1
|
Lee SH, Won Y, Gibbs D, Caldwell B, Goldstein A, Choi E, Goldenring JR. Amphiregulin Switches Progenitor Cell Fate for Lineage Commitment During Gastric Mucosal Regeneration. Gastroenterology 2024:S0016-5085(24)00290-7. [PMID: 38492892 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Isthmic progenitors, tissue-specific stem cells in the stomach corpus, maintain mucosal homeostasis by balancing between proliferation and differentiation to gastric epithelial lineages. The progenitor cells rapidly adopt an active state in response to mucosal injury. However, it remains unclear how the isthmic progenitor cell niche is controlled during the regeneration of damaged epithelium. METHODS We recapitulated tissue recovery process after acute mucosal injury in the mouse stomach. Bromodeoxyuridine incorporation was used to trace newly generated cells during the injury and recovery phases. To define the epithelial lineage commitment process during recovery, we performed single-cell RNA-sequencing on epithelial cells from the mouse stomachs. We validated the effects of amphiregulin (AREG) on mucosal recovery, using recombinant AREG treatment or AREG-deficient mice. RESULTS We determined that an epidermal growth factor receptor ligand, AREG, can control progenitor cell lineage commitment. Based on the identification of lineage-committed subpopulations in the corpus epithelium through single-cell RNA-sequencing and bromodeoxyuridine incorporation, we showed that isthmic progenitors mainly transition into short-lived surface cell lineages but are less frequently committed to long-lived parietal cell lineages in homeostasis. However, mucosal regeneration after damage directs the lineage commitment of isthmic progenitors towards parietal cell lineages. During recovery, AREG treatment promoted repopulation with parietal cells, while suppressing surface cell commitment of progenitors. In contrast, transforming growth factor-α did not alter parietal cell regeneration, but did induce expansion of surface cell populations. AREG deficiency impairs parietal cell regeneration but increases surface cell commitment. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that different epidermal growth factor receptor ligands can distinctly regulate isthmic progenitor-driven mucosal regeneration and lineage commitment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hyung Lee
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
| | - Yoonkyung Won
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - David Gibbs
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington
| | - Brianna Caldwell
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Anna Goldstein
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Eunyoung Choi
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - James R Goldenring
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Nashville VA Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Marquardt MD, Gibbs D, Grossbach A, Keister A, Munjal V, Moranville R, Mallory N, Toop N, Dhaliwal J, Marquardt H, Xu D, Viljoen S. Impact of obesity on adult spinal deformity (ASD) long-segment spinal fusion radiographic and clinical outcomes. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2024; 238:108187. [PMID: 38402706 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2024.108187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Retrospective chart review of patients receiving long-segment fusion during a five-year period. OBJECTIVE To determine whether obese patients receive comparable benefits when receiving long-segment fusion compared to non-obese patients and to identify factors that may predict hardware failure and post-surgical complications among obese patients. METHODS Demographic, spinopelvic radiographic, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), and complications data was retrospectively collected from 120 patients who underwent long-segment fusion during a five-year period at one tertiary care medical center. Radiographic measurements were pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt (PT), lumbar lordosis, L4-S1 lordosis, thoracic kyphosis, sagittal vertical axis, PI-LL mismatch, and proximal junction cobb angle at upper instrumented vertebrae + 2 (UIV+2). PROMs were Oswestry disability index, numeric rating scale (NRS) Back Pain, NRS Leg Pain, RAND SF-36 pain, and RAND SF-36 physical functioning. Included patients were adults and had at least 2-years of postoperative follow-up. Descriptive and multivariate statistical analysis was performed with α = 0.05. RESULTS Patients with a BMI ≥ 30 (n=63) and patients with a BMI < 30 (n=57) demonstrated comparable improvements (P>0.05) for all spinopelvic radiographic measurements and PROMs. Each cohort demonstrated significant improvements from pre-assessment to post-assessment on nearly all spinopelvic radiographic measurements and PROMs (P<0.05), except PT and L4-S1 lordosis where neither group improved (p=0.95 and 0.58 for PT and P=0.23 and 0.11 for L4-S1 lordosis fornon-obese and obese cohorts respectively) and SF-36 physical functioning where the non-obese cohort not statistically improve (P=0.08). Patients with a BMI ≥ 30 demonstrated an increased incidence of cardiovascular complications (P=0.0293), acute kidney injury (P=0.0241), rod fractures (P=0.0293), and reoperations (P=0.0241) when compared to patients with a BMI < 30. CONCLUSION This study adds to a growing body of evidence linking demographic factors with risks of hardware failure. Further, this data challenges the assumption that obese patients may not receive sufficient benefit to be long-segment surgical candidates. However, given their elevated risk for post-operative and delayed hardware complications, obese patients should be appropriately counseling before undergoing surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - David Gibbs
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Andrew Grossbach
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Alexander Keister
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Vikas Munjal
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Robert Moranville
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Noah Mallory
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Nathaniel Toop
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Joravar Dhaliwal
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Henry Marquardt
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States; Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - David Xu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Stephanus Viljoen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wilson SB, Ward J, Dhaliwal J, Sette K, Ambreen Y, Ammerman SA, Keister A, Vignolles-Jeong J, Gibbs D, Mallory N, Eaton RG, Xu D, Viljoen S, Grossbach A. CT guided biopsy for osteodiscitis reduces cost of hospitalization in the landscape of increasing intravenous drug use: A single center retrospective analysis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2024; 237:108150. [PMID: 38308938 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2024.108150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteodiscitis has been demonstrated to show significant morbidity and mortality. Cultures and CT guided biopsy (CTB) are commonly used diagnosis of osteodiscitis. This study's purpose is to evaluate the cost burden of CTB and to evaluate how IVDU affects patient management in the setting of osteodiscitis. METHODS Patients admitted for osteodiscitis from 2011-2021 were retrospectively reviewed and stratified into cohorts by CTB status. Additional cohorts were stratified by Intravenous Drug Use (IVDU). Patient demographics, total cost of hospitalization, length of hospitalization, time to biopsy, IVDU status, and other factors were recorded. T-Test, Chi-squared analysis, and ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Total cost of hospitalization was recorded for 140 patients without CTB and 346 patients with CTB. Average cost of hospitalization for non-CTB was $227,317.86 compared to CTB at $119,799.20 (p < 0.001). Length of stay (LOS) was found to be 18.01 days for non-CTB and 14.07 days for CTB patients (0.00282). When stratified by days until biopsy, patients who had CTB sooner, had significantly reduced cost of hospitalization (p = 0.0003). Patients with IVDU history were significantly younger (p < 0.001) with lower BMI (p < 0.001) and a significantly different clinical profile. There was a significant difference in positive open biopsy when separated by IVDU status (p = 0.025). CONCLUSION CTB was associated with significantly reduced cost of hospitalization and LOS compared to non-CTB. IVDU patients with osteodiscitis have significantly different clinical profiles than non-IVDU that may impact diagnosis and treatment. Further work is indicated to elucidate causes of these differences to provide high value care to patients with osteodiscitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seth B Wilson
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Jacob Ward
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Joravar Dhaliwal
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Katelyn Sette
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yamenah Ambreen
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | | | - David Gibbs
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Noah Mallory
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ryan G Eaton
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - David Xu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Stephanus Viljoen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andrew Grossbach
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mallory N, Gibbs D, Belmonte A, Mallory TH, Santiago-Torres J. Utility of prophylactic closed suction drainage in open reduction and internal fixation for tibial plateau fracture. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2024; 34:271-277. [PMID: 37452136 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-023-03581-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The usefulness of closed suction drains (CSD) after open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of tibial plateau fractures is a contested topic. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of CSD in postoperative outcomes after tibial plateau fracture. METHODS Data were retrospectively collected from patients who underwent primary repair of closed tibial plateau fractures via an anterolateral approach between June 2021 to May 2022 at a single academic center. Fifty-six patients were included and 28 received CSDs at time of surgery. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS Fifty-six patients were included. There was no significant difference in demographics, pre- and post-op hemoglobin, estimated blood loss during surgery, length of stay, postoperative MMEs and pain at 3 month follow-up, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), compartment syndrome, flexion contracture, use of incisional vac, infection rate, wound drainage, hematoma, neurologic pain, dehiscence, additional surgery, or range of motion at 3 months follow-up. We noted a significant difference in Defense and Veterans Pain Rating Scale (DVPRS) on POD1, demonstrating greater pain in those in the CSD group. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the use of CSD in ORIF of tibial plateau fractures may not be of significant prophylactic benefit. CSDs in ORIF patients were associated with increased early postoperative pain and had no identifiable benefits. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noah Mallory
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 241 W 11th Ave, Suite 6065L, OH, 43201, Columbus, USA
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - David Gibbs
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 241 W 11th Ave, Suite 6065L, OH, 43201, Columbus, USA
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anthony Belmonte
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 241 W 11th Ave, Suite 6065L, OH, 43201, Columbus, USA
| | - Thomas H Mallory
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Juan Santiago-Torres
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 241 W 11th Ave, Suite 6065L, OH, 43201, Columbus, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gibbs D, Gibbs K, Hewitt B. Health information management and physiotherapy faculty collaboration to discover the use of health informatics hiding in plain sight in an entry-level DPT program. HEALTH INF MANAG J 2024; 53:34-40. [PMID: 37671632 DOI: 10.1177/18333583231194750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: Many educational disciplines, especially in health professions, are required by accrediting bodies to introduce or include health informatics (HI); however, faculty (academics) teaching this content may not be well prepared. Objective: The aim of this project was to explore how a doctoral physical therapy (DPT) program could more accurately represent compliance with HI accreditation requirements by identifying hidden instances of relevant content within the curriculum. Method: This exploratory, mixed methods, action research study utilised document review, questionnaires and interviews in the collection of quantitative and qualitative data to enable assessment of knowledge about HI, to determine if HI content was already incorporated in current courses, and, whether the content was accurately reflected in course student learning objectives (SLOs). Change in faculty understanding of HI as a result of this study was also assessed. Results: Of 16 DPT faculty, 13 participated in the pre-interview questionnaire; 8 (50%) representing 22/39 courses participated in the full study. Most were unfamiliar with HI and had unrecognised HI already incorporated in their courses leading to several SLO revisions and additions. Interview and post-interview questionnaire results documented significant increases in HI understanding among faculty. Conclusion: Physical therapy and HIM collaboration was successful in identifying HI content hiding in plain sight. Results revealed multiple instances of unrecognised HI content across the DPT curriculum. Revised and newly added SLOs, with others likely to follow due to this study, will assist faculty with future reaccreditation and in preparing graduates to more fully utilise HI in today's digital healthcare environments.
