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Cheng YC, Murcko L, Benalcazar-Jalkh EB, Bonfante EA. Hypervitaminosis D is correlated with adverse dental implant outcomes: A retrospective case-control study. J Dent 2024; 147:105137. [PMID: 38901822 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate vitamin-D levels effect on the survival/success and on marginal bone levels of dental implants. METHODS Patients with peri-implant disease and healthy control patients with functionally loaded dental implants were included in this retrospective case-control study. Forty patients with 201 implants were in the diseased-cohort, while thirty-three patients with 90 implants were in the control-cohort. Patient blood 25(OH)D levels were assessed through quantitative blood test. The correlation between abnormal 25(OH)D levels and disease status of each patient was assessed using Fisher's exact tests. The correlation of each implant's outcomes with vitamin-D status was assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS Patients with blood 25(OH)D levels >70 ng/mL (hypervitaminosis-D) had a 21.1-fold increase in the risk of implant failure or severe peri-implant bone loss regarding patients with intermediate (>30, ≤70 ng/mL) levels. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that implants in the hypervitaminosis-D cohort had a survival probability of 73.7 % (95 % CI:56.5-84.5 %) at 19-years after surgery, compared to 95 % for implants in patients with intermediate 25(OH)D levels (95 % CI:88.3-97.9 %). Additionally, implants in the hypervitaminosis-D cohort lost bone faster than implants in the intermediate cohort. These results were specific to the patient cohort with elevated blood 25(OH)D levels and not observed in patients taking vitamin-D supplementation. The impact of hypervitaminosis-D was enriched for implants in the maxilla, and not as apparent for implants in the mandible. CONCLUSIONS Blood 25(OH)D levels >70 ng/mL were correlated with adverse implant outcomes, including implant failure and peri-implant bone loss, especially in the maxilla. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These results suggest that hypervitaminosis D may be a previously unidentified risk factor for dental implant complications and should be further investigated to elucidate the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chi Cheng
- School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Ernesto B Benalcazar-Jalkh
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, SP 17.012-901, Brazil.
| | - Estevam A Bonfante
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, SP 17.012-901, Brazil
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2
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Gohar MS, Rahman TU, Bahadur A, Ali A, Alharthi S, Al-Shaalan NH. Development and Validation of Novel HPLC Methods for Quantitative Determination of Vitamin D3 in Tablet Dosage Form. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:505. [PMID: 38675464 PMCID: PMC11054345 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In the present work, an efficient isocratic HPLC method was developed for the precise and accurate estimation of vitamin D3 in tablet form. The chromatographic conditions comprised an L3 silica column (5 µm in particle size, 4.6 mm × 250 mm) with a mobile phase n-hexane/ethyl acetate (85:15 v/v) with a flow rate of 2.0 mL/min and a detection wavelength of 292 nm. The new methodology was validated for accuracy, precision, specificity, robustness, and quantification limits according to an official monograph of USP/BP and ICH guidelines. The peak areas of the six replicates of the homogeneous sample were recorded. The mean value obtained was 67,301, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 0.1741. The linearity and range were in the acceptable bounds, i.e., 0.999, which was calculated using regression line analysis. The results show that the method is truly acceptable as the RSD, as the flow rate was 0.81%, while for the mobile phase composition, it was 0.72%, which lies in the acceptable range. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) values were 0.0539 µg/mL and 0.1633 µg/mL, respectively. The % RSD of the intra and inter-day precision of the method was deemed acceptable according to the international commission for harmonization guidelines. The developed method has potential to be used for the detection and quantification of vitamin D3 during routine analysis for tablets in dosage form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saqib Gohar
- Department of Chemistry, Mohi-Ud-Din Islamic University, Nerian Sharif, Azad Jammu & Kashmir 12080, Pakistan; (M.S.G.); (T.U.R.)
| | - Taj Ur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, Mohi-Ud-Din Islamic University, Nerian Sharif, Azad Jammu & Kashmir 12080, Pakistan; (M.S.G.); (T.U.R.)
| | - Ali Bahadur
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad 46000, Pakistan;
| | - Ashraf Ali
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Sarah Alharthi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
- Research Center of Basic Sciences, Engineering and High Altitude, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora Hamad Al-Shaalan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
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3
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Wang X, Qin Q, Li F, Fu Y, Liu N. A novel LC-MS/MS method combined with derivatization for simultaneous quantification of vitamin D metabolites in human serum with diabetes as well as hyperlipidemia. RSC Adv 2023; 13:34157-34166. [PMID: 38020011 PMCID: PMC10663881 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05700c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D plays an important role in calcium homeostasis. Recent studies indicate that vitamin D deficiency has become a major public health problem. In order to define vitamin D status, many analytical methods were used to quantify 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), as circulating 25OHD is regarded as the best indicator to evaluate vitamin D status. The current LC-MS/MS technology is internationally recognized as the "gold standard" for the detection of vitamin D and its metabolites. The impediment to the analysis of vitamin D metabolites is the low level of 25OHD and 1,25(OH)2D. Therefore, it is challenging to achieve the desired sensitivity and accuracy in the determination of trace vitamin D compounds in biological liquids. Here, a method based on liquid-liquid extraction in combination with derivatization, followed by liquid chromatography-electrospray/tandem mass spectrometry was developed for determination of the vitamin D metabolites, including 25-hydroxyvitamin D2, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. The method was simple and rapid, and it was validated with good linearity (R2 > 0.998), excellent recovery (average value with 81.66-110.31%) and high precision of intra-day and inter-day (0.06-6.38% and 0.20-6.82%). The values of limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were as low as 0.3 ng mL-1 and 1.0 ng mL-1, respectively. Finally, the developed method was successfully applied to determination of the vitamin D metabolites from the human serum samples of healthy subjects and patients with diabetes as well as hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Wang
- College of Medical Laboratory Science, Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning 116044 China
- Department of General Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital Linyi Shandong 276600 China
| | - Qian Qin
- College of Medical Laboratory Science, Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning 116044 China
| | - Fasheng Li
- College of Medical Laboratory Science, Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning 116044 China
| | - Ying Fu
- College of Medical Laboratory Science, Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning 116044 China
| | - Na Liu
- College of Medical Laboratory Science, Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning 116044 China
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4
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Zhang QF, Xiao HM, An N, Zhu QF, Feng YQ. Determination of vitamin D metabolites in various biological samples through an improved chemical derivatization assisted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry approach. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:6009-6014. [PMID: 37927098 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01769a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) metabolites are involved in a variety of important metabolic processes and physiological effects in organisms. Profiling of VD metabolites favors a deep understanding of the physiological role of VD. However, VD metabolites are difficult to detect due to their high chemical structural rigidity, structural similarity, and low sensitivities under liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Herein, we present a chemical derivatization assisted LC-MS/MS strategy for the detection of VDs, in which 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (PTAD) is employed to derivatize the conjugated diene of VD metabolites and provides sensitizing reporters for MS detection. After PTAD derivatization, the sensitivities of seven VD metabolites increased by 24-276 folds, with the limits of detection ranging from 3 to 20 pg mL-1. Using this method, we achieved a sensitive and accurate quantification of 7 VD metabolites (vitamin D2, vitamin D3, 25-hydroxyvitamin D2, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and 1,24,25-trihydroxyvitamin D3) of the VD metabolic pathway in different trace biological samples, including human serum, mouse tissues (namely liver, kidney, lung, and spleen), and cells. We believe that the present method can provide a promising tool for an in-depth analysis of VD metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Feng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
- Hubei Geological Research Laboratory, Wuhan 430034, PR China
| | - Hua-Ming Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| | - Na An
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| | - Quan-Fei Zhu
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China.
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China.
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5
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Wang D, Xiao H, Lv X, Chen H, Wei F. Mass Spectrometry Based on Chemical Derivatization Has Brought Novel Discoveries to Lipidomics: A Comprehensive Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-32. [PMID: 37782560 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2261130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Lipids, as one of the most important organic compounds in organisms, are important components of cells and participate in energy storage and signal transduction of living organisms. As a rapidly rising field, lipidomics research involves the identification and quantification of multiple classes of lipid molecules, as well as the structure, function, dynamics, and interactions of lipids in living organisms. Due to its inherent high selectivity and high sensitivity, mass spectrometry (MS) is the "gold standard" analysis technique for small molecules in biological samples. The combination chemical derivatization with MS detection is a unique strategy that could improve MS ionization efficiency, facilitate structure identification and quantitative analysis. Herein, this review discusses derivatization-based MS strategies for lipidomic analysis over the past decade and focuses on all the reported lipid categories, including fatty acids and modified fatty acids, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, sterols and saccharolipids. The functional groups of lipids mainly involved in chemical derivatization include the C=C group, carboxyl group, hydroxyl group, amino group, carbonyl group. Furthermore, representative applications of these derivatization-based lipid profiling methods were summarized. Finally, challenges and countermeasures of lipid derivatization are mentioned and highlighted to guide future studies of derivatization-based MS strategy in lipidomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Huaming Xiao
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xin Lv
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Hong Chen
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Fang Wei
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
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6
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Takada K, Ogawa S, Yoshida N, Higashi T. Separation and identification of monoglucuronides of vitamin D 3 metabolites in urine by derivatization-assisted LC/ESI-MS/MS using a new Cookson-type reagent. ANAL SCI 2023:10.1007/s44211-023-00350-4. [PMID: 37131118 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-023-00350-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) method was developed using a new Cookson-type reagent, 4-[4-(1-pipelidinyl)phenyl]-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (PIPTAD), to analyze the monoglucuronides (Gs) of vitamin D3 metabolites in human urine. The G of 23S,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [23,25(OH)2D3] was previously found as a major metabolite of vitamin D3 in the urine, but its conjugation position remained undetermined. Determination of the position was an important research issue to clarify the whole picture of the excretion of surplus 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3, the circulating form of vitamin D3] in humans. After the pretreated urine sample was derivatized with PIPTAD, the peak corresponding to the G of 23,25(OH)2D3 was satisfactorily separated from the urine-derived interfering substances on reversed-phase LC, which could not be achieved by using the previous analogous reagent, DAPTAD. The PIPTAD-derivatized Gs of the vitamin D3 metabolites provided characteristic product ions useful for identifying the conjugation positions during the MS/MS. Accordingly, we successfully determined the glucuronidated position of 23,25(OH)2D3 to be the C23-hydroxy group. The developed method also enabled the simultaneous detection of Gs of 25(OH)D3 and 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 as well as 23,25(OH)2D3-23-G without interference from the urine components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunari Takada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Shoujiro Ogawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 1 Sanzo, Gakuen‑cho, Fukuyama, 729‑0292, Japan
| | - Natsuki Yoshida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Higashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
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7
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Bagheri N, Al Lawati HAJ, Hassanzadeh J, Al Lawati I. Novel amino-functionalized magnetic metal-organic framework/layered double hydroxide adsorbent for microfluidic solid phase extraction: Application for vitamin D 3. Talanta 2023; 256:124272. [PMID: 36709712 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent worldwide, especially with limited sun exposure and sun avoidance. Thus, reliable monitoring of vitamin D levels in food and biological samples is vital for medicinal diagnosis. Herein, a potent method for the extraction and determination of vitamin D3 is presented using a microchip-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) device followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) detection. A new magnetic adsorbent based on Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) modified ZnFe layered double hydroxide (LDH)/2-aminoterephthalic acid-Zn2+ metal-organic framework (IRMOF-3) composite (IRMOF-3@MLDH) was successfully synthesized and fixed inside a rectangular micro-column (4 × 2 × 12 mm). The porous structure and high surface area of IRMOF-3@MLDH provide abundant adsorbing sites and make it a potent SPE adsorbent, with an exceptional ability to retain vitamin D3. The adsorption isotherm showed that the composite was highly efficient at extracting vitamin D3 with an extraction capacity of 126 mg g-1. The designed extraction microchip simplified the SPE process, paving the way for automated SPE systems. The developed method presented a broad linear range of 5-2000 ng mL-1, with a detection limit of 1.4 ng mL-1. In comparison to conventional silica-based adsorbents, a higher sensitivity was obtained in the determination of vitamin D3 using the IRMOF-3@MLDH adsorbent. The selectivity of the method was also satisfactory, enabling the measurement of vitamin D3 in food and blood samples with high recovery values in the range from 95.2 to 101%. Thus, the newly developed adsorbent and method offer an efficient alternative to the commonly used C18-based approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Bagheri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Box 36, Al-Khod 123, Oman
| | - Haider A J Al Lawati
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Box 36, Al-Khod 123, Oman.
