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Zanotto S, Bertrand A, Purves RW, Olsen JE, Elessawy FM, Ergon Å. Biochemical changes after cold acclimation in Nordic red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) accessions with contrasting levels of freezing tolerance. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13953. [PMID: 37318218 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The ability to tolerate low freezing temperatures is an important component of winter survival and persistence of red clover. Cold acclimation (CA) allows plants to acquire higher levels of freezing tolerance. However, the biochemical responses to cold and the importance of such changes for the plant to acquire adequate freezing tolerance have not been investigated in red clover of Nordic origin, which has a distinct genetic background. To shed light on this, we selected five freezing tolerant (FT) and five freezing susceptible (FS) accessions and studied the effect of CA on the contents of carbohydrates, amino acids, and phenolic compounds in the crowns. Among those compounds which increased during CA, FT accessions had higher contents of raffinose, pinitol, arginine, serine, alanine, valine, phenylalanine, and one phenolic compound (a pinocembrin hexoside derivative) than FS accessions, suggesting a role for these compounds in the freezing tolerance in the selected accessions. These findings, together with a description of the phenolic profile of red clover crowns, significantly add to the current knowledge of the biochemical changes during CA and their role in freezing tolerance in Nordic red clover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Zanotto
- Faculty of Biosciences, Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Annick Bertrand
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Randy W Purves
- Centre for Veterinary Drug Residues, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Jorunn E Olsen
- Faculty of Biosciences, Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Fatma M Elessawy
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Åshild Ergon
- Faculty of Biosciences, Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
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2
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Elessawy FM, Hughes J, Khazaei H, Vandenberg A, El-Aneed A, Purves RW. A comparative metabolomics investigation of flavonoid variation in faba bean flowers. Metabolomics 2023; 19:52. [PMID: 37249718 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-023-02014-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) flowers are edible and used as garnishes because of their aroma, sweet flavor and attractive colors. Anthocyanins are the common plant pigments that give flowers their vivid colors, whereas non-anthocyanin flavonoids can serve as co-pigments that can modify the color intensity of flowers. OBJECTIVES To explore the polyphenol diversity and differences in standard and wing petals of faba bean flowers; and identify glycosylated flavonoids that contribute to flower color. METHODS Flower standard and wing petals from 30 faba bean genotypes (eight color groups with a total of 60 samples) were used for polyphenol extraction. Samples were analyzed using a targeted method and a semi-untargeted analysis using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) combined with photodiode array (PDA) detection. Compound Discoverer software was used for polyphenol identification and multivariate analysis. RESULTS The semi-untargeted analysis guided by the PDA detected 90 flavonoid metabolites present in faba bean flower petals. Ten anthocyanins largely influenced the flower colors, but other flavonoids (63 flavonols and 12 flavones) found with variable levels in different flower color groups appeared to also influence color, especially in mixed colors. CONCLUSION Analysis of the different colored faba bean flowers confirmed that the color variation between the flowers was mainly controlled by anthocyanins in brown, red and purple-red flowers. Of the other flavonoids, multiglycosylated kaempferols were abundant in white and brown flowers, monoglycosylated kaempferols were common in red and purple-red flowers, and quercetin and apigenin glycosides were abundant co-pigments in purple-red flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma M Elessawy
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Jessa Hughes
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Hamid Khazaei
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Albert Vandenberg
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Anas El-Aneed
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Randy W Purves
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
- Centre for Veterinary Drug Residues, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
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Karolkowski A, Belloir C, Briand L, Salles C. Non-Volatile Compounds Involved in Bitterness and Astringency of Pulses: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:3298. [PMID: 37110532 PMCID: PMC10141849 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the many advantages of pulses, they are characterised by off-flavours that limit their consumption. Off-notes, bitterness and astringency contribute to negative perceptions of pulses. Several hypotheses have assumed that non-volatile compounds, including saponins, phenolic compounds, and alkaloids, are responsible for pulse bitterness and astringency. This review aims to provide an overview highlighting the non-volatile compounds identified in pulses and their bitter and/or astringent characteristics to suggest their potential involvement in pulse off-flavours. Sensorial analyses are mainly used to describe the bitterness and astringency of molecules. However, in vitro cellular assays have shown the activation of bitter taste receptors by many phenolic compounds, suggesting their potential involvement in pulse bitterness. A better knowledge of the non-volatile compounds involved in the off-flavours should enable the creation of efficient strategies to limit their impact on overall perception and increase consumer acceptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Karolkowski
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000 Dijon, France; (A.K.); (C.B.)
- Groupe Soufflet (Ets J. Soufflet), 10400 Nogent-sur-Seine, France
| | - Christine Belloir
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000 Dijon, France; (A.K.); (C.B.)
| | - Loïc Briand
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000 Dijon, France; (A.K.); (C.B.)
| | - Christian Salles
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000 Dijon, France; (A.K.); (C.B.)
