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Stege PB, Beekman JM, Hendrickx APA, van Eijk L, Rogers MRC, Suen SWF, Vonk AM, Willems RJL, Paganelli FL. Colonization of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in human-derived colonic epithelium: unraveling the transcriptional dynamics of host-enterococcal interactions. FEMS MICROBES 2024; 5:xtae014. [PMID: 38813098 PMCID: PMC11134301 DOI: 10.1093/femsmc/xtae014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus faecium is an opportunistic pathogen able to colonize the intestines of hospitalized patients. This initial colonization is an important step in the downstream pathogenesis, which includes outgrowth of the intestinal microbiota and potential infection of the host. The impact of intestinal overgrowth on host-enterococcal interactions is not well understood. We therefore applied a RNAseq approach in order to unravel the transcriptional dynamics of E. faecium upon co-culturing with human derived colonic epithelium. Co-cultures of colonic epithelium with a hospital-associated vancomycin resistant (vanA-type) E. faecium (VRE) showed that VRE resided on top of the colonic epithelium when analyzed by microscopy. RNAseq revealed that exposure to the colonic epithelium resulted in upregulation of 238 VRE genes compared to the control condition, including genes implicated in pili expression, conjugation (plasmid_2), genes related to sugar uptake, and biofilm formation (chromosome). In total, 260 were downregulated, including the vanA operon located on plasmid_3. Pathway analysis revealed an overall switch in metabolism to amino acid scavenging and reduction. In summary, our study demonstrates that co-culturing of VRE with human colonic epithelium promotes an elaborate gene response in VRE, enhancing our insight in host-E. faecium interactions, which might facilitate the design of novel anti-infectivity strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul B Stege
- Department of Medical Microbiology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey M Beekman
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584CX, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | - Antoni P A Hendrickx
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721MA, The Netherlands
| | - Laura van Eijk
- Department of Medical Microbiology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | - Malbert R C Rogers
- Department of Medical Microbiology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia W F Suen
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584CX, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | - Annelotte M Vonk
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584CX, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | - Rob J L Willems
- Department of Medical Microbiology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | - Fernanda L Paganelli
- Department of Medical Microbiology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CX, The Netherlands
- Winclove Probiotics, Amsterdam, 1033JS, The Netherlands
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2
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Angyal D, Kleinfelder K, Ciciriello F, Groeneweg TA, De Marchi G, de Pretis N, Bernardoni L, Rodella L, Tomba F, De Angelis P, Surace C, Pintani E, Alghisi F, de Jonge HR, Melotti P, Sorio C, Lucidi V, Bijvelds MJC, Frulloni L. CFTR function is impaired in a subset of patients with pancreatitis carrying rare CFTR variants. Pancreatology 2024; 24:394-403. [PMID: 38493004 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many affected by pancreatitis harbor rare variants of the cystic fibrosis (CF) gene, CFTR, which encodes an epithelial chloride/bicarbonate channel. We investigated CFTR function and the effect of CFTR modulator drugs in pancreatitis patients carrying CFTR variants. METHODS Next-generation sequencing was performed to identify CFTR variants. Sweat tests and nasal potential difference (NPD) assays were performed to assess CFTR function in vivo. Intestinal current measurement (ICM) was performed on rectal biopsies. Patient-derived intestinal epithelial monolayers were used to evaluate chloride and bicarbonate transport and the effects of a CFTR modulator combination: elexacaftor, tezacaftor and ivacaftor (ETI). RESULTS Of 32 pancreatitis patients carrying CFTR variants, three had CF-causing mutations on both alleles and yielded CF-typical sweat test, NPD and ICM results. Fourteen subjects showed a more modest elevation in sweat chloride levels, including three that were provisionally diagnosed with CF. ICM indicated impaired CFTR function in nine out of 17 non-CF subjects tested. This group of nine included five carrying a wild type CFTR allele. In epithelial monolayers, a reduction in CFTR-dependent chloride transport was found in six out of 14 subjects tested, whereas bicarbonate secretion was reduced in only one individual. In epithelial monolayers of four of these six subjects, ETI improved CFTR function. CONCLUSIONS CFTR function is impaired in a subset of pancreatitis patients carrying CFTR variants. Mutations outside the CFTR locus may contribute to the anion transport defect. Bioassays on patient-derived intestinal tissue and organoids can be used to detect such defects and to assess the effect of CFTR modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Angyal
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Karina Kleinfelder
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Division of General Pathology, Verona, Italy
| | - Fabiana Ciciriello
- Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza di Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Tessa A Groeneweg
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Giulia De Marchi
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Borgo Roma Hospital, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Nicolò de Pretis
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Borgo Roma Hospital, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Laura Bernardoni
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Borgo Roma Hospital, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Luca Rodella
- Endoscopy Surgery Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Tomba
- Endoscopy Surgery Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Paola De Angelis
- Digestive Endoscopy and Surgery Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Surace
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Emily Pintani
- Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Federico Alghisi
- Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza di Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Hugo R de Jonge
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paola Melotti
- Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Sorio
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Division of General Pathology, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzina Lucidi
- Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza di Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcel J C Bijvelds
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Luca Frulloni
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Borgo Roma Hospital, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
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Kleinfelder K, Lotti V, Eramo A, Amato F, Lo Cicero S, Castelli G, Spadaro F, Farinazzo A, Dell’Orco D, Preato S, Conti J, Rodella L, Tomba F, Cerofolini A, Baldisseri E, Bertini M, Volpi S, Villella VR, Esposito S, Zollo I, Castaldo G, Laudanna C, Sorsher EJ, Hong J, Joshi D, Cutting G, Lucarelli M, Melotti P, Sorio C. In silico analysis and theratyping of an ultra-rare CFTR genotype (W57G/A234D) in primary human rectal and nasal epithelial cells. iScience 2023; 26:108180. [PMID: 38026150 PMCID: PMC10660498 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutation targeted therapy in cystic fibrosis (CF) is still not eligible for all CF subjects, especially for cases carrying rare variants such as the CFTR genotype W57G/A234D (c.169T>G/c.701C>A). We performed in silico analysis of the effects of these variants on protein stability, which we functionally characterized using colonoids and reprogrammed nasal epithelial cells. The effect of mutations on cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein was analyzed by western blotting, forskolin-induced swelling (FIS), and Ussing chamber analysis. We detected a residual CFTR function that increases following treatment with the CFTR modulators VX661±VX445±VX770, correlates among models, and is associated with increased CFTR protein levels following treatment with CFTR correctors. In vivo treatment with VX770 reduced sweat chloride concentration to non-CF levels, increased the number of CFTR-dependent sweat droplets, and induced a 6% absolute increase in predicted FEV1% after 27 weeks of treatment indicating the relevance of theratyping with patient-derived cells in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Kleinfelder