| | - Javad Hassanzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Box 36, Al-Khod 123, Oman
| | - Iman Al Lawati
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Box 36, Al-Khod 123, Oman
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8
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Takada K, Hagiwara Y, Togashi M, Kittaka A, Kawagoe F, Uesugi M, Nishimoto-Kusunose S, Higashi T. 23,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> is liberated as a major vitamin D<sub>3</sub> metabolite in human urine after treatment with β-glucuronidase: Quantitative comparison with 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> by LC/MS/MS. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 223:106133. [PMID: 35654380 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2022.106133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The complete understanding of the excretion of surplus 25-hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> [25(OH)D<sub>3</sub>] in humans remains to be accomplished. In our previous study, 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> [24,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>] 24-glucuronide was identified as a major urinary vitamin D<sub>3</sub> metabolite, while the glucuronide of 23,25-dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> [23,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>] is another metabolite of interest but has not been sufficiently evaluated. Although the quantitative analysis of 24,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> liberated in urine by the treatment with β-glucuronidase (GUS) has been conducted, no information was provided about the amount of the glucuronidated 23,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> in the urine. In this study, we first developed and validated a liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS)-based method for the simultaneous quantification of 23,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> and 24,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> liberated in urine by GUS. The analysis of the urine samples revealed that the amount of 23,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> was almost as much as that of 24,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>, in contrast to the fact that the plasma concentration of 23,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> was much lower than that of 24,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>. These results strongly suggested that 23,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> is more susceptible to glucuronidation and more promptly excreted into urine than 24,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>. Furthermore, the amount ratios of 23,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> to 24,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> in the urine samples did not markedly vary during the day (morning/evening) and even by a week-long vitamin D<sub>3</sub> supplementation (1000 IU/body/day). We concluded that the C-23 hydroxylation plays a crucial role in the urinary excretion of surplus 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub>.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunari Takada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yukino Hagiwara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Moeka Togashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kittaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Kawagoe
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Motonari Uesugi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan; Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shoichi Nishimoto-Kusunose
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Higashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
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9
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Alexandridou A, Volmer DA. Sample preparation techniques for extraction of vitamin D metabolites from non-conventional biological sample matrices prior to LC-MS/MS analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:4613-4632. [PMID: 35501505 PMCID: PMC9174318 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04097-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The determination of vitamin D metabolites as status marker or for diagnostic purposes is almost entirely conducted from blood serum or plasma. Other biological matrices, however, have also interested researchers, for two main reasons: (1) alternative matrices may allow non-invasive sampling, permit easier sample transfer and require less demanding storage conditions; and (2) the levels of vitamin D metabolites in other body compartments may further aid the understanding of vitamin D metabolism and function. Thus, the development of reliable and efficient sample preparation protocols for sample matrices other than serum/plasma, which will remove potential interferences and selectively extract the targeted metabolites, is of great importance. This review summarizes sample preparation methods for measurement of vitamin D metabolites using liquid chromatography-(tandem)mass spectrometry in more than ten different human tissues, including hair, saliva, adipose tissue, brain and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Alexandridou
- Bioanalytical Chemistry, Humboldt University Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietrich A Volmer
- Bioanalytical Chemistry, Humboldt University Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
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10
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Hsu S, Zelnick LR, Lin YS, Best CM, Kestenbaum BR, Thummel KE, Hoofnagle AN, de Boer IH. Validation of the 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 to 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 ratio as a biomarker of 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 clearance. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 217:106047. [PMID: 34954017 PMCID: PMC8837693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.106047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The formation of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25(OH)2D) from 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is the primary mechanism for the metabolic clearance of 25(OH)D, and is regulated by tissue-level vitamin D activity. The ratio of 24,25(OH)2D3 to 25(OH)D3 in blood (vitamin D metabolite ratio, VDMR) is postulated to be a marker of 25(OH)D3 clearance, however this has never been tested. We measured baseline 24,25(OH)2D3 and 25(OH)D3 concentrations in 87 participants by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Following an infusion of deuterated 25(OH)D3, blood samples for each participant were collected over 56 days and analyzed for deuterated vitamin D metabolites. 25(OH)D3 clearance and the deuterated metabolite-to-parent AUC ratio (ratio of the AUC of deuterated 24,25(OH)2D3 to that of deuterated 25(OH)D3) were calculated. We compared the VDMR with these two measures using correlation coefficients and linear regression. Participants had a mean age of 64 ± 11years, 41 % were female, 30 % were self-described Black, 28 % had non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) and 23 % had kidney failure treated with hemodialysis. The VDMR was strongly correlated with 25(OH)D3 clearance and the deuterated metabolite-to-parent AUC ratio (r = 0.51 and 0.76, respectively). Adjusting for 25(OH)D3 clearance or the deuterated metabolite-to-parent AUC ratio in addition to clinical covariates, lower VDMR was observed in participants with CKD and kidney failure than in healthy controls; in Black than White participants; and in those with lower serum albumin. Our findings validate the VDMR as a measure of 25(OH)D3 clearance. This relationship was biased by characteristics including race and kidney disease, which warrant consideration in studies assessing the VDMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
| | - Leila R Zelnick
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Yvonne S Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Cora M Best
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Bryan R Kestenbaum
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kenneth E Thummel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Andrew N Hoofnagle
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Ian H de Boer
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Puget Sound VA Healthcare System, Seattle, WA, United States
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11
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A newly developed and validated LC-MS/MS method for measuring 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC) concentration in human skin: a tool for vitamin D photobiology research. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 21:2001-2009. [PMID: 35904704 PMCID: PMC9630186 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00274-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND UVB absorption by 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC) in the skin triggers the production of vitamin D and its metabolites, which maintain calcium homeostasis. Detection and measurement of 7DHC in skin using modern liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) techniques have been lacking, yet there is need for such a technique to provide more information on 7DHC concentration and its UVB responses in human skin. OBJECTIVES To develop and validate a reliable method to measure 7DHC concentration in skin. METHODS Human skin punch biopsies of 5 mm diameter obtained through the Manchester Skin Health Biobank were utilised. 7DHC was extracted with ethyl acetate:methanol 1:1 (v/v) and derivatised using 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (PTAD), to allow for improved ionisation of 7DHC through Electrospray Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS). Solid supported liquid extraction (SLE) was also employed to allow the removal of larger lipids from 7DHC and minimise potential matrix effects. RESULTS The LC-MS/MS assay satisfied International Council for Harmonisation research standards for method validation. Calibration curve was linear with a typical r2 of 0.997, coefficient of variation was 11.1% and 4.32% for inter-assay and intra-assay imprecision, respectively. Lower limit of quantification was 1.6 µg/g and upper limit of quantification was 100 µg/g, SLE recovery of 7DHC was on average 91.4%. CONCLUSIONS We have developed a robust, precise and accurate assay for the detection and quantification of 7DHC in small samples of human skin (0.2 cm2 surface area). This novel method of extraction and quantification will be valuable to future vitamin D photobiology research.
