1
|
Wu T, Yin J, Wu X, Li W, Bie S, Zhao J, Song X, Yu H, Li Z. Discrimination and characterization of volatile organic compounds in Lonicerae Japonicae flos and Lonicerae flos using multivariate statistics combined with headspace gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry and headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2024; 38:e9693. [PMID: 38356085 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of Lonicerae Japonicae flos (LJF) and Lonicera flos (LF) play a pivotal role in determining their sensory characteristics, medicinal properties, and subsequent impact on market pricing and consumer preferences. However, the differences and specificity of these VOCs remain obscure. Hence, it is crucial to conduct a comprehensive characterization of the VOCs in LJF and LF and pinpoint their potential differential VOCs. METHODS In this study, headspace gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC/IMS) and headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC/MS) were employed to comprehensively investigate the compositional characteristics and distinctions in VOCs between LJF and LF. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to identify candidate differential VOCs of LJF and LF samples. RESULTS A total of 54 and 88 VOCs were identified using HS-GC/IMS and HS-SPME-GC/MS analysis, respectively. Primary VOCs detected in LJF include leaf alcohol, (E)-2-hexen-1-ol dimer, 2-octyn-1-ol, and (E)-3-hexen-1-ol. Key VOCs prevalent in LF encompass farnesol, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, and valeric acid. Multivariate statistical analysis indicates that compounds such as phenethyl alcohol and leaf alcohol were selected as potential VOCs for distinguishing between LJF and LF. CONCLUSION This research conducted a comprehensive analysis of the fundamental volatile components in both LJF and LF. It subsequently elucidated the distinctions and specificities within their respective VOC profiles. And this study enables differentiation between LJF and LF through the analysis of VOCs, offering valuable insights for enhancing the quality control of both LJF and LF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiaxin Yin
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinlong Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Songtao Bie
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinbo Song
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Heshui Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang GL, Liu TT, Mao XM, Quan XY, Sui SY, Ma JJ, Sun LX, Li HC, Shao QS, Wang YN. Insights into the volatile flavor and quality profiles of loquat ( Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) during shelf-life via HS-GC-IMS, E-nose, and E-tongue. Food Chem X 2023; 20:100886. [PMID: 38144837 PMCID: PMC10739855 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Loquat fruits are among the most popular Chinese fruits because of their unique taste and aroma. The quality profiles of these fruits during 18 days of shelf-life at 20 °C were elucidated by headspace gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS), E-nose, and E-tongue. During shelf-life period, the properties and variations of 43 (20 aldehydes, 7 esters, 6 ketones, 1 alcohol, and 1 furan) volatile flavored compounds were determined by GC-IMS, which showed that the contents of methyl 3-methyl butanoate, ethyl acetate, and dimethyl ketone gradually decrease with prolonged shelf-life time, while (E)-2-heptenal, heptanal, (E)-2-pentenal, 1-penten-3-one 3-pentanone and 2-pentylfuran increase. The PCA based on the signal intensity of GC-IMS and E-nose, revealed that loquat fruits are well distinguished at different shelf-life times. The taste profile alternates as the storage time increases, along with higher pH, and lower amounts of total soluble solids, vitamin C, and total phenolics. The visual plots of GC-IMS, E-nose, and E-tongue had good consistency, and they characterized the aroma characteristics of loquat fruits well during different shelf-life periods. The findings of this research provide a useful understanding of the flavors of loquat fruits during their prolonged shelf-life, and a potential research basis for advancements in the loquat industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Li Huang
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Laboratory, Suzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Suzhou 215105, China
| | - Tian-Tian Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Mao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Suzhou Chien-Shiung Institute of Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215411, China
| | - Xin-Yao Quan
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Laboratory, Suzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Suzhou 215105, China
| | - Si-Yao Sui
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Laboratory, Suzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Suzhou 215105, China
| | - Jia-Jia Ma
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Laboratory, Suzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Suzhou 215105, China
| | - Ling-Xiang Sun
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Laboratory, Suzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Suzhou 215105, China
| | - Hao-Cong Li
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Laboratory, Suzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Suzhou 215105, China
| | - Qian-Shuo Shao
