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Lin WH, Tzeng CY, Kao FC, Tsao CW, Li N, Wu CC, Lee SH, Huang KF, Hu WW, Chen SL. The proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle stem cells are enhanced in a bioreactor. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024. [PMID: 39369338 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 09/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/07/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle (SKM) is the largest organ in mammalian body and it can repair damages by using the residential myogenic stem cells (MuSC), but this repairing capacity reduces with age and in some genetic muscular dystrophy. Under these circumstances, artificial amplification of autologous MuSC in vitro might be necessary to repair the damaged SKM. The amplification of MuSC is highly dependent on myogenic signals, such as sonic hedgehog (Shh), Wnt3a, and fibroblast growth factors, so formulating an optimum myogenic kit composed of specific myogenic signals might increase the proliferation and differentiation of MuSC efficiently. In this study, various myogenic signals have been tested on C2C12 myoblasts and primary MuSC, and a myogenic kit consists of insulin, lithium chloride, T3, and retinoic acid has been formulated, and we found it significantly increased the fusion index and MHC expression level of both C2C12 and MuSC myotubes. A novel bioreactor providing cyclic stretching (CS) and electrical stimulation (ES) has been fabricated to enhance the myogenic differentiation of both C2C12 and MuSC. We further found that coating the bioreactor substratum with collagen gave the best effect on proliferation and differentiation of MuSC. Furthermore, combining the collagen coating and physical stimuli (CS + ES) in the bioreactor can generate more proliferative primary MuSC cells. Our results have demonstrated that the combination of myogenic kit and bioreactor can provide environment for efficient MuSC proliferation and differentiation. These MuSC and mature myotubes amplified in the bioreactor might be useful for clinical grafting into damaged SKM in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yuh Tzeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Che Kao
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wen Tsao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Che Wu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Huei Lee
- Department of Electric Engineering, Chien Hsin University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Fan Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Hu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Liang Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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2
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Gahlawat S, Oruc D, Paul N, Ragheb M, Patel S, Fasasi O, Sharma P, Shreiber DI, Freeman JW. Tissue Engineered 3D Constructs for Volumetric Muscle Loss. Ann Biomed Eng 2024; 52:2325-2347. [PMID: 39085677 PMCID: PMC11329418 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-024-03541-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Severe injuries to skeletal muscles, including cases of volumetric muscle loss (VML), are linked to substantial tissue damage, resulting in functional impairment and lasting disability. While skeletal muscle can regenerate following minor damage, extensive tissue loss in VML disrupts the natural regenerative capacity of the affected muscle tissue. Existing clinical approaches for VML, such as soft-tissue reconstruction and advanced bracing methods, need to be revised to restore tissue function and are associated with limitations in tissue availability and donor-site complications. Advancements in tissue engineering (TE), particularly in scaffold design and the delivery of cells and growth factors, show promising potential for regenerating damaged skeletal muscle tissue and restoring function. This article provides a brief overview of the pathophysiology of VML and critiques the shortcomings of current treatments. The subsequent section focuses on the criteria for designing TE scaffolds, offering insights into various natural and synthetic biomaterials and cell types for effectively regenerating skeletal muscle. We also review multiple TE strategies involving both acellular and cellular scaffolds to encourage the development and maturation of muscle tissue and facilitate integration, vascularization, and innervation. Finally, the article explores technical challenges hindering successful translation into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Gahlawat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Doga Oruc
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Nikhil Paul
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Mark Ragheb
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Swati Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Oyinkansola Fasasi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Peeyush Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - David I Shreiber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Joseph W Freeman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
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3
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Mazalan MB, Noor AM, Wahab Y, Yahud S, Zaman WSWK. Current Development in Interdigital Transducer (IDT) Surface Acoustic Wave Devices for Live Cell In Vitro Studies: A Review. MICROMACHINES 2021; 13:mi13010030. [PMID: 35056195 PMCID: PMC8779155 DOI: 10.3390/mi13010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acoustics have a wide range of uses, from noise-cancelling to ultrasonic imaging. There has been a surge in interest in developing acoustic-based approaches for biological and biomedical applications in the last decade. This review focused on the application of surface acoustic waves (SAW) based on interdigital transducers (IDT) for live-cell investigations, such as cell manipulation, cell separation, cell seeding, cell migration, cell characteristics, and cell behaviours. The approach is also known as acoustofluidic, because the SAW device is coupled with a microfluidic system that contains live cells. This article provides an overview of several forms of IDT of SAW devices on recently used cells. Conclusively, a brief viewpoint and overview of the future application of SAW techniques in live-cell investigations were presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazlee Bin Mazalan
- AMBIENCE, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia; (A.M.N.); (Y.W.); (S.Y.)
