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de Aguiar DA, Roque JV, de Lima LAS, Junior IM, Gomes HO, de Sousa ENR, Piccoli GPL, Vaz BG. Chemometric Analysis Combined with GC × GC-FID and ESI HR-MS to Evaluate Ultralow-Sulfur Diesel Stability. ACS Omega 2024; 9:10415-10425. [PMID: 38463272 PMCID: PMC10918789 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Diesel has been the most employed fuel in highway and nonhighway transportation systems. Many studies over the past years have attempted to classify diesel as a stable or unstable composition since this fuel can still degrade during storage or thermal oxidative processes. Products generated because of such degradation are the reason for the formation of soluble gums and insoluble organic particulates, which in turn cause a negative influence on engine performance. This work reports a detailed composition of nonpolar and polar compounds in many ultralow-sulfur diesel (ULSD) samples by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC × GC-FID) and electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (ESI HR-MS). In addition, chemometric approaches were applied for ULSD storage stability investigation. GC × GC-FID experiments achieved the nonpolar chemical characterization for the ULSD samples, including all main hydrocarbon classes: paraffins, mono- and dinaphthenics and olefins, and aromatics. The GC × GC-FID data combined with principal component analysis (PCA) described that the separation of the samples' concerning storage stability was mainly due to the contents of mono- and diaromatic compounds in the unstable ULSD samples. Moreover, PCA was also applied to the ESI (±) data set, and the results highlight the presence of compounds belonging to O class (natural antioxidants), which decrease the rate of oxygen consumption in the fuel, characterizing it as stable composition. The basic nitrogen compounds are mostly present in the stable ULSD samples indicating that they did not affect the stability of the fuel. On the other hand, the HC classes presented pronounced abundance among unstable ULSD samples suggesting that the fuel degradation may go through the oxidation of hydrocarbons and the formation of Ox compounds as byproducts. Furthermore, MS/MS experiments point to the formation of CcHhNnOo-like precursor species, which can react with each other and lead to the formation of gums and insoluble sediments in the fuel. In summary, the results express the potential of using the GC × GC-FID and ESI (±) Orbitrap MS techniques as valuable tools for diesel stability evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah
V. A. de Aguiar
- Laboratory
of Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiânia 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Jussara V. Roque
- Laboratory
of Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiânia 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Leomir A. S. de Lima
- Laboratory
of Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiânia 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Iris M. Junior
- CENPES,
PETROBRAS, Rio de
Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-915, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Boniek G. Vaz
- Laboratory
of Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiânia 74001-970, Brazil
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2
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de Carvalho FM, Laux M, Ciapina LP, Gerber AL, Guimarães APC, Kloh VP, Apolinário M, Paes JES, Jonck CR, de Vasconcelos ATR. Finding microbial composition and biological processes as predictive signature to access the ongoing status of mangrove preservation. Int Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s10123-024-00492-z. [PMID: 38388811 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00492-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Mangroves are complex land-sea transition ecosystems whose microbiota are essential for their nutrient recycling and conservation. Brazil is the third-largest estuarine area in the world and "Baía de Todos os Santos" (BTS) is one of the largest bays of the country, with wide anthropogenic exploration. Using a metagenomic approach, we investigated composition and functional adaptability as signatures of the microbiome of pristine and anthropized areas of BTS, including those under petroleum refinery influence. The taxonomic analysis showed dominance of sulfate-reducing Desulfobacteraceae, Rhodobacteraceae, and Flavobacteriaceae. Taxa were significantly diverse between pristine and disturbed areas. Disturbed mangroves showed a notary increase in abundance of halophilic, sulfur-related, and hydrocarbon-degrading genera and a decrease in diatoms compared to pristine area. The metabolic profile of BTS mangroves was correlated with the differentially abundant microbiota. Two ecological scenarios were observed: one marked by functions of central metabolism associated with biomass degradation and another by mechanisms of microbial adaptability to pollution conditions and environmental degradation. Part of the microbiome was distinct and not abundant in Brazilian estuarine soils. The microbiome signature observed in each BTS mangrove reflects how human actions impact the diversity of these ecosystems and also emphasize their role in attempting to restore disturbed mangroves. The microbiome may act as a potential biological indicator of the preservation status of these soils, despite the limitation of soil property conditions. Additionally, our data pointed to metagenomics as an additional tool for environmental assessment and reinforced the need for protective measures for the mangroves under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabíola Marques de Carvalho
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Avenida Getúlio Vargas 333, Quitandinha Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, 25651-075, Brazil
| | - Marcele Laux
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Avenida Getúlio Vargas 333, Quitandinha Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, 25651-075, Brazil
| | - Luciane Prioli Ciapina
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Avenida Getúlio Vargas 333, Quitandinha Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, 25651-075, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Lehmkuhl Gerber
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Avenida Getúlio Vargas 333, Quitandinha Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, 25651-075, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula C Guimarães
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Avenida Getúlio Vargas 333, Quitandinha Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, 25651-075, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Prata Kloh
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Avenida Getúlio Vargas 333, Quitandinha Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, 25651-075, Brazil
| | - Moacir Apolinário
- Petróleo Brasileiro S. A., Centro de Pesquisa Leopoldo Américo Miguez de Mello, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jorge Eduardo Santos Paes
- Petróleo Brasileiro S. A., Centro de Pesquisa Leopoldo Américo Miguez de Mello, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Célio Roberto Jonck
- Petróleo Brasileiro S. A., Centro de Pesquisa Leopoldo Américo Miguez de Mello, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Tereza R de Vasconcelos
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Avenida Getúlio Vargas 333, Quitandinha Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, 25651-075, Brazil.
