1
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Su Y, Wang Z, Yu Y, Zheng Q. Correlation between the redox activity of Polygonum multiflorum extract and its extraction technology with Chinese liquor (Baijiu): An electrochemistry-based study. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09940. [PMID: 35865979 PMCID: PMC9293732 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the pharmaceutical mechanisms behind traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is the key to promote its modernization process. In China, soaking TCM in liquor has a history of thousands of years, and many TCMs have to be processed into liquor before they can be used to treat diseases. Chinese liquor (Baijiu) contains more than 2,000 trace components, the interaction mechanism between TCM and Baijiu still remains unclear, making TCM a "mystery". The TCM industry commonly employs chromatographic and spectrographic technology to investigate the redox activity of TCM substances. However, only investigating the redox differences in specific active substances cannot provide a complete understanding of the redox activity of TCM substances. Thus, we employed the electrochemical approach to study the overall redox activity of substances in TCM in situ. The key result is that the redox substances in Baijiu function as a mediator for the redox reaction of Polygonum multiflorum extract. The redox efficiency of the extract is enhanced because of the faster electron transferability of the redox mediator in Baijiu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Su
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, China
| | - Yougui Yu
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology and Application for Ecological Baijiu Production, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, China
| | - Qing Zheng
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology and Application for Ecological Baijiu Production, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, China
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2
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Sun F, Wu X, Qi Y, Zhong Y, Zeng L, Wang K, Liang S. Combining ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadruple exactive orbitrap mass spectrometry with chemometrics to identify and verify the blood-activating components of hawthorn. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:2924-2934. [PMID: 35699087 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Hawthorn, one of the widely-used Chinese herbal medicines, has been used to treat blood stasis syndrome in the clinic, but its blood-activating components are unclear. This study combined the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadruple exactive-orbitrap mass spectrometry with chemometrics to identify the blood-activating components of hawthorn. Different polar fractions of hawthorn aqueous extracts were extracted and mixed to prepare 14 samples. The contents of 25 chemical components for 14 samples were determined by the proposed quantitative method which was validated in terms of linearity, precision, stability, repeatability, and recovery, while the blood-activating effect was evaluated by measuring the whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, and plasma fibrinogen levels. Then the partial least squares model was established on the spectrum-effect relationship. The result showed that vitexin-2″-O-rhamnoside, rutin, citric acid, malic acid, gallic acid, and fumaric acid could reduce the whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, and plasma fibrinogen levels in blood stasis model rats, and these components were the blood-activating components of hawthorn. This study provided a scientific basis for clarifying the blood-activating components of hawthorn, and the spectrum-effect approach proved to be an effective approach to discovering the bioactive components of Chinese herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Sun
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering and Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Innovation Team of Chinese Materia Medica Analysis of Department of Education, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiangqin Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yue Qi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yongqi Zhong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lu Zeng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Kaiyang Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shengwang Liang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering and Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Innovation Team of Chinese Materia Medica Analysis of Department of Education, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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3
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Mao CQ, Lu TL, Hao M, Zhao MT, Tong HJ, Ji D, Li L, Su LL, Gu W. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry based bile and urine metabonomics study on the ameliorative effects of Curcuma wenyujin rhizoma on acute blood stasis in rats. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/2311-8571.336836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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4
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Mao CQ, Lu TL, Hao M, Zhao MT, Tong HJ, Ji D, Li L, Su LL, Gu W. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry based bile and urine metabonomics study on the ameliorative effects of Curcuma wenyujin rhizoma on acute blood stasis in rats. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_55_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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5
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Bai W, Liu Q, Chang H, Liu Q, Gao C, Bai Y, Zhou H, Shi S. Metabolomics reveals the renoprotective effect of n-butanol extract and amygdalin extract from Amygdalus mongolica in rats with renal fibrosis. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 49:556-564. [PMID: 34278886 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2021.1952212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis (RF) is a pathological process of progression from chronic kidney disease to end-stage renal disease. Amygdalus mongolica is a traditional Chinese medicine, and our previous studies demonstrated that the n-butanol extract (BUT) and amygdalin extract (AMY) from its seeds can prevent RF. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study investigated the exact mechanism of the protective effect of A. mongolica on RF. A renal fibrosis rat model was induced with unilateral ureteral obstruction. Biochemical indicators were measured and combined with histopathology of renal tissue to evaluate the anti-RF effects. A serum metabonomic method was used to clarify the changes in the metabolic profile. The tubulointerstitial damage and fibrosis were significantly improved and metabolic perturbations were restored after treatment with BUT and AMY. Thirty-eight metabolites associated with RF progression and related to the regulation of arginine and proline metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, and histidine metabolism were identified. They were restored to levels similar to those in controls after treatment. Moreover, no significant differences in efficacy were observed between the BUT and AMY groups. This study reveals and compares the potential mechanisms of the renoprotective effects after treatment with BUT and AMY from a metabolomic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanfu Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Hong Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Quanli Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Chen Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Yingchun Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Hongbing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Songli Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
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Comparison of Chemical Constituents in Pseudostellariae Radix with Different Dosage Forms Based on HPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6644127. [PMID: 34046077 PMCID: PMC8128553 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6644127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Pseudostellariae Radix (PR) is an important traditional Chinese herbal medicine with vast clinical consumptions, which has two different dosage forms, PR decoction pieces and PR formula granules. However, these two forms are bound to have an impact on the accumulation of the effective components in PR, so the effectiveness of clinical use cannot be guaranteed. Objective To determine the effective composition of PR. Methods In this research, PR decoction pieces and formula granules were collected, and their composition was detected by HPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS; multivariate statistical analysis was used to distinguish differential metabolites between PR decoction pieces and formula granules. Results A clear cut difference in the composition of the two groups was observed. 98 differential chemical constituents could be identified in the positive mode, while 52 differential chemical compositions could be identified in the negative mode. The differential chemical compositions were mainly concentrated in flavonoids, organic acids, fatty acids, and amino acids and present different change rules, mainly involved in the isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis metabolic pathways. Conclusions This study provides basic information to reveal the influence law of different dosage forms on the metabolite synthesis and quality formation mechanism of PR.
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Hua Y, Xie F, Zhou S. Difference of Chemical Compositions in Fu Zheng Fang with Different Dosage Forms Based on HPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis. CURR PHARM ANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412916999200423103041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Fu Zheng Fang (FZF) is an important Chinese medicine prescription for tumor treatment in
our hospital, which has two different types, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoction pieces and TCM formula
granules.
Objective:
This study aimed to determine the effective composition of the drug FZF.
Methods:
In this research, FZF decoction pieces and FZF formula granules were collected and their
composition, determined by HPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS, and multivariate statistical analysis, was
applied to distinguish differential metabolite patterns between two groups.
Results:
A clear cut difference in the composition of the two groups was observed. 124 differential chemical
compositions could be identified in positive mode, while 59 differential chemical compositions could be identified in
negative mode. The differential chemical compositions were mainly concentrated in flavonoids, organic acids, fatty
acids, amino acids compounds, and presenting different change rules, mainly involved in the flavonoid biosynthesis,
flavone and flavonol biosynthesis two metabolic pathways.