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Elessawy F, Wright D, Vandenberg A, El-Aneed A, Purves RW. Mass Spectrometry-Based Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals the Importance of Glycosylated Flavones in Patterned Lentil Seed Coats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3541-3549. [PMID: 36753710 PMCID: PMC9951240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Lentil seed coats are rich in antioxidant polyphenols that are important for plant defense and have potential as valorized byproducts. Although biochemical differences among lentil seed coat colors have been previously studied, differences among seed coat patterns remain largely unexplored. This study used mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics to investigate polyphenol differences among lentil seed coat patterns to search for biochemical pathways potentially responsible for seed coat pattern differences. Comparing patterned with non-patterned green lentil seed coats, 28 significantly upregulated metabolites were found in patterned seed coats; 19 of them were identified as flavones. Flavones were virtually absent in non-patterned seed coats, thereby strongly suggesting a blockage in their flavone biosynthetic pathway. Although the black pattern is not readily discernible on black seed coats, many of the same flavones found in green marbled seed coats were also found in black seed coats, indicating that black seed coats likely have a marbled pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma
M. Elessawy
- College
of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of
Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Derek Wright
- Department
of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5A8, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Albert Vandenberg
- Department
of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5A8, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Anas El-Aneed
- College
of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of
Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Randy W. Purves
- College
of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of
Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Centre
for Veterinary Drug Residues, Canadian Food
Inspection Agency, Saskatoon S7N 2R3, Saskatchewan, Canada
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5
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Cavalluzzi MM, Lamonaca A, Rotondo NP, Miniero DV, Muraglia M, Gabriele P, Corbo F, De Palma A, Budriesi R, De Angelis E, Monaci L, Lentini G. Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Lentil Wastes: Antioxidant Activity Evaluation and Metabolomic Characterization. Molecules 2022; 27:7471. [PMID: 36364300 PMCID: PMC9655545 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The recovery of industrial by-products is part of the zero-waste circular economy. Lentil seed coats are generally considered to be a waste by-product. However, this low-value by-product is rich in bioactive compounds and may be considered an eco-friendly source of health-promoting phytochemicals. For the first time, a sustainable microwave-assisted extraction technique was applied, and a solvent screening was carried out to enhance the bioactive compound content and the antioxidant activity of green and red lentil hull extracts. With respect to green lentil hull extracts that were obtained with different solvents, the aqueous extract of the red lentil seed coats showed the highest total phenolic and total flavonoid content (TPC = 28.3 ± 0.1 mg GAE/g dry weight, TFC = 1.89 ± 0.01 mg CE/100 mg dry weight, respectively), as well as the highest antioxidant activity, both in terms of the free radical scavenging activity (ABTS, 39.06 ± 0.73 mg TE/g dry weight; DPPH, IC50 = 0.39 μg/mL) and the protection of the neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y, IC50 = 10.1 ± 0.6 μg/mL), the latter of which has never been investigated so far. Furthermore, a metabolite discovery analysis was for the first time performed on the aqueous extracts of both cultivars using an HPLC separation which was coupled with an Orbitrap-based high-Resolution Mass Spectrometry technique.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonella Lamonaca
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy (CNR-ISPA), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University Aldo Moro-Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Natalie Paola Rotondo
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug Sciences, University Aldo Moro-Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Daniela Valeria Miniero
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University Aldo Moro-Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Marilena Muraglia
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug Sciences, University Aldo Moro-Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Gabriele
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug Sciences, University Aldo Moro-Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Filomena Corbo
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug Sciences, University Aldo Moro-Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Annalisa De Palma
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University Aldo Moro-Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Budriesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Food Chemistry and Nutraceutical Lab, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta De Angelis
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy (CNR-ISPA), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Linda Monaci
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy (CNR-ISPA), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lentini
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug Sciences, University Aldo Moro-Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
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Polyphenols, Saponins and Phytosterols in Lentils and Their Health Benefits: An Overview. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101225. [PMID: 36297337 PMCID: PMC9609092 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The lentil (Lens culinaris L.) is one of the most important legumes (family, Fabaceae). It is a natural functional food rich in many bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, saponins and phytosterols. Several studies have demonstrated that the consumption of lentils is potentially important in reducing the incidence of a number of chronic diseases, due to their bioactive compounds. The most common polyphenols in lentils include phenolic acids, flavan-3-ol, flavonols, anthocyanidins, proanthocyanidins or condensed tannins, and anthocyanins, which play an important role in the prevention of several degenerative diseases in humans, due to their antioxidant activity. Furthermore, lentil polyphenols are reported to have antidiabetic, cardioprotective and anticancer activities. Lentil saponins are triterpene glycosides, mainly soyasaponins I and βg. These saponins have a plasma cholesterol-lowering effect in humans and are important in reducing the risk of many chronic diseases. Moreover, high levels of phytosterols have been reported in lentils, especially in the seed coat, and β-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol are the most abundant. Beyond their hypocholesterolemic effect, phytosterols in lentils are known for their anti-inflammatory activity. In this review, the current information on the nutritional composition, bioactive compounds including polyphenols, saponins and phytosterols, and their associated health-promoting effects are discussed.
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7
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Counteractions of a Novel Hydroalcoholic Extract from Lens Culinaria against the Dexamethasone-Induced Osteoblast Loss of Native Murine Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11192936. [PMID: 36230898 PMCID: PMC9563349 DOI: 10.3390/cells11192936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytoprotective effects of a novel hydroalcoholic extract (0.01–5 mg/mL) from Lens culinaria (Terre di Altamura Srl) were investigated within murine native skeletal muscle fibers, bone marrow cells, and osteoblasts, and in cell lines treated with the apoptotic agent staurosporine (2.14 × 10−6 M), the alkylating drug cisplatin (10−4 M), the topoisomerase I inhibitor irinotecan (10−4 M), the antimitotic pro-oxidant doxorubicin (10−6 M), and the immunosuppressant dexamethasone (2 × 10−6 M). An amount of 10g of plant material was used to obtain a 70% ethanol/water product, following two-step extraction, evaporation, lyophilization, and storage at −20 °C. For the murine osteoblasts, doxorubicin reduced survival by −65%, dexamethasone by −32% and −60% after 24 and 48 h of incubation time, respectively. The extract was effective in preventing the osteoblast count-reduction induced by dexamethasone; it was also effective at preventing the inhibition of mineralization induced by dexamethasone. Doxorubicin and cisplatin caused a significant reduction in cell growth by −77% for bone marrow cells, −43% for irinotecan, and −60% for dexamethasone, but there was no evidence for the cytoprotective effects of the extract in these cells. Staurosporine and doxorubicin caused a fiber death rate of >−40% after 18 and 24 h of incubation, yet the extract was not effective at preventing these effects. The extract was effective in preventing the staurosporine-induced reduction of HEK293 proliferation and colony formation in the crystal violet DNA staining and the clonogenic assays. It was also effective for the cisplatin-induced reduction in HEK293 cell proliferation. The extract, however, failed to protect the SHSY5Y neurons against cisplatin and irinotecan-induced cytotoxicity. A UV/VIS spectroscopy analysis showed three peaks at the wavelengths of 350, 260, and 190 nm, which correspond to flavonoids, proanthocyanins, salicylates, and AA, constituting the extract. These data suggest the possible development of this extract for use against dexamethasone-induced bone loss and renal chemotherapy-induced damage.
