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Zhou P, Ouchari M, Xue Y, Yin Q. In Vitro Generation of Red Blood Cells from Stem Cell and Targeted Therapy. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720946658. [PMID: 32830529 PMCID: PMC7563022 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720946658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is a common therapeutic intervention,
which is necessary for patients with emergency or hematological
disorders to reduce morbidity and mortality. However, to date, blood
available for transfusion is a limited resource, and the transfusion
coverage system still depends on the volunteer-based collection
system. The scarcity of blood supplies commonly develops because of
local conditions that transiently affect collection. Moreover,
donor-derived infectious disease transmission events also remain a
risk. Thus, there is a huge demand for artificial blood. The
production of cultured RBCs from stem cells is slowly emerging as a
potential alternative to donor-derived red cell transfusion products.
In this concise review, we summarize the recent in vitro expansion of
RBCs from various stem cell sources, targeted therapy, prospects, and
remaining challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Hainan, China
| | - Mouna Ouchari
- Department of Immunology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yun Xue
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Qinan Yin
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China.,Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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2
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Liu S, Wu M, Lancelot M, Deng J, Gao Y, Roback JD, Chen T, Cheng L. BMI1 enables extensive expansion of functional erythroblasts from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Mol Ther 2021; 29:1918-1932. [PMID: 33484967 PMCID: PMC8116606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Transfusion of red blood cells (RBCs) from ABO-matched but genetically unrelated donors is commonly used for treating anemia and acute blood loss. Increasing demand and insufficient supply for donor RBCs, especially those of universal blood types or free of known and unknown pathogens, has called for ex vivo generation of functional RBCs by large-scale cell culture. However, generating physiological numbers of transfusable cultured RBCs (cRBCs) ex vivo remains challenging, due to our inability to either extensively expand primary RBC precursors (erythroblasts) or achieve efficient enucleation once erythroblasts have been expanded and induced to differentiation and maturation. Here, we report that ectopic expression of the human BMI1 gene confers extensive expansion of human erythroblasts, which can be derived readily from adult peripheral blood mononuclear cells of either healthy donors or sickle cell patients. These extensively expanded erythroblasts (E3s) are able to proliferate exponentially (>1 trillion-fold in 2 months) in a defined culture medium. Expanded E3 cells are karyotypically normal and capable of terminal maturation with approximately 50% enucleation. Additionally, E3-derived cRBCs can circulate in a mouse model following transfusion similar to primary human RBCs. Therefore, we provide a facile approach of generating physiological numbers of human functional erythroblasts ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senquan Liu
- Blood and Cell Therapy Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China; Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Mengyao Wu
- Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Division of Hematology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Moira Lancelot
- Center for Transfusion and Cellular Therapies, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jiusheng Deng
- Center for Transfusion and Cellular Therapies, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yongxing Gao
- Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - John D Roback
- Center for Transfusion and Cellular Therapies, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Tong Chen
- Division of Hematology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Linzhao Cheng
- Blood and Cell Therapy Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China; Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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3
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Wang X, Karki U, Abeygunaratne H, UnnoldCofre C, Xu J. Plant cell-secreted stem cell factor stimulates expansion and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. Process Biochem 2020; 100:39-48. [PMID: 33071562 DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Ex vivo generation of red blood cells (RBCs) from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) used for blood transfusion represents one of the focuses in current regenerative medicine. However, massive production of HSCs-based RBCs requires a significant quantity of erythropoietic growth factors, making manufacturing at large scale cost prohibitive. Plant cell culture is proposed to be a promising bioproduction platform for functional human proteins in a safe and cost-efficient manner. This study exploited a proprietary technology, named HypGP engineering technology, for high-yield production of one of the key erythropoietic growth factors--stem cell factor (SCF)--in plant cell culture. Specifically, a designer hydroxyproline (Hyp)-O-glycosylated peptide (HypGP) comprised of 20 tandem repeats of the "Ser-Pro" motif, or (SP)20, was engineered at either the N-terminus or C-terminus of SCF in tobacco BY-2 cells. The (SP)20 tag dramatically increased the secreted yields of SCF up to 2.5 μg/ml. The (SP)20-tagged SCF showed bioactivity in promoting the proliferation of the TF-1 cell line, although the SCF-(SP)20 was 8.4-fold more potent than the (SP)20-SCF. Both the (SP)20-SCF and SCF-(SP)20 exhibited desired function in stimulating the expansion and differentiation of human umbilical cord blood CD34+ cells towards RBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Wang