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Laboratory, Suzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Suzhou 215105, China
| | - Yu-Ning Wang
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Laboratory, Suzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Suzhou 215105, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang M, Yang N, Wu X, Zou T, Zheng J, Zhu H, Zhao C, Wang J. Insight into Nephrotoxicity and Processing Mechanism of Arisaema erubescens (Wall.) Schott by Metabolomics and Network Analysis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:1831-1846. [PMID: 37360574 PMCID: PMC10289099 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s406551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Arisaematis Rhizome (AR) has been used as a damp-drying, phlegm-resolving, wind-expelling, pain-alleviating, and swelling-relieving drug for thousands of years. However, the toxicity limits its clinical applications. Therefore, AR is usually processed (Paozhi in Chinese) prior to clinical use. In this study, the integration of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/ time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and network analysis was adopted to investigate the metabolic shifts induced by AR and explore the processing mechanism. Materials and Methods Extracts of crude and processed AR products (1g/kg) were intragastrically administered to rats once daily for four consecutive weeks. The renal function was evaluated by blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), super oxide dismutase (SOD), the ratio of glutathione/glutathione disulfide (GSH/GSSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and histopathological examination. Furthermore, the chemical composition of AR was clarified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/ time-of-flight mass spectrometry, after which the integration of metabolomics and network analysis was adopted to investigate the metabolic shifts induced by AR and explore the processing mechanism. Results Crude AR caused renal damage by stimulating inflammation and oxidative stress, as confirmed by the increased production of IL-1β, TNF-α and MDA, and decreased levels of SOD, GSH/GSSH and GSH-Px. Processing with ginger juice, alumen and bile juice alleviated the damage to kidney. Metabolomics results showed that a total of 35 potential biomarkers enriched in amino acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, fatty acid-related pathways, etc. were deduced to be responsible for the nephrotoxicity of AR and the toxicity-reducing effect of processing. Conclusion This work provided theoretical and data support for the in-depth study of the processing mechanism, showing that processing reduces AR nephrotoxicity through multiple metabolic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Zou
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huaijun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chongbo Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao X, Feng J, Laghi L, Deng J, Dao X, Tang J, Ji L, Zhu C, Picone G. Characterization of Flavor Profile of "Nanx Wudl" Sour Meat Fermented from Goose and Pork Using Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry (GC-IMS) Combined with Electronic Nose and Tongue. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112194. [PMID: 37297439 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Sour meat is a highly appreciated traditional fermented product, mainly from the Guizhou, Yunnan, and Hunan provinces. The flavor profiles of sour meat from goose and pork were evaluated using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) combined with an electronic nose (E-nose) and tongue (E-tongue). A total of 94 volatile compounds were characterized in fermented sour meat from both pork and goose using GC-IMS. A data-mining protocol based on univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that the source of the raw meat plays a crucial role in the formation of flavor compounds during the fermentation process. In detail, sour meat from pork contained higher levels of hexyl acetate, sotolon, heptyl acetate, butyl propanoate, hexanal, and 2-acetylpyrrole than sour goose meat. In parallel, sour meat from goose showed higher levels of 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one, n-butyl lactate, 2-butanol, (E)-2-nonenal, and decalin than sour pork. In terms of the odor and taste response values obtained by the E-nose and E-tongue, a robust principal component model (RPCA) could effectively differentiate sour meat from the two sources. The present work could provide references to investigate the flavor profiles of traditional sour meat products fermented from different raw meats and offer opportunities for a rapid identification method based on flavor profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jianying Feng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Luca Laghi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Jing Deng
- Cuisine Science Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Tourism University, Chengdu 610100, China
| | - Xiaofang Dao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junni Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lili Ji
- Meat Processing Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Chenglin Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Gianfranco Picone
