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Ngoubeyou PSK, Wolkersdorfer C, Ndibewu PP, Augustyn W. Toxicity of polychlorinated biphenyls in aquatic environments - A review. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 251:106284. [PMID: 36087490 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and their congeners resulting from the pollution of all environmental media is inherently related to its persistence and ubiquitous nature. In principle, determination of this class of contaminants are limited to the determination of their concentrations in the various environmental matrices. For solving many problems in this context, knowledge of the emission sources of PCBs, transport pathways, and sites of contamination and biomagnification is of great benefit to scientists and researchers, as well as many regulatory organizations. By far the largest amounts of PCBs, regardless of their discharged points, end up in the soil, sediment and finally in different aquatic environments. By reviewing relevant published materials, the source of origin of PCBs in the environment particularly from different pollution point sources, it is possible to obtain useful information on the nature of different materials that are sources of PCBs, or their concentrations and their toxicity or health effects and how they can be removed from contaminated media. This review focuses on the sources of PCBs in aquatic environments and critically reviews the toxicity of PCBs in aquatic animals and plants. The review also assesses the toxicity equivalency factors (TEFs) of PCBs providing valuable knowledge to other scientists and researchers that enables regulatory laws to be formulated based on selective determination of concentrations regarding their maximum permissible limits (MPLs) allowed. This review also supplies a pool of valuable information useful for designing decontamination technologies for PCBs in media like soil, sediment, and wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Wolkersdorfer
- Tshwane University of Technology, SARChI Chair for Mine Water Treatment, Department of Environmental, Water and Earth Sciences, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Peter Papoh Ndibewu
- Tshwane University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
| | - Wilma Augustyn
- Tshwane University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
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Han C, Wang Y, Liu P, Li P, Liu B, Ding N, Routledge MN, Liu Z, Zhang C. An aggregation-induced emission immunoassay for broad detection of polychlorinated biphenyls in chicken and crab. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:4963-4975. [PMID: 35606453 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04123-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) with multiple variants, which may be harmful to human health by absorption and bioaccumulation. To ensure food safety, it is necessary to develop multi-residue immunoassays for broad recognition of PCBs. In this study, by mimicking the generic core structure of PCBs, three haptens have been designed and synthesized for monoclonal antibody (mAb) generation. A carboxylic acid derivative of PCB80 was a hapten that induced a mAb with broad recognition of PCBs. The results of ELISA further identified that the mAb could recognize 11 different kinds of PCBs; half-maximal inhibition concentrations (IC50) ranged from 33.12 to 476.42 ng/mL. Subsequently, using aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen) nanobeads as the tracer for the output signal, the IC50 value of the various PCBs was improved to 6.38-252.1 ng/mL. The limit of detection (LOD) varied from 0.32 to 42.15 ng/mL. Recoveries of 76.90-95.74% and intra-assay coefficients of variation of 8.5-14.4% were obtained with spiked chicken and crab meat samples. Matrix interference was eliminated by dilution, and no false-positive and false-negative results were observed. The developed assay provides a simple, broad-spectrum, and sensitive tool for detecting PCBs, with high-throughput possibilities for large-scale screening of PCBs in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Han
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yulong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Pengyan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Pan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Ning Ding
- Institute of Agricultural Products Quality Inspection and Testing Center, Suqian, 223801, China
| | - Michael N Routledge
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.,School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.,Jiangsu Education Department, International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing (Jiangsu University), Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Zhengjiang Liu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cunzheng Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China.