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Division of General Pathology, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Virginia Lotti
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Division of General Pathology, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Adriana Eramo
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Felice Amato
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore S.c.a.r.l., 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Lo Cicero
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Germana Castelli
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Spadaro
- Confocal Microscopy Unit, Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Farinazzo
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Division of General Pathology, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Daniele Dell’Orco
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Sara Preato
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Division of General Pathology, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Jessica Conti
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Division of General Pathology, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Luca Rodella
- Endoscopic Surgery Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Tomba
- Endoscopic Surgery Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy
| | - Angelo Cerofolini
- Endoscopic Surgery Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy
| | - Elena Baldisseri
- Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy
| | - Marina Bertini
- Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy
| | - Sonia Volpi
- Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy
| | - Valeria Rachela Villella
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore S.c.a.r.l., 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Speranza Esposito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore S.c.a.r.l., 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Immacolata Zollo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore S.c.a.r.l., 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castaldo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore S.c.a.r.l., 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Laudanna
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Division of General Pathology, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Eric J. Sorsher
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy/Immunology, Cystic Fibrosis & Sleep, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jeong Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy/Immunology, Cystic Fibrosis & Sleep, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Disha Joshi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy/Immunology, Cystic Fibrosis & Sleep, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Garry Cutting
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Marco Lucarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Pasteur Institute, Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Melotti
- Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Sorio
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Division of General Pathology, 37134 Verona, Italy
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4
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Lefferts JW, Bierlaagh MC, Kroes S, Nieuwenhuijze NDA, Sonneveld van Kooten HN, Niemöller PJ, Verburg TF, Janssens HM, Muilwijk D, van Beuningen SFB, van der Ent CK, Beekman JM. CFTR Function Restoration upon Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor Treatment in Patient-Derived Intestinal Organoids with Rare CFTR Genotypes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14539. [PMID: 37833986 PMCID: PMC10572896 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene. The combination of the CFTR modulators elexacaftor, tezacaftor, and ivacaftor (ETI) enables the effective rescue of CFTR function in people with the most prevalent F508del mutation. However, the functional restoration of rare CFTR variants remains unclear. Here, we use patient-derived intestinal organoids (PDIOs) to identify rare CFTR variants and potentially individuals with CF that might benefit from ETI. First, steady-state lumen area (SLA) measurements were taken to assess CFTR function and compare it to the level observed in healthy controls. Secondly, the forskolin-induced swelling (FIS) assay was performed to measure CFTR rescue within a lower function range, and to further compare it to ETI-mediated CFTR rescue in CFTR genotypes that have received market approval. ETI responses in 30 PDIOs harboring the F508del mutation served as reference for ETI responses of 22 PDIOs with genotypes that are not currently eligible for CFTR modulator treatment, following European Medicine Agency (EMA) and/or U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations. Our data expand previous datasets showing a correlation between in vitro CFTR rescue in organoids and corresponding in vivo ppFEV1 improvement upon a CFTR modulator treatment in published clinical trials, and suggests that the majority of individuals with rare CFTR variants could benefit from ETI. CFTR restoration was further confirmed on protein levels using Western blot. Our data support that CFTR function measurements in PDIOs with rare CFTR genotypes can help to select potential responders to ETI, and suggest that regulatory authorities need to consider providing access to treatment based on the principle of equality for people with CF who do not have access to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliet W. Lefferts
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Utrecht, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marlou C. Bierlaagh
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Kroes
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Utrecht, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Natascha D. A. Nieuwenhuijze
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Utrecht, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Centre for Living Technologies, Alliance TU/e, WUR, UU, UMC Utrecht, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Heleen N. Sonneveld van Kooten
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Utrecht, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Centre for Living Technologies, Alliance TU/e, WUR, UU, UMC Utrecht, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J. Niemöller
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Utrecht, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tibo F. Verburg
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Utrecht, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hettie M. Janssens
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Hospital Rotterdam, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Danya Muilwijk
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sam F. B. van Beuningen
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Utrecht, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Centre for Living Technologies, Alliance TU/e, WUR, UU, UMC Utrecht, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis K. van der Ent
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey M. Beekman
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Utrecht, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Centre for Living Technologies, Alliance TU/e, WUR, UU, UMC Utrecht, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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5
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Birimberg-Schwartz L, Ip W, Bartlett C, Avolio J, Vonk AM, Gunawardena T, Du K, Esmaeili M, Beekman JM, Rommens J, Strug L, Bear CE, Moraes TJ, Gonska T. Validating organoid-derived human intestinal monolayers for personalized therapy in cystic fibrosis. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201857. [PMID: 37024122 PMCID: PMC10079552 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly effective drugs modulating the defective protein encoded by the CFTR gene have revolutionized cystic fibrosis (CF) therapy. Preclinical drug-testing on human nasal epithelial (HNE) cell cultures and 3-dimensional human intestinal organoids (3D HIO) are used to address patient-specific variation in drug response and to optimize individual treatment for people with CF. This study is the first to report comparable CFTR functional responses to CFTR modulator treatment among patients with different classes of CFTR gene variants using the three methods of 2D HIO, 3D HIO, and HNE. Furthermore, 2D HIO showed good correlation to clinical outcome markers. A larger measurable CFTR functional range and access to the apical membrane were identified as advantages of 2D HIO over HNE and 3D HIO, respectively. Our study thus expands the utility of 2D intestinal monolayers as a preclinical drug testing tool for CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liron Birimberg-Schwartz
