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Davis ZG, Koch DW, Watson SL, Scull GM, Brown AC, Schnabel LV, Fisher MB. Controlled Stiffness of Direct-Write, Near-Field Electrospun Gelatin Fibers Generates Differences in Tenocyte Morphology and Gene Expression. J Biomech Eng 2024; 146:091008. [PMID: 38529730 PMCID: PMC11080953 DOI: 10.1115/1.4065163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Tendinopathy is a leading cause of mobility issues. Currently, the cell-matrix interactions involved in the development of tendinopathy are not fully understood. In vitro tendon models provide a unique tool for addressing this knowledge gap as they permit fine control over biochemical, micromechanical, and structural aspects of the local environment to explore cell-matrix interactions. In this study, direct-write, near-field electrospinning of gelatin solution was implemented to fabricate micron-scale fibrous scaffolds that mimic native collagen fiber size and orientation. The stiffness of these fibrous scaffolds was found to be controllable between 1 MPa and 8 MPa using different crosslinking methods (EDC, DHT, DHT+EDC) or through altering the duration of crosslinking with EDC (1 h to 24 h). EDC crosslinking provided the greatest fiber stability, surviving up to 3 weeks in vitro. Differences in stiffness resulted in phenotypic changes for equine tenocytes with low stiffness fibers (∼1 MPa) promoting an elongated nuclear aspect ratio while those on high stiffness fibers (∼8 MPa) were rounded. High stiffness fibers resulted in the upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) and proteoglycans (possible indicators for tendinopathy) relative to low stiffness fibers. These results demonstrate the feasibility of direct-written gelatin scaffolds as tendon in vitro models and provide evidence that matrix mechanical properties may be crucial factors in cell-matrix interactions during tendinopathy formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary G. Davis
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC 27695; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Drew W. Koch
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
- North Carolina State University
| | - Samantha L. Watson
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Grant M. Scull
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC 27695; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Ashley C. Brown
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC 27695; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Lauren V. Schnabel
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
- North Carolina State University
| | - Matthew B. Fisher
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC 27695; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695; Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
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Murphy CA, Serafin A, Collins MN. Development of 3D Printable Gelatin Methacryloyl/Chondroitin Sulfate/Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels as Implantable Scaffolds. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1958. [PMID: 39065275 PMCID: PMC11281044 DOI: 10.3390/polym16141958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of biomaterials tailored for various tissue engineering applications has been increasingly researched in recent years; however, stimulating cells to synthesise the extracellular matrix (ECM) is still a significant challenge. In this study, we investigate the use of ECM-like hydrogel materials composed of Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) and glycosaminoglycans (GAG), such as hyaluronic acid (HA) and chondroitin sulphate (CS), to provide a biomimetic environment for tissue repair. These hydrogels are fully characterised in terms of physico-chemical properties, including compression, swelling behaviour, rheological behaviour and via 3D printing trials. Furthermore, porous scaffolds were developed through freeze drying, producing a scaffold morphology that better promotes cell proliferation, as shown by in vitro analysis with fibroblast cells. We show that after cell seeding, freeze-dried hydrogels resulted in significantly greater amounts of DNA by day 7 compared to the GelMA hydrogel. Furthermore, freeze-dried constructs containing HA or HA/CS were found to have a significantly higher metabolic activity than GelMA alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A. Murphy
- Stokes Laboratories, Bernal Institute, School of Engineering, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (C.A.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Aleksandra Serafin
- Stokes Laboratories, Bernal Institute, School of Engineering, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (C.A.M.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Maurice N. Collins
- Stokes Laboratories, Bernal Institute, School of Engineering, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (C.A.M.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
- SFI Centre for Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
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An Update on Applications of Cattle Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12151956. [PMID: 35953945 PMCID: PMC9367612 DOI: 10.3390/ani12151956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Among livestock species, cattle are crucially important for the meat and milk production industry. Cows can be affected by different pathologies, such as mastitis, endometritis and lameness, which can negatively affect either food production or reproductive efficiency. The use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is a valuable tool both in the treatment of various medical conditions and in the application of reproductive biotechnologies. This review provides an update on state-of-the-art applications of bovine MSCs to clinical treatments and reproductive biotechnologies. Abstract Attention on mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) research has increased in the last decade mainly due to the promising results about their plasticity, self-renewal, differentiation potential, immune modulatory and anti-inflammatory properties that have made stem cell therapy more clinically attractive. Furthermore, MSCs can be easily isolated and expanded to be used for autologous or allogenic therapy following the administration of either freshly isolated or previously cryopreserved cells. The scientific literature on the use of stromal cells in the treatment of several animal health conditions is currently available. Although MSCs are not as widely used for clinical treatments in cows as for companion and sport animals, they have the potential to be employed to improve productivity in the cattle industry. This review provides an update on state-of-the-art applications of bovine MSCs to clinical treatments and reproductive biotechnologies.
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Prospective Application of Partially Digested Autologous Chondrocyte for Meniscus Tissue Engineering. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030605. [PMID: 35335980 PMCID: PMC8952194 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Meniscus tissue engineering has yet to achieve clinical application because it requires chondrogenic induction and in vitro cell expansion. Contrarily, cartilage engineering from autologous chondrocytes has been successfully applied in one-stage surgery. If the natural chondrogenic potential of meniscus cells can be demonstrated, meniscus tissue engineering would have more value in clinical settings. Materials and Methods: In total, 10 menisci and pieces of cartilage were obtained during total knee replacements. The tissues were collected for cell isolation and expansion. Their chondrogenic properties were examined by immunohistofluorescence and gene expression analyses. Results: In native cartilage, immunofluorescence demonstrated the presence of collagen I, aggrecan, and traces of collagen I, whereas comparable staining was seen in the inner and middle meniscus. The presence of collagen I but the absence of collagen II and aggrecan were observed in the outer meniscus. In passage 2, chondrocytes showed the presence of collagen II and aggrecan, and the absence of vimentin. The vimentin and aggrecan staining were comparable in the inner and middle meniscus cells, whereas the outer cells showed only vimentin staining. In the gene expression analyses, the expressions of collagen II and aggrecan in the native chondrocyte and the inner and middle meniscus were higher than those of the cells from the outer meniscus, but they were not different in collagen I. In the passage 2 culture, chondrocytes had a higher expression of collagen II and aggrecan than the meniscus cells. Cells from the inner and middle areas had higher collagen II and aggrecan expression than those from the outer meniscus. Conclusion: Without chondrogenic induction, inner and middle meniscus cells possess a chondrogenic phenotype. Specifically, native meniscus cells exhibited more robust chondrogenic potential compared with those of the passage 2 monolayer culture.
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Dorthé EW, Williams AB, Grogan SP, D’Lima DD. Pneumatospinning Biomimetic Scaffolds for Meniscus Tissue Engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:810705. [PMID: 35186903 PMCID: PMC8847752 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.810705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanofibrous scaffolds fabricated via electrospinning have been proposed for meniscus tissue regeneration. However, the electrospinning process is slow, and can only generate scaffolds of limited thickness with densely packed fibers, which limits cell distribution within the scaffold. In this study, we explored whether pneumatospinning could produce thicker collagen type I fibrous scaffolds with higher porosity, that can support cell infiltration and neo-fibrocartilage tissue formation for meniscus tissue engineering. We pneumatospun scaffolds with solutions of collagen type I with thicknesses of approximately 1 mm in 2 h. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a mix of fiber sizes with diameters ranging from 1 to 30 µm. The collagen scaffold porosity was approximately 48% with pores ranging from 7.4 to 100.7 µm. The elastic modulus of glutaraldehyde crosslinked collagen scaffolds was approximately 45 MPa, when dry, which reduced after hydration to 0.1 MPa. Mesenchymal stem cells obtained from the infrapatellar fat pad were seeded in the scaffold with high viability (>70%). Scaffolds seeded with adipose-derived stem cells and cultured for 3 weeks exhibited a fibrocartilage meniscus-like phenotype (expressing COL1A1, COL2A1 and COMP). Ex vivo implantation in healthy bovine and arthritic human meniscal explants resulted in the development of fibrocartilage-like neotissues that integrated with the host tissue with deposition of glycosaminoglycans and collagens type I and II. Our proof-of-concept study indicates that pneumatospinning is a promising approach to produce thicker biomimetic scaffolds more efficiently that electrospinning, and with a porosity that supports cell growth and neo-tissue formation using a clinically relevant cell source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik W. Dorthé
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education, Scripps Health, San Diego, CA, United States
| | | | - Shawn P. Grogan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education, Scripps Health, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Darryl D. D’Lima
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education, Scripps Health, San Diego, CA, United States
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Liu Y, Dzidotor G, Le TT, Vinikoor T, Morgan K, Curry EJ, Das R, McClinton A, Eisenberg E, Apuzzo LN, Tran KTM, Prasad P, Flanagan TJ, Lee SW, Kan HM, Chorsi MT, Lo KWH, Laurencin CT, Nguyen TD. Exercise-induced piezoelectric stimulation for cartilage regeneration in rabbits. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabi7282. [PMID: 35020409 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abi7282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
More than 32.5 million American adults suffer from osteoarthritis, and current treatments including pain medicines and anti-inflammatory drugs only alleviate symptoms but do not cure the disease. Here, we have demonstrated that a biodegradable piezoelectric poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber scaffold under applied force or joint load could act as a battery-less electrical stimulator to promote chondrogenesis and cartilage regeneration. The PLLA scaffold under applied force or joint load generated a controllable piezoelectric charge, which promoted extracellular protein adsorption, facilitated cell migration or recruitment, induced endogenous TGF-β via calcium signaling pathway, and improved chondrogenesis and cartilage regeneration both in vitro and in vivo. Rabbits with critical-sized osteochondral defects receiving the piezoelectric scaffold and exercise treatment experienced hyaline-cartilage regeneration and completely healed cartilage with abundant chondrocytes and type II collagen after 1 to 2 months of exercise (2 to 3 months after surgery including 1 month of recovery before exercise), whereas rabbits treated with nonpiezoelectric scaffold and exercise treatment had unfilled defect and limited healing. The approach of combining biodegradable piezoelectric tissue scaffolds with controlled mechanical activation (via physical exercise) may therefore be useful for the treatment of osteoarthritis and is potentially applicable to regenerating other injured tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Godwin Dzidotor
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Thinh T Le
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Tra Vinikoor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Kristin Morgan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Eli J Curry
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Ritopa Das
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Aneesah McClinton
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Ellen Eisenberg
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Lorraine N Apuzzo
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Khanh T M Tran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Pooja Prasad
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Tyler J Flanagan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Seok-Woo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Ho-Man Kan
