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Pons-Faudoa FP, Di Trani N, Capuani S, Hernandez N, Wood AM, Nehete B, Niles J, Shelton KA, Kezar S, Bushman LR, Chua CYX, Ittmann MM, Anderson PL, Nehete PN, Arduino RC, Nichols JE, Grattoni A. Changes in local tissue microenvironment in response to subcutaneous long-acting delivery of tenofovir alafenamide in rats and non-human primates. J Control Release 2023; 358:116-127. [PMID: 37120032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Several implantable long-acting (LA) delivery systems have been developed for sustained subcutaneous administration of tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), a potent and effective nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor used for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). LA platforms aim to address the lack of adherence to oral regimens, which has impaired PrEP efficacy. Despite extensive investigations in this field, tissue response to sustained subcutaneous TAF delivery remains to be elucidated as contrasting preclinical results have been reported in the literature. To this end, here we studied the local foreign body response (FBR) to sustained subdermal delivery of three forms of TAF, namely TAF free base (TAFfb), TAF fumarate salt (TAFfs), and TAFfb with urocanic acid (TAF-UA). Sustained constant drug release was achieved via titanium-silicon carbide nanofluidic implants previously shown to be bioinert. The analysis was conducted in both Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and rhesus macaques over 1.5 and 3 months, respectively. While visual observation did not reveal abnormal adverse tissue reaction at the implantation site, histopathology and Imaging Mass Cytometry (IMC) analyses exposed a local chronic inflammatory response to TAF. In rats, UA mitigated foreign body response to TAF in a concentration-dependent manner. This was not observed in macaques where TAFfb was better tolerated than TAFfs and TAF-UA. Notably, the level of FBR was tightly correlated with local TAF tissue concentration. Further, regardless of the degree of FBR, the fibrotic capsule (FC) surrounding the implants did not interfere with drug diffusion and systemic delivery, as evidenced by TAF PK results and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda P Pons-Faudoa
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nicola Di Trani
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Simone Capuani
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; University of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS), 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Nathanael Hernandez
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anthony M Wood
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bharti Nehete
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Michael E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX 78602, USA
| | - Jean Niles
- Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Kathryn A Shelton
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Michael E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX 78602, USA
| | - Sarah Kezar
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Michael E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX 78602, USA
| | - Lane R Bushman
- Deparment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado- Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Corrine Ying Xuan Chua
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael M Ittmann
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Peter L Anderson
- Deparment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado- Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Pramod N Nehete
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Michael E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX 78602, USA; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Roberto C Arduino
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joan E Nichols
- Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Alessandro Grattoni
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Tanida K, Takeuchi S, Miyagawa S, Ikeda M, Katada N, Nagai T, Lee R, Phuphaibul R, Niles J, Li Y, Su I, Lee P. Comparison of daytime sleepiness among early adolescents in six Asia Pacific regions. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.1048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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3
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Wright D, Measelle J, Fong M, Einstein S, Niles J, Mobasser A, Soulalay S, Nijssen-Jordan C. Malnutrition in Lao PDR: Does maternal health knowledge buffer the
negative effects of environmental risk factors on child stunting? Ann Glob Health 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2016.04.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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4
