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Bae SJ, Choi SH, Im DJ. 3D Cell Culture Method in Channel-Free Water-in-Oil Droplets. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301145. [PMID: 38239079 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
A new channel-free water-in-oil (WO) droplet 3D cell culture method is proposed to address the challenges while maintaining the advantages of the conventional 3D cell culture methods. The proposed WO method can fundamentally solve the constraint of spheroids size, a common challenge in conventional 3D culture, by using droplet size controllability. The 3D cell culture performance of the WO method is verified by comparing it with the conventional 3D cell culture methods. A systematic investigation of the culture conditions of the WO method confirms the working range of cell concentration and droplet size, as well as the scalability of spheroid size. Adjusting droplet size and cell concentration enables rapid spheroid formation with large and high cell concentration droplets or fast spheroid growth with small and low cell concentration droplets, providing control over the spheroid size and growth rate according to the purpose. Furthermore, long-term culture is demonstrated for 1 month with the proposed method, showing the largest spheroid culture and demonstrating the possibility that this method can be used not only for spheroid formation but also for organoid studies. Finally, if a WO-based automated 3D cell culture system is developed, it will be a useful tool for organoid research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Jun Bae
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, 45, Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, 48513, South Korea
| | - Seung Hui Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, 45, Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, 48513, South Korea
| | - Do Jin Im
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, 45, Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, 48513, South Korea
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2
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Bae SJ, Lee SJ, Im DJ. Simultaneous Separating, Splitting, Collecting, and Dispensing by Droplet Pinch-Off for Droplet Cell Culture. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2309062. [PMID: 38009759 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous separating, splitting, collecting, and dispensing a cell suspension droplet has been demonstrated by aspiration and subsequent droplet pinch-off for use in microfluidic droplet cell culture systems. This method is applied to cell manipulations including aliquots and concentrations of microalgal and mammalian cell suspensions. Especially, medium exchange of spheroid droplets is successfully demonstrated by collecting more than 99% of all culture medium without damaging the spheroids, demonstrating its potential for a 3D cell culture system. Through dimensional analysis and systematic parametric studies, it is found that initial mother droplet size together with aspiration flow rate determines three droplet pinch-off regimes. By observing contact angle changes during aspiration, the difference in the large and the small droplet pinch-off can be quantitatively explained using force balance. It is found that the capillary number plays a significant role in droplet pinch-off, but the Bond number and the Ohnesorge number have minor effects. Since the dispensed droplet size is mainly determined by the capillary number, the dispensed droplet size can be controlled simply by adjusting the aspiration flow rate. It is hoped that this method can contribute to various fields using droplets, such as droplet cell culture and digital microfluidics, beyond the generation of small droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Jun Bae
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, (48513) 45, Korea
| | - Seon Jun Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, (48513) 45, Korea
| | - Do Jin Im
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, (48513) 45, Korea
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3
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Oliveira BB, Fernandes AR, Baptista PV. Assessing the gene silencing potential of AuNP-based approaches on conventional 2D cell culture versus 3D tumor spheroid. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1320729. [PMID: 38410164 PMCID: PMC10894999 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1320729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture using tumor spheroids provides a crucial platform for replicating tissue microenvironments. However, effective gene modulation via nanoparticle-based transfection remains a challenge, often facing delivery hurdles. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with their tailored synthesis and biocompatibility, have shown promising results in two-dimensional (2D) cultures, nevertheless, they still require a comprehensive evaluation before they can reach its full potential on 3D models. While 2D cultures offer simplicity and affordability, they lack physiological fidelity. In contrast, 3D spheroids better capture in vivo conditions, enabling the study of cell interactions and nutrient distribution. These models are essential for investigating cancer behavior, drug responses, and developmental processes. Nevertheless, transitioning from 2D to 3D models demands an understanding of altered internalization mechanisms and microenvironmental influences. This study assessed ASO-AuNP conjugates for silencing the c-MYC oncogene in 2D cultures and 3D tumor spheroids, revealing distinctions in gene silencing efficiency and highlighting the microenvironment's impact on AuNP-mediated gene modulation. Herein, we demonstrate that increasing the number of AuNPs per cell by 2.6 times, when transitioning from a 2D cell model to a 3D spheroid, allows to attain similar silencing efficiencies. Such insights advance the development of targeted gene therapies within intricate tissue-like contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz B. Oliveira
- UCIBIO, Department Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- i4HB, Associate Laboratory—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Alexandra R. Fernandes
- UCIBIO, Department Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- i4HB, Associate Laboratory—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Pedro Viana Baptista
- UCIBIO, Department Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- i4HB, Associate Laboratory—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
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4
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Nikdouz A, Orso F. Emerging roles of 3D-culture systems in tackling tumor drug resistance. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2023; 6:788-804. [PMID: 38263982 PMCID: PMC10804388 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2023.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Drug resistance that affects patients universally is a major challenge in cancer therapy. The development of drug resistance in cancer cells is a multifactor event, and its process involves numerous mechanisms that allow these cells to evade the effect of treatments. As a result, the need to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer drug sensitivity is imperative. Traditional 2D cell culture systems have been utilized to study drug resistance, but they often fail to mimic the 3D milieu and the architecture of real tissues and cell-cell interactions. As a result of this, 3D cell culture systems are now considered a comprehensive model to study drug resistance in vitro. Cancer cells exhibit an in vivo behavior when grown in a three-dimensional environment and react to therapy more physiologically. In this review, we discuss the relevance of main 3D culture systems in the study of potential approaches to overcome drug resistance and in the identification of personalized drug targets with the aim of developing patient-specific treatment strategies that can be put in place when resistance emerges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Orso
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara 28100, Italy
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5
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Grilli F, Hassan EM, Variola F, Zou S. Harnessing graphene oxide nanocarriers for siRNA delivery in a 3D spheroid model of lung cancer. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:6635-6649. [PMID: 37609774 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00732d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy has been recently proposed as an effective strategy for cancer treatment. A significant body of literature proved the effectiveness of nanocarriers to deliver therapeutic agents to 2D tumour models, which are simple but not always representative of the in vivo reality. In this study, we analyze the efficiency of 3D spheroids combined with a minimally modified graphene oxide (GO)-based nanocarrier for siRNA delivery as a new system for cell transfection. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47; CD47_siRNA) was used as an anti-tumour therapeutic agent to silence the genes expressing CD47. This is a surface marker able to send a "don't eat me" signal to macrophages to prevent their phagocytosis. Also, we report the analysis of different GO formulations, in terms of size (small: about 100 nm; large: >650 nm) and functionalization (unmodified or modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and the dendrimer PAMAM), aiming to establish the efficiency of unmodified GO as a nanocarrier for the transfection of A549 lung cancer spheroids. Small modified GO (smGO) showed the highest transfection efficiency values (>90%) in 3D models. Interestingly, small unmodified GO (sGO) was found to be promising for transfection, with efficiency values >80% using a higher siRNA ratio (i.e., 3 : 1). These results demonstrated the higher efficiency of spheroids compared to 2D models for transfection, and the high potential of unmodified GO to carry siRNA, providing a promising new in vitro model system for the analysis of anticancer gene therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Grilli
- Metrology Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ottawa, 800 King Edward Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Eman M Hassan
- Metrology Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
| | - Fabio Variola
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ottawa, 800 King Edward Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Shan Zou
- Metrology Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
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Dienemann S, Schmidt V, Fleischhammer T, Mueller JH, Lavrentieva A. Comparative analysis of hypoxic response of human microvascular and umbilical vein endothelial cells in 2D and 3D cell culture systems. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1111-1120. [PMID: 36947660 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
In vitro cultivation conditions play a crucial role in cell physiology and the cellular response to external stimuli. Oxygen concentrations represent an essential microenvironmental factor influencing cell physiology and behaviour both in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, new approaches are urgently needed to monitor and control oxygen concentrations in 2D and 3D cultures, as well as cell reactions to these concentrations. In this work, we modified two types of human endothelial cells-human microvascular (huMECs) and umbilical vein endothelial cells (huVECs) with genetically encoded hypoxia biosensors and monitored cell reactions in 2D to different oxygen concentrations. Moreover, we fabricated 3D cell spheroids of different cell numbers and sizes to reveal the onset of hypoxia in huVECs and huMECs. We could demonstrate a quantitative sensor response of two cell types to reduced oxygen supply in 2D and reveal different thresholds for hypoxic response. In 3D cell spheroids we could estimate critical construct sizes for the appearance of a hypoxic core. This work for the first time directly demonstrates different hypoxic signatures for huVECs and huMECs in 2D and 3D cell culture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Dienemann
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Vanessa Schmidt
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tabea Fleischhammer
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia H Mueller
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Antonina Lavrentieva
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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7
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Pondman K, Le Gac S, Kishore U. Nanoparticle-induced immune response: Health risk versus treatment opportunity? Immunobiology 2023; 228:152317. [PMID: 36592542 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2022.152317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are not only employed in many biomedical applications in an engineered form, but also occur in our environment, in a more hazardous form. NPs interact with the immune system through various pathways and can lead to a myriad of different scenarios, ranging from their quiet removal from circulation by macrophages without any impact for the body, to systemic inflammatory effects and immuno-toxicity. In the latter case, the function of the immune system is affected by the presence of NPs. This review describes, how both the innate and adaptive immune system are involved in interactions with NPs, together with the models used to analyse these interactions. These models vary between simple 2D in vitro models, to in vivo animal models, and also include complex all human organ on chip models which are able to recapitulate more accurately the interaction in the in vivo situation. Thereafter, commonly encountered NPs in both the environment and in biomedical applications and their possible effects on the immune system are discussed in more detail. Not all effects of NPs on the immune system are detrimental; in the final section, we review several promising strategies in which the immune response towards NPs can be exploited to suit specific applications such as vaccination and cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Pondman
- Applied Microfluidics for BioEngineering Research, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology & TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands.
