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Liu Y, Lu M, Sun Q, Guo Z, Lin Y, Li S, Huang Y, Li Y, Fu Q. Magnolol attenuates macrophage pyroptosis triggered by Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111922. [PMID: 38522137 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (SEZ) is a zoonotic bacterial pathogen that causes life-threatening infections and various diseases such as meningitis, endocarditis and pneumonia. With the use of antibiotics being severely restricted in the international community, an alternative to antibiotics is urgently needed against bacterial. In the present study, the herbal extract magnolol protected mice against SEZ infection, reflected by increased survival rate and reduced bacterial burden. A pro-inflammatory form of cell death occurred in SEZ-infected macrophage. Magnolol downregulated the expression of pyroptosis-related proteins and reduced the formation of cell membrane pores in infected macrophages to suppress the development of subsequent inflammation. We further demonstrated that magnolol directly suppressed SEZ-induced macrophage pyroptosis, which partially protected macrophages from SEZ infection. Our study revealed that magnolol suppressed inflammation and protected mice against SEZ infection, providing a possible treatment for SEZ infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Meijun Lu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Qian Sun
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Zheng Guo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yongjin Lin
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Shun Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China; Foshan University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yunfei Huang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China; Foshan University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yajuan Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China; Foshan University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Foshan University, Foshan, China.
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China; Foshan University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Foshan University, Foshan, China.
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2
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Polo-Montalvo A, Cicuéndez M, Casarrubios L, Barroca N, da Silva D, Feito MJ, Diez-Orejas R, Serrano MC, Marques PAAP, Portolés MT. Effects of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide nanomaterials on porcine endothelial progenitor cells. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:17173-17183. [PMID: 37853851 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03145d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) have been widely used in the field of tissue regeneration and various biomedical applications. In order to use these nanomaterials in organisms, it is imperative to possess an understanding of their impact on different cell types. Due to the potential of these nanomaterials to enter the bloodstream, interact with the endothelium and accumulate within diverse tissues, it is highly relevant to probe them when in contact with the cellular components of the vascular system. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), involved in blood vessel formation, have great potential for tissue engineering and offer great advantages to study the possible angiogenic effects of biomaterials. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induces angiogenesis and regulates vascular permeability, mainly activating VEGFR2 on endothelial cells. The effects of GO and two types of reduced GO, obtained after vacuum-assisted thermal treatment for 15 min (rGO15) and 30 min (rGO30), on porcine endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) functionality were assessed by analyzing the nanomaterial intracellular uptake, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and VEGFR2 expression by EPCs. The results evidence that short annealing (15 and 30 minutes) at 200 °C of GO resulted in the mitigation of both the increased ROS production and decline in VEGFR2 expression of EPCs upon GO exposure. Interestingly, after 72 hours of exposure to rGO30, VEGFR2 was higher than in the control culture, suggesting an early angiogenic potential of rGO30. The present work reveals that discrete variations in the reduction of GO may significantly affect the response of porcine endothelial progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Polo-Montalvo
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Cicuéndez
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Casarrubios
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040-Madrid, Spain.
| | - Nathalie Barroca
- Centre for Mechanical Technology & Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
- LASI-Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, 4804-533 Guimaräes, Portugal
| | - Daniela da Silva
- Centre for Mechanical Technology & Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
- LASI-Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, 4804-533 Guimaräes, Portugal
| | - María José Feito
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040-Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rosalía Diez-Orejas
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - María Concepción Serrano
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Paula A A P Marques
- Centre for Mechanical Technology & Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
- LASI-Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, 4804-533 Guimaräes, Portugal
| | - María Teresa Portolés
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040-Madrid, Spain.
