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Karam L, Farès C, Weidenthaler C, Neumann CN. Expedited Synthesis of Metal Phosphides Maximizes Dispersion, Air Stability, and Catalytic Performance in Selective Hydrogenation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404292. [PMID: 38860426 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Metal phosphides have been hailed as potential replacements for scarce noble metal catalysts in many aspects of the hydrogen economy from hydrogen evolution to selective hydrogenation reactions. But the need for dangerous and costly phosphorus precursors, limited support dispersion, and low stability of the metal phosphide surface toward oxidation substantially lower the appeal and performance of metal phosphides in catalysis. We show here that a 1-step procedure that relies on safe and cheap precursors can furnish an air-stable Ni2P/Al2O3 catalyst containing 3.2 nm nanoparticles. Ni2P/Al2O3 1-step is kinetically competitive with the palladium-based Lindlar catalyst in selective hydrogenation catalysis, and a loading corresponding to 4 ppm Ni was sufficient to convert 0.1 mol alkyne. The 1-step synthetic procedure alters the surface ligand speciation of Ni2P/Al2O3, which protects the nanoparticle surface from oxidation, and ensures that 85 % of the initial catalytic activity was retained after the catalyst was stored under air for 1.5 years. Preparation of Ni2P on a variety of supports (silica, TiO2, SBA-15, ZrO2, C and HAP) as well as Co2P/Al2O3, Co2P/TiO2 and bimetallic NiCoP/TiO2 demonstrates the generality with which supported metal phosphides can be accessed in a safe and straightforward fashion with small sizes and high dispersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Karam
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Christophe Farès
- Department of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Claudia Weidenthaler
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Constanze N Neumann
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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Li J, Suo W, Huang Y, Chen M, Ma H, Liu C, Zhang H, Liang K, Dong Z. Mesoporous α-Al 2O 3-supported PdCu bimetallic nanoparticle catalyst for the selective semi-hydrogenation of alkynes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 652:1053-1062. [PMID: 37639927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.08.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The selective hydrogenation of alkynes to alkenes is widely applied in the chemical industry; nevertheless, achieving highly selective hydrogenation with high catalytic activity is considerably challenging. Herein, ultrafine PdCu bimetallic nanoparticles encapsulated by high-surface-area mesoporous α-Al2O3 were prepared by high-temperature calcination-reduction using a porous organic framework (POF) as the template. As-obtained PdCu@α-Al2O3 exhibited a high selectivity of 95% for the semi-hydrogenation of phenylacetylene as a probe reaction under mild reaction conditions. The separation of continuous Pd atoms and modification of the Pd electronic state by Cu atoms suppressed β-hydride formation and alkene adsorption, contributing to high selectivity for the catalytic hydrogenation of alkynes. The catalytic activity was maintained after 7 cycles due to the strong interaction between the PdCu bimetallic nanoparticles and α-Al2O3 as well as the encapsulation effect of mesoporous α-Al2O3. Thus, the current work provides a facile strategy for fabricating high-surface-area mesoporous α-Al2O3-supported catalysts for industrial catalysis applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Wenli Suo
- Lanzhou Petrochemical Company, PetroChina Company Limited, Lanzhou 730060, PR China
| | - Yuena Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Minglin Chen
- Lanzhou Petrochemical Research Center, Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Company Limited, Lanzhou 730060, PR China
| | - Haowen Ma
- Lanzhou Petrochemical Research Center, Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Company Limited, Lanzhou 730060, PR China
| | - Chuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Lanzhou Petrochemical Company, PetroChina Company Limited, Lanzhou 730060, PR China
| | - Kun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Zhengping Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
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Room-temperature hydrogenation of halogenated nitrobenzenes over metal—organic-framework-derived ultra-dispersed Ni stabilized by N-doped carbon nanoneedles. Front Chem Sci Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-022-2220-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Gregori BJ, Schmotz MWS, Jacobi von Wangelin A. Stereoselective Semi-Hydrogenations of Alkynes by First-Row (3d) Transition Metal Catalysts. ChemCatChem 2022; 14:e202200886. [PMID: 36632425 PMCID: PMC9825939 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The chemo- and stereoselective semi-hydrogenation of alkynes to alkenes is a fundamental transformation in synthetic chemistry, for which the use of precious 4d or 5d metal catalysts is well-established. In mankind's unwavering quest for sustainability, research focus has considerably veered towards the 3d metals. Given their high abundancy and availability as well as lower toxicity and noxiousness, they are undoubtedly attractive from both an economic and an environmental perspective. Herein, we wish to present noteworthy and groundbreaking examples for the use of 3d metal catalysts for diastereoselective alkyne semi-hydrogenation as we embark on a journey through the first-row transition metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard J. Gregori
- Dept. of ChemistryUniversity of HamburgMartin Luther King Pl 620146HamburgGermany