Conclusion:
This study provides basic information that may be of use in the formulation of the drug in
different dosages and in the examination of their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Hua
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Fen Xie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Shijun Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
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Chen J, Li Z, Hua M, Sun Y. Protection by ginseng saponins against cyclophosphamide-induced liver injuries in rats by induction of cytochrome P450 expression and mediation of the l-arginine/nitric oxide pathway based on metabolomics. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3130-3144. [PMID: 33905145 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ginseng saponins (GS) are the main active compounds in Panax ginseng and have been proven to be highly effective in attenuating the side effects of chemotherapy. However, there have been no reports on the mechanism of action of GS. Treatment with GS has certain benefits, including decreasing the toxicity levels in the liver [alanine aminotransferase (ALT), albumin (ALB), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate transaminase (AST)], reducing oxidative stress [malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO)], diminishing inflammatory factors [interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels], and augmenting the levels of glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The pharmacokinetics study showed that the area under the curve from 0 to 24 hr (AUC 0-24 hr) of 4-ketocyclophosphamide (4-KetoCTX) and carboxyphosphamide (CPM) was significantly increased after GS treatment. This study found that GS treatment can reduce chloroacetaldehyde (CAA) production by affecting CYP3A4, CYP2B6, and CYP2C9 protein expression in the liver. For the metabolomics study, GS attenuated the abnormalities of amino acid metabolic pathways in CP-induced liver injuries of rats and significantly enhanced the l-arginine level while reducing the serum nitric oxide (NO) level. This outcome was confirmed by the inhibition of the activities of NO synthase in the liver of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Chen
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiman Li
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Mei Hua
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yinshi Sun
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Changchun, China
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9
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Zhang WJ, Su WW, Lin QW, Yan ZH, Wang YG, Zeng X, Wu H, Liu H, Yao HL. Protective effects of Naoxintong Capsule on rats with blood stasis syndrome. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2020.1820377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-jian Zhang
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-market Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wei-wei Su
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-market Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qing-wei Lin
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-market Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zeng-hao Yan
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-market Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yong-gang Wang
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-market Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Zeng
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-market Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-market Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-market Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hong-liang Yao
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-market Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Drug Synthesis and Evaluation Center, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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10
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Chen JQ, Chen YY, Tao HJ, Pu ZJ, Shi XQ, Zhang J, Tan YJ, Yue SJ, Zhou GS, Shang EX, Tang YP, Duan JA. An integrated metabolomics strategy to reveal dose-effect relationship and therapeutic mechanisms of different efficacy of rhubarb in constipation rats. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 177:112837. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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11
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Bi C, Li PL, Liao Y, Rao HY, Li PB, Yi J, Wang WY, Su WW. Pharmacodynamic effects of Dan-hong injection in rats with blood stasis syndrome. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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Zhou H, Tai J, Xu H, Lu X, Meng D. Xanthoceraside Could Ameliorate Alzheimer's Disease Symptoms of Rats by Affecting the Gut Microbiota Composition and Modulating the Endogenous Metabolite Levels. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1035. [PMID: 31572201 PMCID: PMC6753234 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Xanthoceraside (XAN) is a natural-derived compound with anti-Alzheimer activity from the husks of Xanthoceras sorbifolia. Although its therapeutic effect had been confirmed in previous studies, the mechanism was still unclear due to its poor solubility and low permeability. In this study, the pharmacological effect of XAN on Alzheimer's disease (AD) was confirmed by behavior experiments and H&E staining observation. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiment also replicated the therapeutic effects, which indicates the potential targets of XAN on gut microbiota. The sequencing of 16S rRNA genes in fecal samples demonstrated that XAN reversed gut microbiota dysbiosis in AD animals. XAN could change the relative abundances of several phyla and genus of bacterial, particularly the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes. Among them, Clostridium IV, Desulfovibrio, Corynebacterium, and Enterorhabdus had been reported to be involved in the pathologic developments of AD and other central nervous system disease. In metabolomics study, a series of host endogenous metabolites were detected, including amino acids, lysophosphatidylcholine, dihydrosphingosine, phytosphingosine, inosine, and hypoxanthine, which were all closely associated with the development of AD. Combined with the Spearman's correlation analysis, it was confirmed that the increases of five bacterial strains and decreases of six bacterial strains were closely correlated with the increases of nine host metabolites and the decreases of another five host metabolites. Therefore, XAN can modulate the structure of gut microbiota in AD rats; the changes of gut microbiota were significantly correlated with endogenous metabolites, and symptom of AD was ultimately alleviated. Our findings suggest that XAN may be a potential therapeutic drug for AD, and the gut microbiota may be potential targeting territory of XAN via microbiome-gut-brain pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jingjie Tai
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haiyan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiumei Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dali Meng
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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Song J, Xiang S, Yang Y, Sun Z. Assessment of follicular fluid metabolomics of polycystic ovary syndrome in kidney yang deficiency syndrome. Eur J Integr Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2019.100944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-Based Plasma Metabolomics to Evaluate the Effects of Aspirin Eugenol Ester on Blood Stasis in Rats. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24132380. [PMID: 31252591 PMCID: PMC6651160 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspirin eugenol ester (AEE) is a novel compound that is formed from the esterification of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)) and eugenol. This study aimed to investigate the effects of AEE on blood stasis in rats and to characterize the underlying mechanisms using a plasma metabolomic study. The results indicate that AEE and ASA could modulate whole blood viscosity (WBV), plasma viscosity (PV), blood coagulation parameters, platelet count, platelet aggregation, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine (CR) and the levels of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and 6-keto prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α). The metabolic profiles of the plasma samples from all groups were clearly separated in the score plots. Nineteen potential metabolites were selected and identified, and disordered levels of these metabolites could be regulated by AEE and ASA. Pathway analysis showed that the mechanism of action of AEE on blood stasis might be principally related to the metabolism of amino acid, fatty acid, energy and glycerophospholipid. The above results indicate that AEE protected the rats against blood stasis, and that this effect might have been caused by the anticoagulation activity of AEE and its abilities to maintain a balance between TXA2 and PGI2, reduce blood viscosity, inhibit platelet aggregation and normalize the plasma metabolic profile.
