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Zengin O, Onder ME, Alkan S, Kimyon G, Hüseynova N, Demir ZH, Kısacık B, Onat AM. Three cases of anti-TNF induced myositis and literature review. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE REUMATOLOGIA 2016; 57:590-595. [PMID: 29173693 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbre.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-tumor necrosis factor drugs are frequently preferred in the treatment of rheumatologic diseases and other inflammatory diseases. The development of myositis after using anti-tumor necrosis factor drugs is a rare clinical condition. Here we aimed to report cases who developed myositis after using anti-tumor necrosis factor drugs and review the current literature. We report two cases of rheumatoid arthritis and a case of ankylosing spondylitis developed idiopathic inflammatory myopathy following anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy. In conclusion, myositis could develop during anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy, so these patients should be evaluated carefully initially for myositis and should be closely monitored due to the potential for developing myositis in treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orhan Zengin
- Gaziantep University, School of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology, Gaziantep, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Erkut Onder
- Gaziantep University, School of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Samet Alkan
- Gaziantep University, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Gezmiş Kimyon
- Gaziantep University, School of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Nergis Hüseynova
- Gaziantep University, School of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Hanım Demir
- NYU School of Medicine, Center for Cognitive Neurology, New York, United States
| | - Bünyamin Kısacık
- Gaziantep University, School of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Mesut Onat
- Gaziantep University, School of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Zengin O, Onder ME, Alkan S, Kimyon G, Hüseynova N, Demir ZH, Kısacık B, Onat AM. Three cases of anti-TNF induced myositis and literature review. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE REUMATOLOGIA 2016; 57:S0482-5004(16)00043-7. [PMID: 27004932 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbr.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) drugs are frequently preferred in the treatment of rheumatologic diseases and other inflammatory diseases. The development of myositis after using anti-TNF is a rare clinical condition. Here we aimed to report cases who developed myositis after using anti-TNF and review the current literature. We report two cases of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and a case of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) developed idiopathic inflammatory myopathy following anti-TNF therapy. In conclusion, myositis could develop during anti-TNF therapy, so these patients should be evaluated carefully initially for myositis and should be closely monitored due to the potential for developing myositis in treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orhan Zengin
- Departamento de Reumatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turquia.
| | - Mustafa Erkut Onder
- Departamento de Reumatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turquia
| | - Samet Alkan
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Faculdade de Medicina, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turquia
| | - Gezmiş Kimyon
- Departamento de Reumatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turquia
| | - Nergis Hüseynova
- Departamento de Reumatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turquia
| | - Zeynep Hanım Demir
- Centro de Neurologia Cognitiva, NYU School of Medicine, Nova York, Estados Unidos
| | - Bünyamin Kısacık
- Departamento de Reumatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turquia
| | - Ahmet Mesut Onat
- Departamento de Reumatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turquia
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Fasano S, Alves SC, Isenberg DA. Current pharmacological treatment of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2016; 9:547-558. [PMID: 26708717 DOI: 10.1586/17512433.2016.1136561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The idiopathic inflammatory myopathies are uncommon and heterogeneous disorders. Their classification is based on distinct clinicopathologic features. Although idiopathic inflammatory myopathies share some similarities, different subtypes may have variable responses to therapy, so it is very important to distinguish the correct subtype. There are few randomised, double blind placebo controlled studies to support the current treatment. High dose corticosteroids continue to be the first-line therapy and other immunosupressive drugs are used in refractory cases, as well as steroid-sparing agents. Some novel therapeutic approaches have emerged as potential treatment including tacrolimus, intravenous immunoglobulin and rituximab, following good outcomes reported in case studies. However, more randomised controlled trials are needed. This review considers the current and the potential future therapies for inflammatory myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Fasano
