|
1
|
Joseph M, Woldeamanuel Y, Medhin G, Manyazewal T, Fekadu A, Makonnen E. Safety of equine tetanus antitoxin for prophylactic use in Ethiopia: a retrospective multi-center study. Trop Med Health 2023; 51:23. [PMID: 37147727 PMCID: PMC10161570 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-023-00518-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tetanus remains a severe life-threatening infectious disease and neurological disorder in many parts of the world, where immunization programs are suboptimal. Any human injury or trauma has the possibility of getting infected with Clostridium tetani which is the sole causative bacterium of tetanus. Evidence is available that TAT may cause anaphylaxis and late serum sickness, while there has been no study conducted in Ethiopia. The Ethiopian Ministry of Health standard treatment guideline recommends tetanus prophylaxis for all tetanus-prone wounds. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of TAT administration in adults exposed to tetanus-prone wounds in Ethiopia. METHODS The target product of this study was the equine tetanus antitoxin developed and manufactured by the ViNS Bioproducts Limited, India (Code: 130202084, A.W.No: 15/AAW/PI/02.00, DT: 25.04.2016). The product is delivered with the dose of 1000/1500 IU intramuscularly or subcutaneously to individuals at risk of tetanus infection for prophylactic purposes. The study was carried out in 11 healthcare facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, that had a relatively high clients load for tetanus-prone wounds. Medical records of patients with tetanus-prone wounds who received the equine TAT were reviewed retrospectively for any adverse events following immunization according to the World Health Organization (WHO) definition for adverse events following immunization (AEFI). RESULTS There were more than 20,000 patients treated for trauma in the facilities from 2015 to 2019. Upon revision of available registration books, we identified 6000 charts to be eligible for the study, of which 1213 charts that had complete and reliable data on the AEFI profile of the TAT were included in the final analysis. The median age of the study participants was 26 years (IQR = 11 years, age range: 18-91 years) and 78% (949) were male. The tetanus-prone wounds resulted mainly from stab (44%, 535) and blunt force (30%, 362), and the most common sites of wounds were hand (22%, 270) and head (21%, 253). The most and least frequently occurring types of wounds were open wounds (77%, 930) and organ system injury (0.003%, 4), respectively. The mean time of presenting at health facilities from the onset of trauma was 2.96 h. Of the total 1231 participants, one male participant who presented within 3 h after experiencing a wound on his nose at the workplace had a severe local reaction immediately after injection of the TAT. No AEFI was recorded for the other participants. CONCLUSIONS The adverse event following immunization of the equine tetanus antitoxin produced by the ViNS Bioproducts Limited was very rare. A regular review of the product's safety performance and systematic collection and analysis of adverse event reports are important to ensure the safety of the product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Joseph
- Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 9086, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Yimtubeznash Woldeamanuel
- Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 9086, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Girmay Medhin
- Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 9086, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tsegahun Manyazewal
- Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 9086, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abebaw Fekadu
- Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 9086, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Eyasu Makonnen
- Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 9086, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Li F, Huang K, Luo Y, Mei X. Isolation of B-constituent through selective complex coacervation of hordein with ι-carrageenan. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 212:508-516. [PMID: 35623460 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The complex behavior of the crude hordein with ι-carrageenan (Car) as a function of pH (11.0-3.0) and Hordein/Car mass ratios (20:1-1:1, w/w) was studied through zeta potential analysis, turbidimetric titration and SDS-PAGE. By preferential binding with Car, B-hordein was isolated from the crude hordein at pHmax (6.2) and Hordein/Car mass ratio of 15:1, which was further confirmed by LC-MS/MS analysis. The results of zeta potential and size of separated B-hordein and C-hordein suggested that the difference in charge density was the main driving force of selective complexation between hordein and Car. Simultaneously, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy also confirmed the existence of strong electrostatic interaction between B-hordein and Car. Additionally, the more ordered secondary structure of B-hordein at pHmax might be beneficial to its preferential binding with Car. This study further promotes the application of B-hordein in food industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feifan Li
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of P.R., Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of P.R., Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yunbo Luo
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of P.R., Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaohong Mei
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Center of Food Colloids and Delivery of Functionality, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Chiaradia E, Miller I. In slow pace towards the proteome of equine body fluids. J Proteomics 2020; 225:103880. [PMID: 32569818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Equine medicine represents a relevant field of veterinary science and the horse industry generates a significant economic impact. Horses can be involved in different sport disciplines, meat production, work and recreational purposes. Horses are also important for human health as they can be used as animal models for studying human diseases and in equine-assisted therapy. This review summarizes the data related to body fluids such as plasma/serum, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid, saliva, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peritoneal fluid obtained using proteomic analysis. Horse body fluid proteome analysis under various physiological and pathological conditions is a useful method for identifying new biomarkers for horse diseases which are still difficult to diagnose, but with serious consequences on equine health and welfare. The findings reported here reveal that further proteomic studies on equine body fluids collected from diseased animals are required. SIGNIFICANCE: Body fluids are sources of potential protein biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic target identification. Indeed, they contain proteins that play a crucial role in cell functions and whose presence or relative abundance are indicative of the health status of tissues/organs. The review reports the data on the equine body fluids obtained using proteomic analysis, including those which are commonly used to obtain a correct diagnosis and prognosis of horse diseases which still pose a significant challenge. For equine medicine, new biomarkers are needed to formulate early diagnosis and to distinguish among diseases with similar clinical signs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Chiaradia
- Laboratory of proteomics, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, via San Costanzo, 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Ingrid Miller