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15
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Yuan Z, Zhong L, Hua Y, Ji P, Yao W, Ma Q, Zhang X, Wen Y, Yang L, Wei Y. Metabolomics study on promoting blood circulation and ameliorating blood stasis: Investigating the mechanism of Angelica sinensis
and its processed products. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4457. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Yuan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine; Gansu Agricultural University; Lanzhou 730070 China
| | - Lijia Zhong
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine; Gansu Agricultural University; Lanzhou 730070 China
| | - Yongli Hua
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine; Gansu Agricultural University; Lanzhou 730070 China
| | - Peng Ji
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine; Gansu Agricultural University; Lanzhou 730070 China
| | - Wanling Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine; Gansu Agricultural University; Lanzhou 730070 China
| | - Qi Ma
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine; Gansu Agricultural University; Lanzhou 730070 China
| | - Xiaosong Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine; Gansu Agricultural University; Lanzhou 730070 China
| | - Yanqiao Wen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine; Gansu Agricultural University; Lanzhou 730070 China
| | - Lihong Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine; Gansu Agricultural University; Lanzhou 730070 China
| | - Yanming Wei
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine; Gansu Agricultural University; Lanzhou 730070 China
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16
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Hao M, Ji D, Li L, Su L, Gu W, Gu L, Wang Q, Lu T, Mao C. Mechanism of Curcuma wenyujin Rhizoma on Acute Blood Stasis in Rats Based on a UPLC-Q/TOF-MS Metabolomics and Network Approach. Molecules 2018; 24:molecules24010082. [PMID: 30591632 PMCID: PMC6337646 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizome of Curcuma wenyujin, which is called EZhu in China, is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat blood stasis for many years. However, the underlying mechanism of EZhu is not clear at present. In this study, plasma metabolomics combined with network pharmacology were used to elucidate the therapeutic mechanism of EZhu in blood stasis from a metabolic perspective. The results showed that 26 potential metabolite markers of acute blood stasis were screened, and the levels were all reversed to different degrees by EZhu preadministration. Metabolic pathway analysis showed that the improvement of blood stasis by Curcuma wenyujin rhizome was mainly related to lipid metabolism (linoleic acid metabolism, ether lipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and arachidonic acid metabolism) and amino acid metabolisms (tryptophan metabolism, lysine degradation). The component-target-pathway network showed that 68 target proteins were associated with 21 chemical components in EZhu. Five metabolic pathways of the network, including linoleic acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, and steroid hormone biosynthesis, were consistent with plasma metabolomics results. In conclusion, plasma metabolomics combined with network pharmacology can be helpful to clarify the mechanism of EZhu in improving blood stasis and to provide a literature basis for further research on the therapeutic mechanism of EZhu in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - De Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Lin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Lianlin Su
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Wei Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Liya Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Qiaohan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Tulin Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Chunqin Mao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Cao D, Xu C, Xue Y, Ruan Q, Yang B, Liu Z, Cui H, Zhang L, Zhao Z, Jin J. The therapeutic effect of Ilex pubescens extract on blood stasis model rats according to serum metabolomics. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 227:18-28. [PMID: 30142425 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ilex pubescens Hook. et Arn (MDQ), a traditional Chinese herb, is used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying the preventive effect of MDQ on blood stasis remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, serum metabolomics integrated with a biochemical assay strategy were established to evaluate the preventive effect and mechanism of action of MDQ on rats with acute blood stasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-nine rats were divided into seven groups: the control group, model group, aspirin treatment group (30 mg/kg), clopidogrel treatment group (8 mg/kg) and three MDQ treatment groups (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg). A hybrid quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (QTOF/MS) coupled to ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was applied for profiling the serum metabolites. The multivariate data analysis techniques using unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) and supervised orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used for pattern recognition and distinguishing variabilities among groups. RESULTS MDQ protected the rats against blood stasis, as evidenced by the restoration of the anti-platelet aggregation activity, fibrinogen concentration, prothrombin time, thrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, endothelin, thromboxane B2 and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α. The combination of PCA and OPLS-DA revealed deviations in eighteen differential biomarkers in serum. The identified biomarkers were primarily engaged in the metabolic pathways including arachidonic acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, phospholipid biosynthesis and bile acid biosynthesis. The levels of eleven biomarkers showed significant alterations and a tendency to be restored to normal values in MDQ-treated blood stasis rats. Moreover, a correlation network diagram was constructed to show the serum biomarkers perturbed by MDQ. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that MDQ had preventive effects on blood stasis in rats via arachidonic acid metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chuncao Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qingfeng Ruan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bao Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hui Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhongxiang Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jing Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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18
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Liu H, Su WW, Long CF, Zhang WJ, Li PB, Wu Z, Liao YY, Zeng X, Chen TB, Zheng YY, Yan ZH, Bi C, Yao HL. An experimental model for hypertensive crises emergencies: Long-term high-fat diet followed by acute vasoconstriction stress on spontaneously hypertensive rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2018; 243:481-495. [PMID: 29444597 PMCID: PMC5882032 DOI: 10.1177/1535370218759270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the prevention and treatment of hypertensive crises especially when it occurs with serious adverse outcomes have led to worldwide controversy. Despite of clinical possibilities of multiple agents, clinical failures still occur frequently. Therefore, early evaluations and observations of different therapies on appropriate animals should be emphasized. In the present study, an animal model for hypertensive crises emergencies was firstly established and experimentally testified. Five-month-male spontaneously hypertensive rat was consecutively fed with 60%-Kcal fat diet for four, six, and eight weeks with body weight and blood pressure monitored every two weeks, and then followed by an acute vasoconstriction stress of 5-min ice-bath treatment in the 4-h time interval of two adrenaline injections (0.8 mg/kg). Forty-four biochemical parameters were detected, covering hepatic and renal function, blood glucose and lipid levels, myocardial enzymes and energy metabolisms, blood coagulative and anti-coagulative system, oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory cytokine, blood viscosity, and RAAS system. Six tissues including heart, brain, liver, kidney, coronary arteries, and mesenteries were removed for pathological observations with hematoxylin-eosin staining. As a result, multi-organ dysfunctions in the heart, brain, liver, kidney, vascular endothelium, and blood system were testified in the modeling rats at weeks 6 and 8. In conclusion, severe consequences of this animal model were highly similar to those in hypertensive crises emergencies, which could be further utilized in the early intervention of hypertensive crises emergencies including the possible risk factors control and efficient therapies assessment. Impact statement In the late 90s, numerous reports predicted that 1-2% of hypertensive individuals would undergo hypertensive crises (HPC) and figures reached as high as 7% when no antihypertensive therapies were administrated. Currently, clinical failures appear frequently due to the improper or excessive medication regimen instead of the illness itself. Therefore, early evaluations and observations of HPC on appropriate animal models ahead of patients should be discussed and emphasized more widely. In the present study, an appropriate animal model for HPC emergencies was firstly established, in which the consequences of long-term high-fat diet feeding followed by an acute vasoconstriction stress on the spontaneously hypertensive rats were experimentally testified. The proposed model would have a wide application prospects in early intervention of HPC emergencies including the controls of possible risk factors and assessments of efficient therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Wei Su
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Chao-Feng Long
- Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Dongguan 523325, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Jian Zhang
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Bo Li
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Zhong Wu
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Yin-Yin Liao
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Zeng
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Tao-Bin Chen
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ying Zheng
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Zeng-Hao Yan
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Cong Bi
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Liang Yao
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
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Zhang X, Li P, Hua Y, Ji P, Yao W, Ma Q, Yuan Z, Wen Y, Yang C, Wei Y. Urinary metabolomics study the mechanism of Taohong Siwu Decoction intervention in acute blood stasis model rats based on liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1074-1075:51-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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20
