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Wittern CI, Schröder S, Jensen O, Brockmöller J, Gebauer L. Comprehensive characterization of the OCT1 phenylalanine-244-alanine substitution reveals highly substrate-dependent effects on transporter function. J Biol Chem 2024:107835. [PMID: 39342994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Organic cation transporters (OCTs) can transport structurally highly diverse substrates. The molecular basis of this extensive polyspecificity has been further elucidated by cryogenic electron microscopy. Apparently, in addition to negatively charged amino acids, aromatic residues may contribute to substrate binding and substrate selectivity. In this study, we provide a comprehensive characterization of phenylalanine 244 in OCT1 function. We analyzed the uptake of 144 OCT1 substrates for the phenylalanine 244 to alanine substitution compared to wild-type OCT1. This substitution had highly substrate-specific effects ranging from transport reduced to 10% of wild-type activity up to 8-fold increased transport rates. Four percent of substrates showed strongly increased uptake (> 200% of wild type) whereas 39% showed strongly reduced transport (< 50% of wild type). Particularly with larger, more hydrophobic, and more aromatic substrates, the Phe244Ala substitution resulted in higher transport rates and lower inhibition of the transporter. In contrast, substrates with a lower molecular weight and less aromatic rings showed generally decreased uptake rates. A comparison of our data to available transport kinetic data demonstrates that generally, high-affinity low-capacity substrates show increased uptake by the Phe244Ala substitution whereas low-affinity high-capacity substrates are characterized by reduced transport rates. Altogether, our study provides the first comprehensive characterization of the functional role of an aromatic amino acid within the substrate translocation pathway of OCT1. The pleiotropic function further highlights that Phenylalanine 244 interacts in a highly specific manner with OCT1 substrates and inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Isabel Wittern
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center Göttingen, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sophie Schröder
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ole Jensen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center Göttingen, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Brockmöller
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center Göttingen, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lukas Gebauer
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center Göttingen, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany.
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2
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Heudi O, Winter S. Supported liquid extraction combined with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for the quantitative analysis of a TLR7 agonist imiquimod LFX453 in plasma at low picograms per milliliter: Method validation and its application to a pharmacokinetic study in minipig. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5769. [PMID: 37937618 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Sample preparation is essential for low-level compound determination. In the present work, supported liquid extraction (SLE) was used as sample preparation for the low-level determination of a new TLR7 agonist imiquimod compound, LFX453. Samples were extracted on ISOLUTE® SLE 96-well plates using tert-butyl-methyl ether followed by evaporation and dry residue reconstitution with 150 μl of a mixture of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile-water (50/50, v/v). Samples were eluted using a flow rate of 0.750 ml/min on a C18 column (50 × 2.1 mm, 2.7 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid in water (A) and 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile (B). Tandem mass spectrometry was used to analyze the samples in positive mode. The method run time was 6.5 min, and the low limit of quantification was 1.00 pg/ml with 0.100 ml of minipig plasma. Intra-run and inter-run precision and accuracy were within the acceptance criteria at four concentration levels over a concentration ranging from 1.00 to 200 pg/ml. There was no matrix effect and recovery, three freeze-thaw cycles and incurred samples reanalysis were validated. The method was successfully applied for measuring LFX453 in minipig plasma after application on minipig skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Heudi
- PK Sciences/Bioanalytics, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Serge Winter
- PK Sciences/Bioanalytics, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
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3
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Vashistha VK, Kumar A, Das DK, Alwera S, Vyas R, Sharma V, Sethi S, Pullabhotla R, Nagar H. Different approaches in thin-layer chromatography for enantioresolution of acebutolol using colistin sulfate as chiral selector. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00764-021-00109-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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4
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Jensen O, Rafehi M, Tzvetkov MV, Brockmöller J. Stereoselective cell uptake of adrenergic agonists and antagonists by organic cation transporters. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 171:113731. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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5
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Survey of Pharmacological Activity and Pharmacokinetics of Selected β-Adrenergic Blockers in Regard to Their Stereochemistry. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9040625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The present survey concentrates on pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of selected β-adrenergic blockers from the point of view of their stereochemistry. It could be shown that the activity in the arylaminoethanol and aryloxyaminopropanol group of β-blockers is higher in their (–)-enantiomers as compared with the (+)-enantiomers. The stereoisomers differ also in other types of bioactivity as well as in toxicity. The particular pharmacokinetic stages such as resorption, distribution, and metabolism are discussed in regard to their stereochemistry.