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Wan Ip
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Claire Bartlett
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Julie Avolio
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Annelotte M Vonk
- Regenerative Medicine Utrecht, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Member of ERN-LUNG, Utrecht, The Netherland
| | - Tarini Gunawardena
- Programme in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kai Du
- Programme in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mohsen Esmaeili
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jeffrey M Beekman
- Regenerative Medicine Utrecht, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Member of ERN-LUNG, Utrecht, The Netherland
| | - Johanna Rommens
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lisa Strug
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Biostatistics Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Statistical Sciences and Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christine E Bear
- Programme in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Theo J Moraes
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tanja Gonska
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
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6
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Ramalho AS, Amato F, Gentzsch M. Patient-derived cell models for personalized medicine approaches in cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2023; 22 Suppl 1:S32-S38. [PMID: 36529661 PMCID: PMC9992303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel that perturb anion transport across the epithelia of the airways and other organs. To treat cystic fibrosis, strategies that target mutant CFTR have been developed such as correctors that rescue folding and enhance transfer of CFTR to the apical membrane, and potentiators that increase CFTR channel activity. While there has been tremendous progress in development and approval of CFTR therapeutics for the most common (F508del) and several other CFTR mutations, around 10-20% of people with cystic fibrosis have rare mutations that are still without an effective treatment. In the current decade, there was an impressive evolution of patient-derived cell models for precision medicine. In cystic fibrosis, these models have played a crucial role in characterizing the molecular defects in CFTR mutants and identifying compounds that target these defects. Cells from nasal, bronchial, and rectal epithelia are most suitable to evaluate treatments that target CFTR. In vitro assays using cultures grown at an air-liquid interface or as organoids and spheroids allow the diagnosis of the CFTR defect and assessment of potential treatment strategies. An overview of currently established cell culture models and assays for personalized medicine approaches in cystic fibrosis will be provided in this review. These models allow theratyping of rare CFTR mutations with available modulator compounds to predict clinical efficacy. Besides evaluation of individual personalized responses to CFTR therapeutics, patient-derived culture models are valuable for testing responses to developmental treatments such as novel RNA- and DNA-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabela S Ramalho
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Felice Amato
- Department Of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies and CE.IN.GE - Biotecnologie Avanzate, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Gentzsch
- Marsico Lung Institute - Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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7
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Salari A, Zhou K, Nikolovska K, Seidler U, Amiri M. Human Colonoid-Myofibroblast Coculture for Study of Apical Na +/H + Exchangers of the Lower Cryptal Neck Region. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054266. [PMID: 36901695 PMCID: PMC10001859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cation and anion transport in the colonocyte apical membrane is highly spatially organized along the cryptal axis. Because of lack of experimental accessibility, information about the functionality of ion transporters in the colonocyte apical membrane in the lower part of the crypt is scarce. The aim of this study was to establish an in vitro model of the colonic lower crypt compartment, which expresses the transit amplifying/progenitor (TA/PE) cells, with accessibility of the apical membrane for functional study of lower crypt-expressed Na+/H+ exchangers (NHEs). Colonic crypts and myofibroblasts were isolated from human transverse colonic biopsies, expanded as three-dimensional (3D) colonoids and myofibroblast monolayers, and characterized. Filter-grown colonic myofibroblast-colonic epithelial cell (CM-CE) cocultures (myofibroblasts on the bottom of the transwell and colonocytes on the filter) were established. The expression pattern for ion transport/junctional/stem cell markers of the CM-CE monolayers was compared with that of nondifferentiated (EM) and differentiated (DM) colonoid monolayers. Fluorometric pHi measurements were performed to characterize apical NHEs. CM-CE cocultures displayed a rapid increase in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), paralleled by downregulation of claudin-2. They maintained proliferative activity and an expression pattern resembling TA/PE cells. The CM-CE monolayers displayed high apical Na+/H+ exchange activity, mediated to >80% by NHE2. Human colonoid-myofibroblast cocultures allow the study of ion transporters that are expressed in the apical membrane of the nondifferentiated colonocytes of the cryptal neck region. The NHE2 isoform is the predominant apical Na+/H+ exchanger in this epithelial compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Salari
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Kunyan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Katerina Nikolovska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ursula Seidler
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence: (U.S.); (M.A.); Tel.: +49-511-532-9427 (U.S.); Fax: +49-511-532-8428 (U.S.)
| | - Mahdi Amiri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence: (U.S.); (M.A.); Tel.: +49-511-532-9427 (U.S.); Fax: +49-511-532-8428 (U.S.)
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8
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Organoid Technology and Its Role for Theratyping Applications in Cystic Fibrosis. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 10:children10010004. [PMID: 36670555 PMCID: PMC9856584 DOI: 10.3390/children10010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a autosomal recessive, multisystemic disease caused by different mutations in the CFTR gene encoding CF transmembrane conductance regulator. Although symptom management is important to avoid complications, the approval of CFTR modulator drugs in the clinic has demonstrated significant improvements by targeting the primary molecular defect of CF and thereby preventing problems related to CFTR deficiency or dysfunction. CFTR modulator therapies have positively changed the patients' quality of life, especially for those who start their use at the onset of the disease. Due to early diagnosis with the implementation of newborn screening programs and considerable progress in the treatment options, nowadays pediatric mortality was dramatically reduced. In any case, the main obstacle to treat CF is to predict the drug response of patients due to genetic complexity and heterogeneity. Advances in 3D culture systems have led to the extrapolation of disease modeling and individual drug response in vitro by producing mini organs called "organoids" easily obtained from nasal and rectal mucosa biopsies. In this review, we focus primarily on patient-derived intestinal organoids used as in vitro model for CF disease. Organoids combine high-validity of outcomes with a high throughput, thus enabling CF disease classification, drug development and treatment optimization in a personalized manner.
