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Spalletta A, Joly N, Martin P. Latest Trends in Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis of Ester Carbohydrate Surfactants: From Key Parameters to Opportunities and Future Development. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3727. [PMID: 38612540 PMCID: PMC11012184 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrate-based surfactants are amphiphilic compounds containing hydrophilic moieties linked to hydrophobic aglycones. More specifically, carbohydrate esters are biosourced and biocompatible surfactants derived from inexpensive renewable raw materials (sugars and fatty acids). Their unique properties allow them to be used in various areas, such as the cosmetic, food, and medicine industries. These multi-applications have created a worldwide market for biobased surfactants and consequently expectations for their production. Biobased surfactants can be obtained from various processes, such as chemical synthesis or microorganism culture and surfactant purification. In accordance with the need for more sustainable and greener processes, the synthesis of these molecules by enzymatic pathways is an opportunity. This work presents a state-of-the-art lipase action mode, with a focus on the active sites of these proteins, and then on four essential parameters for optimizing the reaction: type of lipase, reaction medium, temperature, and ratio of substrates. Finally, this review discusses the latest trends and recent developments, showing the unlimited potential for optimization of such enzymatic syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolas Joly
- Unité Transformations & Agroressources, ULR7519, Université d’Artois-UniLaSalle, F-62408 Béthune, France; (A.S.); (P.M.)
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Wommer L, Barth I, Ulber R, Kampeis P. Development of a Single‐Use Device and an Associated Optical Measurement Method for Automated Magnetic Bioseparation. CHEM-ING-TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202200088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Wommer
- Trier University of Applied Sciences Environmental Campus Birkenfeld Institute for Biotechnical Process Design Campusallee 55768 Hoppstädten-Weiersbach Germany
| | - Isabelle Barth
- Trier University of Applied Sciences Environmental Campus Birkenfeld Institute for Biotechnical Process Design Campusallee 55768 Hoppstädten-Weiersbach Germany
| | - Roland Ulber
- Technical University Kaiserslautern Institute of Bioprocess Engineering Gottlieb Daimler-Straße 49 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Percy Kampeis
- Trier University of Applied Sciences Environmental Campus Birkenfeld Institute for Biotechnical Process Design Campusallee 55768 Hoppstädten-Weiersbach Germany
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High-Gradient Magnetic Separation of Compact Fluorescent Lamp Phosphors: Elucidation of the Removal Dynamics in a Rotary Permanent Magnet Separator. MINERALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/min11101116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In an ongoing effort towards a more sustainable rare-earth element market, there is a high potential for an efficient recycling of rare-earth elements from end-of-life compact fluorescent lamps by physical separation of the individual phosphors. In this study, we investigate the separation of five fluorescent lamp particles by high-gradient magnetic separation in a rotary permanent magnet separator. We thoroughly characterize the phosphors by ICP-MS, laser diffraction analysis, gas displacement pycnometry, surface area analysis, SQUID-VSM, and Time-Resolved Laser-Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy. We present a fast and reliable quantification method for mixtures of the investigated phosphors, based on a combination of Time-Resolved Laser-Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis. With this method, we were able to monitor each phosphors’ removal dynamics in the high-gradient magnetic separator and we estimate that the particles’ removal efficiencies are proportional to (d2·χ)1/3. Finally, we have found that the removed phosphors can readily be recovered easily from the separation cell by backwashing with an intermittent air–water flow. This work should contribute to a better understanding of the phosphors’ separability by high-gradient magnetic separation and can simultaneously be considered to be an important preparation for an upscalable separation process with (bio)functionalized superparamagnetic carriers.