- a Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , Second University of Naples , Naples , Italy
| | - Sara Custódio Alves
- b Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine , Hospital de Cascais , Cascais , Portugal
| | - David A Isenberg
- c Centre for Rheumatology, Department of Medicine , University College London , London , UK
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Haq SA, Tournadre A. Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: from immunopathogenesis to new therapeutic targets. Int J Rheum Dis 2015; 18:818-25. [PMID: 26385431 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenesis of idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM) involves strong interactions between dendritic cells (DCs), activated Th1 and Th17 cells, B cells, muscle cells, genes and environment. Local maturation of DCs permit the activation and polarization of CD4+ T cells into T(H)1 and T(H)17 that play a key role in maintaining chronic muscle inflammation. T-cell mediated myocytotoxicity promotes the liberation of specific muscle autoantigens from regenerating muscle cells with production of myositis-specific autoantibodies. Type I interferon signature is a key characteristic of IIM. Type I IFN that can be induced by immune complexes containing myositis-specific autoantibodies is produced by scattered plasmacytoid DCs but also by muscle cells particularly regenerating muscle cells. These immature muscle precursors appear to be critical in the pathogenesis of IIM as they up-regulate muscle autoantigens, type I IFN, HLA class I antigens and TLR3-7, all together involved in maintaining chronic muscle inflammation. In addition to the role of immune and muscle cells, genome-wide association studies have confirmed the importance of several MHC and non-MHC genes in IIM. Environmental factors can contribute to the pathogenesis of IIM. In sIBM, distinct features suggest both degenerative and inflammatory processes. In addition to our better understanding of the pathogenesis, identify molecular pathway leads to consider new targeted therapies including cytokine inhibition, B-cell and T-cell costimulation blockade, type I IFN neutralization or inhibition of the ubiquitin proteasome pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed A Haq
- BSM Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Anne Tournadre
- Rheumatology department CHU Clermont-Ferrand and UMR 1019 INRA/ University of Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Chen S, Nakamoto T, Kawazoe N, Chen G. Engineering multi-layered skeletal muscle tissue by using 3D microgrooved collagen scaffolds. Biomaterials 2015; 73:23-31. [PMID: 26398306 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Preparation of three-dimensional (3D) micropatterned porous scaffolds remains a great challenge for engineering of highly organized tissues such as skeletal muscle tissue and cardiac tissue. Two-dimensional (2D) micropatterned surfaces with periodic features (several nanometers to less than 100 μm) are commonly used to guide the alignment of muscle myoblasts and myotubes and lead to formation of pre-patterned cell sheets. However, cell sheets from 2D patterned surfaces have limited thickness, and harvesting the cell sheets for implantation is inconvenient and can lead to less alignment of myotubes. 3D micropatterned scaffolds can promote cell alignment and muscle tissue formation. In this study, we developed a novel type of 3D porous collagen scaffolds with concave microgrooves that mimic muscle basement membrane to engineer skeletal muscle tissue. Highly aligned and multi-layered muscle bundle tissues were engineered by controlling the size of microgrooves and cell seeding concentration. Myoblasts in the engineered muscle tissue were well-aligned and had high expression of myosin heavy chain and synthesis of muscle extracellular matrix. The microgrooved collagen scaffolds could be used to engineer organized multi-layered muscle tissue for implantation to repair/restore the function of diseased tissues or be used to investigate the cell-cell interaction in 3D microscale topography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangwu Chen
- Tissue Regeneration Materials Unit, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Tomoko Nakamoto
- Tissue Regeneration Materials Unit, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Naoki Kawazoe
- Tissue Regeneration Materials Unit, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Guoping Chen
- Tissue Regeneration Materials Unit, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.