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6
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Rakibe U, Tiwari R, Mahajan A, Rane V, Wakte P. LC and LC-MS/MS studies for the identification and characterization of degradation products of acebutolol. J Pharm Anal 2019; 8:357-365. [PMID: 30595941 PMCID: PMC6308026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present investigation was to demonstrate an approach involving use of liquid chromatography (LC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to separate, identify and characterize very small quantities of degradation products (DPs) of acebutolol without their isolation from the reaction mixtures. The drug was subjected to oxidative, hydrolytic, thermal and photolytic stress conditions as per International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guideline Q1A(R2). Among all the stress conditions the drug was found to be labile in hydrolytic (acidic & basic) and photolytic stress conditions, while it was stable in water-induced hydrolysis, oxidative and thermal stress conditions. A total of four degradation products were formed. A C18 column was employed for the separation of all the DPs on a gradient mode by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). All the DPs were characterized with the help of their fragmentation pattern and the masses obtained upon LC-MS/MS and MSn analysis. All the hitherto unknown degradation products were identified as 1-(2-(2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propoxy)-5-(amino)phenyl)ethanone (DP-I), N-(4-(2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propoxy)-3-acetylphenyl)acrylamide (DP-II), 1-(2-(2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propoxy)-5-(hydroxymethylamino)phenyl)ethanone (DP-III) and 1-(6-(2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propoxy)-2,3-dihydro-2-propylbenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)ethanone (DP-IV). Finally the in-silico carcinogenicity and hepatotoxicity predictions of the drug and all the DPs were performed by using toxicity prediction softwares viz., TOPKAT, LAZAR and Discovery Studio ADMET. The results of in-silico toxicity studies revealed that acebutolol (0.967) and DP-I (0.986) were found to be carcinogenic, while acebutolol (0.490) and DP-IV (0.437) were found to be hepatotoxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday Rakibe
- Department of Chemical Technology, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ravi Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, SVKM's NMIMS, Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anand Mahajan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Goa College of Pharmacy, Panjim, Goa, India
| | - Vipul Rane
- Department of Chemical Technology, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pravin Wakte
- Department of Chemical Technology, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
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7
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Gangu Naidu C, Nageswara Rao R, Prasada Rao AV, Nagesh Kumar K, Padiya R, Madhusudhan Rao V. Supported liquid extraction and LC–MS-MS determination of iloperidone and olanzapine in rat plasma: Application to a pharmacokinetic study. J Chromatogr Sci 2018; 56:879-887. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmy063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A sensitive, selective rapid bioanalytical assay method was developed and quantification of iloperidone (ILP) and olanzapine (OLZ) in rat plasma was done by mass spectrometry. Systematic sample preparation and extraction procedure were carried out by supported liquid extraction using dichloromethane to extract both the eluents (ILP and OLZ) from rat plasma samples. The extorted samples were injected on a selective Waters XTerra® C18 reverse-phase bonded column (250 × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 μm) using acetonitrile and 15 mM ammonium formate containing 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid (60:40 v/v) for isocratic elution mode and detected by mass spectrometry. Calibration curves were drawn with the respective assay statistical data and showed linear regression coefficients greater than 0.9996 over the concentration ranges 2–5,000 ng/mL for ILP and OLZ, respectively. The absolute mean recoveries were found to be in the replicate range of 87.12–94.47%, respectively. The obtained results by the method revealed good intra and interday assay performance in terms of 1.70–5.90% precision and 0–5% accuracy. The validated bioassay method has been successfully applied to the pharmacokinetics in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ch Gangu Naidu
- Department of S&H, Vignan’s Foundation For Science, Technology and Research University (VFSTRU), Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - R Nageswara Rao
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Discovery Laboratory D215, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India
| | - A V Prasada Rao
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - K Nagesh Kumar
- Daicel Chiral Technologies India Pvt. Ltd, Shamirpet, Hyderabad, India
| | - Raju Padiya
- Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India
| | - V Madhusudhan Rao
- Department of S&H, Vignan’s Foundation For Science, Technology and Research University (VFSTRU), Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
