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Kote VB, Frazer LL, Shukla A, Bailly A, Hicks S, Jones DA, DiSerafino DD, Davis ML, Nicolella DP. Probabilistic Finite Element Analysis of Human Rib Biomechanics: A Framework for Improved Generalizability. Ann Biomed Eng 2024:10.1007/s10439-024-03571-4. [PMID: 38955891 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-024-03571-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
In dynamic impact events, thoracic injuries often involve rib fractures, which are closely related to injury severity. Previous studies have investigated the behavior of isolated ribs under impact loading conditions, but often neglected the variability in anatomical shape and tissue material properties. In this study, we used probabilistic finite element analysis and statistical shape modeling to investigate the effect of population-wide variability in rib cortical bone tissue mechanical properties and rib shape on the biomechanical response of the rib to impact loading. Using the probabilistic finite element analysis results, a response surface model was generated to rapidly investigate the biomechanical response of an isolated rib under dynamic anterior-posterior load given the variability in rib morphometry and tissue material properties. The response surface was used to generate pre-fracture force-displacement computational corridors for the overall population and a population sub-group of older mid-sized males. When compared to the experimental data, the computational mean response had a RMSE of 4.28N (peak force 94N) and 6.11N (peak force 116N) for the overall population and sub-group respectively, whereas the normalized area metric when comparing the experimental and computational corridors ranged from 3.32% to 22.65% for the population and 10.90% to 32.81% for the sub-group. Furthermore, probabilistic sensitivities were computed in which the contribution of uncertainty and variability of the parameters of interest was quantified. The study found that rib cortical bone elastic modulus, rib morphometry and cortical thickness are the random variables that produce the largest variability in the predicted force-displacement response. The proposed framework offers a novel approach for accounting biological variability in a representative population and has the potential to improve the generalizability of findings in biomechanical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Bhaskar Kote
- Materials Engineering, Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Lance L Frazer
- Materials Engineering, Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Avani Shukla
- Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ashley Bailly
- Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Sydney Hicks
- College of Natural Science and Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | - Daniel P Nicolella
- Materials Engineering, Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
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2
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Kote VB, Frazer LL, Hostetler ZS, Jones DA, Davis M, Op't Eynde J, Kait J, Pang D, Bass D, Koser J, Shah A, Yoganandan N, Stemper B, Bentley T, Nicolella DP. Investigating the Impact of Blunt Force Trauma: A Probabilistic Study of Behind Armor Blunt Trauma Risk. Ann Biomed Eng 2024:10.1007/s10439-024-03564-3. [PMID: 38922366 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-024-03564-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Evaluating Behind Armor Blunt Trauma (BABT) is a critical step in preventing non-penetrating injuries in military personnel, which can result from the transfer of kinetic energy from projectiles impacting body armor. While the current NIJ Standard-0101.06 standard focuses on preventing excessive armor backface deformation, this standard does not account for the variability in impact location, thorax organ and tissue material properties, and injury thresholds in order to assess potential injury. To address this gap, Finite Element (FE) human body models (HBMs) have been employed to investigate variability in BABT impact conditions by recreating specific cases from survivor databases and generating injury risk curves. However, these deterministic analyses predominantly use models representing the 50th percentile male and do not investigate the uncertainty and variability inherent within the system, thus limiting the generalizability of investigating injury risk over a diverse military population. The DoD-funded I-PREDICT Future Naval Capability (FNC) introduces a probabilistic HBM, which considers uncertainty and variability in tissue material and failure properties, anthropometry, and external loading conditions. This study utilizes the I-PREDICT HBM for BABT simulations for three thoracic impact locations-liver, heart, and lower abdomen. A probabilistic analysis of tissue-level strains resulting from a BABT event is used to determine the probability of achieving a Military Combat Incapacitation Scale (MCIS) for organ-level injuries and the New Injury Severity Score (NISS) is employed for whole-body injury risk evaluations. Organ-level MCIS metrics show that impact at the heart can cause severe injuries to the heart and spleen, whereas impact to the liver can cause rib fractures and major lacerations in the liver. Impact at the lower abdomen can cause lacerations in the spleen. Simulation results indicate that, under current protection standards, the whole-body risk of injury varies between 6 and 98% based on impact location, with the impact at the heart being the most severe, followed by impact at the liver and the lower abdomen. These results suggest that the current body armor protection standards might result in severe injuries in specific locations, but no injuries in others.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dale Bass
- Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jared Koser
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Alok Shah
