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Baccaro AL, Seki CC, Nishimura FG, Cordon LD, Carvalho LA, Gutz IG. Effectiveness of metal–EDTA-polluted water treatment and metal recovery at drop-casted films of TiO2 under UV-LED irradiation: a photoelectrochemical study. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2023.100804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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2
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Bastug Azer B, Gulsaran A, Pennings JR, Saritas R, Kocer S, Bennett JL, Devdas Abhang Y, Pope MA, Abdel-Rahman E, Yavuz M. A Review: TiO2 based photoelectrocatalytic chemical oxygen demand sensors and their usage in industrial applications. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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3
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Pichler CM, Bhattacharjee S, Rahaman M, Uekert T, Reisner E. Conversion of Polyethylene Waste into Gaseous Hydrocarbons via Integrated Tandem Chemical-Photo/Electrocatalytic Processes. ACS Catal 2021; 11:9159-9167. [PMID: 34386271 PMCID: PMC8353629 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
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The chemical inertness
of polyethylene makes chemical recycling
challenging and motivates the development of new catalytic innovations
to mitigate polymer waste. Current chemical recycling methods yield
a complex mixture of liquid products, which is challenging to utilize
in subsequent processes. Here, we present an oxidative depolymerization
step utilizing diluted nitric acid to convert polyethylene into organic
acids (40% organic acid yield), which can be coupled to a photo- or
electrocatalytic decarboxylation reaction to produce hydrocarbons
(individual hydrocarbon yields of 3 and 20%, respectively) with H2 and CO2 as gaseous byproducts. The integrated
tandem process allows for the direct conversion of polyethylene into
gaseous hydrocarbon products with an overall hydrocarbon yield of
1.0% for the oxidative/photocatalytic route and 7.6% for the oxidative/electrolytic
route. The product selectivity is tunable with photocatalysis using
TiO2 or carbon nitride, yielding alkanes (ethane and propane),
whereas electrocatalysis on carbon electrodes produces alkenes (ethylene
and propylene). This two-step recycling process of plastics can use
sunlight or renewable electricity to convert polyethylene into valuable,
easily separable, gaseous platform chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian M. Pichler
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Subhajit Bhattacharjee
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Motiar Rahaman
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Taylor Uekert
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
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4
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Ye Y, Bruning H, Liu W, Rijnaarts H, Yntema D. Effect of dissolved natural organic matter on the photocatalytic micropollutant removal performance of TiO2 nanotube array. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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5
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Characteristics and mechanism of uranium photocatalytic removal enhanced by chelating hole scavenger citric acid in a TiO2 suspension system. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-018-6237-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Photoelectrocatalytic performance of nanostructured p-n junction NtTiO2/NsCuO electrode in the selective conversion of CO2 to methanol at low bias potentials. J CO2 UTIL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Meaningful comparison of photocatalytic properties of {001} and {101} faceted anatase TiO 2 nanocrystals. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-016-1109-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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8
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Sun X, Xing J, Qiu J. Preparation and photocatalytic activity of nonmetal Co-doped titanium dioxide photocatalyst. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024416060303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Hu C, Kelm D, Schreiner M, Wollborn T, Mädler L, Teoh WY. Designing Photoelectrodes for Photocatalytic Fuel Cells and Elucidating the Effects of Organic Substrates. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:4005-4015. [PMID: 26564312 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic fuel cells (PFCs) are constructed from anodized photoanodes with the aim of effectively converting organic materials into solar electricity. The syntheses of the photoanodes (TiO2 , WO3 , and Nb2 O5 ) were optimized using the statistical 2(k) factorial design. A systematic study was carried out to catalog the influence of eleven types of organic substrate on the photocurrent responses of the photoanodes, showing dependence on the adsorption of the organic substrates and on the associated photocatalytic degradation mechanisms. Strong adsorbates, such as carboxylic acids, generated high photocurrent enhancements. Simple and short-chained molecules, such as formic acid and methanol, are the most efficient in the corresponding carboxylic acid and alcohol groups as a result of their fast degradation kinetics. The TiO2 -based PFC yielded the highest photocurrent and obtainable power, whereas the Nb2 O5 -based PFC achieved the highest open-circuit voltage, which is consistent with its most negative Fermi level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyan Hu
- Clean Energy and Nanotechnology (CLEAN) Laboratory, School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Denis Kelm
- Clean Energy and Nanotechnology (CLEAN) Laboratory, School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
- Department of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Manuel Schreiner
- Clean Energy and Nanotechnology (CLEAN) Laboratory, School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
- Department of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Tobias Wollborn
- Clean Energy and Nanotechnology (CLEAN) Laboratory, School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
- Department of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Lutz Mädler
- Department of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Wey Yang Teoh
- Clean Energy and Nanotechnology (CLEAN) Laboratory, School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR.