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8
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Tomková J, Ondra P, Kocianová E, Václavík J. Fast and sensitive analysis of beta blockers by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultra-high-resolution TOF mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Tomková
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; Palacky University; Olomouc Czech Republic
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Medical Law; University Hospital Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Peter Ondra
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; Palacky University; Olomouc Czech Republic
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Medical Law; University Hospital Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Eva Kocianová
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Medical Law; University Hospital Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
- Department of Internal Medicine I - Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; Palacky University Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Jan Václavík
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Medical Law; University Hospital Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
- Department of Internal Medicine I - Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; Palacky University Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
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9
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Bagoji AM, Patil SM, Nandibewoor ST. Electroanalysis of cardioselective beta-adrenoreceptor blocking agent acebutolol by disposable graphite pencil electrodes with detailed redox mechanism. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/23312009.2016.1172393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atmanand M. Bagoji
- P.G. Department of Studies in Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580 003, India
| | - Shreekant M. Patil
- P.G. Department of Studies in Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580 003, India
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10
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Bagoji AM, Nandibewoor ST. Electrocatalytic redox behavior of graphene films towards acebutolol hydrochloride determination in real samples. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj03655k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Under optimal conditions, a graphene film modified glassy carbon electrode exhibited a longer linearity range from 3.36 to 57.12 ng mL−1 of acebutolol with a limit of detection of 0.131 ng mL−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atmanand M. Bagoji
- P. G. Department of studies in chemistry
- Karnatak University
- Dharwad-580003
- India
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11
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Abstract
Solid phase-supported liquid extraction (SLE) is a technique almost 40 years old being rediscovered in the last few years due to its simplicity, optimal for automation and giving very clean extracts with minimal matrix effects when analyzed by techniques like HPLC-MS/MS, GC-MS/MS, CE-MS/MS. In the next paragraphs the evolution of SLE, according to literature, will be presented first, followed by some considerations on the SLE material now available and a typical protocol of work. To conclude, considerations based on the author's practical experiences with SLE will be done, as well as few remarks on potential future areas of SLE development.
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12
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Ramesh B, Manjula N, Ramakrishna S, Devi PS. Direct injection HILIC-MS/MS analysis of darunavir in rat plasma applying supported liquid extraction. J Pharm Anal 2015; 5:43-50. [PMID: 29403914 PMCID: PMC5761474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel bioanalytical method was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of darunavir (DRV) in rat plasma by employing hydrophilic interaction chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS) with supported liquid extraction (SLE). Irbesartan (IRB) was used as an internal standard (IS). The analyte in rat plasma (200 µL) was isolated through SLE using ethyl acetate as the eluting solvent. The chromatographic separation was achieved on Luna-HILIC (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) column with a mobile phase of 0.1% of formic acid in water:acetonitrile (5: 95, v/v), at a constant flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The MS/MS ion transitions for DRV (548.1→392.0) and IS (429.2→207.1) were monitored on an ion trap mass spectrometer, operating in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) was 0.2 ng/mL and quantitation range was 0.2-5000 ng/mL. The method was validated for its selectivity, sensitivity, carryover, linearity, precision, accuracy, recovery, matrix effect and stability. The method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic study in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokka Ramesh
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500607, India
| | - Nemali Manjula
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500607, India
| | - Sistla Ramakrishna
- Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500607, India
| | - Potturi Sita Devi