Collapse
|
6
|
Eaton RG, Wang JL, Munjal V, Dhaliwal J, Maggio D, Keister A, Gibbs D, Mallory N, Sparks A, Moranville R, Xu DS, Grossbach AJ, Viljoen S. Use of global sagittal flexibility to predict proximal junctional kyphosis after spinal deformity surgery. J Neurosurg Spine 2024; 40:99-106. [PMID: 37890185 DOI: 10.3171/2023.8.spine23314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sagittal alignment is an important predictor of functional outcomes after surgery for adult spinal deformity (ASD). A rigid spinal column may create a large lever arm that may impact the rate of proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) after ASD surgery. In this study, the authors sought to determine whether relatively low preoperative global spinal flexibility (i.e., rigid spine) predicts increased incidence of PJK at 1 year after ASD surgery. METHODS The authors retrospectively reviewed long-segment thoracolumbar fusions with pelvic fixation performed at a single tertiary care center between October 2015 and September 2020 in patients with a minimum of 1-year radiographic and clinical follow-up. Two cohorts were established on the basis of the optimal value for spinal flexibility, as defined by the absolute difference between the preoperative standing and supine C7 sagittal vertical axes, which the authors termed global sagittal flexibility (GSF). Demographic information, radiographs, various associated complications, and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were analyzed. RESULTS Eighty-five patients met the inclusion criteria. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis using GSF to predict an increase in the proximal junctional sagittal Cobb angle (PJCA) greater than or equal to 10° at 1-year follow-up provided an area under the curve of 0.64 and identified an optimal GSF threshold value of 3.7 cm. Patients with GSF > 3.7 cm were considered globally flexible (48 patients), and those with GSF ≤ 3.7 cm were classified as rigid (37 patients). Rigid patients were noted to have a significantly higher risk of ΔPJCA ≥ 10° at 1-year follow-up (51.4% vs 29.3%, p = 0.049). No changes in the reoperation rates or PROMs based on GSF were observed in the 1- or 2-year postoperative window. CONCLUSIONS Based on these retrospective data, preoperative global spinal rigidity portends an independently elevated risk for the development of PJK after ASD surgery. No differences in other complication rates or PROMs data were observed between groups. Data collection was limited to a 2-year postoperative window; therefore, longer follow-up is required to further elucidate the relationship between rigidity and reoperation rates. Based on these retrospective data, flexibility may influence the outcomes of patients with ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan G Eaton
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - Joshua L Wang
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - Vikas Munjal
- 2The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Joravar Dhaliwal
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - Dominic Maggio
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | | | - David Gibbs
- 2The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Noah Mallory
- 2The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | | | - David S Xu
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - Andrew J Grossbach
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - Stephanus Viljoen
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; and
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gibbs D, Mallory N, Hoge C, Jones G, Bishop J, Cvetanovich G, Rauck R. Psychological Factors That Affect Return to Sport After Surgical Intervention for Shoulder Instability: A Systematic Review. Orthop J Sports Med 2023; 11:23259671231207649. [PMID: 38035214 PMCID: PMC10686029 DOI: 10.1177/23259671231207649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent advances have begun to identify the nonphysical factors facilitating successful return to sport (RTS) after shoulder instability surgery, yet little is currently known regarding psychological factors and RTS. Purpose/Hypothesis The purposes of this study were to (1) identify psychological factors associated with RTS, (2) evaluate the prognostic utility of various psychological factors, and (3) evaluate the available metrics used to assess psychological RTS readiness. It was hypothesized that psychological factors would be identified as critical elements influencing a patient's RTS. Study Design Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods Clinical studies reporting on the psychological determinants of RTS for patients who had surgery for shoulder instability between 1996 and 2022 were identified from MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Demographic, clinical, and psychometric properties were extracted for pooled weighted analysis. Results Of the 969 studies screened, 24 (2.5%) met inclusion criteria. Overall, 2135 patients were included (mean age, 26.0 years; range, 17.4-35.5 years; 84.7% male). The mean time to RTS was 6.8 months (range, 3.7-11.9 months). There was a 76.3% rate of any RTS; of the 1212 patients who reported level of play at return, 305 (25.2%) were unable to perform at their prior level. Psychological reasons were cited by 85% (n = 360) of patients who did not RTS. Fear of reinjury was the most common reason (n = 154; 42.8%); other psychological factors included lack of confidence (n = 46; 12.8%), anxiety (n = 45; 12.5%), depression (n = 44; 12.2%), psychosocial factors (n = 48; 13.3%), and lack of motivation (n = 23; 6.4%). The Shoulder Instability Return to Sport after Injury, Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index, Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms Self Report, Degree of Shoulder Involvement in Sports, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia-11, and Veterans Rand 12-Item Health Survey were reported measures for assessing psychology and RTS. Conclusion Fear of reinjury was found to be the most commonly reported impediment to RTS. The psychological characteristics identified through this review may be incorporated into future RTS protocols seeking to address resilience and nonphysical factors associated with RTS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Gibbs
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Noah Mallory
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Connor Hoge
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Grant Jones
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Julie Bishop
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Gregory Cvetanovich
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ryan Rauck
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Toop N, Dhaliwal J, Gifford CS, Gibbs D, Keister A, Miracle S, Forghani R, Grossbach AJ, Farhadi HF. Promotion of higher rates of early fusion using activated titanium versus polyetheretherketone cages in adults undergoing 1- and 2-level transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion procedures: a randomized controlled trial. J Neurosurg Spine 2023; 39:709-718. [PMID: 37542447 DOI: 10.3171/2023.6.spine23382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is ongoing debate on the relative benefits and drawbacks of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) versus titanium (Ti) in generating a bone-to-implant surface microenvironment conducive to osseointegration. Micro- and nanoscale internal and topographic cage modifications have recently been posited to facilitate osseointegration and fusion, but human in vivo confirmation remains lacking. The authors of this study sought to directly compare early radiological outcomes in adults undergoing 1- and 2-level transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) procedures using either PEEK or nano-etched Ti interbody cages with an incorporated microlattice structure. METHODS Patients were enrolled in a single academic center using a single-blind randomized controlled superiority design. Screening was undertaken from a pool of consecutive patients eligible for TLIF to undergo placement in a 1:1 ratio of either lordotic PEEK or activated Ti cages at each level of 1- or 2-level procedures. An a priori power analysis was performed and a preplanned interim analysis was undertaken once 50 of 70 patients were enrolled. Patient study data were collected perioperatively and uploaded to a Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) registry. Interbody fusion was assessed based on 6-month postoperative lumbar dual-energy CT (DECT) studies using the method of Brantigan and Steffee, as modified to describe the Fraser definition of locked pseudarthrosis (Brantigan-Steffee-Fraser [BSF] scale). RESULTS In the final cohort of 50 patients, 40 interbody levels implanted with PEEK cages were compared with 34 interbody levels with activated Ti cages. The trial was stopped early given the results of an interim analysis with respect to the primary outcome. Surgical parameters including number of levels treated, average cage height, and position were not different between groups. For the PEEK and activated Ti groups, 20.6% versus 84.0% demonstrated BSF grade 3 fusion on 6-month postoperative DECT imaging (p < 0.001). Subsidence at 6 months on DECT was identified in 12 (41.4%) of PEEK levels versus 5 (20.8%) of activated Ti levels (p < 0.001). BSF-3 grading was predictive of segmental stability and numeric rating scale (NRS) leg pain improvement at 1 year postoperatively. Oswestry Disability Index and NRS back and leg pain scores all improved similarly in both cohorts at 1 year postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS Activated Ti interbody cages mediate early fusion at significantly higher rates with lower rates of subsidence as compared with PEEK cages. These findings support the idea that interbody cage microscale properties, including surface topography, may play a primary role in facilitating osseointegration and fusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Toop
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - Joravar Dhaliwal
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - Connor S Gifford
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - David Gibbs
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - Alex Keister
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - Shelby Miracle
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - Reza Forghani
- 2Department of Radiology, Radiomics, and Augmented Intelligence Laboratory, Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Andrew J Grossbach
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - H Francis Farhadi
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; and
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hock BD, Goddard L, MacPherson SA, Strother M, Gibbs D, Pearson JF, McKenzie JL. Levels and in vitro functional effects of circulating anti-hinge antibodies in melanoma patients receiving the immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290793. [PMID: 37713423 PMCID: PMC10503750 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of PD-1 monoclonals such as pembrolizumab can be modulated by the signals delivered via their Fc region. Tumour/inflammation associated proteases can generate F(ab')2 fragments of therapeutic monoclonals, and subsequent recognition of F(ab')2 epitopes by circulating anti-hinge antibodies (AHA) can then, potentially, link F(ab')2 binding to the target antigen with novel Fc signalling. Although elevated in inflammatory diseases, AHA levels in cancer patients have not been investigated and functional studies utilising the full repertoire of AHA present in sera have been limited. AHA levels in pembrolizumab treated melanoma patients (n = 23) were therefore compared to those of normal donors and adalimumab treated patients. A subset of melanoma patients and the majority of adalimumab patients had elevated levels of AHA reactive with F(ab')2 fragments of IgG4 anti-PD-1 monoclonals (nivolumab, pembrolizumab) and IgG1 therapeutic monoclonals (rituximab, adalimumab). Survival analysis was restricted by the small patient numbers but those melanoma patients with the highest levels (>75% percentile, n = 5) of pembrolizumab-F(ab')2 reactive AHA had significantly better overall survival post pembrolizumab treatment (p = 0.039). In vitro functional studies demonstrated that the presence of AHA+ sera restored the neutrophil activating capacity of pembrolizumab to its F(ab')2 fragment. Neither pembrolizumab nor its F(ab')2 fragments can induce NK cell or complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). However, AHA+ sera in combination with pembrolizumab-F(ab')2 provided Fc regions that could activate NK cells. The ability of AHA+ sera to restore CDC activity was more restricted and observed using only one pembrolizumab and one adalimumab patient serum in combination with rituximab- F(ab')2. This study reports the presence of elevated AHA levels in pembrolizumab treated melanoma patients and highlight the potential for AHA to provide additional Fc signaling. The issue of whether tumour associated proteolysis of PD-1 mAbs and subsequent AHA recognition impacts on treatment efficacy requires further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barry D. Hock
- Haematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Liping Goddard
- Haematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Sean A. MacPherson
- Haematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Haematology Department, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Matthew Strother
- Canterbury Regional Cancer and Haematology Service, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - David Gibbs
- Canterbury Regional Cancer and Haematology Service, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - John F. Pearson
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Unit, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Judith L. McKenzie
- Haematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Goodman LF, Birnbaum Flyer Z, Schomberg J, Maginas M, Wallace E, Vukcevich O, Awan S, Gibbs D, Nahmias J, Guner YS. Electric bicycles (e-bikes) are an increasingly common pediatric public health problem. Surg Open Sci 2023; 14:46-51. [PMID: 37519328 PMCID: PMC10372360 DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Electric bicycles (e-bikes) achieve higher speeds than pedal bicycles, but few studies have investigated the impact on injury rates specific to the pediatric population. Utilizing the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS), we compared rates of pediatric injury for e-bikes, bicycles, and gas-engine bicycles (mopeds) from 2011 to 2020. Methods Descriptive and bivariate inferential analyses were performed upon NEISS estimates of e-bike, bicycle, and moped injuries in children aged 2-18 years. Analyses were stratified by patient age and helmet usage. The Mann-Kendall test of trends was used. Results We identified 3945 e-bike, 23,389 moped, and 2.05 million bicycle injuries. Over time, the incidence of injury increased for e-bikes (Kendall's τ=0.73, p = 0.004), decreased for pedal bicycles (Kendall's τ= - 0.91, p = 0.0003), and did not change for mopeds (Kendall's τ = 0.06, p = 0.85). Males accounted for 82.5 % of e-bike injuries. The age group most commonly affected by e-bike injury (44.3 %) was 10-13 years old. The proportion of injuries requiring hospitalization was significantly higher for e-bikes (11.5 %), compared to moped and bicycle (7.0 and 4.8 %, respectively, p < 0.0001). In cases where helmet use or absence was reported, 97.3 % of e-bike riders were without a helmet at the time of injury, compared to 82.1 % of pedal bicycle riders and 87.2 % of moped riders. Conclusions The rate of pediatric e-bike injuries increased over the study period. Compared to riders on pedal bicycles or mopeds, children on e-bikes had infrequent helmet use and increased rate of hospitalization. These findings suggest that attention to e-bike safety and increasing helmet usage are important to public health among the pediatric population. Level of evidence IV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura F. Goodman
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Zoe Birnbaum Flyer
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, United States
| | - John Schomberg
- Department of Nursing, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, United States
- CHOC Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Mary Maginas
- Department of Nursing, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Elizabeth Wallace
- CHOC Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Olivia Vukcevich
- School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, United States
| | - Saeed Awan
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, United States
| | - David Gibbs
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Jeffry Nahmias
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Division of Trauma, Burns, Critical Care, & Acute Care Surgery, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Yigit S. Guner
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Damante M, Huntoon K, Gibbs D, Pezzutti D, Olencki T, Elder JB. Association between systemic treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in renal cell carcinoma and reduced risk of brain metastasis development. Neurosurg Focus 2023; 55:E2. [PMID: 37527670 DOI: 10.3171/2023.5.focus23122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) efficacy in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) without brain metastases (BMs) is well established in several clinical trials; however, patients with BMs were typically excluded from these trials. Therefore, the efficacy of ICI in the treatment or prevention of BM remains unclear. The primary aim of the study was to address the efficacy of ICI in treatment of patients with RCC BMs compared with patients receiving targeted therapies. A secondary aim was to evaluate the risk of RCC BM development among patients who received ICI versus targeted therapies early in their treatment course. METHODS A retrospective single-center review between 2011 and 2018 identified 425 patients treated for metastatic RCC. The study group included patients who received ICI and/or targeted therapies during their disease. Data analyzed included demographic information, systemic treatments, overall survival from RCC diagnosis (OSRCC) and from BM diagnosis (OSBM), and BM development. Fisher's exact test was used to evaluate the frequency of BM occurrence. Survival was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests. RESULTS Of the 425 patients, 125 received ICI and 300 were treated with molecular targeted agents only during their clinical course. BMs occurred in 113 (9.5%) of the 425 patients. Among patients with BMs, OSRCC was improved with the use of ICI (77.2 vs 25.2 months, p < 0.001), with 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival rates of 93.9%, 81.8%, and 62.6%, respectively. The use of ICI was associated with increased OSBM (21.7 vs 8.9 months, p = 0.001). The rate of BM development was lower when patients were treated with ICI (8/100 [8.0%]) compared with targeted therapy (47/267 [17.6%]) (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.18-0.89; p = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS ICI was associated with improved OSRCC and OSBM in patients with BMs and decreased the probability of BM development in patients with metastatic RCC. Prospective trials are needed to further evaluate optimal use of ICI in treatment of RCC BMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Damante
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Kristin Huntoon
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - David Gibbs
- 2The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - Dante Pezzutti
- 2The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - Thomas Olencki
- 3Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - J Bradley Elder
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Damante MA, Gibbs D, Dibs K, Palmer JD, Raval R, Scharschmidt T, Chakravarti A, Bourekas E, Boulter D, Thomas E, Grecula J, Beyer S, Xu D, Nimjee S, Youssef P, Lonser R, Blakaj DM, Elder JB. Neoadjuvant Arterial Embolization of Spine Metastases Associated With Improved Local Control in Patients Receiving Surgical Decompression and Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy. Neurosurgery 2023; 93:320-329. [PMID: 36861971 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000002411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spine metastases often cause significant pain, instability, and/or neurological morbidity. Local control (LC) of spine metastases has been augmented with advances in systemic therapies, radiation, and surgical technique. Prior reports suggest an association between preoperative arterial embolization and improved LC and palliative pain control. OBJECTIVE To further elucidate the role of neoadjuvant embolization on LC of spine metastases and the potential for improved pain control in patients receiving surgery and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). METHOD A retrospective single-center review between 2012 and 2020 identified 117 patients with spinal metastases from various solid tumor malignancies managed with surgery and adjuvant SBRT with or without preoperative spinal arterial embolization. Demographic information, radiographic studies, treatment characteristics, Karnofsky Performance Score, Defensive Veterans Pain Rating Scale, and mean daily doses of analgesic medications were reviewed. LC was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging obtained at a median 3-month interval and defined as progression at the surgically treated vertebral level. RESULTS Of 117 patients, 47 (40.2%) underwent preoperative embolization, followed by surgery and SBRT and 70 (59.8%) underwent surgery and SBRT alone. Within the embolization cohort, the median LC was 14.2 months compared with 6.3 months among the nonembolization cohort ( P = .0434). Receiver operating characteristic analysis suggests ≥82.5% embolization predicted significantly improved LC (area under the curve = 0.808; P < .0001). Defensive Veterans Pain Rating Scale mean and maximum scores significantly decreased immediately after embolization ( P < .001). CONCLUSION Preoperative embolization was associated with improved LC and pain control suggesting a novel role for its use. Additional prospective study is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Damante
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - David Gibbs
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Khaled Dibs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Joshua D Palmer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Raju Raval
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Thomas Scharschmidt
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Arnab Chakravarti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Eric Bourekas
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Daniel Boulter
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Evan Thomas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - John Grecula
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sasha Beyer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - David Xu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Shahid Nimjee
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Patrick Youssef
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Russell Lonser
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Dukagjin M Blakaj
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - J Bradley Elder
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mallory N, Qin C, Gibbs D, Milliron E, Cavendish P, Magnussen RA, Flanigan DC. Horizontal Cleavage Meniscus Tears: Biomechanics, Indications, Techniques, and Outcomes. JBJS Rev 2023; 11:01874474-202308000-00006. [PMID: 37561839 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.rvw.23.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
» Accounting for up to 24% of all meniscus tears, horizontal cleavage tears (HCTs) are a common pathology orthopaedic practitioners should be comfortable managing.» Historically, HCTs were treated with partial meniscectomy; however, recent studies have demonstrated that these procedures have an adverse biomechanical effect, while HCT repairs restore the knee's natural biomechanics.» Indications for the surgical repair of HCTs remain disputed, but surgery is generally considered for young, active patients and older patients without significant concomitant osteoarthritis.» Early clinical findings surrounding HCT repair are promising. They suggest that this treatment adequately restores meniscus mechanics, leads to good knee functional outcomes, and results in a high likelihood of return to preinjury activity levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noah Mallory