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Chen W, Bao Z, Zhou Z. Selective hydrogenation of phenylacetylene over non-precious bimetallic Ni–Zn/SiO2 and Ni–Co/SiO2 catalysts prepared by glucose pyrolysis. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-022-02276-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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6
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Cordoba M, Garcia L, Martinez Bovier L, Badano J, Betti C, Coloma Pascual F, Quiroga M, Lederhos C. In Situ DRIFTS Investigation During the Adsorption of 1-Pentyne and Catalytic Performance of Pd–Ni Bimetallic Catalysts for Olefinic Purification. Top Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-022-01664-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Bharamanagowda MM, Panchangam RK. Lignin@Ni‐NPs: A Novel, Highly Efficient, Recyclable, and Selective Nanocatalyst for Base‐Free Transfer Hydrogenation Reactions at Room Temperature. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Raghavendra Kumar Panchangam
- Department of Studies and Research in Chemistry University College of Science Tumkur University Tumakuru 572 103 Karnataka-State India
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Oberhauser W, Frediani M, Mohammadi Dehcheshmeh I, Evangelisti C, Poggini L, Capozzoli L, Najafi Moghadam P. Selective Alkyne Semi‐Hydrogenation by PdCu Nanoparticles Immobilized on Stereocomplexed Poly(lactic acid). ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202101910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Werner Oberhauser
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM) Via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Marco Frediani
- Department of Chemistry University of Florence Via della Lastruccia, 3–13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Iman Mohammadi Dehcheshmeh
- Department of Chemistry University of Florence Via della Lastruccia, 3–13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
- Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Urmia University 57153-165 Urmia Iran
| | - Claudio Evangelisti
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM) U.O.S. di Pisa Via Moruzzi 1 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Lorenzo Poggini
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM) Via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Laura Capozzoli
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM) Via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Peyman Najafi Moghadam
- Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Urmia University 57153-165 Urmia Iran
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In-situ facile synthesis novel N-doped thin graphene layer encapsulated Pd@N/C catalyst for semi-hydrogenation of alkynes. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Khorsandi Z, Keshavarzipour F, Varma RS, Hajipour AR, Sadeghi-Aliabadi H. Sustainable synthesis of potential antitumor new derivatives of Abemaciclib and Fedratinib via C-N cross coupling reactions using Pd/Cu-free Co-catalyst. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.112011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Bakuru VR, Fazl-Ur-Rahman K, Periyasamy G, Velaga B, Peela NR, DMello ME, Kanakikodi KS, Maradur SP, Maji TK, Kalidindi SB. Unraveling High Alkene Selectivity at Full Conversion in Alkyne Hydrogenation over Ni under Continuous Flow Conditions. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00875k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Selective hydrogenation of alkynes into alkenes in continuous flow conditions over non-precious metal catalysts is an attractive prospect for the chemical industry, especially for the petrochemical and polymer industry. Achieving...
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Song T, Li Q, Ma Z, Yang Y. Recent advance in selective hydrogenation reaction catalyzed by biomass-derived non-noble metal nanocomposites. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Recent developments of supported and magnetic nanocatalysts for organic transformations: an up-to-date review. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-01888-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Sodreau A, Vivien A, Moisset A, Salzemann C, Petit C, Petit M. Simpler and Cleaner Synthesis of Variously Capped Cobalt Nanocrystals Applied in the Semihydrogenation of Alkynes. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:13972-13978. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Sodreau
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - A. Vivien
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - A. Moisset
- Sorbonne Université, MONARIS, UMR 8233, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - C. Salzemann
- Sorbonne Université, MONARIS, UMR 8233, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - C. Petit
- Sorbonne Université, MONARIS, UMR 8233, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - M. Petit
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
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Shi X, Wen X, Nie S, Dong J, Li J, Shi Y, Zhang H, Bai G. Fabrication of Ni3N nanorods anchored on N-doped carbon for selective semi-hydrogenation of alkynes. J Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Garbe M, Budweg S, Papa V, Wei Z, Hornke H, Bachmann S, Scalone M, Spannenberg A, Jiao H, Junge K, Beller M. Chemoselective semihydrogenation of alkynes catalyzed by manganese(i)-PNP pincer complexes. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00992j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A first homogeneous manganese catalyzed chemoselective semihydrogenation of alkynes to Z-olefins in the presence of molecular hydrogen is described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhihong Wei
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V
- Rostock
- Germany
| | | | - Stephan Bachmann
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG
- Department of Process Chemistry & Catalysis
- Basel
- Switzerland
| | - Michelangelo Scalone
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG
- Department of Process Chemistry & Catalysis