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10
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Sun T, Wang Y, Zhang H, Liu P, Zhao H. Adsorption and oxidation of oxalic acid on anatase TiO2 (001) surface: A density functional theory study. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 454:180-6. [PMID: 26021433 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Anatase TiO2 (001) surfaces have attracted great interest for photo-degradation of organic species recently due to their high reactivity. In this work, adsorption properties and oxidation mechanisms of oxalic acid on the anatase TiO2 (001) surface have been theoretically investigated using the first-principles density functional theory. Various possible adsorption configurations are considered by diversifying the connectivity of carboxylic groups with the surface. It is found that the adsorption of oxalic acid on the anatase (001) surface prefer the dissociative states. A novel double-bidentate configuration has been found due to the structural match between oxalic acid and the (001) surface. More charge is transferred from the adsorbed oxalic acid to the surface with the double-bidentate configuration when comparing with other adsorption structures. Thus, there is a positive correlation relationship between the transferred charge amount and the interfacial bond numbers when oxalic acid adsorbs on the anatase TiO2 (001) surface. The adsorption energies with dispersion corrections have demonstrated that the van der Waals interactions play an important role in the adsorption, especially when adsorbates are close to the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- Centre for Clean Environment and Energy, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Yun Wang
- Centre for Clean Environment and Energy, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland 4222, Australia.
| | - Haimin Zhang
- Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Porun Liu
- Centre for Clean Environment and Energy, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Huijun Zhao
- Centre for Clean Environment and Energy, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland 4222, Australia; Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
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11
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Wang L, Long R, Prezhdo OV. Time-Domain Ab Initio Modeling of Photoinduced Dynamics at Nanoscale Interfaces. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2015; 66:549-79. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-040214-121359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linjun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627
| | - Run Long
- School of Physics and Complex & Adaptive Systems Laboratory, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Oleg V. Prezhdo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482;
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12
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Lu Y, Wang G, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Kang S, Zhao H. Photoelectrochemical manifestation of intrinsic photoelectron transport properties of vertically aligned {001} faceted single crystal TiO2 nanosheet films. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra08571c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
{001} faceted anatase TiO2 nanosheet array films after calcination exhibited high photoelectrocatalytic activity toward water oxidation owing to superiorly intrinsic photoelectron transport properties of {001} faceted single crystal nanosheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics
- Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology
- Institute of Solid State Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Guozhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics
- Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology
- Institute of Solid State Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Haimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics
- Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology
- Institute of Solid State Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Yunxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics
- Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology
- Institute of Solid State Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Shenghong Kang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics
- Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology
- Institute of Solid State Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Huijun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics
- Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology
- Institute of Solid State Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
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13
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Sun T, Wang Y, Al-Mamun M, Zhang H, Liu P, Zhao H. Photoelectrochemical determination of intrinsic kinetics of photoelectrocatalysis processes at {001} faceted anatase TiO2 photoanodes. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra15336g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrinsic degradation kinetic constant of oxalic acid at a double layered anatase TiO2 photoanode with dominantly exposed {001} facets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- Centre for Clean Environment and Energy
- Griffith School of Environment
- Griffith university
- Australia
| | - Yun Wang
- Centre for Clean Environment and Energy
- Griffith School of Environment
- Griffith university
- Australia
| | - Mohammad Al-Mamun
- Centre for Clean Environment and Energy
- Griffith School of Environment
- Griffith university
- Australia
| | - Haimin Zhang
- Centre for Clean Environment and Energy
- Griffith School of Environment
- Griffith university
- Australia
| | - Porun Liu
- Centre for Clean Environment and Energy
- Griffith School of Environment
- Griffith university
- Australia
| | - Huijun Zhao
- Centre for Clean Environment and Energy
- Griffith School of Environment
- Griffith university
- Australia
- Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials
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14
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Yao S, Song S, Shi Z. Adsorption properties and photocatalytic activity of TiO2/activated carbon fiber composite. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024414060296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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TiO2 Microwave Synthesis, Electrophoretic Deposition of Thin Film, and Photocatalytic Properties for Methylene Blue and Methyl Red Dyes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/326747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of TiO2 thin film was carried out at room temperature on low cost steel substrate using microwave synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) of TiO2. Synthesized NPs and EPD thin film were characterized at different stages of synthesis for its crystal structure, morphology, elemental analysis, and surface area. Spherical particle morphology and formation of TiO2 were confirmed by scanning electron micrograph (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Synthesized NPs were formed in anatase phase having crystallite size of about 12.3 nm from Scherrer's formula using full width half maxima (FWHM). Surface area was found to be 43.52 m2/g by BET giving particle size of 33 nm. Photocatalytic (PC) behavior of TiO2 NPs and EPD TiO2 film on steel substrate was investigated under UV light for two commercial dyes and their photocatalysis efficiency was analyzed. NPs have shown better efficiency for methylene blue (MB) dye than EPD film whereas EPD film have shown higher PC activity for methyl red (MR) dye.