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Charles Qin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - David Gibbs
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Eric Milliron
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Parker Cavendish
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Robert A Magnussen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - David C Flanigan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gruber MD, Gibbs D, Vignolles-Jeong J, Viljoen S, Grossbach AJ, Xu D. The Effects of Nicotine- and Cigarette-Related Products on Osteogenesis, Bone Formation, and Bone Mineralization: A Systematic Review. Neurosurgery 2023; 93:247-256. [PMID: 36815769 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000002412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many clinicians associate nicotine as the causative agent in the negative and deleterious effects of smoking on bone growth and spine fusion. Although nicotine is the primary driver of physiological addiction in smoking, isolated and controlled use of nicotine is one of the most effective adjuncts to quitting smoking. OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between nicotine and noncombustion cigarette products on bone growth. METHODS One thousand five studies were identified, of which 501 studies were excluded, leaving 504 studies available for review. Of note, 52 studies were deemed to be irrelevant. Four hundred fifty-two studies remained for eligibility assessment. Of the remaining 452, 218 failed to assess study outcomes, 169 failed to assess bone biology, 13 assessed 5 patients or fewer, and 12 were deemed to be ineligible of the study criteria. Forty studies remained for inclusion within this systematic review. RESULTS Of the 40 studies identified for inclusion within the study, 30 studies were classified as "Animal Basic Science," whereas the remaining 10 were categorized as "Human Basic Science." Of the 40 studies, 11 noted decreased cell proliferation and boney growth, whereas 8 showed an increase. Four studies noted an increase in gene expression products, whereas 11 noted a significant decrease. CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrate that nicotine has a variety of complex interactions on osteoblast and osteoclastic activities. Nicotine demonstrates dose-dependent effects on osteoblast proliferation, boney growth, and gene expression. Further study is warranted to extrapolate the effects of solitary nicotine on clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell D Gruber
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - David Gibbs
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Stephanus Viljoen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - David Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Patel AV, Stevens AJ, Mallory N, Gibbs D, Pallumeera M, Katayama E, Cvetanovich GL, Bishop JY, Rauck RC. Modern Applications of Machine Learning in Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Review. JBJS Rev 2023; 11:01874474-202307000-00003. [PMID: 37459425 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.rvw.22.00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
» There is increased integration of machine learning (ML) to aid clinical decision-making in orthopaedic surgery.» ML has the ability to predict both clinical outcomes such as range of motion and complications in total shoulder arthroplasty patients.» An increased area of focus is the ability for ML to identify implants to aid in revision surgery planning.» In this article, we review the current applications of ML in shoulder arthroplasty and discuss future areas where it may enhance orthopaedic practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akshar V Patel
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gibbs D, Grossbach AJ, Mallory N, Toop N, Viljoen S. Delayed stenosis associated with sublaminar band placement in the thoracic spine for proximal junctional kyphosis. Surg Neurol Int 2023; 14:211. [PMID: 37404519 PMCID: PMC10316135 DOI: 10.25259/sni_375_2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Proximal junctional thoracic kyphosis (PJK) is common following adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery and may require revision operations. In this case series, we present delayed complications associated with the use of sublaminar banding (SLBs) for PJK prophylaxis. Case Description Three patients underwent long-segment thoracolumbar decompression and fusions for ASD. All had undergone SLB placement for PJK prophylaxis. All three subsequently developed neurologic complications secondary to cephalad spinal cord compression/stenosis requiring urgent revision surgery. Conclusion The placement of SLBs placed to prevent PJK may lead to sublaminar inflammation contributing to severe cephalad spinal canal stenosis and myelopathy following ASD surgery. Surgeons should be aware of this potential complication and may consider alternatives to SLB placement to avoid this complication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Gibbs
- Department of Neurological Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University,Columbus, United States
| | - Andrew James Grossbach
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, United States
| | - Noah Mallory
- Department of Neurological Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University,Columbus, United States
| | - Nathaniel Toop
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, United States
| | - Stephanus Viljoen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lee SH, Contreras Panta EW, Gibbs D, Won Y, Min J, Zhang C, Roland JT, Hong SH, Sohn Y, Krystofiak E, Jang B, Ferri L, Sangwan V, Ragoussis J, Camilleri-Broët S, Caruso J, Chen-Tanyolac C, Strasser M, Gascard P, Tlsty TD, Huang S, Choi E, Goldenring JR. Apposition of fibroblasts with metaplastic gastric cells promotes dysplastic transition. Gastroenterology 2023:S0016-5085(23)00731-X. [PMID: 37196797 PMCID: PMC10375042 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Elements of field cancerization including atrophic gastritis, metaplasia and dysplasia promote gastric cancer development in association with chronic inflammation. However, it remains unclear how stroma changes during carcinogenesis and how the stroma contributes to progression of gastric preneoplasia. Here we investigated heterogeneity of fibroblasts, one of the most important elements in the stroma, and their roles in neoplastic transformation of metaplasia. METHODS We utilized single cell transcriptomics to evaluate the cellular heterogeneity of mucosal cells from human gastric cancer patients. Tissue sections from the same cohort and tissue microarrays were used to identify the geographical distribution of distinct fibroblast subsets. We further evaluated the role of fibroblasts from pathologic mucosa in dysplastic progression of metaplastic cells using patient-derived metaplastic gastroids and fibroblasts. RESULTS We identified four subsets of fibroblasts within stromal cells defined by the differential expression of PDGFRA, FBLN2, ACTA2 or PDGFRB. Each subset was distributed distinctively throughout stomach tissues with different proportions at each pathologic stage. The PDGFRα+ subset expanded in metaplasia and cancer compared with normal, maintaining a close proximity with the epithelial compartment. Co-culture of metaplasia- or cancer-derived fibroblasts with gastroids showing the characteristics of spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM) induced disordered growth, loss of metaplastic markers and increases in markers of dysplasia. Culture of metaplastic gastroids with conditioned media from metaplasia- or cancer-derived fibroblasts also promoted dysplastic transition. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that fibroblast associations with metaplastic epithelial cells can facilitate direct transition of metaplastic SPEM cell lineages into dysplastic lineages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hyung Lee
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Ela W Contreras Panta
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - David Gibbs
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Yoonkyung Won
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Jimin Min
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Joseph T Roland
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Se-Hoon Hong
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Yoojin Sohn
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Evan Krystofiak
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Bogun Jang
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States; Department of Pathology, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Lorenzo Ferri
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Veena Sangwan
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jiannis Ragoussis
- McGill Genome Centre, Department of Human Genetics, Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Institute of Genomic Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sophie Camilleri-Broët
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Joseph Caruso
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Chira Chen-Tanyolac
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | | | - Philippe Gascard
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Thea D Tlsty
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Sui Huang
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Eunyoung Choi
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - James R Goldenring
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Nashville VA Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tai K, Pal S, Bérubé J, Kong I, Hoffman A, Bailey S, Kirbizakis A, Huang S, Strasser M, Gibbs D, Bertos N, Sangwan V, Ferri L. Abstract 5959: Dissecting the stromal drivers of gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma chemoresistance. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-5959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) is the fastest rising cancer in North America. Over the course of five years, the survival rate is <20%, creating an urgent need for appropriate treatments against GEA. Currently, providing patients with peri-operative systemic docetaxel triplet-based chemotherapy (DCF or FLOT) is the most effective approach to treat GEA. Despite this, for 50% of patients that do present an initial response to therapy, the tumor returns due to pre-existing or newly acquired resistance (i.e., chemoresistance) by the cancer. Researchers have shifted their focus to the tumor microenvironment (TME) as one of the factors influencing chemoresistance in patients. The TME is composed of tumor cells, immune cells and their secreted products, as well as fibroblasts. The components of the TME have been shown to interact with one another to influence tumor growth and progression. Fibroblasts are wound-healing cells that can be transformed into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in response to stress and the release of inflammatory products. CAFs are the most abundant cells in the TME, yet their role in the chemoresponse of GEA is still unclear. Previous studies on other cancer types demonstrated that CAF expression is distinct between chemoresistant and chemo-sensitive tumors and certain CAF subpopulations may confer this resistance. This project will investigate the role of CAFs in the chemo-response of GEA using patient-derived organoids (PDOs) and CAFs from >200 GEA patients. A single-cell RNA sequencing atlas developed from >30 GEA DCF- or FLOT-treated patient samples will be used to identify CAF markers and targetable processes. CAF sub-populations will then be elucidated and correlated to tumor response. IF, FACS, and ELISA will be performed for subsequent CAF marker validation and characterization. Ex vivo drug testing with DCF or FLOT will be conducted on PDO-CAF co-cultures to recapitulate their drug response.
