1
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Zinellu A, Mangoni AA. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Association between Uric Acid and Allantoin and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1569. [PMID: 37627564 PMCID: PMC10451740 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the circulating concentrations of uric acid and its degradation product, allantoin, might account for the systemic pro-oxidant state and the increased cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We sought to address this issue by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between the plasma/serum concentrations of uric acid and allantoin and RA. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to 20 June 2023 for studies comparing plasma/serum concentrations of uric acid and allantoin between RA patients and healthy controls. We assessed the risk of bias with the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for analytical studies and the certainty of evidence with the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) Working Group system. In the 19 studies selected for analysis, there were non-significant differences in uric acid concentrations between RA patients and controls (standard mean difference, SMD = 0.11, 95% CI -0.07 to 0.30, p = 0.22; I2 = 87.9%, p < 0.001; low certainty of evidence). By contrast, the concentrations of allantoin were significantly higher in RA patients (SMD = 1.10, 95% CI 0.66 to 1.55, p < 0.001; I2 = 55.6%, p = 0.08; extremely low certainty of evidence). In meta-regression, a significant association was observed between the SMD of uric acid concentrations and body mass index, a risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (t = 3.35, p = 0.007). Our study has shown a significant increase in the concentrations of the oxidative stress biomarker allantoin in patients with RA. Further research is warranted to investigate the interplay between uric acid, allantoin, redox balance, and cardiovascular disease in this group. (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023441127).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Arduino A. Mangoni
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
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2
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Kopčil M, Kanďár R. Screening method for the simultaneous determination of allantoin and uric acid from dried blood spots. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 225:115222. [PMID: 36621284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Uric acid and its oxidation product allantoin are excellent biomarkers of oxidative stress in humans. Currently, there are high requirements not only for tests monitoring oxidative stress but also for screening laboratory tests in general. The highest demand is imposed on the simplest sampling, easy transport of the sample, and the shortest possible analysis time. The possible solution how to fulfil the requirements is sampling by dried blood spot technique with subsequent HPLC-MS/MS analysis. A fast, sensitive, and reliable HPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of uric acid and allantoin from dried blood spots using stable isotopically labelled analogs as internal standards was developed. The separation took place in the reversed phase within 3 min, with protein precipitation and extraction in a one-step procedure. The analytical parameters of the method were satisfactory with an excellent linear range. The presented method was used to determine allantoin and uric acid levels in dried blood spot samples from 100 healthy volunteer donors. The median uric acid concentration in the cohort was 239.3 µmol/L and the median allantoin concentration was 5.6 µmol/L. The presented analytical protocol and method are suitable for screening and monitoring allantoin and uric acid levels as biomarkers of oxidative stress in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Kopčil
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Science, Faculty of Chemical Technology, The University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Kanďár
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Science, Faculty of Chemical Technology, The University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
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3
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Simultaneous Determination of Fourteen Marker Compounds in the Traditional Herbal Prescription, Geumgwesingihwan, Using Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27123890. [PMID: 35745012 PMCID: PMC9227478 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Geumgwesingihwan (GSH) is a traditional herbal prescription composed of eight medicinal herbs: Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC., Dioscorea japonica Thunb., Cornus officinalis Siebold and Zucc., Poria cocos Wolf, Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews, Alisma plantago-aquatica subsp. orientale (Sam.) Sam., Achyranthes bidentate Blume, and Plantago asiatica L. This study developed and validated an ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) method in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode for simultaneous determination of 14 compounds (allantoin, gallic acid, 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural, geniposidic acid, oxypaeoniflorin, loganin, geniposide, paeoniflorin, ecdysterone, verbascoside, cornuside, benzoylpaeoniflorin, paeonol, and alisol B acetate) in GSH. The chromatographic separation of all marker analytes was carried out on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm) using gradient elution of a mobile phase of distilled water–acetonitrile containing 0.1% acetic acid. The newly established UPLC–MS/MS MRM method was validated by evaluating the linearity, the limits of detection and quantification, recovery, and precision. All markers were detected at concentrations of 6.94–4126.28 mg/kg. In addition, the recovery was 76.65–119.49% and the relative standard deviation value of the precision was 0.19–9.91%. The newly developed and validated UPLC–MS/MS assay will provide useful information for quality assessment of GSH.