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, ISCIII, 28040-Madrid, Spain
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3
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Zhao S, Shang A, Guo M, Shen L, Han Y, Huang X. The advances in the regulation of immune microenvironment by Candida albicans and macrophage cross-talk. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1029966. [PMID: 36466634 PMCID: PMC9717684 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1029966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans (C. albicans) is the most common causative agent of invasive fungal infections in hospitals. The body defends against and eliminates C. albicans infection by various mechanisms of immune response, and the latter mechanism of immune evasion is a major challenge in the clinical management of C. albicans infection. The role of macrophages in combating C. albicans infection has only recently been recognized, but the mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This review focuses on the interaction between C. albicans and macrophages (macrophages), which causes the body to generate an immune response or C. albicans immune escape, and then regulates the body's immune microenvironment, to explore the effect of C. albicans virulence resistance vs. macrophage killing and clarify the role and mechanism of C. albicans pathogenesis. In general, a thorough understanding of the molecular principles driving antifungal drug resistance is essential for the development of innovative treatments that can counteract both existing and emerging fungal threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anquan Shang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Mengchen Guo
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangliang Shen
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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4
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Xu G, Guo Z, Liu Y, Yang Y, Lin Y, Li C, Huang Y, Fu Q. Gasdermin D protects against Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus infection through macrophage pyroptosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1005925. [PMID: 36311722 PMCID: PMC9614658 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1005925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (S. zooepidemicus, SEZ) is an essential zoonotic bacterial pathogen that can cause various inflammation, such as meningitis, endocarditis, and pneumonia. Gasdermin D (GSDMD) is involved in cytokine release and cell death, indicating an important role in controlling the microbial infection. This study investigated the protective role of GSDMD in mice infected with SEZ and examined the role of GSDMD in peritoneal macrophages in the infection. GSDMD-deficient mice were more susceptible to intraperitoneal infection with SEZ, and the white pulp structure of the spleen was seriously damaged in GSDMD-deficient mice. Although the increased proportion of macrophages did not depend on GSDMD in both spleen and peritoneal lavage fluid (PLF), deficiency of GSDMD caused the minor release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) during the infection in vivo. In vitro, SEZ infection induced more release of IL-1β, IL-18, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in wild-type macrophages than in GSDMD-deficient macrophages. Finally, we demonstrated that pore formation and pyroptosis of macrophages depended on GSDMD. Our findings highlight the host defense mechanisms of GSDMD against SEZ infection, providing a potential therapeutic target in SEZ infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guobin Xu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Zheng Guo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yuxuan Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yalin Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yongjin Lin
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Chunliu Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yunfei Huang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Foshan University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Foshan University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- *Correspondence: Qiang Fu,
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5
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Diez-Orejas R, Casarrubios L, Feito MJ, Rojo JM, Vallet-Regí M, Arcos D, Portolés MT. Effects of mesoporous SiO 2-CaO nanospheres on the murine peritoneal macrophages/Candidaalbicans interface. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 94:107457. [PMID: 33752172 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles for intracellular drug delivery could reduce the toxicity and side effects of the drug but, the uptake of these nanocarriers could induce adverse effects on cells and tissues after their incorporation. Macrophages play a central role in host defense and are responsible for in vivo nanoparticle trafficking. Assessment of their defense capacity against pathogenic micro-organisms after nanoparticle uptake, is necessary to prevent infections associated with nanoparticle therapies. In this study, the effects of hollow mesoporous SiO2-CaO nanospheres labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC-NanoMBGs) on the function of peritoneal macrophages was assessed by measuring their ability to phagocytize Candidaalbicans expressing a red fluorescent protein. Two macrophage/fungus ratios (MOI1 and MOI5) were used and two experimental strategies were carried out: a) pretreatment of macrophages with FITC-NanoMBGs and subsequent fungal infection; b) competition assays after simultaneous addition of fungus and nanospheres. Macrophage pro-inflammatory phenotype markers (CD80 expression and interleukin 6 secretion) were also evaluated. Significant decreases of CD80+ macrophage percentage and interleukin 6 secretion were observed after 30 min, indicating that the simultaneous incorporation of NanoMBG and fungus favors the macrophage non-inflammatory phenotype. The present study evidences that the uptake of these nanospheres in all the studied conditions does not alter the macrophage function. Moreover, intracellular FITC-NanoMBGs induce a transitory increase of the fungal phagocytosis by macrophages at MOI 1 and after a short time of interaction. In the competition assays, as the intracellular fungus quantity increased, the intracellular FITC-NanoMBG content decreased in a MOI- and time-dependent manner. These results have confirmed that macrophages clearly distinguish between inert material and the live yeast in a dynamic intracellular incorporation. Furthermore, macrophage phagocytosis is a critical determinant to know their functional state and a valuable parameter to study the nanomaterial / macrophages / Candida albicans interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Diez-Orejas
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - L Casarrubios
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M J Feito
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Rojo
- Departamento de Medicina Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Vallet-Regí
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Arcos
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - M T Portolés
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain.