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Monteiro RR, Virgen-Ortiz JJ, Berenguer-Murcia Á, da Rocha TN, dos Santos JC, Alcántara AR, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Biotechnological relevance of the lipase A from Candida antarctica. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Peffi Ferreira LF, Mazzi de Oliveira T, Toma SH, Toyama MM, Araki K, Avanzi LH. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) conjugated with lipase Candida antarctica A for biodiesel synthesis. RSC Adv 2020; 10:38490-38496. [PMID: 35517526 PMCID: PMC9057248 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06215d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodiesel is an alternative biodegradable and non-toxic fuel, with a low emission profile and capable of reducing significantly the level of carcinogenic pollutants released into the atmosphere. A newly designed nano-biocatalyst prepared by conjugation of lipase A on superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) demonstrated high efficiency for production of biodiesel by the reaction of soybean oil with anhydrous methanol. The nanomaterial was characterized by FTIR, TGA and XRD, and its enzymatic activity compared with Lipozyme 435, a commercial gold standard from Novozyme™, which presented average enzymatic activity of 4559 ± 75 only twice as large as that of the SPION-CAL-A catalyst (2283 ± 249 PLU g-1), whereas Lipozyme TLIM showed a much lower activity of 588 ± 16 PLU g-1. These results were confirmed in the transesterification reaction for production of biodiesel where a yield of 11.4% was achieved with Lipozyme 435 and 4.6 ± 0.5% with the nano-biocatalyst. Such an improved performance associated with easy magnetic recovery and reuse make the material potentially interesting for production of biodiesel from used cooking oil, adding value to this abundant resource.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thayná Mazzi de Oliveira
- Chemical Engineering Department, FEI University Center São Bernardo do Campo SP, 09850-901 Brazil
| | | | | | - Koiti Araki
- Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo SP, 05508-000 Brazil
| | - Luis Humberto Avanzi
- Physics Department, FEI University Center São Bernardo do Campo SP, 09850-901 Brazil
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Schwaminger SP, Fraga-García P, Eigenfeld M, Becker TM, Berensmeier S. Magnetic Separation in Bioprocessing Beyond the Analytical Scale: From Biotechnology to the Food Industry. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:233. [PMID: 31612129 PMCID: PMC6776625 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Downstream processing needs more innovative ideas to advance and overcome current bioprocessing challenges. Chromatography is by far the most prevalent technique used by a conservative industrial sector. Chromatography has many advantages but also often represents the most expensive step in a pharmaceutical production process. Therefore, alternative methods as well as further processing strategies are urgently needed. One promising candidate for new developments on a large scale is magnetic separation, which enables the fast and direct capture of target molecules in fermentation broths. There has been a small revolution in this area in the last 10–20 years and a few papers dealing with the use of magnetic separation in bioprocessing examples beyond the analytical scale have been published. Since each target material is purified with a different magnetic separation approach, the comparison of processes is not trivial but would help to understand and improve magnetic separation and thus making it attractive for the technical scale. To address this issue, we report on the latest achievements in magnetic separation technology and offer an overview of the progress of the capture and separation of biomolecules derived from biotechnology and food technology. Magnetic separation has great potential for high-throughput downstream processing in applied life sciences. At the same time, two major challenges need to be overcome: (1) the development of a platform for suitable and flexible separation devices and (2) additional investigations of advantageous processing conditions, especially during recovery. Concentration and purification factors need to be improved to pave the way for the broader use of magnetic applications. The innovative combination of magnetic gradients and multipurpose separations will set new magnetic-based trends for large scale downstream processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian P Schwaminger
- Bioseparation Engineering Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Paula Fraga-García
- Bioseparation Engineering Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Marco Eigenfeld
- Research Group Beverage and Cereal Biotechnology, Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas M Becker
- Research Group Beverage and Cereal Biotechnology, Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Sonja Berensmeier
- Bioseparation Engineering Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
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Gädke J, Thies JW, Kleinfeldt L, Schulze T, Biedendieck R, Rustenbeck I, Garnweitner G, Krull R, Dietzel A. Selective manipulation of superparamagnetic nanoparticles for product purification and microfluidic diagnostics. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 126:67-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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High-gradient magnetic separation for technical scale protein recovery using low cost magnetic nanoparticles. Sep Purif Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2015.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Xu J, Ju C, Sheng J, Wang F, Zhang Q, Sun G, Sun M. Synthesis and Characterization of Magnetic Nanoparticles and Its Application in Lipase Immobilization. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2013. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2013.34.8.2408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Samoilova N, Tikhonov V, Krayukhina M, Yamskov I. Interpolyelectrolyte complexes of maleic acid copolymers and chitosan for stabilization and functionalization of magnetite nano- and microparticles. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda Samoilova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Vladimir Tikhonov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Maria Krayukhina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Igor Yamskov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; 119991 Moscow Russia