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500607, India
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13
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Supported liquid extraction versus liquid-liquid extraction for sample preparation in LC-MS/MS-based bioanalysis. Bioanalysis 2013; 5:285-8. [PMID: 23394695 DOI: 10.4155/bio.12.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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14
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Ali I, Alam SD, Al-Othman ZA, Farooqi JA. Recent Advances in SPE-Chiral-HPLC Methods for Enantiomeric Separation of Chiral Drugs in Biological Samples. J Chromatogr Sci 2013; 51:645-54. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bms262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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15
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Nie Y, Liu X, Yang X, Zhao Z. Review: Recent Application of Chiral Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometric Methods for Enantiomeric Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Determinations. J Chromatogr Sci 2013; 51:753-63. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bms209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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16
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Bussy U, Tea I, Ferchaud-Roucher V, Krempf M, Silvestre V, Galland N, Jacquemin D, Andresen-Bergström M, Jurva U, Boujtita M. Voltammetry coupled to mass spectrometry in the presence of isotope 18O labeled water for the prediction of oxidative transformation pathways of activated aromatic ethers: Acebutolol. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 762:39-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Revised: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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17
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Schwaninger AE, Meyer MR, Maurer HH. Chiral drug analysis using mass spectrometric detection relevant to research and practice in clinical and forensic toxicology. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1269:122-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2012] [Revised: 07/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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18
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Edel AL, Aliani M, Pierce GN. Supported liquid extraction in the quantitation of plasma enterolignans using isotope dilution GC/MS with application to flaxseed consumption in healthy adults. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 912:24-32. [PMID: 23290922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Dietary interventions involving foods that are enriched in lignans, such as flaxseed, are drawing attention due to their beneficial protective effects in various diseases and human conditions. Accurate quantitation of key lignan metabolites such as enterodiol (END) and enterolactone (ENL) is necessary in order to identify factors that may influence overall bioavailability. Here we describe the validation of a novel supported liquid extraction (SLE) method for isolation of plasma enterolignans, END and ENL, using (2)H(6)-labeled isotopes with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in micro selected ion storage (GC/MS-μSIS) mode. Following enzymatic hydrolysis and SLE extraction with 70:30 diethyl ether:ethyl acetate, enterolignans were rapidly separated within 8min. SLE in combination with GC/MS-μSIS gave high recoveries of 96.4% and 96.0% for END and ENL. Intra-assay precision ranged from 2.5 to 5.9% for both compounds whereas the inter-assay precision was 2.6-6.9%. SLE was also directly compared to liquid liquid extraction (LLE). Both techniques offered high precision and accuracy, however, SLE consistently enabled successful analyte extractions and derivatizations, unlike LLE, which had an ∼4% failure rate. SLE was also tested in a study where dietary milled flaxseed supplementation (30g/day for 1month) and enterolignan bioavailability was examined in a healthy, human population (n=10). Plasma total enterolignan levels significantly increased (P=0.002) at 4weeks relative to baseline. Average concentrations for END and ENL were 209nM and 304nM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L Edel
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Canadian Centre for Agri-food Research in Health and Medicine and Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R2H 2A6
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19
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Abstract
Sample preparation has historically been, and continues to be, the most challenging part of the bioanalytical workflow. Several techniques have been developed over the years to deal with the problems of recovery and matrix effects in an effort to increase the reliability and robustness of the bioanalytical method. In recent years certain techniques have come into prominence and gained acceptance in routine sample preparation, and some have shown promise in their use in a discovery environment where speed is critical and method development time is often limited. The aim of this review is to examine several of these techniques and provide examples of their use from the literature, as well as comment on their utility in current workflows.
