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Liu XY, Chen B, Zhang R, Zhang MQ, Ma YY, Han Y, Jiang JD, Zhang JP. Atorvastatin-induced intracerebral hemorrhage is inhibited by berberine in zebrafish. J Appl Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 38639436 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), for which there are currently no effective preventive or treatment methods, has a very high fatality rate. Statins, such as atorvastatin (ATV), are the first-line drugs for regulating blood lipids and treating hyperlipidemia-related cardiovascular diseases. However, ATV-associated ICH has been reported, although its incidence is rare. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective action and mechanisms of berberine (BBR) against ATV-induced brain hemorrhage. We established an ICH model in zebrafish induced by ATV (2 μM) and demonstrated the effects of BBR (10, 50, and 100 μM) on ICH via protecting the vascular network using hemocyte staining and three transgenic zebrafish. BBR was found to reduce brain inflammation and locomotion injury in ICH-zebrafish. Mechanism research showed that ATV increased the levels of VE-cadherin and occludin proteins but disturbed their localization at the cell membrane by abnormal phosphorylation, which decreased the number of intercellular junctions between vascular endothelial cells (VECs), disrupting the integrity of vascular walls. BBR reversed the effects of ATV by promoting autophagic degradation of phosphorylated VE-cadherin and occludin in ATV-induced VECs examined by co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP). These findings provide crucial insights into understanding the BBR mechanisms involved in the maintenance of vascular integrity and in mitigating adverse reactions to ATV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health Commission (NHC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health Commission (NHC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health Commission (NHC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Miao-Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health Commission (NHC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health Commission (NHC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Han
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health Commission (NHC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Dong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health Commission (NHC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Pu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health Commission (NHC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Rahman Z, Shaikh AS, Rao KV, Dandekar MP. Oxyberberine protects middle cerebral artery occlusion triggered cerebral injury through TLR4/NLRP3 pathway in rats. J Chem Neuroanat 2024; 136:102393. [PMID: 38246265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia is a life-threatening health concern that leads to severe neurological complications and fatalities worldwide. Although timely intervention with clot-removing agents curtails serious post-stroke neurological dysfunctions, no effective neuroprotective intervention is available for addressing post-recanalization neuroinflammation. Herein, for the first time we studied the effect of oxyberberine (OBB), a derivative of berberine, on transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-generated neurological consequences in Sprague-Dawley rats. The MCAO-operated rats exhibited significant somatosensory and sensorimotor dysfunctions in adhesive removal, foot fault, paw whisker, and rotarod assays at 1 and 3 days post-surgery. These MCAO-generated neurological deficits were prevented in OBB-treated (50 and 100 mg/kg) rats, and also coincided with a smaller infarct area (in 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining) and decreased neuronal death (in cresyl violet staining) in the ipsilateral hemisphere of these animals. The immunostaining of neuronal nuclear protein (NeuN) and glial-fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) also echoes the neuroprotective nature of OBB. The increased expression of neuroinflammatory and blood-brain barrier tight junction proteins like toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), TRAF-6, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), pNF-κB, nNOS, ASC, and IKBα in the ipsilateral part of MCAO-operated rats were restored to normal following OBB treatment. We also observed the decline in plasma levels/mRNA transcription of TNF-α, IL-1β, NLRP3, IL-6, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 and increased expression of occludin and claudin in OBB-treated rats. These outcomes imply that OBB may prevent the MCAO-induced neurological consequences and neuroinflammation by interfering with TLR4 and NLRP3 signaling in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziaur Rahman
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Arbaz Sujat Shaikh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - K Venkata Rao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Manoj P Dandekar
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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Ayaz M, Mosa OF, Nawaz A, Hamdoon AAE, Elkhalifa MEM, Sadiq A, Ullah F, Ahmed A, Kabra A, Khan H, Murthy HCA. Neuroprotective potentials of Lead phytochemicals against Alzheimer's disease with focus on oxidative stress-mediated signaling pathways: Pharmacokinetic challenges, target specificity, clinical trials and future perspectives. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 124:155272. [PMID: 38181530 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's diseases (AD) and dementia are among the highly prevalent neurological disorders characterized by deposition of beta amyloid (Aβ) plaques, dense deposits of highly phosphorylated tau proteins, insufficiency of acetylcholine (ACh) and imbalance in glutamatergic system. Patients typically experience cognitive, behavioral alterations and are unable to perform their routine activities. Evidence also suggests that inflammatory processes including excessive microglia activation, high expression of inflammatory cytokines and release of free radicals. Thus, targeting inflammatory pathways beside other targets might be the key factors to control- disease symptoms and progression. PURPOSE This review is aimed to highlight the mechanisms and pathways involved in the neuroprotective potentials of lead phytochemicals. Further to provide updates regarding challenges associated with their use and their progress into clinical trials as potential lead compounds. METHODS Most recent scientific literature on pre-clinical and clinical data published in quality journals especially on the lead phytochemicals including curcumin, catechins, quercetin, resveratrol, genistein and apigenin was collected using SciFinder, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, JSTOR, EBSCO, Scopus and other related web sources. RESULTS Literature review indicated that the drug discovery against AD is insufficient and only few drugs are clinically approved which have limited efficacy. Among the therapeutic options, natural products have got tremendous attraction owing to their molecular diversity, their safety and efficacy. Research suggest that natural products can delay the disease onset, reduce its progression and regenerate the damage via their anti-amyloid, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potentials. These agents regulate the pathways involved in the release of neurotrophins which are implicated in neuronal survival and function. Highly potential lead phytochemicals including curcumin, catechins, quercetin, resveratrol, genistein and apigenin regulate neuroprotective signaling pathways implicated in neurotrophins-mediated activation of tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) and p75 neurotrophins receptor (p75NTR) family receptors. CONCLUSIONS Phytochemicals especially phenolic compounds were identified as highly potential molecules which ameliorate oxidative stress induced neurodegeneration, reduce Aβ load and inhibit vital enzymes. Yet their clinical efficacy and bioavailability are the major challenges which need further interventions for more effective therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18000 Dir (L), KP, Pakistan.
| | - Osama F Mosa
- Public health Department, Health Sciences College at Lieth, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, KSA
| | - Asif Nawaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18000 Dir (L), KP, Pakistan
| | - Alashary Adam Eisa Hamdoon
- Public health Department, Health Sciences College at Lieth, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, KSA; University of Khartoum, Faculty of Public and Environmental Health, Sudan
| | - Modawy Elnour Modawy Elkhalifa
- Public health Department, Health Sciences College at Lieth, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, KSA; University of Khartoum, Faculty of Public and Environmental Health, Sudan
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18000 Dir (L), KP, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18000 Dir (L), KP, Pakistan
| | - Alshebli Ahmed
- Public health Department, Health Sciences College at Lieth, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, KSA; University of Khartoum, Faculty of Public and Environmental Health, Sudan
| | - Atul Kabra
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - H C Ananda Murthy
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, P O Box 1888, Adama, Ethiopia; Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and technical science (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai-600077, Tamil Nadu, India
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Zhang Q, Jiang Q, Sa K, Liang J, Sun D, Li H, Chen L. Research progress of plant-derived natural alkaloids in central nervous system diseases. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4885-4907. [PMID: 37455555 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disease is one of the most important causes of human death. Because of their complex pathogenesis, more and more attention has been paid to them. At present, drug treatment of the CNS is the main means; however, most drugs only relieve symptoms, and some have certain toxicity and side effects. Natural compounds derived from plants can provide safer and more effective alternatives. Alkaloids are common nitrogenous basic organic compounds found in nature, which exist widely in many kinds of plants and have unique application value in modern medicine. For example, Galantamine and Huperzine A from medicinal plants are widely used drugs on the market to treat Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, the main purpose of this review is to provide the available information on natural alkaloids with the activity of treating central nervous system diseases in order to explore the trends and perspectives for the further study of central nervous system drugs. In this paper, 120 alkaloids with the potential effect of treating central nervous system diseases are summarized from the aspects of sources, structure types, mechanism of action and structure-activity relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qinghua Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kuiru Sa
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junming Liang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dejuan Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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Luo D, Yu B, Sun S, Chen B, Harkare HV, Wang L, Pan J, Huang B, Song Y, Ma T, Shi S. Effects of adjuvant berberine therapy on acute ischemic stroke: A meta-analysis. Phytother Res 2023; 37:3820-3838. [PMID: 37421347 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the clinical efficacy of berberine (BBR) in treating acute ischemic stroke (AIS), explore its anti-inflammatory effects, and assess its potential applications for AIS patients. We comprehensively searched nine databases from inception until July 1, 2022, to identify clinical trials investigating the use of BBR in treating AIS. We performed statistical analyses using RevMan5.4 software and focused on primary outcomes such as inflammatory markers as well as secondary outcomes including immune system indicators, relevant biomarkers, carotid artery atherosclerosis, and adverse reactions. Our analysis included data from 17 clinical trials involving 1670 patients with AIS. Our results revealed that BBR in combination with conventional treatment significantly reduced levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), complement C3, hypoxic inducible factor-1 α (HIF-1α), cysteine protease-3 (Caspase-3), the national institutes of health stroke scale (NIHSS), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), the number of unstable plaques, and carotid crouse score on ultrasound when compared with conventional treatment alone. Furthermore, combining BBR with conventional treatment may improve the overall effective rate. Therefore, our findings suggest that BBR can be used as an adjuvant therapy for AIS due to its ability to reduce inflammatory cytokine levels, providing a novel therapeutic option for AIS. However, larger randomized controlled trials are necessary to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Baili Yu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shoukai Sun
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bonan Chen
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Harsh Vivek Harkare
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Longlong Wang
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jie Pan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Bin Huang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Song
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianhong Ma
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shihua Shi