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16
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Ahmadi F, Zarrin L, Sharifnia S, Hosseini SN. ANALYZED AND PROPOSED MECHANISM OF PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF FURFURAL AT TIO2 NANO-PARTICLES BY HPLC-UV AND LC-MASS METHODS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2013.809543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Ahmadi
- a Nano Drug Delivery Research Center , Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran
- b Medicinal Chemistry Department , Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran
| | - L. Zarrin
- c Faculty of Chemistry , Razi University , Kermanshah , Iran
- d Catalyst Research Center, Chemical Engineering Department , Razi University , Kermanshah , Iran
| | - S. Sharifnia
- d Catalyst Research Center, Chemical Engineering Department , Razi University , Kermanshah , Iran
| | - S. N. Hosseini
- e Research and Production Complex , Pasteur Institute of Iran , Tehran , Iran
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17
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Shi Z, Liu G, Sun N, Yao S, Wang S. Preparation and characterization of sulfur-modified mesoporous titania photocatalyst. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024413080347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Gutiérrez DJR, Mathews NR, Martínez SS. Photocatalytic activity enhancement of TiO2 thin films with silver doping under visible light. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2013.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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19
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Berger T, Monllor-Satoca D, Jankulovska M, Lana-Villarreal T, Gómez R. The electrochemistry of nanostructured titanium dioxide electrodes. Chemphyschem 2012; 13:2824-75. [PMID: 22753152 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201200073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Several of the multiple applications of titanium dioxide nanomaterials are directly related to the introduction or generation of charge carriers in the oxide. Thus, electrochemistry plays a central role in the understanding of the factors that must be controlled for the optimization of the material for each application. Herein, the main conceptual tools needed to address the study of the electrochemical properties of TiO(2) nanostructured electrodes are reviewed, as well as the electrochemical methods to prepare and modify them. Particular attention is paid to the dark electrochemical response of these nanomaterials and its direct connection with the TiO(2) electronic structure, interfacial area and grain boundary density. The physical bases for the generation of currents under illumination are also presented. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the kinetics of charge-carrier transfer to solution determines the sign and value of the photocurrent. Furthermore, methods for extracting kinetic information from open-circuit potential and photocurrent measurements are briefly presented. Some aspects of the combination of electrochemical and spectroscopic measurements are also dealt with. Finally, some of the applications of TiO(2) nanostructured samples derived from their electrochemical properties are concisely reviewed. Particular attention is paid to photocatalytic processes and, to a lesser extent, to photosynthetic reactions as well as to applications related to energy from the aspects of both saving (electrochromic layers) and accumulation (batteries). The use of TiO(2) nanomaterials in solar cells is not covered, as a number of reviews have been published addressing this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Berger
- Institut Universitari d'Electroquímica i Departament de Química Física, Universitat d'Alacant, Apartat 99, 03080 Alacant, Spain
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Zhang Y, Xiong X, Han Y, Zhang X, Shen F, Deng S, Xiao H, Yang X, Yang G, Peng H. Photoelectrocatalytic degradation of recalcitrant organic pollutants using TiO2 film electrodes: an overview. CHEMOSPHERE 2012; 88:145-154. [PMID: 22483728 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 03/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) technology involved applying an electrical bias to a TiO(2) film electrode, has been widely applied to the degradation of refractory organic pollutants, owing to its high degradation efficiency. This paper reviews recent developments in the PEC degradation of recalcitrant organic contaminants using a TiO(2) film electrode. The preparation and application of various TiO(2) film electrodes have been investigated, as well as the parameters that influence PEC activity such as the crystal structure, the film thickness and substrate material, the applied electrical bias, the solution pH and conductivity. The improvement of PEC activity by doping the TiO(2) film electrode with metal and non-metal ions has been discussed. The mechanism and kinetics for the PEC degradation of organic pollutants have also been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzong Zhang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Engineering, College of Resources & Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
