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Hong SW, Kim JH, Cha HA, Chung KS, Bae HJ, Park WS, Ham JS, Park BY, Oh MH. Identification and Characterization of a Bacteriocin from the Newly Isolated Bacillus subtilis HD15 with Inhibitory Effects against Bacillus cereus. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:1462-1470. [PMID: 36310361 PMCID: PMC9720079 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2208.08006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Natural antimicrobial substances are needed as alternatives to synthetic antimicrobials to protect against foodborne pathogens. In this study, a bacteriocin-producing bacterium, Bacillus subtilis HD15, was isolated from doenjang, a traditional Korean fermented soybean paste. We sequenced the complete genome of B. subtilis HD15. This genome size was 4,173,431 bp with a G + C content of of 43.58%, 4,305 genes, and 4,222 protein-coding genes with predicted functions, including a subtilosin A gene cluster. The bacteriocin was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, Diethylaminoethanol-Sepharose chromatography, and Sephacryl gel filtration, with 12.4-fold purification and 26.2% yield, respectively. The purified protein had a molecular weight of 3.6 kDa. The N-terminal amino acid sequence showed the highest similarity to Bacillus subtilis 168 subtilosin A (78%) but only 68% similarity to B. tequilensis subtilosin proteins, indicating that the antimicrobial substance isolated from B. subtilis HD15 is a novel bacteriocin related to subtilosin A. The purified protein from B. subtilis HD15 exhibited high antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes and Bacillus cereus. It showed stable activity in the range 0-70°C and pH 2-10 and was completely inhibited by protease, proteinase K, and pronase E treatment, suggesting that it is a proteinaceous substance. These findings support the potential industrial applications of the novel bacteriocin purified from B. subtilis HD15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Wook Hong
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hui Kim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun A Cha
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun Sub Chung
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Ju Bae
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Seo Park
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Sang Ham
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Young Park
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hwa Oh
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-63-238-7379 Fax: +82-63-238-7397 E-mail:
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Luo Z, Sun H, Hao S, Ma Y, Zhang Z, Feng S, Bai X. First report of a disease caused by Bacillus cereus in cultured loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2021; 147:87-95. [PMID: 34854820 DOI: 10.3354/dao03629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus cereus is commonly considered a bacterium pathogenic to mammals, but several studies have suggested that it also induces diseases in fish. In 2017 and 2018, 2 strains of B. cereus, NQ-2017-17 and NQ-2018-8, were isolated from diseased large-scale loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus in Tianjin, China, and were considered to be the pathogens responsible for the disease. These stains were identified as B. cereus based on the results of 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis, Vitek biochemical tests, physiological and biochemical tests, and B. cereus group species-specific PCR. Strains NQ-2017-7 and NQ-2018-8 were found to contain virulence genes (e.g. hblA, hblC, hblD, entFM, and bceT) causing pathological damage to the spleen, kidneys, liver, and gills of loach. The median lethal dose (LD50) of NQ-2017-7 and NQ-2018-8 for loach were 1.0 ×106.64 and 1.0 ×106.49 CFU ml-1, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report of loach disease caused by a member of the genus Bacillus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Luo
- Tianjin Fisheries Research Institute, 442 Jiefangnan Road, Tianjin 300221, PR China
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Kim IS, Hwang CW, Yang WS, Kim CH. Current Perspectives on the Physiological Activities of Fermented Soybean-Derived Cheonggukjang. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5746. [PMID: 34072216 PMCID: PMC8198423 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cheonggukjang (CGJ, fermented soybean paste), a traditional Korean fermented dish, has recently emerged as a functional food that improves blood circulation and intestinal regulation. Considering that excessive consumption of refined salt is associated with increased incidence of gastric cancer, high blood pressure, and stroke in Koreans, consuming CGJ may be desirable, as it can be made without salt, unlike other pastes. Soybeans in CGJ are fermented by Bacillus strains (B. subtilis or B. licheniformis), Lactobacillus spp., Leuconostoc spp., and Enterococcus faecium, which weaken the activity of putrefactive bacteria in the intestines, act as antibacterial agents against pathogens, and facilitate the excretion of harmful substances. Studies on CGJ have either focused on improving product quality or evaluating the bioactive substances contained in CGJ. The fermentation process of CGJ results in the production of enzymes and various physiologically active substances that are not found in raw soybeans, including dietary fiber, phospholipids, isoflavones (e.g., genistein and daidzein), phenolic acids, saponins, trypsin inhibitors, and phytic acids. These components prevent atherosclerosis, oxidative stress-mediated heart disease and inflammation, obesity, diabetes, senile dementia, cancer (e.g., breast and lung), and osteoporosis. They have also been shown to have thrombolytic, blood pressure-lowering, lipid-lowering, antimutagenic, immunostimulatory, anti-allergic, antibacterial, anti-atopic dermatitis, anti-androgenetic alopecia, and anti-asthmatic activities, as well as skin improvement properties. In this review, we examined the physiological activities of CGJ and confirmed its potential as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il-Sup Kim
