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Liu Y, Zheng L, Li S, Zhang Z, Lin Z, Ma W. Finite element study on the micromechanics of cement-augmented proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) for intertrochanteric fracture treatment. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10322. [PMID: 38710745 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61122-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Blade cut-out is a common complication when using proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) for the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures. Although cement augmentation has been introduced to overcome the cut-out effect, the micromechanics of this approach remain to be clarified. While previous studies have developed finite element (FE) models based on lab-prepared or cadaveric samples to study the cement-trabeculae interface, their demanding nature and inherent disadvantages limit their application. The aim of this study was to develop a novel 'one-step forming' method for creating a cement-trabeculae interface FE model to investigate its micromechanics in relation to PFNA with cement augmentation. A human femoral head was scanned using micro-computed tomography, and four volume of interest (VOI) trabeculae were segmented. The VOI trabeculae were enclosed within a box to represent the encapsulated region of bone cement using ANSYS software. Tetrahedral meshing was performed with Hypermesh software based on Boolean operation. Finally, four cement-trabeculae interface FE models comprising four interdigitated depths and five FE models comprising different volume fraction were established after element removal. The effects of friction contact, frictionless contact, and bond contact properties between the bone and cement were identified. The maximum micromotion and stress in the interdigitated and loading bones were quantified and compared between the pre- and post-augmentation situations. The differences in micromotion and stress with the three contact methods were minimal. Micromotion and stress decreased as the interdigitation depth increased. Stress in the proximal interdigitated bone showed a correlation with the bone volume fraction (R2 = 0.70); both micromotion (R2 = 0.61) and stress (R2 = 0.93) at the most proximal loading region exhibited a similar correlation tendency. When comparing the post- and pre-augmentation situations, micromotion reduction in the interdigitated bone was more effective than stress reduction, particularly near the cement border. The cementation resulted in a significant reduction in micromotion within the loading bone, while the decrease in stress was minimal. Noticeable gradients of displacement and stress reduction can be observed in models with lower bone volume fraction (BV/TV). In summary, cement augmentation is more effective at reducing micromotion rather than stress. Furthermore, the reinforcing impact of bone cement is particularly prominent in cases with a low BV/TV. The utilization of bone cement may contribute to the stabilization of trabecular bone and PFNA primarily by constraining micromotion and partially shielding stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurui Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liqin Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaobin Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengze Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziling Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wuhua Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Moufid A, Bokam P, Harika-Germaneau G, Severyns M, Caillé L, Valle V, Vendeuvre T, Germaneau A. Study of Mechanical Behavior in Epiphyseal Fracture Treated by Reduction and Cement Injection: No Immediate Post-Operative Weight-Bearing but Only Passive and Active Mobilization Should be Advised. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:891940. [PMID: 35860325 PMCID: PMC9289102 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.891940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of new percutaneous treatment techniques using a balloon for the reduction and cement for the stabilization for tibial plateau fractures (TPF) are promising. The biomechanical changes brought by the cement in the periarticular fracture are unknown. The objective of this study was to provide elements of understanding of the bone behavior in an epiphyseal fracture treated with cementoplasty and to define the modifications brought about by the presence of this cement in the bone from both an architectural and biomechanical point of view. In vitro animal experimentation was conducted. Bones samples were prepared with a cavity created with or without cancellous compaction, aided by balloon expansion following the same protocol as in the treatment of TPF. A uniaxial compression test was performed with various speeds and by using Heaviside Digital Image Correlation to measure mechanical fields. Preliminary finite element models were constructed with various boundary conditions to be compared to our experimental results. The analysis of the images permits us to obtain a representative load vs. time response, the displacement fields, and the strain distribution for crack initiation for each sample. Microcracks