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Babazadeh-Naseri A, Li G, Shourijeh MS, Akin JE, Higgs Iii CF, Fregly BJ, Dunbar NJ. Stress-shielding resistant design of custom pelvic prostheses using lattice-based topology optimization. Med Eng Phys 2023; 121:104012. [PMID: 37985018 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2023.104012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Endoprosthetic reconstruction of the pelvic bone using 3D-printed, custom-made implants has delivered early load-bearing ability and good functional outcomes in the short term to individuals with pelvic sarcoma. However, excessive stress-shielding and subsequent resorption of peri‑prosthetic bone can imperil the long-term stability of such implants. To evaluate the stress-shielding performance of pelvic prostheses, we developed a sequential modeling scheme using subject-specific finite element models of the pelvic bone-implant complex and personalized neuromusculoskeletal models for pre- and post-surgery walking. A new topology optimization approach is introduced for the stress-shielding resistant (SSR) design of custom pelvic prostheses, which uses 3D-printable porous lattice structures. The SSR optimization was applied to a typical pelvic prosthesis to reconstruct a type II+III bone resection. The stress-shielding performance of the optimized implant based on the SSR approach was compared against the conventional optimization. The volume of the peri‑prosthetic bone predicted to undergo resorption post-surgery decreased from 44 to 18%. This improvement in stress-shielding resistance was achieved without compromising the structural integrity of the prosthesis. The SSR design approach has the potential to improve the long-term stability of custom-made pelvic prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Geng Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | | | - John E Akin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - C Fred Higgs Iii
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Benjamin J Fregly
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Nicholas J Dunbar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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4
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Ghosh R, Chanda S, Chakraborty D. Application of finite element analysis to tissue differentiation and bone remodelling approaches and their use in design optimization of orthopaedic implants: A review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2022; 38:e3637. [PMID: 35875869 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Post-operative bone growth and long-term bone adaptation around the orthopaedic implants are simulated using the mechanoregulation based tissue-differentiation and adaptive bone remodelling algorithms, respectively. The primary objective of these algorithms was to assess biomechanical feasibility and reliability of orthopaedic implants. This article aims to offer a comprehensive review of the developments in mathematical models of tissue-differentiation and bone adaptation and their applications in studies involving design optimization of orthopaedic implants over three decades. Despite the different mechanoregulatory models developed, existing literature confirm that none of the models can be highly regarded or completely disregarded over each other. Not much development in mathematical formulations has been observed from the current state of knowledge due to the lack of in vivo studies involving clinically relevant animal models, which further retarded the development of such models to use in translational research at a fast pace. Future investigations involving artificial intelligence (AI), soft-computing techniques and combined tissue-differentiation and bone-adaptation studies involving animal subjects for model verification are needed to formulate more sophisticated mathematical models to enhance the accuracy of pre-clinical testing of orthopaedic implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajdeep Ghosh
- Composite Structures and Fracture Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Souptick Chanda
- Biomechanics and Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
- Mehta Family School of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Debabrata Chakraborty
- Composite Structures and Fracture Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
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Korkmaz İH, Kaymaz İ, Yıldırım ÖS, Murat F, Kovacı H. Designing and in vitro testing of a novel patient-specific total knee prosthesis using the probabilistic approach. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2022; 67:295-305. [PMID: 35727116 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2021-0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In order to prevent failure as well as ensure comfort, patient-specific modelling for prostheses has been gaining interest. However, deterministic analyses have been widely used in the design process without considering any variation/uncertainties related to the design parameters of such prostheses. Therefore, this study aims to compare the performance of patient-specific anatomic Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) with off-the-shelf TKA. In the patient-specific model, the femoral condyle curves were considered in the femoral component's inner and outer surface design. The tibial component was designed to completely cover the tibia cutting surface. In vitro experiments were conducted to compare these two models in terms of loosening of the components. A probabilistic approach based on the finite element method was also used to compute the probability of failure of both models. According to the deterministic analysis results, 103.10 and 21.67 MPa von Mises stress values were obtained for the femoral component and cement in the anatomical model, while these values were 175.86 and 25.76 MPa, respectively, for the conventional model. In order to predict loosening damage due to local osteolysis or stress shield, it was determined that the deformation values in the examined cement structures were 15% lower in the anatomical model. According to probabilistic analysis results, it was observed that the probability of encountering an extreme value for the anatomical model is far less than that of the conventional model. This indicates that the anatomical model is safer than the conventional model, considering the failure scenarios in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- İsmail H Korkmaz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - İrfan Kaymaz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ömer S Yıldırım
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fahri Murat
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Halim Kovacı
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Tan N, van Arkel RJ. Topology Optimisation for Compliant Hip Implant Design and Reduced Strain Shielding. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:7184. [PMID: 34885337 PMCID: PMC8658148 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Stiff total hip arthroplasty implants can lead to strain shielding, bone loss and complex revision surgery. The aim of this study was to develop topology optimisation techniques for more compliant hip implant design. The Solid Isotropic Material with Penalisation (SIMP) method was adapted, and two hip stems were designed and additive manufactured: (1) a stem based on a stochastic porous structure, and (2) a selectively hollowed approach. Finite element analyses and experimental measurements were conducted to measure stem stiffness and predict the reduction in stress shielding. The selectively hollowed implant increased peri-implanted femur surface strains by up to 25 percentage points compared to a solid implant without compromising predicted strength. Despite the stark differences in design, the experimentally measured stiffness results were near identical for the two optimised stems, with 39% and 40% reductions in the equivalent stiffness for the porous and selectively hollowed implants, respectively, compared to the solid implant. The selectively hollowed implant's internal structure had a striking resemblance to the trabecular bone structures found in the femur, hinting at intrinsic congruency between nature's design process and topology optimisation. The developed topology optimisation process enables compliant hip implant design for more natural load transfer, reduced strain shielding and improved implant survivorship.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard J. van Arkel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