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhu Y, Wang F, Han J, Zhao Y, Yu M, Ma M, Yu Z. Untargeted and targeted mass spectrometry reveal the effects of theanine on the central and peripheral metabolomics of chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression in juvenile rats. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:73-87. [PMID: 36816539 PMCID: PMC9937789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
l-theanine has been shown to have a therapeutic effect on depression. However, whether l-theanine has an excellent preventive effect on depression in children and adolescents and what its mechanism is have not been well explained. Given the complexity of the pathogenesis of depression, this study investigated the preventive effect and mechanism of l-theanine on depression in juvenile rats by combining serum and hippocampal metabolomic strategies. Behavioral tests, hippocampal tissue sections, and serum and hippocampal biochemical indexes were studied, and the results confirmed the preventive effect of l-theanine. Untargeted reversed-phase liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and targeted hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry were developed to analyze the metabolism changes in the serum and hippocampus to screen for potential biomarkers related to l-theanine treatment. The results suggested that 28 abnormal metabolites in the serum and hippocampus that were considered as potential biomarkers returned to near-normal levels after l-theanine administration. These biomarkers were involved in various metabolic pathways, mainly including amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism. The levels of amino acids and neurotransmitters in the phenylalanine, tryptophan, and glutamic acid pathways were significantly reduced after l-theanine administration compared with chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced rats. In summary, l-theanine had a significant preventive effect on depression and achieved its preventive results on depression by regulating various aspects of the body, such as amino acids, lipids, and inflammation. This research systematically analyzed the mechanism of l-theanine in preventing depression and laid the foundation for applying l-theanine to prevent depression in children and adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanru Zhu
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315100, China
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jiatong Han
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yunli Zhao
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Mingyan Ma
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315100, China
| | - Zhiguo Yu
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fang ZY, Li GZ, Gu Y, Wen C, Ye H, Ma JL, Liang ZY, Yang L, Wu JW, Chen HY. Flavour analysis of different varieties of camellia seed oil and the effect of the refining process on flavour substances. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
7
|
Wu X, Li W, Li C, Yin J, Wu T, Zhang M, Zhu L, Chen H, Zhang X, Bie S, Li F, Song X, Gong X, Yu H, Li Z. Discrimination and characterization of the volatile organic compounds of Acori tatarinowii rhizoma based on headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry and headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
|
8
|
Le Mao I, Da Costa G, Bautista C, De Revel G, Richard T. Application of 1H NMR metabolomics to French sparkling wines. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
9
|
Zhao C, Wei X, Guo J, Ding Y, Luo J, Yang X, Li J, Wan G, Yu J, Shi J. Dose Optimization of Anxiolytic Compounds Group in Valeriana jatamansi Jones and Mechanism Exploration by Integrating Network Pharmacology and Metabolomics Analysis. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12050589. [PMID: 35624976 PMCID: PMC9138999 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12050589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorder impacts the quality of life of the patients. The 95% ethanol extract of rhizomes and roots of Valeriana jatamansi Jones (Zhi zhu xiang, ZZX) has previously been shown to be effective for the treatment of anxiety disorder. In this study, the dose ratio of each component of the anxiolytic compounds group (ACG) in a 95% ethanol extract of ZZX was optimized by a uniform design experiment and mathematical modeling. The anxiolytic effect of ACG was verified by behavioral experiments and biochemical index measurement. Network pharmacology was used to determine potential action targets, as well as predict biological processes and signaling pathways, which were then verified by molecular docking analysis. Metabolomics was then used to screen and analyze metabolites in the rat hippocampus before and after the administration of ZZX-ACG. Finally, the results of metabolomics and network pharmacology were integrated to clarify the anti-anxiety mechanism of the ACG. The optimal dose ratio of ACG in 95% ethanol extract of ZZX was obtained, and our results suggest that ACG may regulate ALB, AKT1, PTGS2, CYP3A4, ESR1, CASP3, CYP2B6, EGFR, SRC, MMP9, IGF1, and MAPK8, as well as the prolactin signaling pathway, estrogen signaling pathway, and arachidonic acid metabolism pathway, thus affecting the brain neurotransmitters and HPA axis hormone levels to play an anxiolytic role, directly or indirectly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengbowen Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China; (C.Z.); (X.W.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.Y.); (J.L.); (G.W.); (J.Y.)