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Nichols JE, Niles J, Riddle M, Vargas G, Schilagard T, Ma L, Edward K, La Francesca S, Sakamoto J, Vega S, Ogadegbe M, Mlcak R, Deyo D, Woodson L, McQuitty C, Lick S, Beckles D, Melo E, Cortiella J. Production and assessment of decellularized pig and human lung scaffolds. Tissue Eng Part A 2013; 19:2045-62. [PMID: 23638920 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2012.0250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The authors have previously shown that acellular (AC) trachea-lung scaffolds can (1) be produced from natural rat lungs, (2) retain critical components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) such as collagen-1 and elastin, and (3) be used to produce lung tissue after recellularization with murine embryonic stem cells. The aim of this study was to produce large (porcine or human) AC lung scaffolds to determine the feasibility of producing scaffolds with potential clinical applicability. We report here the first attempt to produce AC pig or human trachea-lung scaffold. Using a combination of freezing and sodium dodecyl sulfate washes, pig trachea-lungs and human trachea-lungs were decellularized. Once decellularization was complete we evaluated the structural integrity of the AC lung scaffolds using bronchoscopy, multiphoton microscopy (MPM), assessment of the ECM utilizing immunocytochemistry and evaluation of mechanics through the use of pulmonary function tests (PFTs). Immunocytochemistry indicated that there was loss of collagen type IV and laminin in the AC lung scaffold, but retention of collagen-1, elastin, and fibronectin in some regions. MPM scoring was also used to examine the AC lung scaffold ECM structure and to evaluate the amount of collagen I in normal and AC lung. MPM was used to examine the physical arrangement of collagen-1 and elastin in the pleura, distal lung, lung borders, and trachea or bronchi. MPM and bronchoscopy of trachea and lung tissues showed that no cells or cell debris remained in the AC scaffolds. PFT measurements of the trachea-lungs showed no relevant differences in peak pressure, dynamic or static compliance, and a nonrestricted flow pattern in AC compared to normal lungs. Although there were changes in content of collagen I and elastin this did not affect the mechanics of lung function as evidenced by normal PFT values. When repopulated with a variety of stem or adult cells including human adult primary alveolar epithelial type II cells both pig and human AC scaffolds supported cell attachment and cell viability. Examination of scaffolds produced using a variety of detergents indicated that detergent choice influenced human immune response in terms of T cell activation and chemokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan E Nichols
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 66555-0435, USA.
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5
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Pendergraft W, Cortazar F, Wenger J, Murphy A, Laliberte K, Niles J. Maintenance therapy using rituximab-induced continuous B cell depletion for ANCA vasculitis. Presse Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2013.02.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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6
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Pendergraft W, Mcgrath M, Murphy A, Murphy P, Laliberte K, Niles J. Characterization of drug-induced ANCA vasculitis at Massachusetts's general hospital (MGH): 1989–2012. Presse Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2013.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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8
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Abstract
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) have been associated with a spectrum of vasculitis that includes granulomatous polyangiitis (formerly known as Wegener's granulomatosis), microscopic polyangiitis, the Churg-Strauss syndrome, primary pauciimmune necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis and related forms of vasculitis. In vitro, in vivo and clinical evidence support the conclusion that ANCA participate in the pathophysiology of this disease spectrum. Rituximab is a potent tool that can interrupt B cell-mediated immunity without major compromise of T cell-mediated immunity. Thus, it has great appeal as a tool to interrupt antibody-mediated autoimmune disease. The results of two prospective randomized trials confirm that rituximab can be effective as part of induction therapy for active ANCA-associated vasculitis. The safety profile for rituximab appears favourable relative to cyclophosphamide and steroids. However, there remain many patients who require individualized adjustments of ancillary therapy, as breakthrough disease, relapses and infectious complications do occur. Based on our current knowledge, rituximab should now be incorporated as part of induction therapy in many patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis. However, more work is needed to determine how rituximab may best be integrated into the overall immunosuppression of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Niles
- Massachusettes General Hospital, Boston, USA.