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Tuddenham C, Greaves RF, Rajapaksa AE, Wark JD, Zakaria R. Detection of Vitamin D Metabolites in Breast Milk: Perspectives and challenges for measurement by Liquid Chromatography Tandem-Mass Spectrometry. Clin Biochem 2021; 97:1-10. [PMID: 34419456 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Breast milk is an emerging matrix for vitamin D assessment of breastfed infants and their mothers. It is considered a more reliable indicator of infant intake than the assessment of maternal circulating vitamin D. With the improved sensitivity of mass spectrometry-based technologies, this method principle has been the recent mainstay for the quantitation of various vitamin D metabolites in breast milk for population-based clinical trials. There are still several areas across the total testing process (pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical) to be defined and harmonised to translate breast milk vitamin D measurement by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) from population-based research to routine clinical use and public health applications. Pre-analytically, the determination of the best form of vitamin D to measure in breast milk requires more evidence. Analytically, standardisation of the methods to allow for comparability of results is required. Post analytically, breast milk vitamin D decision limits are needed to turn the individual numerical outputs into clinically meaningful results. This review aims to synthesise the current evidence and utility of measurement of breast milk vitamin D by LC-MS/MS and to lead a future discussion on best practices to allow for its clinical utility beyond its current research-based use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlie Tuddenham
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Victoria, Australia; Sonic Healthcare, Melbourne Pathology, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ronda F Greaves
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Victoria, Australia; Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Victoria Australia; Emerging Technologies Division, International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | - Anushi E Rajapaksa
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Victoria Australia; New Vaccines, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Think Project Global, Clayton, VIC, Australia; The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Womens's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - John D Wark
- Royal Melbourne Hospital Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Bone and Mineral Medicine and Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia
| | - Rosita Zakaria
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Australia.
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13
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Tashkandi N, Zhao Y, Mitchell-Lee G, Stephens D, Patel M, Motro M, Will LA, Kantarci A. Longitudinal assessment of salivary vitamin D binding protein during orthodontic tooth movement. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:332. [PMID: 34225707 PMCID: PMC8256539 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01689-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D is critical for bone physiology. In this study, we quantified Vitamin D Binding Protein (VitDBP) levels in saliva as a measure of Vitamin D during orthodontic tooth movement. Methods In this longitudinal study, saliva samples were collected from 73 orthodontic patients for 4 timepoints for the first six months of orthodontic treatment, along with dental casts at the beginning and the end of the study period. The saliva was measured for VitDBP as a biological marker for bone apposition and clinical tooth movement. We used the absolute change in Little's Irregularity Index as a quantitative measure for alignment. In addition, we measured the levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in saliva as a marker of bone turnover. Results Both low (< 2.75 ng/ml) and high (> 6.48 ng/ml) VitDBP levels were associated with reduced tooth movement. Significant (p < 0.05) seasonal changes in VitDBP using a two-season year model were found with lower levels observed in the summer (Apr–Sept) than in the winter (Oct–Mar). Conclusions Clinically significant orthodontic tooth movement is associated with an optimal range of VitDBP in saliva. Normal levels of VitDBP correlated with more orthodontic tooth movement, suggesting a "normal" range of salivary content of VitDBP. Given the strong trend that is independent of the confounding factors (ex. age, race or gender), the predictive value or salivary VitDBP for tooth movement should be studied in larger cohorts in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Tashkandi
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, Forsyth Institute, 245 First St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.,Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Boston University Henry M Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yihong Zhao
- Department of Applied Psychology, Center of Alcohol and Substance Use Studies, School of Applied and Professional Psychology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Gabrielle Mitchell-Lee
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Boston University Henry M Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Danielle Stephens
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, Forsyth Institute, 245 First St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Michele Patel
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, Forsyth Institute, 245 First St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Melih Motro
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Boston University Henry M Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leslie A Will
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Boston University Henry M Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alpdogan Kantarci
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, Forsyth Institute, 245 First St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA. .,School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
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14
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Song H, Wang X, Hou S, Zhang Y, Luo X, Li T, Ji S. Economical irregular silica as an effective dispersive solid-phase extraction sorbent for the quantification of calcitriol in soft capsules. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 203:114227. [PMID: 34198196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Calcitriol is an active product of vitamin D produced by the liver and kidney hydroxylase metabolism with strong physiological activity. It is the preferred form of medicine for patients with insufficient bone mineralization due to chronic kidney disease. Calcitriol soft capsule is one of the common preparation forms, the main drug content of which is very low (1.55 μg g-1), and the pharmaceutical excipients interfere greatly, especially the oily matrix medium-chain triglycerides. Therefore, removing the interference of oily matrix is the main challenge in the content determination. At present, the commonly used sample purification method for the determination of calcitriol in soft capsules is liquid-liquid extraction, but it usually consumes a lot of toxic organic solvents and it is costly. The adoption of SPE purification method, on the one hand, requires specific experimental equipment, and on the other hand, the organic solvent used in the experiment may cause the dissolution of SPE column tube materials, which will interfere with the subsequent detection. Herein, in order to achieve a cost-effective and reliable determination of calcitriol soft capsule content, we developed a dispersive solid-phase (DSPE) extraction method that directly uses irregular silica as sorbent, which is followed by high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a UV detector(HPLC-UV)analysis. Selective retention of calcitriol is achieved by the polar interaction between calcitriol and silica, what's more, sufficient contact between washing solvent and sorbent can be guaranteed. Therefore, after pretreatment with DSPE, the interference of oily matrix on detection can be mostly removed and then improve the accuracy of the method compared to the SPE method. Under the optimal conditions of DSPE, calcitriol showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.15-2.99 μg g-1, the R2 was 0.997. Satisfactory recoveries ranging from 101.1%-102.0% for calcitriol were achieved in the oily matrix at the levels of 0.75, 1.50 and 2.24 μg g-1. And the intra-day and inter-day RSD were less than 2.5 % and 3.2 %. Meanwhile, the LOD and LOQ of calcitriol was 0.01 μg g-1 and 0.02 μg g-1, which is in full compliance with the regulatory level fixed by the EU, China or other countries. This method was further verified to determine the content of calcitriol in commercial calcitriol soft capsules and the recoveries of three batches of products was 86.2 %-94.4 %. Based on these characteristics, the proposed method makes it possible to determine the low content of weakly polar drugs in the oily matrix in a simple, low-cost and reliable way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24, Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xingchen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24, Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Siyu Hou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24, Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24, Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1, Bei-er-tiao, Zhong-guan-cun, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Tengfei Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Shunli Ji
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24, Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Herrera-Quintana L, Gamarra-Morales Y, Vázquez-Lorente H, Molina-López J, Castaño-Pérez J, Machado-Casas JF, Coca-Zúñiga R, Pérez-Villares JM, Planells E. Bad Prognosis in Critical Ill Patients with COVID-19 during Short-Term ICU Stay regarding Vitamin D Levels. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061988. [PMID: 34207873 PMCID: PMC8229686 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Vitamin D inadequacy may be involved in the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and in potential risk factors for disease propagation or control of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study assessed a short-term evolution of vitamin D status and its influence upon different clinical parameters in critically ill patients with COVID-19. METHODS A prospective analytical study in which 37 critically ill volunteers between 41 and 71 years of age with COVID-19 were evaluated at baseline and three days of intensive care unit (ICU) stay. 25-OH-D3 and 25-OH-D2 were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and total 25-OH-D levels were calculated as the sum of both. RESULTS All patients presented low 25-OH-D levels at baseline, decreasing total 25-OH-D (p = 0.011) mainly through 25-OH-D2 (p = 0.006) levels during ICU stay. 25-OH-D2 levels decreased a mean of 41.6% ± 89.6% versus 7.0% ± 23.4% for the 25-OH-D3 form during the ICU stay. Patients who did not need invasive mechanical ventilation presented higher levels of 25-OH-D2 at baseline and follow-up. Lower 25-OH-D and 25-OH-D3 levels were associated with higher D-dimer at baseline (p = 0.003; p = 0.001) and at follow up (p = 0.029), higher procalcitonin levels (p = 0.002; p = 0.018) at follow up, and lower percentage lymphocyte counts (p = 0.044; p = 0.040) during ICU stay. CONCLUSIONS Deficient vitamin D status in critical patients was established at the admission and further worsened after three days of stay. Lower vitamin D levels were related to key altered clinical and biochemical parameters on patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Given the different response of the 25-OH-D3 and 25-OH-D2 forms, it would be useful to monitor them on the evolution of the critically ill patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Herrera-Quintana
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “Jose Mataix”, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (L.H.-Q.); (Y.G.-M.); (H.V.-L.)
| | - Yenifer Gamarra-Morales
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “Jose Mataix”, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (L.H.-Q.); (Y.G.-M.); (H.V.-L.)
| | - Héctor Vázquez-Lorente
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “Jose Mataix”, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (L.H.-Q.); (Y.G.-M.); (H.V.-L.)
| | - Jorge Molina-López
- Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.M.-L.); (E.P.)
| | - José Castaño-Pérez
- Intensive Care Unit, Virgen de las Nieves Hospital, Fuerzas Armadas Avenue, 18014 Granada, Spain; (J.C.-P.); (J.F.M.-C.); (R.C.-Z.); (J.M.P.-V.)
| | - Juan Francisco Machado-Casas
- Intensive Care Unit, Virgen de las Nieves Hospital, Fuerzas Armadas Avenue, 18014 Granada, Spain; (J.C.-P.); (J.F.M.-C.); (R.C.-Z.); (J.M.P.-V.)
| | - Ramón Coca-Zúñiga
- Intensive Care Unit, Virgen de las Nieves Hospital, Fuerzas Armadas Avenue, 18014 Granada, Spain; (J.C.-P.); (J.F.M.-C.); (R.C.-Z.); (J.M.P.-V.)
| | - José Miguel Pérez-Villares
- Intensive Care Unit, Virgen de las Nieves Hospital, Fuerzas Armadas Avenue, 18014 Granada, Spain; (J.C.-P.); (J.F.M.-C.); (R.C.-Z.); (J.M.P.-V.)
| | - Elena Planells
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “Jose Mataix”, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (L.H.-Q.); (Y.G.-M.); (H.V.-L.)
- Correspondence: (J.M.-L.); (E.P.)