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Ma Q, Li PL, Hua YL, Ji P, Yao WL, Zhang XS, Zhong LJ, Wei YM. Effects of Tao-Hong-Si-Wu decoction on acute blood stasis in rats based on a LC-Q/TOF-MS metabolomics and network approach. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 32. [PMID: 29149492 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel approach using metabolomics coupled with a metabolic network was used to investigate the effects of Tao-Hong-Si-Wu decoction (THSWD) on the rat model of acute blood stasis syndrome. Acute blood stasis syndrome was induced by placing the rats in ice-cold water following two injections with epinephrine. The hemorheological indicators [whole blood viscosity (WBV) and plasma viscosity (PV)] and the blood coagulation indicators [thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and fibrinogen (FIB)] were detected. The nonparametric univariate method and multivariate statistical analysis were performed for determining the potential biomarkers. A correlation map was structured between biochemical indicators and hub metabolites to explain the effects mechanism of THSWD. After the administration of THSWD, the levels of WBV, PV, TT, APTT and FIB returned to levels observed in the control group. According to metabolomics coupled with metabolic network analysis, the intervention of THSWD in rats with acute blood stasis syndrome induced substantial and characteristic changes in their metabolic profiles. Fifteen metabolites were screened, which mainly involved 10 pathways and five hub metabolites, namely, l-glutamate, l-phenylalanine, N-acylsphingosine, arachidonic acid and phosphatidate. The biochemical indicators and hub metabolites could be adjusted to close to normal levels by THSWD. Therefore, combining metabolomics and metabolic network helped to evaluate the effects of THSWD on acute blood stasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Peng-Ling Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yong-Li Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Peng Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Wan-Ling Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Song Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Li-Jia Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yan-Ming Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
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21
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Zhao DS, Jiang LL, Fan YX, Wang LL, Li ZQ, Shi W, Li P, Li HJ. Investigation of Dioscorea bulbifera Rhizome-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats by a Multisample Integrated Metabolomics Approach. Chem Res Toxicol 2017; 30:1865-1873. [PMID: 28899093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The use of herbal medicines continues to expand globally, meanwhile, herb-associated hepatotoxicity is becoming a safety issue. As a conventional Chinese medicinal herb, Dioscorea bulbifera rhizome (DBR) has been documented to cause hepatic toxicity. However, the exact underlying mechanism remains largely unexplored. In the present study, we aimed to profile entire endogenous metabolites in a biological system using a multisample integrated metabolomics strategy. Our findings offered additional insights into the molecular mechanism of the DBR-induced hepatotoxicity. We identified different metabolites from rat plasma, urine, and feces by employing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in combination with multivariate analysis. In total, 55 metabolites distributed in 33 metabolic pathways were identified as being significantly altered in DBR-treated rats. Correlation network analysis revealed that the hub metabolites of hepatotoxicity were mainly associated with amino acid, bile acid, purine, pyrimidine, lipid, and energy metabolism. As such, DBR affected the physiological and biological functions of liver via the regulation of multiple metabolic pathways to an abnormal state. Notably, our findings also demonstrated that the multisample integrated metabolomics strategy has a great potential to identify more biomarkers and pathways in order to elucidate the mechanistic complexity of toxicity of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Sheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Li-Long Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ya-Xi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ling-Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhuo-Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
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Shaofu Zhuyu decoction ameliorates obesity-mediated hepatic steatosis and systemic inflammation by regulating metabolic pathways. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178514. [PMID: 28570676 PMCID: PMC5453538 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Shaofu Zhuyu decoction (SFZYD, also known as Sobokchugeo-tang), a classical prescription drug in traditional East Asian medicine, has been used to treat blood stasis syndrome (BSS). Hepatic steatosis is the result of excess caloric intake, and its pathogenesis involves internal retention of phlegm and dampness, blood stasis, and liver Qi stagnation. To evaluate the effects of treatment with SFZYD on obesity-induced inflammation and hepatic steatosis, we fed male C57BL/6N mice a high fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks and then treated them with SFZYD by oral gavage for an additional 4 weeks. The results of histological and biochemical examinations indicated that SFZYD treatment ameliorates systemic inflammation and hepatic steatosis. A partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) scores plot of serum metabolites showed that HFD mice began to produce metabolites similar to those of normal chow (NC) mice after SFZYD administration. We noted significant alterations in the levels of twenty-seven metabolites, alterations indicating that SFZYD regulates the TCA cycle, the pentose phosphate pathway and aromatic amino acid metabolism. Increases in the levels of TCA cycle intermediate metabolites, such as 2-oxoglutaric acid, isocitric acid, and malic acid, in the serum of obese mice were significantly reversed after SFZYD treatment. In addition to inducing changes in the above metabolites, treatment with SFZYD also recovered the expression of genes related to hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction, including Ucp2, Cpt1α, and Ppargc1α, as well as the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism and inflammation, without affecting glucose uptake or insulin signaling. Taken together, these findings suggest that treatment with SFZYD ameliorated obesity-induced systemic inflammation and hepatic steatosis by regulating inflammatory cytokine and adipokine levels in the circulation and various tissues. Moreover, treatment with SFZYD also reversed alterations in the levels of metabolites of the TCA cycle, the pentose phosphate pathway and aromatic amino acid metabolism.
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Sun F, Xu B, Zhang Y, Dai S, Yang C, Cui X, Shi X, Qiao Y. Statistical modeling methods to analyze the impacts of multiunit process variability on critical quality attributes of Chinese herbal medicine tablets. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:3909-3924. [PMID: 27932865 PMCID: PMC5135065 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s119122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The quality of Chinese herbal medicine tablets suffers from batch-to-batch variability due to a lack of manufacturing process understanding. In this paper, the Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) immediate release tablet was taken as the research subject. By defining the dissolution of five active pharmaceutical ingredients and the tablet tensile strength as critical quality attributes (CQAs), influences of both the manipulated process parameters introduced by an orthogonal experiment design and the intermediate granules’ properties on the CQAs were fully investigated by different chemometric methods, such as the partial least squares, the orthogonal projection to latent structures, and the multiblock partial least squares (MBPLS). By analyzing the loadings plots and variable importance in the projection indexes, the granule particle sizes and the minimal punch tip separation distance in tableting were identified as critical process parameters. Additionally, the MBPLS model suggested that the lubrication time in the final blending was also important in predicting tablet quality attributes. From the calculated block importance in the projection indexes, the tableting unit was confirmed to be the critical process unit of the manufacturing line. The results demonstrated that the combinatorial use of different multivariate modeling methods could help in understanding the complex process relationships as a whole. The output of this study can then be used to define a control strategy to improve the quality of the PNS immediate release tablet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Sun
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Information Engineering, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Bing Xu
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Information Engineering, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Manufacture Process Control and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Information Engineering, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Shengyun Dai
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Information Engineering, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Chan Yang
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Information Engineering, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Xianglong Cui
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Information Engineering, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Xinyuan Shi
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Information Engineering, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Manufacture Process Control and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjiang Qiao
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Information Engineering, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Manufacture Process Control and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Cellular Metabolomics Revealed the Cytoprotection of Amentoflavone, a Natural Compound, in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Injury of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17091514. [PMID: 27618027 PMCID: PMC5037791 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Amentoflavone is one of the important bioactive flavonoids in the ethylacetate extract of “Cebaiye”, which is a blood cooling and hematostatic herb in traditional Chinese medicine. The previous work in our group has demonstrated that the ethylacetate extract of Cebaiye has a notable antagonistic effect on the injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The present investigation was designed to assess the effects and possible mechanism of cytoprotection of amentoflavone via metabolomics. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC/QTOF-MS) coupled with multivariate data analysis was used to characterize the variations in the metabolites of HUVECs in response to exposure to LPS and amentoflavone treatment. Seven putative metabolites (glycine, argininosuccinic acid, putrescine, ornithine, spermidine, 5-oxoproline and dihydrouracil) were discovered in cells incubated with LPS and/or amentoflavone. Functional pathway analysis uncovered that the changes of these metabolites related to various significant metabolic pathways (glutathione metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, β-alanine metabolism and glycine, serine and threonine metabolism), which may explain the potential cytoprotection function of amentoflavone. These findings also demonstrate that cellular metabolomics through UPLC/QTOF-MS is a powerful tool for detecting variations in a range of intracellular compounds upon toxin and/or drug exposure.