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100007, China
| | - Xiaojia Wei
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China; (C.Z.); (X.W.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.Y.); (J.L.); (G.W.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jianyou Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Yongsheng Ding
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China; (C.Z.); (X.W.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.Y.); (J.L.); (G.W.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jing Luo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China; (C.Z.); (X.W.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.Y.); (J.L.); (G.W.); (J.Y.)
| | - Xue Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China; (C.Z.); (X.W.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.Y.); (J.L.); (G.W.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jiayuan Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China; (C.Z.); (X.W.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.Y.); (J.L.); (G.W.); (J.Y.)
| | - Guohui Wan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China; (C.Z.); (X.W.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.Y.); (J.L.); (G.W.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jiahe Yu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China; (C.Z.); (X.W.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.Y.); (J.L.); (G.W.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jinli Shi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China; (C.Z.); (X.W.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.Y.); (J.L.); (G.W.); (J.Y.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Capitain C, Weller P. Non-Targeted Screening Approaches for Profiling of Volatile Organic Compounds Based on Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectroscopy (GC-IMS) and Machine Learning. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185457. [PMID: 34576928 PMCID: PMC8468721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its high sensitivity and resolving power, gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) is a powerful technique for the separation and sensitive detection of volatile organic compounds. It is a robust and easy-to-handle technique, which has recently gained attention for non-targeted screening (NTS) approaches. In this article, the general working principles of GC-IMS are presented. Next, the workflow for NTS using GC-IMS is described, including data acquisition, data processing and model building, model interpretation and complementary data analysis. A detailed overview of recent studies for NTS using GC-IMS is included, including several examples which have demonstrated GC-IMS to be an effective technique for various classification and quantification tasks. Lastly, a comparison of targeted and non-targeted strategies using GC-IMS are provided, highlighting the potential of GC-IMS in combination with NTS.
Collapse
|
11
|
Baihe Jizihuang Tang Ameliorates Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress-Induced Depression-Like Behavior: Integrating Network Pharmacology and Brain-Gut Axis Evaluation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5554363. [PMID: 34475963 PMCID: PMC8407975 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5554363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Baihe Jizihuang Tang (BHT) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription, which can also be used as a nutritional food with medicinal value. Herein, we aimed to clarify the antidepressive effects and molecular mechanism of BHT. Network pharmacological analysis; chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rat model assessment; behavioral tests; analysis of hippocampal neurotransmitter levels, hippocampal pathological structure, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis; western blot analysis; 16s RNA sequencing; ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC)/mass spectrometry (MS); and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)/ultraviolet (UV) analysis were used. We found 8 potentially active components and 12 targets from the database. KEGG analysis suggested that BHT significantly affected BDNF/tyrosine receptor kinase B levels, glutamate binding, synaptic transmission based on neurotransmitter signal, and the response to glucocorticoid signaling pathways. Consistently, 7 chemical components were identified using UPLC/quadrupole time-of-flight/MS; among them, regalosides A, B, C, and E were unique components of lily of TCM, and their content in BHT was significantly different: regaloside A > B > E > C. BHT could nourish hippocampal neurons, affect neurotransmitter metabolism, reduce HPA axis hyperactivity, improve deficits in hippocampal tissue structure, and change depressive behavior. Moreover, BHT regulated BDNF expression in the hippocampus and improved intestinal flora deficits in CUMS rats by changing the content of Bifidobacterium, Rothia, Glutamicibacter, and Lactobacillus at the genus level. Collectively, BHT attenuated CUMS-induced depression-like behavior by regulating BDNF and intestinal flora disorder through the brain-gut axis. Therefore, including BHT in the medication list may constitute a potential strategy for preventing depression.