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16
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Vázquez-Lorente H, Molina-López J, Herrera-Quintana L, Gamarra-Morales Y, López-González B, Planells E. Effectiveness of eight-week zinc supplementation on vitamin D 3 status and leptin levels in a population of postmenopausal women: a double-blind randomized trial. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 65:126730. [PMID: 33607357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The menopausal period is characterized by hormonal imbalance related to the alteration of parameters involved in lipid metabolism. In addition, menopause increases the risk of deficiencies of key vitamins and minerals such as vitamin D and zinc in such women. The present study investigates the influence of zinc supplementation on the status of vitamin D3 and other lipid parameters in postmenopausal women. METHODS Fifty-one healthy postmenopausal women aged 44-76 years from the province of Granada (Spain) were divided into two groups (placebo and zinc) of 25 and 26 women, respectively. The zinc group was supplemented with 50 mg/day of zinc for 8 weeks. Nutrient intake assessment was performed by means of a 24 -h reminder. Zinc was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Vitamin D was analyzed by liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry. Leptin was determined by enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS Zinc supplementation improved the initial vitamin D3 status of the postmenopausal population (p = 0.049). Plasma levels of 25-OH-D3 increased significantly after Zn supplementation in women with lower age at menopause (p = 0.045). Both intake and plasma zinc levels were inversely correlated to serum leptin levels (p = 0.044 and p = 0.033, respectively), being significantly lower in lower age at menopause (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Zinc supplementation improved vitamin D3 status and was associated to low leptin levels in the postmenopausal women of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Vázquez-Lorente
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy. Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Jorge Molina-López
- Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sport Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007, Huelva, Spain.
| | - Lourdes Herrera-Quintana
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy. Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Yenifer Gamarra-Morales
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy. Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Beatriz López-González
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy. Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Elena Planells
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy. Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
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17
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Huynh K, Kempegowda P, Tamblyn J, O' Reilly MW, Mueller JW, Hewison M, Jenkinson C. Development of a LC-MS/MS method to measure serum 3-sulfate and 3-glucuronide 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 metabolites; comparisons to unconjugated 25OHD in pregnancy and polycystic ovary syndrome. Steroids 2021; 169:108812. [PMID: 33636208 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D status is routinely assessed by measuring circulating concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD2 or 25OHD3). However as deconjugation is not routinely incorporated into sample treatment prior to analysis, conjugated forms of 25OHD (particularly the more abundant 25OHD3) are often not considered in determining serum concentrations of total 25OHD. Two major circulating conjugated forms of 25OHD3 are 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-3-sulfate (25OHD3-S) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-3-glucuronide (25OHD3-G). Incorporating these two conjugated metabolites into the measurement of vitamin D status could improve our understanding of vitamin D status in health, particularly if there are changes in sulfation and glucuronidation activities. The aim of this study was to develop a liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) targeted method for measurement of 25OHD3-S and 25OHD3-G in serum to enable comparisons with circulating levels of the free 25OHD3 form. We developed and validated a new LC-MS/MS method that measured both 25OHD3-S and 25OHD3-G following a solid phase extraction sample preparation method. Partial separation of analytes by LC, and the separation of analytes by the optimized multiple reaction monitoring transitions enabled the quantitation of both 25OHD3-S and 25OHD3-G in the single method. Serum concentrations of 25OHD3-S (24.7 ± 11.8 ng/mL) and 25OHD3-G (2.4 ± 1.2 ng/mL) were shown to be a significant proportion of circulating vitamin D metabolites in healthy donor serums. These levels of 25OHD3-S and 25OHD3-G closely associated with 25OHD3 concentrations, r = 0.728, p = 0.001 and r = 0.632, p = 0.006 respectively. However in serum from pregnant women and non-pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) significant differences in the ratios between conjugated and free 25OHD3 were observed between pregnancy groups (25OHD3/25OHD3-S and 25OHD3/25OHD3-G p < 0.001), and between healthy and PCOS subjects (25OHD3/25OHD3-G p < 0.050). Development of this novel high-throughput LC-MS/MS method indicates that 25OHD3-S and 25OHD3-G are substantial components of circulating vitamin D metabolites. The concentrations of these metabolites relative to conventional 25OHD3 may vary in different physiological and pathophysiological settings, and may therefore play an unrecognized but important role in the actions of vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Huynh
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - P Kempegowda
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - J Tamblyn
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - M W O' Reilly
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J W Mueller
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - M Hewison
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - C Jenkinson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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Lote-Oke R, Pawar J, Kulkarni S, Sanas P, Kajale N, Gondhalekar K, Khadilkar V, Kamat S, Khadilkar A. A LC-MS method for 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 measurements from dried blood spots for an epidemiological survey in India. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19873. [PMID: 33199793 PMCID: PMC7670412 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76955-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D, a secosteroid, plays an important role in several physiological processes, and its deficiency can lead to numerous pathophysiological conditions in humans. The primary objective of this study was to develop and validate the robustness of a mass spectrometry-based method capable of quantifying 25(OH)D3 for an upcoming epidemiological survey in India and to pilot test it on healthy volunteers. We first describe the development and validation of various experimental parameters that ascertain the robustness and reliability of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) extractions and quantitative measurements from Dried Blood Spot (DBS) samples, where we used eight disks of 3 mm each, punched from the circular spot covering the entire circumference of the spot. Next, we conducted a pilot study, comparing 25(OH)D3 levels from serum and DBS samples from 45 participants using a protocol developed for specifically this purpose. We found that the mean 25(OH)D3 concentrations in DBS samples were comparable to the serum levels (P > 0.05). In summary, our extraction and LC–MS protocol for quantitative 25(OH)D3 measurements are robust and reproducible, and will serve as an invaluable tool for upcoming epidemiological surveys in India and perhaps around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Lote-Oke
- Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, India
| | - Jwala Pawar
- Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, India
| | - Shriram Kulkarni
- Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, India
| | - Prasanna Sanas
- Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, India
| | - Neha Kajale
- Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, India
| | | | - Vaman Khadilkar
- Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, India
| | - Siddhesh Kamat
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
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Yoshimura Y, Togashi M, Ogawa S, Higashi T. 3-Epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 is a poor substrate for SULT2A1: Analysis of its 3-sulfate in cord plasma and recombinant human SULT2A1 incubate. Steroids 2020; 162:108695. [PMID: 32649998 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A variety of metabolites derived from 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3], including its 3-epimer [Epi-25(OH)D3] and 3-O-sulfate [25(OH)D3-3S], is found in human plasma/serum. We hypothesized that the 3-O-sulfate of Epi-25(OH)D3 [Epi-25(OH)D3-3S] might be present in plasma/serum. Clarifying this point could improve our understanding of the metabolism of vitamin D3. In this study, we first carefully analyzed the cord plasma samples by derivatization-assisted liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry and demonstrated the occurrence of Epi-25(OH)D3-3S in the plasma. However, the concentration ratio of Epi-25(OH)D3-3S to 25(OH)D3-3S (sulfated form) was infinitely lower than the ratio of Epi-25(OH)D3 to 25(OH)D3 (unconjugated form). To determine what caused this result, we next performed an in vitro experiment of the 3-O-sulfation for 25(OH)D3 and Epi-25(OH)D3 using the recombinant human sulfotransferase (SULT) 2A1. This in vitro experiment revealed that Epi-25(OH)D3 is a poor substrate for the 3-O-sulfation catalyzed by SULT2A1 as compared to 25(OH)D3. This substrate specificity of SULT2A1 would be the main cause for the result obtained from the analysis of the cord plasma samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Yoshimura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Moeka Togashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Shoujiro Ogawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 1 Sanzo, Gakuen-cho, Fukuyama-shi, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Higashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
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Determination of Vitamins D2 and D3 in Edible Fungus by Reversed-Phase Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography. J FOOD QUALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/8869279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is the name given to a series of compounds with antirachitic activity. In this study, we developed a method for quantification of the common Vitamin D, ergocalciferol (vitamin D2), and cholecalciferol (vitamin D3), in edible fungus by reversed-phase two-dimensional liquid chromatography. The sample was saponified by KOH ethanol solution and extracted with ethyl acetate and n-hexane. After reconcentration, the sample was directly injected for instrumental analysis. The results showed that the spiking recoveries of vitamin D2 and vitamin D3 were 80.4–93.8% and 82.3–92.0%, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) were all less than 5%. Comparing to the results of isotope dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, there were no significant differences (P>0.05). The method was applied for testing vitamin D2 and D3 in 9 kinds of edible mushrooms. It showed that vitamin D3 was not detected. The content of vitamin D2 ranged from 0.11 μg/100 g to 123 μg/100 g. The content of vitamin D2 in dried mushroom was the highest, while that in fresh mushroom was the lowest. The limit of quantification was 0.025 μg/100 g.
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21
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Abstract
Introduction Vitamin D is a micronutrient that plays a large role in bone disease, and researchers are now discovering that it also does so in non-skeletal disease, thus making high-quality analytical determination necessary. To make this determination, a series of immunochemical and physical methods are used. These methods present a series of different ways of handling samples as well as different methodologies that bring a series of advantages and limitations based on the scope of work in which the vitamin D analysis methodology is applied. Although the Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is the gold standard method of analytical vitamin D determination, and is the only one to offer a more complete and accurate view of all metabolites of this vitamin, it is necessary to standardize all the analysis methodologies that allow accurate, reliable and quality analytical determination, since it is essential to obtain results that can reliably be extrapolated to the population, and that can be decisive in assessing a large number of pathologies.