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Li C, Nie SP, Zhu KX, Xiong T, Xie MY. Lactobacillus plantarum NCU116 fermented carrot juice evokes changes of metabolites in serum from type 2 diabetic rats. Food Res Int 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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26
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Zeng H, Xue P, Su S, Huang X, Shang E, Guo J, Qian D, Tang Y, Duan JA. Comparative Pharmacokinetics of three major bioactive components in rats after oral administration of Typhae Pollen-Trogopterus Feces drug pair before and after compatibility. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 24:2. [PMID: 26792373 PMCID: PMC4719211 DOI: 10.1186/s40199-016-0140-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Typhae Pollen (TP) and Trogopterus Feces (TF) are well-known traditional medicine in china which widely used for thousands of years as drug pair called Shixiao San for treatment of blood stasis syndrome, specially shown great efficacy in gynecological disease. Typhaneoside, vanillic acid and p-coumaric acid are the main bioactive components of Typhae Pollen. This study was carried out for comparing the pharmacokinetic profile of these three major bioactive components in rats after oral administration of Typhae Pollen-Trogopterus Feces (TP-TF) drug pair before and after compatibility. METHODS A sensitive and rapid UPLC-TQ/MS method has been developed for simultaneous quantification of the three main bioactive compounds in blood at different time points after oral administration of Typhae Pollen (TP) and the combination with Trogopterus Feces (TF). RESULTS There were significant differences of C(max), T(max), T(1/2) and AUC(0~t) for three bioactive compounds among the groups, for typhaneoside with the most highest plasma concentration of 370.86 ± 315.71 ng/mL and more longer T(max) in TP-TF co-decoction group (C(M)); for vanillic acid, TP-TF co-decoction group (C(M)) had a good absorption with C(max) (3870.99 ± 2527.99 ng/mL) and T(max) (1.47 ± 3.20 h); for p-coumaric acid, it had similar pharmacokinetic characteristics with vanillic acid. CONCLUSIONS The three bioactive components in Typhae Pollen (TP) were simultaneously determined by UPLC-TQ/MS and had a good absorption in rat plasma after the combination with Trogopterus Feces (TF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Zeng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Ping Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Shulan Su
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for TCM Formulae Research, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210046, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaochen Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Erxin Shang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jianming Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Dawei Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yuping Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jin-ao Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for TCM Formulae Research, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210046, People's Republic of China.
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Shi J, Cao B, Wang XW, Aa JY, Duan JA, Zhu XX, Wang GJ, Liu CX. Metabolomics and its application to the evaluation of the efficacy and toxicity of traditional Chinese herb medicines. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 1026:204-216. [PMID: 26657802 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese herb medicines (TCHMs) have been used in the treatment of a variety of diseases for thousands of years in Asian countries. The active components of TCHMs usually exert combined synergistic therapeutic effects on multiple targets, but with less potential therapeutic effect based on routine indices than Western drugs. These complex effects make the assessment of the efficacy of TCHMs and the clarification of their underlying mechanisms very challenging, and therefore hinder their wider application and acceptance. Metabolomics is a crucial part of systems biology. It allows the quantitative measurement of large numbers of the low-molecular endogenous metabolites involved in metabolic pathways, and thus reflects the fundamental metabolism status of the body. Recently, dozens of metabolomic studies have been devoted to prove the efficacy/safety, explore the underlying mechanisms, and identify the potential biomarkers to access the action targets of TCHMs, with fruitful results. This article presents an overview of these studies, focusing on the progress made in exploring the pharmacology and toxicology of various herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Pharmacy Department, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Pharmacy Department, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ji-Ye Aa
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, China.
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuan-Xuan Zhu
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guang-Ji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chang-Xiao Liu
- Research Center of New Drug Evaluation, The National Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China
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Li S, Lin H, Qu C, Tang Y, Shen J, Li W, Yue S, Kai J, Shang G, Zhu Z, Zhang C, Liu P, Yan H, Zhang L, Qian L, Qian D, Duan JA. Urine and plasma metabonomics coupled with UHPLC-QTOF/MS and multivariate data analysis on potential biomarkers in anemia and hematinic effects of herb pair Gui-Hong. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 170:175-83. [PMID: 25985767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The compatibility of Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui) and Carthami Flos (Honghua), a famous herb pair Gui-Hong, can produce synergistic and complementary hematinic effects. Our previous studies have indicated that Gui-Hong has therapeutic potential treatment in hemolytic and aplastic anemia (HAA). The present study aimed to investigate the hematinic effects of Danggui, Honghua and Gui-Hong on HAA rats induced by acetyl phenylhydrazine (APH) and cyclophosphamide (CP) and to explore the underlying hematinic regulation mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were divided into 5 groups, and drugs were administered by oral gavage one time each day for continuous 7 days from the experiment began. Urine and plasma were analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF/MS). Partial least-squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) models were built to evaluate the therapeutic effects of Danggui, Honghua and Gui-Hong. Pearson correlation matrix analysis method was used to discover the correlations between potential biomarkers and biochemical indicators of HAA rats. RESULTS Seven potential biomarkers contribute to the separation of model group and control group were tentatively identified. The levels of l-kynurenine, phenylalanine, nicotinic acid and sphingosine increased significantly (P<0.05) in HAA rats, while the levels of l-isoleucine, l-tyrosine and serotonin decreased significantly (P<0.05) in comparison with control rats. Those endogenous metabolites were chiefly involved in phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, tryptophan metabolism and tyrosine metabolism. The metabolic deviations could be regulated closer to normal level after Danggui, Honghua and Gui-Hong intervention. In term of hematinic effects, Gui-Hong was the most effective as shown by the relative distance in PLS-DA score plots and relative intensity of potential biomarkers. The result reflected the synergic action between Danggui and Honghua. The above results were found to be reasonable in explaining the hematinic effects mechanism of Gui-Hong. CONCLUSIONS The results of routine blood, urinary metabolic pattern and plasma metabolic pattern show the Danggui, Honghua and Gui-Hong groups are moving toward the control group and the HAA was being prevented and alleviated. The effect of Gui-Hong group is more remarkable than Danggui and Honghua groups. Some potential biomarkers like l-kynurenine, phenylalanine, l-isoleucine, l-tyrosine, serotonin, nicotinic acid and sphingosine have been found and identified. The work shows that the metabonomics method is a promising tool in the efficacy and mechanism research of traditional Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujiao Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hang Lin
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Cheng Qu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuping Tang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Juan Shen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weixia Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shijun Yue
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jun Kai
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guanxiong Shang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Changbin Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Li Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dawei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jin-ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Guo ZL, Zhu Y, Su XT, Liu J, Yang QX, Nan JY, Zhao BC, Zhang YY, Yu YN, Li B, Xiao HB, Wang Z. DanHong injection dose-dependently varies amino acid metabolites and metabolic pathways in the treatment of rats with cerebral ischemia. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2015; 36:748-57. [PMID: 25937632 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2014.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine how the relative amino acid contents and metabolic pathways regulate the pharmacological phenotypes in rats with cerebral ischemia after treatment with varying doses of DanHong injection (DHI). METHODS Adult male rats underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), and were injected with DHI (DH-1: 1 mL/kg; DH-2: 2.5 mL/kg; DH-3: 5 mL/kg, and DH-4: 10 mL/kg, iv) daily for 3 d. The neurological deficit score, body weights and infarct volume were assessed. Serum levels of 20 free amino acids were determined using HPLC, and the values were transformed through the quantitative analysis of the amino acids in the serum metabolic spectrum. Multivariate statistical analysis methods (PCA and PLS-DA) and web-based metabolomics tools (MetPa and MetaboAnalyst) were used to analyze the biological data sets for the amino acids. RESULTS Administration of DHI dose-dependently decreased cerebral infarct volume, and ameliorated neurological deficits. A total of 5, 6, 7 and 7 non-overlapping metabolites were identified in the DH-1, DH-2, DH-3, and DH-4 groups, respectively. Eight metabolites were shared between the DHI groups and the vehicle group. In addition, the serum levels of glutamic acid, aspartic acid and serine increased with increasing DHI dose. A total of 3, 2, 2 and 5 non-overlapping metabolic pathways were identified in the DH-1, DH-2, DH-3 and DH-4 groups, respectively, and glycine, serine, threonine and histidine metabolism were identified as overlapping pathways among the 4 dose groups. CONCLUSION Overlapping and non-overlapping amino acid metabolites and metabolic pathways are associated with the dose-dependent neuroprotective effect of DHI.