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4
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Wang T, Hu L, Lu J, Xiao M, Liu J, Xia H, Lu H. Functional metabolomics revealed functional metabolic-characteristics of chronic hepatitis that is significantly differentiated from acute hepatitis in mice. Pharmacol Res 2022; 180:106248. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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5
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Andries A, Feyaerts A, Mekahli D, Van Schepdael A. Quantification of allantoin and other metabolites of the purine degradation pathway in human plasma samples using a newly developed HILIC‐LC‐MS/MS method. Electrophoresis 2022; 43:1010-1018. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asmin Andries
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences Pharmaceutical Analysis KU Leuven – University of Leuven Leuven Belgium
| | - Alan Feyaerts
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences Pharmaceutical Analysis KU Leuven – University of Leuven Leuven Belgium
| | - Djalila Mekahli
- Department of Development and Regeneration Laboratory of Pediatrics KU Leuven – University of Leuven Leuven Belgium
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology University Hospitals Leuven Leuven Belgium
| | - Ann Van Schepdael
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences Pharmaceutical Analysis KU Leuven – University of Leuven Leuven Belgium
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6
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Svistounov D, Solbu MD, Jenssen TG, Mathisen UD, Hansen T, Elgstøen KBP, Zykova SN. Development of quantitative assay for simultaneous measurement of purine metabolites and creatinine in biobanked urine by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2022; 82:37-49. [PMID: 35048747 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2021.2015799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Purine metabolism is essential for all known living creatures, including humans in whom elevated serum concentration of purine break-down product uric acid (UA) is probably an independent risk factor for mortality, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular events. An automated multiplex assay that measures several purine metabolites could therefore prove useful in many areas of medical, veterinary and biological research. The aim of the present work was to develop a sensitive LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantitation of xanthine, hypoxanthine, UA, allantoin, and creatinine in biobanked urine samples. This article describes details and performance of the new method studied in 55 samples of human urine. Archival sample preparation and effect of storage conditions on stability of the analytes are addressed. The intra-day and inter-day coefficients of variation were small for all the analytes, not exceeding 1% and 10%, respectively. Measurements of UA and creatinine in biobanked urine showed good agreement with values obtained using routine enzymatic assays on fresh urine. Spearman's correlation coefficients were 0.869 (p < .001) for creatinine and 0.964 (p < .001) for UA. Conclusion: the newly developed LC-MS/MS method allows reliable quantitative assessment of xanthine, hypoxanthine, allantoin, UA and creatinine. The proposed pre-analytical processing makes the method suitable for both fresh and biobanked urine stored frozen at -80 °C for at least 5.5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Svistounov
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.,Section of Nephrology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway.,Center for Quality Assurance and Development, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Marit D Solbu
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.,Section of Nephrology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Trond G Jenssen
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.,Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulla Dorte Mathisen
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.,Section of Nephrology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Terkel Hansen
- Department of Pharmacy, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.,Research Group in Mass Spectrometry, Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF A/S, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Svetlana N Zykova
