1
|
Jia S, Tao T, Xie Y, Yu L, Kang X, Zhang Y, Tang W, Gong J. Chirality Supramolecular Systems: Helical Assemblies, Structure Designs, and Functions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307874. [PMID: 37890278 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Chirality, as one of the most striking characteristics, exists at various scales in nature. Originating from the interactions of host and guest molecules, supramolecular chirality possesses huge potential in the design of functional materials. Here, an overview of the recent progress in structure designs and functions of chiral supramolecular materials is present. First, three design routes of the chiral supramolecular structure are summarized. Compared with the template-induced and chemical synthesis strategies that depend on accurate molecular identification, the twisted-assembly technique creates chiral materials through the ordered stacking of the nanowire or films. Next, chirality inversion and amplification are reviewed to explain the chirality transfer from the molecular level to the macroscopic scale, where the available external stimuli on the chirality inversion are also given. Lastly, owing to the optical activity and the characteristics of the layer-by-layer stacking structure, the supramolecular chirality materials display various excellent performances, including smart response, shape-memorization, superior mechanical performance, and applications in biomedical fields. To sum up, this work provides a systematic review of the helical assemblies, structure design, and applications of supramolecular chirality systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhe Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Tiantian Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yujiang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Liuyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Weiwei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Junbo Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Harps LC, Jendretzki AL, Wolf CA, Girreser U, Wolber G, Parr MK. Development of an HPLC-MS/MS Method for Chiral Separation and Quantitation of ( R)- and ( S)-Salbutamol and Their Sulfoconjugated Metabolites in Urine to Investigate Stereoselective Sulfonation. Molecules 2023; 28:7206. [PMID: 37894685 PMCID: PMC10609612 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop and optimize a chiral HPLC-MS/MS method for quantitative analysis of (R)-/(S)-salbutamol and (R)-/(S)-salbutamol-4'-O-sulfate in human urine to allow for bioanalytical quantitation of the targeted analytes and investigations of stereoselectivity in the sulfonation pathway of human phase Ⅱ metabolism. For analytical method development, a systematic screening of columns and mobile phases to develop a separation via enantiomerically selective high performance liquid chromatography was performed. Electrospray ionization settings were optimized via multiple-step screening and a full factorial design-of-experiment. Both approaches were performed matrix-assisted and the predicted values were compared. The full factorial design was superior in terms of prediction power and knowledge generation. Performing a longitudinal excretion study in one healthy volunteer allowed for the calculation of excretion rates for all four targeted analytes. For this proof-of-concept, either racemic salbutamol or enantiopure levosalbutamol was administered perorally or via inhalation, respectively. A strong preference for sulfonation of (R)-salbutamol for inhalation and peroral application was found in in vivo experiments. In previous studies phenol sulfotransferase 1A3 was described to be mainly responsible for salbutamol sulfonation in humans. Thus, in vitro and in silico investigations of the stereoselectivity of sulfotransferase 1A3 complemented the study and confirmed these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Corbinian Harps
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (L.C.H.); (A.L.J.)
| | - Annika Lisa Jendretzki
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (L.C.H.); (A.L.J.)
| | - Clemens Alexander Wolf
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (Computer-Aided Drug Design), Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (C.A.W.); (G.W.)
| | - Ulrich Girreser
- Institute of Pharmacy, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Gutenbergstr. 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Gerhard Wolber
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (Computer-Aided Drug Design), Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (C.A.W.); (G.W.)