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7
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Kargarnejad S, Ghalichi F, Pourgol-Mohammad M, Garajei A. Mandibular reconstruction system reliability analysis using probabilistic finite element method. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2021; 24:1437-1449. [PMID: 34657530 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2021.1892660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to design for mandibular reconstruction of large lateral defect with minimum target reliability with designated confidence interval under bite force range of 300 ± 102 N. The performance of the models has been evaluated by numerical analysis considering the uncertainty of input parameters. Computer-Aided design was used to develop the models of three designs according to the patient's anatomy and to achieve to near symmetry of the mandible. Stress-strength modeling was utilized for the probabilistic physics of failure analysis under assumption of a quasi-static load. Monte-Carlo simulation was also applied for probabilistic finite element analysis and reliability assessment. The sensitivity analysis of the models was developed to reflect the significance of the variables in the models. The deterministic stress analysis shows that the highest stress and the second maximum stress are 110 MPa and 85 MPa for cortical bone around the screws, respectively. Also, it is determined that the maximum plate stress of the titanium conventional plate model is 580 MPa. The reconstruction system success rate was improved in all models by observing the anatomy of the patient's mandible in the plate designs by computer-aided design and additive manufacturing techniques. Based on the results, the reliability of plate strength and pull-out screws strength are 99.99% and 96.71% for the fibula free flap model, respectively, and 99.99% and 94.17%, respectively, for the customized prosthesis model. Probability sensitivity factors showed that uncertainty in the elastic modulus of the cortical bone has the greatest effect on the probability of screws loosening.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kargarnejad
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - F Ghalichi
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - M Pourgol-Mohammad
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - A Garajei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry and Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology and Reconstructive Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Ninos G, Bartzis V, Merlemis N, Sarris IE. Uncertainty quantification implementations in human hemodynamic flows. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 203:106021. [PMID: 33721602 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2021.106021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Human hemodynamic modeling is usually influenced by uncertainties occurring from a considerable unavailability of information linked to the boundary conditions and the physical properties used in the numerical models. Calculating the effect of these uncertainties on the numerical findings along the cardiovascular system is a demanding process due to the complexity of the morphology of the body and the area dynamics. To cope with all these difficulties, Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) methods seem to be an ideal tool. RESULTS This study focuses on analyzing and summarizing some of the recent research efforts and directions of implementing UQ in human hemodynamic flows by analyzing 139 research papers. Initially, the suitability of applying this approach is analyzed and demonstrated. Then, an overview of the most significant research work in various fields of biomedical hemodynamic engineering is presented. Finally, it is attempted to identify any possible forthcoming directions for research and methodological progress of UQ in biomedical sciences. CONCLUSION This review concludes that by finding the best statistical methods and parameters to represent the propagated uncertainties, while achieving a good interpretation of the interaction between input-output, is crucial for implementing UQ in biomedical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ninos
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of West Attica, 12243, Athens, Greece; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of West Attica, 12244, Athens, Greece.
| | - V Bartzis
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of West Attica, 12243, Athens, Greece
| | - N Merlemis
- Deptartment of Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece
| | - I E Sarris
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of West Attica, 12244, Athens, Greece
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9
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Kayabasi O. Design methodology for dental implant using approximate solution techniques. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2020; 121:684-695. [PMID: 31981654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
With the developing technology, dental implants have been widely used in recent years. These implants are surgically implanted into a jaw bone to support missing teeth. Implants are usually made of titanium and are biocompatible. The design and analysis of the dental implant is based on expert knowledge, experience and ability to work seamlessly on the patient. Due to the difficulties in performing dental implant tests in vivo, the geometric shape design of the dental implant must be performed before it is applied to a patient and mathematical models have been developed to perform structural analysis. In this study, a design strategy for dental implant design was proposed. In this proposed strategy, finite element analysis, numerical optimization method and probabilistic design approach Monte Carlo simulation are integrated to work together automatically.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Kayabasi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duzce University, Konuralp Yerleskesi Merkez/Duzce, 81620 Turkey.