- Basel
- Switzerland
| | | | - Haijun Jiao
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V
- Rostock
- Germany
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Muzzio M, Li J, Yin Z, Delahunty IM, Xie J, Sun S. Monodisperse nanoparticles for catalysis and nanomedicine. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:18946-18967. [PMID: 31454005 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr06080d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The growth and breadth of nanoparticle (NP) research now encompasses many scientific and technologic fields, which has driven the want to control NP dimensions, structures and properties. Recent advances in NP synthesis, especially in solution phase synthesis, and characterization have made it possible to tune NP sizes and shapes to optimize NP properties for various applications. In this review, we summarize the general concepts of using solution phase chemistry to control NP nucleation and growth for the formation of monodisperse NPs with polyhedral, cubic, octahedral, rod, or wire shapes and complex multicomponent heterostructures. Using some representative examples, we demonstrate how to use these monodisperse NPs to tune and optimize NP catalysis of some important energy conversion reactions, such as the oxygen reduction reaction, electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction, and cascade dehydrogenation/hydrogenation for the formation of functional organic compounds under greener chemical reaction conditions. Monodisperse NPs with controlled surface chemistry, morphologies and magnetic properties also show great potential for use in biomedicine. We highlight how monodisperse iron oxide NPs are made biocompatible and target-specific for biomedical imaging, sensing and therapeutic applications. We intend to provide readers some concrete evidence that monodisperse NPs have been established to serve as successful model systems for understanding structure-property relationships at the nanoscale and further to show great potential for advanced nanotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Muzzio
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
| | - Junrui Li
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
| | - Zhouyang Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
| | | | - Jin Xie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Shouheng Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
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Effects of pyrolysis temperatures on the textural, magnetic, morphology, and catalytic properties of supported nickel nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Cordoba M, Coloma-Pascual F, Quiroga ME, Lederhos CR. Olefin Purification and Selective Hydrogenation of Alkynes with Low Loaded Pd Nanoparticle Catalysts. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b02081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Misael Cordoba
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica, INCAPE (FIQ-UNL, CONICET), Colectora Ruta Nac. N° 168 Km 0, Pje El Pozo, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Fernando Coloma-Pascual
- Servicios Técnicos de Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, Apartado 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Mónica E. Quiroga
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica, INCAPE (FIQ-UNL, CONICET), Colectora Ruta Nac. N° 168 Km 0, Pje El Pozo, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santiago del Estero 2829, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Cecilia R. Lederhos
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica, INCAPE (FIQ-UNL, CONICET), Colectora Ruta Nac. N° 168 Km 0, Pje El Pozo, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
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Murugesan K, Bheeter CB, Linnebank PR, Spannenberg A, Reek JNH, Jagadeesh RV, Beller M. Nickel-Catalyzed Stereodivergent Synthesis of E- and Z-Alkenes by Hydrogenation of Alkynes. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:3363-3369. [PMID: 30977957 PMCID: PMC6771912 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201900784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A convenient protocol for stereodivergent hydrogenation of alkynes to E- and Z-alkenes by using nickel catalysts was developed. Simple Ni(NO3 )2 ⋅6 H2 O as a catalyst precursor formed active nanoparticles, which were effective for the semihydrogenation of several alkynes with high selectivity for the Z-alkene (Z/E>99:1). Upon addition of specific multidentate ligands (triphos, tetraphos), the resulting molecular catalysts were highly selective for the E-alkene products (E/Z>99:1). Mechanistic studies revealed that the Z-alkene-selective catalyst was heterogeneous whereas the E-alkene-selective catalyst was homogeneous. In the latter case, the alkyne was first hydrogenated to a Z-alkene, which was subsequently isomerized to the E-alkene. This proposal was supported by density functional theory calculations. This synthetic methodology was shown to be generally applicable in >40 examples and scalable to multigram-scale experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathiravan Murugesan
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität RostockAlbert-Einstein-Str. 29a18059RostockGermany
| | - Charles Beromeo Bheeter
- Van‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Pim R. Linnebank
- Van‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Anke Spannenberg
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität RostockAlbert-Einstein-Str. 29a18059RostockGermany
| | - Joost N. H. Reek
- Van‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Rajenahally V. Jagadeesh
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität RostockAlbert-Einstein-Str. 29a18059RostockGermany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität RostockAlbert-Einstein-Str. 29a18059RostockGermany
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