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Alftrén J, Hobley TJ. Covalent immobilization of β-glucosidase on magnetic particles for lignocellulose hydrolysis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 169:2076-87. [PMID: 23371782 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0122-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
β-Glucosidase hydrolyzes cellobiose to glucose and is an important enzyme in the consortium used for hydrolysis of cellulosic and lignocellulosic feedstocks. In the present work, β-glucosidase was covalently immobilized on non-porous magnetic particles to enable re-use of the enzyme. It was found that particles activated with cyanuric chloride and polyglutaraldehyde gave the highest bead-related immobilized enzyme activity when tested with p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (104.7 and 82.2 U/g particles, respectively). Furthermore, the purified β-glucosidase preparation from Megazyme gave higher bead-related enzyme activities compared to Novozym 188 (79.0 and 9.8 U/g particles, respectively). A significant improvement in thermal stability was observed for immobilized enzyme compared to free enzyme; after 5 h (at 65 °C), 36 % of activity remained for the former, while there was no activity in the latter. The performance and recyclability of immobilized β-glucosidase on more complex substrate (pretreated spruce) was also studied. It was shown that adding immobilized β-glucosidase (16 U/g dry matter) to free cellulases (8 FPU/g dry matter) increased the hydrolysis yield of pretreated spruce from ca. 44 % to ca. 65 %. In addition, it was possible to re-use the immobilized β-glucosidase in the spruce and retain activity for at least four cycles. The immobilized enzyme thus shows promise for lignocellulose hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Alftrén
- Institute for Food, Technical University of Denmark, Building 221, Søltofts Plads, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
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Vinoba M, Bhagiyalakshmi M, Jeong SK, Nam SC, Yoon Y. Carbonic Anhydrase Immobilized on Encapsulated Magnetic Nanoparticles for CO2Sequestration. Chemistry 2012; 18:12028-34. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Heyd M, Franzreb M, Berensmeier S. Continuous rhamnolipid production with integrated product removal by foam fractionation and magnetic separation of immobilized Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biotechnol Prog 2011; 27:706-16. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Revised: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Heyd M, Weigold P, Franzreb M, Berensmeier S. Influence of different magnetites on properties of magnetic Pseudomonas aeruginosa immobilizates used for biosurfactant production. Biotechnol Prog 2009; 25:1620-9. [PMID: 19691121 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
During the last decades, whole-cell immobilization has been used successfully in many bioprocesses. In particular, it is aimed at implementing continuous production processes, reaching higher production rates, and reusing the biocatalyst. In some cases, effective retention of immobilizates in the bioprocess is not feasible by membranes or sieves due to pore plugging or undesired losses of immobilizates. In the present publication, it is reported about the investigation of magnetic immobilizates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa for application in continuous biosurfactant production of rhamnolipids by foam fractionation and retention of entrained immobilizates by high-gradient magnetic separation from foam. Different materials and methods were tested with respect to important parameters, such as stability, diffusion properties or magnetic separation. Good magnetic separation of immobilizates was achieved at 5% (w/w) magnetite loading. Best results in terms of homogeneous embedding, good diffusion properties, and stability enhancement vis-à-vis pure alginate beads was achieved with alginate beads with embedded Bayoxide magnetite or MagPrep silica particles. Although polyurethane immobilizates showed higher stabilities compared with alginate beads, rhamnolipid diffusion in immobilizates was superior in magnetic alginate beads. Regarding bead production, smaller immobilizates were achieved with suspension polymerization compared to droplet extrusion by the JetCutting technology. In total, magnetic immobilizates are a promising tool for an easier handling of biocatalysts in a continuous biological production process, but they have to be adapted to the current production task.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Heyd
- Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH, Institute for Technical Chemistry, Water Technology and Geotechnology Division, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen D-76344, Germany
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Schultz N, Metreveli G, Franzreb M, Frimmel FH, Syldatk C. Zeta potential measurement as a diagnostic tool in enzyme immobilisation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2008; 66:39-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2008.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2008] [Revised: 04/04/2008] [Accepted: 05/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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