Citation Format: Kulsum Tai, Sanjima Pal, Julie Bérubé, Iris Kong, Adam Hoffman, Swneke Bailey, Aki Kirbizakis, Sui Huang, Michael Strasser, David Gibbs, Nicholas Bertos, Veena Sangwan, Lorenzo Ferri. Dissecting the stromal drivers of gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma chemoresistance [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5959.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kulsum Tai
- 1McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sanjima Pal
- 1McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julie Bérubé
- 1McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Iris Kong
- 1McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Adam Hoffman
- 1McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Swneke Bailey
- 1McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aki Kirbizakis
- 1McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sui Huang
- 2Institute of Systems Biology, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | - Nicholas Bertos
- 1McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Veena Sangwan
- 1McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lorenzo Ferri
- 1McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gibbs D, Toop N, Grossbach AJ, Keister A, Mallory N, Hatef B, Weinberg J, Viljoen S, Xu D. Electronic versus paper patient-reported outcome measure compliance rates: A retrospective analysis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2023; 226:107618. [PMID: 36773533 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2023.107618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are key tools used to inform clinical research and patient-centered care. Application of data collected from PROMs, however, may be limited by incomplete responses, and little is known regarding the efficacy of varied PROM delivery methods. The objective of this study was to compare PROMs compliance when delivered via paper and electronic formats. METHODS Elective adult spinal deformity patients were screened for inclusion. Data collected included demographics, type of surgery, PROMs compliance, and discharge care. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis (MVA) were performed to compare pre- and postoperative compliance rates. RESULTS Of the 474 included patients, 177 were administered paper PROMs, while 297 were electronic. Preoperatively, 101 patients (57.1%) had any portion of their paper PROMs available; 179 (60.3%) had any of their electronic PROMs available (p = 0.492). Among all patients, 76 (42.9%) and 170 (57.2%) had all of their completed preop PROMs available (p = 0.003). Among patients with any of their preop PROMs completed, 75.2% with paper and 95.0% with electronic were completed in their entirety (p < 0.001). Similar trends were observed among postoperative PROMs. MVA demonstrated electronic delivery as the only significant correlate with pre- and post-operative PROMs compliance (p < 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively). CONCLUSIONS No differences were observed across modalities when considering any available PROMs, yet electronic PROM delivery was associated with higher completion of PROMs. In order to improve the quality of patient-reported data, electronic delivery with alternative methods of quality improvement may be considered to increase PROMs retention rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Gibbs
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Nathaniel Toop
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andrew J Grossbach
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Noah Mallory
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Benjamin Hatef
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Joshua Weinberg
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Stephanus Viljoen
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - David Xu
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbus, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Toop N, Dhaliwal J, Grossbach A, Gibbs D, Reddy N, Keister A, Mallory N, Xu D, Viljoen S. Subsidence Rates Associated With Porous 3D-Printed Versus Solid Titanium Cages in Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion. Global Spine J 2023:21925682231157762. [PMID: 36786680 DOI: 10.1177/21925682231157762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Retrospective Cohort Study. OBJECTIVE To determine whether 3D-printed porous titanium (3DPT) interbody cages offer any clinical or radiographic advantage over standard solid titanium (ST) interbody cages in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusions (TLIF). METHODS A consecutive series of adult patients undergoing one- or two-level TLIF with either 3DPT or ST "banana" cages were analyzed for patient reported outcome measures (PROMs), radiographic complications, and clinical complications. Exclusion criteria included clinical or radiographic follow-up less than 1 year. RESULTS The final cohort included 90 ST interbody levels from 74 patients, and 73 3DPT interbody levels from 50 patients for a total of 124 patients. Baseline demographic variables and comorbidity rates were similar between groups (P > .05). Subsidence of any grade occurred more frequently in the ST group compared with the 3DPT group (24.4% vs 5.5%, respectively, P = .001). Further, the ST group was more likely to have higher grades of subsidence than the 3DPT group (P = .009). All PROMs improved similarly after surgery and revision rates did not differ between groups (both P > .05). On multivariate analysis, significant positive correlators with increasing subsidence grade included greater age (P = .015), greater body mass index (P = .043), osteoporosis/osteopenia (P < .027), and ST cage type (P = .019). CONCLUSIONS When considering interbody material for TLIF, both ST and 3DPT cages performed well; however, 3DPT cages were associated with lower rates of subsidence. The clinical relevance of these findings deserves further randomized, prospective investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Toop
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Joravar Dhaliwal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andrew Grossbach
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - David Gibbs
- Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nihaal Reddy
- Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Noah Mallory
- Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - David Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Stephanus Viljoen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gibbs D, Bayley J, Grossbach AJ, Xu DS. Lateral Retropleural Thoracic Diskectomy for a Calcified Herniated Disk: 2-Dimensional Operative Video. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2023; 24:e107. [PMID: 36227188 DOI: 10.1227/ons.0000000000000461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David Gibbs
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - James Bayley
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew J Grossbach
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - David S Xu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Toop N, Gifford CS, McGahan BG, Gibbs D, Miracle S, Schwab JM, Motiei-Langroudi R, Farhadi HF. Influence of clinical and radiological parameters on the likelihood of neurological improvement after surgery for degenerative cervical myelopathy. J Neurosurg Spine 2023; 38:14-23. [PMID: 35986727 DOI: 10.3171/2022.6.spine2234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is routinely treated with surgical decompression, but disparate postoperative outcomes are frequently observed, ranging from complete neurological recovery to persistent decline. Although numerous clinical and radiological factors have been independently associated with failure to improve, the relative impact of these proposed risk factors remains obscure. In this study, the authors assess the combined role of clinical and radiographic parameters in contributing to failure to attain neurological improvement after surgery. METHODS A consecutive series of patients who underwent surgery for DCM between July 2013 and August 2018 at a single institution was identified from a prospectively maintained database. Retrospective chart review was undertaken to record perioperative clinical and radiographic parameters. Failure to improve on the last follow-up evaluation after surgery, defined as a change in modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) score less than 2, was the primary outcome in univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS The authors included 183 patients in the final cohort. In total, 109 (59.6%) patients improved (i.e., responders with ΔmJOA score ≥ 2) after surgery and 74 (40.4%) were nonresponders with ΔmJOA score < 2. Baseline demographic variables and comorbidity rates were similar, whereas baseline Nurick score was the only clinical variable that differed between responders and nonresponders (2.7 vs 3.0, p = 0.02). In contrast, several preoperative radiographic variables differed between the groups, including presence and degree of cervical kyphosis, number of levels with bidirectional cord compression, presence and number of levels with T2-weighted signal change, intramedullary lesion (IML) length, Torg ratio, and both narrowest spinal canal and cord diameter. On multivariate analysis, preoperative degree of kyphosis at C2-7 (OR 1.19, p = 0.004), number of levels with bidirectional compression (OR 1.83, p = 0.003), and IML length (OR 1.14, p < 0.001) demonstrated the highest predictive power for nonresponse (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.818). A risk factor point system that predicted failure of improvement was derived by incorporating these 3 variables. CONCLUSIONS When a large spectrum of both clinical and radiographic variables is considered, the degree of cervical kyphosis, number of levels with bidirectional compression, and IML length are the most predictive of nonresponse after surgery for DCM. Assessment of these radiographic factors can help guide surgical decision-making and more appropriately stratify patients in clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Toop
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus; and
| | - Connor S Gifford
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus; and
| | - Ben G McGahan
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus; and
| | - David Gibbs
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus; and
| | - Shelby Miracle
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus; and
| | - Jan M Schwab
- 2Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Rouzbeh Motiei-Langroudi
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus; and
| | - H Francis Farhadi
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus; and
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Black C, Gibbs D, McEwan J, Kanczler J, Fernández MP, Tozzi G, Dawson J, Oreffo R. Comparison of bone formation mediated by bone morphogenetic protein delivered by nanoclay gels with clinical techniques (autograft and InductOs ®) in an ovine bone model. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221113746. [PMID: 36147728 PMCID: PMC9486279 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221113746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of a growth factor delivery vehicle providing appropriate temporal-spatial release together with an appropriate preclinical large animal model to evaluate bone formation is critical in the development of delivery strategies for bone tissue regeneration. Smectite nanoclays such as LAPONITE™ possess unique thixotropic and protein retention properties offering promise for use in growth factor delivery in bone repair and regeneration. This study has examined bone formation mediated by a clinically approved growth factor delivery system (InductOs®) in combination with Laponite gel in an aged female ovine femoral condyle defect preclinical model (10 weeks). Two different designs, one containing a low volume of Laponite gel (LLG) in combination with the InductOs® absorbable collagen sponge (ACS), the other in which Laponite gel formed the implant (HLG), were compared against InductOs® alone and an autograft positive control. Thus, five groups: (i) empty defect, (ii) autograft, (iii) BMP2 + ACS, (iv) BMP2 + ACS + LLG and (v) BMP2 + HLG + ACS were examined in 9 mm × 12 mm defects performed bilaterally in the medial femoral condyles of 24 aged (>5 years) sheep. Bone formation within the defect was assessed using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), digital volume correlation (DVC) for biomechanical characterisation as well as histology. The autograft and InductOs® mediated enhanced bone formation (p < 0001) compared to blank controls, while no significant differences were observed between the Laponite/Collagen/BMP delivery vehicles. However, the current study illustrated the excellent biocompatibility of Laponite and its ability to deliver localised active BMP-2, with the opportunity for improved efficacy with further optimisation. Interestingly, DVC-computed strain distributions indicated that the regenerated bone structure is mechanically adapted to bear external loads from the early remodelling stages of the bone reparation cascade. The current studies of selected nanoclay delivery platforms for BMP, assessed in a clinically relevant large animal model auger well for the development of bone fracture therapeutics for an ageing population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Black
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre
for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development & Health,
Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton,
UK
| | - David Gibbs
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre
for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development & Health,
Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton,
UK
| | - Josephine McEwan
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre
for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development & Health,
Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton,
UK
| | - Janos Kanczler
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre
for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development & Health,
Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton,
UK
| | - Marta Peña Fernández
- Institute of Mechanical, Process and
Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot Watt University,
Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gianluca Tozzi
- Zeiss Global Centre, School of
Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Jonathan Dawson
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre
for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development & Health,
Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton,
UK
| | - Richard Oreffo
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre
for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development & Health,
Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton,
UK,College of Biomedical Engineering,
China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,Richard Oreffo, Bone & Joint Research
Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human
Development & Health, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of
Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Maggio D, Grossbach A, Gibbs D, Moranville R, Toop N, Xu D, Viljoen S. Spinal deformity correction in ankylosing spondylitis. Surg Neurol Int 2022; 13:138. [PMID: 35509590 PMCID: PMC9062901 DOI: 10.25259/sni_254_2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a complex, debilitating disease with few available medical therapies in its later stages.