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72401, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72401, USA
| | - Uddhab Karki
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72401, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72401, USA
| | - Hasara Abeygunaratne
- Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72401, USA
| | - Carmela UnnoldCofre
- Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72401, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72401, USA.,College of Agriculture, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72401, USA
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4
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Large-scale in vitro production of red blood cells from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Blood Adv 2020; 3:3337-3350. [PMID: 31698463 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfusion of donor-derived red blood cells (RBC) is the most common form of cellular therapy. Donor availability and the potential risk of alloimmunization and other transfusion-related complications may, however, limit the availability of transfusion units, especially for chronically transfused patients. In vitro cultured, customizable RBC would negate these concerns and further increase precision medicine. Large-scale, cost-effective production depends on optimization of culture conditions. We developed a defined medium and adapted our protocols to good manufacturing practice (GMP) culture requirements, which reproducibly provided pure erythroid cultures from peripheral blood mononuclear cells without prior CD34+ isolation, and a 3 × 107-fold increase in erythroblasts in 25 days (or from 100 million peripheral blood mononuclear cells, 2 to 4 mL packed red cells can be produced). Expanded erythroblast cultures could be differentiated to CD71dimCD235a+CD44+CD117-DRAQ5- RBC in 12 days. More than 90% of the cells enucleated and expressed adult hemoglobin as well as the correct blood group antigens. Deformability and oxygen-binding capacity of cultured RBC was comparable to in vivo reticulocytes. Daily RNA sampling during differentiation followed by RNA-sequencing provided a high-resolution map/resource of changes occurring during terminal erythropoiesis. The culture process was compatible with upscaling using a G-Rex bioreactor with a capacity of 1 L per reactor, allowing transition toward clinical studies and small-scale applications.
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Fujishiro A, Iwasa M, Fujii S, Maekawa T, Andoh A, Tohyama K, Takaori-Kondo A, Miura Y. Menatetrenone facilitates hematopoietic cell generation in a manner that is dependent on human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal/stem cells. Int J Hematol 2020; 112:316-330. [PMID: 32572826 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-020-02916-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin K2 in the form of menatetrenone has clinical benefits for osteoporosis and cytopenia. Given the dominant role of mesenchymal-osteolineage cells in the regulation of hematopoiesis, we investigated whether menatetrenone alters the hematopoiesis-supportive capability of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (BM-MSCs). Menatetrenone up-regulated fibronectin protein expression in BM-MSCs without affecting their proliferation and differentiation capabilities. In addition, menatetrenone treatment of BM-MSCs enhanced generation of the CD34+ cell population in co-cultures through acceleration of the cell cycle. This effect was associated with cell-cell interactions mediated by VLA-4 and fibronectin. This proposal was supported by cytokine array and quantitative real-time PCR analyses, in which there were no significant differences between the expression levels of hematopoiesis-associated soluble factors in naïve and menatetrenone-treated BM-MSCs. Profiling of hematopoietic cells in co-cultures with menatetrenone-treated BM-MSCs demonstrated that they included significantly more CD34+CD38+ hematopoietic progenitor cells and cells skewed toward myeloid and megakaryocytic lineages than those in co-cultures with untreated BM-MSCs. Notably, myelodysplastic syndrome-derived cells were induced to undergo apoptosis when co-cultured with BM-MSCs, and this effect was enhanced by menatetrenone. Overall, our findings indicate that pharmacological treatment with menatetrenone bestows a unique hematopoiesis-supportive capability on BM-MSCs, which may contribute to the clinical improvement of cytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Fujishiro
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. .,Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowacho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan.