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Qiu J, Zhang S, Zhao H. Nanostructured TiO2 photocatalysts for the determination of organic pollutants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2012; 211-212:381-388. [PMID: 22133353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.10.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Revised: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the inherent advantages of nanostructured TiO(2) photocatalysts, including high photocatalytic activity, strong oxidation power, low cost, environmental benignity and excellent stability, TiO(2) photocatalyts have recently attracted extensive attention from scientific researchers, technology developers and investors for use in sensing applications. The TiO(2) sensors can be used for lab-based analyses, on-line and on-site determination of organic pollutants in wastewater. This work reviews the application of TiO(2) nanomaterials in photocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic monitoring of aggregative organic parameters such as total organic carbon (TOC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD), as well as individual organic compounds in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxia Qiu
- Centre for Clean Environment and Energy, Environmental Futures Centre, and Griffith School of Environment, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, QLD 4222, Australia
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22
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SHI Z, YANG X, YAO S. Photocatalytic activity of cerium-doped mesoporous TiO2 coated Fe3O4 magnetic composite under UV and visible light. J RARE EARTH 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1002-0721(12)60051-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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23
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Zhang H, Liu X, Li Y, Sun Q, Wang Y, Wood BJ, Liu P, Yang D, Zhao H. Vertically aligned nanorod-like rutileTiO2 single crystal nanowire bundles with superior electron transport and photoelectrocatalytic properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm15546j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Long R, Prezhdo OV. Ab Initio Nonadiabatic Molecular Dynamics of the Ultrafast Electron Injection from a PbSe Quantum Dot into the TiO2 Surface. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:19240-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja2085806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Run Long
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, New York 14627, United States
- School of Chemical & Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Oleg V. Prezhdo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, New York 14627, United States
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25
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YAO S, SUI C, SHI Z. Preparation and characterization of visible-light-driven europium doped mesoporous titania photocatalyst. J RARE EARTH 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1002-0721(10)60571-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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26
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Zhang H, Wang Y, Liu P, Han Y, Yao X, Zou J, Cheng H, Zhao H. Anatase TiO₂ crystal facet growth: mechanistic role of hydrofluoric acid and photoelectrocatalytic activity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2011; 3:2472-2478. [PMID: 21612238 DOI: 10.1021/am200363p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This work reports a facile hydrothermal approach to directly grow anatase TiO(2) crystals with exposed {001} facets on titanium foil substrate by controlling pH of HF solution. The mechanistic role of HF for control growth of the crystal facet of anatase TiO(2) crystals has been investigated. The results demonstrate that controlling solution pH controls the extent of surface fluorination of anatase TiO(2), hence the size, shape, morphology, and {001} faceted surface area of TiO(2) crystals. The theoretical calculations reveal that {001} faceted surface fluorination of anatase TiO(2) can merely occur via dissociative adsorption of HF molecules under acidic conditions while the adsorption of Na(+)F(-) is thermodynamically prohibited. This confirms that the presence of molecular form of HF but not F(-) is essential for preservation of exposed {001} facets of anatase TiO(2). Anatase TiO(2) crystals with exposed {001} facets can be directly fabricated on titanium foil by controlling the solution pH ≤ 5.8. When pH is increased to near neutral and beyond (e.g., pH ≥ 6.6), the insufficient concentration of HF ([HF] ≤ 0.04%) dramatically reduces the extent of surface fluorination, leading to the formation of anatase TiO(2) crystals with {101} facets and titanate nanorods/nanosheets. The anatase TiO(2) nanocrystals with exposed {001} facets exhibits a superior photoelectrocatalytic activity toward water oxidation. The findings of this work clarify the mechanistic role of HF for controlling the crystal facet growth, providing a facile means for massive production of desired nanostructures with high reactive facets on solid substrates for other metal oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimin Zhang
- Centre for Clean Environment and Energy, and Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD 4222, Australia
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Zhang H, Liu P, Li F, Liu H, Wang Y, Zhang S, Guo M, Cheng H, Zhao H. Facile Fabrication of Anatase TiO2 Microspheres on Solid Substrates and Surface Crystal Facet Transformation from {001} to {101}. Chemistry 2011; 17:5949-57. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2010] [Revised: 12/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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28