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9
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Advances in Preclinical In Vitro Models for the Translation of Precision Medicine for Cystic Fibrosis. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12081321. [PMID: 36013270 PMCID: PMC9409685 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12081321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of preclinical in vitro models has provided significant progress to the studies of cystic fibrosis (CF), a frequently fatal monogenic disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. Numerous cell lines were generated over the last 30 years and they have been instrumental not only in enhancing the understanding of CF pathological mechanisms but also in developing therapies targeting the underlying defects in CFTR mutations with further validation in patient-derived samples. Furthermore, recent advances toward precision medicine in CF have been made possible by optimizing protocols and establishing novel assays using human bronchial, nasal and rectal tissues, and by progressing from two-dimensional monocultures to more complex three-dimensional culture platforms. These models also enable to potentially predict clinical efficacy and responsiveness to CFTR modulator therapies at an individual level. In parallel, advanced systems, such as induced pluripotent stem cells and organ-on-a-chip, continue to be developed in order to more closely recapitulate human physiology for disease modeling and drug testing. In this review, we have highlighted novel and optimized cell models that are being used in CF research to develop novel CFTR-directed therapies (or alternative therapeutic interventions) and to expand the usage of existing modulator drugs to common and rare CF-causing mutations.
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10
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Cholon DM, Gentzsch M. Established and novel human translational models to advance cystic fibrosis research, drug discovery, and optimize CFTR-targeting therapeutics. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2022; 64:102210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2022.102210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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11
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Nikolovska K, Seidler UE, Stock C. The Role of Plasma Membrane Sodium/Hydrogen Exchangers in Gastrointestinal Functions: Proliferation and Differentiation, Fluid/Electrolyte Transport and Barrier Integrity. Front Physiol 2022; 13:899286. [PMID: 35665228 PMCID: PMC9159811 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.899286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The five plasma membrane Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE) isoforms in the gastrointestinal tract are characterized by distinct cellular localization, tissue distribution, inhibitor sensitivities, and physiological regulation. NHE1 (Slc9a1) is ubiquitously expressed along the gastrointestinal tract in the basolateral membrane of enterocytes, but so far, an exclusive role for NHE1 in enterocyte physiology has remained elusive. NHE2 (Slc9a2) and NHE8 (Slc9a8) are apically expressed isoforms with ubiquitous distribution along the colonic crypt axis. They are involved in pHi regulation of intestinal epithelial cells. Combined use of a knockout mouse model, intestinal organoid technology, and specific inhibitors revealed previously unrecognized actions of NHE2 and NHE8 in enterocyte proliferation and differentiation. NHE3 (Slc9a3), expressed in the apical membrane of differentiated intestinal epithelial cells, functions as the predominant nutrient-independent Na+ absorptive mechanism in the gut. The new selective NHE3 inhibitor (Tenapanor) allowed discovery of novel pathophysiological and drug-targetable NHE3 functions in cystic-fibrosis associated intestinal obstructions. NHE4, expressed in the basolateral membrane of parietal cells, is essential for parietal cell integrity and acid secretory function, through its role in cell volume regulation. This review focuses on the expression, regulation and activity of the five plasma membrane Na+/H+ exchangers in the gastrointestinal tract, emphasizing their role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis, or their impact on disease pathogenesis. We point to major open questions in identifying NHE interacting partners in central cellular pathways and processes and the necessity of determining their physiological role in a system where their endogenous expression/activity is maintained, such as organoids derived from different parts of the gastrointestinal tract.
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12
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Nowak JK, Szymańska CJ, Walkowiak J. Differential correlation network analysis of rectal transcriptomes reveals cystic fibrosis-related disturbance. Pharmacogenomics 2022; 23:339-344. [PMID: 35189732 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2021-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Intestinal pathology in cystic fibrosis (CF) remains mechanistically underexplored. Aim: We hypothesized that differential correlation network analysis of expression data would reveal hub genes of CF-related disturbance in the large bowel. Materials & methods: Transcriptomes of 29 rectal tissue samples were accessed at ArrayExpress (E-GEOD-15568 by Stanke et al.). Results: We identified 279 transcript pairs differentially correlating in CF and controls, including: ESRRA and RPL18 (rCF = 0.55; rcontrols = -0.68; padj = 1.60 × 10-100), SRP14 and FAU (rCF = -0.69; rcontrols = 0.48; padj = 2.99 × 10-90), SRP14 and GDI2 (rCF = -0.34; rcontrols = 0.60; padj = 1.05 × 10-78). The genes related to membrane protein targeting (q = 8.34 × 10-14) and one cluster was clearly linked to male infertility. Conclusion: FAU, SRP14 and GDI2 may be involved in a compensatory protein trafficking mechanism in CF rectum, highlighting their potential therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan K Nowak
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, 60-572, Poland
| | - Cyntia J Szymańska
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, 60-572, Poland
| | - Jarosław Walkowiak
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, 60-572, Poland
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13