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6
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Nahas O, Haddad F, Maalouly G. ["Mechanic's hands" during antisynthetase syndrome: a marker of systemic involvement?]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2015; 142:189-92. [PMID: 25620556 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antisynthetase syndrome is characterized by the presence of interstitial lung disease, inflammatory myopathy, joint disease, Raynaud's phenomenon and characteristic skin lesions of the hands known as "mechanic's hands" associated with the presence of serum antibody to aminoacyl transfer-RNA synthetases. We report the case of a patient in whom cutaneous relapse consistently preceded CT evidence of pulmonary fibrosis flare-up. PATIENT AND METHODS A 56-year-old patient consulted for recent exertional dyspnoea and dry cough. Clinical examination showed the skin of the tips and edges of the fingers to be thickened, hyperkeratotic and fissured. High-resolution computed tomography thoracic scans revealed interstitial lung lesions affecting both lower lobes. Lab tests showed elevated serum creatine kinase and positivity for anti-Jo-1 antibodies. Response to treatment with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide was marked by an improvement in symptoms and regression of radiological anomalies together with disappearance of cutaneous signs. Nine months later, after changeover from cyclophosphamide to mycophenolate mofetil, cutaneous relapse and flare of interstitial lung disease were observed. A second course of cyclophosphamide followed by azathioprine resulted in regression of the cutaneous and pulmonary lesions. CONCLUSION Mechanic's hands may be considered a marker of visceral involvement and should be sought in any instance of suspected antisynthetase syndrome flare-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Nahas
- Service de médecine interne, Hôtel-Dieu de France, Achrafieh, rue Adib Ishac, Beyrouth, Liban.
| | - F Haddad
- Service de médecine interne, Hôtel-Dieu de France, Achrafieh, rue Adib Ishac, Beyrouth, Liban
| | - G Maalouly
- Service de médecine interne, Hôtel-Dieu de France, Achrafieh, rue Adib Ishac, Beyrouth, Liban
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Kim J, Choi JY, Park SH, Yang SH, Park JA, Shin K, Lee EY, Kawachi H, Kohsaka H, Song YW. Therapeutic effect of anti-C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) antibody on C protein-induced myositis mouse. Arthritis Res Ther 2014; 16:R126. [PMID: 24939012 PMCID: PMC4095607 DOI: 10.1186/ar4583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) is a chemokine that plays a critical role in the infiltration of T cells in autoimmune diseases and is reported to be expressed in muscle tissue of polymyositis. To determine the therapeutic efficacy of CXCL10 blockade, we investigated the role of CXCL10 and the effect of anti-CXCL10 antibody treatment in C protein-induced myositis (CIM), an animal model of polymyositis. METHODS CIM was induced with human skeletal muscle C protein fragment in female C57BL/6 mice. Immunohistochemistry of CXCL10 and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) and measurement of serum CXCL10 were performed. Cell surface markers and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in CIM lymph node cells was investigated by flow cytometry. Mice with CIM were treated with anti-CXCL10 antibody or control antibody (anti-RVG1) and the inflammation in muscle tissue was assessed. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry showed increased expression of CXCL10 and CXCR3 in the inflammatory lesions of muscle in CIM. Especially, CD8+ T cells invading myofiber expressed CXCR3. Serum level of CXCL10 was increased in CIM compared to the level in normal mice (normal mouse, 14.3 ± 5.3 pg/ml vs. CIM, 368.5 ± 135.6 pg/ml, P < 0.001). CXCR3 positivity in CD8+ T cells was increased compared to that of CD4+ T cells in the lymph node cells of CIM (CXCR3+ among CD8+ T cell, 65.9 ± 2.1% vs. CXCR3+ among CD4+ T cell, 23.5 ± 4.7%, P <0.001). Moreover, IFN-γ+ cells were increased among CXCR3+CD8+ T cells compared to CXCR3-CD8+ T cells (CXCR3+CD8+ T cell, 28.0 ± 4.2% vs. CXCR3-CD8+ T cell, 9.5 ± 1.5%, P = 0.016). Migration of lymph node cells was increased in response to CXCL10 (chemotactic index was 1.91 ± 0.45). CIM mice treated with anti-CXCL10 antibody showed a lower inflammation score in muscles than those with anti-RVG1 (median, anti-CXCL10 treatment group, 0.625 vs. anti-RVG1 treatment group, 1.25, P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS CXCL10/CXCR3 expression was increased in the inflammation of CIM model and its blockade suppressed inflammation in muscle.