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3
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do Nascimento GB, Longhini CM, Cagnin RC, Costa ES, Silva CA, Neto RR, Sá F. Historical contamination with a current problem: Can mining tailings enhance coastal arsenic pollution? Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024; 20:159-168. [PMID: 37430429 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
The coast of Espírito Santo state (Southeast Brazil) is recognized for its environmental arsenic (As) enrichment and, over the years, mining operations have potentialized it. We aimed to evaluate the effect of Rio Doce discharge on As inputs and the role of iron ore tailings from the Fundão dam disaster in enhancing As contamination in the marine sediment. Two scenarios were evaluated: Predisaster and Postdisaster; dry and wet conditions were considered in each period. High As concentrations were found in the Predisaster (28.44 ± 13.53 µg g-1 ), but a significant increase in As was remarkable during the Postdisaster in the wet season, one year after the disaster (maximum of 58.39 µg g-1 ; geoaccumulation index (Igeo ) Class 3, moderately severe pollution). On that occasion, iron (Fe) oxy-hydroxides from tailings were remobilized from the Rio Doce channel and deposited on the continental shelf bottom. Therefore, chemical interactions among Fe, As, and carbonates were enhanced, resulting in As and Fe coprecipitation and the trapping by carbonate adsorption. Rio Doce discharge seems to be the main factor in As inputs to the inner continental shelf when flooding do not occur previously in samplings, which allows further dispersion of contaminants, although this hypothesis should be tested further. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:159-168. © 2023 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisele B do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry and Marine Pollution, Department of Oceanography, Center of Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Cybelle M Longhini
- Laboratory of Marine Biogeochemistry, Department of Oceanography and Limnology, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Renata C Cagnin
- Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry and Marine Pollution, Department of Oceanography, Center of Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo S Costa
- Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry and Marine Pollution, Department of Oceanography, Center of Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Cesar A Silva
- Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry and Marine Pollution, Department of Oceanography, Center of Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Renato R Neto
- Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry and Marine Pollution, Department of Oceanography, Center of Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Fabian Sá
- Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry and Marine Pollution, Department of Oceanography, Center of Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
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Ferraço Brant V, Carvalho RD, Martins MDO, Marques FFC, Fidalgo-Neto AA. Development of Synthetic Aqueous Oil and Grease Standards for Determination of TOG in Produced Water: Evaluation of Alternative Methods for Application in an Offshore Environment. ACS Omega 2023; 8:26317-26324. [PMID: 37521656 PMCID: PMC10372933 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Produced water is present in oil and natural gas reservoirs and is transported to the surface along with the oil. Total oil and grease content (TOG) is the main parameter evaluated in this waste disposal category. Today, the validation of methods in the laboratory is not done using petroleum. The objective of this work was to develop synthetic oily water standards that can be applied for internalization and validation in the laboratory. Oil weighing protocols, the influence of volatile compounds, and a procedure for preparing oily water with high reproducibility were studied. Synthetic oily water standards were prepared for TOG determination by gravimetric and infrared methods. Repeatability of 3.8 and 11% and accuracy of 85 and 105% were obtained using gravimetric and infrared methods. These results indicate that with the development of these standards, it is possible to validate methodologies for TOG determination using petroleum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinnicius Ferraço Brant
- SENAI Innovation
Institute for Green Chemistry, FIRJAN, 20271-030 Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Department of Analytical Chemistry—Fundamental and Applied
Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Fluminense Federal University, 24020-141 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Márcio de Oliveira Martins
- Petrobras, Av. Horácio de Macedo-950 Cidade Universitária-Ilha
do Fundão, 21949-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Flávia Ferreira
de Carvalho Marques
- Department of Analytical Chemistry—Fundamental and Applied
Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Fluminense Federal University, 24020-141 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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5
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Xu L, Kijkla P, Kumseranee S, Punpruk S, Gu T. Electrochemical Assessment of Mitigation of Desulfovibrio ferrophilus IS5 Corrosion against N80 Carbon Steel and 26Cr3Mo Steel Using a Green Biocide Enhanced by a Nature-Mimicking Biofilm-Dispersing Peptide. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1194. [PMID: 37508290 PMCID: PMC10376645 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12071194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