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Ma B, Wang K, Guo J, Zhu G, Zhao X, Zhao M, Yang X, Shao H. Anthocyanins of Asian bird cherries (
Prunus nepalensis
L.): an untapped source for natural food colorants. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.17128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Ma
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Security Control Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Kaijie Wang
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Security Control Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Juntong Guo
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Security Control Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Ge Zhu
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Security Control Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Xinghua Zhao
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Security Control Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Mengge Zhao
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Security Control Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Xingbin Yang
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Security Control Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Hongjun Shao
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Security Control Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
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Alrosan M, Tan TC, Koh WY, Easa AM, Gammoh S, Alu'datt MH. Overview of fermentation process: structure-function relationship on protein quality and non-nutritive compounds of plant-based proteins and carbohydrates. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7677-7691. [PMID: 35266840 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2049200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Demands for high nutritional value-added food products and plant-based proteins have increased over the last decade, in line with the growth of the human population and consumer health awareness. The quality of the plant-based proteins depends on their digestibility, amino acid content, and residues of non-nutritive compounds, such as phenolic compounds, anti-nutritional compounds, antioxidants, and saponins. The presence of these non-nutritive compounds could have detrimental effects on the quality of the proteins. One of the solutions to address these shortcomings of plant-based proteins is fermentation, whereby enzymes that present naturally in microorganisms used during fermentation are responsible for the cleavage of the bonds between proteins and non-nutritive compounds. This mechanism has pronounced effects on the non-nutritive compounds, resulting in the enhancement of protein digestibility and functional properties of plant-based proteins. We assert that the types of plant-based proteins and microorganisms used during fermentation must be carefully addressed to truly enhance the quality, functional properties, and health functionalities of plant-based proteins.Supplemental data for this article is available online at here. show.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alrosan
- Food Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Thuan-Chew Tan
- Food Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Wee Yin Koh
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Azhar Mat Easa
- Food Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Sana Gammoh
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Muhammad H Alu'datt
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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An Untargeted Metabolomics Approach for Correlating Pulse Crop Seed Coat Polyphenol Profiles with Antioxidant Capacity and Iron Chelation Ability. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133833. [PMID: 34201792 PMCID: PMC8270320 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulse crop seed coats are a sustainable source of antioxidant polyphenols, but are typically treated as low-value products, partly because some polyphenols reduce iron bioavailability in humans. This study correlates antioxidant/iron chelation capabilities of diverse seed coat types from five major pulse crops (common bean, lentil, pea, chickpea and faba bean) with polyphenol composition using mass spectrometry. Untargeted metabolomics was used to identify key differences and a hierarchical analysis revealed that common beans had the most diverse polyphenol profiles among these pulse crops. The highest antioxidant capacities were found in seed coats of black bean and all tannin lentils, followed by maple pea, however, tannin lentils showed much lower iron chelation among these seed coats. Thus, tannin lentils are more desirable sources as natural antioxidants in food applications, whereas black bean and maple pea are more suitable sources for industrial applications. Regardless of pulse crop, proanthocyanidins were primary contributors to antioxidant capacity, and to a lesser extent, anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols, whereas glycosylated flavonols contributed minimally. Higher iron chelation was primarily attributed to proanthocyanidin composition, and also myricetin 3-O-glucoside in black bean. Seed coats having proanthocyanidins that are primarily prodelphinidins show higher iron chelation compared with those containing procyanidins and/or propelargonidins.
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11
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Paranavitana L, Oh WY, Yeo J, Shahidi F. Determination of soluble and insoluble-bound phenolic compounds in dehulled, whole, and hulls of green and black lentils using electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS/MS and their inhibition in DNA strand scission. Food Chem 2021; 361:130083. [PMID: 34029906 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The soluble and insoluble-bound phenolic fractions of hull, whole, and dehulled black and green lentil extracts were identified and quantified using electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS/MS. Several in vitro antioxidant tests and inhibition of DNA strand scission were conducted to assess different pathways of activity. The most abundant phenolics in the soluble fractions were caffeic acid (412.2 μg/g), quercetin, (486.5 μg/g) quercetin glucoside (633.6 μg/g) luteolin glucoside (239.1 μg/g) and formononetin (920 μg/g), while myricetin (534.1 μg/g) and catechin (653.4 μg/g) were the predominant phenolics in the insoluble bound fraction. Hulls of both lentil cultivars had the highest phenolic content and the strongest antioxidant activity followed by whole and dehulled samples. Thus, lentil hulls would serve as an excellent source for the production of functional foods. Moreover, ESI-MS/MS (direct infusion) analysis was the rapid and high-throughput approach for the determination of bioactives in lentils by reducing the analysis time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Paranavitana
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada
| | - Won Young Oh
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada
| | - JuDong Yeo
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada
| | - Fereidoon Shahidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada.