- Correspondence: (M.B.M.); (W.S.W.K.Z.)
| | - Anas Mohd Noor
- AMBIENCE, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia; (A.M.N.); (Y.W.); (S.Y.)
| | - Yufridin Wahab
- AMBIENCE, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia; (A.M.N.); (Y.W.); (S.Y.)
| | - Shuhaida Yahud
- AMBIENCE, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia; (A.M.N.); (Y.W.); (S.Y.)
| | - Wan Safwani Wan Kamarul Zaman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (M.B.M.); (W.S.W.K.Z.)
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4
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Dong R, Ma PX, Guo B. Conductive biomaterials for muscle tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2019; 229:119584. [PMID: 31704468 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Muscle tissues are soft tissues that are of great importance in force generation, body movements, postural support and internal organ function. Muscle tissue injuries would not only result in the physical and psychological pain and disability to the patient, but also become a severe social problem due to the heavy financial burden they laid on the governments. Current treatments for muscle tissue injuries all have their own severe limitations and muscle tissue engineering has been proposed as a promising therapeutic strategy to treat with this problem. Conductive biomaterials are good candidates as scaffolds in muscle tissue engineering due to their proper conductivity and their promotion on muscle tissue formation. However, a review of conductive biomaterials function in muscle tissue engineering, including the skeletal muscle tissue, cardiac muscle tissue and smooth muscle tissue regeneration is still lacking. Here we reviewed the recent progress of conductive biomaterials for muscle regeneration. The recent synthesis and fabrication methods of conductive scaffolds containing conductive polymers (mainly polyaniline, polypyrrole and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), carbon-based nanomaterials (mainly graphene and carbon nanotube), and metal-based biomaterials were systematically discussed, and their application in a variety of forms (such as hydrogels, films, nanofibers, and porous scaffolds) for different kinds of muscle tissues formation (skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and smooth muscle) were summarized. Furthermore, the mechanism of how the conductive biomaterials affect the muscle tissue formation was discussed and the future development directions were included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Dong
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Peter X Ma
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Biologic and Materials Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Baolin Guo
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
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Andersen JI, Pennisi CP, Fink T, Zachar V. Focal Adhesion Kinase Activation Is Necessary for Stretch-Induced Alignment and Enhanced Differentiation of Myogenic Precursor Cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 24:631-640. [PMID: 28741418 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Myogenic precursors sense and dynamically respond to mechanical stimulation through complex integrin-mediated mechanotransduction, in which focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a fundamental intracellular signaling mediator. When skeletal myoblasts are exposed to uniaxial cyclic tensile strain (UCTS), they display uniform alignment and an enhanced rate of differentiation. In this work, we explored the role of FAK activation by using C2C12 myoblasts that were grown on flexible culture plates and exposed to UCTS during the early differentiation phase. After 24 h, the cells oriented perpendicularly to the direction of strain and exhibited an enhanced differentiation profile. Next, the cells were exposed to a strain field that was either kept in the same direction or rotated 90°, in the presence or not of an FAK phosphorylation inhibitor. On reorientation of the strain field by 90°, the cells reassembled their focal adhesions and actin cytoskeleton to regain the perpendicular position with respect to the engaging stress. After blocking the FAK, however, the cells failed to respond to the reoriented strain field and their differentiation was abrogated. Interestingly, when the strain field remained in the same direction, the FAK inhibitor compromised the differentiation, even though there was no evident change in cell orientation. Our data indicate that during exposure to UCTS, the activation of FAK is necessary for the myoblasts to undergo alignment and enhanced differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Isak Andersen
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University , Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Cristian Pablo Pennisi
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University , Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Trine Fink
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University , Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Vladimir Zachar
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University , Aalborg, Denmark