MIC (microbiologically influenced corrosion) is problematic in many industries, especially in the oil and gas industry. In this work, N80 carbon steel for pipelines was tested with 26Cr3Mo chromium pipeline steel for comparison in SRB (sulfate-reducing bacterium) MIC mitigation using a THPS (tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate)-based commercial biocide (Biotreat 5475 with 75-80% THPS by mass). Peptide A, a nature-mimicking synthetic cyclic peptide (cys-ser-val-pro-tyr-asp-tyr-asn-trp-tyr-ser-asn-trp-cys) with biofilm dispersal ability was used as a biocide enhancer. Metal coupons covered with 3-d old Desulfovibrio ferrophilus IS5 biofilms were immersed in different biocide solutions. After 1-h treatment, 200 ppm Biotreat 5475, 200 ppm Biotreat 5475 + 200 nM (360 ppb) Peptide A, and 400 ppm Biotreat 5475 achieved 0.5-log, 1.7-log and 1.9-log reductions in sessile cell count on N80, and 0.7-log, 1.7-log, and 1.8-log on 26Cr3Mo, respectively. The addition of 200 nM Peptide A cut the THPS biocide dosage by nearly half. Biocide injection tests in electrochemical glass cells after 1 h exhibited 15%, 70%, and 72% corrosion inhibition efficiency (based on corrosion current density) on N80, and 27%, 79%, 75% on 26Cr3Mo, respectively. Linear polarization resistance and electrochemical impedance spectrometry results also indicated antimicrobial efficacies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjun Xu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for Corrosion and Multiphase Technology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Pruch Kijkla
- PTT Exploration and Production, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | | | | | - Tingyue Gu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for Corrosion and Multiphase Technology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
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6
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Lima VS, de Oliveira DRB, da Silva CAS, Santana RDC, Soares NDFF, de Oliveira EB, Martins MA, Coimbra JSDR. Stabilization of oil-water emulsions with protein concentrates from the microalga Tetradesmus obliquus. J Food Sci Technol 2023; 60:797-808. [PMID: 36712212 PMCID: PMC9873893 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-023-05666-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The present work used water-soluble protein concentrates from the microalga Tetradesmus obliquus to stabilize sunflower oil emulsions. Microalgal cells were disrupted by sonication, and proteins were separated from the biomass using two methods, isoelectric and solvent precipitations. The protein extracts were concentrated by lyophilization, and the concentrates were used to produce emulsions with three amounts of Tetradesmus obliquus protein concentrate (TobPC) (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0% w/v). Emulsions were homogenized through sonication and characterized for creaming index, optical microscopy, size distribution, ζ-potential, and rheology. Isoelectric precipitation resulted in TobPC with a high protein content (51.46 ± 2.37%) and a better dispersibility profile. Emulsion stability was higher for both the isoelectric TobPC and control systems than for the TobPC solvent. Solvent TobPC does not efficiently stabilize emulsions at low protein concentrations that showed microscopically larger oil droplets and flocculation spots. A high phase separation velocity was observed for solvent TobPC, probably due to the higher hydrodynamic droplet diameters. The increase in TobPC content in the emulsions resulted in more stable emulsions for all samples. Therefore, Tetradesmus obliquus protein concentrates are a potential emulsifying agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Sobreira Lima
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos (DTA), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Campus Universitário S/N, Viçosa, MG CEP 36570-900 Brazil
| | - Davi Rocha Bernardes de Oliveira
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos (DTA), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Campus Universitário S/N, Viçosa, MG CEP 36570-900 Brazil
| | - César Augusto Sodré da Silva
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos (DTA), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Campus Universitário S/N, Viçosa, MG CEP 36570-900 Brazil
| | - Rejane de Castro Santana
- Departamento de Química (DEQ), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Campus Universitário S/N, Viçosa, MG CEP 36570-900 Brazil
| | - Nilda de Fátima Ferreira Soares
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos (DTA), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Campus Universitário S/N, Viçosa, MG CEP 36570-900 Brazil
| | - Eduardo Basílio de Oliveira
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos (DTA), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Campus Universitário S/N, Viçosa, MG CEP 36570-900 Brazil
| | - Marcio Aredes Martins
- Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola (DEA), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Campus Universitário S/N, Viçosa, MG CEP 36570-900 Brazil
| | - Jane Sélia dos Reis Coimbra
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos (DTA), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Campus Universitário S/N, Viçosa, MG CEP 36570-900 Brazil
