1
|
Ugurel E, Kisakurek ZB, Aksu Y, Goksel E, Cilek N, Yalcin O. Calcium/protein kinase C signaling mechanisms in shear-induced mechanical responses of red blood cells. Microvasc Res 2021; 135:104124. [PMID: 33359148 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2020.104124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) deformability has vital importance for microcirculation in the body, as RBCs travel in narrow capillaries under shear stress. Deformability can be defined as a remarkable cell ability to change shape in response to an external force which allows the cell to pass through the narrowest blood capillaries. Previous studies showed that RBC deformability could be regulated by Ca2+/protein kinase C (PKC) signaling mechanisms due to the phosphorylative changes in RBC membrane proteins by kinases and phosphatases. We investigated the roles of Ca2+/PKC signaling pathway on RBC mechanical responses and impaired RBC deformability under continuous shear stress (SS). A protein kinase C inhibitor Chelerythrine, a tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor Calpeptin, and a calcium channel blocker Verapamil were applied into human blood samples in 1 micromolar concentration. Samples with drugs were treated with or without 3 mM Ca2+. A shear stress at 5 Pa level was applied to each sample continuously for 300 s. RBC deformability was measured by a laser-assisted optical rotational cell analyzer (LORRCA) and was calculated as the change in elongation index (EI) of RBC upon a range of shear stress (SS, 0.3-50 Pa). RBC mechanical stress responses were evaluated before and after continuous SS through the parameterization of EI-SS curves. The drug administrations did not produce any significant alterations in RBC mechanical responses when they were applied alone. However, the application of the drugs together with Ca2+ substantially increased RBC deformability compared to calcium alone. Verapamil significantly improved Ca2+-induced impairments of deformability both before and after 5 Pa SS exposure (p < 0.0001). Calpeptin and Chelerythrine significantly ameliorated impaired deformability only after continuous SS (p < 0.05). Shear-induced improvements of deformability were conserved by the drug administrations although shear-induced deformability was impaired when the drugs were applied with calcium. The blocking of Ca2+ channel by Verapamil improved impaired RBC mechanical responses independent of the SS effect. The inhibition of tyrosine phosphatase and protein kinase C by Calpeptin and Chelerythrine, respectively, exhibited ameliorating effects on calcium-impaired deformability with the contribution of shear stress. The modulation of Ca2+/PKC signaling pathway could regulate the mechanical stress responses of RBCs when cells are under continuous SS exposure. Shear-induced improvements in the mechanical properties of RBCs by this signaling mechanism could facilitate RBC flow in the microcirculation of pathophysiological disorders, wherein Ca2+ homeostasis is disturbed and RBC deformability is reduced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elif Ugurel
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey; Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Yasemin Aksu
- School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Evrim Goksel
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey; Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Cilek
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey; Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Yalcin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey; Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey; School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang Q, Noviana M, Zhao Y, Chen D, Wang X. Effect of curcumin extract against oxidative stress on both structure and deformation capability of red blood cell. J Biomech 2019; 95:109301. [PMID: 31443943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The normal deformability of erythrocytes plays an important role in ensuring blood mobility, erythrocyte longevity, and microcirculation, which is the ability of erythrocytes to change shapes in response to external forces. However, the effects of curcumin extracts on the deformability of erythrocytes have not yet been evaluated. Accordingly, in this study, we explored the effects of pre-treatment with curcumin extract on erythrocyte deformation and erythrocyte band 3 (SLC4A1; EB3) expression. We also evaluated the associations between EB3 expression and erythrocyte deformability induced by hydrogen peroxide. Blood samples were divided into the control group, pre-treatment group (treated with curcumin extract or vitamin C), and negative control group, and oxidant stress parameters, antioxidant status, erythrocyte deformability and elasticity, and EB3 modifications were evaluated using immunoblotting and immunofluorescence staining. Hydrogen peroxide significantly increased oxidative stress parameters, modulus elasticity values and clustered EB3 levels and induced conjugation of membrane proteins to form high-molecular-weight complexes (p < 0.05). Erythrocyte deformability and elasticity were significantly decreased in the treated groups compared with those in the control group. Overall, our findings suggested that pre-treatment with curcumin extracts increased antioxidant status, reduced EB3 cross-linking, and improved erythrocyte deformability, to an even better extent than vitamin C. These results provide important insights into the effects of treatment with curcumin extracts on erythrocyte damage and suggest that curcumin may have applications in antioxidant therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Milody Noviana
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yajin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Dong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nemeth N, Sogor V, Kiss F, Ulker P. Interspecies diversity of erythrocyte mechanical stability at various combinations in magnitude and duration of shear stress, and osmolality. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2017; 63:381-398. [PMID: 26890103 DOI: 10.3233/ch-152031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesized that the results of red blood cell mechanical stability test show interspecies differences. The comparative investigations were performed on blood samples obtained from rats, beagle dogs, pigs and healthy volunteers. Mechanical stress was applied in nine combinations: 30, 60 or 100 Pa shear stress for 100, 200 or 300 seconds. Generally, rat erythrocytes showed the highest capability of resistance. With the applied combinations of mechanical stress pig erythrocytes were the most sensitive. On human erythrocytes 60 Pa for 200 s was the minimum combination to result significant deformability deterioration. By increasing the magnitude and duration of the applied mechanical stress we experienced escalating deformability impairment in all species. 100 Pa shear stress for 300 seconds on human erythrocytes showed the largest deformability impairment. The mechanical stability test results were also dependent on osmolality. At hypoosmolar range (200 mOsmol/kg) the mechanical stress improved EI data mostly in rat and porcine blood. At higher osmolality (500 mOsmol/kg), the test did not show detectable difference, while in 250-300 mOsmol/kg range the differences were well observable. In summary, erythrocytes' capability of resistance against mechanical stress shows interspecies differences depending on the magnitude and duration of the applied stress, and on the osmolality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Nemeth