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Meysam T Chorsi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Kevin W H Lo
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Cato T Laurencin
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Thanh D Nguyen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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Biomaterials and Meniscal Lesions: Current Concepts and Future Perspective. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111886. [PMID: 34834301 PMCID: PMC8617690 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Menisci are crucial structures for knee homeostasis. After a meniscal lesion, the golden rule, now, is to save as much meniscus as possible; only the meniscus tissue that is identified as unrepairable should be excised, and meniscal sutures find more and more indications. Several different methods have been proposed to improve meniscal healing. They include very basic techniques, such as needling, abrasion, trephination and gluing, or more complex methods, such as synovial flaps, meniscal wrapping or the application of fibrin clots. Basic research of meniscal substitutes has also become very active in the last decades. The aim of this literature review is to analyze possible therapeutic and surgical options that go beyond traditional meniscal surgery: from scaffolds, which are made of different kind of polymers, such as natural, synthetic or hydrogel components, to new technologies, such as 3-D printing construct or hybrid biomaterials made of scaffolds and specific cells. These recent advances show that there is great interest in the development of new materials for meniscal reconstruction and that, with the development of new biomaterials, there will be the possibility of better management of meniscal injuries
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Wang X, Ding Y, Li H, Mo X, Wu J. Advances in electrospun scaffolds for meniscus tissue engineering and regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 110:923-949. [PMID: 34619021 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The meniscus plays a critical role in maintaining the homeostasis, biomechanics, and structural stability of the knee joint. Unfortunately, it is predisposed to damages either from sports-related trauma or age-related degeneration. The meniscus has an inherently limited capacity for tissue regeneration. Self-healing of injured adult menisci only occurs in the peripheral vascularized portion, while the spontaneous repair of the inner avascular region seems never happens. Repair, replacement, and regeneration of menisci through tissue engineering strategies are promising to address this problem. Recently, many scaffolds for meniscus tissue engineering have been proposed for both experimental and preclinical investigations. Electrospinning is a feasible and versatile technique to produce nano- to micro-scale fibers that mimic the microarchitecture of native extracellular matrix and is an effective approach to prepare nanofibrous scaffolds for constructing engineered meniscus. Electrospun scaffolds are reported to be capable of inducing colonization of meniscus cells by modulating local extracellular density and stimulating endogenous regeneration by driving reprogramming of meniscus wound microenvironment. Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds with tunable mechanical properties, controllable anisotropy, and various porosities have shown promises for meniscus repair and regeneration and will undoubtedly inspire more efforts in exploring effective therapeutic approaches towards clinical applications. In this article, we review the current advances in the use of electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds for meniscus tissue engineering and repair and discuss prospects for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangfan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiumei Mo
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinglei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Li H, Wang X, Liu J, Liu Z, Wang H, Mo X, Wu J. Nanofiber configuration affects biological performance of decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix incorporated electrospun scaffolds. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 34547733 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac28a5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Electrospinning represents the simplest approach to fabricate nanofiber scaffolds that approximate the heterogeneous fibrous structure of the meniscus. More effort is needed to understand the relationship between scaffold properties and cell responses to determine the appropriate scaffolds supporting meniscus tissue repair and regeneration. In this study, we investigate the influence of nanofiber configuration of electrospun scaffolds on phenotype and matrix production of meniscus cells, as well as on scaffold degradation behaviors and biocompatibility. Twisting electrospun nanofibers into yarns not only recapitulates the major collagen bundles of the meniscus but also increases the pore size and porosity of resultant scaffolds. The yarn scaffold significantly regulated expression levels of meniscus-associated genes and promoted extracellular matrix production compared with conventional electrospun scaffolds with random or aligned nanofiber orientation. Additionally, the yarn scaffold allowed considerable cell infiltration and experienced faster degradation and tissue remodeling upon subcutaneous implantation in a rat model. These results suggest that nanofiber configuration dictates cell interactions, scaffold degradation and integration with host tissue, providing design parameters of porosity and pore size of electrospun scaffolds toward meniscus repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajie Liu
- Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, TongJi University, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengni Liu
- Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, TongJi University, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiumei Mo
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinglei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
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Tang Y, Tian J, Li L, Huang L, Shen Q, Guo S, Jiang Y. Biomimetic Biphasic Electrospun Scaffold for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 18:819-830. [PMID: 34355341 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-021-00376-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Replacing damaged anterior cruciate ligaments (ACLs) with tissue-engineered artificial ligaments is challenging because ligament scaffolds must have a multiregional structure that can guide stem cell differentiation. Here, we designed a biphasic scaffold and evaluated its effect on human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) under dynamic culture conditions as well as rat ACL reconstruction model in vivo. METHODS We designed a novel dual-phase electrospinning strategy wherein the scaffolds comprised randomly arranged phases at the two ends and an aligned phase in the middle. The morphological, mechanical properties and scaffold degradation were investigated. MSCs proliferation, adhesion, morphology and fibroblast markers were evaluated under dynamic culturing. This scaffold were tested if they could induce ligament formation using a rodent model in vivo. RESULTS Compared with other materials, poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide)/poly(ε-caprolactone) (PLGA/PCL) with mass ratio of 1:5 showed appropriate mechanical properties and biodegradability that matched ACLs. After 28 days of dynamic culturing, MSCs were fusiform oriented in the aligned phase and randomly arranged in a paving-stone-like morphology in the random phase. The increased expression of fibroblastic markers demonstrated that only the alignment of nanofibers worked with mechanical stimulation to promote effective fibroblast differentiation. This scaffold was a dense collagenous structure, and there was minimal difference in collagen direction in the orientation phase. CONCLUSION Dual-phase electrospun scaffolds had mechanical properties and degradability similar to those of ACLs. They promoted differences in the morphology of MSCs and induced fibroblast differentiation under dynamic culture conditions. Animal experiments showed that ligamentous tissue regenerated well and supported joint stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Tang
- Orthopedic Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jialiang Tian
- Orthopedic Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
| | - Long Li
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Lin Huang
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Quan Shen
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Shanzhu Guo
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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11
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Karjalainen VP, Kestilä I, Finnilä M, Folkesson E, Turkiewicz A, Önnerfjord P, Hughes V, Tjörnstrand J, Englund M, Saarakkala S. Quantitative three-dimensional collagen orientation analysis of human meniscus posterior horn in health and osteoarthritis using micro-computed tomography. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2021; 29:762-772. [PMID: 33588085 PMCID: PMC7610734 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with meniscal degeneration that may involve disorganization of the meniscal collagen fiber network. Our aims were to quantitatively analyze the microstructural organization of human meniscus samples in 3D using micro-computed tomography (μCT), and to compare the local microstructural organization between OA and donor samples. METHOD We collected posterior horns of both medial and lateral human menisci from 10 end-stage medial compartment knee OA patients undergoing total knee replacement (medial & lateral OA) and 10 deceased donors without knee OA (medial & lateral donor). Posterior horns were dissected and fixed in formalin, dehydrated in ascending ethanol concentrations, treated with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS), and imaged with μCT. We performed local orientation analysis of collagenous microstructure in 3D by calculating structure tensors from greyscale gradients within selected integration window to determine the polar angle for each voxel. RESULTS In donor samples, meniscus bundles were aligned circumferentially around the inner border of meniscus. In medial OA menisci, the organized structure of collagen network was lost, and main orientation was shifted away from the circumferential alignment. Quantitatively, medial OA menisci had the lowest mean orientation angle compared to all groups, -24° (95%CI -31 to -18) vs medial donor and -25° (95%CI -34 to -15) vs lateral OA. CONCLUSIONS HMDS-based μCT imaging enabled quantitative analysis of meniscal collagen fiber bundles and their orientations in 3D. In human medial OA menisci, the collagen disorganization was profound with overall lower orientation angles, suggesting collagenous microstructure disorganization as an important part of meniscus degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V-P. Karjalainen
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - I. Kestilä
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - M.A. Finnilä
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland,Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - E. Folkesson
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Lund, Sweden,Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Rheumatology and Molecular Skeletal Biology, Lund, Sweden
| | - A. Turkiewicz
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Lund, Sweden
| | - P. Önnerfjord
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Rheumatology and Molecular Skeletal Biology, Lund, Sweden
| | - V. Hughes
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Lund, Sweden
| | - J. Tjörnstrand
- Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Lund, Sweden
| | - M. Englund
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Lund, Sweden
| | - S. Saarakkala
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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12
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Grogan SP, Baek J, D'Lima DD. Meniscal tissue repair with nanofibers: future perspectives. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:2517-2538. [PMID: 32975146 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The knee menisci are critical to the long-term health of the knee joint. Because of the high incidence of injury and degeneration, replacing damaged or lost meniscal tissue is extremely clinically relevant. The multiscale architecture of the meniscus results in unique biomechanical properties. Nanofibrous scaffolds are extremely attractive to replicate the biochemical composition and ultrastructural features in engineered meniscus tissue. We review recent advances in electrospinning to generate nanofibrous scaffolds and the current state-of-the-art of electrospun materials for meniscal regeneration. We discuss the importance of cellular function for meniscal tissue engineering and the application of cells derived from multiple sources. We compare experimental models necessary for proof of concept and to support translation. Finally, we discuss future directions and potential for technological innovations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn P Grogan
- Shiley Center for Orthopedic Research & Education at Scripps Clinic 10666 North Torrey Pines Road, MS126, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, MB-102, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jihye Baek
- Shiley Center for Orthopedic Research & Education at Scripps Clinic 10666 North Torrey Pines Road, MS126, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, MB-102, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Darryl D D'Lima
- Shiley Center for Orthopedic Research & Education at Scripps Clinic 10666 North Torrey Pines Road, MS126, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, MB-102, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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13