Methods:
We reviewed current clinical approaches for caring for AS patients with an emphasis on the risks and outcomes associated with surgical intervention.
Results:
It is critical to understand the natural history and surgical outcomes of patient with AS. Surgery is not without risks, as a vertebral body osteotomy is often required to re-establish spinopelvic equilibrium. However, surgery can lead to clinical improvements in pain, disability, cardiac function, respiration, digestion, and sexual activity.
Conclusion:
Deformity correction for AS should be carefully considered in symptomatic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Maggio
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center,
| | - Andrew Grossbach
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center,
| | - David Gibbs
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Robert Moranville
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Nathaniel Toop
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center,
| | - David Xu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center,
| | - Stephanus Viljoen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center,
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Ahmed SM, Anise A, Azzahir A, Baker KE, Cupito A, Eder M, Everette TD, Erwin K, Felzien M, Freeman E, Gibbs D, Greene-Moton E, Hernández-Cancio S, Hwang A, Jones F, Jones G, Jones M, Khodyakov D, Michener JL, Milstein B, Oto-Kent DS, Orban M, Pusch B, Shah M, Shaw M, Tarrant J, Wallerstein N, Westfall JM, Williams A, Zaldivar R. Assessing Meaningful Community Engagement: A Conceptual Model to Advance Health Equity through Transformed Systems for Health: Organizing Committee for Assessing Meaningful Community Engagement in Health & Health Care Programs & Policies. NAM Perspect 2022; 2022:202202c. [PMID: 35891775 PMCID: PMC9303007 DOI: 10.31478/202202c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Elmer Freeman
- Center for Community Health Education Research and Service
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Toop N, Grossbach A, Gibbs D, Akhter A, Keister A, Maggio D, Oosten J, Deistler K, Gilkey T, Farhadi HF, Viljoen S. Static cage morphology in short-segment transforaminal lumbar interbody fusions is associated with alterations in foraminal height but not clinical outcomes. World Neurosurg 2021; 159:e389-e398. [PMID: 34954441 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.12.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Steerable "banana" cages have been posited to increase segmental lordosis in short-segment transforaminal lumbar interbody fusions (TLIF). The same is not necessarily true for straight "bullet" cages. While increased lordosis is generally thought to be advantageous, a potential complication is decreased foraminal height. Here we evaluate for any association between cage type and change in foraminal height and clinical outcomes following short-segment TLIFs. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed consecutive one- and two-level TLIFs with bilateral facetectomies with minimum one-year clinical and radiographic follow-up. Two cohorts were based on cage morphology: steerable "banana" cage or straight "bullet" cage. Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs), radiographic measurements, and revision rates were compared. RESULTS 46 patients with 53 straight and 95 patients with 131 steerable cage levels were included. Steerable cages showed increased segmental lordosis (9.1 vs 13.5°, p<0.001) and decreased foraminal height (20.3 vs 18.5 mm, p<0.001) after surgery. Straight cages demonstrated similar segmental lordosis (8.7 vs 8.1°, p=0.30) and foraminal height (19.4 vs 20.0 mm, p=0.065). Both cohorts showed improved PROMs at last follow-up (p≤0.005). Sub-analysis comparing patients that had increased or decreased foraminal height revealed similarly improved PROMs between cohorts. Revision rates at one-year were similar between cohorts (4.3% for straight and 3.2% for steerable group, p=0.72). CONCLUSION Although the increased segmental lordosis afforded by placement of steerable cages may decrease foraminal height after short segment TLIF, clinical outcomes are not negatively affected by this association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Toop
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Andrew Grossbach
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - David Gibbs
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Asad Akhter
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Alexander Keister
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Dominic Maggio
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - James Oosten
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Kyle Deistler
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Ty Gilkey
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - H Francis Farhadi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.
| | - Stephanus Viljoen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
McGahan BG, Hatef J, Gibbs D, Leonard J, Menousek J, Thorell WE, Powers CJ. Correlation Between Neurosurgical Residency Written Board Scores and Case Logs. World Neurosurg 2021; 155:e236-e239. [PMID: 34419657 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are few objective measures for evaluating individual performance throughout surgical residency. Two commonly used objective measures are the case log numbers and written board examination scores. The objective of this study was to investigate possible correlations between these measures. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of the American Board of Neurological Surgery (ABNS) written board scores and the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education case logs of 27 recent alumni from neurologic surgery residency training programs at The Ohio State Wexner Medical Center and the University of Nebraska Medical Center. RESULTS The number of spine cases logged was significantly correlated with the ABNS written examination performance in univariate linear regression (r2 = 0.182, P = 0.0265). However, case numbers from all other neurosurgical subspecialties did not significantly correlate with ABNS written board performance (P > 0.1). CONCLUSIONS Identifying which objective measures correlate most closely with resident education could help optimize the structure of residency training programs. We believe that early exposure to focused aspects of neurosurgery helps the young resident learn quickly and efficiently and ultimately score highly on standardized examinations. Therefore program directors may want to ensure focused exposure during the early years of residency, with particular attention to worthwhile rotations in spine neurosurgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben G McGahan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.
| | - Jeffrey Hatef
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - David Gibbs
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey Leonard
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Joseph Menousek
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - William E Thorell
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Ciarán J Powers
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Farzaneh C, Schomberg J, Sullivan B, Yu PT, Loudon W, Duong WQ, Gibbs D, Guner YS. Analysis of Unintentional Falls in Pediatric Population and Predictors of Morbidity. J Surg Res 2021; 267:48-55. [PMID: 34130238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Unintentional falls are a leading cause of pediatric traumatic injury. This study evaluates clinical outcomes of fall-related injuries in children under the age of 10. METHODS The National Trauma Database was queried for children who experienced an unintentional fall. Patients were stratified by age in two groups: 1-5 and 6-10 years old. The primary outcome was post discharge extension of care, defined as transfer to skilled nursing facility or rehabilitation center after discharge from the hospital. Descriptive statistics and a multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to compare the two groups. RESULTS From 2009 to 2016, a total of 8,277 pediatric patients experienced an unintentional fall, with 93.6% of patients being discharged home. Falls were more common in younger children, with greater odds of post discharge extension of care. Predictors of increased associated risk of extended medical care included intracranial hemorrhage (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.03-1.06) and thoracic injuries (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.1.05) (P< 0.05). Mortality in pediatric patients suffering unintentional falls was a rare event occurring in 0.7% of cases in children 1-5 years old and 0.4% of children 6-10 years old. CONCLUSION The majority of children experiencing an unintentional fall are discharged home, with mortality being very rare. However, younger age is prone to more severe and serious injury patterns. Intracranial hemorrhage and thoracic injury were a predictor of need for extended medical care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cyrus Farzaneh
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Burns, and Surgical Critical Care, University of California Irvine, Orange, California.