| | - Maria Kristina Parr
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (L.C.H.); (A.L.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sahu PL, Maurya AK, Priyadarshini S, Siddiqui AA, Sahu K. Measurement Uncertainty and Validation for Quantitation of Salbutamol in Human Urine by Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J Chromatogr Sci 2023; 61:605-611. [PMID: 36214345 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmac079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
A simple, rapid, sensitive and specific gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) method was developed for quantitation of salbutamol in human urine using salbutamol-d3 as the internal standard. The processing of urines samples includes deconjugation with enzymatic hydrolysis, solid phase extraction procedure utilizing XAD2 column and liquid-liquid extraction accompanied by the derivatization by means of MSTFA/IODO-TMS/DTE mixture. The GC column was a HP Ultra-1 (17 m × 0.22 mm × 0.11 μm) used to separate the peak of interest. The data for GC-MS/MS were acquired and processed utilizing GC Labs Solution and Insight GCMS Software. The detection of spectra was performed on TQ 8050. This method included a chromatographic run of 13.67 min and the linearity was found over the concentration range of 250-2000 ng/mL with a regression coefficient (r2) of 0.99. The coefficient of variation for intra and interday assay precision was between 1.85 and 2.85% and the accuracy was between 95.50 and 107.04% for low quality control (QC), medium QC and high QC. The recovery was adequate to reliable detect the analyte at or below the level recommended by the World Anti-Doping Agency i.e., threshold 1000 ng/mL. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were found to be 10 and 100 ng/mL, respectively. The expanded measurement uncertainty (Uexp%) was found to be 8.28%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Puran Lal Sahu
- National Dope Testing Laboratory, Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports (MYAS), Government of India, New Delhi 110003, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Maurya
- National Dope Testing Laboratory, Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports (MYAS), Government of India, New Delhi 110003, India
| | - Subhasmita Priyadarshini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Anees Ahmad Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Kapendra Sahu
- National Dope Testing Laboratory, Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports (MYAS), Government of India, New Delhi 110003, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang Y, Chen J, Gong H, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Li M, Cui Y. Enantioselective evaluation of chiral cosmetic preservative chlorphenesin on cytotoxicity, pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
5
|
Liu R, Tang X, Xiong R, Li L, Du X, He L. Simultaneous determination of fourteen β 2-agonist enantiomers in food animal muscles by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1193:123169. [PMID: 35180545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Illegal drug residues in animal derived foods are closely related to human's life and health. Studies on illegal drug residues and the metabolism, such as β2-agonists in animals have attracted more and more attention. In most cases, β2-agonists are suppliedand used astheracemate. The metabolic process and distribution of the two enantiomers in animal tissues are different. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a simple and fast method for chiral resolution of these drugs in animal tissues. In this paper, a reliable resolution and determination method was presented using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for fourteen enantiomers of seven β2-agonist racemates, clenbuterol (CLE), salbutamol (SAL), cimaterol (CIM), terbutaline (TER), clorprenaline (CLO), tulobuterol (TUL), penbuterol (PEN) in pork, beef, and lamb muscle samples. The samples were added the internal standard solution (IS) and extracted in the alkaline medium with acetonitrile. The further sample purification was accomplished through MCX solid phase extraction cartridge. Chromatographic chiral separation was carried out on a VancoShell chiral column (100 mm × 4.6 mm, 2.7 μm) with an isocratic mobile phase consisting of methanol and 10 mmol mL-1 ammonium formate aqueous solution (85:15, v/v). Under the optimized conditions, the resolution (R) of CIM was 2.0, CLE and PEN were 1.5, the others were all greater than 1.0. Enantiomeric determination was performed in the positive electrospray ionization mode using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). The correlation coefficient (r) in the range of 0.2-25.0 μg L-1 was above 0.993. The average recoveries at the three spiking levels ranged from 95.3% to 117.7% with the relative standard deviation (RSD) lower than 15%. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) of β2-agonist enantiomers was 0.2 μg kg-1 and 0.5 μg kg-1 respectively. The method was successfully applied in the analysis and evaluation of β2-agonist enantiomers in positive food animal muscle samples, CLE, SAL, TEB and CIM enantiomers were detected. The concentrations of the corresponding enantiomers were in the range of 1.06-17.3 μg kg-1, the lowest enantiomer fraction (EF) value was 0.42, and the highest value was 0.69. The work is expected to provide a method for chiral separation and enantiomeric determination of the further study of pharmacology, toxicity and residue elimination of β2-agonist enantiomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Liu
- Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Domestic Animal Products (Guangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoling Tang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Renping Xiong
- Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Domestic Animal Products (Guangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lu Li
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoxi Du
- Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Domestic Animal Products (Guangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Limin He
- Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Domestic Animal Products (Guangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Spatial Distribution of (R)-salbutamol in Rat Brain Following Nasal and Intravenous Administration Using DESI-MS. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12010035. [PMID: 31906459 PMCID: PMC7023290 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that β2-Adrenoreceptor is a regulator of the a-synuclein gene driving risk of Parkinson’s disease. The β2-AR agonist (R)-salbutamol, eutomer of rac-salbutamol, may hold therapeutic potential for Parkinson’s disease (PD) following nasal administration. In this study, we use desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) to analyze spatial distribution of (R)-salbutamol in rat brain following nasal and intravenous administration. Here, we report that (R)-salbutamol efficiently deliver to the brain and had more drug dosage exposure in rat’s brain through nasal route administration than that of intravenous route administration. In conclusion, administering (R)-salbutamol through nasal route of administration may hold advantages in improving spatial distribution and increased exposure of drug in brain.