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Zheng T, Jiang T, Huang Z, Ma H, Wang M. Role of traditional Chinese medicine monomers in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury:a review of the mechanism. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1220862. [PMID: 37654609 PMCID: PMC10467294 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1220862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a pathological process wherein reperfusion of an ischemic organ or tissue exacerbates the injury, posing a significant health threat and economic burden to patients and their families. I/R triggers a multitude of physiological and pathological events, such as inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, neuronal cell death, and disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Hence, the development of effective therapeutic strategies targeting the pathological processes resulting from I/R is crucial for the rehabilitation and long-term enhancement of the quality of life in patients with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI). Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) monomers refer to bioactive compounds extracted from Chinese herbal medicine, possessing anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects, and the ability to modulate programmed cell death (PCD). TCM monomers have emerged as promising candidates for the treatment of CIRI and its subsequent complications. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that TCM monomers can enhance the recovery of neurological function following CIRI by mitigating oxidative stress, suppressing inflammatory responses, reducing neuronal cell death and functional impairment, as well as minimizing cerebral infarction volume. The neuroprotective effects of TCM monomers on CIRI have been extensively investigated, and a comprehensive understanding of their mechanisms can pave the way for novel approaches to I/R treatment. This review aims to update and summarize evidence of the protective effects of TCMs in CIRI, with a focus on their role in modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, PCD, glutamate excitotoxicity, Ca2+ overload, as well as promoting blood-brain barrier repairment and angiogenesis. The main objective is to underscore the significant contribution of TCM monomers in alleviating CIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Manxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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Pereira JF, de Sousa Neves JC, Fonteles AA, Bezerra JR, Pires RC, da Silva ATA, Lima FAV, Neves KRT, Oriá RB, de Barros Viana GS, Tavares J, de Sousa Nascimento T, Oliveira AV, Parente ACB, Gomes JMP, de Andrade GM. Palmatine, a natural alkaloid, attenuates memory deficits and neuroinflammation in mice submitted to permanent focal cerebral ischemia. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 381:578131. [PMID: 37413943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the major causes of human morbidity and mortality. The pathophysiology of ischemic stroke involves complex events, including oxidative stress and inflammation, that lead to neuronal loss and cognitive deficits. Palmatine (PAL) is a naturally occurring (Coptidis rhizome) isoquinoline alkaloid that belongs to the class of protoberberines and has a wide spectrum of pharmacological and biological effects. In the present study, we evaluated the impact of Palmatine on neuronal damage, memory deficits, and inflammatory response in mice submitted to permanent focal cerebral ischemia induced by middle cerebral artery (pMCAO) occlusion. The animals were treated with Palmatine (0.2, 2 and 20 mg/kg/day, orally) or vehicle (3% Tween + saline solution) 2 h after pMCAO once daily for 3 days. Cerebral ischemia was confirmed by evaluating the infarct area (TTC staining) and neurological deficit score 24 h after pMCAO. Treatment with palmatine (2 and 20 mg/kg) reduced infarct size and neurological deficits and prevented working and aversive memory deficits in ischemic mice. Palmatine, at a dose of 2 mg/kg, had a similar effect of reducing neuroinflammation 24 h after cerebral ischemia, decreasing TNF-, iNOS, COX-2, and NF- κB immunoreactivities and preventing the activation of microglia and astrocytes. Moreover, palmatine (2 mg/kg) reduced COX-2, iNOS, and IL-1β immunoreactivity 96 h after pMCAO. The neuroprotective properties of palmatine make it an excellent adjuvant treatment for strokes due to its inhibition of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Fernandes Pereira
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Brazil, Rua Professor Costa Mendes, 1608, 60.430-140 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Juliana Catharina de Sousa Neves
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1127, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Analu Aragão Fonteles
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1127, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Rabelo Bezerra
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1127, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Neuroscience and Behavior Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1000, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Rayssa Costa Pires
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1127, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ana Thais Araújo da Silva
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Brazil, Rua Professor Costa Mendes, 1608, 60.430-140 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Neuroscience and Behavior Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1000, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Francisco Arnaldo Viana Lima
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1127, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Kelly Rose Tavares Neves
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1127, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo Barreto Oriá
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Brazil, Rua Professor Costa Mendes, 1608, 60.430-140 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Glauce Socorro de Barros Viana
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1127, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Neuroscience and Behavior Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1000, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Juliete Tavares
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Brazil, Rua Professor Costa Mendes, 1608, 60.430-140 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Neuroscience and Behavior Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1000, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Tyciane de Sousa Nascimento
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Brazil, Rua Professor Costa Mendes, 1608, 60.430-140 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Neuroscience and Behavior Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1000, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Alfaete Vieira Oliveira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1127, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Neuroscience and Behavior Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1000, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ana Caroline Barros Parente
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Brazil, Rua Professor Costa Mendes, 1608, 60.430-140 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Neuroscience and Behavior Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1000, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Jessica Maria Pessoa Gomes
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Brazil, Rua Professor Costa Mendes, 1608, 60.430-140 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Neuroscience and Behavior Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1000, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Geanne Matos de Andrade
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Brazil, Rua Professor Costa Mendes, 1608, 60.430-140 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1127, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Neuroscience and Behavior Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceara, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1000, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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Hajipour S, Farbood Y, Dianat M, Nesari A, Sarkaki A. Effect of Berberine against Cognitive Deficits in Rat Model of Thioacetamide-Induced Liver Cirrhosis and Hepatic Encephalopathy (Behavioral, Biochemical, Molecular and Histological Evaluations). Brain Sci 2023; 13:944. [PMID: 37371422 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13060944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cirrhosis (LC) is one of the chronic liver diseases with high disability and mortality accompanying hepatic encephalopathy (HE) followed by cognitive dysfunctions. In this work, the effect of berberine (Ber) on spatial cognition was studied in a rat model of LC induced by thioacetamide (TAA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were divided into six groups: (1) control; (2) TAA, 200 mg/kg/day, i.p.; (3-5) TAA + Ber; received Ber (10, 30, and 60 mg/kg, i.p., daily after last TAA injection); (6) Dizocilpine (MK-801) + TAA, received MK-801 (2 mg/kg/day, i.p.) 30 m before TAA injection. The spatial memory, BBB permeability, brain edema, liver enzymes, urea, serum and brain total bilirubin, oxidative stress and cytokine markers in the hippocampus were measured. Furthermore, a histological examination of the hippocampus was carried out. RESULTS The BBB permeability, brain edema, liver enzymes, urea, total bilirubin levels in serum and hippocampal MDA and TNF-α increased significantly after TAA injection (p < 0.001); the spatial memory was impaired (p < 0.001), and hippocampal IL-10 decreased (p < 0.001). Ber reversed all the above parameters significantly (p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001). MK-801 prevented the development of LC via TAA (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Results showed that Ber improves spatial learning and memory in TAA-induced LC by improving the BBB function, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Ber might be a promising therapeutic agent for cognitive improvement in LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Hajipour
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
| | - Yaghoob Farbood
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Medicine Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
| | - Mahin Dianat
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Medicine Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
| | - Ali Nesari
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
| | - Alireza Sarkaki
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
- National Institute for Medical Research Development "NIMAD", Tehran 1419693111, Iran
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9
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Ramakrishna K, Sinku S, Majumdar S, Singh N, Gajendra TA, Rani A, Krishnamurthy S. Indole-3-carbinol ameliorated the thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy in rats. Toxicology 2023; 492:153542. [PMID: 37150287 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) is reported to have hepatic and neuroprotective properties. However, the I3C role in the protection of the liver and brain in the pathological condition of hepatic encephalopathy has not been investigated. Therefore, in the present study, we have assessed the hepatic and neuroprotective roles of I3C against thioacetamide (TAA)- induced hepatic encephalopathy in Wistar rats. TAA (300mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered to Wistar rats to induce hepatic encephalopathy. The elevated levels of ammonia in the blood, liver, and brain were substantially lowered by I3C treatment (25, 50, and 100mg/kg, oral, 7 days). I3C significantly ameliorated the TAA-induced liver dysfunction by decreasing the alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase enzymes and reduced the elevated cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) activity in the liver and brain. Further, I3C alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in the brain. I3C treatment improved the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 while reducing inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-1 and IL-6 in hepatic encephalopathy rats. I3C reduced the levels of apoptotic indicators mediated by the mitochondria, including cytochrome c, caspase 9, and caspase 3. Concurrently, I3C mitigated the liver and brain histological abnormalities in hepatic encephalopathy rats. Therefore, the present study concluded that the I3C protected the liver and brain from TAA-induced hepatic encephalopathy injury by inhibiting CYP2E1 enzyme activity and decreasing ammonia, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. The present study provides preclinical validation of I3C use as hepatic and neuroprotective for hepatic encephalopathy management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kakarla Ramakrishna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University (IIT BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sangeetha Sinku
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University (IIT BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shreyasi Majumdar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University (IIT BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neha Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University (IIT BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - T A Gajendra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University (IIT BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Asha Rani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University (IIT BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sairam Krishnamurthy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University (IIT BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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10