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Abbadessa A, Crecente-Campo J, Alonso MJ. Engineering Anisotropic Meniscus: Zonal Functionality and Spatiotemporal Drug Delivery. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 27:133-154. [PMID: 32723019 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Human meniscus is a fibrocartilaginous structure that is crucial for an adequate performance of the human knee joint. Degeneration of the meniscus is often followed by partial or total meniscectomy, which enhances the risk of developing knee osteoarthritis. The lack of a satisfactory treatment for this condition has triggered a major interest in drug delivery (DD) and tissue engineering (TE) strategies intended to restore a bioactive and fully functional meniscal tissue. The aim of this review is to critically discuss the most relevant studies on spatiotemporal DD and TE, aiming for a multizonal meniscal reconstruction. Indeed, the development of meniscal tissue implants should involve a provision for adequate active molecules and scaffold features that take into account the anisotropic ultrastructure of human meniscus. This zonal differentiation is reflected in the meniscus biochemical composition, collagen fiber arrangement, and cell distribution. In this sense, it is expected that a proper combination of advanced DD and zonal TE strategies will play a key role in the future trends in meniscus regeneration. Impact statement Meniscus degeneration is one of the main causes of knee pain, inflammation, and reduced mobility. Currently used suturing procedures and meniscectomy are far from being ideal solutions to the loss of meniscal function. Therefore, drug delivery (DD) and tissue engineering (TE) strategies are currently under investigation. DD systems aim at an in situ controlled release of growth factors, whereas TE strategies aim at mimicking the anisotropy of native meniscus. The goal of this review is to discuss these two main approaches, as well as synergies between them that are expected to lead to a real breakthrough in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Abbadessa
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS Research Institute, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Crecente-Campo
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS Research Institute, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María José Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS Research Institute, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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14
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Cengiz IF, Maia FR, da Silva Morais A, Silva-Correia J, Pereira H, Canadas RF, Espregueira-Mendes J, Kwon IK, Reis RL, Oliveira JM. Entrapped in cage (EiC) scaffolds of 3D-printed polycaprolactone and porous silk fibroin for meniscus tissue engineering. Biofabrication 2020; 12:025028. [PMID: 32069441 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ab779f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The meniscus has critical functions in the knee joint kinematics and homeostasis. Injuries of the meniscus are frequent, and the lack of a functional meniscus between the femur and tibial plateau can cause articular cartilage degeneration leading to osteoarthritis development and progression. Regeneration of meniscus tissue has outstanding challenges to be addressed. In the current study, novel Entrapped in cage (EiC) scaffolds of 3D-printed polycaprolactone (PCL) and porous silk fibroin were proposed for meniscus tissue engineering. As confirmed by micro-structural analysis the entrapment of silk fibroin was successful, and all scaffolds had excellent interconnectivity (≥99%). The EiC scaffolds had more favorable micro-structure compared with the PCL cage scaffolds by improving the pore size while keeping the interconnectivity almost the same. When compared with the PCL cage, the entrapment of porous silk fibroin into the PCL cage decreased the high compressive modulus in a favorable matter in the wet state thanks to the silk fibroin's high swelling properties. The in vitro studies with human stem cells or meniscocytes seeded constructs, demonstrated that the EiC scaffolds had superior cell adhesion, metabolic activity, and proliferation compared to the PCL cage scaffolds. Upon subcutaneous implantation of scaffolds in nude mice, all groups were free of adverse incidents, and mildly invaded by inflammatory cells with neovascularization, while the EiC scaffolds showed better tissue infiltration. The results of this work indicated that the EiC scaffolds of PCL and silk fibroin are favorable for meniscus tissue engineering, and the findings are encouraging for further studies using a larger animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Fatih Cengiz
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal. ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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15
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Huebner P, Warren PB, Chester D, Spang JT, Brown AC, Fisher MB, Shirwaiker RA. Mechanical properties of tissue formed in vivo are affected by 3D-bioplotted scaffold microarchitecture and correlate with ECM collagen fiber alignment. Connect Tissue Res 2020; 61:190-204. [PMID: 31345062 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2019.1624733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Musculoskeletal soft tissues possess highly aligned extracellular collagenous networks that provide structure and strength. Such an organization dictates tissue-specific mechanical properties but can be difficult to replicate by engineered biological substitutes. Nanofibrous electrospun scaffolds have demonstrated the ability to control cell-secreted collagen alignment, but concerns exist regarding their scalability for larger and anatomically relevant applications. Additive manufacturing processes, such as melt extrusion-based 3D-Bioplotting, allow fabrication of structurally relevant scaffolds featuring highly controllable porous microarchitectures.Materials and Methods: In this study, we investigate the effects of 3D-bioplotted scaffold design on the compressive elastic modulus of neotissue formed in vivo in a subcutaneous rat model and its correlation with the alignment of ECM collagen fibers. Polycaprolactone scaffolds featuring either 100 or 400 µm interstrand spacing were implanted for 4 or 12 weeks, harvested, cryosectioned, and characterized using atomic-force-microscopy-based force mapping.Results: The compressive elastic modulus of the neotissue formed within the 100 µm design was significantly higher at 4 weeks (p < 0.05), but no differences were observed at 12 weeks. In general, the tissue stiffness was within the same order of magnitude and range of values measured in native musculoskeletal soft tissues including the porcine meniscus and anterior cruciate ligament. Finally, a significant positive correlation was noted between tissue stiffness and the degree of ECM collagen fiber alignment (p < 0.05) resulting from contact guidance provided by scaffold strands.Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the significant effects of 3D-bioplotted scaffold microarchitectures in the organization and sub-tissue-level mechanical properties of ECM in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Huebner
- Edward P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Paul B Warren
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Daniel Chester
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Spang
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ashley C Brown
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Matthew B Fisher
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rohan A Shirwaiker
- Edward P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC, USA
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16
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Pereira H, Fatih Cengiz I, Gomes S, Espregueira-Mendes J, Ripoll PL, Monllau JC, Reis RL, Oliveira JM. Meniscal allograft transplants and new scaffolding techniques. EFORT Open Rev 2019; 4:279-295. [PMID: 31210969 PMCID: PMC6549113 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical management of meniscal injuries has changed radically in recent years. We have moved from the model of systematic tissue removal (meniscectomy) to understanding the need to preserve the tissue.Based on the increased knowledge of the basic science of meniscal functions and their role in joint homeostasis, meniscus preservation and/or repair, whenever indicated and possible, are currently the guidelines for management.However, when repair is no longer possible or when facing the fact of the previous partial, subtotal or total loss of the meniscus, meniscus replacement has proved its clinical value. Nevertheless, meniscectomy remains amongst the most frequent orthopaedic procedures.Meniscus replacement is currently possible by means of meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) which provides replacement of the whole meniscus with or without bone plugs/slots. Partial replacement has been achieved by means of meniscal scaffolds (mainly collagen or polyurethane-based). Despite the favourable clinical outcomes, it is still debatable whether MAT is capable of preventing progression to osteoarthritis. Moreover, current scaffolds have shown some fundamental limitations, such as the fact that the newly formed tissue may be different from the native fibrocartilage of the meniscus.Regenerative tissue engineering strategies have been used in an attempt to provide a new generation of meniscal implants, either for partial or total replacement. The goal is to provide biomaterials (acellular or cell-seeded constructs) which provide the biomechanical properties but also the biological features to replace the loss of native tissue. Moreover, these approaches include possibilities for patient-specific implants of correct size and shape, as well as advanced strategies combining cells, bioactive agents, hydrogels or gene therapy.Herein, the clinical evidence and tips concerning MAT, currently available meniscus scaffolds and future perspectives are discussed. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180103.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélder Pereira
- Orthopedic Department of Póvoa de Varzim - Vila do Conde Hospital Centre, Vila do Conde, Portugal
- Ripoll y De Prado Sports Clinic, Murcia-Madrid, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Madrid, Spain
- International Centre of Sports Traumatology of the Ave, Vila do Conde, Portugal
- 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs, Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3Bs, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ibrahim Fatih Cengiz
- 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs, Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3Bs, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Sérgio Gomes
- International Centre of Sports Traumatology of the Ave, Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - João Espregueira-Mendes
- 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs, Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3Bs, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Porto, Portugal
- Orthopedic Department, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Pedro L. Ripoll
- Ripoll y De Prado Sports Clinic, Murcia-Madrid, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan C. Monllau
- Orthopaedic Department, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs, Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3Bs, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - J. Miguel Oliveira
- 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs, Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3Bs, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Orthopaedic Department, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
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17
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Olvera D, Schipani R, Sathy BN, Kelly DJ. Electrospinning of highly porous yet mechanically functional microfibrillar scaffolds at the human scale for ligament and tendon tissue engineering. Biomed Mater 2019; 14:035016. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ab0de1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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18
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TRPV4-mediated calcium signaling in mesenchymal stem cells regulates aligned collagen matrix formation and vinculin tension. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:1992-1997. [PMID: 30674675 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1811095116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microarchitectural cues drive aligned fibrillar collagen deposition in vivo and in biomaterial scaffolds, but the cell-signaling events that underlie this process are not well understood. Utilizing a multicellular patterning model system that allows for observation of intracellular signaling events during collagen matrix assembly, we investigated the role of calcium (Ca2+) signaling in human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) during this process. We observed spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations in MSCs during fibrillar collagen assembly, and hypothesized that the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) ion channel, a mechanosensitive Ca2+-permeable channel, may regulate this signaling. Inhibition of TRPV4 nearly abolished Ca2+ signaling at initial stages of collagen matrix assembly, while at later times had reduced but significant effects. Importantly, blocking TRPV4 activity dramatically reduced aligned collagen fibril assembly; conversely, activating TRPV4 accelerated aligned collagen formation. TRPV4-dependent Ca2+ oscillations were found to be independent of pattern shape or subpattern cell location, suggesting this signaling mechanism is necessary for aligned collagen formation but not sufficient in the absence of physical (microarchitectural) cues that force multicellular alignment. As cell-generated mechanical forces are known to be critical to the matrix assembly process, we examined the role of TRPV4-mediated Ca2+ signaling in force generated across the load-bearing focal adhesion protein vinculin within MSCs using an FRET-based tension sensor. Inhibiting TRPV4 decreased tensile force across vinculin, whereas TRPV4 activation caused a dynamic unloading and reloading of vinculin. Together, these findings suggest TRPV4 activity regulates forces at cell-matrix adhesions and is critical to aligned collagen matrix assembly by MSCs.