- Advanced Bio-Resource Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Cher-Won Hwang
- Global Leadership School, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Korea
| | | | - Cheorl-Ho Kim
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Science and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea
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Baharudin MMAA, Ngalimat MS, Mohd Shariff F, Balia Yusof ZN, Karim M, Baharum SN, Sabri S. Antimicrobial activities of Bacillus velezensis strains isolated from stingless bee products against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251514. [PMID: 33974665 PMCID: PMC8112681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have reached epidemic proportions globally. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a continuous supply of antibiotics to combat the problem. In this study, bacteria initially identified as species belonging to the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens operational group were re-identified based on the housekeeping gene, gyrB. Cell-free supernatants (CFS) from the strains were used for antimicrobial tests using the agar well diffusion assay against MRSA and various types of pathogenic bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and physicochemical characteristics of the CFS were determined. Based on gyrB sequence analysis, five strains (PD9, B7, PU1, BP1 and L9) were identified as Bacillus velezensis. The CFS of all B. velezensis strains showed broad inhibitory activities against Gram-negative and -positive as well as MRSA strains. Strain PD9 against MRSA ATCC 33742 was chosen for further analysis as it showed the biggest zone of inhibition (21.0 ± 0.4 mm). The MIC and MBC values obtained were 125 μl/ml. The crude antimicrobial extract showed bactericidal activity and was stable at various temperatures (40–80°C), pH (4–12), surfactants (Tween 20, Tween 80, SDS and Triton X-100) and metal ions (MgCI2, NaCI2, ZnNO3 and CuSO4) when tested. However, the crude extract was not stable when treated with proteinase K. All these properties resembled the characteristics of peptides. The antimicrobial compound from the selected strain was purified by using solvent extraction method and silica gel column chromatography. The purified compound was subjected to High Performance Liquid Chromatography which resulted in a single peak of the anti-MRSA compound being detected. The molecular weight of the anti-MRSA compound was determined by using SDS-PAGE and zymogram. The size of the purified antimicrobial peptide was approximately ~ 5 kDa. The antimicrobial peptide produced from B. velezensis strain PD9 is a promising alternative to combat the spread of MRSA infections in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Malik Al-adil Baharudin
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Syazwan Ngalimat
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fairolniza Mohd Shariff
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zetty Norhana Balia Yusof
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Murni Karim
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Syarul Nataqain Baharum
- Metabolomics Research Laboratory, Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Suriana Sabri
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
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Antimicrobial and bacteriostatic activity of surfactants against B. subtilis for microbial cleaner formulation. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:3389-3397. [PMID: 33884457 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02328-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cleaning products containing live bacteria that form spores of Bacillus spp. as active substances are becoming increasingly common in probiotic cleaner formulation. The quality of cleaning performance for the production of probiotic cleaners does not only depend on the potential of the bacterial strains used, but also on the chemical components of the formulations. In this study, the surfactants and other additives were investigated as biocidal or bacteriostatic against B. subtilis, and the viability of B. subtilis was examined at different pH ranges for microbial cleaner formulation. As a result, it was discovered that the B. subtilis, which can be used in the microbial cleaner formulation, shows higher growth and viability at the neutral pH, and it passes into the death phase at pH 3. According to antagonistic activity results, the Gram-positive S. aureus and K. pneumoniae were the most sensitive bacteria while B. cereus was the most resistant bacteria. The anionic surfactants such as linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acid and sodium lauryl ether sulfate act as bacteriostatic on Bacillus spp. and do not cause cell death. In the view of these results, the usage of appropriate bacterial cultures and the correct stabilization of the formulations are also critical elements in the development of microbial cleaner formulations.