- Institut für Medizinische Biochemie, Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, Veterinärplatz 1, A-1210 Wien, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Wu F, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Mo R, Yan F, Wang H, Wong G, Chi H, Wang T, Feng N, Gao Y, Xia X, Zhao Y, Yang S. A Chimeric Sudan Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Candidate Produced by a Recombinant Baculovirus System Induces Specific Immune Responses in Mice and Horses. Viruses 2020; 12:v12010064. [PMID: 31947873 PMCID: PMC7019897 DOI: 10.3390/v12010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ebola virus infections lead to severe hemorrhagic fevers in humans and nonhuman primates; and human fatality rates are as high as 67%–90%. Since the Ebola virus was discovered in 1976, the only available treatments have been medical support or the emergency administration of experimental drugs. The absence of licensed vaccines and drugs against the Ebola virus impedes the prevention of viral infection. In this study, we generated recombinant baculoviruses (rBV) expressing the Sudan virus (SUDV) matrix structural protein (VP40) (rBV-VP40-VP40) or the SUDV glycoprotein (GP) (rBV-GP-GP), and SUDV virus-like particles (VLPs) were produced by co-infection of Sf9 cells with rBV-SUDV-VP40 and rBV-SUDV-GP. The expression of SUDV VP40 and GP in SUDV VLPs was demonstrated by IFA and Western blot analysis. Electron microscopy results demonstrated that SUDV VLPs had a filamentous morphology. The immunogenicity of SUDV VLPs produced in insect cells was evaluated by the immunization of mice. The analysis of antibody responses showed that mice vaccinated with SUDV VLPs and the adjuvant Montanide ISA 201 produced SUDV GP-specific IgG antibodies. Sera from SUDV VLP-immunized mice were able to block infection by SUDV GP pseudotyped HIV, indicating that a neutralizing antibody against the SUDV GP protein was produced. Furthermore, the activation of B cells in the group immunized with VLPs mixed with Montanide ISA 201 was significant one week after the primary immunization. Vaccination with the SUDV VLPs markedly increased the frequency of antigen-specific cells secreting type 1 and type 2 cytokines. To study the therapeutic effects of SUDV antibodies, horses were immunized with SUDV VLPs emulsified in Freund’s complete adjuvant or Freund’s incomplete adjuvant. The results showed that horses could produce SUDV GP-specific antibodies and neutralizing antibodies. These results showed that SUDV VLPs demonstrate excellent immunogenicity and represent a promising approach for vaccine development against SUDV infection. Further, these horse anti-SUDV purified immunoglobulins lay a foundation for SUDV therapeutic drug research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Wu
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (F.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.M.); (F.Y.); (H.W.); (H.C.); (T.W.); (N.F.); (Y.G.); (X.X.)
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (F.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.M.); (F.Y.); (H.W.); (H.C.); (T.W.); (N.F.); (Y.G.); (X.X.)
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (F.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.M.); (F.Y.); (H.W.); (H.C.); (T.W.); (N.F.); (Y.G.); (X.X.)
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ruo Mo
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (F.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.M.); (F.Y.); (H.W.); (H.C.); (T.W.); (N.F.); (Y.G.); (X.X.)
- Animal Science and Technology College, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Feihu Yan
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (F.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.M.); (F.Y.); (H.W.); (H.C.); (T.W.); (N.F.); (Y.G.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130000, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hualei Wang
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (F.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.M.); (F.Y.); (H.W.); (H.C.); (T.W.); (N.F.); (Y.G.); (X.X.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Gary Wong
- Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 20031, China;
- Special Pathogens Program, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E3R2, Canada
| | - Hang Chi
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (F.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.M.); (F.Y.); (H.W.); (H.C.); (T.W.); (N.F.); (Y.G.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130000, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Tiecheng Wang
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (F.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.M.); (F.Y.); (H.W.); (H.C.); (T.W.); (N.F.); (Y.G.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130000, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Na Feng
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (F.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.M.); (F.Y.); (H.W.); (H.C.); (T.W.); (N.F.); (Y.G.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130000, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yuwei Gao
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (F.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.M.); (F.Y.); (H.W.); (H.C.); (T.W.); (N.F.); (Y.G.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130000, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xianzhu Xia
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (F.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.M.); (F.Y.); (H.W.); (H.C.); (T.W.); (N.F.); (Y.G.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130000, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yongkun Zhao
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (F.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.M.); (F.Y.); (H.W.); (H.C.); (T.W.); (N.F.); (Y.G.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130000, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (S.Y.)
| | - Songtao Yang
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (F.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.M.); (F.Y.); (H.W.); (H.C.); (T.W.); (N.F.); (Y.G.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130000, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (S.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
5
|
Quintilio W, Kapronezai J, Takata DY, Marcelino JR, Moro AM. Tetanus antitoxin potency assessment by surface plasmon resonance and ToBI test. Biologicals 2019; 62:107-110. [PMID: 31519539 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Potency testing of tetanus antitoxin must be performed in vivo, in a very painful, stressful and prone to high variability assay. It is, therefore, mandatory to find alternatives to this kind of potency assessment. Immunochemical tests as ELISA or ToBI test are already available but usually results in a poor correlation to the in vivo protection. Considering research and development of mono and oligoclonal antibodies against tetanus and the improvement of equine polyclonal antitoxin production and control, we developed an alternative instrumental test for tetanus antitoxin by using surface plasmon resonance. Tetanus antitoxin from hyperimmune equine sera (16 batches) were tested and the results indicated excellent concordance and correlation to the in vivo test (Lin's ρ = 0.9). This innovative approach should now be improved in order to extend it to oligoclonal and monoclonal human antibodies aiming to replace mice for the potency assessment of tetanus antitoxin especially during research and development steps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wagner Quintilio
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals in Animal Cells, Instituto Butantan, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Daniela Yumi Takata
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals in Animal Cells, Instituto Butantan, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Maria Moro
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals in Animal Cells, Instituto Butantan, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|