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10
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Chatterjee S, Roy S, Majumder S, RoyChowdhury A. Biomechanical Analysis to Probe Role of Bone Condition and Subject Weight in Stiffness Customization of Femoral Stem for Improved Periprosthetic Biomechanical Response. J Biomech Eng 2020; 142:1082899. [PMID: 32320044 DOI: 10.1115/1.4046973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Stress shielding due to difference in stiffness of bone and implant material is one among the foremost causes of loosening and failure of load-bearing implants. Thus far, femoral geometry has been given priority for the customization of total hip joint replacement (THR) implant design. This study, for the first time, demonstrates the key role of bone condition and subject-weight on the customization of stiffness and design of the femoral stem. In particular, internal hollowness was incorporated to reduce the implant stiffness and such designed structure has been customized based on subject parameters, including bone condition and bodyweight. The primary aim was to tailor these parameters to achieve close to natural strain distribution at periprosthetic bone and to reduce interfacial bone loss over time. The maintenance of interfacial bone density over time has been studied here through analysis of bone remodeling (BR). For normal bodyweight, the highest hollowness exhibited clinically relevant biomechanical response, for all bone conditions. However, for heavier subjects, consideration of bone quality was found to be essential as higher hollowness induced bone failure in weaker bones and implant failure in stronger bones. Moreover, for stronger bone, thinner medial wall was found to reduce bone resorption over time on the proximo-lateral zone of stress shielding, while lateral thinning was found advantageous for weaker bones. The findings of this study are likely to facilitate designing of femoral stems for achieving better physiological outcomes and enhancement of the quality of life of patients undergoing THR surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhomoy Chatterjee
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Howrah, West Bengal 711103, India; Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Sandipan Roy
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Howrah, West Bengal 711103, India; Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Santanu Majumder
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal 711103, India
| | - Amit RoyChowdhury
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal 711103, India
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Lu J, Xi J, Langenderfer JE. Sensitivity Analysis and Uncertainty Quantification in Pulmonary Drug Delivery of Orally Inhaled Pharmaceuticals. J Pharm Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Cilla M, Checa S, Duda GN. Strain shielding inspired re-design of proximal femoral stems for total hip arthroplasty. J Orthop Res 2017; 35:2534-2544. [PMID: 28176355 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A large number of hip prosthesis with different designs have been developed. However, the influence of hip implant design changes on the strains induced in the bone remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to better understand the mechanics of short stem total hip arthroplasty. Specifically, it investigates whether strain shielding can be avoided by changing implant shape and/or material properties. It is hypothesized that the re-design of existing implant designs can result in further reduction of strain shielding and thus keep bone loss minimal following total hip replacement. Finite element methods were used to compare healthy and implanted models. The local mechanics strains/stresses in the intact and implanted femurs were determined under patient-specific muscle and joint contact forces. Results suggest that small changes in implant geometry and material properties have no major effect on strain shielding. Furthermore, it was found that improvement depends on a dramatic re-design of the original implant design. Whereas the benefit of this strategy of modification of the original geometry of a given short-stemmed hip consists in reduced bone remodeling, care should be taken with regard to long-term bone anchorage and implant fatigue strength. It is also shown that geometrical and material changes have a limited potential in avoiding strain shielding even in short-stemmed implants. Finally, it is suggested that an understanding of the influence of these changes on the strain distribution within the bone can guide in the process of optimizing the current stem designs toward minimal strain shielding effects. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:2534-2544, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Cilla
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus - Virchow Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, Institutsgebäude Süd,13353 Berlin, Germany.,Centro Universitario de la Defensa, Academia General Militar, Ctra. Huesca s/n, 50090 Zaragoza, Spain.,Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sara Checa
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus - Virchow Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, Institutsgebäude Süd,13353 Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg N Duda
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus - Virchow Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, Institutsgebäude Süd,13353 Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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13
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Applied Taguchi method for fatigue testing of customized hip implant. Int J Artif Organs 2017; 39:611-618. [PMID: 28106226 DOI: 10.5301/ijao.5000545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Human activities generate stresses, which vary with time and may result in fatigue failure of the customized hip implant. This study aims to investigate fatigue testing of customized hip implants using the minimum number of experiments by the Taguchi method, for 147 patients. This study was also useful to determine the influential geometrical parameters on the fatigue safety factor of customized hip implants. METHODS Horizontal offset (HO), vertical offset (VO) and neck shaft angle (NSA) of the hip joint of 147 patients were measured on computed tomography (CT) scanned images. Stress and strain of hip implants were calculated by finite element analysis and validated by in vitro experimental tests. Fatigue safety factors were calculated by Goodman, Soderberg and Gerber's fatigue theories and maximum stresses. RESULTS Analysis of variance results show that the highest impact on fatigue safety factors was equal to 54.38% for HO, 16.33% for VO, and was equal to 29.16% for NSA with reference to Goodman, Soderberg and Gerber's fatigue theories. The hip implant shape of experiment no. 8 has the highest safety factor value compared to all other hip implants. CONCLUSIONS The results show that HO has the maximum influence on fatigue safety factors. The determination of influential geometric parameters may be useful to redesign customized hip implants in order to achieve the highest fatigue safety factor. The Taguchi method is suitable for fatigue testing of custom hip implant with a minimum number of experiments.