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Zou ZJ, Liu ZH, Gong MJ, Han B, Wang SM, Liang SW. Intervention effects of puerarin on blood stasis in rats revealed by a (1)H NMR-based metabonomic approach. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 22:333-43. [PMID: 25837270 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 12/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Puerarin possesses a wide spectrum of biological activities including ameliorating effects on blood stasis, but the definite mechanism of this effect is still not known. In this study, a (1)H NMR-based plasma and urinary metabonomic approach was applied to comprehensively and holistically investigate the therapeutic effects of puerarin on blood stasis and its underlying mechanisms. Puerarin was injected intraperitoneally once daily for consecutive 7 days. The blood stasis rat model was established by placing the rats in ice-cold water during the time interval between two injections of adrenaline. With pattern recognition analysis, a clear separation of blood stasis model group and healthy control group was achieved and puerarin pretreatment group was located much closer to the control group than the model group, which was consistent with results of hemorheology studies. 15 and 10 potential biomarkers associated with blood stasis in plasma and urine, respectively, which were mainly involved in energy metabolism, lipid and membrane metabolisms, amino acid metabolism and gut microbiota metabolism, were identified. Puerarin could prevent blood stasis through partially regulating the disturbed metabolic pathways. This work highlights that metabonomics is a valuable tool for studying the essence of blood stasis as well as evaluating the efficacy of the corresponding drug treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Jie Zou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhong Hua Liu
- Experimental Animal Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Juan Gong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Mei Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Wang Liang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Li S, Lin H, Tang Y, Li W, Shen J, Kai J, Yue S, Shang G, Zhu Z, Shang E, Zhang C, Zhang L, Yan H, Liu P, Duan JA. Comparative metabolomics analysis on invigorating blood circulation for herb pair Gui-Hong by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and pattern recognition approach. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 107:456-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Huang S, Xu F, Wang YY, Shang MY, Wang CQ, Wang X, Cai SQ. Improvement and Application of Acute Blood Stasis Rat Model Aligned with the 3Rs (Reduction, Refinement and Replacement) of Humane Animal Experimentation. Chin J Integr Med 2014; 26:292-298. [PMID: 25537151 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-014-2008-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish a novel cardiocentesis method for withdrawing venous blood from the right atrium, and to improve an acute blood stasis rat model using an ice bath and epinephrine hydrochloride (Epi) while considering the 3Rs (reduction, refinement, and replacement) of humane animal experimentation. METHODS An acute blood stasis model was established in male Sprague-Dawley rats by subcutaneous injection (s.c.) Epi (1.2 mg/kg) administration at 0 h, followed by a 5-min exposure to an ice-bath at 2 h and s.c. Epi administration at 4 h. Control rats received physiological saline. Rats were fasted overnight and treated with Angelicae Sinensis Lateralis Radix (ASLR) and Pheretima the following day. Venous blood was collected using our novel cardiocentesis method and used to test whole blood viscosity (WBV), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and fibrinogen (FIB) content. RESULTS The rats survived the novel cardiocentesis technique; WBV value returned to normal while hematological parameters such as hemoglobin level and red blood cell count were restored to >94% of the corresponding values in normal rats following a 14-day recovery. Epi (1.2 mg/kg, s.c.) combined with a 5-min exposure to the ice bath replicated the acute blood stasis rat model and was associated with the highest WBV value. In rats showing acute blood stasis, ASLR treatment [4 g/(kg·d) for 8 days] decreased WBV by 9.98%, 11.09%, 9.34%, 9.00%, 7.66%, and 7.03% (P<0.05), while Pheretima treatment [2.6 g/(kg·d), for 8 days] decreased WBV by 25.49%, 25.94%, 16.28%, 17.76%, 11.07%, and 7.89% (P<0.01) at shear rates of 1, 3, 10, 30, 100, and 180 s-1, respectively. Furthermore, Pheretima treatment increased APTT significantly (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS We presented a stable, reproducible, and improved acute blood stasis rat model, which could be applied to screen drugs for promoting blood circulation and eliminating blood stasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Hubei Engineering Research Center of Viral Vector, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan, 430415, China
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yin-Ye Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chao-Qun Wang
- Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Zhong X, Yan J, Li YC, Kong B, Lu HB, Liang YZ. A novel strategy for quantitative analysis of the formulated complex system using chromatographic fingerprints combined with some chemometric techniques. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1370:179-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Revised: 10/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Integrated plasma and urine metabolomics coupled with HPLC/QTOF-MS and chemometric analysis on potential biomarkers in liver injury and hepatoprotective effects of Er-Zhi-Wan. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:7367-78. [PMID: 25245419 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8169-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics techniques are the comprehensive assessment of endogenous metabolites in a biological system and may provide additional insight into the molecular mechanisms. Er-Zhi-Wan (EZW) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula, which contains Fructus Ligustri Lucidi (FLL) and Herba Ecliptae (HE). EZW is widely used to prevent and treat various liver injuries through the nourishment of the liver. However, the precise molecular mechanism of hepatoprotective effects has not been comprehensively explored. Here, an integrated metabolomics strategy was designed to assess the effects and possible mechanisms of EZW against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury, a commonly used model of both acute and chronic liver intoxication. High-performance chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC/QTOF-MS) combined with chemometric approaches including principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were used to discover differentiating metabolites in metabolomics data of rat plasma and urine. Results indicate six differentiating metabolites, tryptophan, sphinganine, tetrahydrocorticosterone, pipecolic acid, L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoic acid and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate, in the positive mode. Functional pathway analysis revealed that the alterations in these metabolites were associated with tryptophan metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, lysine degradation, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, and pentose phosphate pathway. Of note, EZW has a potential pharmacological effect, which might be through regulating multiple perturbed pathways to the normal state. Our findings also showed that the robust integrated metabolomics techniques are promising for identifying more biomarkers and pathways and helping to clarify the function mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Liu P, Duan JA, Guo JM, Qian DW, Shang EX, Tang YP, Su SL. Plasma metabolic profiling of normal and dysmenorrhea syndrome rats and the effects of Xiang-Fu-Si-Wu Decoction intervention. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:603-613. [PMID: 24262062 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.858269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Primary dysmenorrhea (PDM), a common, clinically heterogeneous endocrine disorder affecting young women, is associated with endocrinopathy and metabolic abnormalities. The Xiang-Fu-Si-Wu Decoction (XFSWD) is a traditional Chinese medicine preparation used to treat PDM. OBJECTIVE In the current study, a plasma metabonomics method based on the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quantitative time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) system was employed to examine the mechanism of XFSWD action in PDM. MATERIALS AND METHODS Estradiol benzoate (0.01 g/kg/d) and oxytocin (5 mL/kg) were used to create the dysmenorrhea rat model. Based on the chromatographic data of plasma samples at different time-points following oral administration of XFSWD mixed in water (37.8 g crude herbs/kg) on day 7, partial least square (PLS) and discriminate analysis (DA) were applied to visualize group differentiation and marker selection. RESULTS Systemic changes occurring in PDM reflect alterations in not only uterus function but also whole-body metabolism. The XFSWD was effective as a therapeutic agent for PDM by reflect metabolic pathway. Prostaglandins and lysophospholipids were identified as two marker types for oxytocin-induced dysmenorrhea syndrome, including LysoPC(18:4), LysoPE(22:2/0:0), LysoPC(17:0), PGJ₂, 11-deoxy-11-methylene-PGD₂, 15-deoxy-δ-12,14-PGJ₂, LysoPC(20:3), etc. Specifically, the concentrations of prostaglandins compounds (PGJ₂, 11-deoxy-11-methylene-PGD₂, 15-deoxy-δ-12,14-PGJ₂) were increased while those of lysophospholipid compounds [lysoPC(18:4), LysoPE(22:2/0:0), LysoPC(17:0)] were decreased to a significant extent (p < 0.05) in dysmenorrheal rats. Upon treatment with the XFSWD at 12 h, the concentrations of lysophospholipids showed no significant differences (P > 0.05) between the model and normal groups. The lysophospholipid levels were restored. Lysophospholipids were the key factors in phospholipid metabolism. Thus, disruption of phospholipids metabolism appears critical for the development of dysmenorrhea. The XFSWD exerted its effects by interfering with the sphingolipid metabolic pathway. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The metabonomics method presents a promising tool to treat PDM in animal models, and may be applicable for clinical treatment of the human disease in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing, PR China
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Liu X, Zhong F, Tang XL, Lian FL, Zhou Q, Guo SM, Liu JF, Sun P, Hao X, Lu Y, Wang WM, Chen N, Zhang NX. Cordyceps sinensis protects against liver and heart injuries in a rat model of chronic kidney disease: a metabolomic analysis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2014; 35:697-706. [PMID: 24632844 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2013.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To test the hypothesis that the traditional Chinese medicine Cordyceps sinensis could improve the metabolic function of extrarenal organs to achieve its anti-chronic kidney disease (CKD) effects. METHODS Male SD rats were divided into CKD rats (with 5/6-nephrectomy), CKD rats treated with Cordyceps sinensis (4 mg•kg-1•d-1, po), and sham-operated rats. After an 8-week treatment, metabolites were extracted from the hearts and livers of the rats, and then subjected to (1)H-NMR-based metabolomic analysis. RESULTS Oxidative stress, energy metabolism, amino acid and protein metabolism and choline metabolism were considered as links between CKD and extrarenal organ dysfunction. Within the experimental period of 8 weeks, the metabolic disorders in the liver were more pronounced than in the heart, suggesting that CKD-related extrarenal organ dysfunctions occurred sequentially rather than simultaneously. Oral administration of Cordyceps sinensis exerted statistically significant rescue effects on the liver and heart by reversely regulating levels of those metabolites that are typically perturbed in CKD. CONCLUSION Oral administration of Cordyceps sinensis significantly attenuates the liver and heart injuries in CKD rats. The (1)H NMR-based metabolomic approach has provided a systematic view for understanding of CKD and the drug treatment, which can also be used to elucidate the mechanisms of action of other traditional Chinese medicines.
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Application of metabolomics technology in the research of Chinese medicine. Chin J Integr Med 2014; 20:307-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s11655-014-1348-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Su ZH, Jia HM, Zhang HW, Feng YF, An L, Zou ZM. Hippocampus and serum metabolomic studies to explore the regulation of Chaihu-Shu-Gan-San on metabolic network disturbances of rats exposed to chronic variable stress. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2014; 10:549-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c3mb70377k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Kokubun T, D'Costa L. Direct and unbiased information recovery from liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry raw data for phenotype-differentiating metabolites based on screening window coefficient of ion currents. Anal Chem 2013; 85:8684-91. [PMID: 24004415 DOI: 10.1021/ac401545b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A reworking of a data mining strategy, in which statistical treatment of raw data from liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) precedes recognition of chromatographic peaks, is presented. In this algorithm the tR-m/z plane of LC-MS data is divided into equal-sized segments of twelve seconds by one m/z unit each, and the total ion currents in corresponding segments as specified by the tR-m/z pair from multiple LC-MS runs are evaluated to generate mean ion currents (μ) and standard deviations (σ). The μ's and σ's of the segments, derived from contrasting classes of LC-MS data set (e.g., resistant-susceptible, case-control, etc.), are used to calculate the Z-factor (screening window coefficient) which is in turn used to rank the segments. Chromatographic peaks are recognized only where the ion currents are shown to differentiate the classes. The result-reporting format enables detection of positive as well as negative correlations between ion intensities and biological traits under study and thus points to the presence of potentially phenotype-discriminating metabolites. Examples of data analyses are presented, in which ions that may distinguish resistant and susceptible species of Aesculus to the leaf-miner Cameraria ohridella were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuo Kokubun
- Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew , Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, United Kingdom
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Gou X, Tao Q, Feng Q, Peng J, Zhao Y, Dai J, Wang W, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Liu P. Urine metabolic profile changes of CCl4-liver fibrosis in rats and intervention effects of Yi Guan Jian Decoction using metabonomic approach. Altern Ther Health Med 2013; 13:123. [PMID: 23725349 PMCID: PMC3680307 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Yi Guan Jian Decoction (YGJD), a famous Chinese prescription, has long been employed clinically to treat liver fibrosis. However, as of date, there is no report on the effects of YGJD from a metabonomic approach. In this study, a urine metabonomic method based on gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was employed to study the protective efficacy and metabolic profile changes caused by YGJD in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis. Methods Urine samples from Wistar rats of three randomly divided groups (control, model, and YGJD treated) were collected at various time-points, and the metabolic profile changes were analyzed by GC/MS with principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminate analysis (PLS-DA). Furthermore, histopathology and biochemical examination were also carried out to ensure the success of CCl4-induced liver fibrosis model. Results Urine metabolic profile studies suggested distinct clustering of the three groups, and YGJD group was much closer to the control group by showing a tendency of recovering towards the control group. Fourteen significantly changed metabolites were found, and YGJD treatment could reverse the levels of these metabolites to normal levels or close to normal levels. Conclusions The current study indicates that the YGJD has significant anti-fibrotic effects on CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in rats, which might be by regulating the dysfunction of energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, cytochrome P450 metabolism, and gut microflora metabolism. The metabonomic approach can be recommended to study the pharmacological effect and mechanism of complex Chinese medicines.