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6
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Cicuéndez M, Casarrubios L, Feito MJ, Madarieta I, Garcia-Urkia N, Murua O, Olalde B, Briz N, Diez-Orejas R, Portolés MT. Effects of Human and Porcine Adipose Extracellular Matrices Decellularized by Enzymatic or Chemical Methods on Macrophage Polarization and Immunocompetence. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083847. [PMID: 33917732 PMCID: PMC8068109 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) obtained from human and porcine adipose tissue (AT) is currently used to prepare regenerative medicine bio-scaffolds. However, the influence of these natural biomaterials on host immune response is not yet deeply understood. Since macrophages play a key role in the inflammation/healing processes due to their high functional plasticity between M1 and M2 phenotypes, the evaluation of their response to decellularized ECM is mandatory. It is also necessary to analyze the immunocompetence of macrophages after contact with decellularized ECM materials to assess their functional role in a possible infection scenario. In this work, we studied the effect of four decellularized adipose matrices (DAMs) obtained from human and porcine AT by enzymatic or chemical methods on macrophage phenotypes and fungal phagocytosis. First, a thorough biochemical characterization of these biomaterials by quantification of remnant DNA, lipids, and proteins was performed, thus indicating the efficiency and reliability of both methods. The proteomic analysis evidenced that some proteins are differentially preserved depending on both the AT origin and the decellularization method employed. After exposure to the four DAMs, specific markers of M1 proinflammatory and M2 anti-inflammatory macrophages were analyzed. Porcine DAMs favor the M2 phenotype, independently of the decellularization method employed. Finally, a sensitive fungal phagocytosis assay allowed us to relate the macrophage phagocytosis capability with specific proteins differentially preserved in certain DAMs. The results obtained in this study highlight the close relationship between the ECM biochemical composition and the macrophage’s functional role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Cicuéndez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.); (L.C.); (M.J.F.)
| | - Laura Casarrubios
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.); (L.C.); (M.J.F.)
| | - María José Feito
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.); (L.C.); (M.J.F.)
| | - Iratxe Madarieta
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), E20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain; (I.M.); (N.G.-U.); (O.M.); (N.B.)
| | - Nerea Garcia-Urkia
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), E20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain; (I.M.); (N.G.-U.); (O.M.); (N.B.)
| | - Olatz Murua
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), E20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain; (I.M.); (N.G.-U.); (O.M.); (N.B.)
| | - Beatriz Olalde
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), E20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain; (I.M.); (N.G.-U.); (O.M.); (N.B.)
- Correspondence: (B.O.); (R.D.-O.); (M.T.P.)
| | - Nerea Briz
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), E20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain; (I.M.); (N.G.-U.); (O.M.); (N.B.)
| | - Rosalía Diez-Orejas
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (B.O.); (R.D.-O.); (M.T.P.)
| | - María Teresa Portolés
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.); (L.C.); (M.J.F.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (B.O.); (R.D.-O.); (M.T.P.)