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Lim SH, Snider J, Birimberg‐Schwartz L, Ip W, Serralha JC, Botelho HM, Lopes‐Pacheco M, Pinto MC, Moutaoufik MT, Zilocchi M, Laselva O, Esmaeili M, Kotlyar M, Lyakisheva A, Tang P, López Vázquez L, Akula I, Aboualizadeh F, Wong V, Grozavu I, Opacak‐Bernardi T, Yao Z, Mendoza M, Babu M, Jurisica I, Gonska T, Bear CE, Amaral MD, Stagljar I. CFTR interactome mapping using the mammalian membrane two‐hybrid high‐throughput screening system. Mol Syst Biol 2022; 18:e10629. [PMID: 35156780 PMCID: PMC8842165 DOI: 10.15252/msb.202110629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) is a chloride and bicarbonate channel in secretory epithelia with a critical role in maintaining fluid homeostasis. Mutations in CFTR are associated with Cystic Fibrosis (CF), the most common lethal autosomal recessive disorder in Caucasians. While remarkable treatment advances have been made recently in the form of modulator drugs directly rescuing CFTR dysfunction, there is still considerable scope for improvement of therapeutic effectiveness. Here, we report the application of a high‐throughput screening variant of the Mammalian Membrane Two‐Hybrid (MaMTH‐HTS) to map the protein–protein interactions of wild‐type (wt) and mutant CFTR (F508del), in an effort to better understand CF cellular effects and identify new drug targets for patient‐specific treatments. Combined with functional validation in multiple disease models, we have uncovered candidate proteins with potential roles in CFTR function/CF pathophysiology, including Fibrinogen Like 2 (FGL2), which we demonstrate in patient‐derived intestinal organoids has a significant effect on CFTR functional expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyun Lim
- Donnelly Centre University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Biochemistry University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Jamie Snider
- Donnelly Centre University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Liron Birimberg‐Schwartz
- Programme in Translational Medicine The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Department of Pediatrics University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Wan Ip
- Programme in Translational Medicine The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON Canada
| | - Joana C Serralha
- Faculty of Sciences BioISI‐Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute University of Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine School of Bioscience Education King’s College London London UK
| | - Hugo M Botelho
- Faculty of Sciences BioISI‐Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute University of Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
| | - Miquéias Lopes‐Pacheco
- Faculty of Sciences BioISI‐Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute University of Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
| | - Madalena C Pinto
- Faculty of Sciences BioISI‐Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute University of Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
| | - Mohamed Taha Moutaoufik
- Department of Biochemistry, Research and Innovation Centre University of Regina Regina SK Canada
| | - Mara Zilocchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Research and Innovation Centre University of Regina Regina SK Canada
| | - Onofrio Laselva
- Department of Physiology University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Mohsen Esmaeili
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON Canada
| | - Max Kotlyar
- Osteoarthritis Research Program Division of Orthopedic Surgery Schroeder Arthritis Institute University Health Network Toronto ON Canada
- Data Science Discovery Centre for Chronic Diseases Krembil Research Institute University Health Network Toronto ON Canada
| | | | | | | | - Indira Akula
- Donnelly Centre University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | | | - Victoria Wong
- Donnelly Centre University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Ingrid Grozavu
- Donnelly Centre University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Biochemistry University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | | | - Zhong Yao
- Donnelly Centre University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Meg Mendoza
- Department of Molecular Genetics University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Mohan Babu
- Department of Biochemistry, Research and Innovation Centre University of Regina Regina SK Canada
| | - Igor Jurisica
- Osteoarthritis Research Program Division of Orthopedic Surgery Schroeder Arthritis Institute University Health Network Toronto ON Canada
- Data Science Discovery Centre for Chronic Diseases Krembil Research Institute University Health Network Toronto ON Canada
- Departments of Medical Biophysics and Computer Science University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- Institute of Neuroimmunology Slovak Academy of Sciences Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Tanja Gonska
- Programme in Translational Medicine The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Department of Pediatrics University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Christine E Bear
- Department of Biochemistry University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Physiology University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Margarida D Amaral
- Faculty of Sciences BioISI‐Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute University of Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
| | - Igor Stagljar
- Donnelly Centre University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Biochemistry University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- Mediterranean Institute for Life Sciences Split Croatia
- School of Medicine University of Split Split Croatia
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14
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Assays of CFTR Function In Vitro, Ex Vivo and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031437. [PMID: 35163362 PMCID: PMC8836180 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis, a multi-organ genetic disease, is characterized by abnormal function of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein, a chloride channel at the apical membrane of several epithelia. In recent years, therapeutic strategies have been developed to correct the CFTR defect. To evaluate CFTR function at baseline for diagnosis, or the efficacy of CFTR-restoring therapy, reliable tests are needed to measure CFTR function, in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. In vitro techniques either directly or indirectly measure ion fluxes; direct measurement of ion fluxes and quenching of fluorescence in cell-based assays, change in transmembrane voltage or current in patch clamp or Ussing chamber, swelling of CFTR-containing organoids by secondary water influx upon CFTR activation. Several cell or tissue types can be used. Ex vivo and in vivo assays similarly evaluate current (intestinal current measurement) and membrane potential differences (nasal potential difference), on tissues from individual patients. In the sweat test, the most frequently used in vivo evaluation of CFTR function, chloride concentration or stimulated sweat rate can be directly measured. Here, we will describe the currently available bio-assays for quantitative evaluation of CFTR function, their indications, advantages and disadvantages, and correlation with clinical outcome measures.