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14
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Mangado N, Piella G, Noailly J, Pons-Prats J, Ballester MÁG. Analysis of Uncertainty and Variability in Finite Element Computational Models for Biomedical Engineering: Characterization and Propagation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2016; 4:85. [PMID: 27872840 PMCID: PMC5097915 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2016.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Computational modeling has become a powerful tool in biomedical engineering thanks to its potential to simulate coupled systems. However, real parameters are usually not accurately known, and variability is inherent in living organisms. To cope with this, probabilistic tools, statistical analysis and stochastic approaches have been used. This article aims to review the analysis of uncertainty and variability in the context of finite element modeling in biomedical engineering. Characterization techniques and propagation methods are presented, as well as examples of their applications in biomedical finite element simulations. Uncertainty propagation methods, both non-intrusive and intrusive, are described. Finally, pros and cons of the different approaches and their use in the scientific community are presented. This leads us to identify future directions for research and methodological development of uncertainty modeling in biomedical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Mangado
- Simbiosys Group, Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Gemma Piella
- Simbiosys Group, Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Jérôme Noailly
- Simbiosys Group, Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Jordi Pons-Prats
- International Center for Numerical Methods in Engineering (CIMNE) , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel González Ballester
- Simbiosys Group, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Wille H, Ruess M, Rank E, Yosibash Z. Uncertainty quantification for personalized analyses of human proximal femurs. J Biomech 2016; 49:520-7. [PMID: 26873282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Computational models for the personalized analysis of human femurs contain uncertainties in bone material properties and loads, which affect the simulation results. To quantify the influence we developed a probabilistic framework based on polynomial chaos (PC) that propagates stochastic input variables through any computational model. We considered a stochastic E-ρ relationship and a stochastic hip contact force, representing realistic variability of experimental data. Their influence on the prediction of principal strains (ϵ1 and ϵ3) was quantified for one human proximal femur, including sensitivity and reliability analysis. Large variabilities in the principal strain predictions were found in the cortical shell of the femoral neck, with coefficients of variation of ≈40%. Between 60 and 80% of the variance in ϵ1 and ϵ3 are attributable to the uncertainty in the E-ρ relationship, while ≈10% are caused by the load magnitude and 5-30% by the load direction. Principal strain directions were unaffected by material and loading uncertainties. The antero-superior and medial inferior sides of the neck exhibited the largest probabilities for tensile and compression failure, however all were very small (pf<0.001). In summary, uncertainty quantification with PC has been demonstrated to efficiently and accurately describe the influence of very different stochastic inputs, which increases the credibility and explanatory power of personalized analyses of human proximal femurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagen Wille
- Chair for Computation in Engineering, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Martin Ruess
- Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands.
| | - Ernst Rank
- Chair for Computation in Engineering, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Institute for Advanced Study, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Zohar Yosibash
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
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16
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Yosibash Z, Wille H, Rank E. Stochastic description of the peak hip contact force during walking free and going upstairs. J Biomech 2015; 48:1015-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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17
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Probabilistic sensitivity analysis of in-vehicle reach tasks for digital human models considering anthropometric measurement uncertainty. ROBOTICA 2015. [DOI: 10.1017/s0263574714000381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARYFor design using digital human models, human anthropometry data are required as input and are extracted from measurements. There is inherent error associated with these measurements which impacts the output of the simulation. Current techniques in digital human modeling applications primarily employ deterministic methods which are not well suited for handling variability in anthropometric measurement. An alternative to deterministic methods is probabilistic/sensitivity analysis. This study presents a probabilistic sensitivity approach to gain insights into how uncertainty in anthropometric measurements can affect the results of a digital human model with the specific application of vehicle-related reach tasks. Sensitivity levels are found to determine the importance of variability in each joint angle and link length to the final reach. A55-degree of freedom (DOF) digital human model is introduced to demonstrate the sensitivity approach for reach tasks. Seven right-hand reach target points and two left-hand reach target points (creating a total of 14 reach tasks) within a vehicle are used to compare the sensitivities in the joint angles and link lengths resulting from measurement uncertainty. The results show that the importance of each joint angle or link length is dependent on the characteristics of the reach task and sensitivities for joint angles, and link lengths are different for each reach task.
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18
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Donnell DMS, Seidelman JL, Mendias CL, Miller BS, Carpenter JE, Hughes RE. A stochastic structural reliability model explains rotator cuff repair retears. Int Biomech 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/23310472.2014.983166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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19
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Kaymaz I, Bayrak O, Karsan O, Celik A, Alsaran A. Failure analysis of the cement mantle in total hip arthroplasty with an efficient probabilistic method. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2014; 228:409-17. [PMID: 24705340 DOI: 10.1177/0954411914529428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Accurate prediction of long-term behaviour of cemented hip implants is very important not only for patient comfort but also for elimination of any revision operation due to failure of implants. Therefore, a more realistic computer model was generated and then used for both deterministic and probabilistic analyses of the hip implant in this study. The deterministic failure analysis was carried out for the most common failure states of the cement mantle. On the other hand, most of the design parameters of the cemented hip are inherently uncertain quantities. Therefore, the probabilistic failure analysis was also carried out considering the fatigue failure of the cement mantle since it is the most critical failure state. However, the probabilistic analysis generally requires large amount of time; thus, a response surface method proposed in this study was used to reduce the computation time for the analysis of the cemented hip implant. The results demonstrate that using an efficient probabilistic approach can significantly reduce the computation time for the failure probability of the cement from several hours to minutes. The results also show that even the deterministic failure analyses do not indicate any failure of the cement mantle with high safety factors, the probabilistic analysis predicts the failure probability of the cement mantle as 8%, which must be considered during the evaluation of the success of the cemented hip implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Kaymaz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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20