- Center for Quality Assurance and Development, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway.,Department of Blood Bank and Biochemistry, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway.,Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Biochemical Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Group, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Li Y, Lv D, Liu R, Shi Y, Wang R, Zhu Z, Yuan Y. Non-target metabolomic analysis reveals the therapeutic effect of Saposhnikovia divaricata decoction on collagen-induced arthritis rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 271:113837. [PMID: 33460755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Saposhnikovia divaricata (SD), a Chinese crude drug, has long been recognized for therapeutic effect to rheumatoid arthritis (RA). At present, the mechanisms of SD treatment in RA have not been fully understood especially on the perspective of metabolomics. AIM OF THE STUDY To study the pharmacodynamic effects of Saposhnikovia divaricata decoction on CIA rats, and explore the therapeutic mechanism by metabolomics methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal group, CIA model group, dexamethasone group and SD decoction groups (10 g crude drug/kg, 5 g crude drug/kg and 2.5 g crude drug/kg of SDD). Body weight, arthritis scores, serum cytokine levels and histopathological parameters of rats were assessed. A metabolomics method based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOFMS) was established to collect the metabolic profiles of rats and explore the metabolic changes that occurred after SDD treatment. RESULTS SDD showed its protective effect on the affected joints, especially in the middle dosage group of SDD. Eighteen and 13 potential biomarkers for the SDD treatment of CIA rats were identified in the plasma and urine, respectively. SDD could regulate the disturbed metabolic pathways including tryptophan metabolism, glycerophospholipid catabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis and fatty acid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS In summary, SDD treatment could effectively alleviate symptoms of RA and regulate metabolic disorders in CIA rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Diya Lv
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yuhuan Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yongfang Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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8
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Rapid and reliable HILIC-MS/MS method for monitoring allantoin as a biomarker of oxidative stress. Anal Biochem 2020; 589:113509. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2019.113509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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9
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Marchetti M, Ronda L, Percudani R, Bettati S. Immobilization of Allantoinase for the Development of an Optical Biosensor of Oxidative Stress States. SENSORS 2019; 20:s20010196. [PMID: 31905788 PMCID: PMC6983136 DOI: 10.3390/s20010196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Allantoin, the natural end product of purine catabolism in mammals, is non-enzymatically produced from the scavenging of reactive oxygen species through the degradation of uric acid. Levels of allantoin in biological fluids are sensitively influenced by the presence of free radicals, making this molecule a candidate marker of acute oxidative stress in clinical analyses. With this aim, we exploited allantoinase—the enzyme responsible for allantoin hydrolization in plants and lower organisms—for the development of a biosensor exploiting a fast enzymatic-chemical assay for allantoin quantification. Recombinant allantoinase was entrapped in a wet nanoporous silica gel matrix and its structural properties, function, and stability were characterized through fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroism measurements, and compared to the soluble enzyme. Physical immobilization in silica gel minimally influences the structure and the catalytic efficiency of entrapped allantoinase, which can be reused several times and stored for several months with good activity retention. These results, together with the relative ease of the sol-gel preparation and handling, make the encapsulated allantoinase a good candidate for the development of an allantoin biosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialaura Marchetti
- Centro Interdipartimentale Biopharmanet-TEC, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (M.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Luca Ronda
- Centro Interdipartimentale Biopharmanet-TEC, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (M.M.); (S.B.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0521-905502
| | - Riccardo Percudani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Via Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy;
| | - Stefano Bettati
- Centro Interdipartimentale Biopharmanet-TEC, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (M.M.); (S.B.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
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10