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Zhou Q, Yang X, Zhang S, Han Y, Ouyang G, He Z, Liang C, Wu M, Zhao H. Rutile nanowire arrays: tunable surface densities, wettability and photochemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm12690c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Ni Y, Zhu Y, Ma X. A simple solution combustion route for the preparation of metal-doped TiO2 nanoparticles and their photocatalytic degradation properties. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:3689-94. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt01534b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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30
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Zhang H, Liu P, Liu X, Zhang S, Yao X, An T, Amal R, Zhao H. Fabrication of highly ordered TiO2 nanorod/nanotube adjacent arrays for photoelectrochemical applications. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:11226-11232. [PMID: 20384304 DOI: 10.1021/la1005314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This work reports a facile approach to fabricate a perpendicularly aligned and highly ordered TiO(2) nanorod/nanotube (NR/NT) adjacent film by directly anodizing a modified titanium foil. The titanium foil substrate was modified with a layer of crystalline TiO(2) film via a hydrothermal process in 0.05 M (NH(4))(2)S(2)O(8). The resultant NR/NT architecture consists of a highly ordered nanorod top layer that directly adjoins to a highly ordered nanotube array bottom layer. The thickness of the top nanorod layer was approximately 90 nm with average nanorod diameter of 22 nm after 20 min of anodization. The thickness of the bottom nanotube array layer was found to be ca. 250 nm after 20 min of anodization, having an average outer and inner tubular diameters of 120 and 80 nm, respectively. A broad implication of the method is that a simple modification to the substrate surface can lead to new forms of nanostructures. For as-anodized NR/NT samples, XRD analysis reveals that the nanorods are of anatase TiO(2) crystalline form while the nanotubes are amorphous. Anatase TiO(2) crystalline form of NR/NT film with high crystallinity can be obtained by thermally treating the as-anodized sample at 450 degrees C for 2 h in air. The resultant NR/NT film was used as a photoanode for photoactivity evaluation. Comparing with a nanotube array photoanode prepared by direct anodization of unmodified titanium foil, the NR/NT photoanode exhibits a unique feature of selective photocatalytic oxidation toward organics, which makes it very attractive to photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants, sensing, and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimin Zhang
- Environmental Futures Centre and Griffith School of Environment, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, QLD 4222, Australia
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31
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Wu M, Jin Y, Zhao G, Li M, Li D. Electrosorption-promoted photodegradation of opaque wastewater on a novel TiO(2)/carbon aerogel electrode. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2010; 44:1780-1785. [PMID: 20121179 DOI: 10.1021/es903201m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A novel electrosorption-photocatalysis synergistic electrode of TiO(2)/carbon aerogel (TiO(2)/CA) is prepared. The thermal stability and dispersion of the anatase TiO(2) particles are well facilitated by the porous and discontinuous microstructure of CA. The degradation experiments show that the TiO(2)/CA material is not only a good photocatalyst but also an excellent electrosorptive electrode. The TiO(2)/CA is easily molded to an agglomerate electrode. The opaque wastewater with dyestuff is degraded effectively by the electrosorption-promoted photocatalytic process on this electrode. For the simulated methylene blue (MB) wastewater (150 mg L(-1)), the rate constant of MB degradation in the electro-assisted photocatalytic process with the conventional ITO-supported TiO(2) (TiO(2)/ITO) is 0.55 x 10(-3) min(-1) and that the electrosorption-promoted photocatalysis with TiO(2)/CA is 10.27 x 10(-3) min(-1), which is 18 times the former. In the electrosorption-promoted photocatalytic process with TiO(2)/CA, the energy consumption removing per unit TOC is only 15% of that in the electro-assisted photocatalysis with TiO(2)/ITO, because the electrosorption is a nonfaradic process irrelative to any electron transfer and requires very low consumption. This study provides a new method for exploring highly efficient electrosorption-promoted photocatalytics technology in the treatment of opaque wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifen Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, 200092 Shanghai, China
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32
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Zhang FJ, Chen ML, Oh WC. The effect of introduced method of titania and applied potential on the photoelectrocatalytic properties of CNT/TiO 2electrodes. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN CRYSTAL GROWTH AND CRYSTAL TECHNOLOGY 2010. [DOI: 10.6111/jkcgct.2010.20.1.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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33