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15
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Wong SL, Awatade NT, Astore MA, Allan KM, Carnell MJ, Slapetova I, Chen PC, Capraro A, Fawcett LK, Whan RM, Griffith R, Ooi CY, Kuyucak S, Jaffe A, Waters SA. Molecular dynamics and functional characterization of I37R-CFTR lasso mutation provide insights into channel gating activity. iScience 2022; 25:103710. [PMID: 35072004 PMCID: PMC8761696 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterization of I37R, a mutation located in the lasso motif of the CFTR chloride channel, was conducted by theratyping several CFTR modulators from both potentiator and corrector classes. Intestinal current measurements in rectal biopsies, forskolin-induced swelling (FIS) in intestinal organoids, and short circuit current measurements in organoid-derived monolayers from an individual with I37R/F508del CFTR genotype demonstrated that the I37R-CFTR results in a residual function defect amenable to treatment with potentiators and type III, but not type I, correctors. Molecular dynamics of I37R using an extended model of the phosphorylated, ATP-bound human CFTR identified an altered lasso motif conformation which results in an unfavorable strengthening of the interactions between the lasso motif, the regulatory (R) domain, and the transmembrane domain 2 (TMD2). Structural and functional characterization of the I37R-CFTR mutation increases understanding of CFTR channel regulation and provides a potential pathway to expand drug access to CF patients with ultra-rare genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon L. Wong
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nikhil T. Awatade
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Miro A. Astore
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Katelin M. Allan
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael J. Carnell
- Katharina Gaus Light Microscopy Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Iveta Slapetova
- Katharina Gaus Light Microscopy Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Po-chia Chen
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alexander Capraro
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Laura K. Fawcett
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Renee M. Whan
- Katharina Gaus Light Microscopy Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Chee Y. Ooi
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Serdar Kuyucak
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Adam Jaffe
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Shafagh A. Waters
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia
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16
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Bijvelds MJC, Roos FJM, Meijsen KF, Roest HP, Verstegen MMA, Janssens HM, van der Laan LJW, de Jonge HR. Rescue of chloride and bicarbonate transport by elexacaftor-ivacaftor-tezacaftor in organoid-derived CF intestinal and cholangiocyte monolayers. J Cyst Fibros 2021; 21:537-543. [PMID: 34922851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In cystic fibrosis (CF), loss of CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)-dependent bicarbonate secretion precipitates the accumulation of viscous mucus in the lumen of respiratory and gastrointestinal epithelial tissues. We investigated whether the combination of elexacaftor (ELX), ivacaftor (IVA) and tezacaftor (TEZ), apart from its well-documented effect on chloride transport, also restores Phe508del-CFTR-mediated bicarbonate transport. METHODS Epithelial monolayers were cultured from intestinal and biliary (cholangiocyte) organoids of homozygous Phe508del-CFTR patients and controls. Transcriptome sequencing was performed, and bicarbonate and chloride transport were assessed in the presence or absence of ELX/IVA/TEZ, using the intestinal current measurement technique. RESULTS ELX/IVA/TEZ markedly enhanced bicarbonate and chloride transport across intestinal epithelium. In biliary epithelium, it failed to enhance CFTR-mediated bicarbonate transport but effectively rescued CFTR-mediated chloride transport, known to be requisite for bicarbonate secretion through the chloride-bicarbonate exchanger AE2 (SLC4A2), which was highly expressed by cholangiocytes. Biliary but not intestinal epithelial cells expressed an alternative anion channel, anoctamin-1/TMEM16A (ANO1), and secreted bicarbonate and chloride upon purinergic receptor stimulation. CONCLUSIONS ELX/IVA/TEZ has the potential to restore both chloride and bicarbonate secretion across CF intestinal and biliary epithelia and may counter luminal hyper-acidification in these tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel J C Bijvelds
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Floris J M Roos
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kelly F Meijsen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henk P Roest
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Monique M A Verstegen
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hettie M Janssens
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Luc J W van der Laan
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hugo R de Jonge
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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17
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Xia S, Bozóky Z, Di Paola M, Laselva O, Ahmadi S, Jiang JX, Pitstick AL, Jiang C, Rotin D, Mayhew CN, Jones NL, Bear CE. High-Throughput Functional Analysis of CFTR and Other Apically Localized Proteins in iPSC-Derived Human Intestinal Organoids. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123419. [PMID: 34943927 PMCID: PMC8699884 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) can be differentiated into epithelial organoids that recapitulate the relevant context for CFTR and enable testing of therapies targeting Cystic Fibrosis (CF)-causing mutant proteins. However, to date, CF-iPSC-derived organoids have only been used to study pharmacological modulation of mutant CFTR channel activity and not the activity of other disease-relevant membrane protein constituents. In the current work, we describe a high-throughput, fluorescence-based assay of CFTR channel activity in iPSC-derived intestinal organoids and describe how this method can be adapted to study other apical membrane proteins. Specifically, we show how this assay can be employed to study CFTR and ENaC channels and an electrogenic acid transporter in the same iPSC-derived intestinal tissue. This phenotypic platform promises to expand CF therapy discovery to include strategies that target multiple determinants of epithelial fluid transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Xia
- Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; (S.X.); (Z.B.); (O.L.); (J.X.J.)
- Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; (C.J.); (D.R.); (N.L.J.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Zoltán Bozóky
- Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; (S.X.); (Z.B.); (O.L.); (J.X.J.)
| | - Michelle Di Paola
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Onofrio Laselva
- Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; (S.X.); (Z.B.); (O.L.); (J.X.J.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Saumel Ahmadi
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
| | - Jia Xin Jiang
- Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; (S.X.); (Z.B.); (O.L.); (J.X.J.)
| | - Amy L. Pitstick
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (A.L.P.); (C.N.M.)
| | - Chong Jiang
- Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; (C.J.); (D.R.); (N.L.J.)
| | - Daniela Rotin
- Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; (C.J.); (D.R.); (N.L.J.)