and discontinuity began very early at the interface bone/cement. Even when the global behavior was linear, microcracks already happened. There was no strain inside the cement. The finite element model that matched our experiments had no link between the two materials. In this work, the use of a novel correlation process highlighted the biomechanical role of the cement inside the bone. This demonstrated that there is no load transfer between bone and cement. After the surgery, the cement behaves like a rigid body inside the cancellous bone (same as a screw or plate). The cement provides good reduction and primary stabilization (mini-invasive approach and good stress distribution), permitting the patient to undergo rehabilitation with active and passive mobilization, but no weight-bearing should be authorized while the cortical bone is not consolidated or stabilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Moufid
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, University Hospital, Poitiers, France
- Institut Pprime UPR 3346, CNRS—Université de Poitiers—ISAE-ENSMA, Poitiers, France
| | - P. Bokam
- Institut Pprime UPR 3346, CNRS—Université de Poitiers—ISAE-ENSMA, Poitiers, France
- Unité de Recherche Clinique Pierre Deniker, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Poitiers, France
| | - G. Harika-Germaneau
- Unité de Recherche Clinique Pierre Deniker, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Poitiers, France
- CERCA UMR 7295, CNRS—Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - M. Severyns
- Institut Pprime UPR 3346, CNRS—Université de Poitiers—ISAE-ENSMA, Poitiers, France
| | - L. Caillé
- Institut Pprime UPR 3346, CNRS—Université de Poitiers—ISAE-ENSMA, Poitiers, France
| | - V. Valle
- Institut Pprime UPR 3346, CNRS—Université de Poitiers—ISAE-ENSMA, Poitiers, France
| | - T. Vendeuvre
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, University Hospital, Poitiers, France
- Institut Pprime UPR 3346, CNRS—Université de Poitiers—ISAE-ENSMA, Poitiers, France
| | - A. Germaneau
- Institut Pprime UPR 3346, CNRS—Université de Poitiers—ISAE-ENSMA, Poitiers, France
- *Correspondence: A. Germaneau,
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Bonithon R, Kao AP, Fernández MP, Dunlop JN, Blunn GW, Witte F, Tozzi G. Multi-scale mechanical and morphological characterisation of sintered porous magnesium-based scaffolds for bone regeneration in critical-sized defects. Acta Biomater 2021; 127:338-352. [PMID: 33831571 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are very promising degradable, osteoconductive and osteopromotive materials to be used as regenerative treatment for critical-sized bone defects. Under load-bearing conditions, Mg alloys must display sufficient morphological and mechanical resemblance to the native bone they are meant to replace to provide adequate support and enable initial bone bridging. In this study, unique highly open-porous Mg-based scaffolds were mechanically and morphologically characterised at different scales. In situ X-ray computed tomography (XCT) mechanics, digital volume correlation (DVC), electron microscopy and nanoindentation were combined to assess the influence of material properties on the apparent (macro) mechanics of the scaffold. The results showed that Mg exhibited a higher connected structure (38.4mm-3 and 6.2mm-3 for Mg and trabecular bone (Tb), respectively) and smaller spacing (245µm and 629µm for Mg and Tb, respectively) while keeping an overall appropriate porosity of 55% in the range of trabecular bone (30-80%). This fully connected and highly porous structure promoted lower local strain compared to the trabecular bone structure at material level (i.e. -22067 ± 8409µε and -40120 ± 18364µε at 6% compression for Mg and trabecular bone, respectively) and highly ductile mechanical behaviour at apparent level preventing premature scaffold failure. Furthermore, the Mg scaffolds exceeded the physiological strain of bone tissue generated in daily activities such as walking or running (500-2000µε) by one order of magnitude. The yield stress was also found to be close to trabecular bone (2.06MPa and 6.67MPa for Mg and Tb, respectively). Based on this evidence, the study highlights the overall biomechanical suitability of an innovative Mg-based scaffold design to be used as a treatment for bone critical-sized defects. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Bone regeneration remains a challenging field of research where different materials and solutions are investigated. Among the variety of treatments, biodegradable magnesium-based implants represent a very promising possibility. The novelty of this study is based on the characterisation of innovative magnesium-based implants whose structure and manufacturing have been optimised to enable the preservation of mechanical integrity and resemble bone microarchitecture. It is also based on a multi-scale approach by coupling high-resolution X-ray computed tomography (XCT), with in situ mechanics, digital volume correlation (DVC) as well as nano-indentation and electron-based microscopy imaging to define how degradable porous Mg-based implants fulfil morphological and mechanical requirements to be used as critical bone defects regeneration treatment.