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Yang L, Zhu W, Zhang X, Zhou X, Wu W, Shen T. Efficacy and safety of berberine for several cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 112:154716. [PMID: 36805484 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berberine has been widely used for the adjuvant therapy of several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, evidence for its efficacy remains controversial. PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of berberine in CVDs. STUDY DESIGN A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS We searched ten electronic databases for articles from inception to December 23, 2022. RCTs comparing berberine alone or combined with statins versus statins or routine for CVDs were included. Meta-analysis was performed according to the Cochrane Handbook. RESULTS Forty-four RCTs were included with 4606 patients. There were no differences between berberine alone and routine or statins in improving total cholesterol (TC) (SMD, 0.43; 95% CI, -0.39 to 1.24; p = 0.30; I2 = 95%), triglyceride (TG) (SMD, -0.14; 95% CI, -0.49 to 0.21; p = 0.44; I2 = 76%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (SMD, 0.69; 95% CI, -0.23 to 1.60; p = 0.14; I2 = 96%), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (SMD, 0.55; 95% CI, -0.48 to 1.57; p = 0.30; I2 = 96%), and Crouse score levels. Berberine alone significantly reduced National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and intima-media thickness (IMT) levels than routine therapy. Berberine plus statins significantly reduced TC, TG, LDL-C, NIHSS score, hs-CRP, TNF-α, IMT, Crouse score, and number of unstable plaques levels than routine or statins. However, no differences were found between groups in improving HDL-C and IL-6 levels. There were no significant differences between groups in the incidence of adverse reactions. CONCLUSION This study suggests that berberine may be a promising alternative for CVDs with no serious adverse reactions. However, our results may be limited by the quality of existing research. High-quality RCTs are needed to provide more convinced evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenyu Zhu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenbin Wu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Tao Shen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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11
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Ge PY, Qu SY, Ni SJ, Yao ZY, Qi YY, Zhao X, Guo R, Yang NY, Zhang QC, Zhu HX. Berberine ameliorates depression-like behavior in CUMS mice by activating TPH1 and inhibiting IDO1-associated with tryptophan metabolism. Phytother Res 2023; 37:342-357. [PMID: 36089660 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Berberine, which is a potential antidepressant, exhibits definite efficiency in modulating the gut microbiota. Depressive behaviors in mice induced using chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) stimulation were evaluated by behavioral experiments. The markers of neurons and synapses were measured using immunohistochemical staining. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was adopted to analyze serum inflammatory cytokines levels and neurotransmitters were evaluated by LC-MS/MS. Untargeted metabolomics of tryptophan metabolism was further performed using LC-MS/MS. The target enzymes of berberine involved in tryptophan metabolism were assayed using AutoDock and GRMACS softwares. Then, antibiotics was utilized to induce intestinal flora disturbance. Berberine improved the depressive behaviors of mice in a microbiota-dependent manner. Increased neurons and synaptic plasticity were observed following berberine treatment. Meanwhile, berberine decreased serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-4 and increased levels of IL-10. Moreover, berberine induced retraction of the abnormal neurotransmitters and metabolomics assays revealed that berberine promoted tryptophan biotransformation into serotonin and inhibited the kynurenine metabolism pathway, which was attributed to the potential agonist of tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 1 (TPH1) and inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1). In conclusion, berberine improves depressive symptoms in CUMS-stimulated mice by targeting both TPH1 and IDO1, which are involved in tryptophan metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Yuan Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu-Yue Qu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Sai-Jia Ni
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zeng-Ying Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi-Yu Qi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Guo
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Nian-Yun Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi-Chun Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua-Xu Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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12
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Yu CC, Liu LB, Chen SY, Wang XF, Wang L, Du YJ. Ancient Chinese Herbal Recipe Huanglian Jie Du Decoction for Ischemic Stroke: An Overview of Current Evidence. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1733-1744. [PMID: 36465168 PMCID: PMC9662271 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a major cause of mortality and neurological morbidity worldwide. The underlying pathophysiology of ischemic stroke is highly complicated and correlates with various pathological processes, including neuroinflammation, oxidative stress injury, altered cell apoptosis and autophagy, excitotoxicity, and acidosis. The current treatment for ischemic stroke is limited to thrombolytic therapy such as recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. However, tissue plasminogen activator is limited by a very narrow therapeutic time window (<4.5 hours), selective efficacy, and hemorrhagic complication. Hence, the development of novel therapies to prevent ischemic damage to the brain is urgent. Chinese herbal medicine has a long history in treating stroke and its sequela. In the past decades, extensive studies have focused on the neuroprotective effects of Huanglian Jie Du decoction (HLJDD), an ancient and classical Chinese herbal formula that can treat a wide spectrum of disorders including ischemic stroke. In this review, the current evidence of HLJDD and its bioactive components for ischemic stroke is comprehensively reviewed, and their potential application directions in ischemic stroke management are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Chao Yu
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Le-Bin Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Rongjun Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Shi-Yuan Chen
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiao-Fei Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Li Wang
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Yan-Jun Du
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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13
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Islam F, Islam MM, Khan Meem AF, Nafady MH, Islam MR, Akter A, Mitra S, Alhumaydhi FA, Emran TB, Khusro A, Simal-Gandara J, Eftekhari A, Karimi F, Baghayeri M. Multifaceted role of polyphenols in the treatment and management of neurodegenerative diseases. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:136020. [PMID: 35985383 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are conditions that cause neuron structure and/or function to deteriorate over time. Genetic alterations may be responsible for several NDDs. However, a multitude of physiological systems can trigger neurodegeneration. Several NDDs, such as Huntington's, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's, are assigned to oxidative stress (OS). Low concentrations of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are crucial for maintaining normal brain activities, as their increasing concentrations can promote neural apoptosis. OS-mediated neurodegeneration has been linked to several factors, including notable dysfunction of mitochondria, excitotoxicity, and Ca2+ stress. However, synthetic drugs are commonly utilized to treat most NDDs, and these treatments have been known to have side effects during treatment. According to providing empirical evidence, studies have discovered many occurring natural components in plants used to treat NDDs. Polyphenols are often safer and have lesser side effects. As, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, resveratrol, curcumin, quercetin, celastrol, berberine, genistein, and luteolin have p-values less than 0.05, so they are typically considered to be statistically significant. These polyphenols could be a choice of interest as therapeutics for NDDs. This review highlighted to discusses the putative effectiveness of polyphenols against the most prevalent NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mohaimenul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Atkia Farzana Khan Meem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Mohamed H Nafady
- Faculty of Applied Health Science Technology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, 12568, Egypt
| | - Md Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Aklima Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh; Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, 4381, Bangladesh.
| | - Ameer Khusro
- Department of Biotechnology, Hindustan College of Arts & Science, Padur, OMR, Chennai, 603103, India; Centre for Research and Development, Department of Biotechnology, Hindustan College of Arts & Science, Padur, OMR, Chennai, 603103, India
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E32004, Ourense, Spain.
| | - Aziz Eftekhari
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Karimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Baghayeri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hakim Sabzevari University, PO. Box 397, Sabzevar, Iran.
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14
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Tian Y, Zheng Y, Wang Q, Yan F, Tao Z, Zhao F, Wang Y, Huang Y, Li F, Du Y, Wang N, Luo Y. Berberine Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment by Regulating Microglial Polarization and Increasing Expression of Anti-inflammatory Factors following Permanent Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Rats. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2022; 21:869-879. [PMID: 35142272 DOI: 10.2174/1871527321666220124140323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is associated with vascular cognitive impairment, and there are no specific therapeutic agents for use in clinical practice. Berberine has demonstrated good neuroprotective effects in models of acute cerebral ischemia; however, whether it can alleviate cognitive impairment caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion has rarely been investigated. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to explore the mechanism by which berberine alleviates cognitive impairment resulting from chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. METHODS Forty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham, model, and berberine. The models of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion were established via permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO). Cognitive function was evaluated using the Morris water maze, while neuronal damage and microglial activation and polarization were evaluated using western blotting and immunofluorescence, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to detect the expression of anti-inflammatory factors including interleukin- 4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10). RESULTS Rats exhibited cognitive dysfunction after BCCAO, which was significantly attenuated following the berberine intervention. Levels of synaptophysin and NeuN were decreased in states of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, during which microglial activation and a transition from the M2 to M1 phenotype were observed. Berberine treatment also significantly reversed these features. Moreover, levels of IL-4 and IL-10 expression increased significantly after berberine treatment. CONCLUSION Berberine may mitigate vascular cognitive dysfunction by promoting neuronal plasticity, inhibiting microglial activation, promoting transformation from an M1 to an M2 phenotype, and increasing levels of IL-4 and IL-10 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Tian
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Yangmin Zheng
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Tao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Zhao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyou Huang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengjuan Li
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yitong Du
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ningqun Wang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yumin Luo
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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15
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Expatiating the Pharmacological and Nanotechnological Aspects of the Alkaloidal Drug Berberine: Current and Future Trends. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123705. [PMID: 35744831 PMCID: PMC9229453 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Traditionally, herbal compounds have been the focus of scientific interest for the last several centuries, and continuous research into their medicinal potential is underway. Berberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from plants that possess a broad array of medicinal properties, including anti-diarrheal, anti-fibrotic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, antihyperlipidemic, antihypertensive, antiarrhythmic, antidepressant, and anxiolytic effects, and is frequently utilized as a traditional Chinese medicine. BBR promotes metabolisms of glucose and lipids by activating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, stimulating glycolysis and inhibiting functions of mitochondria; all of these ameliorate type 2 diabetes mellitus. BBR has also been shown to have benefits in congestive heart failure, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and polycystic ovary syndrome. BBR has been investigated as an interesting pharmacophore with the potential to contribute significantly to the research and development of novel therapeutic medicines for a variety of disorders. Despite its enormous therapeutic promise, the clinical application of this alkaloid was severely limited because of its unpleasant pharmacokinetic characteristics. Poor bioavailability, limited absorption, and poor water solubility are some of the obstacles that restricted its use. Nanotechnology has been suggested as a possible solution to these problems. The present review aims at recent updates on important therapeutic activities of BBR and different types of nanocarriers used for the delivery of BBR in different diseases.