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Turner R, Brennan SO, Ashby LV, Dickerhof N, Hamzah MR, Pearson JF, Stamp LK, Kettle AJ. Conjugation of urate-derived electrophiles to proteins during normal metabolism and inflammation. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:19886-19898. [PMID: 30385504 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Urate is often viewed as an antioxidant. Here, we present an alternative perspective by showing that, when oxidized, urate propagates oxidative stress. Oxidation converts urate to the urate radical and the electrophilic products dehydrourate, 5-hydroxyisourate, and urate hydroperoxide, which eventually break down to allantoin. We investigated whether urate-derived electrophiles are intercepted by nucleophilic amino acid residues to form stable adducts on proteins. When urate was oxidized in the presence of various peptides and proteins, two adducts derived from urate (M r 167 Da) were detected and had mass additions of 140 and 166 Da, occurring mainly on lysine residues and N-terminal amines. The adduct with a 140-Da mass addition was detected more frequently and was stable. Dehydrourate (M r 166 Da) also formed transient adducts with cysteine residues. Urate-derived adducts were detected on human serum albumin in plasma of healthy donors. Basal adduct levels increased when neutrophils were added to plasma and stimulated, and relied on the NADPH oxidase, myeloperoxidase, hydrogen peroxide, and superoxide. Adducts of oxidized urate on serum albumin were elevated in plasma and synovial fluid from individuals with gout and rheumatoid arthritis. We propose that rather than acting as an antioxidant, urate's conversion to electrophiles contributes to oxidative stress. The addition of urate-derived electrophiles to nucleophilic amino acid residues, a process we call oxidative uratylation, will leave a footprint on proteins that could alter their function when critical sites are modified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rufus Turner
- From the Centre for Free Radical Research.,the Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science
| | | | - Louisa V Ashby
- From the Centre for Free Radical Research.,the Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science
| | - Nina Dickerhof
- From the Centre for Free Radical Research.,the Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science
| | - Melanie R Hamzah
- From the Centre for Free Radical Research.,the Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science
| | | | - Lisa K Stamp
- the Department of Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, P.O. Box 4345, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Anthony J Kettle
- From the Centre for Free Radical Research, .,the Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science
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11
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Andries A, De Rechter S, Janssens P, Mekahli D, Van Schepdael A. Simultaneous determination of allantoin and adenosine in human urine using liquid chromatography – UV detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1096:201-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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12
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Garcia-Ac A, Duy SV, Sauvé S, Moldovan F, Roullin VG, Banquy X. Quantification of peptides in human synovial fluid using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Talanta 2018; 186:124-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.03.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Dickerhof N, Turner R, Khalilova I, Fantino E, Sly PD, Kettle AJ. Oxidized glutathione and uric acid as biomarkers of early cystic fibrosis lung disease. J Cyst Fibros 2017; 16:214-221. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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14
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Saqib M, Lou B, Halawa MI, Kitte SA, Liu Z, Xu G. Chemiluminescence of Lucigenin–Allantoin and Its Application for the Detection of Allantoin. Anal Chem 2017; 89:1863-1869. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saqib
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Baohua Lou
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China
| | - Mohamed Ibrahim Halawa
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Shimeles Addisu Kitte
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Zhongyuan Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China
| | - Guobao Xu
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China
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15
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Tang DQ, Zou L, Yin XX, Ong CN. HILIC-MS for metabolomics: An attractive and complementary approach to RPLC-MS. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2016; 35:574-600. [PMID: 25284160 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) is an emerging separation mode of liquid chromatography (LC). Using highly hydrophilic stationary phases capable of retaining polar/ionic metabolites, and accompany with high organic content mobile phase that offer readily compatibility with mass spectrometry (MS) has made HILIC an attractive complementary tool to the widely used reverse-phase (RP) chromatographic separations in metabolomic studies. The combination of HILIC and RPLC coupled with an MS detector expands the number of detected analytes and provides more comprehensive metabolite coverage than use of only RP chromatography. This review describes the recent applications of HILIC-MS/MS in metabolomic studies, ranging from amino acids, lipids, nucleotides, organic acids, pharmaceuticals, and metabolites of specific nature. The biological systems investigated include microbials, cultured cell line, plants, herbal medicine, urine, and serum as well as tissues from animals and humans. Owing to its unique capability to measure more-polar biomolecules, the HILIC separation technique would no doubt enhance the comprehensiveness of metabolite detection, and add significant value for metabolomic investigations. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 35:574-600, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dao-Quan Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, 221044, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab for the study of New Drug and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College, Yunlong, China