| | - Masaki Iwasa
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowacho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Sumie Fujii
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School for Medicine, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Taira Maekawa
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akira Andoh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowacho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Kaoru Tohyama
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School for Medicine, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuo Miura
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School for Medicine, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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6
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Zamani M, Yaghoubi Y, Naimi A, Hassanzadeh A, Pourakbari R, Aghebati-Maleki L, Motavalli R, Aghlmandi A, Mehdizadeh A, Nazari M, Yousefi M, Movassaghpour AA. Humanized Culture Medium for Clinical-Grade Generation of Erythroid Cells from Umbilical Cord Blood CD34 + Cells. Adv Pharm Bull 2020; 11:335-342. [PMID: 33880356 PMCID: PMC8046389 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2021.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Transfusion of red blood cells (RBCs) is a supportive and common treatment in surgical care, trauma, and anemia. However, in vivo production of RBC seems to be a suitable alternative for blood transfusions due to the limitation of blood resources, the possibility of disease transmission, immune reactions, and the presence of rare blood groups. Cell cultures require serum-free or culture media supplemented with highly expensive animal serum, which can transmit xenoviruses. Platelet lysate (PL) can be considered as a suitable alternative containing a high level of growth factors and a low production cost. Methods: Three-step culture media supplemented with PL or fetal bovine serum (FBS) were used for proliferation and differentiation of CD34+ umbilical cord blood stem cells to erythrocytes in co-culture with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). The cells were cultivated for 15 days and cell proliferation and expansion were assessed using cell counts at different days. Erythroid differentiation genes, CD71 and glycophorin A expression levels were evaluated. Results: Maximum hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) proliferation was observed on day 15 in PL-containing medium (99±17×103-fold). Gene expression and surface markers showed higher differentiation of cells in PL-containing medium. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that PL can enhance erythroid proliferation and differentiation of CD34+ HSCs. PL can also be used as a proper alternative for FBS in the culture medium and HSCs differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Zamani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Yoda Yaghoubi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Adel Naimi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Ali Hassanzadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Pourakbari
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Roza Motavalli
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Afsoon Aghlmandi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Mehdizadeh
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Nazari
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Movassaghpour
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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7
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Kim SH, Lee EM, Han SY, Choi HS, Ryu KY, Baek EJ. Improvement of Red Blood Cell MaturationIn Vitroby Serum-Free Medium Optimization. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2019; 25:232-242. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2019.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seo Hui Kim
- Department of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Mi Lee
- Department of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Han
- Department of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sook Choi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Ryu
- Departmemt of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Baek
- Department of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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8
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Alattar N, Daud H, Al-Majmaie R, Zeulla D, Al-Rubeai M, Rice JH. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering for rapid hematopoietic stem cell differentiation analysis. APPLIED OPTICS 2018; 57:E184-E189. [PMID: 30117870 DOI: 10.1364/ao.57.00e184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Raman-spectroscopy-based methods, such as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, are a well-evolved method to molecular fingerprint cell types. Here we demonstrate that surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy can enable us to distinguish cell development stages of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells towards red blood cells through the identification of specific surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy biomarkers. The approach taken here is to allow cells to take in gold nanoparticles as Raman enhancement platforms for kinetic structural observations presented here through the view of the multidimensional parameter contribution, thereby enabling profiling of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells acquired from proliferation (stage one), differentiation (stage two), and mature red blood cells (stage three).
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9
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Inhibition of ex vivo erythropoiesis by secreted and haemozoin-associated Plasmodium falciparum products. Parasitology 2018; 145:1865-1875. [PMID: 29739485 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182018000653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
It has been estimated that up to a third of global malaria deaths may be attributable to malarial anaemia, with children and pregnant women being those most severely affected. An inefficient erythropoietic response to the destruction of both infected and uninfected erythrocytes in infections with Plasmodium spp. contributes significantly to the development and persistence of such anaemia. The underlying mechanisms, which could involve both direct inhibition of erythropoiesis by parasite-derived factors and indirect inhibition as a result of modulation of the immune response, remain poorly understood. We found parasite-derived factors in conditioned medium (CM) of blood-stage Plasmodium falciparum and crude isolates of parasite haemozoin directly to inhibit erythropoiesis in an ex vivo model based on peripheral blood haematopoietic stem cells. Erythropoiesis-inhibiting activity was detected in a fraction of CM that was sensitive to heat inactivation and protease digestion. Erythropoiesis was also inhibited by crude parasite haemozoin but not by detergent-treated, heat-inactivated or protease-digested haemozoin. These results suggest that the erythropoiesis-inhibiting activity in both cases is mediated by proteins or protein-containing biomolecules and may offer new leads to the treatment of malarial anaemia.