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Institute of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Viktoria Sogor
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Institute of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Kiss
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Institute of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Pinar Ulker
- Department of Physiology, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Y, You G, Chen P, Li J, Chen G, Wang B, Li P, Han D, Zhou H, Zhao L. The mechanical properties of stored red blood cells measured by a convenient microfluidic approach combining with mathematic model. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2016; 10:024104. [PMID: 27014397 PMCID: PMC4788599 DOI: 10.1063/1.4943861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical properties of red blood cells (RBCs) are critical to the rheological and hemodynamic behavior of blood. Although measurements of the mechanical properties of RBCs have been studied for many years, the existing methods, such as ektacytometry, micropipette aspiration, and microfluidic approaches, still have limitations. Mechanical changes to RBCs during storage play an important role in transfusions, and so need to be evaluated pre-transfusion, which demands a convenient and rapid detection method. We present a microfluidic approach that focuses on the mechanical properties of single cell under physiological shear flow and does not require any high-end equipment, like a high-speed camera. Using this method, the images of stretched RBCs under physical shear can be obtained. The subsequent analysis, combined with mathematic models, gives the deformability distribution, the morphology distribution, the normalized curvature, and the Young's modulus (E) of the stored RBCs. The deformability index and the morphology distribution show that the deformability of RBCs decreases significantly with storage time. The normalized curvature, which is defined as the curvature of the cell tail during stretching in flow, suggests that the surface charge of the stored RBCs decreases significantly. According to the mathematic model, which derives from the relation between shear stress and the adherent cells' extension ratio, the Young's moduli of the stored RBCs are also calculated and show significant increase with storage. Therefore, the present method is capable of representing the mechanical properties and can distinguish the mechanical changes of the RBCs during storage. The advantages of this method are the small sample needed, high-throughput, and easy-use, which make it promising for the quality monitoring of RBCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences , No. 27 Taiping Road, HaiDian, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Guoxing You
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences , No. 27 Taiping Road, HaiDian, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Peipei Chen
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11, Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11, Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Gan Chen
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences , No. 27 Taiping Road, HaiDian, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences , No. 27 Taiping Road, HaiDian, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Penglong Li
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences , No. 27 Taiping Road, HaiDian, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Dong Han
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11, Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences , No. 27 Taiping Road, HaiDian, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Lian Zhao
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences , No. 27 Taiping Road, HaiDian, Beijing 100850, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tang F, Ren Y, Wang R, Lei X, Deng X, Zhao Y, Chen D, Wang X. Ankyrin exposure induced by activated protein kinase C plays a potential role in erythrophagocytosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1860:120-8. [PMID: 26498044 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In physiological and pathological conditions activated protein kinace C (PKC) has been observed in the erythrocytes. Externalization of ankyrin followed by Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)/integrin recognition also triggers erythrophagocytosis. In the present study, to test whether activated PKC is associated with ankyrin exposure in erythrophagocytosis. METHODS Phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-induced PKC activation and ankyrin phosphorylation were tested, and under different treatment conditions the subpopulation of erythrocytes with ankyrin exposure and the levels of intracellular calcium were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS Results showed that treatment of erythrocytes with PMA in a calcium-containing buffer led to ankyrin exposure. In the absence of extracellular calcium, no ankyrin exposure was observed. PKC inhibition with calphostin C, a blocker of the PMA binding site, completely prevented the calcium entry, protein phosphorylation and ankyrin exposure. PKC inhibition with chelerythrine chloride, an inhibitor of the active site, diminished the level of ankyrin-exposing cells and ankyrin phosphorylation; however it even led to a higher percentage of cells with increased levels of calcium than with PMA treatment alone. Although PKC was activated and ankyrin phosphorylation occurred, no ankyrin exposure was observed in the absence of extracellular calcium. CONCLUSION Analyses of results suggested that PMA induces calcium influx into the erythrocytes, leading to the activation of calcium-dependent enzymes and the phosphorylation of membrane proteins, ultimately inducing ankyrin exposure and erythrophagocytosis. This study may provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of removing aged or diseased erythrocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuzhou Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, PR China
| | - Yang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, PR China
| | - Ruofeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Lei
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, PR China
| | - Xueru Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, PR China
| | - Yajin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, PR China
| | - Dong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, PR China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|