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16
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Cheng Z, Kang C, Che S, Su J, Sun Q, Ge T, Guo Y, Lv J, Sun Z, Yang W, Li B, Li X, Cui R. Berberine: A Promising Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:845591. [PMID: 35668943 PMCID: PMC9164284 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.845591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine, as a natural alkaloid compound, is characterized by a diversity of pharmacological effects. In recent years, many researches focused on the role of berberine in central nervous system diseases. Among them, the effect of berberine on neurodegenerative diseases has received widespread attention, for example Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and so on. Recent evidence suggests that berberine inhibits the production of neuroinflammation, oxidative, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. These effects can further reduce neuron damage and apoptosis. Although the current research has made some progress, its specific mechanism still needs to be further explored. This review provides an overview of berberine in neurodegenerative diseases and its related mechanisms, and also provides new ideas for future research on berberine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqian Cheng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chenglan Kang
- Department of Cardiology, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Songtian Che
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingyun Su
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qihan Sun
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tongtong Ge
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiayin Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhihui Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bingjin Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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17
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Ni SJ, Yao ZY, Wei X, Heng X, Qu SY, Zhao X, Qi YY, Ge PY, Xu CP, Yang NY, Cao Y, Zhu HX, Guo R, Zhang QC. Vagus nerve stimulated by microbiota-derived hydrogen sulfide mediates the regulation of berberine on microglia in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion rats. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2964-2981. [PMID: 35583808 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Amelioration of neuroinflammation via modulating microglia is a promising approach for cerebral ischemia therapy. The aim of the present study was to explore gut-brain axis signals in berberine-modulating microglia polarization following cerebral ischemia. The potential pathway was determined through analyzing the activation of the vagus nerve, hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) metabolism, and cysteine persulfides of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptor. The cerebral microenvironment feature was explored with a metabolomics assay. The data indicated that berberine ameliorated behavioral deficiency in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion rats through modulating microglia polarization and neuroinflammation depending on microbiota. Enhanced vagus nerve activity following berberine treatment was blocked by antibiotic cocktails, capsazepine, or sodium molybdate, respectively. Berberine-induced H2 S production was responsible for vagus nerve stimulation achieved through assimilatory and dissimilatory sulfate reduction with increased synthetic enzymes. Sulfation of the TRPV1 receptor resulted in vagus nerve activation and promoted the c-fos and ChAT in the nucleus tractus solitaries with berberine. Sphingolipid metabolism is the primary metabolic characteristic with berberine in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebral spinal fluid disrupted by antibiotics. Berberine, in conclusion, modulates microglia polarization in a microbiota-dependent manner. H2 S stimulates the vagus nerve through TRPV1 is responsible for the berberine-induced gut-brain axis signal transmission. Sphingolipid metabolism might mediate the neuroinflammation amelioration following vagus afferent fiber activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai-Jia Ni
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zeng-Ying Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaotong Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xia Heng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu-Yue Qu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi-Yu Qi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping-Yuan Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Cai-Ping Xu
- Nanjing Sinolife Bio-tech Co., Ltd, Nanjing, China
| | - Nian-Yun Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Institute of Literature in Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua-Xu Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Guo
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi-Chun Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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18
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Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Properties of Indole-3-carbinol in Experimental Focal Ischemic Injury. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2022; 47:593-605. [PMID: 35482227 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-022-00771-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) is reported to have neuroprotective properties in an animal model of ischemic stroke. However, the pharmacokinetics of I3C in stroke animals are unknown. Furthermore, the most effective method of I3C delivery for the treatment of stroke has yet to be determined. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of I3C to discover the most effective delivery route for protecting the brain from ischemic injury. METHODS With oral and intravenous administration, the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of I3C in sham and middle cerebral artery occluded (MCAO) rats were investigated. RESULTS I3C administration in sham and MCAO rats did not alter the pharmacokinetic parameters such as maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), time to reach Cmax, half-life, area under the curve, mean residential time, volume of distribution, clearance, bioavailability, and tissue distribution. A higher amount of diindolylmethane (DIM) was observed with oral administration of I3C compared to intravenous administration in the plasma (5 fold), brain (4 fold), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (2-3 fold). Orally delivered I3C significantly reduced neurological deficits, brain infarction (20%), blood-brain barrier leakage (15 μg/g), and brain water content (75%) in MCAO rats compared to intravenous administration of I3C. CONCLUSIONS I3C pharmacokinetic parameters were similar in sham and MCAO rats, but I3C and DIM penetration in the brain and CSF was significantly higher in MCAO rats than in sham animals, and I3C oral intake significantly reduced MCAO-induced neurological impairments. Consequently, compared to intravenous treatment, I3C oral delivery is more effective in treating ischemic stroke.
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Yang C, Zhao Q, Yang S, Wang L, Xu X, Li L, Al-Jamal WT. Intravenous Administration of Scutellarin Nanoparticles Augments the Protective Effect against Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:1410-1421. [PMID: 35441510 PMCID: PMC9066406 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
![]()
This
study investigates the protective effect of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with
scutellarin (SCU), a flavone isolated from the traditional Chinese
medicineErigeron breviscapus (Vant.)
Hand.-Mazz., in reducing cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in vivo. The focal cerebral I/R injury model was established
by occluding the middle cerebral artery for 1 h in male Sprague-Dawley
(SD) rats. Our SCU-PLGA NPs exhibited an extended in vitro release profile and prolonged blood circulation in rats with cerebral
ischemia. More importantly, when administered intravenously once a
day for 3 days, SCU-PLGA NPs increased the SCU level in the ischemic
brain, compared to free SCU, resulting in a significant reduction
of the cerebral infarct volume after cerebral I/R. Furthermore, SCU-PLGA
NPs reversed the histopathological changes caused by cerebral I/R
injury, as well as attenuated cell apoptosis in the brain tissue,
as confirmed by hematoxylin and eosin, and TUNEL staining. Our findings
have revealed that our injectable SCU-PLGA NPs provide promising protective
effects against cerebral I/R injury, which could be used in combination
with the existing conventional thrombolytic therapies to improve stroke
management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants/ Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China.,Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China.,School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Qing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants/ Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China.,Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Shanshan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants/ Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China.,Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Libin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants/ Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China.,Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Xingyuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants/ Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China.,Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Lisu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants/ Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China.,Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Wafa T Al-Jamal
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
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20
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Shou JW, Shaw PC. Therapeutic Efficacies of Berberine against Neurological Disorders: An Update of Pharmacological Effects and Mechanisms. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050796. [PMID: 35269418 PMCID: PMC8909195 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders are ranked as the leading cause of disability and the second leading cause of death worldwide, underscoring an urgent necessity to develop novel pharmacotherapies. Berberine (BBR) is a well-known phytochemical isolated from a number of medicinal herbs. BBR has attracted much interest for its broad range of pharmacological actions in treating and/or managing neurological disorders. The discoveries in basic and clinical studies of the effects of BBR on neurological disorders in the last decade have provided novel evidence to support the potential therapeutical efficacies of BBR in treating neurological diseases. In this review, we summarized the pharmacological properties and therapeutic applications of BBR against neurological disorders in the last decade. We also emphasized the major pathways modulated by BBR, which provides firm evidence for BBR as a promising drug candidate for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wen Shou
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 852852, China;
| | - Pang-Chui Shaw
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 852852, China;
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R&D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 852852, China
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants and Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 852852, China
- Correspondence:
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21
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Wu X, Liu X, Yang L, Wang Y. Berberine Protects against Neurological Impairments and Blood-Brain Barrier Injury in Mouse Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Neuroimmunomodulation 2022; 29:317-326. [PMID: 34942622 DOI: 10.1159/000520747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC1α) signaling can suppress intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)-induced neurological impairments. As an isoquinoline alkaloid, Berberine exerts neuroprotective effects in neurological disease models with activated AMPK/PGC1α signaling. AIM We aim to study the effect of Berberine on ICH-induced brain injury and explore the potential molecular mechanism. METHODS ICH model was established in mice through intracerebral injection of autologous whole blood, followed by treatment with Berberine. Neurological impairments were assessed by the modified neurological severity score and behavioral assays. Brain edema and blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity were assessed by water content in the brain, amount of extravasated Evans blue, and BBB tight junction components. Neuroinflammatory responses were assessed by inflammatory cytokine levels. AMPK/PGC1α signaling was examined by AMPK mRNA expression and phosphorylated AMPK and PGC1α protein levels. RESULTS Berberine (200 mg/kg) attenuated ICH-induced neurological deficits, motor and cognitive impairment, and BBB disruption. Berberine also suppressed ICH-induced inflammatory responses indicated by reduced production of inflammatory cytokines. Finally, Berberine drastically elevated AMPK/PGC1α signaling in the hemisphere of ICH mice. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that Berberine plays an important neuroprotective role against ICH-induced neurological impairments and BBB injury, probably by inhibition of inflammation and activation of AMPK/PGC1α signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuwen Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaopeng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuanyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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22
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Anwar H, Rasul A, Iqbal J, Ahmad N, Imran A, Malik SA, Ijaz F, Akram R, Maqbool J, Sajid F, Sun T, Hussain G, Manzoor MF. Dietary biomolecules as promising regenerative agents for peripheral nerve injury: An emerging nutraceutical-based therapeutic approach. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13989. [PMID: 34719796 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve damage is a debilitating condition that can result in partial or complete functional loss as a result of axonal degeneration, as well as lifelong dependence. Many therapies have been imbued with a plethora of positive features while posing little risks. It is worth noting that these biomolecules work by activating several intrinsic pathways that are known to be important in peripheral nerve regeneration. Although the underlying mechanism is used for accurate and speedy functional recovery, none of them are without side effects. As a result, it is believed that effective therapy is currently lacking. The dietary biomolecules-based intervention, among other ways, is appealing, safe, and effective. Upregulation of transcription factors, neurotrophic factors, and growth factors such as NGF, GDNF, BDNF, and CTNF may occur as a result of these substances' dietary intake. Upregulation of the signaling pathways ERK, JNK, p38, and PKA has also been seen, which aids in axonal regeneration. Although several mechanistic approaches to understanding their involvement have been suggested, more work is needed to reveal the amazing properties of these biomolecules. We have discussed in this article that how different dietary biomolecules can help with functional recovery and regeneration after an injury. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Based on the information known to date, we may conclude that treatment techniques for peripheral nerve injury have downsides, such as complications, donor shortages, adverse effects, unaffordability, and a lack of precision in efficacy. These difficulties cast doubt on their efficacy and raise severe concerns about the prescription. In this situation, the need for safe and effective therapeutic techniques is unavoidable, and dietary biomolecules appear to be a safe, cost-efficient, and effective way to promote nerve regeneration following an injury. The information on these biomolecules has been summarized here. Upregulation of transcription factors, neurotrophic factors, and growth factors, such as NGF, GDNF, BDNF, and CTNF, as well as the ERK, JNK, p38, and PKA, signaling pathways, may stimulate axonal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haseeb Anwar