| | - Séverine Le Gac
- Applied Microfluidics for BioEngineering Research, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology & TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Uday Kishore
- Biosciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK; Department of Veterinary Medicine, U.A.E. University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Bessa MJ, Brandão F, Rosário F, Moreira L, Reis AT, Valdiglesias V, Laffon B, Fraga S, Teixeira JP. Assessing the in vitro toxicity of airborne (nano)particles to the human respiratory system: from basic to advanced models. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2023; 26:67-96. [PMID: 36692141 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2023.2166638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have been conducted to address the potential adverse health risks attributed to exposure to nanoscale materials. While in vivo studies are fundamental for identifying the relationship between dose and occurrence of adverse effects, in vitro model systems provide important information regarding the mechanism(s) of action at the molecular level. With a special focus on exposure to inhaled (nano)particulate material toxicity assessment, this review provides an overview of the available human respiratory models and exposure systems for in vitro testing, advantages, limitations, and existing investigations using models of different complexity. A brief overview of the human respiratory system, pathway and fate of inhaled (nano)particles is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Bessa
- Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Brandão
- Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Rosário
- Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Luciana Moreira
- Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Teresa Reis
- Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Valdiglesias
- Departamento de Biología, Universidade da Coruña, Grupo NanoToxGen, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía - CICA, A Coruña, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Blanca Laffon
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
- Departamento de Psicología, Universidade da Coruña, Grupo DICOMOSA, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía - CICA, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Sónia Fraga
- Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Teixeira
- Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
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Nikonorova VG, Chrishtop VV, Mironov VA, Prilepskii AY. Advantages and Potential Benefits of Using Organoids in Nanotoxicology. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040610. [PMID: 36831277 PMCID: PMC9954166 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Organoids are microtissues that recapitulate the complex structural organization and functions of tissues and organs. Nanoparticles have several specific properties that must be considered when replacing animal models with in vitro studies, such as the formation of a protein corona, accumulation, ability to overcome tissue barriers, and different severities of toxic effects in different cell types. An increase in the number of articles on toxicology research using organoid models is related to an increase in publications on organoids in general but is not related to toxicology-based publications. We demonstrate how the quantitative assessment of toxic changes in the structure of organoids and the state of their cell collections provide more valuable results for toxicological research and provide examples of research methods. The impact of the tested materials on organoids and their differences are also discussed. In conclusion, we highlight the main challenges, the solution of which will allow researchers to approach the replacement of in vivo research with in vitro research: biobanking and standardization of the structural characterization of organoids, and the development of effective screening imaging techniques for 3D organoid cell organization.
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Johnson PA, Menegatti S, Chambers AC, Alibhai D, Collard TJ, Williams AC, Bayley H, Perriman AW. A rapid high throughput bioprinted colorectal cancer spheroid platform for in vitrodrug- and radiation-response. Biofabrication 2022; 15:014103. [PMID: 36321254 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac999f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We describe the development of a high-throughput bioprinted colorectal cancer (CRC) spheroid platform with high levels of automation, information content, and low cell number requirement. This is achieved via the formulation of a hydrogel bioink with a compressive Young's modulus that is commensurate with that of colonic tissue (1-3 kPa), which supports exponential growth of spheroids from a wide range of CRC cell lines. The resulting spheroids display tight cell-cell junctions, bioink matrix-cell interactions and necrotic hypoxic cores. By combining high content light microscopy imaging and processing with rapid multiwell plate bioprinting, dose-response profiles are generated from CRC spheroids challenged with oxaliplatin (OX) and fluorouracil (5FU), as well as radiotherapy. Bioprinted CRC spheroids are shown to exhibit high levels of chemoresistance relative to cell monolayers, and OX was found to be significantly less effective against tumour spheroids than in monolayer culture, when compared to 5FU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Menegatti
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Adam C Chambers
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic Alibhai
- Wolfson Bioimaging Facility, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Tracey J Collard
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Ann C Williams
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Hagan Bayley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Adam W Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
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Musial C, Knap N, Zaucha R, Bastian P, Barone G, Lo Bosco G, Lo-Celso F, Konieczna L, Belka M, Bączek T, Gammazza AM, Kuban-Jankowska A, Cappello F, Nussberger S, Gorska-Ponikowska M. Induction of 2-hydroxycatecholestrogens O-methylation: A missing puzzle piece in diagnostics and treatment of lung cancer. Redox Biol 2022; 55:102395. [PMID: 35841627 PMCID: PMC9289866 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, causing nearly one million deaths each year. Herein, we present the effect of 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME), the endogenous metabolite of 17β-estradiol (E2), on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. We observed that 2-ME reduced the viability of lung adenocarcinoma in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) spheroidal A549 cell culture models. Molecular modeling was carried out aiming to visualize amino acid residues within binding pockets of the acyl-protein thioesterases, namely 1 (APT1) and 2 (APT2), and thus to identify which ones were more likely involved in the interaction with 2-ME. Our findings suggest that 2-ME acts as an APT1 inhibitor enhancing protein palmitoylation and oxidative stress phenomena in the lung cancer cell. In order to support our data, metabolomics of blood serum from NSCLC patients was also performed. Moreover, computational analysis suggests that 2-ME as compared to other estrogen metabolism intermediates is relatively safe in terms of its possible non-receptor bioactivity within healthy human cells due to a very low electrophilic potential and hence no substantial risk of spontaneous covalent modification of biologically protective nucleophiles. We propose that 2-ME can be used as a selective tumor biomarker in the course of certain types of lung cancers and possibly as a therapeutic adjuvant or neoadjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Musial
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Narcyz Knap
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Renata Zaucha
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-214, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Paulina Bastian
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Giampaolo Barone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giosuè Lo Bosco
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Palermo, 90133, Palermo, Italy; Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, 90139, Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Lo-Celso
- Department of Physics and Chemistry 'Emilio Segrè', University of Palermo, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Lucyna Konieczna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Mariusz Belka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Bączek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Antonella Marino Gammazza
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alicja Kuban-Jankowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Francesco Cappello
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, 90139, Palermo, Italy; Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Stephan Nussberger
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Magdalena Gorska-Ponikowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland; Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90128, Palermo, Italy; Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, 90139, Palermo, Italy; Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
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12
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Juarez-Moreno K, Chávez-García D, Hirata G, Vazquez-Duhalt R. Monolayer (2D) or spheroids (3D) cell cultures for nanotoxicological studies? Comparison of cytotoxicity and cell internalization of nanoparticles. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 85:105461. [PMID: 36049398 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) cell culture monolayers are commonly used for toxicological assessments of nanomaterials. Despite their facile handling, they exhibit several constraints due to their structural and complexity differences with three-dimensional (3D) in vitro cell models, such as spheroids. Here, we conducted a comparative nanotoxicological study of fibroblasts (L929) and melanoma (B16-F10) cells, grown in 2D and 3D arrangements. The cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, genotoxicity, cell morphology complexity, and uptake of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and folic acid-functionalized upconversion nanoparticles (FA-UCNPs) were compared in the two culture arrangements. AgNPs cytotoxicity was higher in spheroids than in monolayer cultures. Furthermore, apoptotic cell percentages and ROS production were higher in 3D than in 2D cell cultures. More importantly, 2D cultures required twice the concentration of AgNPs than the 3D cell models to reach a considerable DNA damage index (c.a. 200). Therefore, spheroids are more sensitive to the genotoxic effects of AgNPs. FA-UCNPs exerted negligible cell toxicity in 2D and 3D cell models. Moreover, AgNPs induced disaggregation and downsizing of spheroids in a facile and concentration-dependent manner. Internalization of FA-UCNPs in spheroids was 20% higher than in the 2D cell arrangements. Collectively, our findings, demonstrated that spheroids are a more sensitive model than monolayers for the assessment of nanoparticle biocompatibility and internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Juarez-Moreno
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México.