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9
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Cortiella J, Niles J, Cantu A, Brettler A, Pham A, Vargas G, Winston S, Wang J, Walls S, Nichols JE. Influence of acellular natural lung matrix on murine embryonic stem cell differentiation and tissue formation. Tissue Eng Part A 2011; 16:2565-80. [PMID: 20408765 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2009.0730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We report here the first attempt to produce and use whole acellular (AC) lung as a matrix to support development of engineered lung tissue from murine embryonic stem cells (mESCs). We compared the influence of AC lung, Gelfoam, Matrigel, and a collagen I hydrogel matrix on the mESC attachment, differentiation, and subsequent formation of complex tissue. We found that AC lung allowed for better retention of cells with more differentiation of mESCs into epithelial and endothelial lineages. In constructs produced on whole AC lung, we saw indications of organization of differentiating ESC into three-dimensional structures reminiscent of complex tissues. We also saw expression of thyroid transcription factor-1, an immature lung epithelial cell marker; pro-surfactant protein C, a type II pneumocyte marker; PECAM-1/CD31, an endothelial cell marker; cytokeratin 18; alpha-actin, a smooth muscle marker; CD140a or platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha; and Clara cell protein 10. There was also evidence of site-specific differentiation in the trachea with the formation of sheets of cytokeratin-positive cells and Clara cell protein 10-expressing Clara cells. Our findings support the utility of AC lung as a matrix for engineering lung tissue and highlight the critical role played by matrix or scaffold-associated cues in guiding ESC differentiation toward lung-specific lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquin Cortiella
- Department of Anesthesiology, Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.
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10
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Abstract
Bone marrow is the primary site of hematopoiesis in adult humans. Bone marrow can be cultured in vitro but few simple culture systems fully support hematopoiesis beyond a few months. Human bone marrow analogs are long-term in vitro cultures of marrow stromal and hematopoietic stem cells that can be used to produce cells and products normally harvested from human donors. Bone marrow analog systems should exhibit confluence of the stromal cell populations, persistence of hematopoietic progenitor cells, presence of active regions of hematopoiesis and capacity to produce mature cell types for extended periods of time. Although we are still years away from realizing clinical application of products formed by artificial bone marrow analogs, the process of transitioning this research tool from bench to bedside should be fairly straightforward. The most obvious application of artificial marrow would be for production of autologous hematopoietic CD34(+) stem cells as a stem cell therapy for individuals experiencing bone marrow failure due to disease or injury. Another logical application is for 'blood farming', a process for large-scale in vitro production of red blood cells, white blood cells or platelets, for transfusion or treatment. Other possibilities include production of nonhematopoietic stem cells such as osteogenic stromal cells, osteoblasts and rare pluripotent stem cells. Bone marrow analogs also have great potential as ex vivo human test systems and could play a critical role in drug discovery, drug development and toxicity testing in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan E Nichols
- Laboratory of Regenerative & Nano-Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555-0435, USA.
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11
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Svystonyuk S, Nitsch R, Wong H, Matthews J, Liu G, Niles J. Comparative Cost Analysis of Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy Versus Total Abdominal Hysterectomy. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2008.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Clottey C, Mo F, LeBrun B, Mickelson P, Niles J, Robbins G. The development of the National Diabetes Surveillance System (NDSS) in Canada. Chronic Dis Can 2001; 22:67-9. [PMID: 11525722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Clottey
- Diabetes Division, Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Population and Public Health Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario
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13
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Kelly PJ, Toker DE, Boyer P, McDonald CT, Niles J. Granulomatous compressive thoracic myelopathy as the initial manifestation of Wegener's granulomatosis. Neurology 1998; 51:1769-70. [PMID: 9855551 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.51.6.1769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P J Kelly
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114, USA
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14