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Neurology, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nazir Ahmad
- Institute of Home and Food Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Imran
- Institute of Home and Food Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shoaib Ahmad Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, Sargodha Medical College, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Fazeela Ijaz
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Akram
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Javeria Maqbool
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Faiqa Sajid
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tao Sun
- Center for Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ghulam Hussain
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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23
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Azadi R, Mousavi SE, Kazemi NM, Yousefi-Manesh H, Rezayat SM, Jaafari MR. Anti-inflammatory efficacy of Berberine Nanomicelle for improvement of cerebral ischemia: formulation, characterization and evaluation in bilateral common carotid artery occlusion rat model. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 22:54. [PMID: 34600570 PMCID: PMC8487542 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-021-00525-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berberine (BBR) is a plant alkaloid that possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects with low oral bioavailability. In this study, micelle formulation of BBR was investigated to improve therapeutic efficacy and examined its effect on the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in cerebral ischemia in the animal model. MATERIAL AND METHODS Nano formulation was prepared by thin-film hydration method, and characterized by particle size, zeta potential, morphology, encapsulation efficacy, and drug release in Simulated Gastric Fluid (SGF) and Simulated Intestine Fluid (SIF). Then, Wistar rats were pretreated with the drug (100 mg/kg) and nano-drug (25, 50, 75, 100 mg/kg) for 14 days. Then, on the fourteenth day, stroke induction was accomplished by Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion (BCCAO); after that, Tumor Necrosis Factor - Alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin - 1 Beta (IL-1ß), and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in the supernatant of the whole brain, then the anti-inflammatory effect of BBR formulations was examined. RESULT AND DISCUSSION Micelles were successfully formed with appropriate characteristics and smaller sizes than 20 nm. The Poly Dispersity Index (PDI), zeta potential, encapsulation efficacy of micelles was 0.227, - 22 mV, 81%, respectively. Also, the stability of nano micelles was higher in SGF as compared to SIF. Our outcomes of TNF-a, IL-1B, and MDA evaluation show a significant ameliorating effect of the Berberine (BBR) and BBR-loaded micelles in pretreated groups. CONCLUSION Our experimental data show that pretreated groups in different doses (nano BBR 100, 75, 50 mg/kg, and BBR 100 mg/kg) successfully showed decreased levels of the inflammatory factors in cerebral ischemia compared with the stroke group and pretreated group with nano BBR in the dose of 25 mg/kg. Nano BBR formulation with a lower dose can be a better candidate than conventional BBR formulation to reduce oxidative and inflammatory factors in cerebral ischemia. Therefore, BBR-loaded micelle formulation could be a promising protective agent on cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roza Azadi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyedeh Elaheh Mousavi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Negar Motakef Kazemi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasan Yousefi-Manesh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Rezayat
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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24
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Neuroprotective Phytochemicals in Experimental Ischemic Stroke: Mechanisms and Potential Clinical Applications. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6687386. [PMID: 34007405 PMCID: PMC8102108 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6687386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a challenging disease with high mortality and disability rates, causing a great economic and social burden worldwide. During ischemic stroke, ionic imbalance and excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammation are developed in a relatively certain order, which then activate the cell death pathways directly or indirectly via the promotion of organelle dysfunction. Neuroprotection, a therapy that is aimed at inhibiting this damaging cascade, is therefore an important therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. Notably, phytochemicals showed great neuroprotective potential in preclinical research via various strategies including modulation of calcium levels and antiexcitotoxicity, antioxidation, anti-inflammation and BBB protection, mitochondrial protection and antiapoptosis, autophagy/mitophagy regulation, and regulation of neurotrophin release. In this review, we summarize the research works that report the neuroprotective activity of phytochemicals in the past 10 years and discuss the neuroprotective mechanisms and potential clinical applications of 148 phytochemicals that belong to the categories of flavonoids, stilbenoids, other phenols, terpenoids, and alkaloids. Among them, scutellarin, pinocembrin, puerarin, hydroxysafflor yellow A, salvianolic acids, rosmarinic acid, borneol, bilobalide, ginkgolides, ginsenoside Rd, and vinpocetine show great potential in clinical ischemic stroke treatment. This review will serve as a powerful reference for the screening of phytochemicals with potential clinical applications in ischemic stroke or the synthesis of new neuroprotective agents that take phytochemicals as leading compounds.
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25
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Shang XF, Yang CJ, Morris-Natschke SL, Li JC, Yin XD, Liu YQ, Guo X, Peng JW, Goto M, Zhang JY, Lee KH. Biologically active isoquinoline alkaloids covering 2014-2018. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:2212-2289. [PMID: 32729169 PMCID: PMC7554109 DOI: 10.1002/med.21703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Isoquinoline alkaloids, an important class of N-based heterocyclic compounds, have attracted considerable attention from researchers worldwide since the early 19th century. Over the past 200 years, many compounds from this class were isolated, and most of them and their analogs possess various bioactivities. In this review, we survey the updated literature on bioactive alkaloids and highlight research achievements of this alkaloid class during the period of 2014-2018. We reviewed over 400 molecules with a broad range of bioactivities, including antitumor, antidiabetic and its complications, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic, insecticidal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, and other activities. This review should provide new indications or directions for the discovery of new and better drugs from the original naturally occurring isoquinoline alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Shang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Cheng-Jie Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Susan L. Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Jun-Cai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Dan Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Tibetan Medicine Research Center of Qinghai University, Qinghai University Tibetan Medical College, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining 810016, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Wen Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Masuo Goto
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Ji-Yu Zhang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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26
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Uddin MS, Al Mamun A, Kabir MT, Ahmad J, Jeandet P, Sarwar MS, Ashraf GM, Aleya L. Neuroprotective role of polyphenols against oxidative stress-mediated neurodegeneration. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 886:173412. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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27
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Abbasi Y, Mousavizadeh K, Shabani R, Katebi M, Mehdizadeh M. Behavioral Changes in Combination Therapy of Ethanol and Modafinil on Rats Focal Cerebral Ischemia. Basic Clin Neurosci 2020; 11:269-278. [PMID: 32963720 PMCID: PMC7502185 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.11.3.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Ethanol is considered as an effective agent in reducing brain stroke injury. In this study, we assessed the effects of modafinil along with ethanol as a combination therapy on behavioral function in Wistar rats. Methods: The right Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO) was performed and the rats were divided into nine groups (n=8 per group). The animal groups in this study were as follows: 1. MCAO control group (ischemia without treatment); 2. Vehicle group; 3. Modafinil group that was randomly subdivided into three groups receiving different doses of modafinil (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg) for 7 days before MCAO; 4. Ethanol group receiving 1.5 g/kg ethanol at the time of reperfusion; 5. Modafinil + ethanol group that was further subdivided into three groups receiving modafinil at different doses (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg) for 7 days before MCAO and ethanol at the time of reperfusion. The motor behavior was measured using the Garcia test 24, 48, and 72 h after the ischemia, and the elevated body swing test was performed 48 and 72 h after the ischemia. The anxiety and locomotor activity were analyzed by open field test 48 and 72 h post-ischemia. Results: The results showed that the neurological deficit score, locomotor activity, and unexpected thigmotaxis (anxiety) in the ethanol, modafinil (in a dose-dependent manner), and ethanol+modafinil treatment groups were significantly higher than the MCAO control group. Conclusion: It seems that the combination therapy of modafinil (100 mg/kg) and ethanol (1.5 g/kg) significantly enhanced neuroprotection via an improvement in locomotor activity and neurological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusef Abbasi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Kazem Mousavizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ronak Shabani
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Katebi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mehdizadeh
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zhou F, He K, Guan Y, Yang X, Chen Y, Sun M, Qiu X, Yan F, Huang H, Yao L, Liu B, Huang L. Network pharmacology-based strategy to investigate pharmacological mechanisms of Tinospora sinensis for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 259:112940. [PMID: 32389853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr. belongs to the family Menispermaceae. It is called LeZhe and is widely used as a kind of folk medicine especially in the Tibetan Plateau of China. T. sinensis has the functions of clearing away heat and detoxification, dispelling wind and dredging collaterals, calming and soothing the nerves. T. sinensis is an effective medicine for the prevention and treatment of aging diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the Tibetan Plateau of China, whereas its material basis and underlying mechanisms are not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the material basis and potential mechanisms of T. sinensis in the treatment of AD by using network pharmacology and molecular docking. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, targets were collected from DrugBank database, Therapeutic Target Database (TTD) and literatures reports for the treatment of AD. Compounds were searched by literatures and systematic separation from T. sinensis. The molecular docking experiment was carried out by using Autodock Vina software to screen the bioactive compounds in T. sinensis and target proteins for AD. Then, the "compound-target network" was constructed by Cytoscape software. The drug-like properties of the active compounds were analyzed by pKCSM performs, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING). The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) target pathway enrichment analysis was carried out by Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). Furthermore, the protective effect of neurons of two active compounds were verified with the injury cell model of PC12 and primary hippocampus neurons induced by Aβ25-35. Finally, the key proteins of related pathways were quantitatively analyzed with Western blot method. RESULTS In total, 105 compounds and 38 targets have been screened. The main active compounds contained berberine, which belongs to alkaloids, Aurantiamide acetate, N-P-coumaroyltyramine, which belongs to amides, Trans-syringin and 3-demethyl-phillyrin, which belongs to phenylpropanoids. The targets covered inflammation-related proteins, including Protein kinase B (AKT), Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), Tyrosine-protein kinase JAK1 (JAK1), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), Neuronal NOS (NOS1), and cholinergic function-related proteins, including α4-Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α4 nAChR), Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 (Muscarnic M1). Inflammation and cholinergic dysfunction were the center of the network and occupy a dominant position. And the results of enrichment analysis shown the pathways mainly contained phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt) signal pathway, neurotrophic factors (NTFs) signal pathway, Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) signal pathway, mechanistic Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) signal pathway, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signal pathway, insulin resistance (IR). The results of in vitro assays showed that the tested compounds could significantly improve the survival rate and inhibit the apoptosis of PC12 cells and primary hippocampal neurons injured by Aβ25-35. Western blot results showed that T. sinensis had a significant effect on the expression of protein PI3K and Akt. CONCLUSION Our results revealed that T. sinensis could prevent and treat AD through a multi-compound-multi-target-multi-pathway regulatory network. Our work also expected to provide new ideas and theoretical bases for searching for the active compounds in T. sinensis and potential mechanism in the prevention and treatment of AD by the network pharmacology and molecular docking. The results of in vitro assay and in vivo assay supported the results of molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Kun He
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Yang Guan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Xiyang Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Yaohui Chen
- Jiang Xi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, PR China
| | - Mengsheng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Xiaopeng Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Feixia Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Huilian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, PR China
| | - Lihua Yao
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, PR China
| | - Bo Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China.