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22
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Lyu H, Wang S, Jin Y, Shen R, Chen J, Zhu C, Chen B, Wu C. Simultaneous determination of VD2, VD3, 25(OH) D2, and 25(OH) D3 in human plasma using electrospray LC-MS/MS as well as its application to evaluate VD plasma levels in depressive, schizophrenic patients and healthy individuals. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4932. [PMID: 32592191 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D measurements in biological fluids by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) have been widely used but remain challenging at very low concentration levels. Rapid, high recovery, sensitive and reliable measurements of vitamin D, as well as its primary metabolites using LC-MS/MS are urgently needed for a routine clinical laboratory. Herein, we reported a novel electrospray LC-MS/MS method for determining vitamin D and its primary metabolites using the supported liquid extraction method to achieve higher recoveries, with optimized pH values to achieve optimal derivatization efficiency for higher sensitivity and selected chromatographic conditions to shorten the separation time. The method has been validated with respect to selectivity, recovery, matrix effects, accuracy and precision, stabilities, carryover and dilution effects. The method has been successfully applied to quantify the VD plasma concentrations of depressive, schizophrenic patients and healthy individuals. The result showed that there were significant differences in plasma VD levels between mental disorder patients with healthy individuals, and the total VD levels in mental disorder patients were much higher than healthy individuals, which might require larger clinical samples for validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Lyu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Xianyue Hospital, Xiamen 361012, China
| | - Suping Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cell Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ying Jin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - Rong Shen
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jiayun Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cell Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chunyan Zhu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cell Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Binbin Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Xianyue Hospital, Xiamen 361012, China
| | - Caisheng Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cell Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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Makris K, Sempos C, Cavalier E. The measurement of vitamin D metabolites part II-the measurement of the various vitamin D metabolites. Hormones (Athens) 2020; 19:97-107. [PMID: 32221839 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-020-00188-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Today, the possibility exists to measure a number of different vitamin D metabolites with accurate and precise methods. The most abundant vitamin D metabolite, 25(OH)D, is considered the best marker for estimating vitamin D status and is therefore the most commonly measured in clinical practice. There is no consensus on the added value of measuring other metabolites beyond 25-hydroxyvitamin D, although, in some special clinical scenarios and complicated cases, these metabolites may provide just the information needed for an accurate diagnosis. The problem this review addresses is which metabolite to measure and when and how to measure it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Makris
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, KAT General Hospital, 2 Nikis Str., 14561, Kifissia, Greece.
| | - Christopher Sempos
- Vitamin D Standardization Program (VDSP), Havre de Grace, MD, 21078, USA
| | - Etienne Cavalier
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Liege, CHU de Liege, Belgium
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24
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Screening and Treatment of Vitamin D Deficiency in UK Patients with Crohn's Disease: Self-Reported Practice among Gastroenterologists. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12041064. [PMID: 32290515 PMCID: PMC7230977 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is no UK national recommendation to measure vitamin D levels in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Patients with IBD are at risk of developing vitamin D deficiency with the highest prevalence frequently reported in those with Crohn’s disease (CD). Treating vitamin D deficiency as part of CD management continues to be of interest. Our aim was to identify influences on practice and self-reported practice among British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG)-IBD section members in the screening and the treatment of vitamin D deficiency in patients with CD. A web-based survey was distributed via email to members of the BSG-IBD section. Reported screening practice was generally annual in those with a history of previous surgery related to CD or small bowel CD. A total of 83% of respondents (n = 64) thought that vitamin D levels should be routinely monitored in patients with CD. Treatments for mild/moderate deficiency included increased sunlight exposure (mean frequency = 21, SD = 15) and dietary advice (mean frequency = 22, SD = 14); in moderate/severe deficiency, oral supplementation was recommended (mean frequency = 14, SD = 13). Respondents reported factors most likely to influence practice, including clearer evidence and guidance. Well conducted studies in CD patients with identified vitamin D deficiency are needed to inform national guidance and clinical practice.
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Liu Y, Chen X, Yuan S, Liu W, He L, Zhang Q. Quantification of Alfacalcidol Tablets Dissolution Content by Chemical Derivatization and LC-MS. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2020; 2020:6201656. [PMID: 32089948 PMCID: PMC7029283 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6201656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Application of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in analyzing the content of alfacalcidol tablets dissolution faces big challenges due to the low amount of alfacalcidol in each tablet and the low ionization efficacy of the compound with electrospray ionization (ESI) or atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization (APCI). Here, extraction, derivatization, and LC-MS quantitation method have been developed and validated for measuring alfacalcidol tablets dissolution content. After alfacalcidol dissolution solution was extracted with dichloromethane to remove surfactant and inorganic salts, alfacalcidol was then derivatized via a Cookson reagent, 4-phenyl-1, 2, 4-triazoline-3, 5-dione (PTAD), under ambient conditions. Alfacalcidol derivative was successfully analyzed by LC-MS. Limit of detection (LOD) of the derivatized alfacalcidol was improved 100 times (0.01 μg/mL) compared with the nontreated compound (1 μg/mL). The new method was then validated following International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidance. The method shows a good linearity with r 2 > 0.99. Interday and intraday reproducibility was 3.3% and 7.9%, respectively. This procedure can be used in quantification of alfacalcidol tablets dissolution content and corresponding pharmaceutical quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Xi Chen
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
- YanTai University, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Song Yuan
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Wanhui Liu
- YanTai University, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Lan He
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Qingsheng Zhang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
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26
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Oberson JM, Bénet S, Redeuil K, Campos-Giménez E. Quantitative analysis of vitamin D and its main metabolites in human milk by supercritical fluid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 412:365-375. [PMID: 31832707 PMCID: PMC6992569 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02248-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A novel method to quantitate vitamin D and its main metabolites (vitamin D3, vitamin D2, and their 25-hydroxy metabolites) in breast milk by supercritical fluid chromatography has been developed and fully validated. A small volume of sample (1 mL) is subjected to ethanolic protein precipitation and liquid-liquid extraction. Final extracts are derivatized with 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione and vitamin D derivatives analyzed by supercritical fluid chromatography hyphenated to tandem mass spectrometry with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization. Multiple reaction monitoring is used for quantitation. Separation conditions were optimized using a gradient of methanol-water-ammonium formate into carbon dioxide. Make-up solvent was methanol containing ammonium formate. The quantitation limit reached levels as low as 50 pmol/L, with intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations lower than 15% and 20% for all analytes. Accuracy was evaluated by spiking experiments and was well within acceptability ratios (± 15%). The method was then applied to a subset of commercially available human milk samples. The newly developed method provides opportunities to determine the nutritional status of mother-infant dyads from a non-invasive measure, or for interventional or observational studies building knowledge on the composition of human milk. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Oberson
- Nestlé Research, Route du Jorat 57, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1000, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Bénet
- Nestlé Research, Route du Jorat 57, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1000, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - K Redeuil
- Nestlé Research, Route du Jorat 57, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1000, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - E Campos-Giménez
- Nestlé Research, Route du Jorat 57, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1000, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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27
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Sereshti H, Toloutehrani A, Nodeh HR. Determination of cholecalciferol (vitamin D 3) in bovine milk by dispersive micro-solid phase extraction based on the magnetic three-dimensional graphene-sporopollenin sorbent. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1136:121907. [PMID: 31835164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this research, a new magnetic sorbent material composed of three-dimensional graphene aerogel decorated with Fe3O4 nanoparticles attached to hollow sporopollenin exine capsules was synthesized and applied for extraction of vitamin D3 before HPLC-UV analysis. The adsorbent was characterized by FT-IR, SEM, VSM, and zeta potential techniques. The important parameters of the extraction process, including adsorbent dosage, desorption conditions, adsorption time, pH, and salt concentration, were investigated. Under the optimized condition, the method analytical figures of merit were evaluated as follows: linear dynamic range, 10-500 μg L-1; limit of detection, 3.01 μg L-1; determination coefficient (R2), 0.9960; intra-day RSD, 5.28%; and inter-day RSD, 8.17%. The applicability of the method was assessed for the determination of vitamin D3 in different unfortified and fortified bovine milk samples, and the recoveries in the 71.8-113.3% range with the RSDs within 1.4-7.0% were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Sereshti
- School of Chemistry, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Hamid Rashidi Nodeh
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Industry, Standard Research Institute, Karaj, Iran; School of Chemistry, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-MS/MS (UHPLC-MS/MS) in practice: analysis of drugs and pharmaceutical formulations. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-019-0007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
UHPLC-MS/MS is connected in various research facilities for the qualitative and quantitative investigation of a pharmaceutical substance, pharmaceutical items, and biological specimen.
Main body
The commence review article is an endeavor to offer pervasive awareness around assorted aspects and details about the UHPLC-MS/MS and related techniques with the aim on practice to an estimation of medicinal active agents in the last 10 years. The article also focused on isolation, separation, and characterization of present impurity in drug and biological samples.
Conclusion
Review article compiles a general overview of medicinally important drugs and their analysis with UHPLC-MS/MS. It gives fundamental thought regarding applications of UHPLC-MS/MS for the study on safety limit. The summary of developed UHPLC-MS/MS methods gives a contribution to the future trend and limitations in this area of research.