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Kupzig S, Parsons SF, Curnow E, Anstee DJ, Blair A. Superior survival of ex vivo cultured human reticulocytes following transfusion into mice. Haematologica 2016; 102:476-483. [PMID: 27909219 PMCID: PMC5394952 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.154443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of cultured red blood cells from stem cell sources may fill an unmet clinical need for transfusion-dependent patients, particularly in countries that lack a sufficient and safe blood supply. Cultured red blood cells were generated from human CD34+ cells from adult peripheral blood or cord blood by ex vivo expansion, and a comprehensive in vivo survival comparison with standard red cell concentrates was undertaken. Significant amplification (>105-fold) was achieved using CD34+ cells from both cord blood and peripheral blood, generating high yields of enucleated cultured red blood cells. Following transfusion, higher levels of cultured red cells could be detected in the murine circulation compared to standard adult red cells. The proportions of cultured blood cells from cord or peripheral blood sources remained high 24 hours post-transfusion (82±5% and 78±9%, respectively), while standard adult blood cells declined rapidly to only 49±9% by this time. In addition, the survival time of cultured blood cells in mice was longer than that of standard adult red cells. A paired comparison of cultured blood cells and standard adult red blood cells from the same donor confirmed the enhanced in vivo survival capacity of the cultured cells. The study herein represents the first demonstration that ex vivo generated cultured red blood cells survive longer than donor red cells using an in vivo model that more closely mimics clinical transfusion. Cultured red blood cells may offer advantages for transfusion-dependent patients by reducing the number of transfusions required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Kupzig
- NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit, Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences, National Health Service Blood and Transplant, UK
| | - Stephen F Parsons
- NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit, Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences, National Health Service Blood and Transplant, UK
| | - Elinor Curnow
- Statistics and Clinical Studies, National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Bristol, UK
| | - David J Anstee
- NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit, Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences, National Health Service Blood and Transplant, UK
| | - Allison Blair
- NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit, Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences, National Health Service Blood and Transplant, UK .,School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, UK
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11
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Liu YX, Dong X, Gong F, Su N, Li SB, Zhang HT, Liu JL, Xue JH, Ji SP, Zhang Z. Promotion of Erythropoietic Differentiation in Hematopoietic Stem Cells by SOCS3 Knock-Down. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135259. [PMID: 26252772 PMCID: PMC4529111 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) plays an important role in mice fetal liver erythropoiesis, but the roles of SOCS3 in human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have not been well investigated. In the present study, lentiviral small interference RNA expression vectors (shRNA) of SOCS3 were constructed and stably transferred into HSCs. We found that SOCS3 knockdown induced erythroid expansion in HSCs. Conversely, Ectopic expression of SOCS3 in progenitor cells blocked erythroid expansion and erythroid colony formation of HSCs. To further explore the involved mechanism, we compared gene expression profiles of SOCS3-shRNA tranduced HSCs with that of control HSCs by whole genome microarrays. The results indicated that cell developmental process related genes, especially hematopoietic lineage-specific genes, associated with the responses to SOCS3 in HSCs.Downexpression of SOCS3 in HSCs or differentiated erythroid progenitor cells induced a transcriptional program enriched for erythroid development relative genes. Our results proved that SOCS3 down-expression induced lineage commitment towards erythroid progenitor cell fate by activation of erythroid-specific gene in HSCs and provided new insight into the mechanism of erythropoietic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-xiao Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Dong
- Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Gong
- Beijing Institution of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Su
- First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Su-bo Li
- Beijing Institution of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-tao Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-ling Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-hui Xue
- First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (JHX); (SPJ); (ZWZ)
| | - Shou-ping Ji
- Beijing Institution of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (JHX); (SPJ); (ZWZ)
| | - Zhi–wen Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (JHX); (SPJ); (ZWZ)
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12
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Metabolic profiling of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells during proliferation and differentiation into red blood cells. N Biotechnol 2015; 33:179-86. [PMID: 26013297 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
An understanding of the metabolic profile of cell proliferation and differentiation should support the optimization of culture conditions for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) proliferation, differentiation, and maturation into red blood cells. We have evaluated the key metabolic parameters during each phase of HSPC culture for red blood cell production in serum-supplemented (SS) and serum-free (SF) conditions. A simultaneous decrease in growth rate, total protein content, cell size, and the percentage of cells in the S/G2 phase of cell cycle, as well as an increase in the percentage of cells with a CD71(-)/GpA(+) surface marker profile, indicates HSPC differentiation into red blood cells. Compared with proliferating HSPCs, differentiating HSPCs showed significantly lower glucose and glutamine consumption rates, lactate and ammonia production rates, and amino acid consumption and production rates in both SS and SF conditions. Furthermore, extracellular acidification was associated with late proliferation phase, suggesting a reduced cellular metabolic rate during the transition from proliferation to differentiation. Under both SS and SF conditions, cells demonstrated a high metabolic rate with a mixed metabolism of both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in early and late proliferation, an increased dependence on OXPHOS activity during differentiation, and a shift to glycolytic metabolism only during maturation phase. These changes indicate that cell metabolism may have an important impact on the ability of HSPCs to proliferate and differentiate into red blood cells.