| | - John Schomberg
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California
| | - Brittany Sullivan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Burns, and Surgical Critical Care, University of California Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Peter T Yu
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California
| | - William Loudon
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California
| | - William Q Duong
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Burns, and Surgical Critical Care, University of California Irvine, Orange, California
| | - David Gibbs
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California
| | - Yigit S Guner
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sharma S, Wong D, Schomberg J, Knudsen-Robbins C, Gibbs D, Berkowitz C, Heyming T. COVID-19: Differences in sentinel injury and child abuse reporting during a pandemic. Child Abuse Negl 2021; 116:104990. [PMID: 33707071 PMCID: PMC8446928 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.104990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES There is widespread concern that the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the incidence of child maltreatment. However, reports in the scientific literature documenting rates of child maltreatment during this period are scarce. This study was designed to explore whether the incidence of child maltreatment among patients presenting to a pediatric emergency department has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of patients of all ages presenting to a pediatric Emergency Department trauma center, who also had a child abuse report filing or a sentinel injury diagnosis related to their index visit. All such patients who presented to this institution from March through July of 2017 through 2020 were included in the study. RESULTS Analysis demonstrated an increase in the incidence of child maltreatment in May and June of 2020 and that there was an overall shift in distribution of types of child maltreatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. There was a significant increase in the proportion of emotional/psychological abuse (2.52 % before the pandemic to 7.00 % during the pandemic, p ≤ 0.0001) and non-medical neglect (31.5%-40.0%, p ≤ 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS We observed an increase in specific types of child maltreatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings highlight the need for increased attention to children at risk for child abuse and neglect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daphne Wong
- Children's Health of Orange County, Orange, CA, United States
| | - John Schomberg
- Children's Health of Orange County, Orange, CA, United States
| | | | - David Gibbs
- Children's Health of Orange County, Orange, CA, United States
| | | | - Theodore Heyming
- Children's Health of Orange County, Orange, CA, United States; Emergency Department, University of California, Irvine, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Toth EG, Gibbs D, Moczygemba J, McLeod A. Decision tree modeling in R software to aid clinical decision making. Health Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12553-021-00542-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
31
|
Kanamori LM, Guner Y, Gibbs D, Schomberg J. Are routine chest X-rays following chest tube removal necessary in asymptomatic pediatric patients? Pediatr Surg Int 2021; 37:631-637. [PMID: 33385243 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-020-04809-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine if routine chest X-rays (CXRs) performed after chest tube (CT) removal in pediatric patients provide additional benefit for clinical management compared to observation of symptoms alone. METHODS A single-center retrospective study was conducted of inpatients, 18 years or younger, who had a CT managed by the pediatric surgery team between July 2017 and May 2019. The study compared two groups: (1) patients who received a post-pull CXR and (2) those who did not. The primary outcome of the study was the need for intervention after CT removal. RESULTS 102 patients had 116 CTs and met inclusion criteria; 79 post-pull CXRs were performed; the remaining 37 CT pulls did not have a follow-up CXR. No patients required CT replacement or surgery in the absence of symptoms. Three patients exhibited clinical symptoms that would have prompted intervention regardless of post-pull CXR results. One patient had an intervention guided by post-pull CXR results alone. Meanwhile, another patient had delayed onset of symptoms and intervention. No patients required an intervention in the group that did not have a post-pull CXR. CONCLUSION Chest X-ray after CT removal had a very low yield for changing clinical management of asymptomatic patients. Clinical symptoms predict the need for an intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Kanamori
- Division of Pediatric General, Thoracic and Trauma Surgery, CHOC Children's Hospital of Orange County, 505 South Main Street, Suite 225, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.
| | - Yigit Guner
- Division of Pediatric General, Thoracic and Trauma Surgery, CHOC Children's Hospital of Orange County, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Department of Surgery, 505 South Main Street, Suite 225, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| | - David Gibbs
- Division of Pediatric General, Thoracic and Trauma Surgery, CHOC Children's Hospital of Orange County, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Department of Surgery, 505 South Main Street, Suite 225, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| | - John Schomberg
- Department of Clinical Education and Professional Development, CHOC Children's Hospital of Orange County, 1201 W. La Veta Avenue, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Stickley L, Gibbs D. Physical Therapy and Health Information Management Students: Perceptions of an Online Interprofessional Education Experience. Perspect Health Inf Manag 2020; 18:1f. [PMID: 33633516 PMCID: PMC7883362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study described the results of online interprofessional education (IPE) between physical therapy and health information management students. Using the published Student Perceptions of Interprofessional Clinical Education - Revised, version 2 (SPICE-R2) survey, this study measured changes in perception about IPE before and after three online interactions. Survey results included an overall score and three factors: Interprofessional Teamwork and Team-Based Practice (T), Roles/Responsibilities for Collaborative Practice (R), and Patient Outcomes from Collaborative Practice (O). Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance tests using time and program as factors. The overall scores improved significantly for time (ρ=.019). The T factor demonstrated a significant change for program (ρ=.006) and the R factor improved significantly over time (ρ=.005) and by program (ρ=.022). Narrative student comments focused on role and responsibility clarification, communication and coordination, and participation in a realistic experience involving multiple professions. The students believed that the experience was beneficial and important.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lois Stickley
- is an associate professor at Texas State University College of Health Professions in the Department of Physical Therapy
| | - David Gibbs
- is an assistant professor at Texas State University College of Health Professions in the Department of Health Information Management
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Cook-Patton SC, Leavitt SM, Gibbs D, Harris NL, Lister K, Anderson-Teixeira KJ, Briggs RD, Chazdon RL, Crowther TW, Ellis PW, Griscom HP, Herrmann V, Holl KD, Houghton RA, Larrosa C, Lomax G, Lucas R, Madsen P, Malhi Y, Paquette A, Parker JD, Paul K, Routh D, Roxburgh S, Saatchi S, van den Hoogen J, Walker WS, Wheeler CE, Wood SA, Xu L, Griscom BW. Mapping carbon accumulation potential from global natural forest regrowth. Nature 2020; 585:545-550. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2686-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
34
|
Yaghmaei E, Ehwerhemuepha L, Feaster W, Gibbs D, Rakovski C. A multicenter mixed-effects model for inference and prediction of 72-h return visits to the emergency department for adult patients with trauma-related diagnoses. J Orthop Surg Res 2020; 15:331. [PMID: 32795327 PMCID: PMC7427714 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-020-01863-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Emergency department (ED) return visits within 72 h may be a sign of poor quality of care and entail unnecessary use of healthcare resources. In this study, we compare the performance of two leading statistical and machine learning classification algorithms, and we use the best performing approach to identify novel risk factors of ED return visits. Methods We analyzed 3.2 million ED encounters with at least one diagnosis under “injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes” and “external causes of morbidity.” These encounters included patients 18 years or older from across 128 emergency room facilities in the USA. For each encounter, we calculated the 72-h ED return status and retrieved 57 features from demographics, diagnoses, procedures, and medications administered during the process of administration of medical care. We implemented a mixed-effects model to assess the effects of the covariates while accounting for the hierarchical structure of the data. Additionally, we investigated the predictive accuracy of the extreme gradient boosting tree ensemble approach and compared the performance of the two methods. Results The mixed-effects model indicates that certain blunt force and non-blunt trauma inflates the risk of a return visit. Notably, patients with trauma to the head and patients with burns and corrosions have elevated risks. This is in addition to 11 other classes of both blunt force and non-blunt force traumas. In addition, prior healthcare resource utilization, patients who have had one or more prior return visits within the last 6 months, prior ED visits, and the number of hospitalizations within the 6 months are associated with increased risk of returning to the ED after discharge. On the one hand, the area under the receiver characteristic curve (AUROC) of the mixed-effects model was 0.710 (0.707, 0.712). On the other hand, the gradient boosting tree ensemble had a lower AUROC of 0.698 CI (0.696, 0.700) on the independent test model. Conclusions The proposed mixed-effects model achieved the highest known AUC and resulted in the identification of novel risk factors. The model outperformed one of the leading machine learning ensemble classifiers, the extreme gradient boosting tree in terms of model performance. The risk factors we identified can assist emergency departments to decrease the number of unplanned return visits within 72 h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Yaghmaei
- CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.,Schmid College of Science & Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Louis Ehwerhemuepha
- CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, 92868, USA. .,Schmid College of Science & Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA.
| | | | | | - Cyril Rakovski
- Schmid College of Science & Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Gibbs D. Book Review: Human Operators: A Critical Oral History on Technology in Libraries and Archives. Journal of Librarianship and Scholarly Communication 2020. [DOI: 10.7710/2162-3309.2370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This ambitious book captures an oral history of technology in libraries from the late 20th to the early 21st centuries.
Collapse
|
36
|
Harniess P, Gibbs D, Basu A, Bezemer J. Optimising parental engagement in early intervention physical therapy for infants with cerebral palsy - a realist synthesis. Physiotherapy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2020.03.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
37
|
Peña Fernández M, Black C, Dawson J, Gibbs D, Kanczler J, Oreffo ROC, Tozzi G. Exploratory Full-Field Strain Analysis of Regenerated Bone Tissue from Osteoinductive Biomaterials. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:E168. [PMID: 31906343 PMCID: PMC6981952 DOI: 10.3390/ma13010168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials for bone regeneration are constantly under development, and their application in critical-sized defects represents a promising alternative to bone grafting techniques. However, the ability of all these materials to produce bone mechanically comparable with the native tissue remains unclear. This study aims to explore the full-field strain evolution in newly formed bone tissue produced in vivo by different osteoinductive strategies, including delivery systems for BMP-2 release. In situ high-resolution X-ray micro-computed tomography (microCT) and digital volume correlation (DVC) were used to qualitatively assess the micromechanics of regenerated bone tissue. Local strain in the tissue was evaluated in relation to the different bone morphometry and mineralization for specimens (n = 2 p/treatment) retrieved at a single time point (10 weeks in vivo). Results indicated a variety of load-transfer ability for the different treatments, highlighting the mechanical adaptation of bone structure in the early stages of bone healing. Although exploratory due to the limited sample size, the findings and analysis reported herein suggest how the combination of microCT and DVC can provide enhanced understanding of the micromechanics of newly formed bone produced in vivo, with the potential to inform further development of novel bone regeneration approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Peña Fernández
- School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, UK;
| | - Cameron Black
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (C.B.); (J.D.); (D.G.); (J.K.); (R.O.C.O.)
| | - Jon Dawson
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (C.B.); (J.D.); (D.G.); (J.K.); (R.O.C.O.)
| | - David Gibbs
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (C.B.); (J.D.); (D.G.); (J.K.); (R.O.C.O.)