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Purcell P, Tyndyk M, McEvoy F, Tiernan S, Sweeney D, Morris S. A Multiscale Finite Element Analysis of Balloon Kyphoplasty to Investigate the Risk of Bone-Cement Separation In Vivo. Int J Spine Surg 2021; 15:302-314. [PMID: 33900988 DOI: 10.14444/8040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the past decade there has been a significant increase in the number of vertebral fractures being treated with the balloon kyphoplasty procedure. Although previous investigations have found kyphoplasty to be an effective treatment for reducing patient pain and lowering cement-leakage risk, there have been reports of vertebral recollapse following the procedure. These reports have indicated evidence of in vivo bone-cement separation leading to collapse of the treated vertebra. METHODS The following study documents a multiscale analysis capable of evaluating the risk of bone-cement interface separation during lying, standing, and walking activities following balloon kyphoplasty. RESULTS Results from the analysis found that instances of reduced cement interlock could initiate both tensile and shear separation of the interface region at up to 7 times the failure threshold during walking or up to 1.9 times the threshold during some cases for standing. Lying prone offered the best protection from interface failure in all cases, with a minimum safety factor of 2.95. CONCLUSIONS The results of the multiscale analysis show it is essential for kyphoplasty simulations to take account of the micromechanical behavior of the bone-cement interface to be truly representative of the in vivo situation after the treatment. The results further illustrate the importance of ensuring adequate cement infiltration into the compacted bone periphery during kyphoplasty through a combination of new techniques, tools, and biomaterials in a multifaceted approach to solve this complex challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Purcell
- Bioengineering Technology Centre, Technological University Dublin, Tallaght Campus, Dublin, Ireland.,CADFEM Ireland, The Steelworks, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, Ireland
| | | | - Fiona McEvoy
- Bioengineering Technology Centre, Technological University Dublin, Tallaght Campus, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen Tiernan
- Bioengineering Technology Centre, Technological University Dublin, Tallaght Campus, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Seamus Morris
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, National Spinal Injuries Unit, Ireland
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Computational Study on Interfacial Interactions between Polymethyl Methacrylate-Based Bone Cement and Hydroxyapatite in Nanoscale. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11072937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-based bone cement (BC) is a key material in joint replacement surgery that transfers external forces from the implant to the bone while allowing their robust binding. To quantitatively evaluate the effect of polymerization on the thermomechanical properties of the BC and on the interaction characteristics with the bone ceramic hydroxyapatite (HAp), molecular dynamics simulations were performed. The mechanical stiffness of the BC material under external loading increased gradually with the crosslinking reaction occurrence, indicating increasing load transfer between the constituent molecules. In addition, as the individual Methyl Methacrylate (MMA) segments were interconnected in the system, the freedom of the molecular network was largely suppressed, resulting in more thermally stable structures. Furthermore, the pull-out tests using HAp/BC bilayer models under different constraints (BC at 40% and 85%) revealed the cohesive characteristics of the BC with the bone scaffold in molecular detail. The stiffness and the fracture energy increased by 32% and 98%, respectively, with the crosslink density increasing.
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Zhou Y, Gong C, Hossaini-Zadeh M, Du J. 3D full-field strain in bone-implant and bone-tooth constructs and their morphological influential factors. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 110:103858. [PMID: 32501222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The biomechanics of bone-tooth and bone-implant interfaces affects the outcomes of several dental treatments, such as implant placement, because bone, tooth and periodontal ligament are living tissues that adapt to the changes in mechanical stimulations. In this work, mechanical testing coupled with micro-CT was performed on human cadaveric mandibular bone-tooth and bone-implant constructs. Using digital volume correlation, the 3D full-field strain in bone under implant loading and tooth loading was measured. Concurrently, bone morphology and bone-implant and bone-tooth contact were also measured through the analysis of micro-CT images. The results show that strain in bone increased when a tooth was replaced by a dental implant. Strain concentration was observed in peri-implant bone, as well as in the buccal bone plate, which is also the clinically-observed bone resorption area after implant placement. Decreasing implant stability measurements (resonance frequency analysis and torque test) indicated increased peri-implant strain, but their relationships may not be linear. Peri-implant bone strain linearly increased with decreasing bone-implant contact (BIC) ratio. It also linearly decreased with increasing bone-tooth/bone-implant contact ratio. The high strain in the buccal bone plate linearly increased with decreasing buccal bone plate thickness. The results of this study revealed 3D full-field strain in bone-tooth and bone-implant constructs, as well as their several morphological influential factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiao Zhou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, United States.
| | - Chujie Gong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, United States.
| | - Mehran Hossaini-Zadeh
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Pathology, Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, United States.
| | - Jing Du
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, United States.
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7
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FERNÁNDEZ MPEÑA, WITTE F, TOZZI G. Applications of X‐ray computed tomography for the evaluation of biomaterial‐mediated bone regeneration in critical‐sized defects. J Microsc 2020; 277:179-196. [DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. PEÑA FERNÁNDEZ
- Zeiss Global Centre, School of Mechanical and Design EngineeringUniversity of Portsmouth Portsmouth UK
| | - F. WITTE
- Biotrics Bioimplants GmbH Berlin Germany
| | - G. TOZZI
- Zeiss Global Centre, School of Mechanical and Design EngineeringUniversity of Portsmouth Portsmouth UK
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8
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Peña Fernández M, Black C, Dawson J, Gibbs D, Kanczler J, Oreffo ROC, Tozzi G. Exploratory Full-Field Strain Analysis of Regenerated Bone Tissue from Osteoinductive Biomaterials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E168. [PMID: 31906343 PMCID: PMC6981952 DOI: 10.3390/ma13010168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials for bone regeneration are constantly under development, and their application in critical-sized defects represents a promising alternative to bone grafting techniques. However, the ability of all these materials to produce bone mechanically comparable with the native tissue remains unclear. This study aims to explore the full-field strain evolution in newly formed bone tissue produced in vivo by different osteoinductive strategies, including delivery systems for BMP-2 release. In situ high-resolution X-ray micro-computed tomography (microCT) and digital volume correlation (DVC) were used to qualitatively assess the micromechanics of regenerated bone tissue. Local strain in the tissue was evaluated in relation to the different bone morphometry and mineralization for specimens (n = 2 p/treatment) retrieved at a single time point (10 weeks in vivo). Results indicated a variety of load-transfer ability for the different treatments, highlighting the mechanical adaptation of bone structure in the early stages of bone healing. Although exploratory due to the limited sample size, the findings and analysis reported herein suggest how the combination of microCT and DVC can provide enhanced understanding of the micromechanics of newly formed bone produced in vivo, with the potential to inform further development of novel bone regeneration approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Peña Fernández
- School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, UK;
| | - Cameron Black
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (C.B.); (J.D.); (D.G.); (J.K.); (R.O.C.O.)