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7
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Vieira J, Abreu E, Florindo JB. Texture image classification based on a pseudo-parabolic diffusion model. Multimed Tools Appl 2022; 82:3581-3604. [PMID: 35855773 PMCID: PMC9275391 DOI: 10.1007/s11042-022-12048-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This work proposes a novel method based on a pseudo-parabolic diffusion process to be employed for texture recognition. The proposed operator is applied over a range of time scales giving rise to a family of images transformed by nonlinear filters. Therefore each of those images are encoded by a local descriptor (we use local binary patterns for that purpose) and they are summarized by a simple histogram, yielding in this way the image feature vector. Three main novelties are presented in this manuscript: (1) The introduction of a pseudo-parabolic model associated with the signal component of binary patterns to the process of texture recognition and a real-world application to the problem of identifying plant species based on the leaf surface image. (2) We also introduce a simple and efficient discrete pseudo-parabolic differential operator based on finite differences as texture descriptors. While the work in [26] uses complete local binary patterns, here we use the original version of the local binary pattern operator. (3) We also discuss, in more general terms, the possibilities of exploring pseudo-parabolic models for image analysis as they balance two types of processing that are fundamental for pattern recognition, i.e., they smooth undesirable details (possibly noise) at the same time that highlight relevant borders and discontinuities anisotropically. Besides the practical application, the proposed approach is also tested on the classification of well established benchmark texture databases. In both cases, it is compared with several state-of-the-art methodologies employed for texture recognition. Our proposal outperforms those methods in terms of classification accuracy, confirming its competitiveness. The good performance can be justified to a large extent by the ability of the pseudo-parabolic operator to smooth possibly noisy details inside homogeneous regions of the image at the same time that it preserves discontinuities that convey critical information for the object description. Such results also confirm that model-based approaches like the proposed one can still be competitive with the omnipresent learning-based approaches, especially when the user does not have access to a powerful computational structure and a large amount of labeled data for training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jardel Vieira
- Unidade Acadêmica Especial de Matemática e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Av. Dr. Lamartine Pinto de Avelar 1120, St. Universitário, 75704-020 Catalão, Goiás Brasil
| | - Eduardo Abreu
- Institute of Mathematics, Statistics and Scientific Computing, University of Campinas, Rua Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, 651, Cidade Universitária “Zeferino Vaz” - Distr. Barão Geraldo, CEP 13083-859 Campinas, SP Brasil
| | - Joao B. Florindo
- Institute of Mathematics, Statistics and Scientific Computing, University of Campinas, Rua Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, 651, Cidade Universitária “Zeferino Vaz” - Distr. Barão Geraldo, CEP 13083-859 Campinas, SP Brasil
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8
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Pereira N, Rezende N, Cunha THR, Barboza APM, Silva GG, Lippross D, Neves BRA, Chacham H, Ferlauto AS, Lacerda RG. Aerosol-Printed MoS 2 Ink as a High Sensitivity Humidity Sensor. ACS Omega 2022; 7:9388-9396. [PMID: 35356695 PMCID: PMC8945157 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is attractive for use in next-generation nanoelectronic devices and exhibits great potential for humidity sensing applications. Herein, MoS2 ink was successfully prepared via a simple exfoliation method by sonication. The structural and surface morphology of a deposited ink film was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The aerosol-printed MoS2 ink sensor has high sensitivity, with a conductivity increase by 6 orders of magnitude upon relative humidity increase from 10 to 95% at room temperature. The sensor also has fast response/recovery times and excellent repeatability. Possible mechanisms for the water-induced conductivity increase are discussed. An analytical model that encompasses two ionic conduction regimes, with a percolation transition to an insulating state below a low humidity threshold, describes the sensor response successfully. In conclusion, our work provides a low-cost and straightforward strategy for fabricating a high-performance humidity sensor and fundamental insights into the sensing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neuma
M. Pereira
- Departamento
de Física, Universidade Federal de
Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-90, Brazil
- Departamento
de Química, Universidade Federal
de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-90, Brazil
- Centro
de Tecnologia em Nanomateriais e Grafeno/UFMG, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, BHtec, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31310-260, Brazil
| | - Natália
P. Rezende
- Departamento
de Física, Universidade Federal de
Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-90, Brazil
- Centro