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Christopher N. Mayhew
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (A.L.P.); (C.N.M.)
| | - Nicola L. Jones
- Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; (C.J.); (D.R.); (N.L.J.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Christine E. Bear
- Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; (S.X.); (Z.B.); (O.L.); (J.X.J.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Correspondence:
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18
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A new platform for high-throughput therapy testing on iPSC-derived lung progenitor cells from cystic fibrosis patients. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:2825-2837. [PMID: 34678210 PMCID: PMC8581165 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
For those people with cystic fibrosis carrying rare CFTR mutations not responding to currently available therapies, there is an unmet need for relevant tissue models for therapy development. Here, we describe a new testing platform that employs patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) differentiated to lung progenitor cells that can be studied using a dynamic, high-throughput fluorescence-based assay of CFTR channel activity. Our proof-of-concept studies support the potential use of this platform, together with a Canadian bioresource that contains iPSC lines and matched nasal cultures from people with rare mutations, to advance patient-oriented therapy development. Interventions identified in the high-throughput, stem cell-based model and validated in primary nasal cultures from the same person have the potential to be advanced as therapies. A Canadian resource (CFIT) has CF donor-matched iPSCs and nasal epithelial cells Lung progenitor cells (LPCs) differentiated from iPSCs express CFTR LPCs from people with rare CFTR mutations enable high-throughput therapy testing Matching nasal cultures can validate patient-specific drug responses in LPCs
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19
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Three-Dimensional Airway Spheroids and Organoids for Cystic Fibrosis Research. JOURNAL OF RESPIRATION 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/jor1040022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive multi-organ disease caused by mutations in the CF Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene, with morbidity and mortality primacy related to the lung disease. The CFTR protein, a chloride/bicarbonate channel, is expressed at the apical side of airway epithelial cells and is mainly involved in appropriate ion and fluid transport across the epithelium. Although many animal and cellular models have been developed to study the pathophysiological consequences of the lack/dysfunction of CFTR, only the three-dimensional (3D) structures termed “spheroids” and “organoids” can enable the reconstruction of airway mucosa to model organ development, disease pathophysiology, and drug screening. Airway spheroids and organoids can be derived from different sources, including adult lungs and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), each with its advantages and limits. Here, we review the major features of airway spheroids and organoids, anticipating that their potential in the CF field has not been fully shown. Further work is mandatory to understand whether they can accomplish better outcomes than other culture conditions of airway epithelial cells for CF personalized therapies and tissue engineering aims.
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20
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Kim Y, Quach A, Das S, Barrett KE. Potentiation of calcium-activated chloride secretion and barrier dysfunction may underlie EGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor-induced diarrhea. Physiol Rep 2021; 8:e14490. [PMID: 32652816 PMCID: PMC7354088 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFr TKIs) are first‐line therapies for various cancers, and cause dose‐limiting severe diarrhea in many patients. We hypothesized that diarrhea caused by EGFr TKIs might reflect actions on epithelial transport, barrier function, or both, which we tested using cell cultures including murine and human enteroid‐derived monolayers (EDMs), analyzed using electrophysiological and other relevant methods. EGFr TKIs (such as afatinib, erlotinib, and osimertinib) reversed the acute inhibitory effect of EGF on chloride secretion induced by carbachol (CCh) across T84 human colonic epithelial cells, which correlated with the diarrhea‐inducing effect of each agent clinically. EGFr TKIs also reduced transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), whereas co‐treatment with CCh delayed the decrease in TEER compared with that of cells co‐treated with EGF. Furthermore, afatinib and erlotinib prevented EGF‐ or CCh‐induced EGFr phosphorylation. EGFr TKIs also suppressed phosphorylation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (Erk)1/2 in response to EGF, whereas they had weaker effects on CCh‐induced Erk1/2 phosphorylation. In human EDMs, EGF potentiated ion transport induced by CCh, whereas afatinib reversed this effect. The ability of EGFr TKIs to reverse the effects of EGF on calcium‐dependent chloride secretion could contribute to the diarrheal side effects of these agents, and their disruption of epithelial barrier dysfunction is likely also pathophysiologically significant. CCh‐activated Erk1/2 phosphorylation was relatively insensitive to EGFr TKIs and delayed the deleterious effects of EGFr TKIs on barrier function. These findings confirm and extend those of other authors, and may be relevant to designing strategies to overcome the diarrheal side effects of EGFr TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younjoo Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Andrew Quach
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Soumita Das
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kim E Barrett
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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21
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22
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de Jonge HR, Ardelean MC, Bijvelds MJC, Vergani P. Strategies for cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator inhibition: from molecular mechanisms to treatment for secretory diarrhoeas. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:4085-4108. [PMID: 33113586 PMCID: PMC7756540 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is an unusual ABC transporter. It acts as an anion‐selective channel that drives osmotic fluid transport across many epithelia. In the gut, CFTR is crucial for maintaining fluid and acid‐base homeostasis, and its activity is tightly controlled by multiple neuro‐endocrine factors. However, microbial toxins can disrupt this intricate control mechanism and trigger protracted activation of CFTR. This results in the massive faecal water loss, metabolic acidosis and dehydration that characterize secretory diarrhoeas, a major cause of malnutrition and death of children under 5 years of age. Compounds that inhibit CFTR could improve emergency treatment of diarrhoeal disease. Drawing on recent structural and functional insight, we discuss how existing CFTR inhibitors function at the molecular and cellular level. We compare their mechanisms of action to those of inhibitors of related ABC transporters, revealing some unexpected features of drug action on CFTR. Although challenges remain, especially relating to the practical effectiveness of currently available CFTR inhibitors, we discuss how recent technological advances might help develop therapies to better address this important global health need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo R. de Jonge
- Department of Gastroenterology & HepatologyErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Maria C. Ardelean
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and PharmacologyUniversity College LondonUK
- Department of Natural SciencesUniversity College LondonUK
| | - Marcel J. C. Bijvelds
- Department of Gastroenterology & HepatologyErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Paola Vergani
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and PharmacologyUniversity College LondonUK
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23
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van Mourik P, Beekman JM, van der Ent CK. Intestinal organoids to model cystic fibrosis. Eur Respir J 2019; 54:13993003.02379-2018. [PMID: 31023844 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02379-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter van Mourik
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey M Beekman
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis K van der Ent
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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24
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Yin YB, de Jonge HR, Wu X, Yin YL. Mini-gut: a promising model for drug development. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:1784-1794. [PMID: 31212027 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Until recently, major advances in drug development have been hampered by a lack of proper cell and tissue models; but the introduction of organoid technology has revolutionized this field. At the level of the gastrointestinal tract, the so-called mini-gut comprises all major cell types of native intestine and recapitulates the composition and function of native intestinal epithelium. The mini-gut can be classified as an intestinal organoid (IO), derived from pluripotent stem cells, or as an enteroid, consisting only of epithelial cells and generated from adult stem cells. Both classifications have been used as models to develop drugs against cystic fibrosis, cancer and infectious disease, as well as for drug screening, personalized medicine and the development of new medical tools. In this review, we highlight and discuss the importance of mini-guts for drug development and point out their limitations and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Bang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hugo R de Jonge
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Xin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China; Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China.
| | - Yu-Long Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China.