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Lu YC, Kemper AR, Gayzik S, Untaroiu CD, Beillas P. Statistical modeling of human liver incorporating the variations in shape, size, and material properties. STAPP CAR CRASH JOURNAL 2013; 57:285-311. [PMID: 24435736 DOI: 10.4271/2013-22-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The liver is one of the most frequently injured abdominal organs during motor vehicle crashes. Realistic numerical assessments of liver injury risk for the entire occupant population require incorporating inter-subject variations into numerical models. The main objective of this study was to quantify the shape variations of human liver in a seated posture and the statistical distributions of its material properties. Statistical shape analysis was applied to construct shape models of the livers of 15 adult human subjects, recorded in a typical seated (occupant) posture. The principal component analysis was then utilized to obtain the modes of variation, the mean model, and 95% statistical boundary shape models. In addition, a total of 52 tensile tests were performed on the parenchyma of three fresh human livers at four loading rates (0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 s^-1) to characterize the rate-dependent and failure properties of the human liver. A FE-based optimization approach was employed to identify the material parameters of an Ogden material model for each specimen. The mean material parameters were then determined for each loading rate from the characteristic averages of the stress-strain curves, and a stochastic optimization approach was utilized to determine the standard deviations of the material parameters. Results showed that the first five modes of the human liver shape models account for more than 60% of the overall anatomical variations. The distributions of the material parameters combined with the mean and statistical boundary shape models could be used to develop probabilistic finite element (FE) models, which may help to better understand the variability in biomechanical responses and injuries to the abdominal organs under impact loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Chiao Lu
- Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Center for Injury Biomechanics
| | - Andrew R Kemper
- Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Center for Injury Biomechanics
| | - Scott Gayzik
- Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Center for Injury Biomechanics
| | - Costin D Untaroiu
- Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Center for Injury Biomechanics
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21
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Shi J, Browne M, Strickland M, Flivik G, Taylor M. Sensitivity analysis of a cemented hip stem to implant position and cement mantle thickness. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2013; 17:1671-84. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2012.761693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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22
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Pérez MA. Life prediction of different commercial dental implants as influence by uncertainties in their fatigue material properties and loading conditions. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2012; 108:1277-1286. [PMID: 22633857 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2012.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 03/25/2012] [Accepted: 04/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Probabilistic analyses allow the effect of uncertainty in system parameters to be determined. In the literature, many researchers have investigated static loading effects on dental implants. However, the intrinsic variability and uncertainty of most of the main problem parameters are not accounted for. The objective of this research was to apply a probabilistic computational approach to predict the fatigue life of three different commercial dental implants considering the variability and uncertainty in their fatigue material properties and loading conditions. For one of the commercial dental implants, the influence of its diameter in the fatigue life performance was also studied. This stochastic technique was based on the combination of a probabilistic finite element method (PFEM) and a cumulative damage approach known as B-model. After 6 million of loading cycles, local failure probabilities of 0.3, 0.4 and 0.91 were predicted for the Lifecore, Avinent and GMI implants, respectively (diameter of 3.75mm). The influence of the diameter for the GMI implant was studied and the results predicted a local failure probability of 0.91 and 0.1 for the 3.75mm and 5mm, respectively. In all cases the highest failure probability was located at the upper screw-threads. Therefore, the probabilistic methodology proposed herein may be a useful tool for performing a qualitative comparison between different commercial dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Pérez
- Multiscale in Mechanical and Biological Engineering - M2BE, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
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23
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Wille H, Rank E, Yosibash Z. Prediction of the mechanical response of the femur with uncertain elastic properties. J Biomech 2012; 45:1140-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2011] [Revised: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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24
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Willing R, Kim IY. Design optimization of a total knee replacement for improved constraint and flexion kinematics. J Biomech 2011; 44:1014-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2010] [Revised: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 02/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Nobari S, Katoozian H, Zomorodimoghadam S. Three-dimensional design optimisation of patient-specific femoral plates as a means of bone remodelling reduction. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2010; 13:819-27. [DOI: 10.1080/10255841003630645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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26
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Laz PJ, Browne M. A review of probabilistic analysis in orthopaedic biomechanics. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2010; 224:927-43. [PMID: 20923112 DOI: 10.1243/09544119jeim739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Probabilistic analysis methods are being increasingly applied in the orthopaedics and biomechanics literature to account for uncertainty and variability in subject geometries, properties of various structures, kinematics and joint loading, as well as uncertainty in implant alignment. As a complement to experiments, finite element modelling, and statistical analysis, probabilistic analysis provides a method of characterizing the potential impact of variability in parameters on performance. This paper presents an overview of probabilistic analysis and a review of biomechanics literature utilizing probabilistic methods in structural reliability, kinematics, joint mechanics, musculoskeletal modelling, and patient-specific representations. The aim of this review paper is to demonstrate the wide range of applications of probabilistic methods and to aid researchers and clinicians in better understanding probabilistic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Laz
- Computational Biomechanics Lab, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Denver, 2390 South York Street, Denver, CO 80208, USA.