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12
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Rusko J, Vainovska P, Vilne B, Bartkevics V. Phenolic profiles of raw mono- and polyfloral honeys from Latvia. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.103813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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13
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Tor-Roca A, Garcia-Aloy M, Mattivi F, Llorach R, Andres-Lacueva C, Urpi-Sarda M. Phytochemicals in Legumes: A Qualitative Reviewed Analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:13486-13496. [PMID: 33169614 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Legumes are an excellent source of nutrients and phytochemicals. They have been recognized for their contributions to health, sustainability, and the economy. Although legumes comprise several species and varieties, little is known about the differences in their phytochemical composition and the magnitude of these. Therefore, the aim of this review is to describe and compare the qualitative profile of phytochemicals contained in legumes and identified through LC-MS and GC-MS methods. Among the 478 phytochemicals reported in 52 varieties of legumes, phenolic compounds were by far the most frequently described (n = 405, 85%). Metabolomics data analysis tools were used to visualize the qualitative differences, showing beans to be the most widely analyzed legumes and those with the highest number of discriminant phytochemicals (n = 180, 38%). A Venn diagram showed that lentils, beans, soybeans, and chickpeas shared only 7% of their compounds. This work highlighted the huge chemical diversity among legumes and identified the need for further research in this field and the use of metabolomics as a promising tool to achieve it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Tor-Roca
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Institute for Research on Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), Food and Nutrition Torribera Campus, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Garcia-Aloy
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Institute for Research on Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), Food and Nutrition Torribera Campus, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red (CIBER) on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Fulvio Mattivi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, 38123 Povo, Italy
| | - Rafael Llorach
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Institute for Research on Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), Food and Nutrition Torribera Campus, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red (CIBER) on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Andres-Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Institute for Research on Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), Food and Nutrition Torribera Campus, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red (CIBER) on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Urpi-Sarda
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Institute for Research on Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), Food and Nutrition Torribera Campus, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red (CIBER) on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
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Zanotto S, Khazaei H, Elessawy FM, Vandenberg A, Purves RW. Do Faba Bean Genotypes Carrying Different Zero-Tannin Genes ( zt1 and zt2) Differ in Phenolic Profiles? JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:7530-7540. [PMID: 32628473 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Faba bean is a cool season grain legume that produces seeds with a high protein content. Seed coat tannins limit its use in food and feed. A low-tannin phenotype is controlled by either of two unlinked recessive genes zt1 and zt2. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to characterize phenolic profiles of seed coat and flower tissue of three faba bean genotypes: CDC Snowdrop (zt1 gene), Disco/2 (zt2 gene), and ILB 938/2 (tannin-containing). For both tissues, clear differences in phenolic profiles of ILB 938/2 were observed in comparison to both low-tannin lines. Although seed coat phenolic profiles of zt1 and zt2 genotypes were similar, distinct differences were evident in flower tissue, suggesting that the gene action results in some different end products of the phenolic biosynthetic pathway. These distinctive compounds could be used as biochemical markers to distinguish between low-tannin phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Zanotto
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Hamid Khazaei
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Fatma M Elessawy
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Albert Vandenberg
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Randy W Purves
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A8, Canada
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
- Centre for Veterinary Drug Residues, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 2R3, Canada
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15
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Elessawy FM, Bazghaleh N, Vandenberg A, Purves RW. Polyphenol profile comparisons of seed coats of five pulse crops using a semi-quantitative liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric method. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2020; 31:458-471. [PMID: 31869515 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pulse crops are nutritious and therefore widely grown. Pulse seed coats are typically discarded, despite their high content of polyphenols that are known for their antioxidant properties and health benefits. A better understanding of polyphenol diversity and biochemical pathways will ultimately provide insight into how polyphenols are linked to health benefits, which will help to better utilise these seed coats. OBJECTIVES To explore polyphenol profiles among seed coats of diverse genotypes of five pulse crops using a targeted liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method. METHODS Four genotypes of each of common bean, chickpea, pea, lentil and faba bean seed coats were selected for analysis. Following extraction, polyphenols were quantified using LC-MS. RESULTS An LC-MS method was developed to quantify 98 polyphenols from 13 different classes in 30 min. The low-tannin seed coats had the lowest concentrations of all polyphenols. Chickpea and pea seed coats had the most similar polyphenolic profiles. The black common bean showed the most diverse seed coat polyphenol profile, including several anthocyanins not detected in any of the other seed coats. CONCLUSION The LC-MS method reported herein was used to show polyphenol diversity within several polyphenol classes among the pulse crop seed coats. Detected in all seed coats, flavonols and hydroxybenzoic acids appear well-conserved in the edible Fabaceae. The presence of anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols and proanthocyanins in the coloured seed coats suggests that unique divergent branches were introduced in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway, possibly in response to environmental stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma M Elessawy
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Navid Bazghaleh
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Albert Vandenberg
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Randy W Purves
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Centre for Veterinary Drug Residues, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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16
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Identification and quantification of soluble and insoluble-bound phenolics in lentil hulls using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS and their antioxidant potential. Food Chem 2020; 315:126202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Sun Y, Deng Z, Liu R, Zhang H, Zhu H, Jiang L, Tsao R. A comprehensive profiling of free, conjugated and bound phenolics and lipophilic antioxidants in red and green lentil processing by-products. Food Chem 2020; 325:126925. [PMID: 32387929 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A systemic approach was taken in profiling the hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidants in lentil hulls using a combination of HPLC, LC-ESI-MS2 and GC techniques. A total of 37 phenolics were tentatively identified in the hydrophilic fractions, while four carotenoids and three tocopherols were found in the lipophilic fraction. Results showed that in addition to the high free extractable phenolics, phenolic compounds in conjugated and bound forms also exist in similar amounts. Information on conjugated and bound phenolics are particularly important as these forms of phenolics often go unnoticed by chromatographic profiling of extractables. All phenolic, carotenoid and tocopherol fractions contributed to antioxidant activities. Information about bioactives from lentil hulls, specifically conjugated and bound phenolics are reported here for the first time. The comprehensive profiling of these bioactives lays a good foundation for further assessment of the value-added uses of lentil hulls which are by-products of pulse processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China; Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agricultural and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada
| | - Zeyuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
| | - Ronghua Liu
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agricultural and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada
| | - Hua Zhang
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agricultural and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada; Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, China
| | - Honghui Zhu
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agricultural and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada
| | - Li Jiang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, China
| | - Rong Tsao
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agricultural and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada.