| | | | - Gustavo Hirata
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
| | - Rafael Vazquez-Duhalt
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
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13
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Prajapati KJ, Kothari CS. Isolation, Characterization, and Toxicity Study of Stress Degradation Products of Pranlukast Hydrate. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:1206-1219. [PMID: 35731702 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pranlukast hydrate (PRN), a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist (CysLT1), is used to treat bronchial asthma. The objective of this study is to perform the isolation, characterization, and toxicity analysis of stress degradation products of PRN. In high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the separation was achieved using a Phenomenex Gemini C18 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μ) column; the ammonium format buffer (50 mM), pH 4, with formic acid: acetonitrile (50:50, v/v) was used as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.25 mL/min; and the photodiode array detector was used for detection at 230 nm. The drug was subjected to stress degradation as per ICH Q1A (R2) and ICH Q1B guidelines. The drug was found to be labile in alkaline (62.48% degradation) and photolytic (liquid state) (7.67% degradation) conditions, whereas the drug was found to be stable in acidic, peroxide, photolytic (solid state), and thermal conditions. The characterization of the drug and its degradation products was achieved using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time of flight tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS), and the degradation mechanism was proposed. There were two degradation products observed in alkaline conditions (DP6 and DP9), whereas six novel degradation products were observed in photolytic degradation products (DP1, DP3, DP4, DP5, DP7, and DP10). The developed method was successfully validated as per the ICH Q2 (R1) guideline. The isolation of the alkaline degradation product DP9 was performed using preparative HPLC, and it was found to be 96.8% pure degradation product. The characterizations of the isolated degradation product (DP9) and procured impurity were performed using MS/MS, NMR, and FTIR. The mass of the procured impurity and DP9 were observed to be 404 and 500 Da, respectively. The in vitro cytotoxicity study of the procured impurity and DP9 was conducted using a 3-(4,5 dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay using an A549 cell line, and they were found to be cytotoxic at concentrations above 62.5 and 250 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, an in silico toxicity study was performed to predict the toxicity of all the major characterized degradation products of PRN using admetSAR software version 2.0. DP1, DP2, DP6, and DP10 were found to be hepatotoxic, mutagenic according to the micronucleus test, and aquatic toxic. We can conclude that the drug should be kept away from the direct exposure of light and the toxicity levels of DP1, DP2, DP6, and DP10 should be reduced below 0.1% to avoid their toxic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krunal J Prajapati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Post: Chandlodia, Via: Gota, Ahmedabad 382 481, Gujarat, India
| | - Charmy S Kothari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Post: Chandlodia, Via: Gota, Ahmedabad 382 481, Gujarat, India
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14
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Zippel S, Dilger N, Chatterjee C, Raic A, Brenner-Weiß G, Schadzek P, Rapp BE, Lee-Thedieck C. A parallelized, perfused 3D triculture model of leukemia for in vitro drug testing of chemotherapeutics. Biofabrication 2022; 14. [PMID: 35472717 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac6a7e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia patients undergo chemotherapy to combat the leukemic cells (LCs) in the bone marrow. During therapy not only the LCs, but also the blood-producing hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) may be destroyed. Chemotherapeutics targeting only the LCs are urgently needed to overcome this problem and minimize life-threatening side-effects. Predictive in vitro drug testing systems allowing simultaneous comparison of various experimental settings would enhance the efficiency of drug development. Here, we present a 3D human leukemic bone marrow model perfused using a magnetic, parallelized culture system to ensure media exchange. Chemotherapeutic treatment of the acute myeloid leukemia cell line KG-1a in 3D magnetic hydrogels seeded with mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) revealed a greater resistance of KG-1a compared to 2D culture. In 3D tricultures with HSPCs, MSCs and KG-1a, imitating leukemic bone marrow, HSPC proliferation decreased while KG-1a cells remained unaffected post treatment. Non-invasive metabolic profiling enabled continuous monitoring of the system. Our results highlight the importance of using biomimetic 3D platforms with proper media exchange and co-cultures for creating in vivo-like conditions to enable in vitro drug testing. This system is a step towards drug testing in biomimetic, parallelized in vitro approaches, facilitating the discovery of new anti-leukemic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Zippel
- Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz Universitat Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, Hannover, 30419, GERMANY
| | - Nadine Dilger
- Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz University Hanover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, Hannover, 30419, GERMANY
| | - Chandralekha Chatterjee
- Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz Universitat Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, Hannover, 30419, GERMANY
| | - Annamarija Raic
- Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz Universitat Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, Hannover, 30419, GERMANY
| | - Gerald Brenner-Weiß
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Baden-Württemberg, 76344, GERMANY
| | - Patrik Schadzek
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graded Implants and Regenerative Strategies, OE 8893, Laboratory for Biomechanics and Biomaterials, Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, Hannover, Niedersachsen, 30625, GERMANY
| | - Bastian E Rapp
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg, 79110, GERMANY
| | - Cornelia Lee-Thedieck
- Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz Universitat Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, Hannover, 30419, GERMANY
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15
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Li M, Gong J, Gao L, Zou T, Kang J, Xu H. Advanced human developmental toxicity and teratogenicity assessment using human organoid models. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 235:113429. [PMID: 35325609 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tremendous progress has been made in the field of toxicology leading to the advance of developmental toxicity assessment. Conventional animal models and in vitro two-dimensional models cannot accurately describe toxic effects and predict actual in vivo responses due to obvious inter-species differences between humans and animals, as well as the lack of a physiologically relevant tissue microenvironment. Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)- and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived three-dimensional organoids are ideal complex and multicellular organotypic models, which are indispensable in recapitulating morphogenesis, cellular interactions, and molecular processes of early human organ development. Recently, human organoids have been used for drug discovery, chemical toxicity and safety in vitro assessment. This review discusses the recent advances in the use of human organoid models, (i.e., brain, retinal, cardiac, liver, kidney, lung, and intestinal organoid models) for developmental toxicity and teratogenicity assessment of distinct tissues/organs following exposure to pharmaceutical compounds, heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, nanomaterials, and ambient air pollutants. Combining next-generation organoid models with innovative engineering technologies generates novel and powerful tools for developmental toxicity and teratogenicity assessment, and the rapid progress in this field is expected to continue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Li
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jing Gong
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Lixiong Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Ting Zou
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jiahui Kang
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China.
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16
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Ferraro R, Ascione F, Dogra P, Cristini V, Guido S, Caserta S. Diffusion‐induced anisotropic cancer invasion: a novel experimental method based on tumour spheroids. AIChE J 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosalia Ferraro
- Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale Naples Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies Naples Italy
| | - Flora Ascione
- Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale Naples Italy
| | - Prashant Dogra
- Mathematics in Medicine Program Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston Texas USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics Weill Cornell Medical College New York New York USA
| | - Vittorio Cristini
- Mathematics in Medicine Program Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston Texas USA
- Department of Imaging Physics University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas USA
- Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Weill Cornell Medicine New York New York USA
| | - Stefano Guido
- Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale Naples Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies Naples Italy
| | - Sergio Caserta
- Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale Naples Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies Naples Italy
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17
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De Simone U, Croce AC, Pignatti P, Buscaglia E, Caloni F, Coccini T. Three dimensional spheroid cell culture of human MSC‐derived neuron‐like cells: new in vitro model to assess magnetite nanoparticle‐induced neurotoxicity effects. J Appl Toxicol 2022; 42:1230-1252. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.4292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uliana De Simone
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre ‐ National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS Pavia Italy
| | - Anna Cleta Croce
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Italian National Research Council (CNR) Pavia Italy
- Department of Biology & Biotechnology University of Pavia Pavia Italy
| | - Patrizia Pignatti
- Allergy and Immunology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS Pavia Italy
| | - Eleonora Buscaglia
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre ‐ National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS Pavia Italy
| | - Francesca Caloni
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety Universitá degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
| | - Teresa Coccini
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre ‐ National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS Pavia Italy
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18