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu S, Yu J, Fu M, Wang X, Chang X. Regulatory effects of hawthorn polyphenols on hyperglycemic, inflammatory, insulin resistance responses, and alleviation of aortic injury in type 2 diabetic rats. Food Res Int 2021; 142:110239. [PMID: 33773689 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hawthorn polyphenol extract (HPE) is beneficial for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the mechanism underlying its beneficial effects remains unclear. We investigated the inhibitory effects and mechanisms of HPE on insulin resistance, inflammation, and aortic injury in T2D rats, using metformin (MF) as a positive control. High-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) was used to determine the primary polyphenols in HPE. Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) staining was used to evaluate pathological conditions of the skeletal muscle, liver, and aorta vessels in each group. The levels of serum and intestinal tissue oxidative stress, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and inflammatory interleukin-6 (IL-6) were also assessed. Western blotting was used to evaluate protein expression levels in the associated molecular pathway. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from colon contents were determined using headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility chromatography. Our results showed that supplementation with 300 mg HPE/kg body weight over four weeks significantly improved total cholesterol (TC), total triglyceride (TG), insulin, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in diabetic rats (p < 0.01). The lesions of skeletal muscle, liver, and aorta in diabetic rats were significantly improved. HPE supplementation also significantly downregulated the inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1) in the liver of diabetic rats via the SIRT1/AMPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, HPE significantly reduced insulin resistance in T2D rats by upregulating the phosphorylation of glucose absorption protein (GLUT4) and insulin resistance-associated proteins, p-IRS1, p-AKT, and p-PI3K, in the rat liver (p < 0.01). The findings show that HPE could also alleviate aortic injury by activating SIRT1 and regulating the NF-κB and Wnt2/β-catenin signaling pathways. Overall, the results of this study suggest that both HPE and MF have similar inhibitory effects on T2D in rats and that HPE could be used as a functional food component in the adjuvant treatment of T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suwen Liu
- College of Food Science & Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China.
| | - Jincheng Yu
- College of Food Science & Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
| | - Mengfan Fu
- College of Food Science & Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
| | - Xinfang Wang
- College of Food Science & Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
| | - Xuedong Chang
- College of Food Science & Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China; Hebei (Chengde) Hawthorn Industrial Technology Research Institute, Chengde, Hebei 067000, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang M, Xu J, Yang N, Zhang T, Zhu H, Wang J. Insight Into the Metabolomic Characteristics of Post-Transplant Diabetes Mellitus by the Integrated LC-MS and GC-MS Approach- Preliminary Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:807318. [PMID: 35116008 PMCID: PMC8805207 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.807318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-transplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a common metabolic complication after solid organ transplantation, which not only results in elevated microvascular morbidity, but also seriously impacts graft function and recipient survival. However, its underlying mechanism is not yet fully understood. In this study, an integrated liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) based-metabolomics approach was adopted to dissect the metabolic fluctuations and deduce potential mechanism associated with PTDM. 68 adult liver transplant recipients were recruited and classified as 32 PTDM and 36 non-PTDM subjects. PTDM group and non-PTDM group were well matched in gender, age, BMI, family history of diabetes, alcohol drinking history, ICU length of stay and hepatitis B infection. Peripheral blood samples from these recipients were collected and prepared for instrument analysis. Data acquired from LC-MS and GC-MS demonstrated significant metabolome alterations between PTDM and non-PTDM subjects. A total of 30 differential metabolites (15 from LC-MS, 15 from GC-MS) were screened out. PTDM patients, compared with non-PTDM subjects, were characterized with increased levels of L-leucine, L-phenylalanine, LysoPE (16:0), LysoPE (18:0), LysoPC (18:0), taurocholic acid, glycocholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, tauroursodeoxycholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholic acid, glycoursodeoxycholic acid, etc, and with decreased levels of LysoPC (16:1), LysoPC (18:2), LysoPE (22:6), LysoPC (20:4), etc. Taken collectively, this study demonstrated altered metabolites in patients with PTDM, which would provide support for enhancing mechanism exploration, prediction and treatment of PTDM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Physical and Chemical Department, Nanjing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Na Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianqi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Huaijun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Huaijun Zhu, ; Jing Wang,
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
- *Correspondence: Huaijun Zhu, ; Jing Wang,
| |
Collapse
|