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Ran J, Jiao L, Zhao R, Zhu M, Shi J, Xu B, Pan L. Characterization of a novel antifungal protein produced by Paenibacillus polymyxa isolated from the wheat rhizosphere. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:1901-1909. [PMID: 32895910 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the disasters that seriously harm wheat and other small grain crops. It causes spoilage and mildew of the grain leading to a significant decline in the yield and quality of the grain. This research aimed to isolate antagonistic bacteria to purify antifungal proteins. A strain was isolated from the rhizosphere of healthy wheat in a wheat field affected by a severe FHB epidemic. This isolated strain was tentatively identified as Paenibacillus polymyxa 7F1, which displayed a strong inhibitory effect against several other pathogens. One novel antifungal protein was purified from the P. polymyxa 7F1 and successfully expressed. RESULTS A crude culture of P. polymyxa 7F1 demonstrated antifungal activity that was stable at a temperature range of 60-90 °C and a pH range of 2.6-9.0. However, the antifungal activity of the P. polymyxa 7F1 was inhibited with proteinase K, trypsin, and neutral protease treatment. A 36 kDa protein with broad-spectrum antifungal activity was purified from the P. polymyxa 7F1. A glycosyl hydrolase domain was identified from this protein through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. A recombinant plasmid pET32a(+)/36kd for prokaryotic expression was constructed, and the renatured p36kd protein demonstrated similar antifungal activity to the 36 kDa protein purified from the P. polymyxa 7F1. CONCLUSION A novel antifungal protein produced by P. polymyxa 7F1 was purified and expressed. The recombinant protein showed good antifungal activity as the novel purified protein. The novel antifungal protein provides an effective way to control the Fusarium head blight. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjian Ran
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingxia Jiao
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixiang Zhao
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingming Zhu
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianrong Shi
- Institute of Food Safety, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Baocheng Xu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Pan
- Province Key Laboratory of Transformation and Utilization of Cereal Resource, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
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Hussien H, Elbehiry A, Saad M, Hadad G, Moussa I, Dawoud T, Mubarak A, Marzouk E. Molecular characterization of Escherichia coli isolated from cheese and biocontrol of Shiga toxigenic E. coli with essential oils. Ital J Food Saf 2019; 8:8291. [PMID: 31632932 PMCID: PMC6784595 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2019.8291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The current research was carried out to study the incidence of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in Egyptian cheese (Kariesh and Ras) and molecular characterization of certain E. coli virulence genes (stx1, stx2, eaeA, hlyA and fimH) using multiplex PCR technique. Biocontrol of E. coli with essential oils (clove and thyme oil) was also studied. A total of 150 random samples of Kariesh and Ras cheese (75 each) were collected from various areas in Governorate of Menoufia. According to our results, the frequency of E. coli isolated from Kariesh and Ras cheese was 16% and 5.3%, respectively. Serological identification classified the E. coli strains into two groups, enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) serogroup (O26: H11, O91: H21, O111: H2 and O103: H2). While the enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) serogroup were detected as O125: H21 which is the most prevalent strain. O171: H2, O86 and O119: H6 belonging to enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC). The most prevalent gene detected in E. coli strains was stx1 (87.5%) followed by stx2 (86%), fimH (75%), hlyA (50%) and eaeA (25%) genes. Concerning the antimicrobial activity with essential oils, thyme oil (1%) is considered as the bactericidal effect against E. coli (ATCC35150) with improved the sensory evaluation than clove oil (1%). In conclusion, Kariesh and Ras cheese are extremely tainted with pathogenic E. coli strains, which represent a strong hazard on the human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Hussien
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Ayman Elbehiry
- Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Egypt.,Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa Saad
- Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shebin Al-Kom, Menofia University, Egypt