| | - Liping Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China.
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Yarahmadzehi S, Fanaei H, Mirshekar MA, Atashpanjeh AR. Opium consumption exerts protective effect against cerebral ischemia through reducing inflammation and enhancing antioxidant defense in male rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.npbr.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Berberine attenuates Aβ-induced neuronal damage through regulating miR-188/NOS1 in Alzheimer's disease. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 474:285-294. [PMID: 32779043 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03852-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a public health issue worldwide. Berberine (Ber) acts as the neuroprotective role in an animal experiment of AD. MicroRNA-188 (miRNA-188) was reported to be decreased in primary hippocampal neurons of mice. However, the roles and molecular basis of Ber and miRNA-188 in the treatment of AD need to be further explored. In this study, 5 μM Ber treatment has little effect on cell viability. Ber treatment or miR-188 overexpression expedited proliferation and inhibited caspase-3 activity and apoptotic rate in amyloid-beta (Aβ)-treated BV2 and N2a cells. MiR-188 was downregulated, and nitric oxide synthase 1 (NOS1) was upregulated in Aβ-induced BV2 and N2a cells. NOS1 worked as the target of miR-188. NOS1 overturned miR-188-induced effects on cell viability, caspase-3 activity, and apoptotic rate in Aβ-induced BV2 and N2a cells. Ber mitigated neuronal damage in Aβ-induced BV2 and N2a cells by miR-188/NOS1 axis. These results suggested that Ber accelerated cell viability and suppressed caspase-3 activity and apoptotic rate possible by miR-188/NOS1 pathway, implying the treatment of Ber as an underlying effective drug for AD patients.
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Experimental Pretreatment with Chlorogenic Acid Prevents Transient Ischemia-Induced Cognitive Decline and Neuronal Damage in the Hippocampus through Anti-Oxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Effects. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163578. [PMID: 32781658 PMCID: PMC7463954 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA), an ester of caffeic acid and quinic acid, is among the phenolic acid compounds which can be naturally found in green coffee extract and tea. CGA has been studied since it displays significant pharmacological properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of CGA on cognitive function and neuroprotection including its mechanisms in the hippocampus following transient forebrain ischemia in gerbils. Memory and learning following the ischemia was investigated by eight-arm radial maze and passive avoidance tests. Neuroprotection was examined by immunohistochemistry for neuronal nuclei-specific protein and Fluoro-Jade B histofluorescence staining. For mechanisms of the neuroprotection, alterations in copper, zinc-superoxide dismutase (SOD1), SOD2 as antioxidant enzymes, dihydroethidium and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal as indicators for oxidative stress, and anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and IL-2) were examined by Western blotting and/or immunohistochemistry. As a result, pretreatment with 30 mg/kg CGA attenuated cognitive impairment and displayed a neuroprotective effect against transient forebrain ischemia (TFI). In Western blotting, the expression levels of SOD2 and IL-4 were increased due to pretreatment with CGA and, furthermore, 4-HNE production and IL-4 expressions were inhibited by CGA pretreatment. Additionally, pretreated CGA enhanced antioxidant enzymes and anti-inflammatory cytokines and, in contrast, attenuated oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. Based on these results, we suggest that CGA can be a useful neuroprotective material against ischemia-reperfusion injury due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory efficacies.
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Mandal SK, Maji AK, Mishra SK, Ishfaq PM, Devkota HP, Silva AS, Das N. Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis L.) and its active constituents: A critical review of their efficacy and toxicological issues. Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105085. [PMID: 32683037 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis L.) is a medicinal plant widely used in various traditional systems of medicine and as a food supplement. It has been traditionally used by Native Americans as a coloring agent and as medicinal remedy for common diseases and conditions like wounds, digestive disorders, ulcers, skin and eye ailments, and cancer. Over the years, goldenseal has become a popular food supplement in the USA and other regions. The rhizome of this plant has been used for the treatment of a variety of diseases including, gastrointestinal disorders, ulcers, muscular debility, nervous prostration, constipation, skin and eye infections, cancer, among others. Berberine is one of the most bioactive alkaloid that has been identified in different parts of goldenseal. The goldenseal extract containing berberine showed numerous therapeutic effects such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, neuroprotective (anti-Alzheimer's disease), cardioprotective, and gastrointestinal protective. Various research finding suggest the health promoting effects of goldenseal components and their extracts. However, few studies have also suggested the possible neurotoxic, hepatotoxic and phototoxic activities of goldenseal extract and its alkaloids. Thus, large randomized, double-blind clinical studies need to be conducted on goldenseal supplements and their main alkaloids to provide more evidence on the mechanisms responsible for the pharmaceutical activity, clinical efficacy and safety of these products. Thus, it is very important to review the scientific information about goldenseal to understand about the current scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Kumar Mandal
- Dr. B. C. Roy College of Pharmacy and AHS, Durgapur, 713206, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Siddhartha Kumar Mishra
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, 470003, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Pir Mohammad Ishfaq
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, 470003, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Department of Instrumental Analysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan; Program for Leading Graduate Schools, Health Life Sciences: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented (HIGO) Program, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Ana Sanches Silva
- National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV), I.P., Rua dos Lagidos, Lugar da Madalena, Vairão, Vila do Conde, 4485-655, Portugal; Center for Study in Animal Science (CECA), ICETA, University of Oporto, Oporto, 4051-401, Portugal
| | - Niranjan Das
- Department of Chemistry, Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar College, Belonia, 799155, Tripura, India.