de Tecnologia em Nanomateriais e Grafeno/UFMG, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, BHtec, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31310-260, Brazil
| | - Thiago H. R. Cunha
- Departamento
de Física, Universidade Federal de
Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-90, Brazil
- Centro
de Tecnologia em Nanomateriais e Grafeno/UFMG, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, BHtec, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31310-260, Brazil
| | - Ana P. M. Barboza
- Departamento
de Física, Universidade Federal de
Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Glaura G. Silva
- Departamento
de Química, Universidade Federal
de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-90, Brazil
- Centro
de Tecnologia em Nanomateriais e Grafeno/UFMG, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, BHtec, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31310-260, Brazil
| | - Daniel Lippross
- Departamento
de Química, Universidade Federal
de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-90, Brazil
| | - Bernardo R. A. Neves
- Departamento
de Física, Universidade Federal de
Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-90, Brazil
| | - Hélio Chacham
- Departamento
de Física, Universidade Federal de
Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-90, Brazil
| | - Andre S. Ferlauto
- Centro
de Tecnologia em Nanomateriais e Grafeno/UFMG, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, BHtec, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31310-260, Brazil
- Centro
de Engenharia, Modelagem e Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, São
Paulo 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo G. Lacerda
- Departamento
de Física, Universidade Federal de
Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-90, Brazil
- Centro
de Tecnologia em Nanomateriais e Grafeno/UFMG, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, BHtec, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31310-260, Brazil
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9
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Silva J, Dias R, Junior JI, Marcelino M, Silva M, Carmo A, Sousa M, Silva C, de Paula S. A Rapid Method for Performing a Multivariate Optimization of Phage Production Using the RCCD Approach. Pathogens 2021; 10:1100. [PMID: 34578135 PMCID: PMC8468216 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10091100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages can be used in various applications, from the classical approach as substitutes for antibiotics (phage therapy) to new biotechnological uses, i.e., as a protein delivery vehicle, a diagnostic tool for specific strains of bacteria (phage typing), or environmental bioremediation. The demand for bacteriophage production increases daily, and studies that improve these production processes are necessary. This study evaluated the production of a T4-like bacteriophage vB_EcoM-UFV09 (an E. coli-infecting phage with high potential for reducing environmental biofilms) in seven types of culture media (Luria-Bertani broth and the M9 minimal medium with six different carbon sources) employing four cultivation variables (temperature, incubation time, agitation, and multiplicity of infection). For this purpose, the rotatable central composite design (RCCD) methodology was used, combining and comparing all parameters to determine the ideal conditions for starting to scale up the production process. We used the RCCD to set up the experimental design by combining the cultivation parameters in a specific and systematic way. Despite the high number of conditions evaluated, the results showed that when specific conditions were utilized, viral production was effective even when using a minimal medium, such as M9/glucose, which is less expensive and can significantly reduce costs during large-scale phage production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunovirology, Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil; (J.S.); (R.D.); (M.M.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Roberto Dias
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunovirology, Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil; (J.S.); (R.D.); (M.M.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (M.S.)
| | - José Ivo Junior
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil;
| | - Maraísa Marcelino
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunovirology, Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil; (J.S.); (R.D.); (M.M.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Mirelly Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunovirology, Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil; (J.S.); (R.D.); (M.M.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Adriele Carmo
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunovirology, Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil; (J.S.); (R.D.); (M.M.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Maira Sousa
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunovirology, Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil; (J.S.); (R.D.); (M.M.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (M.S.)
- Leopoldo Américo Miguez de Mello Research Center (CENPES), Petrobras, Rio de Janeiro 20230-010, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil;
| | - Sergio de Paula
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunovirology, Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil; (J.S.); (R.D.); (M.M.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (M.S.)