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Zhang H, Liu P, Wang H, Yu H, Zhang S, Zhu H, Peng F, Zhao H. Facile formation of branched titanate nanotubes to grow a three-dimensional nanotubular network directly on a solid substrate. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:1574-1578. [PMID: 20039654 DOI: 10.1021/la9041869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The hydrothermal formation of branched titanate nanotubes that grow a 3D nanotubular network directly onto a titanium substrate is reported. The resultant 3D nanotubular network exhibits a unique all-dimensional uniform porous structure. The inner and outer tubular diameters of branched titanate nanotubes were found to be approximately 6 and 12 nm, respectively. For the majority of the nanotubes, the wall is formed from three layers of titanate with an approximate 7.7 A interlayer space. In terms of individual nanotubes, these characteristics are quantitatively similar to those of previously reported nonbranched nanotubes. However, in terms of how nanotubes are arranged in the film, the all-dimensional uniform nanotubular network structure obtained here is distinctively different from those of previously reported structures. The 3D nanotubular network structure was formed by the jointing of branched nanotubes. In contrast, the previously reported nanotubes tend to grow vertically on the substrate, and the resultant tubular films are formed by interwoven nonbranched nanotubes. The branched titanate nanotubes can be readily formed on titanium substrates but not in solution suspension forms. A continuous seed formation-oriented crystal growth mechanism was proposed for the branched titanate nanotubular network formation. Such a network structure could be useful for applications such as photocatalysis, membrane separation, field emission, and photovoltaic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimin Zhang
- Environmental Futures Centre and Griffith School of Environment, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, QLD 4222, Australia
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34
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Pozzo RL, Brandi RJ, Cassano AE, Baltanás MA. Photocatalytic oxidation of oxalic acid in dilute aqueous solution, in a fully illuminated fluidized bed reactor. Chem Eng Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2009.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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35
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Berger T, Rodes A, Gómez R. Oxalic acid photooxidation on rutile nanowire electrodes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:10503-11. [DOI: 10.1039/c003377d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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36
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Zhang S, Wen W, Zhang H, Zhao H. In situ photoelectrochemical measurement of phthalic acid on titania. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2009.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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37
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Fischer SA, Duncan WR, Prezhdo OV. Ab Initio Nonadiabatic Molecular Dynamics of Wet-Electrons on the TiO2 Surface. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:15483-91. [DOI: 10.1021/ja906599b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean A. Fischer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, and Schrodinger Inc., 101 SW Main Street, Suite 1300, Portland, Oregon 97204
| | - Walter R. Duncan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, and Schrodinger Inc., 101 SW Main Street, Suite 1300, Portland, Oregon 97204
| | - Oleg V. Prezhdo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, and Schrodinger Inc., 101 SW Main Street, Suite 1300, Portland, Oregon 97204
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38
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Zhao H, Shen Y, Zhang S, Zhang H. A vapor phase hydrothermal modification method converting a honeycomb structured hybrid film into photoactive TiO2 film. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:11032-11037. [PMID: 19496571 DOI: 10.1021/la901338j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Transforming an organic/inorganic hybrid material into a pure inorganic material without losing its original structure is of interest for a range of applications. In this work, a simple and effective vapor phase hydrothermal method was developed to transform a 3D honeycomb structured PS/TTIP hybrid film into a photoactive TiO2 film without dismantling the originally templated 3D structure. The method utilizes the vapor phase hydrothermal process to create titania network/clusters with sufficient mechanical strength via the formation of Ti-oxo bridges. The organic components of the sample can be removed by means of pyrolysis while perfectly maintaining the original 3D honeycomb structure. The resultant film can be directly used for photocatalysis applications and could be further modified for other applications. In principle, this method can be used to preserve 3D structures of other organic/inorganic hybrid films during their conversion to pure inorganic films via a pyrolysis process, if mechanically strong networks can be formed as a result of hydrolysis reactions. The ability to preserve the preferred 3D structure during the subsequent conversion processes enables realization of the full benefit of unique architectures created by a templating method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Zhao
- Griffith School of Environment and Australian Rivers Institute, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, QLD 4222, Australia.
