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De Moudt S, Hendrickx JO, De Meyer GRY, Martinet W, Fransen P. Basal Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Tone in eNOS Knockout Mice Can Be Reversed by Cyclic Stretch and Is Independent of Age. Front Physiol 2022; 13:882527. [PMID: 35574444 PMCID: PMC9096105 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.882527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and Aims: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) knockout mice develop pronounced cardiovascular disease. In the present study, we describe the alterations in aortic physiology and biomechanics of eNOS knockout and C57Bl/6 control mice at 2–12 months of age, including a thorough physiological investigation of age and cyclic stretch-dependent VSMC contractility and aortic stiffness. Methods and Results: Peripheral blood pressure and aortic pulse wave velocity were measured in vivo, and aortic biomechanical studies and isometric contractions were investigated ex vivo. Age-dependent progression of aortic stiffness, peripheral hypertension, and aortic contractility in eNOS knockout mice was absent, attenuated, or similar to C57Bl/6 control mice. Voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC)-dependent calcium influx inversely affected isometric contraction and aortic stiffening by α1-adrenergic stimulation in eNOS knockout mice. Baseline aortic stiffness was selectively reduced in eNOS knockout mice after ex vivo cyclic stretch exposure in an amplitude-dependent manner, which prompted us to investigate cyclic stretch dependent regulation of aortic contractility and stiffness. Aortic stiffness, both in baseline conditions and after activation of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) contraction, was reduced with increasing cyclic stretch amplitude. This cyclic stretch dependency was attenuated with age, although aged eNOS knockout mice displayed better preservation of cyclic stretch-dependency compared to C57Bl/6 control mice. Store operated calcium entry-medicated aortic stiffening as induced by inhibiting sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase pumps with 10 µM CPA was most pronounced in the aorta of aged mice and at low cyclic stretch amplitude, but independent of eNOS. Basal aortic tonus and VSMC depolarization were highly dependent on eNOS, and were most pronounced at low cyclic stretch, with attenuation at increasing cyclic stretch amplitude. Conclusion: eNOS knockout mice display attenuated progression of arterial disease as compared to C57Bl/6 control mice. Basal VSMC tone in eNOS knockout mice could be reduced by ex vivo exposure to cyclic stretch through stretch-dependent regulation of cytosolic calcium. Both baseline and active aortic stiffness were highly dependent on cyclic stretch regulation, which was more pronounced in young versus aged mice. Other mediators of VSMC contraction and calcium handling were dependent on cyclic stretch mechanotransduction, but independent of eNOS.
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Yang D, Wei GY, Li M, Peng MS, Sun Y, Zhang YL, Lu C, Qing KX, Cai HB. Cyclic tensile strain facilitates proliferation and migration of human aortic smooth muscle cells and reduces their apoptosis via miRNA-187-3p. Bioengineered 2021; 12:11439-11450. [PMID: 34895047 PMCID: PMC8810176 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2009321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardiovascular is a system that contains extremely complex mechanical factors, in which the circulatory flow of blood has rich mechanical laws. Many studies have revealed that mechanical factors play a very important role in the process of revascularization. Hence, it is essential to investigate the mechanical factors in the process of revascularization in depth. A cyclic tensile strain (CTS) was applied to human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) at a frequency of 1 Hz and amplitudes of 5%, 10% and 15%, respectively. SmallRNA-seq was used to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) responding to CTS in HASMCs. Starbase database predicted the target genes of DE-miRNAs. Metascape was applied for GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and protein–protein interaction network construction. The proliferation and migration of CTS-treated HASMCs were significantly enhanced, and apoptosis were significantly reduced compared to the control group. SmallRNA-seq results demonstrated that 55, 16 and 16 DE-miRNAs were present in 5%, 10% and 15% CTS-treated HASMCs, respectively. Compared to controls, with miR-26a-2-3p and miR-187-3p being the intersection of these DE-miRNAs. Starbase database identified 189 common target genes for miR-26a-2-3p and miR-187-3p. Common target genes are mainly enriched in the basolateral plasma membrane and endocytosis. Further, in vitro experiments exhibited that CTS upregulated miR-187-3p expression, and miR-187-3p enhanced the proliferation and migration of HASMCs and reduced their apoptosis. It is suggested that miR-187-3p may be an important target for CTS participate in the process of cardiovascular disease. ![]() ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Guang-Yuan Wei