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19
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Gugjoo MB, Amarpal, Fazili MR, Shah RA, Sharma GT. Mesenchymal stem cell: Basic research and potential applications in cattle and buffalo. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8618-8635. [PMID: 30515790 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Characteristic features like self-renewal, multilineage differentiation potential, and immune-modulatory/anti-inflammatory properties, besides the ability to mobilize and home distant tissues make stem cells (SCs) a lifeline for an individual. Stem cells (SCs) if could be harvested and expanded without any abnormal change may be utilized as an all-in-one solution to numerous clinical ailments. However, slender understanding of their basic physiological properties, including expression potential, behavioral alternations during culture, and the effect of niche/microenvironment has currently restricted the clinical application of SCs. Among various types of SCs, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are extensively studied due to their easy availability, straightforward harvesting, and culturing procedures, besides, their less likelihood to produce teratogens. Large ruminant MSCs have been harvested from various adult tissues and fetal membranes and are well characterized under in vitro conditions but unlike human or other domestic animals in vivo studies on cattle/buffalo MSCs have mostly been aimed at improving the animals' production potential. In this document, we focused on the status and potential application of MSCs in cattle and buffalo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudasir Bashir Gugjoo
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, FVSc & AH, SKUAST Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, India.,Division of Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, UP, India
| | - Amarpal
- Division of Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, UP, India
| | - Mujeeb R Fazili
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, FVSc & AH, SKUAST Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, India
| | - Riaz A Shah
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, FVSc & AH, SKUAST Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, India
| | - Gutulla Taru Sharma
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, UP, India
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20
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Stocco TD, Bassous NJ, Zhao S, Granato AEC, Webster TJ, Lobo AO. Nanofibrous scaffolds for biomedical applications. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:12228-12255. [PMID: 29947408 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02002g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is an emergent and very interesting research field, providing potential solutions for a myriad of challenges in healthcare. Fibrous scaffolds specifically have shown promise as an effective tissue engineering method, as their high length-to-width ratio mimics that of extracellular matrix components, which in turn guides tissue formation, promotes cellular adhesion and improves mechanical properties. In this review paper, we discuss in detail both the importance of fibrous scaffolds for the promotion of tissue growth and the different methods to produce fibrous biomaterials to possess favorable and unique characteristics. Here, we focus on the pressing need to develop biomimetic structures that promote an ideal environment to encourage tissue formation. In addition, we discuss different biomedical applications in which fibrous scaffolds can be useful, identifying their importance, relevant aspects, and remaining significant challenges. In conclusion, we provide comments on the future direction of fibrous scaffolds and the best way to produce them, proposed in light of recent technological advances and the newest and most promising fabrication techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago D Stocco
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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21
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Bilgen B, Jayasuriya CT, Owens BD. Current Concepts in Meniscus Tissue Engineering and Repair. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701407. [PMID: 29542287 PMCID: PMC6176857 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The meniscus is the most commonly injured structure in the human knee. Meniscus deficiency has been shown to lead to advanced osteoarthritis (OA) due to abnormal mechanical forces, and replacement strategies for this structure have lagged behind other tissue engineering endeavors. The challenges include the complex 3D structure with individualized size parameters, the significant compressive, tensile and shear loads encountered, and the poor blood supply. In this progress report, a review of the current clinical treatments for different types of meniscal injury is provided. The state-of-the-art research in cellular therapies and novel cell sources for these therapies is discussed. The clinically available cell-free biomaterial implants and the current progress on cell-free biomaterial implants are reviewed. Cell-based tissue engineering strategies for the repair and replacement of meniscus are presented, and the current challenges are identified. Tissue-engineered meniscal biocomposite implants may provide an alternative solution for the treatment of meniscal injury to prevent OA in the long run, because of the limitations of the existing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Bilgen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rhode Island Hospital and the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 1 Hoppin St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
- Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, 02908, USA
| | - Chathuraka T Jayasuriya
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rhode Island Hospital and the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 1 Hoppin St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Brett D Owens
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rhode Island Hospital and the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 1 Hoppin St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
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22
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Chen M, Gao S, Wang P, Li Y, Guo W, Zhang Y, Wang M, Xiao T, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Jing X, Li X, Liu S, Guo Q, Xi T. The application of electrospinning used in meniscus tissue engineering. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2018; 29:461-475. [PMID: 29308701 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2018.1425180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingxue Chen
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pei Wang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weimin Guo
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingjie Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tongguang Xiao
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zengzeng Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueliang Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoguang Jing
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingfei Xi
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Shenzhen Institute, Peking University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
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23
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Romanazzo S, Vedicherla S, Moran C, Kelly DJ. Meniscus ECM-functionalised hydrogels containing infrapatellar fat pad-derived stem cells for bioprinting of regionally defined meniscal tissue. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e1826-e1835. [PMID: 29105354 DOI: 10.1002/term.2602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Injuries to the meniscus of the knee commonly lead to osteoarthritis. Current therapies for meniscus regeneration, including meniscectomies and scaffold implantation, fail to achieve complete functional regeneration of the tissue. This has led to increased interest in cell and gene therapies and tissue engineering approaches to meniscus regeneration. The implantation of a biomimetic implant, incorporating cells, growth factors, and extracellular matrix (ECM)-derived proteins, represents a promising approach to functional meniscus regeneration. The objective of this study was to develop a range of ECM-functionalised bioinks suitable for 3D bioprinting of meniscal tissue. To this end, alginate hydrogels were functionalised with ECM derived from the inner and outer regions of the meniscus and loaded with infrapatellar fat pad-derived stem cells. In the absence of exogenously supplied growth factors, inner meniscus ECM promoted chondrogenesis of fat pad-derived stem cells, whereas outer meniscus ECM promoted a more elongated cell morphology and the development of a more fibroblastic phenotype. With exogenous growth factors supplementation, a more fibrogenic phenotype was observed in outer ECM-functionalised hydrogels supplemented with connective tissue growth factor, whereas inner ECM-functionalised hydrogels supplemented with TGFβ3 supported the highest levels of Sox-9 and type II collagen gene expression and sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) deposition. The final phase of the study demonstrated the printability of these ECM-functionalised hydrogels, demonstrating that their codeposition with polycaprolactone microfibres dramatically improved the mechanical properties of the 3D bioprinted constructs with no noticeable loss in cell viability. These bioprinted constructs represent an exciting new approach to tissue engineering of functional meniscal grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Romanazzo
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Vedicherla
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Sports Surgery Clinic Dublin, Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Moran
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Sports Surgery Clinic Dublin, Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D J Kelly
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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24
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de Oliveira FCS, Olvera D, Sawkins MJ, Cryan SA, Kimmins SD, da Silva TE, Kelly DJ, Duffy GP, Kearney C, Heise A. Direct UV-Triggered Thiol–ene Cross-Linking of Electrospun Polyester Fibers from Unsaturated Poly(macrolactone)s and Their Drug Loading by Solvent Swelling. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:4292-4298. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando C. S. de Oliveira
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Dinorath Olvera
- Trinity
Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Michael J. Sawkins
- Trinity
Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Sally-Ann Cryan
- Trinity
Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy & School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Scott D. Kimmins
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Tatiane Eufrasio da Silva
- Trinity
Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Advanced
Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy & School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Daniel J. Kelly
- Advanced
Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department
of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy & School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Garry P. Duffy
- Trinity
Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Advanced
Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy & School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Anatomy,
School of Medicine, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
| | - Cathal Kearney
- Advanced
Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy & School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Andreas Heise
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
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25
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Abstract