| | - Ghada Hadad
- Department of Animal Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Ihab Moussa
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Turki Dawoud
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Mubarak
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Marzouk
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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Islam MN, Choi J, Baek KH. Control of Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria by Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Ginkgo biloba L. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2019; 16:661-670. [PMID: 31268372 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2018.2496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytic bacteria (EB) are a prospective source of natural and novel bioactive compounds with pharmaceutical relevance. In the present study, a total of 50 EB were isolated from the fruits and leaves of ginkgo tree (Ginkgo biloba L.), the only living species in the division Ginkgophyta and popularly known as a living fossil. All the isolated EB were screened for their antibacterial activity against five deleterious foodborne pathogenic bacteria namely Escherichia coli ATCC 43890, Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 19586, Bacillus cereus ATCC 10876, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC19115, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 12600. Among the isolated EB, GbF-96, GbF-97, and GbF-98 exhibited antibacterial activity against all the pathogenic bacteria tested, with inhibition zone ranging from 33.47 to 9.55 mm. GbF-96, identified as Bacillus subtilis, exerted the highest antibacterial activity against all the tested bacteria. In contrast, the ethyl acetate extract of GbF-96 showed antibacterial activity against only B. cereus, E. coli, and Salmonella Typhimurium. Scanning electron microscopy results indicated cracked and irregular, swollen, shrunken, and lysed cell surfaces of the pathogenic bacteria treated with ethyl acetate extract of GbF-96 or B. subtilis, indicating that the metabolites of GbF-96 might penetrate the bacterial cell membranes and evoke pathways inducing cell lysis. Together, the data suggest that B. subtilis from G. biloba can be a potential candidate for controlling dreadful foodborne pathogenic bacteria, either by itself or by its metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nurul Islam
- Soil Resource Development Institute, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Jinhee Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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Optimization of fermentation conditions through response surface methodology for enhanced antibacterial metabolite production by Streptomyces sp. 1-14 from cassava rhizosphere. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206497. [PMID: 30427885 PMCID: PMC6241123 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces species 1-14 isolated from cassava rhizosphere soil were evaluated for their antibacterial efficacy against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense race 4 (FOC4). Of the 63 strains tested, thirteen exhibited potent antibacterial properties and were further screened against eight fungal pathogens. The strain that showed maximum inhibition against all of the test pathogens was identified by 16S rDNA sequencing as Streptomyces sp. 1-14, was selected for further studies. Through the propagation of Streptomyces sp. 1-14 in soil under simulated conditions, we found that FOC4 did not significantly influence the multiplication and survival of Streptomyces sp. 1-14, while indigenous microorganisms in the soil did significantly influence Streptomyces sp. 1-14 populations. To achieve maximum metabolite production, the growth of Streptomyces 1-14 was optimized through response surface methodology employing Plackett-Burman design, path of steepest ascent determinations and Box-Behnken design. The final optimized fermentation conditions (g/L) included: glucose, 38.877; CaCl2•2H2O, 0.161; temperature, 29.97°C; and inoculation amount, 8.93%. This optimization resulted in an antibacterial activity of 56.13% against FOC4, which was 12.33% higher than that before optimization (43.80%). The results obtained using response surface methodology to optimize the fermentation medium had a significant effect on the production of bioactive metabolites by Streptomyces sp. 1-14. Moreover, during fermentation and storage, pH, light, storage temperature, etc., must be closely monitored to reduce the formation of fermentation products with reduced antibacterial activity. This method is useful for further investigations of the production of anti-FOC4 substances, and could be used to develop bio-control agents to suppress or control banana fusarium wilt.