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Abou-Mrad Z, Bou Gharios J, Moubarak MM, Chalhoub A, Moussalem C, Bahmad HF, Abou-Kheir W. Central nervous system tumors and three-dimensional cell biology: Current and future perspectives in modeling. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1112-1126. [PMID: 34567429 PMCID: PMC8422930 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i8.1112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are a variety of distinct neoplasms that present multiple challenges in terms of treatment and prognosis. Glioblastoma, the most common primary tumor in adults, is associated with poor survival and remains one of the least treatable neoplasms. These tumors are highly heterogenous and complex in their nature. Due to this complexity, traditional cell culturing techniques and methods do not provide an ideal recapitulating model for the study of these tumors’ behavior in vivo. Two-dimensional models lack the spatial arrangement, the heterogeneity in cell types, and the microenvironment that play a large role in tumor cell behavior and response to treatment. Recently, scientists have turned towards three-dimensional culturing methods, namely spheroids and organoids, as they have been shown to recapitulate tumors in a more faithful manner to their in vivo counterparts. Moreover, tumor-on-a-chip systems have lately been employed in CNS tumor modeling and have shown great potential in both studying the pathophysiology and therapeutic testing. In this review, we will discuss the current available literature on in vitro three-dimensional culturing models in CNS tumors, in addition to presenting their advantages and current limitations. We will also elaborate on the future implications of these models and their benefit in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaki Abou-Mrad
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Jolie Bou Gharios
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Maya M Moubarak
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Ahmad Chalhoub
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Charbel Moussalem
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Hisham F Bahmad
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
- Arkadi M. Rywlin M.D. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, United States
| | - Wassim Abou-Kheir
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
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19
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Pedrosa P, Baptista PV, Fernandes AR, Guerra M. Benchtop X-ray fluorescence imaging as a tool to study gold nanoparticle penetration in 3D cancer spheroids. RSC Adv 2021; 11:26344-26353. [PMID: 35479447 PMCID: PMC9037313 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05446e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of nanomaterials to improve medical diagnostics and therapeutics has been rapidly increasing. Among these materials are gold nanoparticles, which can be functionalized to target specific cells, acting as nanovectors for drug delivery, enhanced contrast agents as well as other targeted therapies. Au nanoparticles are very useful as they selectively accumulate in tumour sites due to the enhanced permeability-retention effect. There is however little information about the spatial distribution of the nanoparticles within tumours, which might hinder efficient therapies. In this study, X-ray fluorescence was used to investigate the diffusion of gold nanoparticles in cancer cell spheroids mimicking true tumour growth. Functionalization of the nanoparticles has the effect of allowing better diffusion into and out of the spheroid, while those nanoparticles that are only partially covered rapidly formed aggregates. This clustering led to size exclusion during transport within the tumour, changing its distribution profile while greatly increasing the nanoparticle concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Pedrosa
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa 2892-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Pedro V Baptista
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa 2892-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Alexandra R Fernandes
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa 2892-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Mauro Guerra
- Laboratory of Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics (LIBPhys-UNL), Department of Physics, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
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20
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Dhamecha D, Le D, Chakravarty T, Perera K, Dutta A, Menon JU. Fabrication of PNIPAm-based thermoresponsive hydrogel microwell arrays for tumor spheroid formation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 125:112100. [PMID: 33965110 PMCID: PMC8110948 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Complex three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures are being increasingly implemented in biomedical research as they provide important insights into complex cancer biology, and cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in the tumor microenvironment. However, most methods used today for 3D cell culture are limited by high cost, the need for specialized skills, low throughput and the use of unnatural culture environments. We report the development of a unique biomimetic hydrogel microwell array platform for the generation and stress-free isolation of cancer spheroids. The poly N-isopropylacrylamide-based hydrogel microwell array (PHMA) has thermoresponsive properties allowing for the attachment and growth of cell aggregates/ spheroids at 37 °C, and their easy isolation at room temperature (RT). The reversible phase transition of the microwell arrays at 35 °C was confirmed visually and by differential scanning calorimetry. Swelling/ shrinking studies and EVOS imaging established that the microwell arrays are hydrophilic and swollen at temperatures <35 °C, while they shrink and are hydrophobic at temperatures >35 °C. Spheroid development within the PHMA was optimized for seeding density, incubation time and cell viability. Spheroids of A549, HeLa and MG-63 cancer cell lines, and human lung fibroblast (HLF) cell line generated within the PHMAs had relatively spherical morphology with hypoxic cores. Finally, using MG-63 cell spheroids as representative models, a proof-of-concept drug response study using doxorubicin hydrochloride was conducted. Overall, we demonstrate that the PHMAs are an innovative alternative to currently used 3D cell culture techniques, for the high-throughput generation of cell spheroids for disease modeling and drug screening applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Dhamecha
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Duong Le
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Tomali Chakravarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Kalindu Perera
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Arnob Dutta
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Jyothi U Menon
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
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21
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Nabi SU, Ali SI, Rather MA, Sheikh WM, Altaf M, Singh H, Mumtaz PT, Mishra NC, Nazir SU, Bashir SM. Organoids: A new approach in toxicity testing of nanotherapeutics. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 42:52-72. [PMID: 34060108 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has revolutionized diverse fields, which include agriculture, the consumer market, medicine, and other fields. Widespread use of nanotechnology-based products has led to increased prevalence of these novel formulations in the environment, which has raised concerns regarding their deleterious effects. The application of nanotechnology-based formulations into clinical use is hampered by the lack of the availability of effective in vitro systems, which could accurately assess their in vivo toxic effects. A plethora of studies has shown the hazardous effects of nanoparticle-based formulations in two-dimensional in vitro cell cultures and animal models. These have some associated disadvantages when used for the evaluation of nano-toxicity. Organoid technology fills the space between existing two-dimensional cell line culture and in vivo models. The uniqueness of organoids over other systems for evaluating toxicity caused by nano-drug formulation includes them being a co-culture of diverse cell types, dynamic flow within them that simulates the actual flow of nanoparticles within biological systems, extensive cell-cell, cell-matrix interactions, and a tissue-like morphology. Thus, it mimics the actual tissue microenvironment and, subsequently, provides an opportunity to study drug metabolism and toxico-dynamics of nanotechnology-based novel formulations. The use of organoids in the evaluation of nano-drug toxicity is in its infancy. A limited number of studies conducted so far have shown good predictive value and efficiently significant data correlation with the clinical trials. In this review, we attempt to introduce organoids of the liver, lungs, brain, kidney intestine, and potential applications to evaluate toxicity caused by nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Showkat Ul Nabi
- Large Animal Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ethics & Jurisprudence, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sofi Imtiyaz Ali
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Lab, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Muzafar Ahmad Rather
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Lab, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Wajid Mohammad Sheikh
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Lab, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mehvish Altaf
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science & Technology, Awantipora, Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Hemant Singh
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Peerzada Tajamul Mumtaz
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Lab, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Narayan Chandra Mishra
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Sheikh Uzma Nazir
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Lab, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Showkeen Muzamil Bashir
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Lab, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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22
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Saydé T, El Hamoui O, Alies B, Gaudin K, Lespes G, Battu S. Biomaterials for Three-Dimensional Cell Culture: From Applications in Oncology to Nanotechnology. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:481. [PMID: 33668665 PMCID: PMC7917665 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional cell culture has revolutionized cellular biology research and opened the door to novel discoveries in terms of cellular behavior and response to microenvironment stimuli. Different types of 3D culture exist today, including hydrogel scaffold-based models, which possess a complex structure mimicking the extracellular matrix. These hydrogels can be made of polymers (natural or synthetic) or low-molecular weight gelators that, via the supramolecular assembly of molecules, allow the production of a reproducible hydrogel with tunable mechanical properties. When cancer cells are grown in this type of hydrogel, they develop into multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS). Three-dimensional (3D) cancer culture combined with a complex microenvironment that consists of a platform to study tumor development and also to assess the toxicity of physico-chemical entities such as ions, molecules or particles. With the emergence of nanoparticles of different origins and natures, implementing a reproducible in vitro model that consists of a bio-indicator for nano-toxicity assays is inevitable. However, the maneuver process of such a bio-indicator requires the implementation of a repeatable system that undergoes an exhaustive follow-up. Hence, the biggest challenge in this matter is the reproducibility of the MCTS and the associated full-scale characterization of this system's components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Saydé
- EA3842-CAPTuR, GEIST, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Limoges, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, 87025 Limoges, France;
- ARNA, INSERM U1212, UMR CNRS 5320, Université de Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (O.E.H.); (B.A.); (K.G.)
| | - Omar El Hamoui
- ARNA, INSERM U1212, UMR CNRS 5320, Université de Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (O.E.H.); (B.A.); (K.G.)
- CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour (E2S/UPPA), 2 Avenue Pierre Angot, 64053 Pau, France
| | - Bruno Alies
- ARNA, INSERM U1212, UMR CNRS 5320, Université de Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (O.E.H.); (B.A.); (K.G.)
| | - Karen Gaudin
- ARNA, INSERM U1212, UMR CNRS 5320, Université de Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (O.E.H.); (B.A.); (K.G.)