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ming-Sheng Peng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yan-Liang Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chuang Lu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Kai-Xiong Qing
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hong-Bo Cai
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Wang N, He D, Zhou Y, Wen J, Liu X, Li P, Yang Y, Cheng J. Hydroxysafflor yellow A actives BK Ca channels and inhibits L-type Ca channels to induce vascular relaxation. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 870:172873. [PMID: 31866408 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxy-safflor yellow A (HSYA) can exert a variety of effects upon the vascular system. However, the underlying mechanisms are not clear. The present study is to investigate its vasodilating effect and the mechanisms. Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were enrolled for studying effects of HSYA on blood pressure, vasodilation, intracellular Ca2+ transient and membrane ion channels. Vasodilation and intracellular Ca2+ transient were measured by using vasomotor assay and fluorescence imaging system, respectively. The effect of HSYA on the large conductance Ca2+ activated and voltage-gated potassium channel (BKCa channel) currents in rat mesentery artery and on L-type calcium channel (Ca-L) currents in HEK293cells expressed with Ca-L were investigated using patch clamp techniques. Blood pressure of SHR and WKY rats were concentration dependently reduced by HSYA with a larger effect of HSYA in SHR than that in WKY rats. The tension of mesenteric arteries induced by 3 μM phenylephrine was attenuated by HSYA (IC50 = 90.8 μΜ). Patch clamp study showed that HSYA could activate BKCa channels and suppress Ca-L channels in a concentration dependent manner. The results of calcium signaling assays indicated that HSYA could reduce the intracellular free Ca2+ level. These findings demonstrate that HSYA could activate BKCa channels and inhibit Ca-L channels and reduce intracellular free Ca2+ level, which are probably important for its vasodilatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongmei He
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanqun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Wen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Pengyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
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Gu K, Guan Z, Lin X, Feng Y, Feng J, Yang Y, Zhang Z, Chang Y, Ling Y, Wan F. Numerical analysis of aortic hemodynamics under the support of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and intra-aortic balloon pump. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 182:105041. [PMID: 31465978 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.105041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE A gap still exists in the hemodynamic effect of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO), and VA-ECMO plus IABP on the blood perfusion of the coronary artery, brain, and lower limb; the relation between heart flow and ECMO flow; and the wall stress of vessels. METHODS A finite-element model of the aorta, ECMO, and IABP was proposed to calculate the mechanical response via fluid-structure interaction. Heart failure (HF), IABP, ECMO, and ECMO plus IABP were utilized to study the effect of support models. RESULTS For the pressure curve, VA-ECMO weakened the dicrotic notch of pressure compared with HF and the pulsatile index (0.494 vs. 0.706 vs. 0.471 vs. 0.613). IABP, ECMO, and ECMO plus IABP increased the perfusion of the coronary, brain, and renal artery compared with HF. However, ECMO and ECMO plus IABP clearly reduced the blood flow of the left arteria femoralis compared to that of the right arteria femoralis (ECMO: 194.04 vs. 730.80 mL/min; ECMO plus IABP: 342.15 vs. 947.22 mL/min). In addition, the flow of ECMO accessed the renal artery more than the left ventricular flow. Greater ventricular flow perfused to the renal artery at a diastolic period for ECMO plus IABP, especially at the time points of 2.192 s and 2.304 s. Compared to the velocity distribution with ECMO, the flow of the right arteria femoralis was increased in the process of IABP-on. According to these four cases, the stress of the vascular wall was increased for ECMO support at the systolic period. The peak wall stress of ECMO is increased by 20% at 1.68 s. CONCLUSIONS ECMO plus IABP is more conducive to the blood supply than other cases from the result of numerical simulation. The location of blood intersection was generated in the region of the renal artery, which is estimated carefully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyun Gu
- Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhiyuan Guan
- Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xuanqi Lin
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 200120, China
| | - Yunzhen Feng
- Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, 150 Jimo Rd., Pudong District, Shanghai 100124, China
| | - Jieli Feng
- Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yujie Yang
- Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yu Chang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 200120, China.