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Vitamin D receptor agonists: suitable candidates as novel therapeutic options in autoimmune inflammatory myopathy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:949730. [PMID: 24895631 PMCID: PMC4033351 DOI: 10.1155/2014/949730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The primary aim in the treatment of autoimmune inflammatory myopathies (IMs) is to recover muscle function. The presence of immune/inflammatory cell infiltrates within muscle tissues represents the common feature of different IM subtypes, albeit a correlation between muscular damage extent and inflammation degree is often lacking. Treatments for IMs are based on life-long immunosuppressive therapy, with the well known adverse effects; recovery is incomplete for many patients. More effective therapies, with reduced side-effects, are highly desirable. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) agonists emerge to retain pleiotropic anti-inflammatory properties, since they regulate innate and adaptive immunity by switching the immune response from proinflammatory T helper 1 (Th1) type to tolerogenic T helper 2 (Th2) type dominance. In skeletal muscle cells less hypercalcemic VDR ligands target powerful mediators of inflammation, such as TNFα and TNFα driven paths, without affecting immune or muscle cells viability, retaining the potentiality to counteract Th1 driven overreactivity established by the self-enhancing inflammatory loop between immune and skeletal muscle cells. This review summarizes those features of VDR agonists as candidates in future treatment of IM.
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Niknami M, Wang MX, Nguyen T, Pollard JD. Beneficial effect of a multimerized immunoglobulin Fc in an animal model of inflammatory neuropathy (experimental autoimmune neuritis). J Peripher Nerv Syst 2014; 18:141-52. [PMID: 23781961 DOI: 10.1111/jns5.12022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is one of the first-line therapies for inflammatory neuropathies. Clinical use of IVIg for these disorders is limited by expense and availability. Here, we investigated a synthetic product alternative to IVIg. The aim of this study was to test the therapeutic efficacy of a novel recombinant polyvalent murine IgG2a Fc compound (stradomer™) in experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN). Seventy-four Lewis rats were immunized with myelin, randomized into three groups, and were treated with albumin, IVIg, or stradomer at 1% of IVIg dose. Rats were assessed clinically, electrophysiologically, and histologically. The clinical disease severity was evaluated by clinical grading and weight changes. The electrophysiological studies recorded motor conduction velocity (MCV), amplitudes, and latencies of the evoked compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and spinal somatosensory evoked potential. The treatment efficacy of the IVIg and stradomer groups was compared to the albumin (control) group. We demonstrate that stradomer has a similar therapeutic efficacy to human IVIg in EAN. Rats receiving stradomer or IVIg showed significantly lower clinical scores and less prominent weight loss compared with controls. A statistically significant improvement in both MCV and the amplitudes of distal and proximal evoked CMAP was observed in the stradomer and IVIg groups. Finally, treatment with both IVIg and stradomer resulted in statistically less inflammation and demyelinating changes in the sciatic nerve as evidenced by lower histological grade. These results reveal the potential of using fully recombinant multimerized immunoglobulin Fc instead of IVIg for treating inflammatory neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Niknami
- Department of Neurology, Central Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Di Luigi L, Sottili M, Antinozzi C, Vannelli GB, Romanelli F, Riccieri V, Valesini G, Lenzi A, Crescioli C. The vitamin D receptor agonist BXL-01-0029 as a potential new pharmacological tool for the treatment of inflammatory myopathies. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77745. [PMID: 24204948 PMCID: PMC3813757 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate in vitro the effect of the VDR agonist BXL-01-0029 onto IFNγ/TNFα-induced CXCL10 secretion by human skeletal muscle cells compared to elocalcitol (VDR agonist), methylprednisolone, methotrexate, cyclosporin A, infliximab and leflunomide; to assess in vivo circulating CXCL10 level in subjects at time of diagnosis with IMs, before therapy, together with TNFα, IFNγ, IL-8, IL-6, MCP-1, MIP-1β and IL-10, vs. healthy subjects. METHODS Human fetal skeletal muscle cells were used for in vitro studies; ELISA and Bio-Plex were used to measure cell supernatant and IC50 determination or serum cytokines; Western blot and Bio-Plex were for cell signaling analysis. RESULTS BXL-01-0029 decreased with the highest potency IFNγ/TNFα-induced CXCL10 protein secretion and targeted cell signaling downstream of TNFα in human skeletal muscle cells; CXCL10 level was the highest in sera of subjects diagnosed with IMs before therapy and the only one significantly different vs. healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Our in vitro and in vivo data, while confirm the relevance of CXCL10 in IMs, suggested BXL-01-0029 as a novel pharmacological tool for IM treatment, hypothetically to be used in combination with the current immunosuppressants to minimize side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Di Luigi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela Sottili