| | - Gaëtane Lespes
- CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour (E2S/UPPA), 2 Avenue Pierre Angot, 64053 Pau, France
| | - Serge Battu
- EA3842-CAPTuR, GEIST, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Limoges, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, 87025 Limoges, France;
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23
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Daunys S, Janonienė A, Januškevičienė I, Paškevičiūtė M, Petrikaitė V. 3D Tumor Spheroid Models for In Vitro Therapeutic Screening of Nanoparticles. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1295:243-270. [PMID: 33543463 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-58174-9_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The anticancer activity of compounds and nanoparticles is most often determined in the cell monolayer. However, three-dimensional (3D) systems, such as tumor spheroids, are more representing the natural tumor microenvironment. They have been shown to have higher invasiveness and resistance to cytotoxic agents and radiotherapy compared to cells growing in 2D monolayer. Furthermore, to improve the prediction of clinical efficacy of drugs, in the past decades, even more sophisticated systems, such as multicellular 3D cultures, closely representing natural tumor microenvironment have been developed. Those cultures are formed from either cell lines or patient-derived tumor cells. Such models are very attractive and could improve the selection of tested materials for clinical trials avoiding unnecessary expensive tests in vivo. The microenvironment in tumor spheroids is different, and those differences or the interaction between several cell populations may contribute to different tumor response to the treatment. Also, different types of nanoparticles may have different behavior in 3D models, depending on their nature, physicochemical properties, the presence of targeting ligands on the surface, etc. Therefore, it is very important to understand in which cases which type of tumor spheroid is more suitable for testing specific types of nanoparticles, which conditions should be used, and which analytical method should be applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonas Daunys
- Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Agnė Janonienė
- Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Indrė Januškevičienė
- Laboratory of Drug Targets Histopathology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Miglė Paškevičiūtė
- Laboratory of Drug Targets Histopathology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Petrikaitė
- Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
- Laboratory of Drug Targets Histopathology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, Academy of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
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24
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Liu D, Chen S, Win Naing M. A review of manufacturing capabilities of cell spheroid generation technologies and future development. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 118:542-554. [PMID: 33146407 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Spheroid culture provides cells with a three-dimensional environment that can better mimic physiological conditions compared to monolayer culture. Technologies involved in the generation of cell spheroids are continuously being innovated to produce spheroids with enhanced properties. In this paper, we review the manufacturing capabilities of current cell spheroid generation technologies. We propose that spheroid generation technologies should enable tight and robust process controls to produce spheroids of consistent and repeatable quality. Future technology development for the generation of cell spheroids should look into improvement in process control, standardization, scalability and monitoring, in addition to advanced methods of spheroid transfer and characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sixun Chen
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - May Win Naing
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
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25
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Cao Y, Li S, Chen J. Modeling better in vitro models for the prediction of nanoparticle toxicity: a review. Toxicol Mech Methods 2020; 31:1-17. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2020.1828521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, P. R. China
| | - Jiamao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, P. R. China
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26
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Tofani LB, Abriata JP, Luiz MT, Marchetti JM, Swiech K. Establishment and characterization of an in vitro
3D
ovarian cancer model for drug screening assays. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 36:e3034. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa B. Tofani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto University of Sao Paulo Ribeirão Preto Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Juliana P. Abriata
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto University of Sao Paulo Ribeirão Preto Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Marcela T. Luiz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto University of Sao Paulo Ribeirão Preto Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Juliana M. Marchetti
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto University of Sao Paulo Ribeirão Preto Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Kamilla Swiech
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto University of Sao Paulo Ribeirão Preto Sao Paulo Brazil
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27
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Zhao Z, Vizetto-Duarte C, Moay ZK, Setyawati MI, Rakshit M, Kathawala MH, Ng KW. Composite Hydrogels in Three-Dimensional in vitro Models. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:611. [PMID: 32656197 PMCID: PMC7325910 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
3-dimensional (3D) in vitro models were developed in order to mimic the complexity of real organ/tissue in a dish. They offer new possibilities to model biological processes in more physiologically relevant ways which can be applied to a myriad of applications including drug development, toxicity screening and regenerative medicine. Hydrogels are the most relevant tissue-like matrices to support the development of 3D in vitro models since they are in many ways akin to the native extracellular matrix (ECM). For the purpose of further improving matrix relevance or to impart specific functionalities, composite hydrogels have attracted increasing attention. These could incorporate drugs to control cell fates, additional ECM elements to improve mechanical properties, biomolecules to improve biological activities or any combinations of the above. In this Review, recent developments in using composite hydrogels laden with cells as biomimetic tissue- or organ-like constructs, and as matrices for multi-cell type organoid cultures are highlighted. The latest composite hydrogel systems that contain nanomaterials, biological factors, and combinations of biopolymers (e.g., proteins and polysaccharide), such as Interpenetrating Networks (IPNs) and Soft Network Composites (SNCs) are also presented. While promising, challenges remain. These will be discussed in light of future perspectives toward encompassing diverse composite hydrogel platforms for an improved organ environment in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitong Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Catarina Vizetto-Duarte
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zi Kuang Moay
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Moumita Rakshit
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Kee Woei Ng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Environmental Chemistry & Materials Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
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28
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Toro-González M, Dame AN, Foster CM, Millet LJ, Woodward JD, Rojas JV, Mirzadeh S, Davern SM. Quantitative encapsulation and retention of 227Th and decay daughters in core-shell lanthanum phosphate nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:9744-9755. [PMID: 32324185 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01172j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) offers great promise for treating recalcitrant tumors and micrometastatic cancers. One drawback of TAT is the potential damage to normal tissues and organs due to the relocation of decay daughters from the treatment site. The present study evaluates La(227Th)PO4 core (C) and core +2 shells (C2S) nanoparticles (NPs) as a delivery platform of 227Th to minimize systemic distribution of decay daughters, 223Ra and 211Pb. In vitro retention of decay daughters within La(227Th)PO4 C NPs was influenced by the concentration of reagents used during synthesis, in which the leakage of 223Ra was between 0.4 ± 0.2% and 20.3 ± 1.1% in deionized water. Deposition of two nonradioactive LaPO4 shells onto La(227Th)PO4 C NPs increased the retention of decay daughters to >99.75%. The toxicity of the nonradioactive LaPO4 C and C2S NP delivery platforms was examined in a mammalian breast cancer cell line, BT-474. No significant decrease in cell viability was observed for a monolayer of BT-474 cells for NP concentrations below 233.9 μg mL-1, however cell viability decreased below 60% when BT-474 spheroids were incubated with either LaPO4 C or C2S NPs at concentrations exceeding 29.2 μg mL-1. La(227Th)PO4 C2S NPs exhibit a high encapsulation and in vitro retention of radionuclides with limited contribution to cellular cytotoxicity for TAT applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Toro-González
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, , Richmond 23284, USA. and Isotope and Fuel Cycle Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830, USA.
| | - A N Dame
- Isotope and Fuel Cycle Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830, USA.
| | - C M Foster
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830, USA
| | - L J Millet
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830, USA and Joint Research Activity, The Bredesen Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996, USA
| | - J D Woodward
- Isotope and Fuel Cycle Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830, USA.
| | - J V Rojas
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, , Richmond 23284, USA.
| | - S Mirzadeh
- Isotope and Fuel Cycle Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830, USA.
| | - S M Davern
- Isotope and Fuel Cycle Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830, USA.
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29
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Rodallec A, Franco C, Robert S, Sicard G, Giacometti S, Lacarelle B, Bouquet F, Savina A, Lacroix R, Dignat-George F, Ciccolini J, Poncelet P, Fanciullino R. Prototyping Trastuzumab Docetaxel Immunoliposomes with a New FCM-Based Method to Quantify Optimal Antibody Density on Nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4147. [PMID: 32139753 PMCID: PMC7057981 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60856-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing targeted nanoparticles is a rising strategy to improve drug delivery in oncology. Antibodies are the most commonly used targeting agents. However, determination of their optimal number at the surface remains a challenging issue, mainly due to the difficulties in measuring precisely surface coating levels when prototyping nanoparticles. We developed an original quantitative assay to measure the exact number of coated antibodies per nanoparticle. Using flow cytometry optimized for submicron particle analysis and beads covered with known amounts of human IgG-kappa mimicking various amounts of antibodies, this new method was tested as part of the prototyping of docetaxel liposomes coated with trastuzumab against Her2+ breast cancer. This quantification method allowed to discriminate various batches of immunoliposomes depending on their trastuzumab density on nanoparticle surface (i.e., 330 (Immunoliposome-1), 480 (Immunoliposome-2) and 690 (Immunoliposome-3), p = 0.004, One-way ANOVA). Here we showed that optimal number of grafted antibodies on nanoparticles should be finely tuned and highest density of targeting agent is not necessarily associated with highest efficacy. Overall, this new method should help to better prototype third generation nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rodallec
- SMARTc Unit, CRCM, Inserm UMR1068, CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - C Franco
- Biocytex, Marseille, France.,Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, C2VN UMR_S1263, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France
| | - S Robert
- C2VN, AMUTICYT Core facility, INSERM, INRA, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - G Sicard
- SMARTc Unit, CRCM, Inserm UMR1068, CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - S Giacometti
- SMARTc Unit, CRCM, Inserm UMR1068, CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - B Lacarelle
- SMARTc Unit, CRCM, Inserm UMR1068, CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - F Bouquet
- Institut Roche, Boulogne Billancourt, France
| | - A Savina
- Institut Roche, Boulogne Billancourt, France
| | - R Lacroix
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, C2VN UMR_S1263, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France.,Department of Hematology and Vascular Biology, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France
| | - F Dignat-George
- C2VN, AMUTICYT Core facility, INSERM, INRA, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, C2VN UMR_S1263, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France.,Department of Hematology and Vascular Biology, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France
| | - J Ciccolini
- SMARTc Unit, CRCM, Inserm UMR1068, CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | | | - R Fanciullino
- SMARTc Unit, CRCM, Inserm UMR1068, CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.