Native joint preservation has gained importance in recent years. This is mostly to find solutions for limitations of arthroplasty. In the knee joint, the menisci perform critical functions, adding stability during range of motion and efficiently transferring load across the tibiofemoral articulation while protecting the cartilage. The menisci are the most common injury seen by orthopedicians, especially in the younger active patients. Advances in technology and our knowledge on functioning of the knee joint have made meniscus repair an important mode of treatment. This review summarizes the various techniques of meniscus tear repair and also describes biological enhancements of healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Sudhakar Patil
- Department of Translational Medicine and Research, SRM Medical College and Hospitals, SRM University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anshu Shekhar
- The Orthopaedic Speciality Clinic, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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26
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Bansal S, Keah NM, Neuwirth AL, O'Reilly O, Qu F, Seiber BN, Mandalapu S, Mauck RL, Zgonis MH. Large Animal Models of Meniscus Repair and Regeneration: A Systematic Review of the State of the Field. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2017. [PMID: 28622089 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2017.0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Injury to the meniscus is common, but few viable strategies exist for its repair or regeneration. To address this, animal models have been developed to translate new treatment strategies toward the clinic. However, there is not yet a regulatory document guiding such studies. The purpose of this study was to carry out a systematic review of the literature on meniscus treatment methods and outcomes to define the state of the field. Public databases were queried by using search terms related to animal models and meniscus injury and/or repair over the years 1980-2015. Identified peer-reviewed manuscripts were screened by using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. One of nine reviewers read each manuscript and scored them based on whether the publication described a series of predefined study descriptors and outcome measures. Additional data were extracted to identify common assays used. A total of 128 full-length peer-reviewed manuscripts were identified. The number of publications increased over the time frame analyzed, with 48% focused on augmented repair. Rabbit was, by far, the most prevalent species utilized (46%), with dog (21%) and sheep (20%) being the next most common. Analysis of study descriptors revealed that most studies appropriately documented details of the animal used, the surgical approach, and defect and implant characteristics (e.g., 63% of studies identified clearly the defect size). In terms of outcome parameters, most studies carried out macroscopic (85%), histologic (90%), and healing/integration (83%) analyses of the meniscus. However, many studies did not provide further analysis beyond these fundamental measures, and less than 40% reported on the adjacent cartilage and synovium, as well as joint function. There is intense interest in the field of meniscus repair. However, given the current lack of guidance documentation in this area, preclinical animal models are not performed in a standardized fashion. The development of a "Best Practices" document would increase reproducibility and external validity of experiments, while accelerating advancements in translational research. Advancement is of paramount importance given the high prevalence of meniscal injuries and the paucity of effective repair or regenerative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Bansal
- 1 McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,3 Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Niobra M Keah
- 1 McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,3 Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alexander L Neuwirth
- 1 McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,3 Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Olivia O'Reilly
- 1 McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Feini Qu
- 1 McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,3 Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Breanna N Seiber
- 1 McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,3 Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sai Mandalapu
- 1 McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert L Mauck
- 1 McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,3 Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Miltiadis H Zgonis
- 1 McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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27
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Lowe J, Almarza AJ. A review of in-vitro fibrocartilage tissue engineered therapies with a focus on the temporomandibular joint. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 83:193-201. [PMID: 28787640 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The inability of fibrocartilage, specifically the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc, to regenerate and remodel following injury presents a unique problem for clinicians. Tissue engineering then offers a potential regenerative therapy. In vitro testing provides a valuable screening tool for potential tissue engineered solutions. The conclusions drawn for TMJ in vitro research were compared against state of the art fibrocartilage studies in the knee meniscus, and annulus fibrosus of the intervertebral disc (IVD). For TMJ disc regeneration, in vitro tissue engineered approaches, focused on cellular therapies with fibrochondrocytes, have displayed an inability to produce enough collagen, as well as an inability to recapitulate native mechanical properties. Biomaterial approaches have recapitulated the native properties of the TMJ disc, but their in vivo efficacy has yet to be determined. By comparison, the knee meniscus field is the most progressive in the use of stem cells as a cell source. The knee meniscus field has moved away from measuring mechanical properties, and are instead more focused on biochemistry and gene expression. IVD studies mainly use electrospun scaffolds, and have produced the best success in mechanical properties. The TMJ field, in comparison to knee meniscus and IVD, needs to employ stem cell therapies, new biomaterials and manufacturing techniques, and cutting edge molecular assays, in future in vitro approaches to screen for viable technologies to move to in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Lowe
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States; Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States.
| | - Alejandro J Almarza
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States; Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States.
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28
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Baek J, Sovani S, Choi W, Jin S, Grogan SP, D'Lima DD. Meniscal Tissue Engineering Using Aligned Collagen Fibrous Scaffolds: Comparison of Different Human Cell Sources. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 24:81-93. [PMID: 28463545 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogel and electrospun scaffold materials support cell attachment and neotissue development and can be tuned to structurally and mechanically resemble native extracellular matrix by altering either electrospun fiber or hydrogel properties. In this study, we examined meniscus tissue generation from different human cell sources including meniscus cells derived from vascular and avascular regions, human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, synovial cells, and cells from the infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP). All cells were seeded onto aligned electrospun collagen type I scaffolds and were optionally encapsulated in a tricomponent hydrogel. Single or multilayered constructs were generated and cultivated in defined medium with selected growth factors for 2 weeks. Cell viability, cell morphology, and gene-expression profiles were monitored using confocal microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), respectively. Multilayered constructs were examined with histology, immunohistochemistry, qPCR, and for tensile mechanical properties. For all cell types, TGFβ1 and TGFβ3 treatment increased COL1A1, COMP, Tenascin C (TNC), and Scleraxis (SCX) gene expression and deposition of collagen type I protein. IPFP cells generated meniscus-like tissues with higher meniscogenic gene expression, mechanical properties, and better cell distribution compared to other cell types studied. We show proof of concept that electrospun collagen scaffolds support neotissue formation and IPFP cells have potential for use in cell-based meniscus regeneration strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Baek
- 1 Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic , La Jolla, California.,2 Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of California , San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Sujata Sovani
- 1 Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic , La Jolla, California
| | - Wonchul Choi
- 1 Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic , La Jolla, California
| | - Sungho Jin
- 2 Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of California , San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Shawn P Grogan
- 1 Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic , La Jolla, California
| | - Darryl D D'Lima
- 1 Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic , La Jolla, California
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29
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Li Q, Qu F, Han B, Wang C, Li H, Mauck RL, Han L. Micromechanical anisotropy and heterogeneity of the meniscus extracellular matrix. Acta Biomater 2017; 54:356-366. [PMID: 28242455 PMCID: PMC5413404 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To understand how the complex biomechanical functions of the meniscus are endowed by the nanostructure of its extracellular matrix (ECM), we studied the anisotropy and heterogeneity in the micromechanical properties of the meniscus ECM. We used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to quantify the time-dependent mechanical properties of juvenile bovine meniscus at deformation length scales corresponding to the diameters of collagen fibrils. At this scale, anisotropy in the elastic modulus of the circumferential fibers, the major ECM structural unit, can be attributed to differences in fibril deformation modes: uncrimping when normal to the fiber axis, and laterally constrained compression when parallel to the fiber axis. Heterogeneity among different structural units is mainly associated with their variations in microscale fiber orientation, while heterogeneity across anatomical zones is due to alterations in collagen fibril diameter and alignment at the nanoscale. Unlike the elastic modulus, the time-dependent properties are more homogeneous and isotropic throughout the ECM. These results enable a detailed understanding of the meniscus structure-mechanics at the nanoscale, and can serve as a benchmark for understanding meniscus biomechanical functions, documenting disease progression and designing tissue repair strategies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Meniscal damage is a common cause of joint injury, which can lead to the development of post-traumatic osteoarthritis among young adults. Restoration of meniscus function requires repairing its highly heterogeneous and complex extracellular matrix. Employing AFM, this study quantifies the anisotropic and heterogeneous features of the meniscus ECM structure and mechanics. The micromechanical properties are interpreted within the context of the collagen fibril nanostructure and its variation with tissue anatomical locations. These results provide a fundamental structure-mechanics knowledge benchmark, against which, repair and regeneration strategies can be developed and evaluated with respect to the specialized structural and functional complexity of the native tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Feini Qu
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Biao Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Hao Li
- College of Architecture and the Built Environment, Philadelphia University, Philadelphia, PA 19144, United States