| | - Jon Dawson
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (C.B.); (J.D.); (D.G.); (J.K.); (R.O.C.O.)
| | - David Gibbs
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (C.B.); (J.D.); (D.G.); (J.K.); (R.O.C.O.)
- School of Maritime Science and Engineering, Solent University, Southampton SO14 0YN, UK
| | - Janos Kanczler
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (C.B.); (J.D.); (D.G.); (J.K.); (R.O.C.O.)
| | - Richard O. C. Oreffo
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (C.B.); (J.D.); (D.G.); (J.K.); (R.O.C.O.)
| | - Gianluca Tozzi
- School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, UK;
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9
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Alcântara ACS, Assis I, Prada D, Mehle K, Schwan S, Costa-Paiva L, Skaf MS, Wrobel LC, Sollero P. Patient-Specific Bone Multiscale Modelling, Fracture Simulation and Risk Analysis-A Survey. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 13:E106. [PMID: 31878356 PMCID: PMC6981613 DOI: 10.3390/ma13010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This paper provides a starting point for researchers and practitioners from biology, medicine, physics and engineering who can benefit from an up-to-date literature survey on patient-specific bone fracture modelling, simulation and risk analysis. This survey hints at a framework for devising realistic patient-specific bone fracture simulations. This paper has 18 sections: Section 1 presents the main interested parties; Section 2 explains the organzation of the text; Section 3 motivates further work on patient-specific bone fracture simulation; Section 4 motivates this survey; Section 5 concerns the collection of bibliographical references; Section 6 motivates the physico-mathematical approach to bone fracture; Section 7 presents the modelling of bone as a continuum; Section 8 categorizes the surveyed literature into a continuum mechanics framework; Section 9 concerns the computational modelling of bone geometry; Section 10 concerns the estimation of bone mechanical properties; Section 11 concerns the selection of boundary conditions representative of bone trauma; Section 12 concerns bone fracture simulation; Section 13 presents the multiscale structure of bone; Section 14 concerns the multiscale mathematical modelling of bone; Section 15 concerns the experimental validation of bone fracture simulations; Section 16 concerns bone fracture risk assessment. Lastly, glossaries for symbols, acronyms, and physico-mathematical terms are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amadeus C. S. Alcântara
- Department of Computational Mechanics, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-860, Brazil; (A.C.S.A.); (D.P.)
| | - Israel Assis
- Department of Integrated Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-860, Brazil;
| | - Daniel Prada
- Department of Computational Mechanics, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-860, Brazil; (A.C.S.A.); (D.P.)
| | - Konrad Mehle
- Department of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Merseburg, 06217 Merseburg, Germany;
| | - Stefan Schwan
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany;
| | - Lúcia Costa-Paiva
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-887, Brazil;
| | - Munir S. Skaf
- Institute of Chemistry and Center for Computing in Engineering and Sciences, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-860, Brazil;
| | - Luiz C. Wrobel
- Institute of Materials and Manufacturing, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK;
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sollero
- Department of Computational Mechanics, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-860, Brazil; (A.C.S.A.); (D.P.)