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Yao Y, Mak AF. Strengthening of C2C12 mouse myoblasts against compression damage by mild cyclic compressive stimulation. J Biomech 2016; 49:3956-3961. [PMID: 27884430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Deep tissue injury (DTI) is a severe kind of pressure ulcers formed by sustained deformation of muscle tissues over bony prominences. As a major clinical issue, DTI affects people with physical disabilities, and is obviously related to the load-bearing capacity of muscle cells in various in-vivo conditions. It is important to provide a preventive approach to help muscle cells from being damaged by compressive stress. In this study, we hypothesized that cyclic compressive stimulation could strengthen muscle cells against compressive damage and enhance the cell plasma membrane resealing capability. Monolayer of myoblasts was cultured in the cell culture dish covered by a cylinder 0.5% agarose gel. The platen indenter was applied with 20% strain on the agarose gel in the Mach-1 micromechanical system. The vibration was 1Hz sinusoidal function with amplitude 0.2% strain based on 20% gel strain. Cyclic compressive stimulation for 2h could enhance the compressive stress damage threshold of muscle cells, the muscle cell plasma membrane resealing ratio and viability of muscle cell under static loading as preventive approach. This approach might help to reduce the risk of DTI in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Yao
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Arthur Ft Mak
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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Li Z, Fan Z, Xu Y, Niu H, Xie X, Liu Z, Guan J. Thermosensitive and Highly Flexible Hydrogels Capable of Stimulating Cardiac Differentiation of Cardiosphere-Derived Cells under Static and Dynamic Mechanical Training Conditions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:15948-57. [PMID: 27281488 PMCID: PMC5386508 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b04932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac stem cell therapy has been considered as a promising strategy for heart tissue regeneration. Yet achieving cardiac differentiation after stem cell transplantation remains challenging. This compromises the efficacy of current stem cell therapy. Delivery of cells using matrices that stimulate the cardiac differentiation may improve the degree of cardiac differentiation in the heart tissue. In this report, we investigated whether elastic modulus of highly flexible poly(N-isopropylamide) (PNIPAAm)-based hydrogels can be modulated to stimulate the encapsulated cardiosphere derived cells (CDCs) to differentiate into cardiac lineage under static condition and dynamic stretching that mimics the heart beating condition. We have developed hydrogels whose moduli do not change under both dynamic stretching and static conditions for 14 days. The hydrogels had the same chemical structure but different elastic moduli (11, 21, and 40 kPa). CDCs were encapsulated into these hydrogels and cultured under either native heart-mimicking dynamic stretching environment (12% strain and 1 Hz frequency) or static culture condition. CDCs were able to grow in all three hydrogels. The greatest growth was found in the hydrogel with elastic modulus of 40 kPa. The dynamic stretching condition stimulated CDC growth. The CDCs demonstrated elastic modulus-dependent cardiac differentiation under both static and dynamic stretching conditions as evidenced by gene and protein expressions of cardiac markers such as MYH6, CACNA1c, cTnI, and Connexin 43. The highest differentiation was found in the 40 kPa hydrogel. These results suggest that delivery of CDCs with the 40 kPa hydrogel may enhance cardiac differentiation in the infarct hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqing Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Zhaobo Fan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Yanyi Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Hong Niu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Xiaoyun Xie
- Department of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jianjun Guan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Grefte S, Adjobo-Hermans M, Versteeg E, Koopman W, Daamen W. Impaired primary mouse myotube formation on crosslinked type I collagen films is enhanced by laminin and entactin. Acta Biomater 2016; 30:265-276. [PMID: 26555376 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In skeletal muscle, the stem cell niche is important for controlling the quiescent, proliferation and differentiation states of satellite cells, which are key for skeletal muscle regeneration after wounding. It has been shown that type I collagen, often used as 3D-scaffolds for regenerative medicine purposes, impairs myoblast differentiation. This is most likely due to the absence of specific extracellular matrix proteins providing attachment sites for myoblasts and/or myotubes. In this study we investigated the differentiation capacity of primary murine myoblasts on type I collagen films either untreated or modified with elastin, laminin, type IV collagen, laminin/entactin complex, combinations thereof, and Matrigel as a positive control. Additionally, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROCK signaling might also be involved. To measure ROS levels with live-cell microscopy, fibronectin-coated glass coverslips were additionally coated with type I collagen and Matrigel onto which myoblasts were differentiated. On type I collagen-coated coverslips, myotube formation was impaired while ROS levels were increased. However, anti-oxidant treatment did not enhance myotube formation. ROCK inhibition, which generally improve cellular attachment to uncoated surfaces or type I collagen, enhanced myoblast attachment to type I collagen-coated coverslips and -films, but slightly enhanced myotube formation. Only modification of type I collagen films by Matrigel and a combination of laminin/entactin significantly improved myotube formation. Our results indicate that type I collagen scaffolds can be modified by satellite cell niche factors of which specifically laminin and entactin enhanced myotube formation. This offers a promising approach for regenerative medicine purposes to heal skeletal muscle wounds. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE In this manuscript we show for the first time that impaired myotube formation on type I collagen scaffolds can be completely restored by modification with laminin and entactin, two extracellular proteins from the satellite cell niche. This offers a promising approach for regenerative medicine approaches to heal skeletal muscle wounds.