| | - Yunpeng Ling
- Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Feng Wan
- Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, 150 Jimo Rd., Pudong District, Shanghai 100124, China
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Liu S, Gao X, Wu X, Yu Y, Yu Z, Zhao S, Zhao H. BK channels regulate calcium oscillations in ventricular myocytes on different substrate stiffness. Life Sci 2019; 235:116802. [PMID: 31472150 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Substrate stiffness is essential for cell functions, but the mechanisms by which cell sense mechanical cues are still unclear. Here we show that the frequency and the amplitude of spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations were greater in chick cardiomyocytes cultured on the stiff substrates than that on the soft substrates. The spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations were increased on stiff substrates. However, an eliminated dependence of the Ca2+ oscillations on substrate stiffness was observed after applying blocker of the large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels. In addition, the activity of BK channels in cardiomyocytes cultured on the stiff substrates was decreased. These results provide compelling evidences to show that BK channels are crucial in substrate stiffness-dependent regulation of the Ca2+ oscillation in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Liu
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Gao
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine, 295 Congress Avenue, New Haven, CT 06536, USA
| | - Xiaoan Wu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Yang Yu
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Zhang Yu
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Sui Zhao
- Affiliated High School of Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Hucheng Zhao
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
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Toft-Bertelsen TL, Larsen BR, MacAulay N. Sensing and regulation of cell volume - we know so much and yet understand so little: TRPV4 as a sensor of volume changes but possibly without a volume-regulatory role? Channels (Austin) 2019; 12:100-108. [PMID: 29424275 PMCID: PMC5972811 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2018.1438009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular volume changes lead to initiation of cell volume regulatory events, the molecular identity of which remains unresolved. We here discuss experimental challenges associated with investigation of volume regulation during application of large, non-physiological osmotic gradients. The TRPV4 ion channel responds to volume increase irrespectively of the molecular mechanism underlying cell swelling, and is thus considered a sensor of volume changes. Evidence pointing towards the involvement of TRPV4 in subsequent volume regulatory mechanisms is intriguing, yet far from conclusive. We here present an experimental setting with astrocytic cell swelling in the absence of externally applied osmotic gradients, and the lack of evidence for involvement of TRPV4 in this regulatory volume response. Our aim with these new data and the preceding discussion is to stimulate further experimental effort in this area of research to clarify the role of TRPV4 and other channels and transporters in regulatory volume responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian R Larsen
- a Department of Neuroscience , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Nanna MacAulay
- a Department of Neuroscience , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
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Zhu Y, Qu J, He L, Zhang F, Zhou Z, Yang S, Zhou Y. Calcium in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Elasticity and Adhesion: Novel Insights Into the Mechanism of Action. Front Physiol 2019; 10:852. [PMID: 31440163 PMCID: PMC6693425 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the predominant cell type in the arterial wall. These cells play a critical role in maintaining vascular homeostasis including vasoconstriction and vasodilatation through active contraction and relaxation. Dysregulation of VSMC function alters the response of blood vessels to mechanical stress, contributing to the pathogenesis of vascular diseases, particularly atherosclerosis and hypertension. The stiffness of VSMCs is a major regulator of vascular function. Previous studies suggest that intracellular Ca2+ controls the stiffness of VSMCs by a mechanism involving myosin contractile apparatus. More recent studies highlight important functions of cytoskeletal α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), α5β1 integrin, and integrin-mediated cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions in Ca2+-dependent regulation of VSMC stiffness and adhesion to the ECM, providing novel insights into the mechanism of calcium action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Jing Qu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li He
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Feng Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zijing Zhou
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shanzhong Yang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Yong Zhou
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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Desai A, Geraghty S, Dean D. Effects of blocking integrin β1 and N-cadherin cellular interactions on mechanical properties of vascular smooth muscle cells. J Biomech 2018; 82:337-345. [PMID: 30503562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Experimental measurements of cellular mechanical properties have shown large variability in whole-cell mechanical properties between cells from a single population. This heterogeneity has been observed in many cell populations and with several measurement techniques but the sources are not yet fully understood. Cell mechanical properties are directly related to the composition and organization of the cytoskeleton, which is physically coupled to neighboring cells through adherens junctions and to underlying matrix through focal adhesion complexes. This high level of heterogeneity may be attributed to varying cellular interactions throughout the sample. We tested the effect of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions on the mechanical properties of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in culture by using antibodies to block N-cadherin and integrin β1 interactions. VSMCs were cultured on substrates of varying stiffness with and without tension. Under each of these conditions, cellular mechanical properties were characterized by performing atomic force microscopy (AFM) and cellular structure was analyzed through immunofluorescence imaging. As expected, VSMC mechanical properties were greatly affected by the underlying culture substrate and applied tension. Interestingly, the cell-to-cell variation in mechanical properties within each sample decreased significantly in the antibody conditions. Thus, the cells grown with blocking antibodies were more homogeneous in their mechanical properties on both glass and soft substrates. This suggests that diversified adhesion binding between cells and the ECM is responsible for a significant amount of mechanical heterogeneity that is observed in 2D cell culture studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aesha Desai
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Sandra Geraghty
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Delphine Dean
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
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Dopico AM, Bukiya AN, Jaggar JH. Calcium- and voltage-gated BK channels in vascular smooth muscle. Pflugers Arch 2018; 470:1271-1289. [PMID: 29748711 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2151-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ion channels in vascular smooth muscle regulate myogenic tone and vessel contractility. In particular, activation of calcium- and voltage-gated potassium channels of large conductance (BK channels) results in outward current that shifts the membrane potential toward more negative values, triggering a negative feed-back loop on depolarization-induced calcium influx and SM contraction. In this short review, we first present the molecular basis of vascular smooth muscle BK channels and the role of subunit composition and trafficking in the regulation of myogenic tone and vascular contractility. BK channel modulation by endogenous signaling molecules, and paracrine and endocrine mediators follows. Lastly, we describe the functional changes in smooth muscle BK channels that contribute to, or are triggered by, common physiological conditions and pathologies, including obesity, diabetes, and systemic hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Dopico
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 71 South Manassas St., Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
| | - Anna N Bukiya
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 71 South Manassas St., Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Jonathan H Jaggar
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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