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10
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Peña Fernández M, Dall’Ara E, Bodey AJ, Parwani R, Barber AH, Blunn GW, Tozzi G. Full-Field Strain Analysis of Bone–Biomaterial Systems Produced by the Implantation of Osteoregenerative Biomaterials in an Ovine Model. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:2543-2554. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Peña Fernández
- Zeiss Global Centre, School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Anglesea Building, Anglesea Road, Portsmouth, PO1 3DJ, U.K
| | - Enrico Dall’Ara
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism and INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, The Pam Liversidge Building, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, U.K
| | - Andrew J. Bodey
- Diamond Light Source, Diamond House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Fermi Avenue, Didcot, OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Rachna Parwani
- Zeiss Global Centre, School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Anglesea Building, Anglesea Road, Portsmouth, PO1 3DJ, U.K
| | - Asa H. Barber
- Zeiss Global Centre, School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Anglesea Building, Anglesea Road, Portsmouth, PO1 3DJ, U.K
- School of Engineering, London South Bank University, 103 Borough Road, London, SE1 0AA, U.K
| | - Gordon W. Blunn
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, St. Michael’s Building, White Swan Road, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, U.K
| | - Gianluca Tozzi
- Zeiss Global Centre, School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Anglesea Building, Anglesea Road, Portsmouth, PO1 3DJ, U.K
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11
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Peña Fernández M, Cipiccia S, Dall'Ara E, Bodey AJ, Parwani R, Pani M, Blunn GW, Barber AH, Tozzi G. Effect of SR-microCT radiation on the mechanical integrity of trabecular bone using in situ mechanical testing and digital volume correlation. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 88:109-119. [PMID: 30165258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography (SR-microCT) is becoming increasingly popular for studying the relationship between microstructure and bone mechanics subjected to in situ mechanical testing. However, it is well known that the effect of SR X-ray radiation can considerably alter the mechanical properties of bone tissue. Digital volume correlation (DVC) has been extensively used to compute full-field strain distributions in bone specimens subjected to step-wise mechanical loading, but tissue damage from sequential SR-microCT scans has not been previously addressed. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the influence of SR irradiation-induced microdamage on the apparent elastic properties of trabecular bone using DVC applied to in situ SR-microCT tomograms obtained with different exposure times. Results showed how DVC was able to identify high local strain levels (> 10,000 µε) corresponding to visible microcracks at high irradiation doses (~ 230 kGy), despite the apparent elastic properties remained unaltered. Microcracks were not detected and bone plasticity was preserved for low irradiation doses (~ 33 kGy), although image quality and consequently, DVC performance were reduced. DVC results suggested some local deterioration of tissue that might have resulted from mechanical strain concentration further enhanced by some level of local irradiation even for low accumulated dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Peña Fernández
- Zeiss Global Centre, School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | | | - Enrico Dall'Ara
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism and INSIGNEO Institute For in Silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Rachna Parwani
- Zeiss Global Centre, School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Martino Pani
- Zeiss Global Centre, School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Gordon W Blunn
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Asa H Barber
- Zeiss Global Centre, School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK; School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London, UK
| | - Gianluca Tozzi
- Zeiss Global Centre, School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.
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12
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PEÑA FERNÁNDEZ M, BARBER A, BLUNN G, TOZZI G. Optimization of digital volume correlation computation in SR-microCT images of trabecular bone and bone-biomaterial systems. J Microsc 2018; 272:213-228. [DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - A.H. BARBER
- School of Engineering; University of Portsmouth; Portsmouth U.K
- School of Engineering; London South Bank University; U.K
| | - G.W. BLUNN
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences; University of Portsmouth; Portsmouth U.K
| | - G. TOZZI
- School of Engineering; University of Portsmouth; Portsmouth U.K
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13
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Tozzi G, Dall’Ara E, Palanca M, Curto M, Innocente F, Cristofolini L. Strain uncertainties from two digital volume correlation approaches in prophylactically augmented vertebrae: Local analysis on bone and cement-bone microstructures. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 67:117-126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Parwani R, Curto M, Kao AP, Rowley PJ, Pani M, Tozzi G, Barber AH. Morphological and Mechanical Biomimetic Bone Structures. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:2761-2767. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Parwani
- School
of Engineering, Anglesea
Building, Anglesea Road, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, United Kingdom
| | - M. Curto
- School
of Engineering, Anglesea
Building, Anglesea Road, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, United Kingdom
| | - A. P. Kao
- School
of Engineering, Anglesea
Building, Anglesea Road, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, United Kingdom
| | - P. J. Rowley
- School
of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Burnaby Building, Burnaby Road, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3QL, United Kingdom
| | - M. Pani
- School
of Engineering, Anglesea
Building, Anglesea Road, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, United Kingdom
| | - G. Tozzi
- School
of Engineering, Anglesea
Building, Anglesea Road, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, United Kingdom
| | - A. H. Barber
- School
of Engineering, Anglesea
Building, Anglesea Road, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, United Kingdom
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15
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Danesi V, Tozzi G, Cristofolini L. Application of digital volume correlation to study the efficacy of prophylactic vertebral augmentation. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2016; 39:14-24. [PMID: 27631716 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prophylactic augmentation is meant to reinforce the vertebral body, but in some cases it is suspected to actually weaken it. Past studies only investigated structural failure and the surface strain distribution. To elucidate the failure mechanism of the augmented vertebra, more information is needed about the internal strain distribution. This study aims to measure, for the first time, the full-field three-dimensional strain distribution inside augmented vertebrae in the elastic regime and to failure. METHODS Eight porcine vertebrae were prophylactically-augmented using two augmentation materials. They were scanned with a micro-computed tomography scanner (38.8μm voxel resolution) while undeformed, and loaded at 5%, 10%, and 15% compressions. Internal strains (axial, antero-posterior and lateral-lateral components) were computed using digital volume correlation. FINDINGS For both augmentation materials, the highest strains were measured in the regions adjacent to the injected cement mass, whereas the cement-interdigitated-bone was less strained. While this was already visible in the elastic regime (5%), it was a predictor of the localization of failure, which became visible at higher degrees of compression (10% and 15%), when failure propagated across the trabecular bone. Localization of high strains and failure was consistent between specimens, but different between the cement types. INTERPRETATION This study indicated the potential of digital volume correlation in measuring the internal strain (elastic regime) and failure in augmented vertebrae. While the cement-interdigitated region becomes stiffer (less strained), the adjacent non-augmented trabecular bone is affected by the stress concentration induced by the cement mass. This approach can help establish better criteria to improve vertebroplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Danesi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianluca Tozzi
- School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom.