| | - Robert L Mauck
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Lin Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
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30
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Rothrauff BB, Lauro BB, Yang G, Debski RE, Musahl V, Tuan RS. Braided and Stacked Electrospun Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Tendon and Ligament Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 23:378-389. [PMID: 28071988 PMCID: PMC5444507 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendon and ligament injuries are a persistent orthopedic challenge given their poor innate healing capacity. Nonwoven electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds composed of polyesters have been used to mimic the mechanics and topographical cues of native tendons and ligaments. However, nonwoven nanofibers have several limitations that prevent broader clinical application, including poor cell infiltration, as well as tensile and suture-retention strengths that are inferior to native tissues. In this study, multilayered scaffolds of aligned electrospun nanofibers of two designs-stacked or braided-were fabricated. Mechanical properties, including structural and mechanical properties and suture-retention strength, were determined using acellular scaffolds. Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were seeded on scaffolds for up to 28 days, and assays for tenogenic differentiation, histology, and biochemical composition were performed. Braided scaffolds exhibited improved tensile and suture-retention strengths, but reduced moduli. Both scaffold designs supported expression of tenogenic markers, although the effect was greater on braided scaffolds. Conversely, cell infiltration was superior in stacked constructs, resulting in enhanced cell number, total collagen content, and total sulfated glycosaminoglycan content. However, when normalized against cell number, both designs modulated extracellular matrix protein deposition to a similar degree. Taken together, this study demonstrates that multilayered scaffolds of aligned electrospun nanofibers supported tenogenic differentiation of seeded MSCs, but the macroarchitecture is an important consideration for applications of tendon and ligament tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin B. Rothrauff
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Brian B. Lauro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Richard E. Debski
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Orthopaedic Robotics Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Volker Musahl
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Orthopaedic Robotics Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Rocky S. Tuan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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31
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Martin JT, Gullbrand SE, Mohanraj B, Ashinsky BG, Kim DH, Ikuta K, Elliott DM, Smith LJ, Mauck RL, Smith HE. * Optimization of Preculture Conditions to Maximize the In Vivo Performance of Cell-Seeded Engineered Intervertebral Discs. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 23:923-934. [PMID: 28426371 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of engineered tissues has progressed over the past 20 years from in vitro characterization to in vivo implementation. For musculoskeletal tissue engineering in particular, the emphasis of many of these studies was to select conditions that maximized functional and compositional gains in vitro. However, the transition from the favorable in vitro culture environment to a less favorable in vivo environment has proven difficult, and, in many cases, engineered tissues do not retain their preimplantation phenotype after even short periods in vivo. Our laboratory recently developed disc-like angle-ply structures (DAPS), an engineered intervertebral disc for total disc replacement. In this study, we tested six different preculture media formulations (three serum-containing and three chemically defined, with varying doses of transforming growth factor β3 [TGF-β3] and varying strategies to introduce serum) for their ability to preserve DAPS composition and metabolic activity during the transition from in vitro culture to in vivo implantation in a subcutaneous athymic rat model. We assayed implants before and after implantation to determine collagen content, glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, metabolic activity, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics. A chemically defined media condition that incorporated TGF-β3 promoted the deposition of GAG and collagen in DAPS in vitro, the maintenance of accumulated matrix in vivo, and minimal changes in the metabolic activity of cells within the construct. Preculture in serum-containing media (with or without TGF-β3) was not compatible with DAPS maturation, particularly in the nucleus pulposus (NP) region. All groups showed increased collagen production after implantation. These findings define a favorable preculture strategy for the translation of engineered discs seeded with disc cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T Martin
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,2 Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael Crescenz VA Medical Center , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,3 Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sarah E Gullbrand
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,2 Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael Crescenz VA Medical Center , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Bhavana Mohanraj
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,2 Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael Crescenz VA Medical Center , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,4 Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Beth G Ashinsky
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,2 Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael Crescenz VA Medical Center , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Dong Hwa Kim
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,2 Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael Crescenz VA Medical Center , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kensuke Ikuta
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,2 Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael Crescenz VA Medical Center , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Dawn M Elliott
- 5 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware
| | - Lachlan J Smith
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,2 Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael Crescenz VA Medical Center , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,6 Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert L Mauck
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,2 Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael Crescenz VA Medical Center , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,3 Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,4 Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Harvey E Smith
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,2 Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael Crescenz VA Medical Center , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,6 Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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32
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Treatments of Meniscus Lesions of the Knee: Current Concepts and Future Perspectives. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-017-0025-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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33
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Rothrauff BB, Shimomura K, Gottardi R, Alexander PG, Tuan RS. Anatomical region-dependent enhancement of 3-dimensional chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells by soluble meniscus extracellular matrix. Acta Biomater 2017; 49:140-151. [PMID: 27876676 PMCID: PMC5543932 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) derived from decellularized tissues has been found to promote tissue neogenesis, most likely mediated by specific biochemical and physical signaling motifs that promote tissue-specific differentiation of progenitor cells. Decellularized ECM has been suggested to be efficacious for the repair of tissue injuries. However, decellularized meniscus contains a dense collagenous structure, which impedes cell seeding and infiltration and is not readily applicable for meniscus repair. In addition, the meniscus consists of two distinct anatomical regions that differ in vascularity and cellular phenotype. The purpose of this study was to explore the region-specific bioactivity of solubilized ECM derived from the inner and outer meniscal regions as determined in 2D and 3D cultures of adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). When added as a medium supplement to 2D cultures of MSCs, urea-extracted fractions of the inner (imECM) and outer meniscal ECM (omECM) enhanced cell proliferation while imECM most strongly upregulated fibrochondrogenic differentiation on the basis of gene expression profiles. When added to 3D cultures of MSCs seeded in photocrosslinked methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) hydrogels, both ECM fractions upregulated chondrogenic differentiation as determined by gene expression and protein analyses, as well as elevated sulfated glycosaminoglycan sGAG content, compared to ECM-free controls. The chondrogenic effect at day 21 was most pronounced with imECM supplementation, but equivalent between ECM groups by day 42. Despite increased cartilage matrix, imECM and omECM constructs possessed compressive moduli similar to controls. In conclusion, soluble meniscal ECM may be considered for use as a tissue-specific reagent to enhance chondrogenesis for MSC-based 3D cartilage tissue engineering. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The inner region of the knee meniscus is frequently injured and possesses a poor intrinsic healing capacity. Solubilized extracellular matrix (ECM) derived from decellularized meniscus tissue may promote homologous differentiation of progenitor cells, thereby enhancing fibrocartilage formation within a meniscal lesion. However, the meniscus possesses regional variation in ultrastructure, biochemical composition, and cell phenotype, which may affect the bioactivity of soluble ECM derived from different regions of decellularized menisci. In this study, we demonstrate that urea-extracted fractions of ECM derived from the inner and outer regions of menisci enhance chondrogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells seeded in 3-dimensional photocrosslinkable hydrogels and that this effect is more strongly mediated by inner meniscal ECM. These findings suggest region-specific bioactivity of decellularized meniscal ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin B Rothrauff
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Kazunori Shimomura
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Medicine for Sports and Performing Arts, Department of Health and Sport Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Riccardo Gottardi
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Fondazione RiMED, Italy
| | - Peter G Alexander
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Rocky S Tuan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