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29
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Jenkinson C. The vitamin D metabolome: An update on analysis and function. Cell Biochem Funct 2019; 37:408-423. [PMID: 31328813 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Current understanding of vitamin D tends to be focussed on the measurement of the major circulating form 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3) and its conversion to the active hormonal form, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1α,25(OH)2 D3) via the enzyme 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1). However, whilst these metabolites form the endocrine backbone of vitamin D physiology, it is important to recognise that there are other metabolic and catabolic pathways that are now recognised as being crucially important to vitamin D function. These pathways include C3-epimerization, CYP24A1 hydroxylase, CYP11A1 alternative metabolism of vitamin D3, and phase II metabolism. Endogenous metabolites beyond 25OHD3 are usually present at low endogenous levels and may only be functional in specific target tissues rather than in the general circulation. However, the technologies available to measure these metabolites have also improved, so that measurement of alternative vitamin D metabolic pathways may become more routine in the near future. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the various pathways of vitamin D metabolism, as well as describe the analytical techniques currently available to measure these vitamin D metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Jenkinson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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30
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Significance of Thermal Isomerisation on the Quantitation of Total Vitamin D3 in Foods. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01434-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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31
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Tuckey RC, Cheng CYS, Slominski AT. The serum vitamin D metabolome: What we know and what is still to discover. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 186:4-21. [PMID: 30205156 PMCID: PMC6342654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D, referring to the two forms, D2 from the diet and D3 primarily derived from phototransformation in the skin, is a prohormone important in human health. The most hormonally active form, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1α,25(OH)2D), formed from vitamin D via 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), is not only important for regulating calcium metabolism, but has many pleiotropic effects including regulation of the immune system and has anti-cancer properties. The major circulating form of vitamin D is 25(OH)D and both D2 and D3 forms are routinely measured by LC/MS/MS to assess vitamin D status, due to their relatively long half-lives and much higher concentrations compared to 1α,25(OH)2D. Inactivation of both 25(OH)D and 1α,25(OH)2D is catalyzed by CYP24A1 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 3-epimerase. Initial products from these enzymes acting on 25(OH)D3 are 24R,25(OH)2D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3, respectively, and both of these can also be measured routinely in some clinical laboratories to further document vitamin D status. With advances in LC/MS/MS and its increased availability, and with the help of studies with recombinant vitamin D-metabolizing enzymes, many other vitamin D metabolites have now been detected and in some cases quantitated, in human serum. CYP11A1 which catalyzes the first step in steroidogenesis, has been found to also act on vitamins D3 and D2 hydroxylating both at C20, but with some secondary metabolites produced by subsequent hydroxylations at other positions on the side chain. The major vitamin D3 metabolite, 20S-hydroxyvitamin D3 (20S(OH)D3), shows biological activity, often similar to 1α,25(OH)2D3 but without calcemic effects. Using standards produced enzymatically by purified CYP11A1 and characterized by NMR, many of these new metabolites have been detected in human serum, with semi-quantitative measurement of 20S(OH)D3 indicating it is present at comparable concentrations to 24R,25(OH)2D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3. Recently, vitamin D-related hydroxylumisterols derived from lumisterol3, a previtamin D3 photoproduct, have also been measured in human serum and displayed biological activity in initial in vitro studies. With the current extensive knowledge on the reactions and pathways of metabolism of vitamin D, especially those catalyzed by CYP24A1, CYP27A1, CYP27B1, CYP3A4 and CYP11A1, it is likely that many other of the resulting hydroxyvitamin D metabolites will be measured in human serum in the future, some contributing to a more detailed understanding of vitamin D status in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Tuckey
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Chloe Y S Cheng
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Andrzej T Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer Chemoprevention Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA; VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
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32
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Oberson JM, Campos-Giménez E, Rivière J, Martin F. Application of supercritical fluid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry to the determination of fat-soluble vitamins in selected food products. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1086:118-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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33
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Wong T, Wang Z, Chapron BD, Suzuki M, Claw KG, Gao C, Foti RS, Prasad B, Chapron A, Calamia J, Chaudhry A, Schuetz EG, Horst RL, Mao Q, de Boer IH, Thornton TA, Thummel KE. Polymorphic Human Sulfotransferase 2A1 Mediates the Formation of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D 3-3- O-Sulfate, a Major Circulating Vitamin D Metabolite in Humans. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:367-379. [PMID: 29343609 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.117.078428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolism of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3) plays a central role in regulating the biologic effects of vitamin D in the body. Although cytochrome P450-dependent hydroxylation of 25OHD3 has been extensively investigated, limited information is available on the conjugation of 25OHD3 In this study, we report that 25OHD3 is selectively conjugated to 25OHD3-3-O-sulfate by human sulfotransferase 2A1 (SULT2A1) and that the liver is a primary site of metabolite formation. At a low (50 nM) concentration of 25OHD3, 25OHD3-3-O-sulfate was the most abundant metabolite, with an intrinsic clearance approximately 8-fold higher than the next most efficient metabolic route. In addition, 25OHD3 sulfonation was not inducible by the potent human pregnane X receptor agonist, rifampicin. The 25OHD3 sulfonation rates in a bank of 258 different human liver cytosols were highly variable but correlated with the rates of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfonation. Further analysis revealed a significant association between a common single nucleotide variant within intron 1 of SULT2A1 (rs296361; minor allele frequency = 15% in whites) and liver cytosolic SULT2A1 content as well as 25OHD3-3-O-sulfate formation rate, suggesting that variation in the SULT2A1 gene contributes importantly to interindividual differences in vitamin D homeostasis. Finally, 25OHD3-3-O-sulfate exhibited high affinity for the vitamin D binding protein and was detectable in human plasma and bile but not in urine samples. Thus, circulating concentrations of 25OHD3-3-O-sulfate appear to be protected from rapid renal elimination, raising the possibility that the sulfate metabolite may serve as a reservoir of 25OHD3 in vivo, and contribute indirectly to the biologic effects of vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Wong
- Departments of Pharmaceutics (T.W., Z.W., B.D.C., M.S., K.G.C., C.G., B.P., Al.C., J.C., Q.M., K.E.T.), Medicine and Kidney Research Institute (I.H.d.B.), and Biostatistics (T.A.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (Z.W.); Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.S.F.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (Am.C., E.G.S.); and Heartland Assays LLC, Ames, Iowa (R.L.H.)
| | - Zhican Wang
- Departments of Pharmaceutics (T.W., Z.W., B.D.C., M.S., K.G.C., C.G., B.P., Al.C., J.C., Q.M., K.E.T.), Medicine and Kidney Research Institute (I.H.d.B.), and Biostatistics (T.A.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (Z.W.); Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.S.F.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (Am.C., E.G.S.); and Heartland Assays LLC, Ames, Iowa (R.L.H.)
| | - Brian D Chapron
- Departments of Pharmaceutics (T.W., Z.W., B.D.C., M.S., K.G.C., C.G., B.P., Al.C., J.C., Q.M., K.E.T.), Medicine and Kidney Research Institute (I.H.d.B.), and Biostatistics (T.A.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (Z.W.); Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.S.F.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (Am.C., E.G.S.); and Heartland Assays LLC, Ames, Iowa (R.L.H.)
| | - Mizuki Suzuki
- Departments of Pharmaceutics (T.W., Z.W., B.D.C., M.S., K.G.C., C.G., B.P., Al.C., J.C., Q.M., K.E.T.), Medicine and Kidney Research Institute (I.H.d.B.), and Biostatistics (T.A.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (Z.W.); Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.S.F.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (Am.C., E.G.S.); and Heartland Assays LLC, Ames, Iowa (R.L.H.)
| | - Katrina G Claw
- Departments of Pharmaceutics (T.W., Z.W., B.D.C., M.S., K.G.C., C.G., B.P., Al.C., J.C., Q.M., K.E.T.), Medicine and Kidney Research Institute (I.H.d.B.), and Biostatistics (T.A.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (Z.W.); Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.S.F.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (Am.C., E.G.S.); and Heartland Assays LLC, Ames, Iowa (R.L.H.)
| | - Chunying Gao
- Departments of Pharmaceutics (T.W., Z.W., B.D.C., M.S., K.G.C., C.G., B.P., Al.C., J.C., Q.M., K.E.T.), Medicine and Kidney Research Institute (I.H.d.B.), and Biostatistics (T.A.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (Z.W.); Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.S.F.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (Am.C., E.G.S.); and Heartland Assays LLC, Ames, Iowa (R.L.H.)
| | - Robert S Foti
- Departments of Pharmaceutics (T.W., Z.W., B.D.C., M.S., K.G.C., C.G., B.P., Al.C., J.C., Q.M., K.E.T.), Medicine and Kidney Research Institute (I.H.d.B.), and Biostatistics (T.A.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (Z.W.); Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.S.F.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (Am.C., E.G.S.); and Heartland Assays LLC, Ames, Iowa (R.L.H.)
| | - Bhagwat Prasad
- Departments of Pharmaceutics (T.W., Z.W., B.D.C., M.S., K.G.C., C.G., B.P., Al.C., J.C., Q.M., K.E.T.), Medicine and Kidney Research Institute (I.H.d.B.), and Biostatistics (T.A.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (Z.W.); Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.S.F.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (Am.C., E.G.S.); and Heartland Assays LLC, Ames, Iowa (R.L.H.)
| | - Alenka Chapron
- Departments of Pharmaceutics (T.W., Z.W., B.D.C., M.S., K.G.C., C.G., B.P., Al.C., J.C., Q.M., K.E.T.), Medicine and Kidney Research Institute (I.H.d.B.), and Biostatistics (T.A.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (Z.W.); Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.S.F.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (Am.C., E.G.S.); and Heartland Assays LLC, Ames, Iowa (R.L.H.)
| | - Justina Calamia
- Departments of Pharmaceutics (T.W., Z.W., B.D.C., M.S., K.G.C., C.G., B.P., Al.C., J.C., Q.M., K.E.T.), Medicine and Kidney Research Institute (I.H.d.B.), and Biostatistics (T.A.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (Z.W.); Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.S.F.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (Am.C., E.G.S.); and Heartland Assays LLC, Ames, Iowa (R.L.H.)
| | - Amarjit Chaudhry
- Departments of Pharmaceutics (T.W., Z.W., B.D.C., M.S., K.G.C., C.G., B.P., Al.C., J.C., Q.M., K.E.T.), Medicine and Kidney Research Institute (I.H.d.B.), and Biostatistics (T.A.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (Z.W.); Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.S.F.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (Am.C., E.G.S.); and Heartland Assays LLC, Ames, Iowa (R.L.H.)
| | - Erin G Schuetz
- Departments of Pharmaceutics (T.W., Z.W., B.D.C., M.S., K.G.C., C.G., B.P., Al.C., J.C., Q.M., K.E.T.), Medicine and Kidney Research Institute (I.H.d.B.), and Biostatistics (T.A.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (Z.W.); Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.S.F.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (Am.C., E.G.S.); and Heartland Assays LLC, Ames, Iowa (R.L.H.)
| | - Ronald L Horst
- Departments of Pharmaceutics (T.W., Z.W., B.D.C., M.S., K.G.C., C.G., B.P., Al.C., J.C., Q.M., K.E.T.), Medicine and Kidney Research Institute (I.H.d.B.), and Biostatistics (T.A.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (Z.W.); Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.S.F.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (Am.C., E.G.S.); and Heartland Assays LLC, Ames, Iowa (R.L.H.)
| | - Qingcheng Mao
- Departments of Pharmaceutics (T.W., Z.W., B.D.C., M.S., K.G.C., C.G., B.P., Al.C., J.C., Q.M., K.E.T.), Medicine and Kidney Research Institute (I.H.d.B.), and Biostatistics (T.A.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (Z.W.); Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.S.F.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (Am.C., E.G.S.); and Heartland Assays LLC, Ames, Iowa (R.L.H.)
| | - Ian H de Boer
- Departments of Pharmaceutics (T.W., Z.W., B.D.C., M.S., K.G.C., C.G., B.P., Al.C., J.C., Q.M., K.E.T.), Medicine and Kidney Research Institute (I.H.d.B.), and Biostatistics (T.A.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (Z.W.); Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.S.F.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (Am.C., E.G.S.); and Heartland Assays LLC, Ames, Iowa (R.L.H.)
| | - Timothy A Thornton
- Departments of Pharmaceutics (T.W., Z.W., B.D.C., M.S., K.G.C., C.G., B.P., Al.C., J.C., Q.M., K.E.T.), Medicine and Kidney Research Institute (I.H.d.B.), and Biostatistics (T.A.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (Z.W.); Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.S.F.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (Am.C., E.G.S.); and Heartland Assays LLC, Ames, Iowa (R.L.H.)
| | - Kenneth E Thummel
- Departments of Pharmaceutics (T.W., Z.W., B.D.C., M.S., K.G.C., C.G., B.P., Al.C., J.C., Q.M., K.E.T.), Medicine and Kidney Research Institute (I.H.d.B.), and Biostatistics (T.A.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (Z.W.); Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts (R.S.F.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (Am.C., E.G.S.); and Heartland Assays LLC, Ames, Iowa (R.L.H.)