| | - Luca Cristofolini
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Italy
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16
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Zhang CL, Shen GQ, Zhu KP, Liu DX. Biomechanical effects of morphological variations of the cortical wall at the bone-cement interface. J Orthop Surg Res 2016; 11:72. [PMID: 27369636 PMCID: PMC4929745 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-016-0405-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The integrity of bone-cement interface is very important for the stabilization and long-term sustain of cemented prosthesis. Variations in the bone-cement interface morphology may affect the mechanical response of the shape-closed interlock. METHODS Self-developed new reamer was used to process fresh pig reamed femoral canal, creating cortical grooves in the canal wall of experimental group. The biomechanical effects of varying the morphology with grooves of the bone-cement interface were investigated using finite element analysis (FEA) and validated using companion experimental data. Micro-CT scans were used to document interlock morphology. RESULTS The contact area of the bone-cement interface was greater (P < 0.05) for the experimental group (5470 ± 265 mm(2)) when compared to the specimens of control group (5289 ± 299 mm(2)). The mechanical responses to tensile loading and anti-torsion showed that the specimens with grooves were stronger (P < 0.05) at the bone-cement interface than the specimens without grooves. There were positively significant correlation between the contact area and the tensile force (r (2) = 0.85) and the maximal torsion (r (2) = 0.77) at the bone-cement interface. The volume of cement of the experimental group (7688 ± 278 mm(3)) was greater (P < 0.05) than of the control group (5764 ± 186 mm(3)). There were positively significant correlations between the volume of cement and the tensile force (r (2) = 0.90) and the maximal torsion (r (2) = 0.97) at the bone-cement interface. The FEA results compared favorably to the tensile and torsion relationships determined experimentally. More cracks occurred in the cement than in the bone. CONCLUSIONS Converting the standard reaming process from a smooth bore cortical tube to the one with grooves permits the cement to interlock with the reamed bony wall. This would increase the strength of the bone-cement interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lin Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, #301 Yan-chang Middle Road, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Guo-Qi Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Changshu Second People's Hospital, Changshu, 215500, China
| | - Kun-Peng Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Dong-Xu Liu
- Orthotek Lab, School of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, No. 149, Yanchang Rd, 200072, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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17
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Srinivasan P, Miller MA, Verdonschot N, Mann KA, Janssen D. Experimental and computational micromechanics at the tibial cement-trabeculae interface. J Biomech 2016; 49:1641-1648. [PMID: 27079621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Aseptic loosening of the tibial component in cemented total knee arthroplasty remains a major concern. We hypothesize that micromotion between the cement and trabeculae leads to increased circulation of interstitial fluid which in turn causes fluid-induced resorption of the trabeculae. Another mechanism for implant loosening is trabecular strain shielding. Using a newly developed experimental setup and digital image correlation (DIC) methods we were able to measure micromotion and strains in lab-prepared cement-trabeculae interface specimens (n=4). Finite element (FE) models of these specimens were developed to determine whether differences in micromotion and strain in morphologically varying specimens could be simulated accurately. Results showed that the measured micromotion and strains correlated well with FE model predictions (r(2)=0.59-0.85; r(2)=0.66-0.90). Global specimen strains measured axially matched well with the FE model strains (r(2)=0.87). FE model cement strains showed an increasing trend with distance from the cement border. The influence of loss of trabecular connectivity at the specimen edges was studied using our FE model results. Micromotion values at the outer edge of the specimens were higher than the specimen interior when considering a very thin outer edge (0.1mm). When the outer edge thickness was increased to about one trabecular length (0.8mm), there was a drop in the median and peak values. Using the experimental and modelling approach outlined in this study, we can further study the mechanisms that lead to loss of interlock between cement and trabeculae at the tibial interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Srinivasan
- Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Mark A Miller
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Nico Verdonschot
- Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; University of Twente, Laboratory for Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Kenneth A Mann
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Dennis Janssen
- Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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18
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Zhang QH, Cossey A, Tong J. Stress shielding in bone of a bone-cement interface. Med Eng Phys 2016; 38:423-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Zhu ML, Zhang QH, Lupton C, Tong J. Spatial resolution and measurement uncertainty of strains in bone and bone-cement interface using digital volume correlation. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2015; 57:269-79. [PMID: 26741534 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The measurement uncertainty of strains has been assessed in a bone analogue (sawbone), bovine trabecular bone and bone-cement interface specimens under zero load using the Digital Volume Correlation (DVC) method. The effects of sub-volume size, sample constraint and preload on the measured strain uncertainty have been examined. There is generally a trade-off between the measurement uncertainty and the spatial resolution. Suitable sub-volume sizes have been be selected based on a compromise between the measurement uncertainty and the spatial resolution of the cases considered. A ratio of sub-volume size to a microstructure characteristic (Tb.Sp) was introduced to reflect a suitable spatial resolution, and the measurement uncertainty associated was assessed. Specifically, ratios between 1.6 and 4 appear to give rise to standard deviations in the measured strains between 166 and 620 με in all the cases considered, which would seem to suffice for strain analysis in pre as well as post yield loading regimes. A microscale finite element (μFE) model was built from the CT images of the sawbone, and the results from the μFE model and a continuum FE model were compared with those from the DVC. The strain results were found to differ significantly between the two methods at tissue level, consistent in trend with the results found in human bones, indicating mainly a limitation of the current DVC method in mapping strains at this level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Liang Zhu
- Mechanical Behaviour of Materials Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, UK; Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety, Ministry of Education; School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qing-Hang Zhang
- Mechanical Behaviour of Materials Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, UK
| | - Colin Lupton
- Mechanical Behaviour of Materials Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, UK
| | - Jie Tong
- Mechanical Behaviour of Materials Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, UK.
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20
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Computer Simulation and Analysis on Flow Characteristics and Distribution Patterns of Polymethylmethacrylate in Lumbar Vertebral Body and Vertebral Pedicle. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:160237. [PMID: 26770969 PMCID: PMC4685104 DOI: 10.1155/2015/160237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to analyze the flow and distribution of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) in vertebral body through computer simulation. Cadaveric lumbar vertebrae were scanned through electron beam tomography (EBT). The data was imported into Mimics software to build computational model. Vertebral body center and junction of pedicle and vertebral body were chosen as injection points. Silicone oil with viscosity of 100,000 cSt matching with PMMA bone cement was chosen for injection. The flow and distribution of silicone oil were analyzed using Fluent software. In vertebral body, silicone oil formed a circle-like shape centered by injection point on transverse and longitudinal sections, finally forming a sphere-like shape as a whole. Silicone oil diffused along lateral and posterior walls forming a circle-like shape on transverse section centered by injection point in pedicle, eventually forming a sphere-like shape as a whole. This study demonstrated that silicone oil flowed and diffused into a circle-like shape centered by injection point and finally formed a sphere-like shape as a whole in both vertebral body and pedicle. The flow and distribution of silicon oil in computational model could simulate PMMA distribution in vertebral body. It may provide theoretical evidence to reduce PMMA leakage risk during percutaneous vertebroplasty.