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20
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Jiang H, Cao H, Zhang Y, Fast DM. Systematic evaluation of supported liquid extraction in reducing matrix effect and improving extraction efficiency in LC-MS/MS based bioanalysis for 10 model pharmaceutical compounds. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 891-892:71-80. [PMID: 22410088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Revised: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In past a few years, there has been a large increase in the application of supported liquid extraction (SLE) for LC-MS/MS based bioanalysis due to its distinct practical advantage in reduced time cost, ease of operation and the feasibility for automation. The main purpose of this study was to systematically evaluate supported liquid extraction in reducing matrix effect and improving extraction efficiency/recovery under various extraction conditions with 10 model pharmaceutical compounds in liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) analysis. Selected compounds have diverse physicochemical properties where logP ranges from 0.1 to 6.24 and pK(a) ranges from 4.0 to 11.1. The factors that may have the impact on the recovery of analytes and phospholipids (PL) were assessed. Over 75% recovery was achieved for every analyte under its respectively optimized extraction conditions where the selection of the polarity of extraction solvent and buffered pH can be critical for efficient recovery. Furthermore, the matrix effect was assessed by postextraction spike and postcolumn infusion method. The matrix effect was considerably reduced for all analytes under most extraction conditions evaluated for SLE, compared with protein precipitation (PPT) method. The correlation between matrix effect and residual phospholipids in sample extract was clearly shown. Although analyte-dependent matrix effect was observed prominently in sample extract prepared by PPT, it was minimized by SLE sample preparation process that effectively removes the majority of phospholipids. Sample extracted by ethyl acetate contained more phospholipids and demonstrated stronger matrix effect than by other organic solvents. Water-miscible organic content, such as methanol and acetonitrile in samples prior to loading has significant impact on PL recovery when eluting with methyl tert-butyl ether. However, isopropanol does not enhance the recovery of PL when adding to dichloromethane for elution. In addition, the compromise between improved extraction efficiency by SLE and reduced matrix effect is sometimes necessary to yield clean extract with acceptable recovery. The effective removal of phospholipids and reduction of matrix effect, while achieving good recovery for all pharmaceutical compounds with diverse physicochemical properties, demonstrated that SLE is a valuable alternative technique to liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) in high throughput LC-MS/MS based bioanalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Jiang
- Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Tongji School of Pharmacy, Wuhan, China.
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21
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Al-Ghamdi AF, Hefnawy MM, Al-Majed AA, Belal FF. Development of square-wave adsorptive stripping voltammetric method for determination of acebutolol in pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids. Chem Cent J 2012; 6:15. [PMID: 22353684 PMCID: PMC3296636 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-6-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A validated simple, rapid, sensitive and specific square-wave voltammetric technique is described for the determination of acebutolol (AC) following its accumulation onto a hanging mercury drop electrode in a Britton-Robinson universal buffer of pH 7.5. The optimal procedural conditions were: accumulation potential Eacc = - 0.8 V versus Ag/AgCl/KCl, accumulation duration tacc = 30 s, pulse-amplitude = 70 mV, scan rate = 100 mV/s, frequency = 30 Hz, surface area of the working electrode = 0.6 mm2 and the convection rate = 2000 rpm. Under these optimized conditions, the adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV) peak current was proportional over the concentration range 5 × 10-7 - 6 × 10-6 M (r = 0.999). Recoveries for acebutolol from human plasma and urine were in the range 97-103% and 96-104% respectively. The method proved to be precise (intra-day precision expressed as %RSD in human plasma ranged from 2.9 - 3.2% and inter-day precision expressed as %RSD ranged from 3.4 - 3.8%) and accurate (intra-day accuracies expressed as % error in human urine ranged from -3.3 - 2.8% and inter-day accuracies ranged from -3.3 - 1.7%). The limit of quantitation (LOQ) and limit of detection (LOD) for acebutolol were 1.7 × 10-7 and 5 × 10-7 M, respectively. Possible interferences by substances usually present in the pharmaceutical formulations were investigated with a mean recovery of 101.6 ± 0.64%. Results of the developed square-wave adsorptive stripping voltammetry (SW-AdSV) method were comparable with those obtained by reference analytical method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali F Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P,O, Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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22
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Automated supported liquid extraction using 2D barcode processing for routine toxicokinetic portfolio support. Bioanalysis 2012; 4:249-62. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.11.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A new bioanalytical sample preparation approach has been developed to enhance the efficiency, reduce errors and improve the data quality supporting routine toxicokinetic (TK) study samples analysis, via the implementation of 2D barcode processing coupled with fully automated supported liquid extraction (SLE). Results: A fully automated SLE was validated and used to determine TK drug concentrations of over 500 unknown samples via 2D barcode processing. Assay performance calculated from a total of 291 quality control samples over the period of validation through sample analysis demonstrated inter-day precision and accuracy within 10 and 7.3%, respectively. Conclusion: A new logistical approach implementing the use of 2D barcodes and automated SLE demonstrates the potential of a new methodology for the routine bioanalytical support of TK study sample analysis.