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Warren PB, Huebner P, Spang JT, Shirwaiker RA, Fisher MB. Engineering 3D-Bioplotted scaffolds to induce aligned extracellular matrix deposition for musculoskeletal soft tissue replacement. Connect Tissue Res 2016; 58:342-354. [PMID: 28026970 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2016.1276177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches have the potential to overcome the challenges associated with current treatment strategies for meniscus injuries. 3D-Bioplotted scaffolds are promising, but have not demonstrated the ability to guide the formation of aligned collagenous matrix in vivo, which is critical for generating functional meniscus tissue. In this study, we evaluate the ability of 3D-Bioplotted scaffold designs with varying interstrand spacing to induce the deposition of aligned matrix in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS 3D-Bioplotted polycaprolactone scaffolds with 100, 200, or 400 μm interstrand spacing were implanted subcutaneously in a rat model for 4, 8, or 12 weeks. Scaffolds were harvested, paraffin-embedded, sectioned, and stained to visualize cell nuclei and collagen. Quantitative image analysis was used to evaluate cell density, matrix fill, and collagen fiber alignment within the scaffolds. RESULTS By 4 weeks, cells had infiltrated the innermost scaffold regions. Similarly, collagenous matrix filled interstrand regions nearly completely by 4 weeks. By 12 weeks, aligned collagen was present in all scaffolds. Generally, alignment along the scaffold strands increased over time for all three interstrand spacing groups. Distribution of collagen fiber alignment angles narrowed as interstrand spacing decreased. CONCLUSIONS 3D-Bioplotted scaffolds allow for complete cell infiltration and collagenous matrix production throughout the scaffold. The ability to use interstrand spacing as a means of controlling the formation of aligned collagen in vivo was demonstrated, which helps establish a design space for scaffold-based meniscus tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul B Warren
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC , USA and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,b Comparative Medicine Institute , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC , USA
| | - Pedro Huebner
- b Comparative Medicine Institute , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC , USA.,c Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC , USA.,d Center for Additive Manufacturing and Logistics , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC , USA
| | - Jeffrey T Spang
- e Department of Orthopedics , University of North Carolina School of Medicine , Chapel Hill , NC , USA
| | - Rohan A Shirwaiker
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC , USA and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,b Comparative Medicine Institute , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC , USA.,c Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC , USA.,d Center for Additive Manufacturing and Logistics , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC , USA
| | - Matthew B Fisher
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC , USA and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,b Comparative Medicine Institute , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC , USA.,e Department of Orthopedics , University of North Carolina School of Medicine , Chapel Hill , NC , USA
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Xu S, Li L, Tong J, Li M. Research of bionic design on tools with rostrum of cyrtotrachelus bugueti guer (coleoptera: curculionidae). Microsc Res Tech 2016; 80:478-485. [PMID: 27935654 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
To improve the torsional resistance capability of multilayered composite pipes, a bionic design was presented based on the rostrum of Cyrtotrachelus Bugueti Guer. Morphology and mechanical properties of the weevil's rostrum were studied. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was employed to observe the macro-/microstructure and inner structure. Nanoindentation was carried out to measure the elastic modulus and the hardness of the biological materials. Based on the structure of rostrum, a mathematical model of multilayered biomimetic pipe was established with the statistical methods. Then, the 3D biomimetic cylinder was built and the torsional resistance capability was analyzed using the finite element analysis. From the SEM and nanoindentation, it was found that the rostrum is a cylindrical hollow multilayered structure composed by three materials. In the transverse section of rostrum, the materials' moduli are 3.07, 3.15, and 8.64 GPa, the hardness are 172.71, 125.32, and 278.99 MPa, respectively. In the longitudinal section, the moduli are 3.01, 4.35, and 7.66 GPa, the hardness are157.46, 149.15, and 253.51 MPa, respectively. The results of simulation showed that the distributional type of lamination has a significant effect on the torsional resistance capability of multilayered structure. The biomimetic structure, which imitates the lamination of rostrum, is superior in the aspect of torsional resistance compared with the nonlaminated or uniform laminated structure. Additionally, the bionic method is feasible and efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), Jilin University at Nanling Campus, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130025, People's Republic of China.,The College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University at Nanling Campus, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130025, People's Republic of China
| | - Longhai Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China.,Institute of Bio-inspired Structure and Surface Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Jin Tong
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), Jilin University at Nanling Campus, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130025, People's Republic of China.,The College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University at Nanling Campus, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130025, People's Republic of China
| | - Mo Li
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), Jilin University at Nanling Campus, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130025, People's Republic of China.,The College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University at Nanling Campus, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130025, People's Republic of China
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36
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Danso EK, Oinas JMT, Saarakkala S, Mikkonen S, Töyräs J, Korhonen RK. Structure-function relationships of human meniscus. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 67:51-60. [PMID: 27987426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Biomechanical properties of human meniscus have been shown to be site-specific. However, it is not known which meniscus constituents at different depths and locations contribute to biomechanical properties obtained from indentation testing. Therefore, we investigated the composition and structure of human meniscus in a site- and depth-dependent manner and their relationships with tissue site-specific biomechanical properties. Elastic and poroelastic properties were analyzed from experimental stress-relaxation and sinusoidal indentation measurements with fibril reinforced poroelastic finite element modeling. Proteoglycan (PG) and collagen contents, as well as the collagen orientation angle, were determined as a function of tissue depth using microscopic and spectroscopic methods, and they were compared with biomechanical properties. For all the measurement sites (anterior, middle and posterior) of lateral and medial menisci (n=26), PG content and collagen orientation angle increased as a function of tissue depth while the collagen content had an initial sharp increase followed by a decrease across tissue depth. The highest values (p<0.05) of elastic parameters (equilibrium and instantaneous moduli) and strain-dependent biomechanical parameters (strain-dependent fibril network modulus and permeability) were observed in the anterior horn of the medial meniscus. This location had also higher (p<0.05) PG content in the deep meniscus, higher (p<0.05) collagen content in the entire tissue depth, and lower (p<0.05) collagen orientation angle at the superficial tissue, as compared to many other locations. On the other hand, in certain comparisons (such as anterior vs. middle sites of the medial meniscus) significantly higher (p<0.05) collagen content and lower orientation angle, without any difference in the PG content, were consistent with increased meniscus modulus and/or nonlinear permeability. This study suggests that nonlinear biomechanical properties of meniscus, caused by the collagen network and fluid, may be strongly influenced by tissue osmotic swelling from the deep meniscus caused by the increased PG content, leading to increased collagen fibril tension. These nonlinear biomechanical properties are suggested to be further amplified by higher collagen content at all tissue depths and superficial collagen fibril orientation. However, these structure-function relationships are suggested to be highly site-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis K Danso
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, POB 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; Diagnostic Imaging Center, Kuopio University Hospital, KYS, POB 100, FI-70029 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Joonas M T Oinas
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Simo Saarakkala
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 50, FI-90029 Oulu, Finland
| | - Santtu Mikkonen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, POB 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juha Töyräs
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, POB 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; Diagnostic Imaging Center, Kuopio University Hospital, KYS, POB 100, FI-70029 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Rami K Korhonen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, POB 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; Diagnostic Imaging Center, Kuopio University Hospital, KYS, POB 100, FI-70029 Kuopio, Finland
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Peloquin JM, Santare MH, Elliott DM. Advances in Quantification of Meniscus Tensile Mechanics Including Nonlinearity, Yield, and Failure. J Biomech Eng 2016; 138:021002. [PMID: 26720401 DOI: 10.1115/1.4032354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The meniscus provides crucial knee function and damage to it leads to osteoarthritis of the articular cartilage. Accurate measurement of its mechanical properties is therefore important, but there is uncertainty about how the test procedure affects the results, and some key mechanical properties are reported using ad hoc criteria (modulus) or not reported at all (yield). This study quantifies the meniscus' stress-strain curve in circumferential and radial uniaxial tension. A fiber recruitment model was used to represent the toe region of the stress-strain curve, and new reproducible and objective procedures were implemented for identifying the yield point and measuring the elastic modulus. Patterns of strain heterogeneity were identified using strain field measurements. To resolve uncertainty regarding whether rupture location (i.e., midsubstance rupture versus at-grip rupture) influences the measured mechanical properties, types of rupture were classified in detail and compared. Dogbone (DB)-shaped specimens are often used to promote midsubstance rupture; to determine if this is effective, we compared DB and rectangle (R) specimens in both the radial and circumferential directions. In circumferential testing, we also compared expanded tab (ET) specimens under the hypothesis that this shape would more effectively secure the meniscus' curved fibers and thus produce a stiffer response. The fiber recruitment model produced excellent fits to the data. Full fiber recruitment occurred approximately at the yield point, strongly supporting the model's physical interpretation. The strain fields, especially shear and transverse strain, were extremely heterogeneous. The shear strain field was arranged in pronounced bands of alternating positive and negative strain in a pattern similar to the fascicle structure. The site and extent of failure showed great variation, but did not affect the measured mechanical properties. In circumferential tension, ET specimens underwent earlier and more rapid fiber recruitment, had less stretch at yield, and had greater elastic modulus and peak stress. No significant differences were observed between R and DB specimens in either circumferential or radial tension. Based on these results, ET specimens are recommended for circumferential tests and R specimens for radial tests. In addition to the data obtained, the procedural and modeling advances made in this study are a significant step forward for meniscus research and are applicable to other fibrous soft tissues.