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Lin H, Song Z, Bianco A. How macrophages respond to two-dimensional materials: a critical overview focusing on toxicity. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2021; 56:333-356. [PMID: 33760696 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2021.1885262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
With wider use of graphene-based materials and other two-dimensional (2 D) materials in various fields, including electronics, composites, biomedicine, etc., 2 D materials can trigger undesired effects at cellular, tissue and organ level. Macrophages can be found in many organs. They are one of the most important cells in the immune system and they are relevant in the study of nanomaterials as they phagocytose them. Nanomaterials have multi-faceted effects on phagocytic immune cells like macrophages, showing signs of inflammation in the form of pro-inflammatory cytokine or reactive oxidation species production, or upregulation of activation markers due to the presence of these foreign bodies. This review is catered to researchers interested in the potential impact and toxicity of 2 D materials, particularly in macrophages, focusing on few-layer graphene, graphene oxide, graphene quantum dots, as well as other promising 2 D materials containing molybdenum, manganese, boron, phosphorus and tungsten. We describe applications relevant to the growing area of 2 D materials research, and the possible risks of ions and molecules used in the production of these promising 2 D materials, or those produced by the degradation and dissolution of 2 D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel Lin
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Zhengmei Song
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, France
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Holopainen M, Impola U, Lehenkari P, Laitinen S, Kerkelä E. Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome Promotes the Immunoregulatory Phenotype and Phagocytosis Activity in Human Macrophages. Cells 2020; 9:cells9092142. [PMID: 32972000 PMCID: PMC7564172 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (hMSCs) show great promise in cell therapy due to their immunomodulatory properties. The overall immunomodulatory response of hMSCs resembles the resolution of inflammation, in which lipid mediators and regulatory macrophages (Mregs) play key roles. We investigated the effect of hMSC cell-cell contact and secretome on macrophages polarized and activated toward Mreg phenotype. Moreover, we studied the effect of supplemented polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs): docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid, the precursors of lipid mediators, on hMSC immunomodulation. Our results show that unlike hMSC cell-cell contact, the hMSC secretome markedly increased the CD206 expression in both Mreg-polarized and Mreg-activated macrophages. Moreover, the secretome enhanced the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 on Mreg-polarized macrophages and Mer receptor tyrosine kinase on Mreg-activated macrophages. Remarkably, these changes were translated into improved Candida albicans phagocytosis activity of macrophages. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the hMSC secretome promotes the immunoregulatory and proresolving phenotype of Mregs. Intriguingly, DHA supplementation to hMSCs resulted in a more potentiated immunomodulation with increased CD163 expression and decreased gene expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2 in Mreg-polarized macrophages. These findings highlight the potential of PUFA supplementations as an easy and safe method to improve the hMSC therapeutic potential.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/immunology
- Arachidonic Acid/pharmacology
- B7-H1 Antigen/genetics
- B7-H1 Antigen/immunology
- Candida albicans/growth & development
- Candida albicans/immunology
- Cell Communication/drug effects
- Cell Communication/immunology
- Cell Polarity/drug effects
- Docosahexaenoic Acids/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Humans
- Immunomodulation/drug effects
- Interleukin-10/genetics
- Interleukin-10/immunology
- Interleukin-23/genetics
- Interleukin-23/immunology
- Macrophage Activation/drug effects
- Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/pharmacology
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/microbiology
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/genetics
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/immunology
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/immunology
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/immunology
- Phagocytosis/drug effects
- Phenotype
- Primary Cell Culture
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/immunology
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Receptors, Immunologic/immunology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology
- c-Mer Tyrosine Kinase/genetics
- c-Mer Tyrosine Kinase/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna Holopainen
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, FI-00310 Helsinki, Finland; (U.I.); (S.L.); (E.K.)
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Correspondence:
| | - Ulla Impola
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, FI-00310 Helsinki, Finland; (U.I.); (S.L.); (E.K.)
| | - Petri Lehenkari
- Department of Anatomy and Surgery, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Oulu and Clinical Research Centre, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Saara Laitinen
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, FI-00310 Helsinki, Finland; (U.I.); (S.L.); (E.K.)
| | - Erja Kerkelä
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, FI-00310 Helsinki, Finland; (U.I.); (S.L.); (E.K.)