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Panwar H, Rashmi HM, Batish VK, Grover S. Probiotics as potential biotherapeutics in the management of type 2 diabetes - prospects and perspectives. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2013; 29:103-12. [PMID: 23225499 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a looming epidemic worldwide, affecting almost all major sections of society, creating burdens on global health and economy. A large number of studies have identified a series of multiple risk factors such as genetic predisposition, epigenetic changes, unhealthy lifestyle, and altered gut microbiota that cause increased adiposity, β-cell dysfunction, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, adiposity, dyslipidaemia, metabolic endotoxemia, systemic inflammation, intestinal permeability (leaky gut), defective secretion of incretins and oxidative stress associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Recent studies have proposed multifactorial interventions including dietary manipulation in the management of T2D. The same interventions have also been recommended by many national and international diabetes associations. These studies are aimed at deciphering the gut microbial influence on health and disease. Interestingly, results from several genomic, metagenomic and metabolomic studies have provided substantial information to target gut microbiota by dietary interventions for the management of T2D. Probiotics particularly lactobacilli and bifidobacteria have recently emerged as the prospective biotherapeutics with proven efficacy demonstrated in various in vitro and in vivo animal models adequately supported with their established multifunctional roles and mechanism of action for the prevention and disease treatment. The dietary interventions in conjunction with probiotics - a novel multifactorial strategy to abrogate progression and development of diabetes - hold considerable promise through improving the altered gut microbial composition and by targeting all the possible risk factors. This review will highlight the new developments in probiotic interventions and future prospects for exploring probiotic therapy in the prevention and control of lifestyle diseases like T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Panwar
- Molecular Biology Unit, Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
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Niu J, Pi ZF, Yue H, Yang H, Wang Y, Yu Q, Liu SY. Effect of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 on streptozotocin-induced experimental type 2 diabetic rats: a urinary metabonomics study by rapid-resolution liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2012; 26:2683-2689. [PMID: 23124658 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 is an active component of Panax ginseng. It is known that 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 has a protective effect against hyperglycemia, obesity and diabetes in vivo, but the precise mechanisms of these actions have not yet been entirely elucidated. METHODS A urinary metabonomics method based on rapid-resolution liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (RRLC/MS) was developed to investigate the effect of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 on type 2 diabetic rats. RESULTS With multivariate statistical analysis, a clear separation between type 2 diabetic rats and those treated with 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 was achieved. Six potential biomarkers were found and identified. CONCLUSIONS This work shows that the mechanism of the effect of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 on type 2 diabetes may be involved with the regulation of nucleic acid metabolism, energy metabolism and gut flora metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Niu
- Changchun Center of Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
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Lu AP, Bian ZX, Chen KJ. Bridging the traditional Chinese medicine pattern classification and biomedical disease diagnosis with systems biology. Chin J Integr Med 2012; 18:883-90. [PMID: 23238995 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-012-1290-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Being the unique core of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), pattern classification exerts a direct effect on the efficacy and safety of herbal interventions. In this article, the authors integrated the pattern classification and disease diagnosis with many approaches from systems biology. Integration of pattern classification with biomedical diagnosis by systems biology is not only a new direction of personalized medicine development, but also provides a new drug development model. In the further study, the pattern classifications of major diseases will be the focus of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-ping Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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Ning SY, Jiang BP, Xu L, Fang TH, Wu MH. Effect of Liangxuehuayu Recipe on hemorheology in rats with blood stasis syndrome. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(12)60177-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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46
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Chen J, Zhou L, Zhang X, Lu X, Cao R, Xu C, Xu G. Urinary hydrophilic and hydrophobic metabolic profiling based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry methods: Differential metabolite discovery specific to ovarian cancer. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:3361-9. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian; P.R. China
| | - Lina Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian; P.R. China
| | | | - Xin Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian; P.R. China
| | - Rui Cao
- Department of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Dalian; Dalian Medical University; Dalian; P.R. China
| | | | - Guowang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian; P.R. China
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Gou X, Tao Q, Feng Q, Peng J, Sun S, Cao H, Zheng N, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Liu P. Urinary metabonomics characterization of liver fibrosis induced by CCl₄ in rats and intervention effects of Xia Yu Xue Decoction. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 74:62-5. [PMID: 23245234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Revised: 09/22/2012] [Accepted: 09/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Xia Yu Xue Decoction (XYXD) is a traditional Chinese medicine which has been widely used in clinic practice for treating liver disease. However, its mechanism of action remains unknown. In this study, a urinary metabonomic method, based on gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS), was developed to investigate the effect of XYXD on liver fibrosis. Pattern recognition analysis, including principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), showed that metabolic perturbations induced by CCl(4) were restored after treatment with XYXD. Ten potential biomarkers associated with modulation of energy metabolism, microflora metabolism, amino acid and fatty acid metabolism were identified, suggesting that the mechanism of action of XYXD may involve these processes. Our findings indicate that metabonomic methods based on GC/MS may provide a useful means of exploring biomarkers involved in liver fibrosis and for elucidating the mechanisms of action of therapies used in traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Gou
- Institute of Liver Disease, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai Univerisity of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
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Effect of ginseng polysaccharide on the urinary excretion of type 2 diabetic rats studied by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 907:7-12. [PMID: 22998979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Revised: 08/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ginseng polysaccharide is known to have anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects in vivo and its precise mechanism of action is not clear. A urinary metabolomics method based on rapid-resolution liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (RRLC/MS) was developed to investigate the effect of water-soluble ginseng polysaccharide (WGP) on type 2 diabetes in rats. Principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out for pattern recognition and a clear separation between type 2 diabetic rats and those treated with WGP was achieved. Eight potential biomarkers were found and identified. Significantly increased inosine, serotonin, phenylpropionylglycine and dodecanedioic acid showed the effect of WGP on purine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and energy metabolism. 1-Methyladenine, 4-deoxyerythronic acid, 5-hydroxyhexanoic acid and tetrahydrocortisol were significantly decreased which indicated that WGP can regulate DNA metabolism, organic acids metabolism and steroid hormone metabolism. This work is helpful in the effect mechanism study of ginseng polysaccharide.
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Pelkonen O, Pasanen M, Lindon JC, Chan K, Zhao L, Deal G, Xu Q, Fan TP. Omics and its potential impact on R&D and regulation of complex herbal products. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 140:587-593. [PMID: 22313626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Revised: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), multicomponent and principally plant-derived drugs are used for disease prevention, symptom amelioration and treatment in a personalized manner. Because of their complex composition and consequent multiple targets and treatment objectives, the application of omics techniques and other integrative approaches seems inherently appropriate and even necessary for the demonstration of their potential preclinical and clinical safety and efficacy. This perspectives article provides proposals for the application of omics methods to the investigation of complex herbal products (CHP),(1) including Chinese herbal medicines (CHM), both in vitro and in vivo, for preclinical and clinical toxicity, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and efficacy tests. Ultimately, such approaches could aid regulatory scrutiny and potential acceptance, although currently there is no regulatory requirement of omics-based data in any submitted dossier to any regulatory agency, including for conventional drugs and CHP. However, it has been acknowledged that such studies are being increasingly performed, and almost surely will eventually be included into regulatory submission dossiers, possibly initially as supplementary materials. Specifically for CHM and CHP, omics can play a role both in determining product composition and its variability and in monitoring biological effects in carefully selected platforms. Predicting the future is difficult, but it seems possible that regulatory acceptance of omics techniques and a systems biology approach for the study of TCM, CHM and CHP will not be long delayed. It is expected that current studies and plans employing omics techniques and other integrative approaches will prove to be positive and informative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olavi Pelkonen
- University of Oulu, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
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Jiang M, Lu C, Zhang C, Yang J, Tan Y, Lu A, Chan K. Syndrome differentiation in modern research of traditional Chinese medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 140:634-642. [PMID: 22322251 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Revised: 01/22/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Syndrome differentiation (Bian Zheng) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is the comprehensive analysis of clinical information gained by the four main diagnostic TCM procedures: observation, listening, questioning, and pulse analysis, and it is used to guide the choice of treatment either by acupuncture and/or TCM herbal formulae, that is, Fufang. TCM syndrome differentiation can be used for further stratification of the patients' conditions with certain disease, identified by orthodox medical diagnosis, which could help the improvement of efficacy of the selected intervention. In modern TCM research it is possible to integrate syndrome differentiation with orthodox medical diagnosis leading to new scientific findings in overall medical diagnosis and treatment. In this review, the focus is to screen published evidence on the role of syndrome differentiation in modern TCM research with particular emphasis on basic and clinical research as well as, pharmacological evaluation of TCM herbal formulary for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Jiang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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