- Excellence Center for Research, Transfer and High Education De Novo Therapies (DENOthe), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Cristina Antinozzi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Romanelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Riccieri
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Specialities, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Valesini
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Specialities, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Clara Crescioli
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Rome, Italy
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Lazarou IN, Guerne PA. Classification, diagnosis, and management of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. J Rheumatol 2013; 40:550-64. [PMID: 23504386 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.120682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The detection and characterization of a large array of autoantibodies, including at least 8 different antisynthetase, anti-SRP, -200/100 (HMGCR), -Mi-2, -CADM-140 (MDA5), -SAE, -p155, -MJ (NXP-2), and -PMS1, frequently associated with distinct and well-defined clinicopathological features, allowed for significant improvement in the definition and diagnosis of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). Classification remains difficult, with lingering divergence between the different specialties involved in IIM care, but several categories clearly stand out, including dermatomyositis (DM), overlap myositis (OM), polymyositis, necrotizing myositis, and sporadic inclusion body myositis (s-IBM). Biopsy and histological analysis remain crucial, particularly in the absence of autoantibodies, to accurately specify the diagnosis and rule out mimics such as muscular dystrophies and metabolic myopathies. Numerous infectious agents (in particular human immunodeficiency virus and human T cell lymphotrophic virus-1) and drugs (statins, tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, and proton pump inhibitors) can cause mimic IIM that must also be excluded. Pharmacological treatment, in addition to glucocorticoids and immunoglobulins, now includes mycophenolate mofetil and rituximab, which proved helpful in resistant cases, particularly rituximab in DM and OM. Exercise, initially seen as potentially deleterious, recently was shown to be efficacious and safe. IIM can thus be reasonably well controlled in most cases, although aggressive disease remains refractory to treatment, including some cases of necrotizing myopathy. Sporadic IBM still seems resistant to all medications tested to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias N Lazarou
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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12
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Frikha F, Saidi N, Snoussi M, Ben Salah R, Ben Ayed M, Daoud E, Hentati Y, Makni S, Mnif Z, Boudawara T, Masmoudi H, Bahloul Z. [Antisynthetase syndrome: a report of four cases and literature review]. REVUE DE PNEUMOLOGIE CLINIQUE 2012; 68:351-360. [PMID: 23062471 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneumo.2012.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The antisynthetase syndrome (ASS) includes inflammatory myopathy (polymyositis or dermatomyositis), interstitial lung disease (ILD), arthritis, Raynaud's phenomenon, and mechanic's hands, associated with antibodies against aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetases, the most well-recognized being the anti-Jo1 antibody (anti-histidyl-tRNAsynthetase). We report four cases of antisynthetase syndrome and review the clinical characteristics and prognosis factors dominated by ILD. We report the cases of four women with a mean age of 42 years (28-62 years). The interstitial lung disease was found in four cases and was objectified by CT-scan in all cases. The pulmonary symptoms were consisted of dyspnea (one case) and respiratory distress (one case). The anti-Jo1 antibodies were present in the four patients. The myopathy was concomitant with pulmonary involvement (two cases), preceded it in 6 months (one case) and in the course of evolution and after 1 month (one case). All patients received corticosteroid treatment. The immunosuppressive treatment was necessary for two patients because of the severity of the pulmonary involvement. The outcome was favorable in two patients, partially favorable in a patient who presented pulmonary fibrosis. However, one patient died after developing brain abscesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Frikha
- Service de médecine interne, CHU Hédi-Chaker, 3029 Sfax, Tunisie.