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Ishige T, Satoh M, Ogawa S, Nishimura M, Matsushita K, Higashi T, Nomura F. Improved sensitivity of serum/plasma 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D quantification by DAPTAD derivatization. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 473:173-179. [PMID: 28864231 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although immunoassays have several limitations such as the cross-reactivities of antibodies, such techniques are widely used for serum/plasma 1,25(OH)2D quantification. An accurate method is required for the determination of the 1,25(OH)2D status. METHODS We designed a serum/plasma 1,25(OH)2D quantification method using LC-MS/MS. Immunoaffinity extraction (IE) and the recently developed Cookson-type reagent 4-(4'-dimethylaminophenyl)-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (DAPTAD) were used for sample preparation and derivatization, respectively. Analytical and pre-analytical validations were performed. Serum 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations were determined in 232 healthy Japanese individuals. RESULTS The intra- and inter-assay CVs for 1,25(OH)2D3 were 5.2% and 7.0%, respectively. The limit of quantification for 1,25(OH)2D3 was 7.1pg/ml. Rheumatoid factor (RF) at concentrations below 517IU/ml did not affect serum 1,25(OH)2D analysis. No significant differences were observed for various blood collection tubes, repeated freeze-thaw cycles, whole blood standing time, or serum storage time. A strong correlation between LC-MS/MS and radioimmunoassay (RIA) was observed (r=0.786), but serum 1,25(OH)2D concentrations obtained from RIA were 2-fold higher than those obtained from LC-MS/MS. Serum 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations by LC-MS/MS were 18.7-53.9pg/ml. CONCLUSION A highly sensitive and selective LC-MS/MS-based serum/plasma 1,25(OH)2D quantification method was developed using IE and DAPTAD derivatization. This method will enable the accurate determination of serum/plasma 1,25(OH)2D concentrations in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Ishige
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Mamoru Satoh
- Division of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shoujiro Ogawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Motoi Nishimura
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Tatsuya Higashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Fumio Nomura
- Division of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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35
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Phinney KW, Tai SSC, Bedner M, Camara JE, Chia RR, Sander LC, Sharpless KE, Wise SA, Yen JH, Schleicher RL, Chaudhary-Webb M, Maw KL, Rahmani Y, Betz JM, Merkel J, Sempos CT, Coates PM, Durazo-Arvizu RA, Sarafin K, Brooks SP. Development of an Improved Standard Reference Material for Vitamin D Metabolites in Human Serum. Anal Chem 2017; 89:4907-4913. [PMID: 28375002 PMCID: PMC5575745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b05168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed Standard Reference Material (SRM) 972a Vitamin D Metabolites in Frozen Human Serum as a replacement for SRM 972, which is no longer available. SRM 972a was developed in collaboration with the National Institutes of Health's Office of Dietary Supplements. In contrast to the previous reference material, three of the four levels of SRM 972a are composed of unmodified human serum. This SRM has certified and reference values for the following 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] species: 25(OH)D2, 25(OH)D3, and 3-epi-25(OH)D3. The value assignment and certification process included three isotope-dilution mass spectrometry approaches, with measurements performed at NIST and at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The value assignment methods employed have been modified from those utilized for the previous SRM, and all three approaches now incorporate chromatographic resolution of the stereoisomers, 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen W. Phinney
- Biomolecular Measurement Division and Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
| | - Susan S.-C. Tai
- Biomolecular Measurement Division and Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
| | - Mary Bedner
- Biomolecular Measurement Division and Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
| | - Johanna E. Camara
- Biomolecular Measurement Division and Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
| | - Rosalind R.C. Chia
- Biomolecular Measurement Division and Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
| | - Lane C. Sander
- Biomolecular Measurement Division and Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
| | - Katherine E. Sharpless
- Biomolecular Measurement Division and Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
| | - Stephen A. Wise
- Biomolecular Measurement Division and Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
| | - James H. Yen
- Statistical Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD 20899
| | - Rosemary L. Schleicher
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341
| | - Madhulika Chaudhary-Webb
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341
| | - Khin L. Maw
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341
| | - Yasamin Rahmani
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341
| | - Joseph M. Betz
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Joyce Merkel
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | | | - Paul M. Coates
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Ramón A. Durazo-Arvizu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153
| | - Kurtis Sarafin
- Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Stephen P.J. Brooks
- Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
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Fanali C, D'Orazio G, Fanali S, Gentili A. Advanced analytical techniques for fat-soluble vitamin analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshimasa TOYO’OKA
- Laboratory of Analytical and Bio-Analytical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
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Herrmann M, Farrell CJL, Pusceddu I, Fabregat-Cabello N, Cavalier E. Assessment of vitamin D status – a changing landscape. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 55:3-26. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2016-0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
In recent years it has been shown that vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased incidence as well as the progression of a broad range of diseases including osteoporosis, rickets, cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disease, multiple sclerosis and cancer. Consequently, requests for the assessment of vitamin D status have increased dramatically. Despite significant progress in the analysis of vitamin D metabolites and an expansion of our pathophysiological knowledge of vitamin D, the assessment of vitamin D status remains a challenging and partially unresolved issue. Current guidelines from scientific bodies recommend the measurement of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) in blood as the preferred test. However, growing evidence indicates significant limitations of this test, including analytical aspects and interpretation of results. In addition, the relationships between 25-OHD and various clinical indices, such as bone mineral density and fracture risk, are rather weak and not consistent across races. Recent studies have systematically investigated new markers of vitamin D status including the vitamin D metabolite ratio (VMR) (ratio between 25-OHD and 24,25-dihydroxy vitamin D), bioavailable 25-OHD [25-OHD not bound to vitamin D binding protein (DBP)], and free 25-OHD [circulating 25-OHD bound to neither DBP nor albumin (ALB)]. These parameters may potentially change how we will assess vitamin D status in the future. Although these new biomarkers have expanded our knowledge about vitamin D metabolism, a range of unresolved issues regarding their measurement and the interpretation of results prevent their use in daily practice. It can be expected that some of these issues will be overcome in the near future so that they may be considered for routine use (at least in specialized centers). In addition, genetic studies have revealed several polymorphisms in key proteins of vitamin D metabolism that affect the circulating concentrations of vitamin D metabolites. The affected proteins include DBP, 7-dehydrocholesterol synthase and the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Here we aim to review existing knowledge regarding the biochemistry, physiology and measurement of vitamin D. We will also provide an overview of current and emerging biomarkers for the assessment of vitamin D status, with particular attention methodological aspects and their usefulness in clinical practice.
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Enhancing analysis throughput, sensitivity and specificity in LC/ESI-MS/MS assay of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 by derivatization with triplex 4-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (DAPTAD) isotopologues. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 136:126-133. [PMID: 28081498 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The plasma/serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] is a diagnostic index for vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency, which is associated with a wide range of diseases, such as rickets, cancer and diabetes. We have reported that the derivatization with 4-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (DAPTAD) works well in the liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) assay of the serum/plasma 25(OH)D3 for enhancing the sensitivity and the separation from a potent interfering metabolite, 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [3-epi-25(OH)D3]. However, enhancing the analysis throughput remains an issue in the LC/ESI-MS/MS assay of 25(OH)D3. The most obvious restriction of the LC/MS/MS throughput is the chromatographic run time. In this study, we developed an enhanced throughput method for the determination of the plasma 25(OH)D3 by LC/ESI-MS/MS combined with the derivatization using the triplex (2H0-, 2H3- and 2H6-) DAPTAD isotopologues. After separate derivatization with 1 of 3 different isotopologues, the 3 samples were combined and injected together into LC/ESI-MS/MS. Based on the mass differences between the isotopologues, the derivatized 25(OH)D3 in the 3 different samples were quantified within a single run. The developed method tripled the hourly analysis throughput without sacrificing assay performance, i.e., ease of pretreatment of plasma sample (only deproteinization), limit of quantification (1.0ng/mL when a 5μL-plasma was used), precision (intra-assay RSD≤5.9% and inter-assay RSD≤5.5%), accuracy (98.7-102.2%), matrix effects, and capability of separating from an interfering metabolite, 3-epi-25(OH)D3. The multiplexing of samples by the isotopologue derivatization was applied to the analysis of plasma samples of healthy subjects and the developed method was proven to have a satisfactory applicability.