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Lee TK, Park Y, Kim B, Lee JC, Shin MC, Ohk TG, Park CW, Cho JH, Park JH, Lee CH, Won MH, Ahn JH. Long-Term Alternating Fasting Increases Interleukin-13 in the Gerbil Hippocampus, But Does Not Protect BBB and Pyramidal Neurons From Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:2352-2363. [PMID: 32671629 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03094-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It is questionable whether intermittent fasting (IF) protects against brain ischemic injury. This study examined whether IF increased anti-inflammatory cytokines and protected neurons from ischemia-reperfusion injury in the gerbil hippocampus. Gerbils were subjected to 1-day alternating fasting as IF for 1, 2, or 3 months and assigned to sham or 5 min of transient ischemia. We examined the changes in anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-13), neurons and IgG by immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence staining in the cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) region of the hippocampus before and after ischemia. IF increased IL-13 immunoreactivity in the CA1 region before ischemia, but did not affect IL-4 immunoreactivity. After ischemia, IL-13 and 4 immunoreactivities in the CA1 region were significantly lower in IF gerbils than in non-IF gerbils. In the IF gerbils, the CA1 pyramidal neurons were not protected from ischemic injury; in these gerbils, strong IgG immunoreactivity was seen in the CA1 parenchyma, indicating leakage of the BBB. In brief, IF increased IL-13 in the CA1 region, but these neurons were not protected from transient ischemic injury evidenced by IgG immunoreactivity in the CA1 parenchyma. This study indicates that IF increased some anti-inflammatory cytokines but did not afford neuroprotection against ischemic insults via BBB disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsoo Park
- Department of Emergency Medicine, and Institute of Medical Sciences, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Bora Kim
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Chul Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Cheol Shin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, and Institute of Medical Sciences, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek Geun Ohk
- Department of Emergency Medicine, and Institute of Medical Sciences, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Woo Park
- Department of Emergency Medicine, and Institute of Medical Sciences, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hwi Cho
- Department of Emergency Medicine, and Institute of Medical Sciences, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Ha Park
- Department of Anatomy, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University-Gyeongju, Gyeongju, Gyeongbuk, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong Hyun Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Hyeon Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Yang D, Cao J, Jiao L, Yang S, Zhang L, Lu Y, Du G. Solubility and Stability Advantages of a New Cocrystal of Berberine Chloride with Fumaric Acid. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:8283-8292. [PMID: 32309739 PMCID: PMC7161028 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BBC is a drug with a variety of activities but poor solubility. Cocrystal technology is an effective method to improve the solubility and stability of this type of compound. In this work, the cocrystal of BBC with fumaric acid was obtained at a stoichiometric ratio of 2:1. Studies on stabilities and solubilities were carried out using BBC dihydrate and tetrahydrate as reference materials. Results showed that this new cocrystal did not only significantly improve the dissolution rate of BBC but also highly improved the stability in high humidity and temperature. Given that the cocrystals formed by BBC as the host molecule were few, different techniques were applied for characterization and structural analyses. Moreover, theoretical calculations were performed on weak interactions, such as hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking interactions, which provided the research data for the study of this kind of cocrystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Yang
- Beijing City Key
Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Center of Pharmaceutical Polymorphs,
Institute of MateriaMedica, Chinese Academy
of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Junzi Cao
- Beijing City Key
Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Center of Pharmaceutical Polymorphs,
Institute of MateriaMedica, Chinese Academy
of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lingtai Jiao
- Beijing City Key
Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Center of Pharmaceutical Polymorphs,
Institute of MateriaMedica, Chinese Academy
of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shiying Yang
- Beijing City Key
Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Center of Pharmaceutical Polymorphs,
Institute of MateriaMedica, Chinese Academy
of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Beijing City Key
Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Center of Pharmaceutical Polymorphs,
Institute of MateriaMedica, Chinese Academy
of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Beijing City Key
Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Center of Pharmaceutical Polymorphs,
Institute of MateriaMedica, Chinese Academy
of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Guanhua Du
- Beijing City Key Laboratory of Drug Target
and Screening Research, National Center for Pharmaceutical Screening,
Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy
of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Habtemariam S. Berberine pharmacology and the gut microbiota: A hidden therapeutic link. Pharmacol Res 2020; 155:104722. [PMID: 32105754 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Berberine is a natural pentacyclic isoquinoline alkaloid that has been isolated as the principal component of many popular medicinal plants such as the genus Berberis, Coptis and Hydrastis. The multifunctional nature of berberine as a therapeutic agent is an attribute of its diverse effects on enzymes, receptors and cell signalling pathways. Through specific and general antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, its polypharmacology has been established. Intriguingly, this is despite the poor bioavailability of berberine in animal models and hence begging the question how it induces its reputed effects in vivo. A growing evidence now suggest the role of the gut microbiota, the so-called the hidden organ, as targets for the multifunctional role of berberine. Evidences are herein scrutinised to show that the structural and numerical changes in the gut microbiota under pathological conditions are reversed by berberine. Examples in the pharmacokinetics field, obesity, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes, cancer, inflammatory disease conditions, etc. are used to show the link between the gut microbiota and the polypharmacology of berberine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories & Herbal Analysis Services UK, University of Greenwich, Chatham-Maritime, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK.
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The Effect of Exosomes Derived from Bone Marrow Stem Cells in Combination with Rosuvastatin on Functional Recovery and Neuroprotection in Rats After Ischemic Stroke. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:724-737. [PMID: 31974756 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01483-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rosuvastatin, known as a cholesterol-lowering agent, has been used as an alternative therapy after the onset of stroke. In this study, neuroprotection and functional recovery of exosomes in combination with rosuvastatin have been investigated. Sixty adult male Wistar rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Exosome at the dose of 100 μg and/or rosuvastatin at the dose of 20 mg/kg/day for 7 days were administered to rats as a therapeutic strategy. The elevated body swing test (EBST) and Garcia score were conducted as behavioral tests for the measurement of functional recovery. The histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses were also performed for the assessment of infarcted volume and neuroprotection in the brain of rats. The real-time PCR method was carried out to determine the relative expressions of the NLRP-3 and NLRP1 genes. After 7 days of treatment with exosome and rosuvastatin in rats which underwent MCAO, the decrease in infarct volume of the animals treated with exosome was more pronounced compared with those treated only with exosome. The combination therapy remarkably lowered the size of infarct volume. Our observation was confirmed by the downregulation of the NLRP1 and NLRP3 genes in response to combinatory treatment of rats induced by MCOA, denoting a lower rate of cell death. The number of GFAP-positive cells were reduced in the exosome-treated group compared with the MCAO group. The rate of lipid peroxidation was measured by malondialdehyde (MDA) levels which demonstrated a significant reduction of MDA in the exosome- and rotuvastatin-treated groups when compared with the MCAO group. However, the levels of the SOD enzyme did not significantly alter when the treatment groups were compared with the MCAO group. According to our findings, it seems that the use of exosomes and rosuvastatin, as a novel treatment regimen, might promote neurological recovery after the onset of stroke.
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Nazarinia D, Aboutaleb N, Gholamzadeh R, Nasseri Maleki S, Mokhtari B, Nikougoftar M. Conditioned medium obtained from human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells attenuates focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats by targeting mTOR pathway. J Chem Neuroanat 2019; 102:101707. [PMID: 31672459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2019.101707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Conditioned medium obtained from human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSC-CM) was recently shown to have many antioxidant, antiapoptotic and proangiogenic growth factors. The present study was performed to investigate whether protective effects of hAMSC-CM against focal cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) injury is associated with modulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. A rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was created and the animals were divided into three groups including sham, MCAO and MCAO + hAMSC-CM. Drug was administrated immediately after cerebral reperfusion (i.v). The expressions of mTOR, p-mTOR and LC3 were measured using Western blotting and real time-PCR, respectively. Apoptosis and neuronal loss were determined using TUNEL and Nissl staining, respectively. Infarct volume and the blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage were evaluated using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and Evans Blue (EB) uptake, respectively. Compared with sham, significant infarct volume, apoptotic cell death, and neuronal loss were found in MCAO rats that reversed by hAMSC-CM (P < 0.05). Likewise, MCAO rats exhibited increased mRNA level of light-chain 3 (LC3) and the LC3II/LC3I ratio as well as decreased expression level of p-mTOR that reversed by hAMSC-CM (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the expression of total mTOR among the experimental groups. In summary, our results demonstrate that hAMSC-CM gives rise to neuroprotection following ischemic stroke by restoring mTOR activity and inhibiting autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donya Nazarinia
- Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Aboutaleb
- Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Raheleh Gholamzadeh
- Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solmaz Nasseri Maleki
- Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Mokhtari
- Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahin Nikougoftar
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
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N-Palmitoylethanolamide-Oxazoline Protects against Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Injury in Diabetic Rats by Regulating the SIRT1 Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194845. [PMID: 31569558 PMCID: PMC6801841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes causes various macrovascular and microvascular alterations, often culminating in major clinical complications (first of all, stroke) that lack an effective therapeutic intervention. N-palmitoylethanolamide-oxazoline (PEA-OXA) possesses anti-inflammatory and potent neuroprotective effects. Although recent studies have explained the neuroprotective properties of PEA-OXA, nothing is known about its effects in treating cerebral ischemia. Methods: Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in the right hemisphere. Middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion was provided by introducing a 4–0 nylon monofilament (Ethilon; Johnson & Johnson, Somerville, NJ, USA) precoated with silicone via the external carotid artery into the internal carotid artery to occlude the MCA. Results: A neurological severity score and infarct volumes were carried out to assess the neuroprotective effects of PEA-OXA. Moreover, we observed PEA-OXA-mediated improvements in tissue histology shown by a reduction in lesion size and an improvement in apoptosis level (assessed by caspases, Bax, and Bcl-2 modulation and a TUNEL assay), which further supported the efficacy of PEA-OXA therapy. We also found that PEA-OXA treatment was able to reduce mast cell degranulation and reduce the MCAo-induced expression of NF-κB pathways, cytokines, and neurotrophic factors. Conclusions: based on these findings, we propose that PEA-OXA could be useful in decreasing the risk of impairment or improving function in ischemia/reperfusion brain injury-related disorders.