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30
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Lee JA, Yeo MK, Kim SS. Hydra protein reduces the toxicity of Ag–PVP nanoparticles in a 3D A549 cell line. Mol Cell Toxicol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-019-00061-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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31
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Mofazzal Jahromi MA, Abdoli A, Rahmanian M, Bardania H, Bayandori M, Moosavi Basri SM, Kalbasi A, Aref AR, Karimi M, Hamblin MR. Microfluidic Brain-on-a-Chip: Perspectives for Mimicking Neural System Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:8489-8512. [PMID: 31264092 PMCID: PMC6842047 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01653-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) include more than 600 types of nervous system disorders in humans that impact tens of millions of people worldwide. Estimates by the World Health Organization (WHO) suggest NDDs will increase by nearly 50% by 2030. Hence, development of advanced models for research on NDDs is needed to explore new therapeutic strategies and explore the pathogenesis of these disorders. Different approaches have been deployed in order to investigate nervous system disorders, including two-and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) cell cultures and animal models. However, these models have limitations, such as lacking cellular tension, fluid shear stress, and compression analysis; thus, studying the biochemical effects of therapeutic molecules on the biophysiological interactions of cells, tissues, and organs is problematic. The microfluidic "organ-on-a-chip" is an inexpensive and rapid analytical technology to create an effective tool for manipulation, monitoring, and assessment of cells, and investigating drug discovery, which enables the culture of various cells in a small amount of fluid (10-9 to 10-18 L). Thus, these chips have the ability to overcome the mentioned restrictions of 2D and 3D cell cultures, as well as animal models. Stem cells (SCs), particularly neural stem cells (NSCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have the capability to give rise to various neural system cells. Hence, microfluidic organ-on-a-chip and SCs can be used as potential research tools to study the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) disorders. Accordingly, in the present review, we discuss the latest progress in microfluidic brain-on-a-chip as a powerful and advanced technology that can be used in basic studies to investigate normal and abnormal functions of the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirza Ali Mofazzal Jahromi
- Department of Advanced Medical Sciences & Technologies, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
- Research Center for Noncommunicable Diseases, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Amir Abdoli
- Research Center for Noncommunicable Diseases, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
- Zoonoses Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rahmanian
- Research Center for Noncommunicable Diseases, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Hassan Bardania
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Bayandori
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Kalbasi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Department of Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Mahdi Karimi
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Research Center for Science and Technology in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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32
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Nagy A, Robbins NL. The hurdles of nanotoxicity in transplant nanomedicine. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:2749-2762. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicine has matured significantly in the past 20 years and a number of nanoformulated therapies are cleared by regulatory agencies for use across the globe. Transplant medicine is one area that has significantly benefited from the advancement of nanomedicine in recent times. However, while nanoparticle-based therapies have improved toxicological profiles of some drugs, there are still a number of aspects regarding the biocompatibility and toxicity of nanotherapies that require further research. The goal of this article is to review toxicological profiles of immunosuppressant therapies and their conversion into nanomedicine formulations as well as introduce future challenges associated with current in vitro and in vivo toxicological models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Nagy
- 59th Medical Wing, Office of Science & Technology, Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland, TX 78236, USA
| | - Nicholas L Robbins
- 59th Medical Wing, Office of Science & Technology, Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland, TX 78236, USA
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33
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Kirsch M, Birnstein L, Pepelanova I, Handke W, Rach J, Seltsam A, Scheper T, Lavrentieva A. Gelatin-Methacryloyl (GelMA) Formulated with Human Platelet Lysate Supports Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and Enhances the Hydrogel's Mechanical Properties. Bioengineering (Basel) 2019; 6:E76. [PMID: 31466260 PMCID: PMC6784140 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering6030076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture is a major focus of current research, since cultivation under physiological conditions provides more reliable information about in vivo cell behavior. 3D cell cultures are used in basic research to better understand intercellular and cell-matrix interactions. However, 3D cell culture plays an increasingly important role in the in vitro testing of bioactive substances and tissue engineering. Gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels of different degrees of functionalization (DoFs) are a versatile tool for 3D cell culture and related applications such as bioprinting. Human platelet lysate (hPL) has already demonstrated positive effects on 2D cell cultures of different cell types and has proven a valuable alternative to fetal calf serum (FCS). Traditionally, all hydrogels are formulated using buffers. In this study, we supplemented GelMA hydrogels of different DoF with hPL during adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell (AD-MSCs) encapsulation. We studied the effect of hPL supplementation on the spreading, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of AD-MSCs. In addition, the influence of hPL on hydrogel properties was also investigated. We demonstrate that the addition of hPL enhanced AD-MSC spreading, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, the addition of hPL also increased GelMA viscosity and stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marline Kirsch
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Luise Birnstein
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Iliyana Pepelanova
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Wiebke Handke
- German Red Cross Blood Service NSTOB, 31832 Springe, Germany
| | - Jessica Rach
- German Red Cross Blood Service NSTOB, 31832 Springe, Germany
| | - Axel Seltsam
- German Red Cross Blood Service NSTOB, 31832 Springe, Germany
| | - Thomas Scheper
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Antonina Lavrentieva
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
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34
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Phelan MA, Gianforcaro AL, Gerstenhaber JA, Lelkes PI. An Air Bubble-Isolating Rotating Wall Vessel Bioreactor for Improved Spheroid/Organoid Formation. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2019; 25:479-488. [PMID: 31328683 PMCID: PMC6686703 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2019.0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT The rotating wall vessel (RWV) bioreactor is a powerful tool for the generation of sizeable, faster-growing organoids. However, the ideal, low-shear, modeled microgravity environment in the RWV is frequently disrupted by the formation of bubbles, a critical but understated failure mode. To address this, we have designed and fabricated a novel, modified RWV bioreactor capable of continuously removing bubbles while providing optimal fluid dynamics. We validated the capacity of this device with computational and empirical studies. We anticipate that our novel bioreactor will be more consistent and easier to use and may fill a unique and unmet niche in the burgeoning field of organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Phelan
- Integrated Laboratory for Cellular Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Anthony L. Gianforcaro
- Integrated Laboratory for Cellular Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jonathan A. Gerstenhaber
- Integrated Laboratory for Cellular Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Peter I. Lelkes
- Integrated Laboratory for Cellular Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Souza W, Piperni SG, Laviola P, Rossi AL, Rossi MID, Archanjo BS, Leite PE, Fernandes MH, Rocha LA, Granjeiro JM, Ribeiro AR. The two faces of titanium dioxide nanoparticles bio-camouflage in 3D bone spheroids. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9309. [PMID: 31249337 PMCID: PMC6597791 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45797-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are widely used in dental implants and hip-prostheses due to their excellent biocompatibility. Growing evidence support that surface degradation due to corrosion and wear processes, contribute to implant failure, since the release of metallic ions and wear particles generate local tissue reactions (peri-implant inflammatory reactions). The generated ions and wear debris (particles at the micron and nanoscale) stay, in a first moment, at the interface implant-bone. However, depending on their size, they can enter blood circulation possibly contributing to systemic reactions and toxicities. Most of the nanotoxicological studies with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) use conventional two-dimensional cell culture monolayers to explore macrophage and monocyte activation, where limited information regarding bone cells is available. Recently three-dimensional models have been gaining prominence since they present a greater anatomical and physiological relevance. Taking this into consideration, in this work we developed a human osteoblast-like spheroid model, which closely mimics bone cell-cell interactions, providing a more realistic scenario for nanotoxicological studies. The treatment of spheroids with different concentrations of TiO2 NPs during 72 h did not change their viability significantly. Though, higher concentrations of TiO2 NPs influenced osteoblast cell cycle without interfering in their ability to differentiate and mineralize. For higher concentration of TiO2 NPs, collagen deposition and pro-inflammatory cytokine, chemokine and growth factor secretion (involved in osteolysis and bone homeostasis) increased. These results raise the possible use of this model in nanotoxicological studies of osseointegrated devices and demonstrate a possible therapeutic potential of this TiO2 NPs to prevent or reverse bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Souza
- Directory of Life Sciences Applied Metrology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Brazilian Branch of Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN), Bauru, Brazil
| | - S G Piperni
- Brazilian Branch of Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN), Bauru, Brazil
- Brazilian Center for Research in Physics, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - P Laviola
- Directory of Life Sciences Applied Metrology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Brazilian Branch of Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN), Bauru, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Biomedicine, University Grande Rio, Duque de Caxias, Brazil
| | - A L Rossi
- Brazilian Center for Research in Physics, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel D Rossi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bráulio S Archanjo
- Materials Metrology Division, National Institute of Metrology, Quality, and Technology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - P E Leite
- Directory of Life Sciences Applied Metrology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M H Fernandes
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - L A Rocha
- Brazilian Branch of Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN), Bauru, Brazil
- Physics Department, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J M Granjeiro
- Directory of Life Sciences Applied Metrology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Brazilian Branch of Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN), Bauru, Brazil
- Dental School, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - A R Ribeiro
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Brazilian Branch of Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN), Bauru, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Biomedicine, University Grande Rio, Duque de Caxias, Brazil.