Collapse
|
7
|
Jensen O, Rafehi M, Tzvetkov MV, Brockmöller J. Stereoselective cell uptake of adrenergic agonists and antagonists by organic cation transporters. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 171:113731. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
8
|
Ye F, Liu S, Yang Y, Zhao T, Li S, Zhou T, Tan W. Identification of the major metabolites of (R)-salbutamol in human urine, plasma and feces using ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:3200-3208. [PMID: 31389651 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
(R)-Salbutamol is a selective β2-adrenoreceptor agonist, which produces a short-acting bronchodilator effect and is widely used for the treatment of respiratory diseases in humans. Drug metabolism and identification of the metabolites play an essential role in the evaluation of the overall efficacy and safety of the drugs in clinical practices. There are few reports on the identification of major metabolites of (R)-salbutamol in humans, and the number of identified metabolites is very limited. In this research, a method of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was developed for the discovery and identification of (R)-salbutamol and its major metabolites in human biological samples. Totally, twelve metabolites of (R)-salbutamol were found and identified and all the metabolites could be found in urine, one metabolite in plasma and two metabolites in feces. Among all the metabolites, eight metabolites have never been reported before. The results indicated that (R)-salbutamol was mainly metabolized through isomerization, oxidation, reduction, glucuronidation, and sulfation pathways in vivo. The possible metabolic pathways of (R)-salbutamol were subsequently presented in this study, which contribute to a better understanding of the metabolism of (R)-salbutamol in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengying Ye
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shan Liu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ting Zhao
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Li
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ting Zhou
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wen Tan
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Moreira FX, Carmo H, Melo A, André MB, Silva R, Azevedo Z, Bastos ML, de Pinho PG. The Use of Feathers from Racing Pigeons for Doping Control Purposes. J Anal Toxicol 2018; 43:307-315. [DOI: 10.1093/jat/bky088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando X Moreira
- REQUIMTE/UCIBIO, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal
| | - Helena Carmo
- REQUIMTE/UCIBIO, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, Porto, Portugal
| | - Armindo Melo
- LAQV/REQUIMTE/ Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria B André
- REQUIMTE/UCIBIO, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, Porto, Portugal
| | - Renata Silva
- REQUIMTE/UCIBIO, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, Porto, Portugal
| | - Zélia Azevedo
- ICETA/REQUIMTE/LAQV – Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria L Bastos
- REQUIMTE/UCIBIO, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula G de Pinho
- REQUIMTE/UCIBIO, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lv L, Wang L, Li J, Jiao Y, Gao S, Wang J, Yan H. Enantiomeric separation of seven β-agonists by NACE—Study of chiral selectivity with diacetone-d-mannitol–boric acid complex. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 145:399-405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
11
|
Zhou T, Zeng J, Zhao T, Zhong Q, Yang Y, Tan W. Enantioselective analysis of bambuterol in human plasma using microwave-assisted chiral derivatization coupled with ultra high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:2779-2790. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhou
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
| | - Jing Zeng
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
| | - Ting Zhao
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
| | | | - Yang Yang
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
| | - Wen Tan
- Institute of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center; China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yu J, Li X, Zhou J, Xie X, Chen M, He X, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Zheng A, Mei X, Li Y. Chiral analysis of ammuxetine enantiomers in dog plasma using online SPE/liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection after precolumn chiral derivatization. Chirality 2017; 29:193-201. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jimei Yu
- Department of Pharmacy; Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Beijing China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Pharmacy; Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Jiezhao Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy; Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Beijing China
| | - Xiangyang Xie
- Department of Pharmacy; Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Beijing China
| | - Meiling Chen
- Department of Pharmacy; Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Beijing China
| | - Xinhua He
- Department of Pharmacy; Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Beijing China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmacy; Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Beijing China
| | - Youzhi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy; Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Beijing China
| | - Aiping Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy; Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Beijing China
| | - Xingguo Mei
- Department of Pharmacy; Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Beijing China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Pharmacy; Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang X, Zheng M, Liu J, Qiao Z, Liu W, Feng F. Stereoselective pharmacokinetic study of rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline epimers in rat plasma by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Xenobiotica 2016; 47:479-487. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2016.1203043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China,
| | - Mei Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China,
| | - Jia Liu
- Pharmic Laboratory Animal Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China,