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Isotope-coded ESI-enhancing derivatization reagents for differential analysis, quantification and profiling of metabolites in biological samples by LC/MS: A review. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 130:181-193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Higashi T, Ogawa S. Chemical derivatization for enhancing sensitivity during LC/ESI-MS/MS quantification of steroids in biological samples: a review. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 162:57-69. [PMID: 26454158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive and specific methods for the detection, characterization and quantification of endogenous steroids in body fluids or tissues are necessary for the diagnosis, pathological analysis and treatment of many diseases. Recently, liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) has been widely used for these purposes due to its specificity and versatility. However, the ESI efficiency and fragmentation behavior of some steroids are poor, which lead to a low sensitivity. Chemical derivatization is one of the most effective methods to improve the detection characteristics of steroids in ESI-MS/MS. Based on this background, this article reviews the recent advances in chemical derivatization for the trace quantification of steroids in biological samples by LC/ESI-MS/MS. The derivatization in ESI-MS/MS is based on tagging a proton-affinitive or permanently charged moiety on the target steroid. Introduction/formation of a fragmentable moiety suitable for the selected reaction monitoring by the derivatization also enhances the sensitivity. The stable isotope-coded derivatization procedures for the steroid analysis are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Higashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
| | - Shoujiro Ogawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
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43
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Higashi T, Yokota M, Goto A, Komatsu K, Sugiura T, Ogawa S, Satoh M, Nomura F. A Method for Simultaneous Determination of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 and Its 3-Sulfate in Newborn Plasma by LC/ESI-MS/MS after Derivatization with a Proton-Affinitive Cookson-Type Reagent. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 5:S0051. [PMID: 27656337 DOI: 10.5702/massspectrometry.s0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A method for the simultaneous determination of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] and its 3-sulfate [25(OH)D3S] in newborn plasma, which is expected to be helpful in the assessment of the vitamin D status, using stable isotope-dilution liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) has been developed and validated. The plasma was pretreated based on the deproteinization and solid-phase extraction, then subjected to derivatization with 4-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (DAPTAD). The derivatization enabled the accurate quantification of 25(OH)D3 without interference from 3-epi-25(OH)D3 and also facilitated the simultaneous determination of the two metabolites by LC/positive ESI-MS/MS. Quantification was based on the selected reaction monitoring with the characteristic fragmentation of the DAPTAD-derivatives during MS/MS. This method was reproducible (intra- and inter-assay relative standard deviations of 7.8% or lower for both metabolites) and accurate (analytical recovery, 95.4-105.6%). The limits of quantification were 1.0 ng/mL and 2.5 ng/mL for 25(OH)D3 and 25(OH)D3S, respectively, when using a 20-μL sample. The developed method was applied to the simultaneous determination of plasma 25(OH)D3 and 25(OH)D3S in newborns; it was recognized that the plasma concentration of 25(OH)D3S is significantly higher than that of 25(OH)D3, and preterm newborns have lower plasma 25(OH)D3S concentrations than full-term newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Higashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Mai Yokota
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Ayaka Goto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | | | | | - Shoujiro Ogawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Mamoru Satoh
- Divisions of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital
| | - Fumio Nomura
- Divisions of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital
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44
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Kvaskoff D, Heath AK, Simila HA, Ko P, English DR, Eyles DW. Minimizing Matrix Effects for the Accurate Quantification of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Metabolites in Dried Blood Spots by LC-MS/MS. Clin Chem 2016; 62:639-46. [DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2015.251538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The noncalcemic actions of vitamin D in multiple organs are now widely recognized. Vitamin D status has been linked with a wide variety of conditions, which has led to an increasing demand for vitamin D screening. In particular, there is intense interest in the impact of vitamin D on a variety of developmental conditions. The most readily accessible pediatric samples are dried blood spots, and health organizations are increasingly archiving such samples for later assessment of the antecedents of disease.
METHODS
In 2009, we developed a method to quantify the major circulatory form of vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, in archived dried blood spots. Over the last 6 years, we have made substantial alterations to the published method to enhance throughput, sensitivity, and assay robustness.
RESULTS
With the alterations, the assay was 3 times faster than the previously published assay and had a >10-fold increase in signal strength. Intraassay imprecision decreased from 13.4% to 6.9%, and there was a 5-fold reduction in interfering phospholipids. In actual use over 2 years, the assay showed an interassay imprecision of 11.6%.
CONCLUSIONS
This assay has performed reliably over the past 6 years. The practical changes we have made should allow clinical chemists to successfully adapt this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Kvaskoff
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alicia K Heath
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Henry A Simila
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Pauline Ko
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dallas R English
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Darryl W Eyles
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Queensland, Australia
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Simultaneous quantitative analysis of nine vitamin D compounds in human blood using LC-MS/MS. Bioanalysis 2016; 8:397-411. [PMID: 26893268 DOI: 10.4155/bio.15.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM It has been suggested that each member of the family of vitamin D compounds may have different function(s). Therefore, selective quantification of each compound is important in clinical research. MATERIALS & METHODS Development and validation attempts of a simultaneous determination method of 12 vitamin D compounds in human blood using precolumn derivatization followed by LC-MS/MS is described. Internal standard calibration with 12 stable isotope labeled analogs was used to correct for matrix effects in MS detector. RESULTS & CONCLUSION Nine vitamin D compounds were quantifiable in blood samples with detection limits within femtomole levels. Serum (compared with plasma) was found to be a more suitable sample type, and protein precipitation (compared with saponification) a more effective extraction method for vitamin D assay.
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46
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Chemotyping the distribution of vitamin D metabolites in human serum. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21080. [PMID: 26864540 PMCID: PMC4750036 DOI: 10.1038/srep21080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Most studies examining the relationships between vitamin D and disease or health focus on the main 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) metabolite, thus potentially overlooking contributions and dynamic effects of other vitamin D metabolites, the crucial roles of several of which have been previously demonstrated. The ideal assay would determine all relevant high and low-abundant vitamin D species simultaneously. We describe a sensitive quantitative assay for determining the chemotypes of vitamin D metabolites from serum after derivatisation and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS). We performed a validation according to the ‘FDA Guidance for Industry Bioanalytical Method Validation’. The proof-of-concept of the method was then demonstrated by following the metabolite concentrations in patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD) during the course of a vitamin D supplementation study. The new quantitative profiling assay provided highly sensitive, precise and accurate chemotypes of the vitamin D metabolic process rather than the usually determined 25(OH)D3 concentrations.
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47
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Jenkinson C, Taylor AE, Hassan-Smith ZK, Adams JS, Stewart PM, Hewison M, Keevil BG. High throughput LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous analysis of multiple vitamin D analytes in serum. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1014:56-63. [PMID: 26874878 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that vitamin D-deficiency is linked to increased risk of common human health problems. To define vitamin D 'status' most routine analytical methods quantify one particular vitamin D metabolite, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3). However, vitamin D is characterized by complex metabolic pathways, and simultaneous measurement of multiple vitamin D metabolites may provide a more accurate interpretation of vitamin D status. To address this we developed a high-throughput liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method to analyse multiple vitamin D analytes, with particular emphasis on the separation of epimer metabolites. A supportive liquid-liquid extraction (SLE) and LC-MS/MS method was developed to quantify 10 vitamin D metabolites as well as separation of an interfering 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (7αC4) isobar (precursor of bile acid), and validated by analysis of human serum samples. In a cohort of 116 healthy subjects, circulating concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3), 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (3-epi-25OHD3), 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (24R,25(OH)2D3), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1α,25(OH)2D3), and 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (25OHD2) were quantifiable using 220μL of serum, with 25OHD3 and 24R,25(OH)2D3 showing significant seasonal variations. This high-throughput LC-MS/MS method provides a novel strategy for assessing the impact of vitamin D on human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Jenkinson
- Institute for Metabolism and Systems Research, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Angela E Taylor
- Institute for Metabolism and Systems Research, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Zaki K Hassan-Smith
- Institute for Metabolism and Systems Research, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - John S Adams
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Medicine and Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, UCLA 615 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Rm. 410E, Los Angeles 90095, CA, USA
| | - Paul M Stewart
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9NL
| | - Martin Hewison
- Institute for Metabolism and Systems Research, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Brian G Keevil
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University Hospital South Manchester, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK
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48
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Korade Z, Kim HYH, Tallman KA, Liu W, Koczok K, Balogh I, Xu L, Mirnics K, Porter NA. The Effect of Small Molecules on Sterol Homeostasis: Measuring 7-Dehydrocholesterol in Dhcr7-Deficient Neuro2a Cells and Human Fibroblasts. J Med Chem 2016; 59:1102-15. [PMID: 26789657 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Well-established cell culture models were combined with new analytical methods to assess the effects of small molecules on the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. The analytical protocol, which is based on sterol derivation with the dienolphile PTAD, was found to be reliable for the analysis of 7-DHC and desmosterol. The PTAD method was applied to the screening of a small library of pharmacologically active substances, and the effect of compounds on the cholesterol pathway was determined. Of some 727 compounds, over 30 compounds decreased 7-DHC in Dhcr7-deficient Neuro2a cells. The examination of chemical structures of active molecules in the screen grouped the compounds into distinct categories. In addition to statins, our screen found that SERMs, antifungals, and several antipsychotic medications reduced levels of 7-DHC. The activities of selected compounds were verified in human fibroblasts derived from Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) patients and linked to specific transformations in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeljka Korade
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | | | | | | | - Katalin Koczok
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Genetics, University of Debrecen , Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Istvan Balogh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Genetics, University of Debrecen , Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Karoly Mirnics
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Ned A Porter
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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Toyo’oka T. Diagnostic Approach to Disease Using Non-invasive Samples Based on Derivatization and LC-ESI-MS/MS. Biol Pharm Bull 2016; 39:1397-411. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshimasa Toyo’oka
- Laboratory of Analytical and Bio-Analytical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
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50
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Ogawa S, Kittaka H, Shinoda K, Ooki S, Nakata A, Higashi T. Comparative evaluation of new Cookson-type reagents for LC/ESI-MS/MS assay of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in neonatal blood samples. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 30:938-45. [PMID: 26451531 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The screening of vitamin D deficiency in neonatal infants, which is based on the blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3 ] quantification, is important for the early detection, diagnosis and health risk assessment of several diseases. In this study, two new Cookson-type reagents, 4-(4-diethylaminophenyl)-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (DEAPTAD) and 4-(6-quinolyl)-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione, were designed and synthesized, then compared with the previous reagents, 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (PTAD) and 4-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (DAPTAD), in terms of sensitivity and specificity in the assay of 25(OH)D3 in neonatal blood samples by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Among the reagents, DEAPTAD was found to be the most promising. The limit of detection (0.38 fmol on the column) of the DEAPTAD-derivatized 25(OH)D3 was 60 and 2 times lower than those of the intact 25(OH)D3 and the PTAD derivative, respectively. 25(OH)D3 was more clearly detected in the plasma sample as the DEAPTAD derivative than the DAPTAD derivative owing to the lower background noise. DEAPTAD derivatization was also useful for the separation of 25(OH)D3 from a potent interfering metabolite, 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 . By using DEAPTAD, a trace amount of 25(OH)D3 in dried blood spots was reproducibly determined without interference from coexisting compounds. Thus, DEAPTAD was proved useful in the measurement of 25(OH)D3 in neonatal blood samples. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoujiro Ogawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kittaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kenta Shinoda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ooki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Akiho Nakata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Higashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
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