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Le syndrome des antisynthétases : étude rétrospective à propos d’une série de 14 patients. Rev Med Interne 2012; 33:76-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2011.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Revised: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Crescioli C, Sottili M, Bonini P, Cosmi L, Chiarugi P, Romagnani P, Vannelli GB, Colletti M, Isidori AM, Serio M, Lenzi A, Di Luigi L. Inflammatory response in human skeletal muscle cells: CXCL10 as a potential therapeutic target. Eur J Cell Biol 2011; 91:139-49. [PMID: 22176919 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2011.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Revised: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory myopathies (IMs) are systemic diseases characterized by a T helper (Th) 1 type inflammatory response and cell infiltrates within skeletal muscles. The mainstay of treatment is drugs aimed at suppressing the immune system - corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. About 25% of patients are non-responders. Skeletal muscle cells seem actively involved in the immune-inflammatory response and not only a target; understanding the molecular bases of IMs might help drug development strategies. Within muscles the interaction between the chemokine interferon (IFN)γ inducible 10 kDa protein, CXCL10 or IP-10, and its specific receptor CXCR3, present on Th1 type infiltrating cells, likely plays a pivotal role, potentially offering the opportunity for therapeutic intervention. We aimed to clarify the involvement of human skeletal muscle cells in inflammatory processes in terms of CXCL10 secretion, to elucidate the engaged molecular mechanism(s) and, finally, to evaluate muscular cell responses, if any, to some immunosuppressants routinely used in IM treatment, such as methylprednisolone, methotrexate, cyclosporin A and Infliximab. We first isolated and characterized human fetal skeletal muscle cells (Hfsmc), which expressed the specific lineage markers and showed the competence to react in the context of an in vitro alloresponse. CXCL10 protein secretion by Hfsmc was similarly induced by the inflammatory cytokines interferon (IFN)γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, above undetectable control levels, through the activation of Stat1 and NF-kB pathways, respectively; CXCL10 secretion was significantly magnified by cytokine combination, and this synergy was associated to a significant up-regulation of TNFαRII; cytokine-induced CXCL10 secretion was considerably affected only by Infliximab. Our data suggested that human skeletal muscle cells might actively self-promote muscular inflammation by eliciting CXCL10 secretion, which is known to amplify Th1 cell tissue infiltration in vivo. In conclusion, we sustain that pharmacological targeting of CXCL10 within muscular cells might contribute to keep in control pro-Th1 polarization of the immune/inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Crescioli
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, 00135 Rome, Italy.
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Gheita TA, Gheita HA, Kenawy SA. Rituximab restored the muscle power and rescued from a refractory fatal respiratory failure in a patient with elderly-onset polymyositis. Joint Bone Spine 2011; 79:101-2. [PMID: 21840235 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2011.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Andres M, Courtney P. No hepatitis B reactivation in a patient with refractory antisynthetase syndrome successfully treated with rituximab. Joint Bone Spine 2011; 78:653-4. [PMID: 21807545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2011.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Brandão M, Marinho A. Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: definition and management of refractory disease. Autoimmun Rev 2011; 10:720-4. [PMID: 21664497 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2011.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Adult idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, commonly referred to as myositis, are a heterogeneous group of diseases with an autoimmune etiology. In this review, the authors are going to focus on myositis excluding inclusion body myositis. They will review the prognostic factors (for mortality and response to steroids), define refractory disease, introduce a new concept (presumed refractory disease), analyze definitions of active disease, damage and improvement criteria, and summarize therapeutic alternatives for refractory patients, based on different disease phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Brandão
- Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Hospital de Santo António, Department of Medicine, Unidade de Imunologia Clínica, Largo do Professor Abel Salazar, Porto, Portugal.
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