- NUS Environmental Research Inst., National University of Singapore, 5 A Engineering Srive 1, Singapore, 117411, Singapore
| | - Ll Zou
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Xiao-Xing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Lab for the study of New Drug and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College, Yunlong, China
| | - Choon Nam Ong
- NUS Environmental Research Inst., National University of Singapore, 5 A Engineering Srive 1, Singapore, 117411, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
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16
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Kanďár R. The ratio of oxidized and reduced forms of selected antioxidants as a possible marker of oxidative stress in humans. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 30:13-28. [PMID: 26053056 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an imbalance between reactive oxygen species exposure and the ability of organisms to detoxify the reactive intermediates and to repair the oxidative damage of biologically important molecules. Many clinical studies of oxidative stress unfortunately provide conflicting and contradictory results. The ability of antioxidant systems to adequately respond to oxidative stress can be used in laboratory diagnostics. In the present review, methods using the ratio of reduced and oxidized forms of uric acid, ascorbic acid, glutathione and coenzyme Q10 as suitable indicators of oxidative stress are discussed. From the mentioned publications it is evident that suitable sample preparation prior to analysis is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Kanďár
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
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17
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KANĎÁR R, ŠTRAMOVÁ X, DRÁBKOVÁ P, KŘENKOVÁ J. A Monitoring of Allantoin, Uric Acid, and Malondialdehyde Levels in Plasma and Erythrocytes After Ten Minutes of Running Activity. Physiol Res 2014; 63:753-62. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.932696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Uric acid is the final product of human purine metabolism. It was pointed out that this compound acts as an antioxidant and is able to react with reactive oxygen species forming allantoin. Therefore, the measurement of allantoin levels may be used for the determination of oxidative stress in humans. The aim of the study was to clarify the antioxidant effect of uric acid during intense exercise. Whole blood samples were obtained from a group of healthy subjects. Allantoin, uric acid, and malondialdehyde levels in plasma and erythrocytes were measured using a HPLC with UV/Vis detection. Statistical significant differences in allantoin and uric acid levels during short-term intense exercise were found. Immediately after intense exercise, the plasma allantoin levels increased on the average of 200 % in comparison to baseline. Plasma uric acid levels increased slowly, at an average of 20 %. On the other hand, there were no significant changes in plasma malondialdehyde. The results suggest that uric acid, important antioxidant, is probably oxidized by reactive oxygen species to allantoin. Therefore allantoin may be suitable candidate for a marker of acute oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. KANĎÁR
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
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Recent advances in hydrophilic interaction chromatography for quantitative analysis of endogenous and pharmaceutical compounds in plasma samples. Bioanalysis 2014; 6:2421-39. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.14.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing need for new analytical methods that can handle a large number of analytes in complex matrices. Hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) has recently been demonstrated as an important supplement to reversed-phase liquid chromatography for polar analytes, particularly endogenous compounds. With the increasing popularity of HILIC, progressively more polar phases with diverse functional groups have been developed. In addition, the coupling of HILIC to mass spectrometry offers the advantages of improved sensitivity by employing an organic-rich mobile phase. This article reviews recent applications of HILIC for the analysis of endogenous and pharmaceutical compounds in plasma samples. Furthermore, based on recent studies, we provide a discussion of column selection, sample pretreatment for HILIC analysis, and detection sensitivity.