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Numpaisal PO, Rothrauff BB, Gottardi R, Chien CL, Tuan RS. Rapidly dissociated autologous meniscus tissue enhances meniscus healing: An in vitro study. Connect Tissue Res 2016; 58:355-365. [PMID: 27726454 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2016.1245727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Treatment of meniscus tears is a persistent challenge in orthopedics. Although cell therapies have shown promise in promoting fibrocartilage formation in in vitro and preclinical studies, clinical application has been limited by the paucity of autologous tissue and the need for ex vivo cell expansion. Rapid dissociation of the free edges of the anterior and posterior meniscus with subsequent implantation in a meniscus lesion may overcome these limitations. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of rapidly dissociated meniscus tissue in enhancing neotissue formation in a radial meniscus tear, as simulated in an in vitro explant model. MATERIALS AND METHODS All experiments in this study, performed at minimum with biological triplicates, utilized meniscal tissues from hind limbs of young cows. The effect of varying collagenase concentration (0.1%, 0.2% and 0.5% w/v) and treatment duration (overnight and 30 minutes) on meniscus cell viability, organization of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and gene expression was assessed through a cell metabolism assay, microscopic examination, and quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis, respectively. Thereafter, an explant model of a radial meniscus tear was used to evaluate the effect of a fibrin gel seeded with one of the following: (1) fibrin alone, (2) isolated and passaged (P2) meniscus cells, (3) overnight digested tissue, and (4) rapidly dissociated tissue. The quality of in vitro healing was determined through histological analysis and derivation of an adhesion index. RESULTS Rapid dissociation in 0.2% collagenase yielded cells with higher levels of metabolism than either 0.1% or 0.5% collagenase. When seeded in a three-dimensional fibrin hydrogel, both overnight digested and rapidly dissociated cells expressed greater levels of collagens type I and II than P2 meniscal cells at 1 week. At 4 and 8 weeks, collagen type II expression remained elevated only in the rapid dissociation group. Histological examination revealed enhanced healing in all cell-seeded treatment groups over cell-free fibrin controls at weeks 1, 4, and 8, but there were no significant differences across the treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS Rapid dissociation of meniscus tissue may provide a single-step approach to augment regenerative healing of meniscus repairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piya-On Numpaisal
- a Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh , PA , USA.,b Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology , College of Medicine, National Taiwan University , Taipei , Taiwan.,c Institute of Medicine, Suranaree University of Technology , Nakhon Ratchasima , Thailand
| | - Benjamin B Rothrauff
- a Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh , PA , USA.,d McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - Riccardo Gottardi
- a Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh , PA , USA.,e Ri.MED Foundation , Palermo , Italy
| | - Chung-Liang Chien
- b Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology , College of Medicine, National Taiwan University , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Rocky S Tuan
- a Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh , PA , USA.,d McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
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Rothrauff BB, Numpaisal PO, Lauro BB, Alexander PG, Debski RE, Musahl V, Tuan RS. Augmented repair of radial meniscus tear with biomimetic electrospun scaffold: an in vitro mechanical analysis. J Exp Orthop 2016; 3:23. [PMID: 27624439 PMCID: PMC5021645 DOI: 10.1186/s40634-016-0058-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Large radial tears that disrupt the circumferential fibers of the meniscus are associated with reduced meniscal function and increased risk of joint degeneration. Electrospun fibrous scaffolds can mimic the topography and mechanics of fibrocartilaginous tissues and simultaneously serve as carriers of cells and growth factors, yet their incorporation into clinically relevant suture repair techniques for radial meniscus tears is unexplored. The purposes of this study were to (1) evaluate the effect of fiber orientation on the tensile properties and suture-retention strength of multilayered electrospun scaffolds and (2) determine the mechanical effects of scaffold inclusion within a surgical repair of a simulated radial meniscal tear. The experimental hypothesis was that augmentation with a multilayered scaffold would not compromise the strength of the repair. Methods Three multilayered electrospun scaffolds with different fiber orientations were fabricated–aligned, random, and biomimetic. The biomimetic scaffold was comprised of four layers in the following order (deep to superficial)–aligned longitudinal, aligned transverse, aligned longitudinal, and random–respectively corresponding to circumferential, radial, circumferential, and superficial collagen fibers of the native meniscus. Material properties (i.e., ultimate stress, modulus, etc.) of the scaffolds were determined in the parallel and perpendicular directions, as was suture retention strength. Complete radial tears of lateral bovine meniscus explants were repaired with a double horizontal mattress suture technique, with or without inclusion of the biomimetic scaffold sheath. Both repair groups, as well as native controls, were cyclically loaded between 5 and 20 N for 500 cycles and then loaded to failure. Clamp-to-clamp distance (i.e., residual elongation) was measured following various cycles. Ultimate load, ultimate elongation, and stiffness, were also determined. Group differences were evaluated by one-way ANOVA or Student’s t-test where appropriate. Results Aligned scaffolds possessed the most anisotropic mechanical properties, whereas random scaffolds showed uniform properties in the parallel and perpendicular directions. In comparison, the biomimetic scaffold possessed moduli in the parallel (68.7 ± 14.7 MPa) and perpendicular (39.4 ± 11.6 MPa) directions that respectively approximate the reported circumferential and radial tensile properties of native menisci. The ultimate suture retention load of the biomimetic scaffold in the parallel direction (7.2 ± 1.6 N) was significantly higher than all other conditions (p < 0.001). Biomimetic scaffold augmentation did not compromise mechanical properties when compared against suture repair in terms of residual elongation after 500 cycles (scaffold: 5.05 ± 0.89 mm vs. repair: 4.78 ± 1.24 mm), ultimate failure load (137.1 ± 31.0 N vs. 124.4 ± 21.4 N), ultimate elongation (12.09 ± 5.89 mm vs. 10.14 ± 4.61 mm), and stiffness (20.8 ± 3.6 vs. 18.4 ± 4.7 N/mm). Conclusions While multilayered scaffold sheets were successfully fabricated to mimic the ultrastructure and anisotropic tensile properties of native menisci, improvements in suture retention strength or adoption of superior surgical techniques will be needed to further enhance the mechanical strength of repairs of radial meniscal tears.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin B Rothrauff
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Room 221, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Piya-On Numpaisal
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Room 221, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.,College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Brian B Lauro
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Room 221, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peter G Alexander
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Room 221, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Richard E Debski
- Orthopaedic Robotics Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Volker Musahl
- Orthopaedic Robotics Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rocky S Tuan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Room 221, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA. .,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.
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40
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Mechanical properties and cellular response of novel electrospun nanofibers for ligament tissue engineering: Effects of orientation and geometry. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 61:258-270. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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41
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Narayanan LK, Huebner P, Fisher MB, Spang JT, Starly B, Shirwaiker RA. 3D-Bioprinting of Polylactic Acid (PLA) Nanofiber–Alginate Hydrogel Bioink Containing Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:1732-1742. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh Karthik Narayanan
- Edward
P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, 400 Daniels Hall, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Center
for Additive Manufacturing and Logistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Comparative
Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Pedro Huebner
- Edward
P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, 400 Daniels Hall, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Center
for Additive Manufacturing and Logistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Comparative
Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Matthew B. Fisher
- Comparative
Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Joint
Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Engineering Building
III, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Department
of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Jeffrey T. Spang
- Department
of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Binil Starly
- Edward
P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, 400 Daniels Hall, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Center
for Additive Manufacturing and Logistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Comparative
Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Joint
Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Engineering Building
III, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Rohan A. Shirwaiker
- Edward
P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, 400 Daniels Hall, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Center
for Additive Manufacturing and Logistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Comparative
Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Joint
Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Engineering Building
III, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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Yang G, Lin H, Rothrauff BB, Yu S, Tuan RS. Multilayered polycaprolactone/gelatin fiber-hydrogel composite for tendon tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2016; 35:68-76. [PMID: 26945631 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Regeneration of injured tendon and ligament (T&L) remains a clinical challenge due to their poor intrinsic healing capacity. Tissue engineering provides a promising alternative treatment approach to facilitate T&L healing and regeneration. Successful tendon tissue engineering requires the use of three-dimensional (3D) biomimetic scaffolds that possess the physical and biochemical features of native tendon tissue. We report here the development and characterization of a novel composite scaffold fabricated by co-electrospinning of poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) and methacrylated gelatin (mGLT). We found that photocrosslinking retained mGLT, resulted in a uniform distribution of mGLT throughout the depth of scaffold and also preserved scaffold mechanical strength. Moreover, photocrosslinking was able to integrate stacked scaffold sheets to form multilayered constructs that mimic the structure of native tendon tissues. Importantly, cells impregnated into the constructs remained responsive to topographical cues and exogenous tenogenic factors, such as TGF-β3. The excellent biocompatibility and highly integrated structure of the scaffold developed in this study will allow the creation of a more advanced tendon graft that possesses the architecture and cell phenotype of native tendon tissues. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The clinical challenges in tendon repair have spurred the development of tendon tissue engineering approaches to create functional tissue replacements. In this study, we have developed a novel composite scaffold as a tendon graft consisting of aligned poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) microfibers and methacrylated gelatin (mGLT). Cell seeding and photocrosslinking between scaffold layers can be performed simultaneously to create cell impregnated multilayered constructs. This cell-scaffold construct combines the advantages of PCL nanofibrous scaffolds and photocrosslinked gelatin hydrogels to mimic the structure, mechanical anisotropy, and cell phenotype of native tendon tissue. The scaffold engineered here as a building block for multilayer constructs should have applications beyond tendon tissue engineering in the fabrication of tissue grafts that consist of both fibrous and hydrogel components.
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Han WM, Heo SJ, Driscoll TP, Delucca JF, McLeod CM, Smith LJ, Duncan RL, Mauck RL, Elliott DM. Microstructural heterogeneity directs micromechanics and mechanobiology in native and engineered fibrocartilage. NATURE MATERIALS 2016; 15:477-84. [PMID: 26726994 PMCID: PMC4805445 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Treatment strategies to address pathologies of fibrocartilaginous tissue are in part limited by an incomplete understanding of structure-function relationships in these load-bearing tissues. There is therefore a pressing need to develop micro-engineered tissue platforms that can recreate the highly inhomogeneous tissue microstructures that are known to influence mechanotransductive processes in normal and diseased tissue. Here, we report the quantification of proteoglycan-rich microdomains in developing, ageing and diseased fibrocartilaginous tissues, and the impact of these microdomains on endogenous cell responses to physiologic deformation within a native-tissue context. We also developed a method to generate heterogeneous tissue-engineered constructs (hetTECs) with non-fibrous proteoglycan-rich microdomains engineered into the fibrous structure, and show that these hetTECs match the microstructural, micromechanical and mechanobiological benchmarks of native tissue. Our tissue-engineered platform should facilitate the study of the mechanobiology of developing, homeostatic, degenerating and regenerating fibrous tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojin M Han
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Su-Jin Heo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Tristan P Driscoll
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - John F Delucca
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware
| | - Claire M McLeod
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Lachlan J Smith
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Randall L Duncan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware
| | - Robert L Mauck
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
- Addresses for Correspondence: Dawn M. Elliott, Ph.D., Professor and Director of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, 161 Colburn Laboratory, Newark, DE 19716, Phone: (302) 831-4578, . Robert L. Mauck, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery and Bioengineering, Director, McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 36 Street and Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Phone: (215) 898-3294,
| | - Dawn M Elliott
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware
- Addresses for Correspondence: Dawn M. Elliott, Ph.D., Professor and Director of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, 161 Colburn Laboratory, Newark, DE 19716, Phone: (302) 831-4578, . Robert L. Mauck, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery and Bioengineering, Director, McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 36 Street and Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Phone: (215) 898-3294,
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Donahue T. WITHDRAWN: Meniscus mechanics and mechanobiology. J Biomech 2015:S0021-9290(15)00218-3. [PMID: 25936969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of an article that has already been published, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.03.020. The duplicate article has therefore been withdrawn. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Donahue
- School of Biomedical Engineering Mechanical Engineering, Building A106 Engineering, United States.
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