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Reverdy A, Hathaway D, Jha J, Michaels G, Sullivan J, McAdoo DD, Riquelme C, Chai Y, Godoy-Carter V. Insights into the diversity and survival strategies of soil bacterial isolates from the Atacama Desert. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1335989. [PMID: 38516016 PMCID: PMC10955380 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1335989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The Atacama Desert, the driest, with the highest radiation, and one of the most ancient deserts in the world, is a hostile environment for life. We have a collection of 74 unique bacterial isolates after cultivation and confirmation by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Pigmentation, biofilm formation, antimicrobial production against Escherichia coli MG1655 and Staphylococcus aureus HG003, and antibiotic resistance were assessed on these isolates. We found that approximately a third of the colonies produced pigments, 80% of isolates formed biofilms, many isolates produce growth inhibiting activities against E. coli and/or S. aureus, and many were resistant to antibiotics. The functional characterization of these isolates gives us insight into the adaptive bacterial strategies in harsh environments and enables us to learn about their possible use in agriculture, healthcare, or biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jessica Jha
- Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | | | - Daniela Diaz McAdoo
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Carlos Riquelme
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Yunrong Chai
- Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
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2
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Kütt ML, Orgusaar K, Stulova I, Priidik R, Pismennõi D, Vaikma H, Kallastu A, Zhogoleva A, Morell I, Kriščiunaite T. Starter culture growth dynamics and sensory properties of fermented oat drink. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15627. [PMID: 37180934 PMCID: PMC10173617 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, an oat drink, a plant-based alternative to dairy products, was developed by fermenting the oat base with different vegan starter cultures. The desired pH below 4.2 was achieved in 12 h, regardless of starter culture used. Metagenomic sequencing revealed that S. thermophilus was the dominating species, ranging from 38% to 99% of the total microbial consortia. At lower pH values, population of L. acidophilus, L. plantarum and L. paracasei continued to increase in fermented oat drinks. Lactic acid was produced between 1.6 and 2.8 g/L. The sensory panel showed that all fermented oat drinks had a sour odor and taste. The volatile compounds identified belonged to the ketone, alcohol, aldehyde, acids, and furan classes. The concentration of the most preferred volatile components, such as diacetyl and acetoin, increased during fermentation. However, sensory evaluation showed that all samples were associated with cereals and not dairy in terms of taste and odor. Rheological analysis showed the formation of weak gel-like structures in fermented oat drinks. Overall, fermentation improved flavor and texture of the product. This study provides a broad overview of the oat drink fermentation process from the perspectives of starter culture growth, microbial consortium dynamics, lactic acid bacteria metabolism, and sensory profile formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Liis Kütt
- Center of Food and Fermentation Technologies, Mäealuse 2/4, Tallinn, 12618, Estonia
| | - Kaisa Orgusaar
- Center of Food and Fermentation Technologies, Mäealuse 2/4, Tallinn, 12618, Estonia
| | - Irina Stulova
- Center of Food and Fermentation Technologies, Mäealuse 2/4, Tallinn, 12618, Estonia
| | - Reimo Priidik
- Center of Food and Fermentation Technologies, Mäealuse 2/4, Tallinn, 12618, Estonia
| | - Dmitri Pismennõi
- Center of Food and Fermentation Technologies, Mäealuse 2/4, Tallinn, 12618, Estonia
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Helen Vaikma
- Center of Food and Fermentation Technologies, Mäealuse 2/4, Tallinn, 12618, Estonia
- Department of Business Administration, School of Business and Governance, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 12616 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Aili Kallastu
- Center of Food and Fermentation Technologies, Mäealuse 2/4, Tallinn, 12618, Estonia
| | - Aleksandra Zhogoleva
- Center of Food and Fermentation Technologies, Mäealuse 2/4, Tallinn, 12618, Estonia
| | - Indrek Morell
- Center of Food and Fermentation Technologies, Mäealuse 2/4, Tallinn, 12618, Estonia
| | - Tiina Kriščiunaite
- Center of Food and Fermentation Technologies, Mäealuse 2/4, Tallinn, 12618, Estonia
- Corresponding author.