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Kelly PJ, McDonald CT, Neill GO, Thomas C, Niles J, Rordorf G. Middle cerebral artery main stem thrombosis in two siblings with familial thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Neurology 1998; 50:1157-60. [PMID: 9566416 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.50.4.1157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is frequently complicated by microinfarcts in cerebral cortex and subcortical white matter. We describe two sisters who suffered massive hemispheric infarction due to thrombosis of the middle cerebral artery main stem during exacerbations of TTP. Acute TTP may be associated with intraluminal thrombosis of large-diameter arteries in addition to arterioles and capillaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Kelly
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114, USA
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15
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Abstract
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) of the immunoglobulin (Ig) G isotype are associated with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. These have been detected rarely in patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) and have only been previously reported once in a patient with IgA nephropathy (IgAN). In contrast, IgA-ANCAs have been detected in patients with HSP or IgAN, although further verification of this finding by various investigators has yielded conflicting results. We report a case of biopsy-proven IgAN in which the patient developed a rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and was determined to have ANCAs of both IgA and IgG isotypes. This report suggests an association between fulminant IgAN and ANCA-associated disease and that ANCAs may be underdetected in children with previously diagnosed IgAN. Identification of these antibodies may guide further management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Ramirez
- Division of Nephrology, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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16
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Christianson GJ, Brooks W, Vekasi S, Manolfi EA, Niles J, Roopenian SL, Roths JB, Rothlein R, Roopenian DC. Beta 2-microglobulin-deficient mice are protected from hypergammaglobulinemia and have defective antibody responses because of increased IgG catabolism. The Journal of Immunology 1997. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.159.10.4781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The goal of this study was to determine whether class I proteins play an important role in the regulation of Ig and to elucidate the mechanism(s) involved. We analyzed the phenotype imposed by a null allele of beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m). Serum Ig levels of several mouse strains showed a beta 2m dependence that was most evident in mice genetically predisposed to develop chronic systemic lupus erythematosus, was preferential to IgG isotypes, and was greatly exaggerated in aging mice that normally develop hypergammaglobulinemia. Beta 2m-deficient mice, regardless of genetic background, also displayed a substantial reduction of specific Ab in response to a prototypic T cell-dependent Ag and a prototypic T cell-independent 2 Ag. This reduction could be accounted for by a selective diminution of Abs of the IgG class. Therefore, class I proteins play a considerable role in the regulation of Ig. The beta 2m dependence could not be explained by class I-dependent immunoregulatory cells (CD8+ cells, NK1.1+ T cells, or conventional NK+ cells) or by the transfer of maternal IgG into the prenatal/neonatal mouse made possible by the beta 2m-dependent Fc receptor (FcRn). However, a beta 2m-dependent increase in the half-lives of IgG, presumably conferred by lifelong FcRn expression, was observed in all mice regardless of genetic background and age. We conclude that FcRn-mediated protection of IgG from catabolism is a generic mechanism that best explains the lifelong beta 2m dependence of Ig in both normal and pathologic situations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - W Brooks
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - S Vekasi
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - E A Manolfi
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - J Niles
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | | | - J B Roths
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - R Rothlein
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
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17
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Christianson GJ, Brooks W, Vekasi S, Manolfi EA, Niles J, Roopenian SL, Roths JB, Rothlein R, Roopenian DC. Beta 2-microglobulin-deficient mice are protected from hypergammaglobulinemia and have defective antibody responses because of increased IgG catabolism. J Immunol 1997; 159:4781-92. [PMID: 9366402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to determine whether class I proteins play an important role in the regulation of Ig and to elucidate the mechanism(s) involved. We analyzed the phenotype imposed by a null allele of beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m). Serum Ig levels of several mouse strains showed a beta 2m dependence that was most evident in mice genetically predisposed to develop chronic systemic lupus erythematosus, was preferential to IgG isotypes, and was greatly exaggerated in aging mice that normally develop hypergammaglobulinemia. Beta 2m-deficient mice, regardless of genetic background, also displayed a substantial reduction of specific Ab in response to a prototypic T cell-dependent Ag and a prototypic T cell-independent 2 Ag. This reduction could be accounted for by a selective diminution of Abs of the IgG class. Therefore, class I proteins play a considerable role in the regulation of Ig. The beta 2m dependence could not be explained by class I-dependent immunoregulatory cells (CD8+ cells, NK1.1+ T cells, or conventional NK+ cells) or by the transfer of maternal IgG into the prenatal/neonatal mouse made possible by the beta 2m-dependent Fc receptor (FcRn). However, a beta 2m-dependent increase in the half-lives of IgG, presumably conferred by lifelong FcRn expression, was observed in all mice regardless of genetic background and age. We conclude that FcRn-mediated protection of IgG from catabolism is a generic mechanism that best explains the lifelong beta 2m dependence of Ig in both normal and pathologic situations.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 2
- ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/immunology
- Aging/immunology
- Animals
- Antigens, T-Independent/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Disease Susceptibility
- Female
- Ficoll/analogs & derivatives
- Ficoll/immunology
- Half-Life
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/immunology
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/immunology
- Hypergammaglobulinemia/genetics
- Hypergammaglobulinemia/immunology
- IgG Deficiency/genetics
- IgG Deficiency/immunology
- Immunoglobulins/biosynthesis
- Immunoglobulins/blood
- Immunoglobulins/deficiency
- Interferon-gamma/physiology
- Interleukin-4/physiology
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology
- Maternal-Fetal Exchange/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C3H
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred MRL lpr
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, Inbred NZB
- Pregnancy
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/immunology
- Species Specificity
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- beta 2-Microglobulin/deficiency
- beta 2-Microglobulin/genetics
- beta 2-Microglobulin/immunology
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Butt JN, Niles J, Armstrong FA, Breton J, Thomson AJ. Formation and properties of a stable 'high-potential' copper-iron-sulphur cluster in a ferredoxin. Nat Struct Biol 1994; 1:427-33. [PMID: 7664060 DOI: 10.1038/nsb0794-427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A ferredoxin isolated from Desulfovibrio africanus contains a [3Fe-4S] cluster that reversibly binds a copper atom, yielding a stable product with a greatly increased reduction potential. The reaction is readily detected in protein molecules adsorbed as a film on an electrode surface. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectra of oxidized and reduced bulk solution products support their assignment as [Cu3Fe-4S]2+ (S = 1/2) and [Cu3Fe-4S]1+ (S = 2) respectively, with copper bound formally as Cu(I). Cyanide causes selective loss of copper and regeneration of the [3Fe-4S] reactant. The results demonstrate the chemical feasibility of CuFeS clusters and suggest that they could exist naturally in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Butt
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine 92717, USA
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19
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Pitman MB, Szyfelbein WM, Niles J, Fienberg R. Clinical utility of fine needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis. A report of two cases. Acta Cytol 1992; 36:222-9. [PMID: 1543006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In two patients, pulmonary lesions of Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) were sampled by fine needle aspiration biopsy: one with the clinical diagnosis of primary pulmonary malignancy and the other with a clinical suspicion of WG. In the latter case the smears showed distinctive eosinophilic, collagen necrosis (pathergic necrosis), poorly formed granulomata composed of loose aggregates of elongated, often palisading epithelioid histiocytes, and multinucleate histiocytes. A cell block preparation in this case contained minute tissue fragments illustrating the distinctive, pathergic-type necrosis. In the former case, many of these features were present, but additionally there were several groups, atypical bronchial epithelial cells that, in light of the clinical impression, initially led to an incorrect diagnosis of bronchoalveolar carcinoma. Subsequent review of this case led to the diagnosis of WG. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) serology was later obtained, confirming the diagnosis of WG in both cases. In our experience, the cytomorphologic findings of granular collagen necrosis, granulomata and multinucleate cells, although not specific, should alert the cytopathologist to consider the diagnosis of WG, especially when special stains for microorganisms are negative. A recommendation for ANCA serology testing early in the disease process, particularly in the limited forms of the disease, may lead to early recognition of WG, resulting in prompt institution of immunosuppressive therapy, greatly improving the patient's prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Pitman
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114
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20
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Msezane AZ, Armstrong-Mensah W, Niles J. Photoionization of Na: Resonance enhancement of the single-channel cross section. Phys Rev A 1990; 42:1286-1292. [PMID: 9904153 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.42.1286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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