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Seidel A, Parker H, Turner R, Dickerhof N, Khalilova IS, Wilbanks SM, Kettle AJ, Jameson GNL. Uric acid and thiocyanate as competing substrates of lactoperoxidase. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:21937-49. [PMID: 24928513 PMCID: PMC4139211 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.544957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The physiological function of urate is poorly understood. It may act as a danger signal, an antioxidant, or a substrate for heme peroxidases. Whether it reacts sufficiently rapidly with lactoperoxidase (LPO) to act as a physiological substrate remains unknown. LPO is a mammalian peroxidase that plays a key role in the innate immune defense by oxidizing thiocyanate to the bactericidal and fungicidal agent hypothiocyanite. We now demonstrate that urate is a good substrate for bovine LPO. Urate was oxidized by LPO to produce the electrophilic intermediates dehydrourate and 5-hydroxyisourate, which decayed to allantoin. In the presence of superoxide, high yields of hydroperoxides were formed by LPO and urate. Using stopped-flow spectroscopy, we determined rate constants for the reaction of urate with compound I (k1 = 1.1 × 10(7) M(-1) s(-1)) and compound II (k2 = 8.5 × 10(3) M(-1) s(-1)). During urate oxidation, LPO was diverted from its peroxidase cycle because hydrogen peroxide reacted with compound II to give compound III. At physiologically relevant concentrations, urate competed effectively with thiocyanate, the main substrate of LPO for oxidation, and inhibited production of hypothiocyanite. Similarly, hypothiocyanite-dependent killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was inhibited by urate. Allantoin was present in human saliva and associated with the concentration of LPO. When hydrogen peroxide was added to saliva, oxidation of urate was dependent on its concentration and peroxidase activity. Our findings establish urate as a likely physiological substrate for LPO that will influence host defense and give rise to reactive electrophilic metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Seidel
- From the Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P. O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054
| | - Heather Parker
- the Centre for Free Radical Research, Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand, and
| | - Rufus Turner
- the Centre for Free Radical Research, Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand, and
| | - Nina Dickerhof
- the Centre for Free Radical Research, Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand, and
| | - Irada S Khalilova
- the Centre for Free Radical Research, Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand, and
| | - Sigurd M Wilbanks
- the Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, P. O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Anthony J Kettle
- the Centre for Free Radical Research, Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand, and
| | - Guy N L Jameson
- From the Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P. O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054,
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Chung WY, Benzie IF. Plasma allantoin measurement by isocratic liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry: Method evaluation and application in oxidative stress biomonitoring. Clin Chim Acta 2013; 424:237-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Fernández-Peralbo M, Luque de Castro M. Preparation of urine samples prior to targeted or untargeted metabolomics mass-spectrometry analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2012.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Stamp LK, Khalilova I, Tarr JM, Senthilmohan R, Turner R, Haigh RC, Winyard PG, Kettle AJ. Myeloperoxidase and oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2012; 51:1796-803. [PMID: 22814531 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kes193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether MPO contributes to oxidative stress and disease activity in RA and whether it produces hypochlorous acid in SF. METHODS Plasma and where possible SF were collected from 77 RA patients while 120 healthy controls supplied plasma only. MPO and protein carbonyls were measured by ELISAs. 3-Chlorotyrosine in proteins and allantoin in plasma were measured by mass spectrometry. RESULTS Plasma MPO concentrations were significantly higher in patients with RA compared with healthy controls [10.8 ng/ml, inter-quartile range (IQR): 7.2-14.2; P<0.05], but there was no significant difference in plasma MPO protein concentrations between RA patients with high disease activity (HDA; DAS-28 >3.2) and those with low disease activity (LDA; DAS-28 ≤ 3.2) (HDA 27.9 ng/ml, 20.2-34.1 vs LDA 22.1 ng/ml, 16.9-34.9; P>0.05). There was a significant relationship between plasma MPO and DAS-28 (r=0.35; P=0.005). Plasma protein carbonyls and allantoin were significantly higher in patients with RA compared with the healthy controls. MPO protein was significantly higher in SF compared with plasma (median 624.0 ng/ml, IQR 258.4-2433.0 vs 30.2 ng/ml, IQR 25.1-50.9; P<0.0001). The MPO present in SF was mostly active. 3-Chlorotyrosine, a specific biomarker of hypochlorous acid, was present in proteins from SF and related to the concentration of MPO (r=0.69; P=0.001). Protein carbonyls in SF were associated with MPO protein concentration (r=0.40; P=0.019) and 3-chlorotyrosine (r=0.66; P=0.003). CONCLUSION MPO is elevated in patients with RA and promotes oxidative stress through the production of hypochlorous acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa K Stamp
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
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