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18
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Characterization of Flavonoid Compounds in Common Swedish Berry Species. Foods 2020; 9:foods9030358. [PMID: 32204535 PMCID: PMC7143522 DOI: 10.3390/foods9030358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Berries are considered an ideal source of polyphenols, especially from the flavonoid group. In this study, we examined the flavonoid content in 16 varieties of Swedish lingonberry, raspberry, blueberry, and strawberry. Nineteen flavonoids were simultaneously quantified using external standards. An additional 29 flavonoids were tentatively identified using MS as no standards were available. Quantification was done using HPLC-UV after optimization of chromatographic and extraction procedures. The method showed high linearity within the range of 2-100 μg/mL (correlation co-efficient >0.999), intra- and inter-day precision of 1.7-7.3% and average recovery above 84% for all compounds. Blueberries and lingonberries were found to contain higher contents of flavonoids (1100 mg/100 g dry weight) than raspberries and strawberries (500 mg/100 g dry weight). Anthocyanins were the dominant flavonoids in all berries. The tentatively characterized compounds contribute 18%, 29%, 61%, and 67% of the total flavonoid content in strawberries, lingonberries, raspberries, and blueberries, respectively. Overall, Swedish berries were shown to be good sources of polyphenols.
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19
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Portman D, Maharjan P, McDonald L, Laskovska S, Walker C, Irvin H, Blanchard C, Naiker M, Panozzo JF. Nutritional and functional properties of cookies made using down‐graded lentil – A candidate for novel food production and crop utilization. Cereal Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cche.10232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Drew Portman
- School of Biomedical Science Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga NSW Australia
- Agriculture Victoria Research Grain Innovation Park Horsham Vic. Australia
| | - Pankaj Maharjan
- Agriculture Victoria Research Grain Innovation Park Horsham Vic. Australia
| | - Linda McDonald
- Agriculture Victoria Research Grain Innovation Park Horsham Vic. Australia
| | - Slavica Laskovska
- Agriculture Victoria Research Grain Innovation Park Horsham Vic. Australia
| | - Cassandra Walker
- Agriculture Victoria Research Grain Innovation Park Horsham Vic. Australia
| | - Heidi Irvin
- Agriculture Victoria Research Grain Innovation Park Horsham Vic. Australia
| | - Chris Blanchard
- School of Biomedical Science Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga NSW Australia
| | - Mani Naiker
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Science Central Queensland University Rockhampton Qld Australia
| | - Joe F. Panozzo
- Agriculture Victoria Research Grain Innovation Park Horsham Vic. Australia
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20
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Guo F, Xiong H, Wang X, Jiang L, Yu N, Hu Z, Sun Y, Tsao R. Phenolics of Green Pea ( Pisum sativum L.) Hulls, Their Plasma and Urinary Metabolites, Bioavailability, and in Vivo Antioxidant Activities in a Rat Model. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:11955-11968. [PMID: 31595748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Increased processing of pulses generates large volumes of hulls, which are known as an excellent source of phenolic antioxidants. However, the bioavailability and in vivo activity of these phenolics are rarely reported. This research was therefore carried out to study the absorption, metabolism, and in vivo antioxidant activities of green pea hull (GPH) phenolics using ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography with a linear ion trap-high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry and an oxidative stress rat model. A total of 31 phenolics, including 4 phenolic acids, 24 flavonoids, and 3 other phenolics, were tentatively identified. Ten of these phenolics and 49 metabolites were found in the plasma and urine of rats, which helped to explain the favorable changes by GPH phenolics in key antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione) and indicators (total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde) in the plasma and different tissues of rats. This is the first comprehensive report on dry pea hull phenolics and their bioavailability, metabolic profiles, and mechanisms of in vivo antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047 , Jiangxi , China
| | - Hua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047 , Jiangxi , China
| | - Xiaoya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047 , Jiangxi , China
| | - Li Jiang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanchang 330004 , Jiangxi , China
| | - Ningxiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047 , Jiangxi , China
| | - Zhenying Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047 , Jiangxi , China
| | - Yong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047 , Jiangxi , China
| | - Rong Tsao
- Agricultural and Agri-Food Canada , Guelph Research and Development Centre , 93 Stone Road West , Guelph , ON N1G 5C9 , Canada
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21
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NMR Based Metabolomic Analysis of Health Promoting Phytochemicals in Lentils. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9080168. [PMID: 31412621 PMCID: PMC6724105 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9080168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lentils are a high-protein plant food and a valuable source of human nutrition, particularly in the Indian subcontinent. However, beyond sustenance, there is evidence that the consumption of lentils (and legumes in general) is associated with decreased risk of diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Lentils contain health-promoting phytochemicals, such as trigonelline and various polyphenolics. Fourteen lentil genotypes were grown at three locations to explore the variation in phytochemical composition in hulls and cotyledons. Significant differences were measured between genotypes and environments, with some genotypes more affected by environment than others. However, there was a strong genetic effect which indicated that future breeding programs could breed for lentils that product more of these health-promoting phytochemicals.