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13
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Dorn I, Klich K, Arauzo-Bravo MJ, Radstaak M, Santourlidis S, Ghanjati F, Radke TF, Psathaki OE, Hargus G, Kramer J, Einhaus M, Kim JB, Kögler G, Wernet P, Schöler HR, Schlenke P, Zaehres H. Erythroid differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells is independent of donor cell type of origin. Haematologica 2014; 100:32-41. [PMID: 25326431 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2014.108068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic memory in induced pluripotent stem cells, which is related to the somatic cell type of origin of the stem cells, might lead to variations in the differentiation capacities of the pluripotent stem cells. In this context, induced pluripotent stem cells from human CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cells might be more suitable for hematopoietic differentiation than the commonly used fibroblast-derived induced pluripotent stem cells. To investigate the influence of an epigenetic memory on the ex vivo expansion of induced pluripotent stem cells into erythroid cells, we compared induced pluripotent stem cells from human neural stem cells and human cord blood-derived CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cells and evaluated their potential for differentiation into hematopoietic progenitor and mature red blood cells. Although genome-wide DNA methylation profiling at all promoter regions demonstrates that the epigenetic memory of induced pluripotent stem cells is influenced by the somatic cell type of origin of the stem cells, we found a similar hematopoietic induction potential and erythroid differentiation pattern of induced pluripotent stem cells of different somatic cell origin. All human induced pluripotent stem cell lines showed terminal maturation into normoblasts and enucleated reticulocytes, producing predominantly fetal hemoglobin. Differences were only observed in the growth rate of erythroid cells, which was slightly higher in the induced pluripotent stem cells derived from CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cells. More detailed methylation analysis of the hematopoietic and erythroid promoters identified similar CpG methylation levels in the induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from CD34(+) cells and those derived from neural stem cells, which confirms their comparable erythroid differentiation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Dorn
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Germany
| | - Katharina Klich
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Transplantation Immunology, University Hospital Münster, Germany
| | - Marcos J Arauzo-Bravo
- Group of Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Martina Radstaak
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Simeon Santourlidis
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Foued Ghanjati
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Teja F Radke
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Gunnar Hargus
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany
| | - Jan Kramer
- Medical Department I, University of Lübeck, Germany LADR GmbH, Geesthacht, Germany
| | | | - Jeong Beom Kim
- UNIST, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gesine Kögler
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Wernet
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans R Schöler
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Germany
| | - Peter Schlenke
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Transplantation Immunology, University Hospital Münster, Germany Clinics for Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University Graz, Austria
| | - Holm Zaehres
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
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14
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Browne SM, Daud H, Murphy WG, Al-Rubeai M. Measuring dissolved oxygen to track erythroid differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells in culture. J Biotechnol 2014; 187:135-8. [PMID: 25107508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.07.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
As stem cell technologies move from the developmental to the commercial stage strategies must be developed to monitor culture operations. These will ensure consistency of differentiation programs and maintenance of optimum cell viability during production runs. Due to the sensitivity of stem cells to their environment, and their variability in response to external stimuli, accurate monitoring of in vitro conditions will be crucial for effective large-scale culturing of therapeutic stem cells. Here we describe a simple method to monitor the expansion and maturation of adult human haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells into red blood cells in vitro by measuring the oxygen consumption rate of cultures. Cell cultures followed a characteristic pattern of oxygen consumption that is reflective of in vivo erythroid maturation. This method could be easily developed as an online system to map erythroid differentiation and maturation of cultured cells as effectively as the more time consuming process of flow cytometric analysis of surface marker expression patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Browne
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Hasbullah Daud
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - William G Murphy
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mohamed Al-Rubeai
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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15
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Simply red: A novel spectrophotometric erythroid proliferation assay as a tool for erythropoiesis and erythrotoxicity studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [PMID: 28626660 PMCID: PMC5466125 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Most mammalian cell proliferation assays rely on manual or automated cell counting or the assessment of metabolic activity in colorimetric assays, with the former being either labor and time intensive or expensive and the latter being multistep procedures requiring the addition of several reagents. The proliferation of erythroid cells from hematopoietic stem cells and their differentiation into mature red blood cells is characterized by the accumulation of large amounts of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin concentrations are easily quantifiable using spectrophotometric methods due to the specific absorbance peak of the molecule’s heme moiety between 400 and 420 nm. Erythroid proliferation can therefore be readily assessed using spectrophotometric measurement in this range. We have used this feature of erythroid cells to develop a simple erythroid proliferation assay that is minimally labor/time- and reagent-intensive and could easily be automated for use in high-throughput screening. Such an assay can be a valuable tool for investigations into hematological disorders where erythropoiesis is dysregulated, i.e., either inhibited or enhanced, into the development of anemia as a side-effect of primary diseases such as parasitic infections and into cyto-(particularly erythro-) toxicity of chemical agents or drugs.