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10
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Santos-Júnior CD, Sarmento H, de Miranda FP, Henrique-Silva F, Logares R. Uncovering the genomic potential of the Amazon River microbiome to degrade rainforest organic matter. Microbiome 2020; 8:151. [PMID: 33126925 PMCID: PMC7597016 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-020-00930-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Amazon River is one of the largest in the world and receives huge amounts of terrestrial organic matter (TeOM) from the surrounding rainforest. Despite this TeOM is typically recalcitrant (i.e. resistant to degradation), only a small fraction of it reaches the ocean, pointing to a substantial TeOM degradation by the river microbiome. Yet, microbial genes involved in TeOM degradation in the Amazon River were barely known. Here, we examined the Amazon River microbiome by analysing 106 metagenomes from 30 sampling points distributed along the river. RESULTS We constructed the Amazon River basin Microbial non-redundant Gene Catalogue (AMnrGC) that includes ~ 3.7 million non-redundant genes, affiliating mostly to bacteria. We found that the Amazon River microbiome contains a substantial gene-novelty compared to other relevant known environments (rivers and rainforest soil). Genes encoding for proteins potentially involved in lignin degradation pathways were correlated to tripartite tricarboxylates transporters and hemicellulose degradation machinery, pointing to a possible priming effect. Based on this, we propose a model on how the degradation of recalcitrant TeOM could be modulated by labile compounds in the Amazon River waters. Our results also suggest changes of the microbial community and its genomic potential along the river course. CONCLUSIONS Our work contributes to expand significantly our comprehension of the world's largest river microbiome and its potential metabolism related to TeOM degradation. Furthermore, the produced gene catalogue (AMnrGC) represents an important resource for future research in tropical rivers. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célio Dias Santos-Júnior
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Evolution – DGE, Universidade Federal de São Carlos – UFSCar, Rod. Washington Luis KM 235 - Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905 Brazil
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence – ISTBI, Fudan University, Handan Rd 220, Wu Jiao Chang, Yangpu, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Hugo Sarmento
- Laboratory of Microbial Processes & Biodiversity, Department of Hydrobiology – DHB, Universidade Federal de São Carlos – UFSCar, Via Washington Luis KM 235 - Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905 Brazil
| | - Fernando Pellon de Miranda
- Centro de Pesquisas e Desenvolvimento Leopoldo Américo Miguez de Mello, Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. (Petrobras), Av. Horácio Macedo 950, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-915 Brazil
| | - Flávio Henrique-Silva
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Evolution – DGE, Universidade Federal de São Carlos – UFSCar, Rod. Washington Luis KM 235 - Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905 Brazil
| | - Ramiro Logares
- Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC, Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, ES08003, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
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11
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Peffi Ferreira LF, Mazzi de Oliveira T, Toma SH, Toyama MM, Araki K, Avanzi LH. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) conjugated with lipase Candida antarctica A for biodiesel synthesis. RSC Adv 2020; 10:38490-38496. [PMID: 35517526 PMCID: PMC9057248 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06215d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodiesel is an alternative biodegradable and non-toxic fuel, with a low emission profile and capable of reducing significantly the level of carcinogenic pollutants released into the atmosphere. A newly designed nano-biocatalyst prepared by conjugation of lipase A on superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) demonstrated high efficiency for production of biodiesel by the reaction of soybean oil with anhydrous methanol. The nanomaterial was characterized by FTIR, TGA and XRD, and its enzymatic activity compared with Lipozyme 435, a commercial gold standard from Novozyme™, which presented average enzymatic activity of 4559 ± 75 only twice as large as that of the SPION-CAL-A catalyst (2283 ± 249 PLU g-1), whereas Lipozyme TLIM showed a much lower activity of 588 ± 16 PLU g-1. These results were confirmed in the transesterification reaction for production of biodiesel where a yield of 11.4% was achieved with Lipozyme 435 and 4.6 ± 0.5% with the nano-biocatalyst. Such an improved performance associated with easy magnetic recovery and reuse make the material potentially interesting for production of biodiesel from used cooking oil, adding value to this abundant resource.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thayná Mazzi de Oliveira
- Chemical Engineering Department, FEI University Center São Bernardo do Campo SP, 09850-901 Brazil
| | | | | | - Koiti Araki
- Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo SP, 05508-000 Brazil
| | - Luis Humberto Avanzi
- Physics Department, FEI University Center São Bernardo do Campo SP, 09850-901 Brazil
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12
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Rofatto VF, Matsuoka MT, Klein I, Veronez MR, da Silveira LG. On the effects of hard and soft equality constraints in the iterative outlier elimination procedure. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238145. [PMID: 32845919 PMCID: PMC7449505 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Reliability analysis allows for the estimation of a system’s probability of detecting and identifying outliers. Failure to identify an outlier can jeopardize the reliability level of a system. Due to its importance, outliers must be appropriately treated to ensure the normal operation of a system. System models are usually developed from certain constraints. Constraints play a central role in model precision and validity. In this work, we present a detailed investigation of the effects of the hard and soft constraints on the reliability of a measurement system model. Hard constraints represent a case in which there exist known functional relations between the unknown model parameters, whereas the soft constraints are employed where such functional relations can be slightly violated depending on their uncertainty. The results highlighted that the success rate of identifying an outlier for the case of hard constraints is larger than soft constraints. This suggested that hard constraints be used in the stage of pre-processing data for the purpose of identifying and removing possible outlying measurements. After identifying and removing possible outliers, one should set up the soft constraints to propagate their uncertainties to the model parameters during the data processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Francisco Rofatto