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39
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Hou Y, Qu J, Zhao X, Lei P, Wan D, Huang CP. Electro-photocatalytic degradation of acid orange II using a novel TiO2/ACF photoanode. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2009; 407:2431-2439. [PMID: 19171372 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2008] [Revised: 12/01/2008] [Accepted: 12/05/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A novel photoanode was prepared by immobilizing TiO(2) film onto activated carbon fibers (TiO(2)/ACF) using liquid phase deposition (LPD) to study the electro-photocatalytic (EPC) degradation of organic compounds exemplified by an azo-dye, namely, Acid Orange II (AOII). Results demonstrated that by applying a 0.5 V bias (vs. SCE) across the TiO(2)/ACF electrode, the AOII degradation rate was increased significantly compared to that of photocatalytic (PC) oxidation. The application of an electric field promotes the separation of photogenerated electrons and holes as confirmed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The structural and surface morphology of the TiO(2)/ACF electrode was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). SEM images showed that TiO(2) was deposited on almost every carbon fiber with an average thickness of about 200 nm with the inner space between neighboring fibers being maintained unfilled. The morphological features of the photo-anode facilitated the passage of solution as well as UV light through the felt-form electrode and created a three-dimensional environment favorable to EPC oxidation. Both the large outer surface area of the 3D electrode and the good organic adsorption capacity of the ACF support promoted high contact efficiency between AOII and TiO(2) surface. Anatase was the major crystalline TiO(2) deposited. UV-vis spectrophotometry, TOC (total organic carbon) analysis, and HPLC technique were used to monitor the concentration change of AOII and intermediates as to gain insight into the EPC degradation of AOII using the TiO(2)/ACF electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China.
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40
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Zhang H, Zhao H, Zhang S, Quan X. Photoelectrochemical manifestation of photoelectron transport properties of vertically aligned nanotubular TiO2 photoanodes. Chemphyschem 2008; 9:117-23. [PMID: 18072232 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200700406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A simple photoelectrochemical method was proposed to quantitatively evaluate the electron transport process of photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of water at vertically aligned nanotubular TiO2 photoanodes. The photoelectrocatalysis reaction resistance (R=k/J(sph)+R(0)=R(I)+R(0)) was measured and used to express the electron transport characteristics of a nanotubular TiO(2) electrode. The overall resistance was found to consist of a variant (R(I)) and an invariant component (R(0)). R(I) was found to be inversely proportional to the saturation photocurrent and it depends on the experimental conditions. The proportional constant, k, represents the minimum applied potential bias required to remove 100 % of the photogenerated electrons from the photocatalyst layer and was found to be independent of the anodization time. The invariant component of the resistance (R(0)) is an inherent property of the semiconductor photocatalyst that represents the sum of Ohmic contact impedance at the conducting substrate/TiO2 interface and crystalline boundary impedance. The magnitude of R(0) linearly increased with anodization time. The real saturated photocurrent density (J(real-sphd)) was found to be independent of R(0) indicating that the electron collection efficiency is independent of the nanotube length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimin Zhang
- Griffith School of Environment, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Queensland 4222, Australia.
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41
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Gan WY, Lee MW, Amal R, Zhao H, Chiang K. Photoelectrocatalytic activity of mesoporous TiO2 films prepared using the sol–gel method with tri-block copolymer as structure directing agent. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-008-9495-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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42
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Zhang S, Zhao H. A new approach prevailing over chloride interference in the photoelectrochemical determination of chemical oxygen demand. Analyst 2008; 133:1684-91. [DOI: 10.1039/b805095c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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43
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Electrophoresis–A new approach for the determination of organic matters adsorption on irradiated TiO2. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2006.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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44
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Waldner G, Gómez R, Neumann-Spallart M. Using photoelectrochemical measurements for distinguishing between direct and indirect hole transfer processes on anatase: Case of oxalic acid. Electrochim Acta 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2006.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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45
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Li J, Zheng L, Li L, Xian Y, Jin L. Fabrication of TiO2/Ti electrode by laser-assisted anodic oxidation and its application on photoelectrocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2007; 139:72-8. [PMID: 16857311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2005] [Revised: 05/11/2006] [Accepted: 06/05/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A TiO2/Ti mesh electrode by laser calcination was prepared in this article. The resulting TiO2 film was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and it illuminated that the prepared electrode mainly consisted of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles on its surface and exhibited a superior photocatalytic activity. The photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) using the proposed electrode under different experimental conditions was investigated in terms of both UV absorbance at 664 nm and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal. The electrical bias applied in photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) oxidation was also studied. The experimental results showed that under the optimal potential of +0.50 V (versus SCE), UV absorbance and COD removal during the photodegradation of MB by the proposed TiO2/Ti mesh electrode were 97.3% and 87.0%, respectively. Through the comparison between photocatalytic (PC) oxidation and photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) oxidation, it was found that PEC oxidation was a convenient and effective way to mineralize the organic matters and that laser-treated photoelectrode exceeded the oven-treated one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqing Li
- Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
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46
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Li J, Zheng L, Li L, Shi G, Xian Y, Jin L. Photoelectro-Synergistic Catalysis at Ti/TiO2/PbO2 Electrode and Its Application on Determination of Chemical Oxygen Demand. ELECTROANAL 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200603644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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47
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Monllor-Satoca D, Borja L, Rodes A, Gómez R, Salvador P. Photoelectrochemical Behavior of Nanostructured WO3 Thin-Film Electrodes: The Oxidation of Formic Acid. Chemphyschem 2006; 7:2540-51. [PMID: 17072939 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200600379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructured tungsten trioxide thin-film electrodes are prepared on conducting glass substrates by either potentiostatic electrodeposition from aqueous solutions of peroxotungstic acid or direct deposition of WO3 slurries. Once treated thermally in air at 450 degrees C, the electrodes are found to be composed of monoclinic WO3 grains with a particle size around 30-40 nm. The photoelectrochemical behavior of these electrodes in 1 M HClO4 apparently reveals a low degree of electron-hole recombination. Upon addition of formic acid, the electrode showed the current multiplication phenomenon together with a shift of the photocurrent onset potential toward less positive values. Photoelectrochemical experiments devised on the basis of a kinetic model reported recently [I. Mora-Seró, T. Lana-Villarreal, J. Bisquert, A. Pitarch, R. Gómez, P. Salvador, J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 3371] showed that an interfacial mechanism of inelastic, direct hole transfer takes place in the photooxidation of formic acid. This behavior is attributed to the tendency of formic acid molecules to be specifically adsorbed on the WO3 nanoparticles, as evidenced by attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damián Monllor-Satoca
- Departament de Química Física i Institut Universitari d'Electroquímica, Universitat d'Alacant, Ap. 99, 03080 Alacant, Spain
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48
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Wilson GJ, Will GD. Chemical discrimination by a kinetic model of organic photooxidation in a heterosupramolecular assembly. J Colloid Interface Sci 2006; 302:230-9. [PMID: 16887133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2006.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2006] [Revised: 06/19/2006] [Accepted: 06/19/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The photooxidation of range of common organic pollutants in a dye-sensitised photoelectrochemical cell (DS-PEC) is reported. A photoanode was prepared by the chemisorption of a photosensitiser, cis-bis-(2,2)-bipyridine)-(4,4'-bis-(methyl)phosphonato-2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) dichloride ([Ru(bpy)2(dmpbpy]2+), to a nanoporous nanocrystalline TiO2 thin film on a conducting glass substrate. The photoanode was coupled to a platinum electroplated fluorine doped tin oxide glass substrate in a two electrode assembly and the cell cavity was filled with an aqueous solution of organic pollutants and irradiated with lambda>420 nm to give a measurable photocurrent. In addition to the ability of this cell to photooxidise a range of chemically diverse organic pollutants, the application of a kinetic model to observed photocurrent transients allowed the study of interfacial electron transfer processes. Through the mathematical fit of a five-parameter double exponential decay function, evidence to support numerous interfacial reactions for the oxidation process were identified. Rapid oxidation of species in close proximity to the photooxidation centre was proposed as the kinetically fast interfacial process with a first-order rate constant of the order 0.4 s(-1). The slower process was attributed to the diffusion of oxidisable species from the solution bulk to the surface prior to oxidation with a first-order rate constant of the order 0.01 s(-1). Theoretical profiling of the kinetic events supported the biphasic assignment of interfacial processes and indicated that non-exhaustive oxidation occurs for the solution concentrations examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Wilson
- Inorganic Materials Research Program, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
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49
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Tran H, Scott J, Chiang K, Amal R. Clarifying the role of silver deposits on titania for the photocatalytic mineralisation of organic compounds. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2006.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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50
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Dükkanci M, Gündüz G. Ultrasonic degradation of oxalic acid in aqueous solutions. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2006; 13:517-22. [PMID: 16352455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2005.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2005] [Accepted: 10/15/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the ultrasonic degradation of oxalic acid. The effects of ultrasonic power, H(2)O(2), NaCl, external gases on the degradation of oxalic acid were investigated. Reactor flask containing oxalic acid was immersed in the ultrasonic bath with water as the coupling fluid. Representative samples withdrawn were analysed by volumetric titration. Degradation degree of oxalic acid increased with increasing ultrasonic power. It was observed that H(2)O(2) has negative contribution on the degradation of oxalic acid and there was an optimum concentration of NaCl for enhancing the degradation degree of oxalic acid. Although bubbling nitrogen gave higher degradation than that for bubbling air, both gases (for 20 min before sonication and during sonication together) could not help to enhance the degradation of oxalic acid when compared with the degradation without gas passage.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dükkanci
- Faculty of Engineering, Chemical Engineering Department, Ege University, Bornova/Izmir, Turkey
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