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22
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Patel M, Kumar R, Kishor K, Mlsna T, Pittman CU, Mohan D. Pharmaceuticals of Emerging Concern in Aquatic Systems: Chemistry, Occurrence, Effects, and Removal Methods. Chem Rev 2019; 119:3510-3673. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 827] [Impact Index Per Article: 165.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manvendra Patel
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Kamal Kishor
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Todd Mlsna
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Charles U. Pittman
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Dinesh Mohan
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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23
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Cechová M, Hradilová I, Smýkal P, Barták P, Bednář P. Utilization of atmospheric solids analysis probe mass spectrometry for analysis of fatty acids on seed surface. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:1169-1180. [PMID: 30617396 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1551-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Atmospheric solids analysis probe mass spectrometry (ASAP-MS) was used for the first time for direct surface analysis of plant material. It can be readily used for surface analysis of whole and intact pea seeds and their seed coats, and for the study of the profile of fatty acids on the outer surface. Furthermore, ASAP-MS in combination with multivariate statistics allowed classification of pea genotypes with respect to physical dormancy and investigation of related biological markers. Hexacosanoic and octacosanoic acids were suggested to be important markers likely influencing water transport through the seed coat into the embryo (with the highest significance for dormant L100 genotype). ASAP-MS provided higher selectivity and better signal of fatty acids compared to (MA)LDI-MS (laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry either matrix free or matrix assisted) providing on the other hand spatial distribution information and results obtained by both methods are mutually supportive. The developed ASAP-MS method and obtained results can be widely utilized in biological, food, and agricultural research. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Cechová
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Hradilová
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Smýkal
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Barták
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Bednář
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Bazghaleh N, Prashar P, Purves RW, Vandenberg A. Polyphenolic Composition of Lentil Roots in Response to Infection by Aphanomyces euteiches. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1131. [PMID: 30123232 PMCID: PMC6085569 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols comprise the largest group of plant secondary metabolites and have critical roles in plant physiology and response to the biotic and abiotic environment. Changes in the content of polyphenols in the root extracts and root tissues of wild (Lens ervoides) and cultivated (Lens culinaris) lentil genotypes were examined in response to infection by Aphanomyces euteiches using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Genotype, infection and their interaction determined the composition of polyphenols in lentil roots. The levels of several polyphenols were lower in the root extract of the low-tannin genotype L. culinaris ZT-4 compared to L. ervoides L01-827A. Kaempferol derivatives including kaempferol dirutinoside and kaempferol 3-robinoside 7-rhamnoside were more concentrated in the healthy root tissues of L. ervoides L01-827A than in L. culinaris genotypes. Infection increased the concentration of kaempferol, apigenin, and naringenin in the root tissues of all genotypes, but had no effect on some polyphenols in the low-tannin genotype L. culinaris ZT-4. The concentrations of apigenin, naringenin, apigenin 4-glucoside, naringenin7-rutinoside, diosmetin, and hesperetin 7-rutinoside were higher in the infected root tissues of L. ervoides L01-827A compared with the L. culinaris genotypes. Organic acids including coumaric acid, vanillic acid, 4-aminosalicylic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid effectively suppressed the in-vitro hyphal growth of A. euteiches. Some of these bioactive polyphenols were more concentrated in roots of L. ervoides L01-827A but were low to undetectable in ZT-4. This study shows that genotypic differences exist in the composition of root polyphenols in lentil, and is related to the response to infection caused by A. euteiches. Polyphenols, particularly the organic acid content could be useful for selection and breeding of lentil genotypes that are resistant to Aphanomyces root rot (ARR) disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Bazghaleh
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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25
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Farag MA, Khattab AR, Ehrlich A, Kropf M, Heiss AG, Wessjohann LA. Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolite Profiling of Nutrients and Antinutrients in Eight Lens and Lupinus Seeds (Fabaceae). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:4267-4280. [PMID: 29561614 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Lens culinaris and several Lupinus species are two legumes regarded as potential protein resources aside from their richness in phytochemicals. Consequently, characterization of their metabolite composition seems warranted to be considered as a sustainable commercial functional food. This study presents a discriminatory holistic approach for metabolite profiling in accessions of four lentil cultivars and four Lupinus species via gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A total of 107 metabolites were identified, encompassing organic and amino acids, sugars, and sterols, along with antinutrients, viz., alkaloids and sugar phosphates. Among the examined specimens, four nutritionally valuable accessions ought to be prioritized for future breeding to include Lupinus hispanicus, enriched in organic ( ca. 11.7%) and amino acids ( ca. 5%), and Lupinus angustifolius, rich in sucrose ( ca. 40%), along with two dark-colored lentil cultivars 'verte du Puy' and 'Black Beluga' enriched in peptides. Antinutrient chemicals were observed in Lupinus polyphyllus, owing to its high alkaloid content. Several species-specific markers were also revealed using multivariate data analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy , Cairo University , Kasr el Aini Street , Cairo 11562 , Egypt
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences and Engineering , The American University in Cairo , New Cairo 11835 , Egypt
| | - Amira R Khattab
- Pharmacognosy Department, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport , Post Office Box 1029, Alexandria , Egypt
| | - Anja Ehrlich
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry , Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry , Weinberg 3 , D-06120 Halle , Germany
| | - Matthias Kropf
- Institute for Integrative Nature Conservation Research , University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU) , Gregor Mendel-Straße 33 , 1180 Vienna , Austria
| | - Andreas G Heiss
- Department for Bioarchaeology, Austrian Archaeological Institute (ÖAI) , Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) , 1190 Vienna , Austria
| | - Ludger A Wessjohann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry , Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry , Weinberg 3 , D-06120 Halle , Germany