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16
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Erythropoietic potential of CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells from human cord blood and G-CSF-mobilized peripheral blood. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:435215. [PMID: 24883313 PMCID: PMC4026878 DOI: 10.1155/2014/435215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) supply for transfusion has been severely constrained by the limited availability of donor blood and the emergence of infection and contamination issues. Alternatively, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from human organs have been increasingly considered as safe and effective blood source. Several methods have been studied to obtain mature RBCs from CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells via in vitro culture. Among them, human cord blood (CB) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-mobilized adult peripheral blood (mPB) are common adult stem cells used for allogeneic transplantation. Our present study focuses on comparing CB- and mPB-derived stem cells in differentiation from CD34+ cells into mature RBCs. By using CD34+ cells from cord blood and G-CSF mobilized peripheral blood, we showed in vitro RBC generation of artificial red blood cells. Our results demonstrate that CB- and mPB-derived CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells have similar characteristics when cultured under the same conditions, but differ considerably with respect to expression levels of various genes and hemoglobin development. This study is the first to compare the characteristics of CB- and mPB-derived erythrocytes. The results support the idea that CB and mPB, despite some similarities, possess different erythropoietic potentials in in vitro culture systems.
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17
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van Veen T, Hunt JA. Tissue engineering red blood cells: a therapeutic. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2014; 9:760-70. [DOI: 10.1002/term.1885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Theun van Veen
- Clinical Engineering, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease; University of Liverpool; UK
| | - John A. Hunt
- Clinical Engineering, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease; University of Liverpool; UK
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18
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Abstract
To date, the use of red blood cells (RBCs) produced from stem cells in vitro has not proved practical for routine transfusion. However, the perpetual and widespread shortage of blood products, problems related to transfusion-transmitted infections, and new emerging pathogens elicit an increasing demand for artificial blood. Worldwide efforts to achieve the goal of RBC production through stem cell research have received vast attention; however, problems with large-scale production and cost effectiveness have yet to prove practical usefulness. Some progress has been made, though, as cord blood stem cells and embryonic stem cells have shown an ability to differentiate and proliferate, and induced pluripotent stem cells have been shown to be an unlimited source for RBC production. However, transfusion of stem cell-derived RBCs still presents a number of challenges to overcome. This paper will summarize an up to date account of research and advances in stem cell-derived RBCs, delineate our laboratory protocol in producing RBCs from cord blood, and introduce the technological developments and limitations to current RBC production practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ok Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Korea.
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19
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Rousseau GF, Giarratana MC, Douay L. Large-scale production of red blood cells from stem cells: what are the technical challenges ahead? Biotechnol J 2013; 9:28-38. [PMID: 24408610 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201200368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Blood-transfusion centers regularly face the challenge of donor blood shortages, especially for rare blood groups. The possibility of producing universal red blood cells from stem cells industrially has become a possible alternative since the successful injection of blood generated in vitro into a human being in 2011. Although there remains many biological and regulatory issues concerning the efficacy and safety of this new product, the major challenge today for future clinical applications is switching from the current limited 2-dimensional production techniques to large-scale 3-dimensional bioreactors. In addition to requiring technological breakthroughs, the whole process also has to become at least five-fold more cost-efficient to match the current prices of high-quality blood products. The current review sums up the main biological advances of the past decade, outlines the key biotechnological challenges for the large-scale cost-effective production of red blood cells, proposes solutions based on strategies used in the bioindustry and presents the state-of-the-art of large-scale blood production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume F Rousseau
- UPMC University Paris 6, UMR_S938, Proliferation and Differentiation of Stem Cells, Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S938, Proliferation and Differentiation of Stem Cells, Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
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20