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Khorshidian N, Yousefi M, Khanniri E, Mortazavian AM. Potential application of essential oils as antimicrobial preservatives in cheese. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2017.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yang BW, Yeo IC, Choi JH, Sumi CD, Hahm YT. RNA-Seq Analysis of Antibiotic-Producing Bacillus subtilis SC-8 Reveals a Role for Small Peptides in Controlling PapR Signaling. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 185:359-369. [PMID: 29152694 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2653-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis SC-8 (BSSC8) shows a narrow antimicrobial activity against the Bacillus cereus group. Previously, B. cereus-derived PapR as a signal peptide to stimulate PlcR, which plays a significant role in regulating the transcription of virulence factors, was assumed to stimulate antibiotic production in BSSC8. To better understand the functional role of PapR in the antibiotic production of BSSC8 and the interspecies interaction, the global transcriptomic profiling of BSSC8 was investigated using RNA-Seq in this study. Small peptides derived from B. cereus wild type (WTBC) and a papR-deleted mutant strain (MTBC) were individually supplied to BSSC8 cultures, and changes in global transcription levels were compared by RNA-Seq. In the presence of WTBC small peptides, more genes (80.9%) were significantly upregulated than in cells exposed to MTBC small peptides. Specifically, 48.8 and 83.4% of genes involved in glycolysis and the TCA cycle, respectively, showed changes in transcription levels in response to small peptides from both strains. Of the genes showing the alterations, 35.0% (glycolysis) and 60.0% (TCA cycle) of transcripts were significantly regulated only in response to WTBC-derived small peptides. Furthermore, the expression of biosynthetic genes encoding several known antibiotics in BSSC8 was further decreased in response to WTBC small peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Wook Yang
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Seodong-daero, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Cheol Yeo
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Jae Hee Choi
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Seodong-daero, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Chandra Datta Sumi
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Seodong-daero, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Tae Hahm
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Seodong-daero, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea.
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Torres MJ, Petroselli G, Daz M, Erra-Balsells R, Audisio MC. Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis CBMDC3f with antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive foodborne pathogenic bacteria: UV-MALDI-TOF MS analysis of its bioactive compounds. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 31:929-40. [PMID: 25820813 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-015-1847-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work a new Bacillus sp. strain, isolated from honey, was characterized phylogenetically. Its antibacterial activity against three relevant foodborne pathogenic bacteria was studied; the main bioactive metabolites were analyzed using ultraviolet matrix assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry (UV-MALDI MS). Bacillus CBMDC3f was phylogenetically characterized as Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis after rRNA analysis of the 16S subunit and the gyrA gene (access codes Genbank JX120508 and JX120516, respectively). Its antibacterial potential was evaluated against Listeria monocytogenes (9 strains), B. cereus (3 strains) and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29213. Its cell suspension and cell-free supernatant (CFS) exerted significant anti-Listeria and anti-S. aureus activities, while the lipopeptides fraction (LF) also showed anti-B. cereus effect. The UV-MALDI-MS analysis revealed surfactin, iturin and fengycin in the CFS, whereas surfactin predominated in the LF. The CFS from CBMDC3f contained surfactin, iturin and fengycin with four, two and four homologues per family, respectively, whereas four surfactin, one iturin and one fengycin homologues were identified in the LF. For some surfactin homologues, their UV-MALDI-TOF/TOF (MS/MS; Laser Induced Decomposition method, LID) spectra were also obtained. Mass spectrometry analysis contributed with relevant information about the type of lipopeptides that Bacillus strains can synthesize. From our results, surfactin would be the main metabolite responsible for the antibacterial effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Torres
- Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química (INIQUI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Salta, Av.Bolivia 5150, 4400, Salta, Argentina