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Rubio-Santiago J, Hernández-Morales A, Rolón-Cárdenas GA, Arvizu-Gómez JL, Soria-Guerra RE, Carranza-Álvarez C, Rubio-Salazar JE, Rosales-Loredo S, Pacheco-Aguilar JR, Macías-Pérez JR, Aldaba-Muruato LR, Vázquez-Martínez J. Characterization of Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Typha latifolia and Their Effect in Plants Exposed to Either Pb or Cd. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:498. [PMID: 36771585 PMCID: PMC9920544 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant-associated bacteria in heavy-metal-contaminated environments could be a biotechnological tool to improve plant growth. The present work aimed to isolate lead- and cadmium-tolerant endophytic bacteria from the roots of Typha latifolia growing in a site contaminated with these heavy metals. Endophytic bacteria were characterized according to Pb and Cd tolerance, plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria activities, and their effect on T. latifolia seedlings exposed and non-exposed to Pb and Cd. Pb-tolerant isolates were identified as Pseudomonas azotoformans JEP3, P. fluorescens JEP8, and P. gessardii JEP33, while Cd-tolerant bacteria were identified as P. veronii JEC8, JEC9, and JEC11. They all exert biochemical activities, including indole acetic acid synthesis, siderophore production, and phosphate solubilization. Plant-bacteria interaction assays showed that P. azotoformans JEP3, P. fluorescens JEP8, P. gessardii JEP33, and P. veronii JEC8, JEC9, JEC11 promote the growth of T. latifolia seedlings by increasing the root and shoot length, while in plants exposed to either 5 mg/L of Pb or 10 mg/L of Cd, all bacterial isolates increased the shoot length and the number of roots per plant, suggesting that they are plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria that could contribute to T. latifolia adaptation to the heavy metal polluted site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Rubio-Santiago
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Hernández-Morales
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi 79060, Mexico
| | - Gisela Adelina Rolón-Cárdenas
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi 79060, Mexico
| | - Jackeline Lizzeta Arvizu-Gómez
- Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Centro Nayarita de Innovación y Transferencia de Tecnología (CENITT), Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic 63173, Mexico
| | - Ruth Elena Soria-Guerra
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
| | - Candy Carranza-Álvarez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi 79060, Mexico
| | | | - Stephanie Rosales-Loredo
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi 79060, Mexico
| | | | - José Roberto Macías-Pérez
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi 79060, Mexico
| | - Liseth Rubí Aldaba-Muruato
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi 79060, Mexico
| | - Juan Vázquez-Martínez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioquímica; Tecnológico Nacional de México Campus Irapuato, Guanajuato 36821, Mexico
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Barbé S, Figàs-Segura À, Benada M, Navarro-Herrero I, Sampaio TM, Biosca EG, Marco-Noales E. Plant-associated microbiota as a source of antagonistic bacteria against the phytopathogen Erwinia amylovora. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 14:559-569. [PMID: 35403335 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Control of bacterial plant diseases is a major concern, as they affect economically important species and spread easily, such as the case of fire blight of rosaceous caused by Erwinia amylovora. In the search for alternatives to the use of agrochemicals and antibiotics, this work presents a screening of natural bacterial antagonists of this relevant and devastating phytopathogen. We recovered bacterial isolates from different plant tissues and geographical origins and then selected those with the strongest ability to reduce fire blight symptoms ex vivo and remarkable in vitro antagonistic activity against E. amylovora. None of them elicited a hypersensitivity reaction in tobacco leaves, most produced several hydrolytic enzymes and presented other biocontrol and/or plant growth-promoting activities, such as siderophore production and phosphate solubilization. These isolates, considered as biocontrol candidates, were identified by 16S rRNA sequencing as Pseudomonas rhizosphaerae, Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens, Enterobacter cancerogenus, Pseudomonas azotoformans, Rosenbergiella epipactidis and Serratia plymuthica. This is the first time that the last five bacterial species are reported to have biocontrol potential against E. amylovora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Barbé
- Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), CV-315 km 10.7, 46113 Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Àngela Figàs-Segura
- Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universitat de València, C/Dr. Moliner, 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - M'hamed Benada
- Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), CV-315 km 10.7, 46113 Moncada, Valencia, Spain
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Earth and the Universe, 8 Mai 1945 University, Guelma, Algeria
| | - Inmaculada Navarro-Herrero
- Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), CV-315 km 10.7, 46113 Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Telma Maria Sampaio
- Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), CV-315 km 10.7, 46113 Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena G Biosca
- Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universitat de València, C/Dr. Moliner, 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ester Marco-Noales
- Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), CV-315 km 10.7, 46113 Moncada, Valencia, Spain
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Isolation and partial characterization of a novel bacteriocin from Pseudomonas azotoformans with antimicrobial activity against Pasterella multocida. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:112. [PMID: 34982208 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02639-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a bacteriocin PA996 isolated from Pseudomonas azotoformans (P. azotoformans) was purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulphate precipitation and SP-Sepharose column chromatography. P. azotoformans began to grow at 6 h, reached exponential phase at 12-18 h. Bacteriocin PA996 was produced at 18 h and reached a maximum level of 2400 AU/mL. The molecular mass of purified bacteriocin PA996 was estimated by SDS-PAGE and its molecular mass was approximately 50 kDa. By screening in vitro, the bacteriocin PA996 showed an antimicrobial activity against Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida). The bacteriocin PA996 showed antibacterial activity in the range of pH2-10 and it was heat labile. The inhibitory activities were diminished after treatment with proteinase K, trypsin and papain, respectively, while catalase treatment was ineffective. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and bactericidal kinetics curves showed that the bacteriocin PA996 had a good inhibitory ability against P. multocida. Our data indicate that bacteriocin PA996 could inhibit the growth of P. maltocida and it may have the potential to apply as an alternative therapeutic drug.
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Mokrani S, Nabti EH. Heavy metal resistance and bioremediation capacity of rhizospheric strain BioRPaz-3 Pseudomonas azotoformans endowed with antifungal activities and multi-abiotic stress tolerance in in vitro trials. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-03828-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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7
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The Diversity of Pseudomonas species from the Accumulation Zone of Kanchengayao Glacier, North Sikkim, India. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.13.1.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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8
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Baker JM, Vander Schaaf NA, Cunningham AMG, Hang AC, Reeves CL, Huffman ER, Riester CJ, Madigan MT, Sattley WM. Chemoorganotrophic Bacteria From Lake Fryxell, Antarctica, Including Pseudomonas Strain LFY10, a Cold-Adapted, Halotolerant Bacterium Useful in Teaching Labs. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:156. [PMID: 30787920 PMCID: PMC6372545 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lake Fryxell, situated in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, is an intriguing aquatic ecosystem because of its perennial ice cover, highly stratified water column, and extreme physicochemical conditions, which collectively restrict lake biodiversity to solely microbial forms. To expand our current understanding of the cultivable biodiversity of Lake Fryxell, water samples were collected from depths of 10 and 17 m, and pure cultures of eight diverse strains of aerobic, chemoorganotrophic bacteria were obtained. Despite having high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to mesophilic bacteria inhabiting various temperate environments, all Lake Fryxell isolates were psychrotolerant, with growth occurring at 0°C and optimal growth from 18–24°C for all isolates. Phylogenetic analyses showed the isolates to be members of six taxonomic groups, including the genera Brevundimonas, Arthrobacter, Sphingobium, Leifsonia, and Pseudomonas, as well as the family Microbacteriaceae (one strain could not reliably be assigned to a specific genus based on our analysis). Pseudomonas strain LFY10 stood out as a useful tool for teaching laboratory activities because of its substantial cold adaptation (visible growth is evident in 1–2 days at 4°C), beta-hemolytic activity, and halotolerance to 8.5% (w/v) NaCl. These cold-adapted bacteria likely play a role in carbon mineralization and other nutrient cycling in Lake Fryxell, and their characterization broadens our understanding of microbial biodiversity in aquatic polar ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Baker