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Du Z, Cai H, Ye Z, Tan WS. Optimization of SCF feeding regimen for ex vivo expansion of cord blood hematopoietic stem cells. J Biotechnol 2013; 164:211-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Giarratana MC, Marie T, Darghouth D, Douay L. Biological validation of bio-engineered red blood cell productions. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2012; 50:69-79. [PMID: 23040561 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2012.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Revised: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The generation in vitro of cultured red blood cells (cRBC) could become an alternative to classical transfusion products. However, even when derived from healthy donors, the cRBC generated in vitro from hematopoietic stem cells may display alterations resulting from a poor controlled production process. In this context, we attempted to monitor the quality of the transfusion products arising from new biotechnologies. For that purpose, we developed an in vitro erythrophagocytosis (EP) test with the murine fibroblast cell line MS-5 and human macrophages (reference method). We evaluated 38 batches of cRBC, at the stage of reticulocyte, generated from CD34(+) cells isolated from placental blood or by leukapheresis. We showed that (i) the EP test performed with the MS-5 cell line was sensitive and can replace human macrophages for the evaluation of cultured cells. (ii) The EP tests revealed disparities among the batches of cRBC. (iii) The viability of the cells (determined by calcein-AM test), the expression of CD47 (antiphagocytosis receptor) and the externalization of phosphatidylserine (PS, marker of phagocytosis) were not critical parameters for the validation of the cRBC. (iv) Conversely, the cell deformability determined by ektacytometry was inversely correlated with the intensity of the phagocytic index. Assuming that the culture conditions directly influence the quality of the cell products generated, optimization of the production mode could benefit from the erythrophagocytosis test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Catherine Giarratana
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S938 CDR Saint-Antoine, Prolifération et Différentiation des Cellules Souches, Paris, France
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22
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Lahoti V, Murphy W, Al-Rubeai M. Mathematical approach for the optimal expansion of erythroid progenitors in monolayer culture. J Biotechnol 2012; 161:308-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Revised: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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23
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Ivanović Z, Vlaski M. Production of hematopoietic cells from umbilical cord blood stem cells for transfusion purposes: Focus on ex vivo generation of red blood cells. SCRIPTA MEDICA 2012. [DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed1202099i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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24
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Migliaccio AR, Masselli E, Varricchio L, Whitsett C. Ex-vivo expansion of red blood cells: how real for transfusion in humans? Blood Rev 2011; 26:81-95. [PMID: 22177597 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2011.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Blood transfusion is indispensable for modern medicine. In developed countries, the blood supply is adequate and safe but blood for alloimmunized patients is often unavailable. Concerns are increasing that donations may become inadequate in the future as the population ages prompting a search for alternative transfusion products. Improvements in culture conditions and proof-of-principle studies in animal models have suggested that ex-vivo expanded red cells may represent such a product. Compared to other cell therapies transfusion poses the unique challenge of requiring great cell doses (2.5×10(12) cells vs 10(7) cells). Although production of such cell numbers is theoretically possible, current technologies generate red cells in numbers sufficient only for safety studies. It is conceived that by the time these studies will be completed, technical barriers to mass cell production will have been eliminated making transfusion with ex-vivo generated red cells a reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rita Migliaccio
- The Tisch Cancer Institute and Myeloproliferative Disease Research Consortium (MPD-RC), Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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25
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Under HEMA conditions, self-replication of human erythroblasts is limited by autophagic death. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2011; 47:182-97. [PMID: 21775174 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Revised: 05/26/2011] [Accepted: 05/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The number of erythroblasts generated ex-vivo under human-erythroid massive-amplification conditions by mononuclear cells from one unit of adult blood (~10(10)) are insufficient for transfusion (~10(12) red cells), emphasizing the need for studies to characterize cellular interactions during culture to increase erythroblast production. To identify the cell populations which generate erythroblasts under human-erythroid-massive-amplification conditions and the factors that limit proliferation, day 10 non-erythroblasts and immature- and mature-erythroblasts were separated by sorting, labelled with carboxyfluorescein-diacetate-succinimidyl-ester and re-cultured either under these conditions (for proliferation, maturation and/or apoptosis/autophagy determinations) or in semisolid media (for progenitor cell determination). Non-erythroblasts contained 54% of the progenitor cells but did not grow under human-erythroid-massive-amplification conditions. Immature-erythroblasts contained 25% of the progenitor cells and generated erythroblasts under human-erythroid-massive-amplification conditions (FI at 48 h=2.57±1.15). Mature-erythroblasts did not generate colonies and died in human-erythroid-massive-amplification conditions. In sequential sorting/re-culture experiments, immature-erythroblasts retained the ability to generate erythroblasts for 6 days and generated 2-5-fold more cells than the corresponding unfractionated population, suggesting that mature-erythroblasts may limit erythroblast expansion. In co-cultures of carboxyfluorescein-diacetate-succinimidyl-ester-labelled-immature-erythroblasts with mature-erythroblasts at increasing ratios, cell numbers did not increase and proliferation, maturation and apoptotic rates were unchanged. However, Acridine Orange staining (a marker for autophagic death) increased from ~3.2% in cultures with immature-erythroblasts alone to 14-22% in cultures of mature-erythroblasts with and without immature-erythroblasts. In conclusion, these data identify immature-erythroblasts as the cells that generate additional erythroblasts in human-erythroid-massive-amplification cultures and autophagy as the leading cause of death limiting the final cellular output of these cultures.