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Sumi CD, Yang BW, Yeo IC, Hahm YT. Antimicrobial peptides of the genus Bacillus: a new era for antibiotics. Can J Microbiol 2014; 61:93-103. [PMID: 25629960 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2014-0613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The rapid onset of resistance reduces the efficacy of most conventional antimicrobial drugs and is a general cause of concern for human well-being. Thus, there is great demand for a continuous supply of novel antibiotics to combat this problem. Bacteria-derived antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have long been used as food preservatives; moreover, prior to the development of conventional antibiotics, these AMPs served as an efficient source of antibiotics. Recently, peptides produced by members of the genus Bacillus were shown to have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against pathogenic microbes. Bacillus-derived AMPs can be synthesized both ribosomally and nonribosomally and can be classified according to peptide biosynthesis, structure, and molecular weight. The precise mechanism of action of these AMPs is not yet clear; however, one proposed mechanism is that these AMPs kill bacteria by forming channels in and (or) disrupting the bacterial cell wall. Bacillus-derived AMPs have potential in the pharmaceutical industry, as well as the food and agricultural sectors. Here, we focus on Bacillus-derived AMPs as a novel alternative approach to antibacterial drug development. We also provide an overview of the biosynthesis, mechanisms of action, applications, and effectiveness of different AMPs produced by members of the Bacillus genus, including several recently identified novel AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Datta Sumi
- a Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, 72-1 Nae-Ri, Daeduk-Myun, Anseong-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 456-756, South Korea
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14
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Eom JS, Lee SY, Choi HS. Bacillus subtilis HJ18-4 from traditional fermented soybean food inhibits Bacillus cereus growth and toxin-related genes. J Food Sci 2014; 79:M2279-87. [PMID: 25359543 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis HJ18-4 isolated from buckwheat sokseongjang, a traditional Korean fermented soybean food, exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens, including Bacillus cereus. In this study, we investigated the antibacterial efficacy and regulation of toxin gene expression in B. cereus by B. subtilis HJ18-4. Expression of B. cereus toxin-related genes (groEL, nheA, nheC, and entFM) was downregulated by B. subtilis HJ18-4, which also exhibited strong antibacterial activity against B. cereus. We also found that water extracts of soy product fermented with B. subtilis HJ18-4 significantly inhibited the growth of B. cereus and toxin expression. These results indicate that B. subtilis HJ18-4 could be used as an antimicrobial agent to control B. cereus in the fermented soybean food industry. Our findings also provide an opportunity to develop an efficient biological control agent against B. cereus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Seon Eom
- Dept. of Agro-food Resources, Natl. Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 441-853, Korea
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15
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Inhibitory effect of cinnamon essential oils on selected cheese-contaminating fungi (Penicillium spp.) during the cheese-ripening process. Food Sci Biotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-014-0163-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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16
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Toxicity of fermented soybean product (cheonggukjang) manufactured by mixed culture of Bacillus subtilis MC31 and Lactobacillus sakei 383 on liver and kidney of ICR mice. Lab Anim Res 2014; 30:54-63. [PMID: 24999359 PMCID: PMC4079832 DOI: 10.5625/lar.2014.30.2.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the toxic effects of cheonggukjang (CKJ) manufactured using mixed cultures of Bacillus subtilis MC31 and Lactobacillus sakei 383 on the liver and kidney of ICR mice, an alteration on the related markers including body weight, organ weight, urine composition, liver pathology and kidney pathology were analyzed after oral administration at dosage of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight/day of CKJ for 14 days. Any significant toxicity was not observed on the body and organ weight, clinical phenotypes, urine parameters and mortality in the CKJ-treated group compared with the vehicle-treated group. Also, liver toxicity analysis revealed no significant increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in response to CKJ. Additionally, the specific pathological features induced by most toxic compounds were not observed upon liver histological analysis. Furthermore, kidney toxicological analysis revealed that blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and the serum creatinine (Cr) levels and pathological features on histological sections did not differ significantly between the vehicle- and CKJ-treated groups. Overall, these results suggest that CKJ does not induce any specific toxicity in liver and kidney organs of ICR at dose of 100 mg/kg body weight/day as no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL).