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Kurth F, Franco-Obregón A, Bärtschi CA, Dittrich PS. An adaptable stage perfusion incubator for the controlled cultivation of C2C12 myoblasts. Analyst 2015; 140:127-33. [PMID: 25368875 DOI: 10.1039/c4an01758g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Here we present a stage perfusion incubation system that allows for the cultivation of mammalian cells within PDMS microfluidic devices for long-term microscopic examination and analysis. The custom-built stage perfusion incubator is adaptable to any x-y microscope stage and is enabled for temperature, gas and humidity control as well as equipped with chip and tubing holder. The applied double-layered microfluidic chip allows the predetermined positioning and concentration of cells while the gas permeable PDMS material facilitates pH control via CO2 levels throughout the chip. We demonstrate the functionality of this system by culturing C2C12 murine myoblasts in buffer free medium within its confines for up to 26 hours. We moreover demonstrated the system's compatibility with various chip configurations, other cells lines (HEK-293 cells) and for longer-term culturing. The cost-efficient system are applicable for any type of PDMS-based cell culture system. Detailed technical drawings and specification to reproduce this perfusion incubation system is provided in the ESI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kurth
- ETH Zurich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
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10
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Kurth F, Franco-Obregón A, Casarosa M, Küster SK, Wuertz-Kozak K, Dittrich PS. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 2-mediated shear-stress responses in C2C12 myoblasts are regulated by serum and extracellular matrix. FASEB J 2015. [PMID: 26207028 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-275396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The developmental sensitivity of skeletal muscle to mechanical forces is unparalleled in other tissues. Calcium entry via reputedly mechanosensitive transient receptor potential (TRP) channel classes has been shown to play an essential role in both the early proliferative stage and subsequent differentiation of skeletal muscle myoblasts, particularly TRP canonical (TRPC) 1 and TRP vanilloid (TRPV) 2. Here we show that C2C12 murine myoblasts respond to fluid flow-induced shear stress with increments in cytosolic calcium that are largely initiated by the mechanosensitive opening of TRPV2 channels. Response to fluid flow was augmented by growth in low extracellular serum concentration (5 vs. 20% fetal bovine serum) by greater than 9-fold and at 18 h in culture, coincident with the greatest TRPV2 channel expression under identical conditions (P < 0.02). Fluid flow responses were also enhanced by substrate functionalization with laminin, rather than with fibronectin, agreeing with previous findings that the gating of TRPV2 is facilitated by laminin. Fluid flow-induced calcium increments were blocked by ruthenium red (27%) and SKF-96365 (38%), whereas they were unaltered by 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate, further corroborating that TRPV2 channels play a predominant role in fluid flow mechanosensitivity over that of TRPC1 and TRP melastatin (TRPM) 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kurth
- *Department of Biosystems and Science Engineering and Institute for Biomechanics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, and Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; and National University Hospital Sports Centre, Singapore
| | - Alfredo Franco-Obregón
- *Department of Biosystems and Science Engineering and Institute for Biomechanics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, and Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; and National University Hospital Sports Centre, Singapore
| | - Marco Casarosa
- *Department of Biosystems and Science Engineering and Institute for Biomechanics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, and Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; and National University Hospital Sports Centre, Singapore
| | - Simon K Küster
- *Department of Biosystems and Science Engineering and Institute for Biomechanics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, and Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; and National University Hospital Sports Centre, Singapore
| | - Karin Wuertz-Kozak
- *Department of Biosystems and Science Engineering and Institute for Biomechanics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, and Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; and National University Hospital Sports Centre, Singapore
| | - Petra S Dittrich
- *Department of Biosystems and Science Engineering and Institute for Biomechanics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, and Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; and National University Hospital Sports Centre, Singapore
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11