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Kulkarni NS, Parvathaneni V, Shukla SK, Barasa L, Perron JC, Yoganathan S, Muth A, Gupta V. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor conjugated quantum dots for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 133:145-159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Fleddermann J, Susewind J, Peuschel H, Koch M, Tavernaro I, Kraegeloh A. Distribution of SiO 2 nanoparticles in 3D liver microtissues. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:1411-1431. [PMID: 30863069 PMCID: PMC6390853 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s189888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nanoparticles (NPs) are used in numerous products in technical fields and biomedicine; their potential adverse effects have to be considered in order to achieve safe applications. Besides their distribution in tissues, organs, and cellular localization, their impact and penetration during the process of tissue formation occurring in vivo during liver regeneration are critical steps for establishment of safe nanomaterials. Materials and methods In this study, 3D cell culture of human hepatocarcinoma cells (HepG2) was used to generate cellular spheroids, serving as in vitro liver microtissues. In order to determine their differential distribution and penetration depth in HepG2 spheroids, SiO2 NPs were applied either during or after spheroid formation. The NP penetration was comprehensively studied using confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Results Spheroids were exposed to 100 µg mL−1 SiO2 NPs either at the beginning of spheroid formation, or during or after formation of spheroids. Microscopy analyses revealed that NP penetration into the spheroid is limited. During and after spheroid formation, SiO2 NPs penetrated about 20 µm into the spheroids, corresponding to about three cell layers. In contrast, because of the addition of SiO2 NPs simultaneously to cell seeding, NP agglomerates were located also in the spheroid center. Application of SiO2 NPs during the process of spheroid formation had no impact on final spheroid size. Conclusion Understanding the distribution of NPs in tissues is essential for biomedical applications. The obtained results indicate that NPs show only limited penetration into already formed tissue, which is probably caused by the alteration of the tissue structure and cell packing density during the process of spheroid formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Fleddermann
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Saarbrücken, Germany,
| | | | - Henrike Peuschel
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Saarbrücken, Germany,
| | - Marcus Koch
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Saarbrücken, Germany,
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Lee H, Chae S, Kim JY, Han W, Kim J, Choi Y, Cho DW. Cell-printed 3D liver-on-a-chip possessing a liver microenvironment and biliary system. Biofabrication 2019; 11:025001. [PMID: 30566930 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aaf9fa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To overcome the drawbacks of in vitro liver testing during drug development, numerous liver-on-a-chip models have been developed. However, current liver-on-a-chip technologies are labor-intensive, lack extracellular matrix (ECM) essential for liver cells, and lack a biliary system essential for excreting bile acids, which contribute to intestinal digestion but are known to be toxic to hepatocytes. Therefore, fabrication methods for development of liver-on-a-chip models that overcome the above limitations are required. Cell-printing technology enables construction of complex 3D structures with multiple cell types and biomaterials. We used cell-printing to develop a 3D liver-on-a-chip with multiple cell types for co-culture of liver cells, liver decellularized ECM bioink for a 3D microenvironment, and vascular/biliary fluidic channels for creating vascular and biliary systems. A chip with a biliary fluidic channel induced better biliary system creation and liver-specific gene expression and functions compared to a chip without a biliary system. Further, the 3D liver-on-a-chip showed better functionalities than 2D or 3D cultures. The chip was evaluated using acetaminophen and it showed an effective drug response. In summary, our results demonstrate that the 3D liver-on-a-chip we developed is promising in vitro liver test platform for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungseok Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), San 31, Hyoja-dong, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyungbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea
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Tacrolimus inhibits angiogenesis and induces disaggregation of endothelial cells in spheroids - Toxicity testing in a 3D cell culture approach. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 53:10-19. [PMID: 30048735 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The administration of immunosuppressive drugs is a necessary therapeutic measure in organ transplantation to prevent rejections. However, the use of temporarily high dosed immunosuppressive drugs is associated with cytotoxicity and adverse side effects that could induce endothelial dysfunction. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of the administrated drugs tacrolimus and mycophenolic acid (MPA) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Whereas MPA showed no significant toxicity in a dose-dependent manner, a dose-response curve of tacrolimus treatment could be obtained in 2D monolayer. Due to limited cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions in 2D monolayers, 3D spheroids have been established. The comparison of IC50 values demonstrated that tacrolimus is more toxic towards endothelial cells in 3D spheroids (IC50 value = 27.19 μg/ml) than in 2D monolayers (IC50 value = 40.23 μg/ml). Moreover, the maximal trough level of tacrolimus achieved in immunosuppressive therapy (18 ng/ml) resulted in low disaggregation of the spheroids and decreased vessel areas with increased number of end points of tubular-like structures in the angiogenesis assay even if no toxic effect could be detected. Thus, our approach unseals very sensitive cytotoxic effects of tacrolimus on the vasculature in organ recipients after immunosuppressive therapy.
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Fröhlich E. Comparison of conventional and advanced in vitro models in the toxicity testing of nanoparticles. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 46:1091-1107. [PMID: 29956556 PMCID: PMC6214528 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1479709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Humans are exposed to a wide variety of nanoparticles (NPs) present in the environment, in consumer, health and medical products, and in food. Conventional cytotoxicity testing compared to animal testing is less expensive, faster and avoids ethical problems at the expense of a lower predictive value. New cellular models and exposure conditions have been developed to overcome the limitations of conventional cell culture and obtain more predictive data. The use of three-dimensional culture, co-culture and inclusion of mechanical stimulation can provide physiologically more relevant culture conditions. These systems are particularly relevant for oral, respiratory and intravenous exposure to NPs and it may be assumed that physiologically relevant application of the NPs can improve the predictive value of in vitro testing. Various groups have used advanced culture and exposure systems, but few direct comparisons between data from conventional cultures and from advanced systems exist. In silico models may present another option to predict human health risk by NPs without using animal studies. In the absence of validation, the question whether these alternative models provide more predictive data than conventional testing remains elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonore Fröhlich
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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41
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Novohradsky V, Zajac J, Vrana O, Kasparkova J, Brabec V. Simultaneous delivery of olaparib and carboplatin in PEGylated liposomes imparts this drug combination hypersensitivity and selectivity for breast tumor cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:28456-28473. [PMID: 29983873 PMCID: PMC6033346 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Combination regiments involving platinum anticancer drugs and agents with unrelated mechanisms of action are a subject of widespread interest. Here, we show that synergistic toxic action in cancer cells of combinations of antitumor platinum drug carboplatin and effective PARP inhibitor olaparib is considerably improved if these combined drugs are encapsulated into liposomes. Notably, the formation of such nano-formulations, called OLICARB, leads to a marked enhancement of activity in human cancer cell lines (including those resistant to conventional platinum antitumor drugs) and selectivity towards tumor cells. We used immunofluorescence analysis of γH2AX expression and examined DNA damage in cancerous cells treated with the investigated compounds. We find that the synergistic toxic effects in cancer cells of both drugs used in combination, nonencapsulated or embedded in the OLICARB nanoparticles, positively correlates with DNA damage. These results also suggest that the enhancement of the toxic effects of carboplatin by olaparib in cancer cells is a consequence of an accumulation of cytotoxic lesions in DNA due to the inhibition of repair of platinated DNA augmented by the synergistic action of olaparib as an effective PARP inhibitor. Our findings also reveal that the combination of olaparib with carboplatin encapsulated in the OLICARB nanoparticles is particularly effective to inhibit the growth of 3D mammospheres. Collectively, the data provide convincing evidence that the encapsulation of carboplatin and olaparib into liposomal constructs to form the OLICARB nanoparticles may represent the viable approach for the treatment of tumors with the aim to eliminate the possible effects of acquired resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtech Novohradsky
- Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Juraj Zajac
- Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Oldrich Vrana
- Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kasparkova
- Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic
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Itoh Y, Sasaki JI, Hashimoto M, Katata C, Hayashi M, Imazato S. Pulp Regeneration by 3-dimensional Dental Pulp Stem Cell Constructs. J Dent Res 2018; 97:1137-1143. [PMID: 29702010 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518772260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp regeneration therapy for the pulpless tooth has attracted recent attention, and clinical trial studies are underway with the tissue engineering approach. However, there remain many concerns, including the extended period for regenerating the dental pulp. In addition, the use of scaffolds increases the risk of inflammation and infection. To establish a basic technology for novel dental pulp regenerative therapy that allows transplant of pulp-like tissue, we attempted to fabricate scaffold-free 3-dimensional (3D) cell constructs composed of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Furthermore, we assessed viability of these 3D DPSC constructs for dental pulp regeneration through in vitro and in vivo studies. For the in vitro study, we obtained 3D DPSC constructs by shaping sheet-like aggregates of DPSCs with a thermoresponsive hydrogel. DPSCs within constructs remained viable even after prolonged culture; furthermore, 3D DPSC constructs possessed a self-organization ability necessary to serve as a transplant tissue. For the in vivo study, we filled the human tooth root canal with DPSC constructs and implanted it subcutaneously into immunodeficient mice. We found that pulp-like tissues with rich blood vessels were formed within the human root canal 6 wk after implantation. Histologic analyses revealed that transplanted DPSCs differentiated into odontoblast-like mineralizing cells at sites in contact with dentin; furthermore, human CD31-positive endothelial cells were found at the center of regenerated tissue. Thus, the self-organizing ability of 3D DPSC constructs was active within the pulpless root canal in vivo. In addition, blood vessel-rich pulp-like tissues can be formed with DPSCs without requiring scaffolds or growth factors. The technology established in this study allows us to prepare DPSC constructs with variable sizes and shapes; therefore, transplantation of DPSC constructs shows promise for regeneration of pulpal tissue in the pulpless tooth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Itoh
- 1 Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan.,2 Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - J I Sasaki
- 1 Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Hashimoto
- 3 Institute of Dental Research, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
| | - C Katata
- 1 Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan.,2 Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Hayashi
- 2 Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Imazato
- 1 Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
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3D cellular spheroids as tools for understanding carboxylated quantum dot behavior in tumors. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:914-923. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Muddineti OS, Kumari P, Ghosh B, Biswas S. Transferrin-Modified Vitamin-E/Lipid Based Polymeric Micelles for Improved Tumor Targeting and Anticancer Effect of Curcumin. Pharm Res 2018. [PMID: 29541866 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-018-2382-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Transferrin receptor (TfR) is up-regulated in various malignant tumors not only to meet the iron requirement, but also to increase the cell survival via participation in various cellular signaling pathways. Here we explored transferrin as ligand for Poly(ethylene Glycol) (PEG)-ylated vitamin-E/lipid (PE) core micelles (VPM). METHODS Transferrin modified polymer was synthesized and drug loaded micelles were evaluated in 2D Hela and HepG2 cancer cells for cellular uptake and cytotoxicity and in 3D Hela spheroids for growth inhibition, uptake and penetration studies. RESULTS Targeted (Tf-VPM) and non-targeted (VPM) micelles showed mean hydrodynamic diameter of 114.2 ± 0.64 nm and 117.4 ± 0.72 nm and zeta potential was -22.8 ± 0.62 and -14.8 ± 1.74 mV, respectively. Cellular uptake study indicated that the Tf-CVPM were taken up by cancer cells (Hela and HepG2) with higher efficiency. Enhanced cytotoxicity was demonstrated for Tf-VPM compared to CVPM. Marked spheroid growth inhibition following treatment with Tf-CVPM was observed compared to the treatment with non-targeted CVPM. CONCLUSIONS The developed transferrin-modified micelles have improved ability to solubilize the loaded drugs and could actively target solid tumors by its interaction with over-expressed transferrin receptors. Therefore, the nano-micelles could be further explored for its potential utilization in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omkara Swami Muddineti
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - Preeti Kumari
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - Swati Biswas
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India.