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Effects of carboxymethyl chitosan oligosaccharide on regulating immunologic function and inhibiting tumor growth. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 250:116994. [PMID: 33049904 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the effects of carboxymethyl chitosan oligosaccharide (CM-COS) on regulating immunologic function and inhibiting hepatocellular tumor growth were evaluated. Results showed that CM-COS caused dramatic viability loss of hepatocellular carcinoma BEL-7402 with non-toxicity towards normal liver L-02 cells. CM-COS repressed tumor growth of hepatoma-22, and elevated the spleen index and thymus index of tumor-bearing mice. Contents of VEGF and MMP-9 were significantly down-regulated by CM-COS. Histological analyses revealed that CM-COS promoted tumor cell necrosis and produced no significant toxicity to spleen tissues. Moreover, expressions of Caspase-3 in tumor tissues and IL-2 in spleen tissues were significantly activated by CM-COS. Additionally, in vitro cell viability, phagocytic capability and NO production of mouse peritoneal macrophages exposed to CM-COS were significantly higher. CM-COS remarkably increased the in vivo phagocytosing capacity of peritoneal macrophages of Kunming mice. Taken together, our findings suggested that CM-COS might be potentially effective and non-toxic candidate as anti-hepatoma agents.
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Dong D, Chen C, Hou J, Yang K, Fang H, Jiang H, Guo F, Wu X, Chen X. KLF4 upregulation is involved in alternative macrophage activation during secondary
Echinococcus granulosus
infection. Parasite Immunol 2019; 41:e12666. [DOI: 10.1111/pim.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Dong
- Department of Immunology School of Medicine Shihezi University Shihezi, Xinjiang China
| | - Congzhe Chen
- Department of Immunology School of Medicine Shihezi University Shihezi, Xinjiang China
- People's Liberation Army General Hospital Beijing China
| | - Jun Hou
- Department of Immunology School of Medicine Shihezi University Shihezi, Xinjiang China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Immunology School of Medicine Shihezi University Shihezi, Xinjiang China
| | - Hairui Fang
- Department of Immunology School of Medicine Shihezi University Shihezi, Xinjiang China
| | - Hongqun Jiang
- Department of Immunology School of Medicine Shihezi University Shihezi, Xinjiang China
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Immunology School of Medicine Shihezi University Shihezi, Xinjiang China
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- Department of General Surgery First Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Shihezi University Shihezi, Xinjiang China
- Laboratory of Transitional Medicine School of Medicine Shihezi University Shihezi, Xinjiang China
| | - Xueling Chen
- Department of Immunology School of Medicine Shihezi University Shihezi, Xinjiang China
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11
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Characterization of M1 and M2 polarization phenotypes in peritoneal macrophages after treatment with graphene oxide nanosheets. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 176:96-105. [PMID: 30594708 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.12.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages play a key role in nanoparticle removal and are primarily responsible for their uptake and trafficking in vivo. Due to their functional plasticity, macrophages display a spectrum of phenotypes between two extremes indentified as pro-inflammatory M1 and reparative M2 macrophages, characterized by the expression of specific cell surface markers and the secretion of different cytokines. The influence of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets functionalized with poly(ethylene glycol-amine) and labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC-PEG-GO) on polarization of murine peritoneal macrophages towards M1 and M2 phenotypes was evaluated in basal and stimulated conditions by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy through the expression of different cell markers: CD80 and iNOS as M1 markers, and CD206 and CD163 as M2 markers. Although FITC-PEG-GO did not induce M1 or M2 macrophage polarization after 24 and 48 h in basal conditions, this nanomaterial decreased the percentage of M2 reparative macrophages. We have also compared control macrophages with macrophages that have or have not taken up FITC-PEG-GO after treatment with these nanosheets (GO+ and GO- cells, respectively). The CD80 expression diminished in GO+ macrophages after 48 h of GO treatment but the CD206 expression in GO+ population showed higher values than in both GO- population and control macrophages. In the presence of pro-inflammatory stimuli (LPS and IFN-γ), a significant decrease of CD80+ cells was observed after treatment with GO. This nanomaterial also induced significant decreases of CD206+ and CD163+ cells in the presence of reparative stimulus (IL-4). The CD80, iNOS and CD206 expression was lower in both GO- and GO+ cells than in control macrophages. However, higher CD163 expression was obtained in both GO- and GO+ cells in comparison with control macrophages. All these facts suggest that FITC-PEG-GO uptake did not induce the macrophage polarization towards the M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype, promoting the control of the M1/M2 balance with a slight shift towards M2 reparative phenotype involved in tissue repair, ensuring an appropriate immune response to these nanosheets.