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Zou K, De Lisio M, Huntsman HD, Pincu Y, Mahmassani Z, Miller M, Olatunbosun D, Jensen T, Boppart MD. Laminin-111 improves skeletal muscle stem cell quantity and function following eccentric exercise. Stem Cells Transl Med 2014; 3:1013-22. [PMID: 25015639 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminin-111 (α1, β1, γ1; LM-111) is an important component of the extracellular matrix that is required for formation of skeletal muscle during embryonic development. Recent studies suggest that LM-111 supplementation can enhance satellite cell proliferation and muscle function in mouse models of muscular dystrophy. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which LM-111 can alter satellite and nonsatellite stem cell quantity following eccentric exercise-induced damage in young adult, healthy mice. One week following injection of LM-111 or saline, mice either remained sedentary or were subjected to a single bout of downhill running (EX). While one muscle was preserved for evaluation of satellite cell number, the other muscle was processed for isolation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs; Sca-1+CD45-) via FACS at 24 hours postexercise. Satellite cell number was approximately twofold higher in LM-111/EX compared with all other groups (p<.05), and the number of satellite cells expressing the proliferation marker Ki67 was 50% to threefold higher in LM-111/EX compared with all other groups (p<.05). LM-111 also increased the quantity of embryonic myosin heavy chain-positive (eMHC+) fibers in young mice after eccentric exercise (p<.05). Although MSC percentage and number were not altered, MSC proinflammatory gene expression was decreased, and hepatocyte growth factor gene expression was increased in the presence of LM-111 (p<.05). Together, these data suggest that LM-111 supplementation provides a viable solution for increasing skeletal muscle stem cell number and/or function, ultimately allowing for improvements in the regenerative response to eccentric exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zou
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael De Lisio
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Heather D Huntsman
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Yair Pincu
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Ziad Mahmassani
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Matthew Miller
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Dami Olatunbosun
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Tor Jensen
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Marni D Boppart
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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12
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Crocetti S, Beyer C, Unternährer S, Benavides Damm T, Schade-Kampmann G, Hebeisen M, Di Berardino M, Fröhlich J, Franco-Obregón A. Impedance flow cytometry gauges proliferative capacity by detecting TRPC1 expression. Cytometry A 2014; 85:525-36. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Beyer
- Electromagnetics in Medicine and Biology Group, Laboratory for Electromagnetic Fields and Microwave Electronics; ETH Zürich Switzerland
| | | | - Tatiana Benavides Damm
- Institute for Biomechanics; ETH Zürich Switzerland
- CC Aerospace Biomedical Science & Technology, Space Biology Group, Luzern University of Applied Sciences and Arts; Hergiswil Switzerland
| | | | - Monika Hebeisen
- Leister Process Technologies; Axetris Division; Kaegiswil Switzerland
| | | | - Jürg Fröhlich
- Electromagnetics in Medicine and Biology Group, Laboratory for Electromagnetic Fields and Microwave Electronics; ETH Zürich Switzerland
| | - Alfredo Franco-Obregón
- Institute for Biomechanics; ETH Zürich Switzerland
- Department of Surgery; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore
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13
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Glycogen synthase kinase 3β represses MYOGENIN function in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1094. [PMID: 24577092 PMCID: PMC3944270 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
MYOGENIN is a member of the muscle regulatory factor family that orchestrates an obligatory step in myogenesis, the terminal differentiation of skeletal muscle cells. A paradoxical feature of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS), a prevalent soft tissue sarcoma in children arising from cells with a myogenic phenotype, is the inability of these cells to undergo terminal differentiation despite the expression of MYOGENIN. The chimeric PAX3-FOXO1 fusion protein which results from a chromosomal translocation in ARMS has been implicated in blocking cell cycle arrest, preventing myogenesis from occurring. We report here that PAX3-FOXO1 enhances glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) activity which in turn represses MYOGENIN activity. MYOGENIN is a GSK3β substrate in vitro on the basis of in vitro kinase assays and MYOGENIN is phosphorylated in ARMS-derived RH30 cells. Constitutively active GSK3β(S9A) increased the level of a phosphorylated form of MYOGENIN on the basis of western blot analysis and this effect was reversed by neutralization of the single consensus GSK3β phosphoacceptor site by mutation (S160/164A). Congruently, GSK3β inhibited the trans-activation of an E-box reporter gene by wild-type MYOGENIN, but not MYOGENIN with the S160/164A mutations. Functionally, GSK3β repressed muscle creatine kinase (MCK) promoter activity, an effect which was reversed by the S160/164A mutated MYOGENIN. Importantly, GSK3β inhibition or exogenous expression of the S160/164A mutated MYOGENIN in ARMS reduced the anchorage independent growth of RH30 cells in colony-formation assays. Thus, sustained GSK3β activity represses a critical regulatory step in the myogenic cascade, contributing to the undifferentiated, proliferative phenotype in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS).