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Lu H, Stenzel MH. Multicellular Tumor Spheroids (MCTS) as a 3D In Vitro Evaluation Tool of Nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1702858. [PMID: 29450963 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201702858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Multicellular tumor spheroid models (MCTS) are often coined as 3D in vitro models that can mimic the microenvironment of tissues. MCTS have gained increasing interest in the nano-biotechnology field as they can provide easily accessible information on the performance of nanoparticles without using animal models. Considering that many countries have put restrictions on animals testing, which will only tighten in the future as seen by the recent developments in the Netherlands, 3D models will become an even more valuable tool. Here, an overview on MCTS is provided, focusing on their use in cancer research as most nanoparticles are tested in MCTS for treatment of primary tumors. Thereafter, various types of nanoparticles-from self-assembled block copolymers to inorganic nanoparticles, are discussed. A range of physicochemical parameters including the size, shape, surface chemistry, ligands attachment, stability, and stiffness are found to influence nanoparticles in MCTS. Some of these studies are complemented by animal studies confirming that lessons from MCTS can in part predict the behaviour in vivo. In summary, MCTS are suitable models to gain additional information on nanoparticles. While not being able to replace in vivo studies, they can bridge the gap between traditional 2D in vitro studies and in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Lu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Martina H Stenzel
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
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Muddineti OS, Vanaparthi A, Rompicharla SVK, Kumari P, Ghosh B, Biswas S. Cholesterol and vitamin E-conjugated PEGylated polymeric micelles for efficient delivery and enhanced anticancer activity of curcumin: evaluation in 2D monolayers and 3D spheroids. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 46:773-786. [PMID: 29426248 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1435551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A newly synthesized PEGylated cholesterol/α-tocopheryl succinate (α-TOS) linked polymer (CV) was self-assembled and loaded with curcumin to form a micellar system (C-CVM). The tri-functionalized amphiphilic polymer was constituted of hydrophobic cholesterol and α-TOS connected to hydrophilic PEG via a lysine linker. The synthesized polymer and the micelles were characterized by 1H NMR, DLS, zeta potentiometer, TEM, CMC determination and hemolysis studies. CVM displayed low CMC value of 15 µM with extent of hemolysis as less than 4%. The stable C-CVM with optimum % drug loading (14.2 ± 0.24) displayed Z average of 175.8 ± 0.68 nm with PDI (0.248 ± 0.075) and released curcumin in sustained manner in the in vitro drug release study. C-CVM demonstrated dose-dependent cellular uptake and cytotoxicity in murine melanoma, B16F10 and human breast cancer, MDA-MB-231 cell lines. CV exhibited marked reversal of drug resistance as indicated by significantly higher retention of P-glycoprotein substrate, rhodamine-123 in the resistant B16F10 cell line compared to standard P-glycoprotein inhibitor, verapamil. C-CVM demonstrated significantly higher spheroidal growth inhibition compared to C-PPM. The results provide strong evidence for CVM as promising drug delivery system and confirm the potential of C-CVM as chemotherapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omkara Swami Muddineti
- a Department of Pharmacy , Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus , Hyderabad , India
| | - Asmitha Vanaparthi
- a Department of Pharmacy , Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus , Hyderabad , India
| | | | - Preeti Kumari
- a Department of Pharmacy , Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus , Hyderabad , India
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- a Department of Pharmacy , Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus , Hyderabad , India
| | - Swati Biswas
- a Department of Pharmacy , Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus , Hyderabad , India
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Wolska-Pietkiewicz M, Tokarska K, Grala A, Wojewódzka A, Chwojnowska E, Grzonka J, Cywiński PJ, Kruczała K, Sojka Z, Chudy M, Lewiński J. Safe-by-Design Ligand-Coated ZnO Nanocrystals Engineered by an Organometallic Approach: Unique Physicochemical Properties and Low Toxicity toward Lung Cells. Chemistry 2018; 24:4033-4042. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Katarzyna Tokarska
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Agnieszka Grala
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Anna Wojewódzka
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Elżbieta Chwojnowska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Justyna Grzonka
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering; Warsaw University of Technology; Wołoska 141 02-507 Warsaw Poland
| | - Piotr J. Cywiński
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kruczała
- Faculty of Chemistry; Jagiellonian University; Gronostajowa 2 30-387 Cracow Poland
| | - Zbigniew Sojka
- Faculty of Chemistry; Jagiellonian University; Gronostajowa 2 30-387 Cracow Poland
| | - Michał Chudy
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Janusz Lewiński
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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48
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Crawford BM, Shammas RL, Fales AM, Brown DA, Hollenbeck ST, Vo-Dinh T, Devi GR. Photothermal ablation of inflammatory breast cancer tumor emboli using plasmonic gold nanostars. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:6259-6272. [PMID: 28894365 PMCID: PMC5584896 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s141164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is rare, but it is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer. IBC has a unique presentation of diffuse tumor cell clusters called tumor emboli in the dermis of the chest wall that block lymph vessels causing a painful, erythematous, and edematous breast. Lack of effective therapeutic treatments has caused mortality rates of this cancer to reach 20%–30% in case of women with stage III–IV disease. Plasmonic nanoparticles, via photothermal ablation, are emerging as lead candidates in next-generation cancer treatment for site-specific cell death. Plasmonic gold nanostars (GNS) have an extremely large two-photon luminescence cross-section that allows real-time imaging through multiphoton microscopy, as well as superior photothermal conversion efficiency with highly concentrated heating due to its tip-enhanced plasmonic effect. To effectively study the use of GNS as a clinically plausible treatment of IBC, accurate three-dimensional (3D) preclinical models are needed. Here, we demonstrate a unique in vitro preclinical model that mimics the tumor emboli structures assumed by IBC in vivo using IBC cell lines SUM149 and SUM190. Furthermore, we demonstrate that GNS are endocytosed into multiple cancer cell lines irrespective of receptor status or drug resistance and that these nanoparticles penetrate the tumor embolic core in 3D culture, allowing effective photothermal ablation of the IBC tumor emboli. These results not only provide an avenue for optimizing the diagnostic and therapeutic application of GNS in the treatment of IBC but also support the continuous development of 3D in vitro models for investigating the efficacy of photothermal therapy as well as to further evaluate photothermal therapy in an IBC in vivo model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget M Crawford
- Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Duke University.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University
| | | | - Andrew M Fales
- Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Duke University.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University
| | - David A Brown
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Duke University Medical Center
| | - Scott T Hollenbeck
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Duke University Medical Center
| | - Tuan Vo-Dinh
- Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Duke University.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University.,Department of Chemistry, Duke University
| | - Gayathri R Devi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences.,Duke Cancer Institute, Women's Cancer Program, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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49
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Jochums A, Friehs E, Sambale F, Lavrentieva A, Bahnemann D, Scheper T. Revelation of Different Nanoparticle-Uptake Behavior in Two Standard Cell Lines NIH/3T3 and A549 by Flow Cytometry and Time-Lapse Imaging. TOXICS 2017; 5:toxics5030015. [PMID: 29051447 PMCID: PMC5634699 DOI: 10.3390/toxics5030015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The uptake of nanomaterials into different cell types is a central pharmacological issue for the determination of nanotoxicity as well as for the development of drug delivery strategies. Most responses of the cells depend on their intracellular interactions with nanoparticles (NPs). Uptake behavior can be precisely investigated in vitro, with sensitive high throughput methods such as flow cytometry. In this study, we investigated two different standard cell lines, human lung carcinoma (A549) and mouse fibroblast (NIH/3T3) cells, regarding their uptake behavior of titanium dioxide NPs. Cells were incubated with different concentrations of TiO2 NPs and samples were taken at certain time points to compare the uptake kinetics of both cell lines. Samples were analyzed with the help of flow cytometry by studying changes in the side and forward scattering signal. To additionally enable a detection via fluorescence, NPs were labeled with the fluorescent dye fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and propidium iodide (PI). We found that NIH/3T3 cells take up the studied NPs more efficiently than A549 cells. These findings were supported by time-lapse microscopic imaging of the cells incubated with TiO2 NPs. Our results confirm that the uptake behavior of individual cell types has to be considered before interpreting any results of nanomaterial studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Jochums
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Elsa Friehs
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Franziska Sambale
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Antonina Lavrentieva
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Detlef Bahnemann
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
- Laboratory "Photoactive Nanocomposite Materials" (Director), Saint-Petersburg State University, 198504 Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Thomas Scheper
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
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50
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Multiple endpoints to evaluate pristine and remediated titanium dioxide nanoparticles genotoxicity in lung epithelial A549 cells. Toxicol Lett 2017; 276:48-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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