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Ligor M, Ratiu IA, Kiełbasa A, Al-Suod H, Buszewski B. Extraction approaches used for the determination of biologically active compounds (cyclitols, polyphenols and saponins) isolated from plant material. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:1860-1874. [PMID: 29603754 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Based on the bioactive properties of certain compounds, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, an interesting subject of research are natural substances present in various parts of plants. The choice of the most appropriate method for separation and quantification of biologically active compounds from plants and natural products is a crucial step of any analytical procedure. The aim of this review article is to present an overview of a comprehensive literature study from the last 10 years (2007-2017), where relevant articles exposed the latest trends and the most appropriate methods applicable for separation and quantification of biologically active compounds from plant material and natural products. Consequently, various extraction methods have been discussed, together with the available procedures for purification and pre-concentration and dedicated methods used for analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Ligor
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Ileana-Andreea Ratiu
- Babeş-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Anna Kiełbasa
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Hossam Al-Suod
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Bogusław Buszewski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
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27
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Quantification of vicine and convicine in faba bean seeds using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. Food Chem 2018; 240:1137-1145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Ciudad-Mulero M, Barros L, Fernandes Â, Berrios JDJ, Cámara M, Morales P, Fernández-Ruiz V, Ferreira ICFR. Bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of extruded snack-type products developed from novel formulations of lentil and nutritional yeast flours. Food Funct 2018; 9:819-829. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01730h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pulses are well known to be gluten-free functional foods that provide a rich source of nutritional and healthy compounds with antioxidant-promoting activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Ciudad-Mulero
- Dpto. Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos
- Facultad de Farmacia
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
- Pza Ramón y Cajal
- s/n
| | - Lillian Barros
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO)
- ESA
- Polytechnic Institute of Bragança
- 5300-253 Bragança
- Portugal
| | - Ângela Fernandes
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO)
- ESA
- Polytechnic Institute of Bragança
- 5300-253 Bragança
- Portugal
| | | | - Montaña Cámara
- Dpto. Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos
- Facultad de Farmacia
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
- Pza Ramón y Cajal
- s/n
| | - Patricia Morales
- Dpto. Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos
- Facultad de Farmacia
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
- Pza Ramón y Cajal
- s/n
| | - Virginia Fernández-Ruiz
- Dpto. Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos
- Facultad de Farmacia
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
- Pza Ramón y Cajal
- s/n
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Polyphenol-Rich Lentils and Their Health Promoting Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112390. [PMID: 29125587 PMCID: PMC5713359 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are a group of plant metabolites with potent antioxidant properties, which protect against various chronic diseases induced by oxidative stress. Evidence showed that dietary polyphenols have emerged as one of the prominent scientific interests due to their role in the prevention of degenerative diseases in humans. Possible health beneficial effects of polyphenols are measured based on the human consumption and their bioavailability. Lentil (Lens culinaris; Family: Fabaceae) is a great source of polyphenol compounds with various health-promoting properties. Polyphenol-rich lentils have a potential effect on human health, possessing properties such as antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer. Based on the explorative study, the current comprehensive review aims to give up-to-date information on nutritive compositions, bioactive compounds and the health-promoting effect of polyphenol-rich lentils, which explores their therapeutic values for future clinical studies. All data of in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies of lentils and their impact on human health were collected from a library database and electronic search (Science Direct, PubMed and Google Scholar). Health-promoting information was gathered and orchestrated in the suitable place in the review.
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Singh B, Singh JP, Kaur A, Singh N. Phenolic composition and antioxidant potential of grain legume seeds: A review. Food Res Int 2017; 101:1-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Gong Y, Pegg RB. Separation of Ellagitannin-Rich Phenolics from U.S. Pecans and Chinese Hickory Nuts Using Fused-Core HPLC Columns and Their Characterization. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:5810-5820. [PMID: 28648053 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
U.S. pecans and Chinese hickory nuts possess a wide array of phenolic constituents with potential health benefits including phenolic acids and proanthocyanidins. Only limited information is available, however, on their compositions. The present study optimized the separation performance and characterized the low-molecular-weight phenolic fractions of these nuts with C18 and pentafluorophenyl (PFP) fused-core LC columns by employing a kinetic approach. Although both types of reversed-phase columns demonstrated similar performance in general, the PFP column furnished greater plate numbers and superior peak shapes for the low-molecular-weight fractions as well as overall separations of ellagic acid derivatives. The high-molecular-weight fraction of pecans, analyzed by a 3-μm HILIC column, possessed more proanthocyanidins than the Chinese hickory nuts with dimers and trimers (31.4 and 18.34 mg/g crude extract, respectively) being present at the greatest levels. Chinese hickory nuts had lower proanthocyanidin content but possessed tetramers and pentamers at 4.46 and 4.01 mg/g crude extract, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Gong
- Department of Food Science & Technology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The University of Georgia , 100 Cedar Street, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Ronald B Pegg
- Department of Food Science & Technology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The University of Georgia , 100 Cedar Street, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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Wang L, Yamashita Y, Saito A, Ashida H. An analysis method for flavan-3-ols using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a fluorescence detector. J Food Drug Anal 2017; 25:478-487. [PMID: 28911633 PMCID: PMC9328811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Wang
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501,
Japan
| | - Yoko Yamashita
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501,
Japan
| | - Akiko Saito
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Electro-Communication University (OECU), Osaka 572-8530,
Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ashida
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501,
Japan
- Corresponding author. Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan., E-mail address: (H. Ashida)
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33