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14
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Fuhrer R, Hofmann S, Hild N, Vetsch JR, Herrmann IK, Grass RN, Stark WJ. Pressureless mechanical induction of stem cell differentiation is dose and frequency dependent. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81362. [PMID: 24278427 PMCID: PMC3836961 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Movement is a key characteristic of higher organisms. During mammalian embryogenesis fetal movements have been found critical to normal tissue development. On the single cell level, however, our current understanding of stem cell differentiation concentrates on inducing factors through cytokine mediated biochemical signaling. In this study, human mesenchymal stem cells and chondrogenesis were investigated as representative examples. We show that pressureless, soft mechanical stimulation precipitated by the cyclic deformation of soft, magnetic hydrogel scaffolds with an external magnetic field, can induce chondrogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells without any additional chondrogenesis transcription factors (TGF-β1 and dexamethasone). A systematic study on the role of movement frequency revealed a classical dose-response relationship for human mesenchymal stem cells differentiation towards cartilage using mere mechanical stimulation. This effect could even be synergistically amplified when exogenous chondrogenic factors and movement were combined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Fuhrer
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Hofmann
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nora Hild
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Inge K. Herrmann
- Institute of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert N. Grass
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wendelin J. Stark
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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15
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Moraes C, Likhitpanichkul M, Lam CJ, Beca BM, Sun Y, Simmons CA. Microdevice array-based identification of distinct mechanobiological response profiles in layer-specific valve interstitial cells. Integr Biol (Camb) 2013; 5:673-80. [PMID: 23403640 DOI: 10.1039/c3ib20254b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Aortic valve homeostasis is mediated by valvular interstitial cells (VICs) found in spatially distinct and mechanically dynamic layers of the valve leaflet. Disease progression is associated with the pathological differentiation of VICs to myofibroblasts, but the mechanobiological response profiles of cells specific to different layers in the leaflet remains undefined. Conventional mechanically dynamic macroscale culture technologies require a large number of cells per set of environmental conditions. However, large scale expansion of primary VICs in vitro does not maintain in vivo phenotypes, and hence conventional macroscale techniques are not well-suited to systematically probe response of these cell types to combinatorially manipulated mechanobiological cues. To address this issue, we developed a microfabricated composite material screening array to determine the combined effects of dynamic substrate stretch, soluble cues and matrix proteins on small populations of primary cells. We applied this system to study VICs isolated from distinct layers of the valve leaflet and determined that (1) mechanical stability and cellular adhesion to the engineered composite materials were significantly improved as compared to conventional stretching technologies; (2) VICs demonstrate layer-specific mechanobiological profiles; and (3) mechanical stimulation, matrix proteins and soluble cues produce integrated and distinct responses in layer-specific VIC populations. Strikingly, myofibroblast differentiation was most significantly influenced by cell origin, despite the presence of potent mechanobiological cues such as applied strain and TGF-β1. These results demonstrate that spatially-distinct VIC subpopulations respond differentially to microenvironmental cues, with implications for valve tissue engineering and pathobiology. The developed platform enables rapid identification of biological phenomena arising from systematically manipulating the cellular microenvironment, and may be of utility in screening mechanosensitive cell cultures with applications in drug screening, tissue engineering and fundamental cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Moraes
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
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16
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Okina E, Grossi A, Gopal S, Multhaupt HAB, Couchman JR. Alpha-actinin interactions with syndecan-4 are integral to fibroblast-matrix adhesion and regulate cytoskeletal architecture. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2012; 44:2161-74. [PMID: 22940199 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2012.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
All cells of the musculoskeletal system possess transmembrane syndecan proteoglycans, notably syndecan-4. In fibroblasts it regulates integrin-mediated adhesion to the extracellular matrix. Syndecan-4 null mice have a complex wound repair phenotype while their fibroblasts have reduced focal adhesions and matrix contraction abilities. Signalling through syndecan-4 core protein to the actin cytoskeleton involves protein kinase Cα and Rho family G proteins but also direct interactions with α-actinin. The contribution of the latter interaction to cell-matrix adhesion is not defined but investigated here since manipulation of Rho GTPase and its downstream targets could not restore a wild type microfilament organisation to syndecan-4 null cells. Microarray and protein analysis revealed no significant alterations in mRNA or protein levels for actin- or α-actinin associated proteins when wild type and syndecan-4 knockout fibroblasts were compared. The binding site for syndecan-4 cytoplasmic domain was identified as spectrin repeat 4 of α-actinin while further experiments confirmed the importance of this interaction in stabilising cell-matrix junctions. However, α-actinin is also present in adherens junctions, these organelles not being disrupted in the absence of syndecan-4. Indeed, co-culture of wild type and knockout cells led to adherens junction-associated stress fibre formation in cells lacking syndecan-4, supporting the hypothesis that the proteoglycan regulates cell-matrix adhesion and its associated microfilament bundles at a post-translational level. These data provide an additional dimension to syndecan function related to tension at the cell-matrix interface, wound healing and potentially fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Okina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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17