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Identification of phase I metabolites of cardiovascular and anti-ulcer drugs in surface water samples with liquid-chromatography–mass spectrometry methods. Talanta 2011; 85:1920-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Li Y, Emm T, Yeleswaram S. Simultaneous determination of fluoxetine and its major active metabolite norfluoxetine in human plasma by LC-MS/MS using supported liquid extraction. Biomed Chromatogr 2011; 25:1245-51. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2010] [Revised: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 11/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Drug Metabolism and Biopharmaceutics; Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station; Route 141 & Henry Clay Road; Wilmington; DE; 19880; USA
| | - Thomas Emm
- Drug Metabolism and Biopharmaceutics; Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station; Route 141 & Henry Clay Road; Wilmington; DE; 19880; USA
| | - Swamy Yeleswaram
- Drug Metabolism and Biopharmaceutics; Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station; Route 141 & Henry Clay Road; Wilmington; DE; 19880; USA
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Human DBS sampling with LC–MS/MS for enantioselective determination of metoprolol and its metabolite O-desmethyl metoprolol. Bioanalysis 2010; 2:1437-48. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.10.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
>Background: The dried blood spots (DBS) sampling technique has been gaining wide interest in preclinical and clinical studies due to its inherent advantages. However, the impact of DBS sampling on chiral compounds in terms of stability and detection sensitivity has not been studied yet. Results: A high-throughput, sensitive and enantioselective LC–MS/MS-based bioanalytical method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of individual enantiomers of metoprolol and its metabolite O-desmethylmetoprolol (O-DMM)in human whole blood using the DBS sampling technique. Conclusions: The developed DBS LC–MS/MS assay has a run time of 3 min, shorter than all previous methods while achieving complete baseline separation of enantiomeric metoprolol and O-DMM. This study demonstrates the applicability of DBS for chiral molecules analysis.
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Pan J, Jiang X, Chen YL. Automatic Supported Liquid Extraction (SLE) Coupled with HILIC-MS/MS: An Application to Method Development and Validation of Erlotinib in Human Plasma. Pharmaceutics 2010; 2:105-118. [PMID: 27721346 PMCID: PMC3986710 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics2020105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2010] [Revised: 03/26/2010] [Accepted: 03/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel bioanalytical method was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of erlotinib in human plasma by using the supported liquid extraction (SLE) sample cleanup coupled with hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometric detection (HILIC-MS/MS). The SLE extract could be directly injected into the HILIC-MS/MS system for analysis without the solvent evaporation and reconstitution steps. Therefore, the method is simple and rapid. In the present method, erlotinib-d₆ was used as the internal standard. The SLE extraction recovery was 101.3%. The validated linear curve range was 2 to 2,000 ng/mL based on a sample volume of 0.100-mL, with a linear correlation coefficient of > 0.999. The validation results demonstrated that the present method gave a satisfactory precision and accuracy: intra-day CV < 5.9% (.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiongwei Pan
- Charles River Laboratories, 334 South Street, Shrewsbury, MA 01545, USA.
| | - Xiangyu Jiang
- Covance Laboratories, 3301 Kinsman Boulevard, Madison, WI 53704, USA.
| | - Yu-Luan Chen
- Sepracor Inc., 84 Waterford Drive, Marlborough, MA 01752, USA.
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Abstract
β-blockers are a class of antihypertensive drugs that are used for the management of cardiac arrhythmias, cardioprotection after myocardial infarction (heart attack) and hypertension. They have revolutionized the medical management of angina pectoris and are recommended as first-line agents by national and international guidelines. Although β-blockers are still the cornerstone for the treatment of heart failure, some of the drugs in this category are prohibited in several sports requiring vehicle control and bodily movements as they reduce heart rate and tremors, and improve performance. As a result, urine analysis of β-blockers is mandatory in doping control and toxicological screening. The determination of plasma levels of β-blockers helps to ensure noncompliance in patients with persistent hypertonia to confirm the diagnosis of β-blocker poisoning and for therapeutic drug monitoring. This review provides a comprehensive account of various analytical methods developed for detection and quantitation of β-blockers in plasma and urine.
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Wu S, Li W, Mujamdar T, Smith T, Bryant M, Tse FLS. Supported liquid extraction in combination with LC-MS/MS for high-throughput quantitative analysis of hydrocortisone in mouse serum. Biomed Chromatogr 2009; 24:632-8. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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