- Graduate Program in Remote Sensing, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Institute of Geography, Federal University of Uberlandia, Monte Carmelo, MG, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Marcelo Tomio Matsuoka
- Graduate Program in Remote Sensing, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Institute of Geography, Federal University of Uberlandia, Monte Carmelo, MG, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Agriculture and Geospatial Information, Federal University of Uberlandia, Monte Carmelo, MG, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Applied Computing, Unisinos University, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil
| | - Ivandro Klein
- Department of Civil Construction, Federal Institute of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Geodetic Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Maina S, Kachrimanidou V, Ladakis D, Papanikolaou S, de Castro AM, Koutinas A. Evaluation of 1,3-propanediol production by twoCitrobacter freundiistrains using crude glycerol and soybean cake hydrolysate. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:35523-35532. [PMID: 31267386 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05485-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biodiesel production processes using soybean as feedstock generates soybean cake and crude glycerol as by-products. These by-product streams were used as sole feedstocks for the production of 1,3-propanediol (PDO) using two bacterial strains of Citrobacter freundii. Soybean cake has been converted into a nutrient-rich hydrolysate by crude enzymes produced via solid state fermentation. The effect of initial glycerol and free amino nitrogen concentration on bacterial growth and PDO production has been evaluated in batch bioreactor cultures showing that C. freundii VK-19 is a more efficient PDO producer than C. freundii FMCC-8. The cultivation of C. freundii VK-19 in fed-batch bioreactor cultures using crude glycerol and soybean cake hydrolysates led to PDO concentration of 47.4 g/L with yield and productivity of 0.49 g/g and 1.01 g/L/h, respectively. The effect of PDO, metabolic by-products, and sodium and potassium salts on bacterial growth was evaluated showing that potassium salts initially enhance bacterial growth, whereas sodium salts cause significant inhibition to bacterial growth. Soybean cake hydrolysate and crude glycerol could be utilized for PDO production, but the fermentation efficiency is influenced by the catalyst used during biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Maina
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos, 75, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Kachrimanidou
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos, 75, Athens, Greece
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, P.O. Box 226, Reading, Berkshire, RG6 6AP, UK
| | - Dimitrios Ladakis
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos, 75, Athens, Greece
| | - Seraphim Papanikolaou
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos, 75, Athens, Greece
| | - Aline Machado de Castro
- Biotechnology Division, Research and Development Center, PETROBRAS, Av. Horácio Macedo, 950, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-915, Brazil
| | - Apostolis Koutinas
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos, 75, Athens, Greece.
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Papadaki A, Papapostolou H, Alexandri M, Kopsahelis N, Papanikolaou S, de Castro AM, Freire DMG, Koutinas AA. Fumaric acid production using renewable resources from biodiesel and cane sugar production processes. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:35960-35970. [PMID: 29654455 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1791-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The microbial production of fumaric acid by Rhizopus arrhizus NRRL 2582 has been evaluated using soybean cake from biodiesel production processes and very high polarity (VHP) sugar from sugarcane mills. Soybean cake was converted into a nutrient-rich hydrolysate via a two-stage bioprocess involving crude enzyme production via solid state fermentations (SSF) of either Aspergillus oryzae or R. arrhizus cultivated on soybean cake followed by enzymatic hydrolysis of soybean cake. The soybean cake hydrolysate produced using crude enzymes derived via SSF of R. arrhizus was supplemented with VHP sugar and evaluated using different initial free amino nitrogen (FAN) concentrations (100, 200, and 400 mg/L) in fed-batch cultures for fumaric acid production. The highest fumaric acid concentration (27.3 g/L) and yield (0.7 g/g of total consumed sugars) were achieved when the initial FAN concentration was 200 mg/L. The combination of VHP sugar with soybean cake hydrolysate derived from crude enzymes produced by SSF of A. oryzae at 200 mg/L initial FAN concentration led to the production of 40 g/L fumaric acid with a yield of 0.86 g/g of total consumed sugars. The utilization of sugarcane molasses led to low fumaric acid production by R. arrhizus, probably due to the presence of various minerals and phenolic compounds. The promising results achieved through the valorization of VHP sugar and soybean cake suggest that a focused study on molasses pretreatment could lead to enhanced fumaric acid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Papadaki
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece
| | - Harris Papapostolou
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Alexandri
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece
- Department of Bioengineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Kopsahelis
- Department of Food Technology, Technological Educational Institute (TEI) of Ionian Islands, Argostoli, 28100, Kefalonia, Greece
| | - Seraphim Papanikolaou
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Denise M G Freire
- Biochemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco A, Lab, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 549, Brazil
| | - Apostolis A Koutinas
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece.