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Nikolajski M, Wotschadlo J, Clement JH, Heinze T. Amino-functionalized cellulose nanoparticles: preparation, characterization, and interactions with living cells. Macromol Biosci 2012; 12:920-5. [PMID: 22535832 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201200040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Spherical nanoparticles with sizes from 80 to 200 nm are obtained by self-assembly of highly functionalized 6-deoxy-6-(ω-aminoalkyl)aminocellulosecarbamates. The particles are very stable, nontoxic, and possess primary amino groups that are accessible to further modifications in aqueous suspension. The particles can be labeled with rhodamine B isothiocyanate without changing their size, stability, and shape. The nanoparticles obtained are investigated by means of photo correlation spectroscopy, zeta potential measurements, SEM and fluorescence spectroscopy. Incorporation of the nanoparticles in human foreskin fibroblasts BJ-1-htert and breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells without any transfection reagent is proved by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Nikolajski
- Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
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18
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Mechanical stimuli on C2C12 myoblasts affect myoblast differentiation, focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation and galectin-1 expression: a proteomic approach. Cell Biol Int 2011; 35:579-86. [DOI: 10.1042/cbi20100441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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19
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Boonen KJM, van der Schaft DWJ, Baaijens FPT, Post MJ. Interaction between electrical stimulation, protein coating and matrix elasticity: a complex effect on muscle fibre maturation. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2010; 5:60-8. [DOI: 10.1002/term.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Langelaan MLP, Boonen KJM, Rosaria-Chak KY, van der Schaft DWJ, Post MJ, Baaijens FPT. Advanced maturation by electrical stimulation: Differences in response between C2C12 and primary muscle progenitor cells. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2010; 5:529-39. [DOI: 10.1002/term.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2010] [Accepted: 07/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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21
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Brosig M, Ferralli J, Gelman L, Chiquet M, Chiquet-Ehrismann R. Interfering with the connection between the nucleus and the cytoskeleton affects nuclear rotation, mechanotransduction and myogenesis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2010; 42:1717-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2010.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Revised: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/03/2010] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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22
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Kruegel J, Miosge N. Basement membrane components are key players in specialized extracellular matrices. Cell Mol Life Sci 2010; 67:2879-95. [PMID: 20428923 PMCID: PMC2921489 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Revised: 03/17/2010] [Accepted: 03/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
More than three decades ago, basement membranes (BMs) were described as membrane-like structures capable of isolating a cell from and connecting a cell to its environment. Since this time, it has been revealed that BMs are specialized extracellular matrices (sECMs) with unique components that support important functions including differentiation, proliferation, migration, and chemotaxis of cells during development. The composition of these sECM is as unique as the tissues to which they are localized, opening the possibility that such matrices can fulfill distinct functions. Changes in BM composition play significant roles in facilitating the development of various diseases. Furthermore, tissues have to provide sECM for their stem cells during development and for their adult life. Here, we briefly review the latest research on these unique sECM and their components with a special emphasis on embryonic and adult stem cells and their niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Kruegel
- Tissue Regeneration Work Group, Department of Prosthodontics, Georg August University, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nicolai Miosge
- Tissue Regeneration Work Group, Department of Prosthodontics, Georg August University, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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23
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Langelaan ML, Boonen KJ, Polak RB, Baaijens FP, Post MJ, van der Schaft DW. Meet the new meat: tissue engineered skeletal muscle. Trends Food Sci Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2009.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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24
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Wang Y, Zhao Z, Li Y, Li Y, Wu J, Fan X, Yang P. Up-regulated alpha-actin expression is associated with cell adhesion ability in 3-D cultured myocytes subjected to mechanical stimulation. Mol Cell Biochem 2009; 338:175-81. [PMID: 20024607 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-009-0351-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2009] [Accepted: 12/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed to investigate the alteration of alpha-actin in three-dimensionally (3-D) cultured myocytes under cyclic tensile stress loading. Myocytes were collected from neonatal SD rat's lateral pterygoid muscle for primary cell culture. The third-passage cells were implanted and 3-D cultured in poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) scaffold, and then subjected to cyclic tensile stress (0.5 Hz, 2,000 microstrain) for 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h through a four-point bending strain system. The alpha-actin mRNA was investigated by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The alpha-actin protein expression was examined by immunofluorescent cytochemistry, laser confocal scanning microscopy (LCSM), and image analysis technology. The dynamic adhesion of myocytes to PLGA scaffolds was investigated by fluorescence microscope and the viability of the myocytes was measured by MTT assay. After mechanical loading, the alpha-actin mRNA increased at 2 h and then declined. The alpha-actin protein expression kept increased until peaked at 12 h, but declined at 24 h. The time course changing of alpha-actin protein expression parallelled with that of cell adhesion ability. It is concluded that alpha-actin expression is probably associated with cell adhesion ability in myocytes subjected to mechanical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Stomatology Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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25