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Mirali M, Purves RW, Vandenberg A. Profiling the Phenolic Compounds of the Four Major Seed Coat Types and Their Relation to Color Genes in Lentil. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:1310-1317. [PMID: 28448137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds can provide antioxidant health benefits for humans, and foods such as lentils can be valuable dietary sources of different subclasses of these secondary metabolites. This study used LC-MS analyses to compare the phenolic profiles of lentil genotypes with four seed coat background colors (green, gray, tan, and brown) and two cotyledon colors (red and yellow) grown at two locations. The mean area ratio per mg sample (MARS) values of various phenolic compounds in lentil seeds varied with the different seed coat colors conferred by specific genotypes. Seed coats of lentil genotypes with the homozygous recessive tgc allele (green and gray seed coats) had higher MARS values of flavan-3-ols, proanthocyanidins, and some flavonols. This suggests lentils featuring green and gray seed coats might be more promising as health-promoting foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahla Mirali
- Plant Sciences Department, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5A8
| | - Randy W Purves
- Plant Sciences Department, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5A8
| | - Albert Vandenberg
- Plant Sciences Department, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5A8
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Singh B, Singh JP, Shevkani K, Singh N, Kaur A. Bioactive constituents in pulses and their health benefits. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017; 54:858-870. [PMID: 28303037 PMCID: PMC5336453 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-016-2391-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Pulses are good sources of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, phytosterols and non-digestible carbohydrates that play important physiological as well as metabolic roles. These compounds vary in concentration amongst different pulse species and varieties. Pulse seed coats are rich in water-insoluble fibres and polyphenols (having high antioxidant activities), while cotyledons contain higher soluble fibres, oligosaccharides, slowly digestible and resistant starch content. Ferulic acid is the most abundant phenolic acid present in pulses, while flavonol glycosides, anthocyanins and tannins are responsible for the seed coat colour. Sitosterol (most abundant), stigmasterol, and campesterol are the major phytosterols present in pulses. Pulse fibres, resistant starch and oligosaccharides function as probiotics and possess several other health benefits such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumour, and reduce glucose as well as lipid levels. Beans and peas contain higher amounts of oligosaccharides than other pulses. Processing methods affect resistant starch, polyphenol composition and generally increase antioxidant activities of different pulses. In this review, the current information on pulse polyphenols, phytosterols, resistant starch, dietary fibre, oligosaccharides, antioxidant and associated health benefits are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balwinder Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Khalsa College, Amritsar, Punjab 143002 India
| | - Jatinder Pal Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005 India
| | - Khetan Shevkani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005 India
- Centre for Applied Agriculture, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001 India
| | - Narpinder Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005 India
| | - Amritpal Kaur
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005 India
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35
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Mirali M, Purves RW, Stonehouse R, Song R, Bett K, Vandenberg A. Genetics and Biochemistry of Zero-Tannin Lentils. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164624. [PMID: 27788158 PMCID: PMC5082924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The zero-tannin trait in lentil is controlled by a single recessive gene (tan) that results in a phenotype characterized by green stems, white flowers, and thin, transparent, or translucent seed coats. Genes that result in zero-tannin characteristics are useful for studies of seed coat pigmentation and biochemical characters because they have altered pigmentation. In this study, one of the major groups of plant pigments, phenolic compounds, was compared among zero-tannin and normal phenotypes and genotypes of lentil. Biochemical data were obtained by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Genomic sequencing was used to identify a candidate gene for the tan locus. Phenolic compound profiling revealed that myricetin, dihydromyricetin, flavan-3-ols, and proanthocyanidins are only detected in normal lentil phenotypes and not in zero-tannin types. The molecular analysis showed that the tan gene encodes a bHLH transcription factor, homologous to the A gene in pea. The results of this study suggest that tan as a bHLH transcription factor interacts with the regulatory genes in the biochemical pathway of phenolic compounds starting from flavonoid-3',5'-hydroxylase (F3'5'H) and dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahla Mirali
- Plant Sciences Department, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Randy W. Purves
- Plant Sciences Department, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Rob Stonehouse
- Plant Sciences Department, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Rui Song
- Plant Sciences Department, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Kirstin Bett
- Plant Sciences Department, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Albert Vandenberg
- Plant Sciences Department, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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36
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Mirali M, Purves RW, Vandenberg A. Phenolic profiling of green lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.) seeds subjected to long-term storage. Eur Food Res Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-016-2713-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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37
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Core-Shell Columns in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Food Analysis Applications. Int J Anal Chem 2016; 2016:3189724. [PMID: 27143972 PMCID: PMC4842074 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3189724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased separation efficiency provided by the new technology of column packed with core-shell particles in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has resulted in their widespread diffusion in several analytical fields: from pharmaceutical, biological, environmental, and toxicological. The present paper presents their most recent applications in food analysis. Their use has proved to be particularly advantageous for the determination of compounds at trace levels or when a large amount of samples must be analyzed fast using reliable and solvent-saving apparatus. The literature hereby described shows how the outstanding performances provided by core-shell particles column on a traditional HPLC instruments are comparable to those obtained with a costly UHPLC instrumentation, making this novel column a promising key tool in food analysis.
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de Villiers A, Venter P, Pasch H. Recent advances and trends in the liquid-chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of flavonoids. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1430:16-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.11.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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39
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Alshikh N, de Camargo AC, Shahidi F. Phenolics of selected lentil cultivars: Antioxidant activities and inhibition of low-density lipoprotein and DNA damage. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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