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26
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Potenzial hämatopoetischer Stammzellen als Ausgangsmaterial für Arzneimittel für neuartige Therapien. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2011; 54:791-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00103-011-1305-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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27
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Mansouri S, Merhi Y, Winnik FM, Tabrizian M. Investigation of layer-by-layer assembly of polyelectrolytes on fully functional human red blood cells in suspension for attenuated immune response. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:585-92. [PMID: 21306170 DOI: 10.1021/bm101200c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The encapsulation of live cells with polymeric coat-ings is a versatile approach to modulate or control the response cells to their environment. The layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly of nonimmunogenic polyelectrolytes is employed here to attenuate or suppress the binding of antibodies to live red blood cells (RBCs) and, consequently, decrease their inherent immunogenicity toward foreign RBCs. The optimized shell was composed of four bilayers of alginate (AL) and chitosan-graft-phosphorylcholine (CH-PC) surrounded by two bilayers of AL and poly-l-lysine-graft-polyethylene glycol (PLL-PEG). Experimental parameters, including the polyelectrolytes and RBCs concentrations and the cell handling and purification protocols, were optimized to achieve effective encapsulation of live and functional RBCs in suspension. The viability and functionality of coated RBCs were confirmed by a hemolysis assay and by their ability to take up oxygen. The successful immunocamouflage of RBCs was confirmed by observing that the recognition of the ABO/D (Rh) blood group antigens present on the surface of RBCs by their respective antibodies was muted in the case of coated RBCs. The results of this studies mark an important step toward the production of universal RBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sania Mansouri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, H3A 2B, Montreal, Canada
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Snyder
- Yale University School of Medicine, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut 06512, USA.
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29
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Abstract
To predict the timing and nature of future changes in the practice of blood transfusion, several factors must be considered. The historical rate of change of a scientific field can often provide a rough guide to the rate of future progress. To improve the accuracy of these predictions, historical rates must be adjusted to take into account the decelerating effects of technological or methodological barriers to progress, together with the potentially accelerating effects of transformative technology breakthroughs and unmet needs in the field that act as drivers for change. The cumulative impact of unpredictable and, often, limited availability of traditional blood donors, increasingly elderly populations, the potential for storage-associated adverse events, and increasingly prevalent transfusion-transmittable diseases is likely to provide significant drive to develop transformational alternatives to current transfusion practices. Considering the current stage of development of stem cell-based therapeutics and the rates of change in clinically compatible bioreactors and cell sorting systems, it is reasonable to believe that stem cell-based ex vivo manufacture of blood components will become routine, robust, and reliable within the next decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stewart Abbot
- Celgene Cellular Therapeutics, 7 Powderhorn Drive, Warren, NJ 07059, USA.
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30
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The effect of mild agitation on in vitro erythroid development. J Immunol Methods 2010; 360:20-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2010.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2010] [Revised: 05/21/2010] [Accepted: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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Nichols JE, Niles J, Walls S, Cortiella J. In vitro human bone marrow analog: clinical potential. Regen Med 2010; 5:289-98. [PMID: 20210588 DOI: 10.2217/rme.10.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow is the primary site of hematopoiesis in adult humans. Bone marrow can be cultured in vitro but few simple culture systems fully support hematopoiesis beyond a few months. Human bone marrow analogs are long-term in vitro cultures of marrow stromal and hematopoietic stem cells that can be used to produce cells and products normally harvested from human donors. Bone marrow analog systems should exhibit confluence of the stromal cell populations, persistence of hematopoietic progenitor cells, presence of active regions of hematopoiesis and capacity to produce mature cell types for extended periods of time. Although we are still years away from realizing clinical application of products formed by artificial bone marrow analogs, the process of transitioning this research tool from bench to bedside should be fairly straightforward. The most obvious application of artificial marrow would be for production of autologous hematopoietic CD34(+) stem cells as a stem cell therapy for individuals experiencing bone marrow failure due to disease or injury. Another logical application is for 'blood farming', a process for large-scale in vitro production of red blood cells, white blood cells or platelets, for transfusion or treatment. Other possibilities include production of nonhematopoietic stem cells such as osteogenic stromal cells, osteoblasts and rare pluripotent stem cells. Bone marrow analogs also have great potential as ex vivo human test systems and could play a critical role in drug discovery, drug development and toxicity testing in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan E Nichols
- Laboratory of Regenerative & Nano-Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555-0435, USA.
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