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Potier E, Noailly J, Ito K. Directing bone marrow-derived stromal cell function with mechanics. J Biomech 2009; 43:807-17. [PMID: 19962149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2009] [Revised: 11/13/2009] [Accepted: 11/16/2009] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Because bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSCs) are able to generate many cell types, they are envisioned as source of regenerative cells to repair numerous tissues, including bone, cartilage, and ligaments. Success of BMSC-based therapies, however, relies on a number of methodological improvements, among which better understanding and control of the BMSC differentiation pathways. Since many years, the biochemical environment is known to govern BMSC differentiation, but more recent evidences show that the biomechanical environment is also directing cell functions. Using in vitro systems that aim to reproduce selected components of the in vivo mechanical environment, it was demonstrated that mechanical loadings can affect BMSC proliferation and improve the osteogenic, chondrogenic, or myogenic phenotype of BMSCs. These effects, however, seem to be modulated by parameters other than mechanics, such as substrate nature or soluble biochemical environment. This paper reviews and discusses recent experimental data showing that despite some knowledge limitation, mechanical stimulation already constitutes an additional and efficient tool to drive BMSC differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Potier
- Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Postbus 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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26
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Papenburg BJ, Schüller-Ravoo S, Bolhuis-Versteeg LA, Hartsuiker L, Grijpma DW, Feijen J, Wessling M, Stamatialis D. Designing porosity and topography of poly(1,3-trimethylene carbonate) scaffolds. Acta Biomater 2009; 5:3281-94. [PMID: 19463974 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2009] [Revised: 04/02/2009] [Accepted: 05/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Using phase separation micromolding (PSmicroM) we developed porous micro-patterned sheets from amorphous poly(1,3-trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC). The use of these PTMC sheets can be advantageous in tissue engineering applications requiring highly flexible constructs. Addition of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) in various amounts to PTMC casting solutions provides PTMC sheets with tailored porosity and pore sizes in the range 2-20 microm. The pore-forming effect of PEO during the phase separation process is evaluated and glucose transport measurements show that the pores are highly interconnected. Additionally, tailoring the micro-pattern design yields PTMC sheets with various surface topographies. Cell culturing experiments with C2C12 pre-myoblasts revealed that cell attachment and proliferation on these sheets is relatively high and that the micro-pattern topography induces a clearly defined cell organization.
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27
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Abe S, Rhee S, Iwanuma O, Hiroki E, Yanagisawa N, Sakiyama K, Ide Y. Effect of Mechanical Stretching on Expressions of Muscle Specific Transcription Factors MyoD, Myf-5, Myogenin and MRF4 in Proliferated Myoblasts. Anat Histol Embryol 2009; 38:305-10. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2009.00945.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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28
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Cui Z, Chen X, Lu B, Park SK, Xu T, Xie Z, Xue P, Hou J, Hang H, Yates JR, Yang F. Preliminary quantitative profile of differential protein expression between rat L6 myoblasts and myotubes by stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture. Proteomics 2009; 9:1274-92. [PMID: 19253283 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200800354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Defining the mechanisms governing myogenesis has advanced in recent years. Skeletal-muscle differentiation is a multi-step process controlled spatially and temporally by various factors at the transcription level. To explore those factors involved in myogenesis, stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC), coupled with high-accuracy mass spectrometry (LTQ-Orbitrap), was applied successfully. Rat L6 cell line is an excellent model system for studying muscle myogenesis in vitro. When mononucleate L6 myoblast cells reach confluence in culture plate, they could transform into multinucleate myotubes by serum starvation. By comparing protein expression of L6 myoblasts and terminally differentiated multinucleated myotubes, 1170 proteins were quantified and 379 proteins changed significantly in fully differentiated myotubes in contrast to myoblasts. These differentially expressed proteins are mainly involved in inter-or intracellular signaling, protein synthesis and degradation, protein folding, cell adhesion and extracellular matrix, cell structure and motility, metabolism, substance transportation, etc. These findings were supported by many previous studies on myogenic differentiation, of which many up-regulated proteins were found to be involved in promoting skeletal muscle differentiation for the first time in our study. In summary, our results provide new clues for understanding the mechanism of myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyou Cui
- Proteomics Platform, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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29
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Boonen KJM, Rosaria-Chak KY, Baaijens FPT, van der Schaft DWJ, Post MJ. Essential environmental cues from the satellite cell niche: optimizing proliferation and differentiation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2009; 296:C1338-45. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00015.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The use of muscle progenitor cells (MPCs) for regenerative medicine has been severely compromised by their decreased proliferative and differentiative capacity after being cultured in vitro. We hypothesized the loss of pivotal niche factors to be the cause. Therefore, we investigated the proliferative and differentiative response of passage 0 murine MPCs to varying substrate elasticities and protein coatings and found that proliferation was influenced only by elasticity, whereas differentiation was influenced by both elasticity and protein coating. A stiffness of 21 kPa optimally increased the proliferation of MPCs. Regarding differentiation, we demonstrated that fusion of MPCs into myotubes takes place regardless of elasticity. However, ongoing maturation with cross-striations and contractions occurred only on elasticities higher than 3 kPa. Furthermore, maturation was fastest on poly-d-lysine and laminin coatings.
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30
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Boonen KJ, Post MJ. The Muscle Stem Cell Niche: Regulation of Satellite Cells During Regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2008; 14:419-31. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2008.0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristel J.M. Boonen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mark J. Post
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Physiology, CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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