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25
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Yin YB, de Jonge HR, Wu X, Yin YL. Enteroids for Nutritional Studies. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1801143. [PMID: 30883003 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201801143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nutritional studies are greatly hampered by a paucity of proper models. Previous studies on nutrition have employed conventional cell lines and animal models to gain a better understanding of the field. These models lack certain correlations with human physiological responses, which impede their applications in this field. Enteroids are cultured from intestinal stem cells and include enterocytes, enteroendocrine cells, goblet cells, Paneth cells, and stem cells, which mimic hallmarks of in vivo epithelium and support long-term culture without genetic or physiological changes. Enteroids have been used as models to study the effects of diet and nutrients on intestinal growth and development, ion and nutrient transport, secretory and absorption functions, the intestinal barrier, and location-specific functions of the intestine. In this review, the existing models for nutritional studies are discussed and the importance of enteroids as a new model for nutritional studies is highlighted. Taken together, it is suggested that enteroids can serve as a potential model system to be exploited in nutritional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Bang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015, CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hugo R de Jonge
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015, CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Xin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China
| | - Yu-Long Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China
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26
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Awatade NT, Wong SL, Hewson CK, Fawcett LK, Kicic A, Jaffe A, Waters SA. Human Primary Epithelial Cell Models: Promising Tools in the Era of Cystic Fibrosis Personalized Medicine. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1429. [PMID: 30581387 PMCID: PMC6293199 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disorder where individual disease etiology and response to therapeutic intervention is impacted by CF transmembrane regulator (CFTR) mutations and other genetic modifiers. CFTR regulates multiple mechanisms in a diverse range of epithelial tissues. In this Review, we consolidate the latest updates in the development of primary epithelial cellular model systems relevant for CF. We discuss conventional two-dimensional (2-D) airway epithelial cell cultures, the backbone of in vitro cellular models to date, as well as improved expansion protocols to overcome finite supply of the cellular source. We highlight a range of strategies for establishment of three dimensional (3-D) airway and intestinal organoid models and evaluate the limitations and potential improvements in each system, focusing on their application in CF. The in vitro CFTR functional assays in patient-derived organoids allow for preclinical pharmacotherapy screening to identify responsive patients. It is likely that organoids will be an invaluable preclinical tool to unravel disease mechanisms, design novel treatments, and enable clinicians to provide personalized management for patients with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil T. Awatade
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sharon L. Wong
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chris K. Hewson
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Laura K. Fawcett
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony Kicic
- Centre for Child Health Research, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Occupation and Environment, School of Public Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Adam Jaffe
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shafagh A. Waters
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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27
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Conese M, Beccia E, Carbone A, Castellani S, Di Gioia S, Corti F, Angiolillo A, Colombo C. The role of stem cells in cystic fibrosis disease modeling and drug discovery. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2018.1549480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Conese
- Laboratory of Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Elisa Beccia
- Laboratory of Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Annalucia Carbone
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Stefano Castellani
- Laboratory of Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Sante Di Gioia
- Laboratory of Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Fabiola Corti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Cystic Fibrosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella Angiolillo
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Carla Colombo
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Cystic Fibrosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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28
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29
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de Winter-de Groot KM, Janssens HM, van Uum RT, Dekkers JF, Berkers G, Vonk A, Kruisselbrink E, Oppelaar H, Vries R, Clevers H, Houwen RH, Escher JC, Elias SG, de Jonge HR, de Rijke YB, Tiddens HA, van der Ent CK, Beekman JM. Stratifying infants with cystic fibrosis for disease severity using intestinal organoid swelling as a biomarker of CFTR function. Eur Respir J 2018; 52:13993003.02529-2017. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02529-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Forskolin-induced swelling (FIS) of intestinal organoids from individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) measures function of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), the protein mutated in CF.We investigated whether FIS corresponds with clinical outcome parameters and biomarkers of CFTR function in 34 infants diagnosed with CF. Relationships with FIS were studied for indicators of pulmonary and gastrointestinal disease.Children with low FIS had higher levels of immunoreactive trypsinogen (p=0.030) and pancreatitis-associated protein (p=0.039), more often had pancreatic insufficiency (p<0.001), had more abnormalities on chest computed tomography (p=0.049), and had lower z-scores for maximal expiratory flow at functional residual capacity (p=0.033) when compared to children with high FIS values. FIS significantly correlated with sweat chloride concentration (SCC) and intestinal current measurement (ICM) (r= −0.82 and r=0.70, respectively; both p<0.001). Individual assessment of SCC, ICM and FIS suggested that FIS can help to classify individual disease severity.Thus, stratification by FIS identified subgroups that differed in pulmonary and gastrointestinal outcome parameters. FIS of intestinal organoids correlated well with established CFTR-dependent biomarkers such as SCC and ICM, and performed adequately at group and individual level in this proof-of-concept study.
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30
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Kaiko GE, Wark PAB. Developments in cystic fibrosis personalised epithelial assays: Science and patient perspectives. J Cyst Fibros 2018; 17:289-291. [PMID: 29661511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerard E Kaiko
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute and the University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
| | - Peter A B Wark
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute and the University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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