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17
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Extensive host range determination and improved efficacy of the bacteriophage JBP901 in the presence of divalent cations for control of Bacillus cereus in Cheonggukjang. Food Sci Biotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-014-0068-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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18
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Sekar A, Packyam M. Screening, identification and antagonistic activity of halo stable Bacillus sp. Mk22 used as probiotic in Penaeus monodon Fabricius, 1798. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.5897/ajfs2013.1048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Yeo IC, Lee NK, Yang BW, Hahm YT. RNA-seq Analysis of Antibiotic-Producing Bacillus subtilis SC-8 in Response to Signal Peptide PapR of Bacillus cereus. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 172:580-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0516-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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20
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Isolation and characterization of an antimicrobial substance from Bacillus subtilis BY08 antagonistic to Bacillus cereus and Listeria monocytogenes. Food Sci Biotechnol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-013-0098-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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21
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Hong SW, Choi JY, Chung KS. Culture-based and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of the bacterial community from Chungkookjang, a traditional Korean fermented soybean food. J Food Sci 2012; 77:M572-8. [PMID: 22950549 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02901.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The bacterial community of Chungkookjang and raw rice-straw collected from various areas in South Korea was investigated using both culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. Pure cultures were isolated from Chungkookjang and raw rice-straw on tryptic soy agar plates with 72 to 121 colonies and identified by 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis, respectively. The traditional culture-based method and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of PCR-amplified 16S rDNA confirmed that Pantoea agglomerans and B. subtilis were identified as predominant in the raw rice-straw and Chungkookjang, respectively, from Iljuk district of Gyeonggi province, P. ananatis and B. licheniformis were identified as predominant in the raw rice-straw and Chungkookjang from Wonju district of Gangwon province, and Microbacterium sp. and B. licheniformis were identified as predominant in the raw rice-straw and Chungkookjang from Sunchang district of Jeolla province. Other strains, such as Bacillus, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, and uncultured bacteria were also present in raw rice-straw and Chungkookjang. PRACTICAL APPLICATION A comprehensive analysis of these microorganisms would provide a more detailed understanding of the biologically active components of Chungkookjang and help improve its quality. Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis can be successfully applied to a fermented food to detect unculturable or more species than the culture-dependent method. This technique is an effective and convenient culture-independent method for studying the bacterial community in Chungkookjang. In this study, the bacterial community of Chungkookjang collected from various areas in South Korea was investigated using both culture-dependent and culture-independent methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Wook Hong
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon 220-710, Republic of Korea
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22
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Bandara N, Jo J, Ryu S, Kim KP. Bacteriophages BCP1-1 and BCP8-2 require divalent cations for efficient control of Bacillus cereus in fermented foods. Food Microbiol 2012; 31:9-16. [PMID: 22475937 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Revised: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus cereus is a foodborne bacterial pathogen that causes diarrhea and vomiting. In this study, the usefulness of bacteriophages to eradicate B. cereus from fermented foods was investigated. A total of 13 phages were isolated from Korean fermented food products, and 2 (BCP1-1 and BCP8-2) were further characterized. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), restriction enzyme digestion pattern analysis, and SDS-PAGE of the structural proteins suggest that both phages belong to the family Myoviridae, containing approximately 150 kbp-long genomes. The host ranges of both phages were limited to B. cereus group species (12/13), as they were not able to lyse other Gram-positive or negative strains including Bacillus subtilis. Purified phages were used to inhibit B. cereus growth in a model fermented food system, cheonggukjang, a fast-fermented soybean paste product. BCP1-1 and BCP8-2 were able to effectively eradicate B. cereus from the food only if divalent cations (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, or Mn²⁺) were added to the medium. Further studies reveal that divalent cations are essential for phage adsorption, while a monovalent cation (Na⁺) is required for the post-adsorption phase of phage infection. Taken together, our findings imply that a phage could be an ideal anti-bacterial agent for use in fermented food products that require the presence of beneficial microflora and, during phage application, optimization of phage reaction conditions is critical for the successful utilization of phage biocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeeka Bandara
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, 664-14 Duckjin-dong, Jeonju 561-756, South Korea