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Abbasi Y, Shabani R, Mousavizadeh K, Soleimani M, Mehdizadeh M. Neuroprotective effect of ethanol and Modafinil on focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:805-819. [PMID: 30644018 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0378-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ethanol is known as an effective agent against cerebral lesions after ischemia. Modafinil is a stimulant of the central nervous system (CNS) with antioxidant properties. We assessed the neuroprotective effect of modafinil in combination with ethanol after focal cerebral ischemia. Male wistar rats weighing 280-300 g were divided into nine groups (n = 12 each group): The groups consisted of the MCAO (middle cerebral artery occlusion) group (i.e. ischemia without treatment); the vehicle group(Dimethylsulfoxide); the modafinil group including three subgroups which pretreated with Modafinil (10, 30, 100 mg/kg), respectively, for seven days prior to the induction of MCAO; the ethanol group which received 1.5g/kg ethanol at the time of reperfusion; and modafinil+ethanol group which was divided into three subgroups that received three doses of modanifil (10, 30,100 mg/kg), respectively, for seven days prior to MCAO as well as ethanol at the time of reperfusion. Transient cerebral ischemia was induced by 60-min intraluminal occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery. Edema, infarct volume, glial scar formation (gliosis) and apoptosis were analyzed. The ethanol alone treatment (with a less significant effect), modafinil (in a dose-dependent way), and the combination of modafinil and ethanol significantly decreased the brain infarct volume, edema, apoptosis, and gliosis (P ≤ 0.05). Additionally, modafinil+ethanol mediated the restoration of aerobic metabolism and hyper-glycolysis suppress, thereby resulting in an increase in pyruvate dehydrogenase and a decrease in lactate dehydrogenase activity, respectively, which ultimately reduced oxidative reperfusion injury. These results demonstrate that pretreatment with modafinil (100 mg/kg) and modafinil+ethanol(1.5 g/kg) may prevent ischemic brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusef Abbasi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ronak Shabani
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Mousavizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Soleimani
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mehdizadeh
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Kwon CY, Lee B, Chung SY, Kim JW. Herbal medicine for post-stroke anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2019; 35:237-252. [PMID: 31003665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The study was conducted to investigate the efficacy and safety of herbal medicine (HM) for post-stroke anxiety (PSA). Through comprehensive searches, twenty randomized controlled trials were included. Meta-analysis showed that compared to the HM group, the conventional pharmacotherapy group showed significantly lower Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HAMA) score after 1 week of treatment, but not after 2, 4, and 6 weeks of treatment, and higher HAMA score after 8 weeks and 3 months of treatment. Meanwhile, compared to the conventional pharmacotherapy alone group, the HM plus conventional pharmacotherapy group showed significantly better results in HAMA score after 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks of treatment. HM group was associated with lower incidence of adverse events. Current evidence suggests that HM or HM plus conventional pharmacotherapy may be safe and effective in PSA patients within a certain time period. However, due to limited strength of evidence, definite conclusions are not possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Young Kwon
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Boram Lee
- Department of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital at Gangdong, 892, Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sun-Yong Chung
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital at Gangdong, 892, Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Woo Kim
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital at Gangdong, 892, Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Aboutaleb N, Faezi M, Nasseri Maleki S, Nazarinia D, Razavi Tousi SMT, Hashemirad N. Conditioned medium obtained from mesenchymal stem cells attenuates focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury through activation of ERK1/ERK2-BDNF signaling pathway. J Chem Neuroanat 2019; 97:87-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Feng X, Sureda A, Jafari S, Memariani Z, Tewari D, Annunziata G, Barrea L, Hassan ST, Šmejkal K, Malaník M, Sychrová A, Barreca D, Ziberna L, Mahomoodally MF, Zengin G, Xu S, Nabavi SM, Shen AZ. Berberine in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases: From Mechanisms to Therapeutics. Theranostics 2019; 9:1923-1951. [PMID: 31037148 PMCID: PMC6485276 DOI: 10.7150/thno.30787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases (CVMD) are the leading causes of death worldwide, underscoring the urgent necessity to develop new pharmacotherapies. Berberine (BBR) is an eminent component of traditional Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine for more than 2000 years. Recently, BBR has attracted much interest for its pharmacological actions in treating and/or managing CVMD. Recent discoveries of basic, translational and clinical studies have identified many novel molecular targets of BBR (such as AMPK, SIRT1, LDLR, PCSK9, and PTP1B) and provided novel evidences supporting the promising therapeutic potential of BBR to combat CVMD. Thus, this review provides a timely overview of the pharmacological properties and therapeutic application of BBR in CVMD, and underlines recent pharmacological advances which validate BBR as a promising lead drug against CVMD.
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Sadraie S, Kiasalari Z, Razavian M, Azimi S, Sedighnejad L, Afshin-Majd S, Baluchnejadmojarad T, Roghani M. Berberine ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced learning and memory deficit in the rat: insights into underlying molecular mechanisms. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:245-255. [PMID: 30456649 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0349-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggers neuroinflammation with consequent development of behavioral and cognitive deficits. Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid in Berberis genus with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory property and protective effects in neurodegenerative disorders. In this research, beneficial effect of this alkaloid against LPS-induced cognitive decline was assessed in the adult male rats. LPS was intraperitoneally administered at a dose of 1 mg/kg to induce neuroinflammation and berberine was given via gavage at doses of 10 or 50 mg/kg, one h after LPS, for 7 days. Treatment of LPS group with berberine at a dose of 50 mg/kg (but not at a dose of 10 mg/kg) improved spatial recognition memory in Y maze, performance in novel object recognition task (NORT), and prevented learning and memory dysfunction in passive avoidance tasks. Furthermore, berberine lowered hippocampal activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl, activity of caspase 3, and DNA fragmentation and improved antioxidant capacity through enhancing glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione (GSH). Besides, berberine attenuated inflammation-related indices, as was evident by lower levels of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Berberine also appropriately restored hippocampal 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox 2), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), sirtuin 1, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) with no significant alteration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). In summary, berberine could partially ameliorate LPS-induced cognitive deficits via partial suppression of apoptotic cascade, neuroinflammation, oxido-nitrosative stress, AChE, MAPK, and restoration of sirtuin 1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahra Kiasalari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shekoofe Azimi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Sedighnejad
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siamak Afshin-Majd
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehrdad Roghani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
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Neuroprotective Role of Phytochemicals. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102485. [PMID: 30262792 PMCID: PMC6222499 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are normally distinguished as disorders with loss of neurons. Various compounds are being tested to treat neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) but they possess solitary symptomatic advantages with numerous side effects. Accumulative studies have been conducted to validate the benefit of phytochemicals to treat neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). In this present review we explored the potential efficacy of phytochemicals such as epigallocatechin-3-galate, berberin, curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin and limonoids against the most common NDs, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). The beneficial potentials of these phytochemicals have been demonstrated by evidence-based but more extensive investigation needs to be conducted for reducing the progression of AD and PD.
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Faezi M, Nasseri Maleki S, Aboutaleb N, Nikougoftar M. The membrane mesenchymal stem cell derived conditioned medium exerts neuroprotection against focal cerebral ischemia by targeting apoptosis. J Chem Neuroanat 2018; 94:21-31. [PMID: 30121327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The mesenchymal stem cells derived from human amniotic membrane have the ability to secrete and release some factors that can promote the repair of damaged tissues. This secretome contains proteins and factors that reduce apoptosis and increase angiogenesis in the ischemia/reperfusion models. The present study was conducted to determine whether this secretome provides protection against transient focal cerebral ischemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A rat model of focal cerebral ischemia was established through middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 60 min and 24 h reperfusion. The amniotic mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium (AMSC-CM) at the dose of 0.5 μl was injected intracerebroventriculary (ICV) 30 min after reperfusion. Infarct volume, brain edema, neurobehavioral functions, and blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity were assessed 24 h after reperfusion. Neuronal loss and expression of caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 in motor cortex were evaluated by nissl staining and immunohistochemistry assay respectively. RESULTS ICV administration of AMSC-CM markedly reduced infarct volume, brain edema and the evans blue penetration rate compared with MCAO group (P < 0.05). Additionally, post-treatment with AMSC-CM significantly reduced neuronal loss, neurological motor disorders and expression of caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 in motor cortex compared with MCAO group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate that treatment with AMSC-CM improves the pathological effects in the acute phase of cerebral ischemia. These findings establish a substantial foundation for stroke therapy and future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Faezi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solmaz Nasseri Maleki
- Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Aboutaleb
- Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahin Nikougoftar
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
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Nesfatin-1 Improve Spatial Memory Impairment Following Transient Global Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion via Inhibiting Microglial and Caspase-3 Activation. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 65:377-384. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1105-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Oncosis-like cell death is induced by berberine through ERK1/2-mediated impairment of mitochondrial aerobic respiration in gliomas. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 102:699-710. [PMID: 29604589 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas, the most common primary malignant brain tumor, exhibit high metabolic activity. The targeting of metabolism alterations, particularly in mitochondria, is emerging as an efficient approach for curing cancers. Here, we showed that berberine, a natural compound that is used as an antibacterial agent, could reduce cellular viability and induce oncosis-like death, characterized by cell swelling, cytoplasmic vacuoles and plasma membrane blebbing, in gliomas, and that these effects were correlated with intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion. We also found that berberine induced autophagy as a protective effect and decreased the oxygen consumption rate (OCR), which could inhibit mitochondrial aerobic respiration by repressing phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinases (p-ERK1/2). Furthermore, the down-regulation of mitochondrial p-ERK1/2 by berberine inhibited aerobic respiration and led to glycolysis, an inefficient energy production pathway. In addition, berberine reduced tumor growth and inhibited Ki-67 and p-ERK1/2 expression in vivo. The results demonstrate that berberine, which represses aerobic oxidation in mitochondria and decreases their energy production efficiency, decreases metabolic activity by reducing ERK1/2 activity.
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Berberine Ameliorates MCAO Induced Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Activation of the BDNF–TrkB–PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:702-710. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2472-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Al-Badri G, Leggio GM, Musumeci G, Marzagalli R, Drago F, Castorina A. Tackling dipeptidyl peptidase IV in neurological disorders. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:26-34. [PMID: 29451201 PMCID: PMC5840985 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.224365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) is a serine protease best known for its role in inactivating glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), three stimulators of pancreatic insulin secretion with beneficial effects on glucose disposal. Owing to the relationship between DPP-IV and these peptides, inhibition of DPP-IV enzyme activity is considered as an attractive treatment option for diabetic patients. Nonetheless, increasing studies support the idea that DPP-IV might also be involved in the development of neurological disorders with a neuroinflammatory component, potentially through its non-incretin activities on immune cells. In this review article, we aim at highlighting recent literature describing the therapeutic value of DPP-IV inhibitors for the treatment of such neurological conditions. Finally, we will illustrate some of the promising results obtained using berberine, a plant extract with potent inhibitory activity on DPP-IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghaith Al-Badri
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gian Marco Leggio
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rubina Marzagalli
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Filippo Drago
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Castorina
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Discipline of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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