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Corkeron P, Hamilton P, Bannister J, Best P, Charlton C, Groch KR, Findlay K, Rowntree V, Vermeulen E, Pace RM. The recovery of North Atlantic right whales, Eubalaena glacialis, has been constrained by human-caused mortality. R Soc Open Sci 2018; 5:180892. [PMID: 30564396 PMCID: PMC6281934 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
North Atlantic right whales (NARW), Eubalaena glacialis, were nearly exterminated by historical whaling. Their abundance slowly increased up until 2010, to a maximum of fewer than 500 whales, and since then they have been in decline. We assessed the extent to which the relatively slow increase demonstrated by NARW was intrinsic, and how much could be due to anthropogenic impacts. In order to do so, we first compared calf counts of three populations of Southern right whales (SRW), E. australis, with that of NARW, over the period 1992-2016. By this index, the annual rate of increase of NARW was approximately one-third of that of SRW. Next we constructed a population projection model for female NARW, using the highest annual survival estimates available from recent mark-resight analysis, and assuming a four-year calving interval. The model results indicated an intrinsic rate of increase of 4% per year, approximately twice that observed, and that adult female mortality is the main factor influencing this rate. Necropsy records demonstrate that anthropogenic mortality is the primary cause of known mortality of NARW. Anthropogenic mortality and morbidity has limited the recovery of NARW, and baseline conditions prior to their recent decline were already jeopardizing NARW recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Corkeron
- Protected Species Branch, NOAA Northeast Fisheries Science Center, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Philip Hamilton
- Anderson Cabot Center for Ocean Life, John H. Prescott Marine Laboratory, New England Aquarium, Boston, MA 02110, USA
| | - John Bannister
- The Western Australian Museum, Welshpool DC, Western Australia 6086, Australia
| | - Peter Best
- Mammal Research Institute Whale Unit, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
| | - Claire Charlton
- Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Karina R. Groch
- Projeto Baleia Franca/Instituto Australis, Imbituba, Santa Catarina 88780-000, Brazil
| | - Ken Findlay
- Research Chair: Oceans Economy, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Victoria Rowntree
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Instituto de Conservación de Ballenas, Capital Federal, Buenos Aires 5411, Argentina
| | - Els Vermeulen
- Mammal Research Institute Whale Unit, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
| | - Richard M. Pace
- Protected Species Branch, NOAA Northeast Fisheries Science Center, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
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Enrich-Prast A, Figueiredo V, Esteves FDA, Nielsen LP. Controls of Sediment Nitrogen Dynamics in Tropical Coastal Lagoons. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155586. [PMID: 27175907 PMCID: PMC4866711 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sediment denitrification rates seem to be lower in tropical environments than in temperate environments. Using the isotope pairing technique, we measured actual denitrification rates in the sediment of tropical coastal lagoons. To explain the low denitrification rates observed at all study sites (<5 μmol N2 m-2 h-1), we also evaluated potential oxygen (O2) consumption, potential nitrification, potential denitrification, potential anammox, and estimated dissimilatory nitrate (NO3-) reduction to ammonium (NH4+; DNRA) in the sediment. 15NO3- and 15NH4+ conversion was measured in oxic and anoxic slurries from the sediment surface. Sediment potential O2 consumption was used as a proxy for overall mineralization activity. Actual denitrification rates and different potential nitrogen (N) oxidation and reduction processes were significantly correlated with potential O2 consumption. The contribution of potential nitrification to total O2 consumption decreased from contributing 9% at sites with the lowest sediment mineralization rates to less than 0.1% at sites with the highest rates. NO3- reduction switched completely from potential denitrification to estimated DNRA. Ammonium oxidation and nitrite (NO2-) reduction by potential anammox contributed up to 3% in sediments with the lowest sediment mineralization rates. The majority of these patterns could be explained by variations in the microbial environments from stable and largely oxic conditions at low sediment mineralization sites to more variable conditions and the prevalences of anaerobic microorganisms at high sediment mineralization sites. Furthermore, the presence of algal and microbial mats on the sediment had a significant effect on all studied processes. We propose a theoretical model based on low and high sediment mineralization rates to explain the growth, activity, and distribution of microorganisms carrying out denitrification and DNRA in sediments that can explain the dominance or coexistence of DNRA and denitrification processes. The results presented here show that the potential activity of anaerobic nitrate-reducing organisms is not dependent on the availability of environmental NO3-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Enrich-Prast
- Laboratório de Biogeoquímica, Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Environmental Change, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Viviane Figueiredo
- Laboratório de Biogeoquímica, Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Departamento de Geoquímica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Francisco de Assis Esteves
- Laboratório de Limnologia, Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Sócio-ambiental de Macaé, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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