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Yeo IC, Lee NK, Cha CJ, Hahm YT. Interspecies interaction of signal peptide PapR secreted by Bacillus cereus and its effect on production of antimicrobial peptide. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 166:700-10. [PMID: 22101448 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-011-9459-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the interspecies interaction of PapR peptide secreted by Bacillus cereus on production of BSAP-254, an antimicrobial peptide produced by Bacillus subtilis SC-8 isolated from the Korean fermented soybean paste and exhibited narrow antagonistic activity against the B. cereus group, but not against other foodborne pathogens. PapR is a signal peptide that activates PlcR, which is a pleiotropic regulator controlling the expression of various virulence factors in B. cereus. When B. subtilis SC-8 was co-cultured with B. cereus, it completely inhibited the growth of B. cereus within 12 h, and the rate of BSAP-254 production was increased 34.2% at 12 h. Furthermore, 5 μM of synthetic PapR peptide added to the culture of B. subtilis SC-8 increased the rate of BSAP-254 production up to 59.7%. The growth of B. subtilis SC-8, however, was not significantly different with or without the addition of PapR. When B. cereus papR mutant was co-cultured with B. subtilis SC-8, the growth of the mutant was not inhibited and the rate of BSAP-254 production was decreased by 45%.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Cheol Yeo
- Department of Biotechnology (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Republic of Korea
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Yeo IC, Lee NK, Hahm YT. Genome sequencing of Bacillus subtilis SC-8, antagonistic to the Bacillus cereus group, isolated from traditional Korean fermented-soybean food. J Bacteriol 2012; 194:536-7. [PMID: 22207744 PMCID: PMC3256679 DOI: 10.1128/jb.06442-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis SC-8 is a Gram-positive bacterium displaying narrow antagonistic activity for the Bacillus cereus group. B. subtilis SC-8 was isolated from Korean traditional fermented-soybean food. Here we report the draft genome sequence of B. subtilis SC-8, including biosynthetic genes for antibiotics that may have beneficial effects for control of food-borne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Cheol Yeo
- Department of Biotechnology (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, An-seong, Republic of Korea
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Antagonistic Activity of Cellular Components of Potential Probiotic Bacteria, Isolated from the Gut of Labeo rohita, Against Aeromonas hydrophila. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2011; 3:214-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s12602-011-9078-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Narrow antagonistic activity of antimicrobial peptide from Bacillus subtilis SCK-2 against Bacillus cereus. J Biosci Bioeng 2011; 112:338-44. [PMID: 21783410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2011.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Revised: 06/14/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis SCK-2, producing an antimicrobial peptide of this study, was isolated from Kyeopjang, the Korean traditional fermented-soybean paste. This strain showed a narrow antagonistic activity as it inhibited Bacillus cereus causing food poisoning in human. The antimicrobial peptide, tentatively named AMP IC-1, was purified, characterized, and compared to BSAP-254, another peptide which was previously recovered from traditionally fermented-soybean paste. AMP IC-1 was found to be more thermally stable than BSAP-254, retained inhibitory activity similar to that of BSAP-254 over wide range of pH values, and was also destroyed by proteolytic enzymes. Two compounds were detected by anti-BSAP-254 polyclonal antibody and showed to contain peptide moieties and aliphatic hydrocarbons by Fourier transform infrared analysis. AMP IC-1 had an identical R(f) value (0.69) on TLC plate and a molecular weight similar to that of BSAP-254 (AMP IC-1, m/z 3401; BSAP-254, m/z 3400 to 3473). AMP IC-1 was found to contain about 33 residues and 13 types of amino acids: Cys, Asp or Asn, Glu or Gln, Ser, Gly, Arg, Thr, Ala, Pro, Val, Ile, Leu, and Lys. Compared to BSAP-254, the molar ratios of Asp or Asn, Ser, Val, and Leu were different and only AMP IC-1 contained Arg, but not Trp. Both compounds showed non-hemolytic activity. A partial synergistic effect against B. cereus was observed in response to treatment when AMP IC-1 and BSAP-254 were administered in combination. Therefore, AMP IC-1 is a possible candidate as an antimicrobial agent to prevent food-borne infectious disease in human caused by B. cereus.
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Bacillus amyloliquefaciens G1: A Potential Antagonistic Bacterium against Eel-Pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2011:824104. [PMID: 21754944 PMCID: PMC3132486 DOI: 10.1155/2011/824104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2010] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that the use of probiotics is an alternative to control marine aeromonas. However, few probiotics are available against Aeromonas hydrophila infections in eels. In the present study, a potential antagonistic strain G1 against the eel-pathogenic A. hydrophila was isolated from sediment underlying brackish water. Its extracellular products with antibacterial activities were shown to be stable under wide range of pH, temperature, and proteinase K. It was initially identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens using API identification kits and confirmed to be B. amyloliquefaciens strain (GenBank accession number DQ422953) by phylogenetic analysis. In addition, it was shown to be safe for mammalians, had a wide anti-A. hydrophila spectrum, and exhibited significant effects on inhibiting the growth of the eel-pathogenic A. hydrophila both in vitro and in vivo. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on a promising antagonistic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain from brackish water sediment against eel-pathogenic A. hydrophila.
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Lee NK, Yeo IC, Park JW, Hahm YT. Growth Inhibition and Induction of Stress Protein, GroEL, of Bacillus cereus Exposed to Antibacterial Peptide Isolated from Bacillus subtilis SC-8. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2011; 165:235-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-011-9246-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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