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Verma R, Dhingra G, Malik AK. A Comprehensive Review on Metal Organic Framework Based Preconcentration Strategies for Chromatographic Analysis of Organic Pollutants. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 53:415-441. [PMID: 34435923 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1964344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Organic pollutants (OPs) are of worldwide concern for being hazardous to human existence and natural flora and fauna in view of their contaminating nature, bio-aggregation properties and long range movement abilities in environment. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are a new kind of crystalline porous material, composed of metal ions and multi dentate organic ligands with well-defined co-ordination geometry exhibiting promising application respect to adsorptive evacuation of OPs for chromatographic analysis. Applications of MOFs as preconcentration material and column packing material are reviewed. Key analytical characteristics of MOF based preconcentration techniques and coupled chromatographic procedures are summarized in detail. MOF based preconcentration strategies are compared with conventional sorbent based extraction techniques for thorough evaluation of performance of MOF materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajpal Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Gaurav Dhingra
- Punjabi University Constituent College, Patiala, Punjab, India
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Benlaribi R, Schramm S, Vincent B, Djebbar S, Aubriet F. Concentrations, Sources and Human Health Risk Assessment of 12 Dioxin-Like Polychlorinated Biphenyls (DL-PCBs) in the Urban Soils of Baraki, Algiers (Algeria) with Determination by Gas Chromatography - Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). ANAL LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2020.1743997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Benlaribi
- Laboratoire d’Hydrométallurgie et Chimie Inorganique Moléculaire, USTHB, Bab Ezzouar, Alger, Algeria
- Institut National de Criminalistique et de Criminologie de la Gendarmerie Nationale (INCC/GN), Algeria
| | - Sébastien Schramm
- LCP-A2MC, Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
- FR 3624 Réseau National de Spectrométrie de Masse FT-ICR à très haut champ, Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
| | - Bryan Vincent
- ELIM, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Safia Djebbar
- Laboratoire d’Hydrométallurgie et Chimie Inorganique Moléculaire, USTHB, Bab Ezzouar, Alger, Algeria
| | - Frédéric Aubriet
- LCP-A2MC, Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
- FR 3624 Réseau National de Spectrométrie de Masse FT-ICR à très haut champ, Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
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Recovery of Oil with Unsaturated Fatty Acids and Polyphenols from Chaenomelessinensis (Thouin) Koehne: Process Optimization of Pilot-Scale Subcritical Fluid Assisted Extraction. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22101788. [PMID: 29065502 PMCID: PMC6151523 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential effects of three modern extraction technologies (cold-pressing, microwaves and subcritical fluids) on the recovery of oil from Chaenomelessinensis (Thouin) Koehne seeds have been evaluated and compared to those of conventional chemical extraction methods (Soxhlet extraction). This oil contains unsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols. Subcritical fluid extraction (SbFE) provided the highest yield—25.79 g oil/100 g dry seeds—of the three methods. Moreover, the fatty acid composition in the oil samples was analysed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. This analysis showed that the percentages of monounsaturated (46.61%), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (42.14%), after applying SbFE were higher than those obtained by Soxhlet, cold-pressing or microwave-assisted extraction. In addition, the oil obtained under optimized SbFE conditions (35 min extraction at 35 °C with four extraction cycles), showed significant polyphenol (527.36 mg GAE/kg oil), and flavonoid (15.32 mg RE/kg oil), content, had a good appearance and was of high quality.
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Xu F, Feng X, Shi N, Pan J, Zhan H, Han Y. Development and validation of a subcritical 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane extraction technique: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polybrominated biphenyl ethers in aquatic products. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:4213-4221. [PMID: 28744979 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A simple, rapid, and green method was developed for the simultaneous analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polybrominated biphenyl ethers in aquatic products using subcritical 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane extraction coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Effects of the extraction temperature, pressure, and cosolvent volume on the extraction efficiency were investigated by extracting spiked oyster samples. The results show that the maximum extraction efficiency was obtained at 40°C, 12 MPa, and a cosolvent (dichloromethane) volume of 5.0 mL. Under these conditions, the calibration curves had good linearity with square of the correlation larger than 0.998 in the concentration range of 5-800 ng/mL; limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.16-2.83 and 0.55-9.43 ng/g, respectively. At spiked levels of 10, 30, and 50 ng/g, the average recoveries were 70.4-80.4% for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, 74.0-83.6% for polychlorinated biphenyls, and 66.9-78.0% for polybrominated biphenyl ethers, with average relative standard deviations of less than 16.3%. The established method has no significant differences in recovery compared to traditional methods and is suitable for the analysis of real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyue Xu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaomei Feng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Nianrong Shi
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jiangbo Pan
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Supercritical Fluid Technology and Equipment, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Huashu Zhan
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Supercritical Fluid Technology and Equipment, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuqian Han
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Zheng H, Liu Q, Jia Q. Preparation of poly(butyl methacrylate-co-ethyleneglyceldimethacrylate) monolithic column modified with β-cyclodextrin and nano-cuprous oxide and its application in polymer monolithic microextraction of polychlorinated biphenyls. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1343:47-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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