- Division of Natural Sciences, Indiana Wesleyan University, Marion, IN, United States
| | | | - Anna M G Cunningham
- Division of Natural Sciences, Indiana Wesleyan University, Marion, IN, United States
| | - Anna C Hang
- Division of Natural Sciences, Indiana Wesleyan University, Marion, IN, United States
| | - Chelsea L Reeves
- Division of Natural Sciences, Indiana Wesleyan University, Marion, IN, United States
| | - Emily R Huffman
- Division of Natural Sciences, Indiana Wesleyan University, Marion, IN, United States
| | - Carli J Riester
- Division of Natural Sciences, Indiana Wesleyan University, Marion, IN, United States
| | - Michael T Madigan
- Department of Microbiology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, United States
| | - W Matthew Sattley
- Division of Natural Sciences, Indiana Wesleyan University, Marion, IN, United States
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He AL, Niu SQ, Zhao Q, Li YS, Gou JY, Gao HJ, Suo SZ, Zhang JL. Induced Salt Tolerance of Perennial Ryegrass by a Novel Bacterium Strain from the Rhizosphere of a Desert Shrub Haloxylon ammodendron. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020469. [PMID: 29401742 PMCID: PMC5855691 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought and soil salinity reduce agricultural output worldwide. Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can enhance plant growth and augment plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Haloxylon ammodendron, a C4 perennial succulent xerohalophyte shrub with excellent drought and salt tolerance, is naturally distributed in the desert area of northwest China. In our previous work, a bacterium strain numbered as M30-35 was isolated from the rhizosphere of H. ammodendron in Tengger desert, Gansu province, northwest China. In current work, the effects of M30-35 inoculation on salt tolerance of perennial ryegrass were evaluated and its genome was sequenced to identify genes associated with plant growth promotion. Results showed that M30-35 significantly enhanced growth and salt tolerance of perennial ryegrass by increasing shoot fresh and dry weights, chlorophyll content, root volume, root activity, leaf catalase activity, soluble sugar and proline contents that contributed to reduced osmotic potential, tissue K⁺ content and K⁺/Na⁺ ratio, while decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) content and relative electric conductivity (REC), especially under higher salinity. The genome of M30-35 contains 4421 protein encoding genes, 12 rRNA, 63 tRNA-encoding genes and four rRNA operons. M30-35 was initially classified as a new species in Pseudomonas and named as Pseudomonas sp. M30-35. Thirty-four genes showing homology to genes associated with PGPR traits and abiotic stress tolerance were identified in Pseudomonas sp. M30-35 genome, including 12 related to insoluble phosphorus solubilization, four to auxin biosynthesis, four to other process of growth promotion, seven to oxidative stress alleviation, four to salt and drought tolerance and three to cold and heat tolerance. Further study is needed to clarify the correlation between these genes from M30-35 and the salt stress alleviation of inoculated plants under salt stress. Overall, our research indicated that desert shrubs appear rich in PGPRs that can help important crops tolerate abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao-Lei He
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Shu-Qi Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Qi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Yong-Sheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Jing-Yi Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Hui-Juan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Sheng-Zhou Suo
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Jin-Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Colombi E, Straub C, Künzel S, Templeton MD, McCann HC, Rainey PB. Evolution of copper resistance in the kiwifruit pathogenPseudomonas syringaepv.actinidiaethrough acquisition of integrative conjugative elements and plasmids. Environ Microbiol 2017; 19:819-832. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Colombi
- New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study, Massey University; Auckland New Zealand
| | - Christina Straub
- New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study, Massey University; Auckland New Zealand
| | - Sven Künzel
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology; Plön Germany
| | - Matthew D. Templeton
- Plant and Food Research; Auckland New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
| | - Honour C. McCann
- New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study, Massey University; Auckland New Zealand
- South China Botanical Institute; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou China
| | - Paul B. Rainey
- New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study, Massey University; Auckland New Zealand
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology; Plön Germany
- Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris-Tech), PSL Research University; Paris France
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