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12
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Suh M, Lee DS. Brain Theranostics and Radiotheranostics: Exosomes and Graphenes In Vivo as Novel Brain Theranostics. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2018; 52:407-419. [PMID: 30538772 PMCID: PMC6261865 DOI: 10.1007/s13139-018-0550-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain disease is one of the greatest threats to public health. Brain theranostics is recently taking shape, indicating the treatments of stroke, inflammatory brain disorders, psychiatric diseases, neurodevelopmental disease, and neurodegenerative disease. However, several factors, such as lack of endophenotype classification, blood-brain barrier (BBB), target determination, ignorance of biodistribution after administration, and complex intercellular communication between brain cells, make brain theranostics application difficult, especially when it comes to clinical application. So, a more thorough understanding of each aspect is needed. In this review, we focus on recent studies regarding the role of exosomes in intercellular communication of brain cells, therapeutic effect of graphene quantum dots, transcriptomics/epitranscriptomics approach for target selection, and in vitro/in vivo considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseok Suh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Soo Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
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13
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Serrano MC, Feito MJ, González-Mayorga A, Diez-Orejas R, Matesanz MC, Portolés MT. Response of macrophages and neural cells in contact with reduced graphene oxide microfibers. Biomater Sci 2018; 6:2987-2997. [PMID: 30255874 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm00902c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Graphene-based materials are revealing a great promise for biomedical applications and demonstrating attractiveness for neural repair. In the context of neural tissue damage, the dialogue between neural and immune cells appears critical for driving regeneration, thus making the understanding of their relations pivotal. Herein, the acute response of RAW-264.7 macrophages on nanostructured reduced graphene oxide (rGO) microfibers has been evaluated through the analysis of cell parameters including proliferation, viability, intracellular content of reactive oxygen species, cell cycle, apoptosis, and cell size and complexity. The influence of the direct contact of rGO microfibers on their polarization towards M1 and M2 phenotypes has been studied by analyses of both M1 (CD80) and M2 (CD163) markers and the secretion of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6. Finally, the capability of these rGO microfibers to regulate neural stem cell differentiation has been also evaluated. Findings reveal that rGO microfibers inhibit the proliferation of RAW-264.7 macrophages without affecting their viability and cell cycle profiles. The presence of M1 and M2 macrophages on these microfibers was confirmed after 24 and 48 h, respectively, accompanied by a decrease in TNF-α and an increase in IL-6 cytokine secretion. These rGO microfibers were also able to support the formation of a highly interconnected neural culture composed of both neurons (map2+ cells) and glial cells (vimentin+ cells). These findings encourage further investigation of these microfibers as attractive biomaterials to interact with immune and neural cells, attempting to support wound healing and tissue repair after implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Serrano
- Group of Materials for Health, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049-Madrid, Spain.
| | - M J Feito
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040-Madrid, Spain.
| | - A González-Mayorga
- Laboratory of Interfaces for Neural Repair, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071-Toledo, Spain
| | - R Diez-Orejas
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Matesanz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040-Madrid, Spain.
| | - M T Portolés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040-Madrid, Spain.