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21
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Wee H, Armstrong AD, Flint WW, Kunselman AR, Lewis GS. Peri-implant stress correlates with bone and cement morphology: Micro-FE modeling of implanted cadaveric glenoids. J Orthop Res 2015; 33:1671-9. [PMID: 25929691 PMCID: PMC4591115 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Aseptic loosening of cemented joint replacements is a complex biological and mechanical process, and remains a clinical concern especially in patients with poor bone quality. Utilizing high resolution finite element analysis of a series of implanted cadaver glenoids, the objective of this study was to quantify relationships between construct morphology and resulting mechanical stresses in cement and trabeculae. Eight glenoid cadavers were implanted with a cemented central peg implant. Specimens were imaged by micro-CT, and subject-specific finite element models were developed. Bone volume fraction, glenoid width, implant-cortex distance, cement volume, cement-cortex contact, and cement-bone interface area were measured. Axial loading was applied to the implant of each model and stress distributions were characterized. Correlation analysis was completed across all specimens for pairs of morphological and mechanical variables. The amount of trabecular bone with high stress was strongly negatively correlated with both cement volume and contact between the cement and cortex (r = -0.85 and -0.84, p < 0.05). Bone with high stress was also correlated with both glenoid width and implant-cortex distance. Contact between the cement and underlying cortex may dramatically reduce trabecular bone stresses surrounding the cement, and this contact depends on bone shape, cement amount, and implant positioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwabok Wee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - April D. Armstrong
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Wesley W. Flint
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Allen R. Kunselman
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Gregory S. Lewis
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033
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Tozzi G, Zhang QH, Tong J. Microdamage assessment of bone-cement interfaces under monotonic and cyclic compression. J Biomech 2014; 47:3466-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Purcell P, Tyndyk M, McEvoy F, Tiernan S, Morris S. A parametric finite element analysis of the compacted bone–cement interface following balloon kyphoplasty. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2013; 228:89-97. [DOI: 10.1177/0954411913513575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Treating fractures of the spine is a major challenge for the medical community with an estimated 1.4 million fractures per annum worldwide. While a considerable volume of study exists on the biomechanical implications of balloon kyphoplasty, which is used to treat these fractures, the influence of the compacted bone–cement region properties on stress distribution within the vertebral body remains unknown. The following article describes a novel method for modelling this compacted bone–cement region using a geometry-based approach in conjunction with the knowledge of the bone volume fractions for the native and compacted bone regions. Three variables for the compacted region were examined, as follows: (1) compacted thickness, (2) compacted region Young’s modulus and (3) friction coefficient. Results from the model indicate that the properties of the compacted bone–cement region can affect stresses in the cortical bone and cement by up to +28% and −40%, respectively. These findings demonstrate the need for further investigation into the effects of the compacted bone–cement interface using computational and experimental methods on multi-segment models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Purcell
- Bioengineering Technology Centre, Institute of Technology Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Magdalena Tyndyk
- Medical Engineering Design and Innovation Centre, Cork Institute of Technology, Cork, Ireland
| | - Fiona McEvoy
- Bioengineering Technology Centre, Institute of Technology Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen Tiernan
- Bioengineering Technology Centre, Institute of Technology Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Seamus Morris
- National Spinal Injuries Unit, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Tozzi G, Zhang QH, Lupton C, Tong J, Guillen T, Ohrndorf A, Christ HJ. Characterisation of a metallic foam-cement composite under selected loading conditions. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2013; 24:2509-2518. [PMID: 23846838 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-013-5000-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
An open-cell metallic foam was employed as an analogue material for human trabecular bone to interface with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement to produce composite foam-cement interface specimens. The stress-displacement curves of the specimens were obtained experimentally under tension, shear, mixed tension and shear (mixed-mode), and step-wise compression loadings. In addition, under step-wise compression, an image-guided failure assessment (IGFA) was used to monitor the evolution of micro-damage of the interface. Microcomputed tomography (µCT) images were used to build a subject-specific model, which was then used to perform finite element (FE) analysis under tension, shear and compression. For tension-shear loading conditions, the strengths of the interface specimens were found to increase with the increase of the loading angle reaching the maximum under shear loading condition, and the results compare reasonably well with those from bone-cement interface. Under compression, however, the mechanical strength measured from the foam-cement interface is much lower than that from bone-cement interface. Furthermore, load transfer between the foam and the cement appears to be poor under both tension and compression, hence the use of the foam should be discouraged as a bone analogue material for cement fixation studies in joint replacements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Tozzi
- Mechanical Behaviour of Materials Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
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25
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Madi K, Tozzi G, Zhang Q, Tong J, Cossey A, Au A, Hollis D, Hild F. Computation of full-field displacements in a scaffold implant using digital volume correlation and finite element analysis. Med Eng Phys 2013; 35:1298-312. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Revised: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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26
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Zhang QH, Tozzi G, Tong J. Micro-mechanical damage of trabecular bone-cement interface under selected loading conditions: a finite element study. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2012; 17:230-8. [PMID: 22515517 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2012.675057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, two micro finite element models of trabecular bone-cement interface developed from high resolution computed tomography (CT) images were loaded under compression and validated using the in situ experimental data. The models were then used under tension and shear to examine the load transfer between the bone and cement and the micro damage development at the bone-cement interface. In addition, one models was further modified to investigate the effect of cement penetration on the bone-cement interfacial behaviour. The simulated results show that the load transfer at the bone-cement interface occurred mainly in the bone cement partially interdigitated region, while the fully interdigitated region seemed to contribute little to the mechanical response. Consequently, cement penetration beyond a certain value would seem to be ineffective in improving the mechanical strength of trabecular bone-cement interface. Under tension and shear loading conditions, more cement failures were found in denser bones, while the cement damage is generally low under compression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hang Zhang
- a Mechanical Behaviour of Materials Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth , Anglesea Road, Portsmouth , PO1 3DJ , UK
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