- School of Maritime Science and Engineering, Solent University, Southampton SO14 0YN, UK
| | - Janos Kanczler
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (C.B.); (J.D.); (D.G.); (J.K.); (R.O.C.O.)
| | - Richard O. C. Oreffo
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (C.B.); (J.D.); (D.G.); (J.K.); (R.O.C.O.)
| | - Gianluca Tozzi
- School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, UK;
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Rothenbücher TS, Ledin J, Gibbs D, Engqvist H, Persson C, Hulsart-Billström G. Zebrafish embryo as a replacement model for initial biocompatibility studies of biomaterials and drug delivery systems. Acta Biomater 2019; 100:235-243. [PMID: 31585201 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of new biomaterials and drug delivery systems necessitates animal experimentation to demonstrate biocompatibility and therapeutic efficacy. Reduction and replacement of the requirement to conduct experiment using full-grown animals has been achieved through utilising zebrafish embryos, a promising bridge model between in vitro and in vivo research. In this review, we consider how zebrafish embryos have been utilised to test both the biocompatibility of materials developed to interact with the human body and drug release studies. Furthermore, we outline the advantages and limitations of this model and review legal and ethical issues. We anticipate increasing application of the zebrafish model for biomaterial evaluation in the near future. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This review aims to evaluate the potential application and suitability of the zebrafish model in the development of biomaterials and drug delivery systems. It creates scientific impact and interest because replacement models are desirable to the society and the scientific community. The continuous development of biomaterials calls for the need to provide solutions for biological testing. This review covers the topic of how the FET model can be applied to evaluate biocompatibility. Further, it explores the zebrafish from the wild-type to the mutant form, followed by a discussion about the ethical considerations and concerns when using the FET model.
Collapse
|
39
|
Wang T, Gibbs D. A Framework for Performance Comparison among Major Electronic Health Record Systems. Perspect Health Inf Manag 2019; 16:1h. [PMID: 31908631 PMCID: PMC6931047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
While nearly all hospitals have adopted electronic health record (EHR) systems, some are dissatisfied and considering replacement systems to better address unique organizational needs and priorities. With more than 4,000 certified health information technology products available, comparing the vast number of EHR options is complex. This study tested the hypothesis that various EHR systems demonstrate different financial and quality performance and presented a framework for comparison. Using a subscribed database containing US hospitals' observations from 2011 to 2016, we estimated an ordinary least squares regression model with robust standard errors and clustered by year. We regressed the selected finance and quality measures as dependent variables with the vendors' indicators as independent variables, with control variables. This study demonstrated an approach for analyzing performance data to help hospitals distinguish EHR systems on the basis of several organizational outcomes: return on assets, bed utilization rate, Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) summary star rating, and value-based purchasing Total Performance Score. This framework will help EHR acquisition teams make informed decisions.
Collapse
|
40
|
Funk CC, Shannon P, Gibbs D, Rappaport N, Allen M, Carrasquillo MM, Ertekin-Taner N, Golde TE, Shmulevich I, Hood L, Price ND. P4-103: CELL-TYPE SPECIFIC MECHANISTIC AND DIRECTIONAL TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATORY NETWORKS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. Alzheimers Dement 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.3764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David Gibbs
- Institute for Systems Biology; Seattle WA USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Leroy Hood
- Providence St. Joseph Health; Renton WA USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Boysen S, Hewitt B, Gibbs D, McLeod A. Off-The-Shelf Artificial Intelligence Technologies for Sentiment and Emotion Analysis: A Tutorial on Using IBM Natural Language Processing. CAIS 2019. [DOI: 10.17705/1cais.04505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
|
42
|
Gibbs D. Book Review. The Journal of Academic Librarianship 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acalib.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
43
|
Gibbs D. Book Review. The Journal of Academic Librarianship 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acalib.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
44
|
Boshoff K, Gibbs D, Phillips RL, Wiles L, Porter L. Parents' voices: "Our process of advocating for our child with autism." A meta-synthesis of parents' perspectives. Child Care Health Dev 2018; 44:147-160. [PMID: 28833334 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advocacy has been described by parents of children with autism as an important coping strategy, enabling them to move forward by redirecting emotions into actions. A key factor in the development of collaborative and constructive partnerships between service providers and parents is having an understanding of how parents engage in advocacy and the support needed to do so. This meta-synthesis was undertaken to consolidate in-depth qualitative data from parents' perspectives of the process that they use to advocate for their children with autism. METHODS A qualitative meta-synthesis was conducted, whereby 15 databases were systematically searched. Thirty-one studies were identified and appraised using an adapted version of the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool. Data were synthesized into themes through the steps of review, meta-aggregation, integration, and interpretation. RESULTS The voices of 1,662 parents are presented describing the process of advocacy in the stages of seeking a diagnosis, seeking self-education, and taking action. Taking action includes 2 subthemes: seeking, access, and use of support services and community engagement and educating others. CONCLUSIONS Results highlight the significant impact that positive experiences with first-line professionals have during the diagnosis process and how these experiences lay the foundation for all future relationships with other service providers. Important implications arise from this meta-synthesis for service providers in supporting parents' advocacy and hence building constructive relationships with families with a child with autism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Boshoff
- International Centre for Allied Health Evidence, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - D Gibbs
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Royal London Hospital, London, UK
| | - R L Phillips
- Centre for Health Stewardship, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - L Wiles
- International Centre for Allied Health Evidence, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - L Porter
- International Centre for Allied Health Evidence, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Gibbs D. Book Review. The Journal of Academic Librarianship 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acalib.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
46
|
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to report an explicit taxonomy of maritime operations (MO) to guide harbour masters (HMs) of smaller ports in planning more sustainable operations.
Design/methodology/approach
This research presents strategies for building theory to promote more sustainable port management in a two-stage research design. Starting from a base taxonomy in research Stage 1, ethnographic content analysis (ECA) of a sparse prior literature on MO generated a tentative taxonomy. In Stage 2, interviews to capture tacit practitioner knowledge refined the tentative taxonomy into a credible practitioner-informed final taxonomy.
Findings
ECA offers researchers a powerful tool to analyse complex operational problems. In this paper MOs are represented in an explicit taxonomy.
Practical implications
A final taxonomy of MOs guides sustainability strategy formulation by HMs and assists them to protect vital commercial revenues which serve supply chains and local communities.
Originality/value
An explicit final taxonomy of MO is derived using a novel methodology. The taxonomy guides sustainability strategy formulation and underpins subsequent planning of sustainable development policies.
Collapse
|
47
|
Desai J, Gan H, Barrow C, Jameson MB, Solomon B, Atkinson V, Haydon A, Millward M, Begbie S, Brown M, Markman B, Patterson W, Hill A, Horvath L, Nagrial A, Richardson G, Jackson C, Friedlander M, Gibbs D, Parente P, Yang J, Wang L, Chen Y, Luo L. Abstract CT002: A Phase IB study of RAF dimer inhibitor BGB-283 in patients with B-RAF or K-RAS/N-RAS mutated solid tumors. Clin Trials 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-ct002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
48
|
Marc DT, Robertson J, Gordon L, Green-Lawson ZD, Gibbs D, Dover K, Dougherty M. What the Data Say About HIM Professional Trends. J AHIMA 2017; 88:25-31. [PMID: 29419961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
|
49
|
Cai W, Gibbs D, Zhang L, Ferrier G, Cai Y. Identifying hotspots and management of critical ecosystem services in rapidly urbanizing Yangtze River Delta Region, China. J Environ Manage 2017; 191:258-267. [PMID: 28119168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Rapid urbanization has altered many ecosystems, causing a decline in many ecosystem services, generating serious ecological crisis. To cope with these challenges, we presented a comprehensive framework comprising five core steps for identifying and managing hotspots of critical ecosystem services in a rapid urbanizing region. This framework was applied in the case study of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) Region. The study showed that there was large spatial heterogeneity in the hotspots of ecosystem services in the region, hotspots of supporting services and regulating services aggregately distributing in the southwest mountainous areas while hotspots of provisioning services mainly in the northeast plain, and hotspots of cultural services widespread in the waterbodies and southwest mountainous areas. The regionalization of the critical ecosystem services was made through the hotspot analysis. This study provided valuable information for environmental planning and management in a rapid urbanizing region and helped improve China's ecological redlines policy at regional scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Cai
- Geography, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - David Gibbs
- Geography, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Lang Zhang
- Shanghai Academy of Landscape Architecture Science and Planning, No. 899, Longwu Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Graham Ferrier
- Geography, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Yongli Cai
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Rd. 500, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Stacey WM, Van Rooijen W, Bates T, Colvin E, Dion J, Feener J, Gayton E, Gibbs D, Grennor C, Head J, Hope F, Ireland J, Johnson A, Jones B, Mejias N, Myers C, Schmitz A, Sommer C, Sumner T, Tschaepe L. A TRU-Zr Metal-Fuel Sodium-Cooled Fast Subcritical Advanced Burner Reactor. NUCL TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nt08-a3933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. M. Stacey
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - W. Van Rooijen
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - T. Bates
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - E. Colvin
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - J. Dion
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - J. Feener
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - E. Gayton
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - D. Gibbs
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - C. Grennor
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - J. Head
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - F. Hope
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - J. Ireland
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - A. Johnson
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - B. Jones
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - N. Mejias
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - C. Myers
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - A. Schmitz
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - C. Sommer
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - T. Sumner
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - L. Tschaepe
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| |
Collapse
|