| | - Zhou Qiao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China,
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China,
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China, and
| | - Feng Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Depaolini AR, Fattore E, Cappelli F, Pellegrino R, Castiglioni S, Zuccato E, Fanelli R, Davoli E. Source discrimination of drug residues in wastewater: The case of salbutamol. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1023-1024:62-7. [PMID: 27200473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Analytical methods used for pharmaceuticals and drugs of abuse in sewage play a fundamental role in wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) studies. Here quantitative analysis of drug metabolites in raw wastewaters is used to determine consumption from general population. Its great advantage in public health studies is that it gives objective, real-time data about community use of chemicals, highlighting the relationship between environmental and human health. Within a WBE study on salbutamol use in a large population, we developed a procedure to distinguish human metabolic excretion from external source of contamination, possibly industrial, in wastewaters. Salbutamol is mainly excreted as the sulphate metabolite, which is rapidly hydrolyzed to the parent compound in the environment, so this is currently not detected. When a molecule is either excreted un-metabolized or its metabolites are unstable in the environment, studies can be completed by monitoring the parent compound. In this case it is mandatory to assess whether the drug in wastewater is present because of population use or because of a specific source of contamination, such as industrial manufacturing waste. Because commercial salbutamol mainly occurs as a racemic mixture and is stereoselective in the human metabolism, the enantiomeric relative fraction (EFrel) in wastewater samples should reflect excretion, being unbalanced towards one of two enantiomers, if the drug is of metabolic origin. The procedure described involves chiral analysis of the salbutamol enantiomers by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) and calculation of EFrel, to detect samples where external contamination occurs. Samples were collected daily between October and December 2013 from the Milano Nosedo wastewater treatment plant. Carbamazepine and atenolol were measured in the sewage collector, as "control" drugs. Salbutamol EFrel was highly consistent in all samples during this three-month period, but a limited number of samples had unexpectedly high concentrations where the EFrel was close to that observed of the un-metabolized, commercially available drug, supporting the idea of an external source of contamination, besides human metabolic excretion. Results showed that, when present, non-metabolic daily loads could be evaluated indicating an average of 4.12g/day of salbutamol extra load due to non-metabolic sources. The stereoselectivity in metabolism and enantiomeric ratio analysis appears to be a useful approach in WBE studies to identify different sources of drugs in the environment, when no metabolic products are present at useful analytical levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Re Depaolini
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Fattore
- Environmental Pollutants Risk Assessment Unit, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Cappelli
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Raffaele Pellegrino
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Sara Castiglioni
- Food Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Ettore Zuccato
- Food Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Fanelli
- Environmental Pollutants Risk Assessment Unit, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Holm KMD, Linnet K. Determination of the unbound fraction of R- and S-methadone in human brain. Int J Legal Med 2016; 130:1519-1526. [DOI: 10.1007/s00414-016-1365-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
16
|
Peng M, Li X, Zhang T, Ding Y, Yi Y, Le J, Yang Y, Chen X. Stereoselective pharmacokinetic and metabolism studies of 20(S)- and 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg 3 epimers in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 121:215-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
17
|
Thevis M, Kuuranne T, Walpurgis K, Geyer H, Schänzer W. Annual banned-substance review: analytical approaches in human sports drug testing. Drug Test Anal 2016; 8:7-29. [PMID: 26767774 DOI: 10.1002/dta.1928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of improving anti-doping efforts is predicated on several different pillars, including, amongst others, optimized analytical methods. These commonly result from exploiting most recent developments in analytical instrumentation as well as research data on elite athletes' physiology in general, and pharmacology, metabolism, elimination, and downstream effects of prohibited substances and methods of doping, in particular. The need for frequent and adequate adaptations of sports drug testing procedures has been incessant, largely due to the uninterrupted emergence of new chemical entities but also due to the apparent use of established or even obsolete drugs for reasons other than therapeutic means, such as assumed beneficial effects on endurance, strength, and regeneration capacities. Continuing the series of annual banned-substance reviews, literature concerning human sports drug testing published between October 2014 and September 2015 is summarized and reviewed in reference to the content of the 2015 Prohibited List as issued by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), with particular emphasis on analytical approaches and their contribution to enhanced doping controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Thevis
- Center for Preventive Doping Research, Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany.,European Monitoring Center for Emerging Doping Agents, Cologne/Bonn, Germany
| | - Tiia Kuuranne
- Doping Control Laboratory, United Medix Laboratories, Höyläämötie 14, 00380, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katja Walpurgis
- Center for Preventive Doping Research, Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hans Geyer
- Center for Preventive Doping Research, Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Schänzer
- Center for Preventive Doping Research, Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|