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27
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Li X, Li D, Lian Q, Guo H, Jin Z. The Effect of Stem Structure on Stress Distribution of a Custom-Made Hip Prosthesis. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2010; 224:1275-84. [DOI: 10.1243/09544119jeim768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A custom-made hip is essential for the initial stability and longevity which correspond to an optimal stress distribution, since a standard hip cannot always satisfy every patient's need. In order to find out the designing principles of a custom-made hip, a patient's personal features on which the design was based were acquired. In this study, an integrated finite element model of the hip (including ilium, acetabular cup, femoral head, femoral stem, and femur) was created based on the computed tomography (CT) images of this patient. A series model with different stem length, cross-section, and collodiaphyseal angle were analysed under both static and quasi-static loading conditions. Comparing the stress distribution on each part of the hip prosthesis with that of the natural hip before replacement, the optimal stem structure for this patient was found. In addition, the changes of interspace between acetabular cup and femoral head were measured according to dynamic CT images on the healthy side of this patient during a gait cycle. Results correspond to the trail of the maximum contact stress sites, which were mainly located on the superolateral surface of the acetabular cup. This custom-design method can also be adopted for other patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Li
- State Key Lab for Manufacturing System Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, ShaanXi, People's Republic of China
| | - D Li
- State Key Lab for Manufacturing System Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, ShaanXi, People's Republic of China
| | - Q Lian
- State Key Lab for Manufacturing System Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, ShaanXi, People's Republic of China
| | - H Guo
- State Key Lab for Manufacturing System Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, ShaanXi, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Jin
- State Key Lab for Manufacturing System Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, ShaanXi, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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28
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Dopico-González C, New AM, Browne M. A computational tool for the probabilistic finite element analysis of an uncemented total hip replacement considering variability in bone–implant version angle. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2010; 13:1-9. [DOI: 10.1080/10255840902911536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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29
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Topological optimization in hip prosthesis design. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2009; 9:389-402. [DOI: 10.1007/s10237-009-0183-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2009] [Accepted: 12/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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30
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Probabilistic finite element analysis of the uncemented hip replacement--effect of femur characteristics and implant design geometry. J Biomech 2009; 43:512-20. [PMID: 19896129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2009] [Revised: 09/24/2009] [Accepted: 09/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, a probabilistic finite element tool was assessed using an uncemented total hip replacement model. Fully bonded and frictional interfaces were investigated for combinations of three proximal femurs and two implant designs, the Proxima short stem and the IPS hip stem prostheses. The Monte Carlo method was used with two performance indicators: the percentage of bone volume that exceeded specified strain limits and the maximum nodal micromotion. The six degrees of freedom of bone-implant relative position, magnitude of the hip contact force (L), and spatial direction of L were the random variables. The distal portion of the proximal femurs was completely constrained and some of the main muscle forces acting in the hip were applied. The coefficients of the linear approximation between the random variables and the output were used as the sensitivity values. In all cases, bone-implant position related parameters were the most sensitive parameters. The results varied depending on the femur, the implant design and the interface conditions. Values of maximum nodal micromotion agreed with results from previous studies, confirming the robustness of the implemented computational tool. It was demonstrated that results from a single model study should not be generalised to the entire population of femurs and that bone variability is an important factor that should be investigated in such analyses.
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31
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Grimal Q, Haupert S, Mitton D, Vastel L, Laugier P. Assessment of cortical bone elasticity and strength: Mechanical testing and ultrasound provide complementary data. Med Eng Phys 2009; 31:1140-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2009.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2008] [Revised: 05/12/2009] [Accepted: 07/11/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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32
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Dopico-González C, New AM, Browne M. Probabilistic analysis of an uncemented total hip replacement. Med Eng Phys 2009; 31:470-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2009.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2008] [Revised: 01/13/2009] [Accepted: 01/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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33
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Cristofolini L, Taddei F, Baleani M, Baruffaldi F, Stea S, Viceconti M. Multiscale investigation of the functional properties of the human femur. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2008; 366:3319-3341. [PMID: 18593659 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2008.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical strength of human bones has often been investigated in the past. Bone failure is related to musculoskeletal loading, tissue properties, bone metabolism, etc. This is intrinsically a multiscale problem. However, organ-level performance in most cases is investigated as a separate problem, incorporating only part (if any) of the information available at a higher scale (body level) or at a lower one (tissue level, cell level). A multiscale approach is proposed, where models available at different levels are integrated. A middle-out strategy is taken: the main model to be investigated is at the organ level. The organ-level model incorporates as an input the outputs from the body-level (musculoskeletal loads), tissue-level (constitutive equations) and cell-level models (bone remodelling). In this paper, this approach is exemplified by a clinically relevant application: fractures of the proximal femur. We report how a finite-element model of the femur (organ level) becomes part of a multiscale model. A significant effort is related to model validation: a number of experiments were designed to quantify the model's sensitivity and accuracy. When possible, the clinical accuracy and the clinical impact of a model should be assessed. Whereas a large amount of information is available at all scales, only organ-level models are really mature in this perspective. More work is needed in the future to integrate all levels fully, while following a sound scientific method to assess the relevance and validity of such an integrated model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Cristofolini
- Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
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34
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Morton NA, Maletsky LP, Pal S, Laz PJ. Effect of variability in anatomical landmark location on knee kinematic description. J Orthop Res 2007; 25:1221-30. [PMID: 17506082 DOI: 10.1002/jor.20396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Small variability associated with identifying and locating anatomical landmarks on the knee has the potential to affect the joint coordinate systems and reported kinematic descriptions. The objectives of this study were to develop an approach to quantify the effect of landmark location variability on both tibiofemoral and patellofemoral kinematics and to identify the critical landmarks and associated degrees of freedom that most affected the kinematic measures. The commonly used three-cylindric open-chain kinematic description utilized measured rigid body kinematics from a cadaveric specimen during simulated gait. A probabilistic analysis was performed with 11 anatomical landmarks to predict the variability in each kinematic. The model predicted the absolute kinematic bounds and offset kinematic bounds, emphasizing profile shape, for each kinematic over the gait cycle, as well as the range of motion. Standard deviations of up to 2 mm were assumed for the anatomical landmark locations and resulted in significant variability in clinically relevant absolute kinematic parameters of up to 6.5 degrees and 4.4 mm for tibiofemoral and 7.6 degrees and 6.5 mm for patellofemoral kinematics. The location of the femoral epicondylar prominences had the greatest effect on both the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral kinematic descriptions. A quantitative understanding of the potential changes in kinematic description caused by anatomical landmark variability is important not only to the accuracy of kinematic gait studies and the evaluation of total knee arthroplasty implant performance, but also may impact component placement decision-making in computer-assisted surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Morton
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Learned Hall, Room 3138, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
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35
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Easley SK, Pal S, Tomaszewski PR, Petrella AJ, Rullkoetter PJ, Laz PJ. Finite element-based probabilistic analysis tool for orthopaedic applications. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2007; 85:32-40. [PMID: 17084937 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2006.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2005] [Revised: 09/04/2006] [Accepted: 09/17/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Orthopaedic implants, as well as other physical systems, contain inherent variability in geometry, material properties, component alignment, and loading conditions. While complex, deterministic finite element (FE) models do not account for the potential impact of variability on performance, probabilistic studies have typically predicted behavior from simplified FE models to achieve practical solution times. The objective of this research was to develop an efficient and versatile probabilistic FE tool to quantify the effect of uncertainty in the design variables on the performance of orthopaedic components under relevant conditions. Key aspects of the computational tool developed include parametric and automated FE model creation for changes in dimensional variables, efficient solution using the advanced mean-value (AMV) reliability method, and identification of the most significant design variables. Two orthopaedic applications are presented to demonstrate the ability of the computational tool to efficiently and accurately represent component performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Easley
- University of Denver, Computational Biomechanics Lab, 2390 S. York, Denver, CO 80208, United States
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36
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Gómez-Benito MJ, Moreo P, Pérez MA, Paseta O, García-Aznar JM, Barrios C, Doblaré M. A damage model for the growth plate: Application to the prediction of slipped capital epiphysis. J Biomech 2007; 40:3305-13. [PMID: 17606268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2007.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2007] [Revised: 04/10/2007] [Accepted: 04/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) being one of the most common disorders of the adolescent hip, its early diagnosis is quite difficult. The main objective of this work is to apply an interface damage model to predict the failure of the bone-growth plate-bone interface. This model allows to evaluate the risk of development of SCFE and to investigate the range of mechanical properties of the physis that may cause slippage of the plate. This paper also studies the influence of different geometrical parameters and body weight of the patient on the development of SCFE. We have demonstrated, thanks to the proposed model, that higher physeal sloping and posterior sloping angles are associated to a higher probability of development of SCFE. In a similar way, increasing body weight results in a more probable slippage.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Gómez-Benito
- Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, CIBER-BNN Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedice ICS-Aragón Institute of Health Science, María de Luna s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.
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37
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Laz PJ, Pal S, Fields A, Petrella AJ, Rullkoetter PJ. Effects of knee simulator loading and alignment variability on predicted implant mechanics: a probabilistic study. J Orthop Res 2006; 24:2212-21. [PMID: 17004268 DOI: 10.1002/jor.20254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Inherent variability in total knee arthroplasty loading and alignment, present in vivo and in simulator testing, may ultimately influence polyethylene tibial insert wear and long-term performance. The effect of this variability was quantified on implant kinematics and contact mechanics during simulated gait loading conditions using semi-constrained and unconstrained fixed bearing, cruciate retaining implants. A probabilistic finite element model of the Stanmore knee wear simulator was utilized to estimate the envelope of anterior-posterior (AP) and internal-external (IE) position and contact pressure and to evaluate the variability in corresponding ranges of motion (ROM). Variability levels were represented by standard deviations of up to 10% of the maximum value for load inputs and 0.25 mm and 0.5 degrees for component alignment inputs. Model predictions compared well with experimental simulator results for the semi-constrained implant, with predicted positional envelopes of up to 1.8 mm (AP) an 3.4 degrees (IE) for the semi-constrained and up to 2.6 mm (AP) and 3.7 degrees (IE) for the unconstrained implant at the variability levels evaluated. ROM varied by up to 22%, while peak contact pressure variations averaged less than 2 MPa for both designs. For each implant, loading variability was more influential during the swing phase of gait, while alignment variability affected kinematics more during stance. The relative rank of sensitivities showed differences between the two designs, providing insight into critical parameters affecting kinematics and contact characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Laz
- University of Denver, Department of Engineering, 2390 South York, Denver, Colorado 80208, USA.
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