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14
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Diez-Orejas R, Feito MJ, Cicuéndez M, Casarrubios L, Rojo JM, Portolés MT. Graphene oxide nanosheets increase Candida albicans killing by pro-inflammatory and reparative peritoneal macrophages. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 171:250-259. [PMID: 30036792 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) is a new nanomaterial with different potential biomedical applications due to its excellent physicochemical properties and ease of surface functionalization. Macrophages play key roles in the control of fungal infections preventing invasive candidiasis by both limiting the growth of the opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans and activating other immune effector cells. In order to know if macrophages maintain their immunocompetence against this microorganism after GO uptake, we have evaluated the interactions at the interface of GO nanosheets, macrophages and Candida albicans. Poly (ethylene glycol-amine)-derivatized GO nanosheets labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC-PEG-GO), were efficiently taken up by peritoneal macrophages inducing a significant increase of C. albicans phagocytosis by both pro-inflammatory macrophages (M1/stimulated with LPS/IFN-γ) and reparative macrophages (M2/stimulated with IL-4). On the other hand, after FITC-PEG-GO treatment and C. albicans infection, the percentages of GO+ macrophages diminished when Candida uptake increased in every condition (macrophages with no stimuli, M1 and M2 macrophages), thus suggesting the exocytosis of this nanomaterial as a dynamic mechanism favoring fungal phagocytosis. For the first time, we have analyzed the effects of PEG-GO nanosheets on Candida albicans killing by unstimulated, M1 and M2 macrophages, evidencing that intracellular GO modulates the macrophage candidacidal activity in a multiplicity of infection (MOI) dependent manner. At MOI 1, the high intracellular GO levels increase the fungicidal activity of basal and stimulated macrophages. At MOI 5, as intracellular GO decreases, the previous pro-inflammatory or reparative stimulus predefines the killing ability of macrophages. In summary, GO treatment enhances classical M1 macrophage activation, important for pathogen eradication, and diminishes alternative activation of M2 macrophages, thus decreasing fungal persistence and avoiding chronic infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalía Diez-Orejas
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María José Feito
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Cicuéndez
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; TEMA-Nanotechnology Research Group, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Laura Casarrubios
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - José María Rojo
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Portolés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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15
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Bai X, He T, Liu Y, Zhang J, Li X, Shi J, Wang K, Han F, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Cai W, Hu D. Acetylation-Dependent Regulation of Notch Signaling in Macrophages by SIRT1 Affects Sepsis Development. Front Immunol 2018; 9:762. [PMID: 29867921 PMCID: PMC5949384 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
SIRT1 is reported to participate in macrophage differentiation and affect sepsis, and Notch signaling is widely reported to influence inflammation and macrophage activation. However, the specific mechanisms through which SIRT1 regulates sepsis and the relationship between SIRT1 and Notch signaling remain poorly elucidated. In this study, we found that SIRT1 levels were decreased in sepsis both in vitro and in vivo and that SIRT1 regulation of Notch signaling affected inflammation. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis, the levels of Notch signaling molecules, including Notch1, Notch2, Hes1, and intracellular domain of Notch (NICD), were increased. However, NICD could be deacetylated by SIRT1, and this led to the suppression of Notch signaling. Notably, in macrophages from myeloid-specific RBP-J-/- mice, in which Notch signaling is inhibited, pro-inflammatory cytokines were expressed at lower levels than in macrophages from wild-type littermates and in RBP-J-/- macrophages, and the NF-κB pathway was also inhibited. Accordingly, in the case of RBP-J-/- mice, LPS-induced inflammation and mortality were lower than in wild-type mice. Our results indicate that SIRT1 inhibits Notch signaling through NICD deacetylation and thus ultimately alleviates sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhi Bai
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ting He
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Julei Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jihong Shi
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kejia Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fu Han
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yijie Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weixia Cai
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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