1
|
Pham QN, Barako MT, Won Y. Grain Crystallinity, Anisotropy, and Boundaries Govern Microscale Hydrodynamic Transport in Semicrystalline Porous Media. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:39-51. [PMID: 38047529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Polycrystallinity is often an unintended consequence of real manufacturing processes used to produce designer porous media with deterministic and periodic architectures. Porous media are widely employed as high-surface conduits for fluid transport; unfortunately, even small concentrations of defects in the long-range order become the dominant impediment to hydrodynamic transport. In this study, we isolate the effects of these defects using a microfluidic analogy to energy transport in atomic polycrystals by directly tracking capillary transport through polycrystalline inverse opals. We reveal─using high-fidelity florescent microscopy─the boundary-limited nature of flow motions, along with nonlinear impedance elements introduced by the presence of "grain boundaries" that are separating the well-ordered "crystalline grains". Coupled crystallinity, anisotropy, and linear defect density contribute to direction-dominated flow characteristics in a discretized manner rather than traditional diffusive-like flow patterns. Separating individual crystal grains' transport properties from polycrystals along with new probabilistic data sets enables demonstrating statistical predictive models. These results provide fundamental insight into transport phenomena in (poly)crystalline porous media beyond the deterministic properties of an idealized unit cell and bridge the gap between engineering models and the ubiquitous imperfections found in manufactured porous materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quang N Pham
- Materials and Manufacturing Technology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Michael T Barako
- NG Next Basic Research Laboratory, Northrop Grumman Corporation, Redondo Beach, California 90278, United States
| | - Yoonjin Won
- Materials and Manufacturing Technology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine 92697, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Urase M, Maejima Y, Watanabe T, Kishikawa K, Fudouzi H, Kohri M. Crack-Free Structural Color Materials Prepared without Disrupting the Particle Arrangement by Controlling the Internal Stress Relaxation and Interactions of the Melanin Particles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023. [PMID: 37300496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In fabricating structural color materials with assembled colloidal particles, there is a trade-off between the internal stresses acting on the particles and the interactions between the particles during solvent volatilization. It is crucial to fabricate crack-free materials that maintain the periodic arrangements of the particles by understanding the mechanism for crack initiation. Here, we focused on the composition and additives of melanin particle dispersions to obtain crack-free structural color materials without disturbing the particle arrangements. The use of a water/ethanol mixture as a dispersant effectively reduced the internal stresses of the particles during solvent evaporation. Furthermore, the addition of low-molecular-weight, low-volatility ionic liquids ensured that the arrangement and interactions of the particles were maintained after solvent volatilization. Optimization of the composition and additives of the dispersion made it possible to achieve crack-free melanin-based structural color materials while maintaining vivid, angular-dependent color tones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mai Urase
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Yui Maejima
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Taku Watanabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Keiki Kishikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fudouzi
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba-Shi, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Michinari Kohri
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu J, Nero M, Jansson K, Willhammar T, Sipponen MH. Photonic crystals with rainbow colors by centrifugation-assisted assembly of colloidal lignin nanoparticles. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3099. [PMID: 37248262 PMCID: PMC10227086 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38819-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Photonic crystals are optical materials that are often fabricated by assembly of particles into periodically arranged structures. However, assembly of lignin nanoparticles has been limited due to lacking methods and incomplete understanding of the interparticle forces and packing mechanisms. Here we show a centrifugation-assisted fabrication of photonic crystals with rainbow structural colors emitted from the structure covering the entire visible spectrum. Our results show that centrifugation is crucial for the formation of lignin photonic crystals, because assembly of lignin nanoparticles without centrifugation assistance leads to the formation of stripe patterns rather than photonic crystals. We further prove that the functions of centrifugation are to classify lignin nanoparticles according to their particle size and produce monodispersed particle layers that display gradient colors from red to violet. The different layers of lignin nanoparticles were assembled in a way that created semi-closed packing structures, which gave rise to coherent scattering. The diameter of the lignin nanoparticles in each color layer is smaller than that predicted by a modified Bragg's equation. In situ optical microscope images provided additional evidence on the importance of dynamic rearrangement of lignin nanoparticles during their assembly into semi-closed packing structures. The preparation of lignin nanoparticles combined with the methodology for their classification and assembly pave the way for sustainable photonic crystals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinrong Liu
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Stockholm University, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mathias Nero
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kjell Jansson
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tom Willhammar
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mika H Sipponen
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Stockholm University, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lee J, Suh Y, Kuciej M, Simadiris P, Barako MT, Won Y. Computer vision-assisted investigation of boiling heat transfer on segmented nanowires with vertical wettability. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:13078-13089. [PMID: 36043910 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02447k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The boiling efficacy is intrinsically tethered to trade-offs between the desire for bubble nucleation and necessity of vapor removal. The solution to these competing demands requires the separation of bubble activity and liquid delivery, often achieved through surface engineering. In this study, we independently engineer bubble nucleation and departure mechanisms through the design of heterogeneous and segmented nanowires with dual wettability with the aim of pushing the limit of structure-enhanced boiling heat transfer performances. The demonstration of separating liquid and vapor pathways outperforms state-of-the-art hierarchical nanowires, in particular, at low heat flux regimes while maintaining equal performances at high heat fluxes. A deep-learning based computer vision framework realized the autonomous curation and extraction of hidden big data along with digitalized bubbles. The combined efforts of materials design, deep learning techniques, and data-driven approach shed light on the mechanistic relationship between vapor/liquid pathways, bubble statistics, and phase change performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonggyu Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Youngjoon Suh
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Max Kuciej
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- NG Next, Northrop Grumman Corporation, Redondo Beach, CA, 90278, USA
| | - Peter Simadiris
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Michael T Barako
- NG Next, Northrop Grumman Corporation, Redondo Beach, CA, 90278, USA
| | - Yoonjin Won
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Suh Y, Lee J, Simadiris P, Yan X, Sett S, Li L, Rabbi KF, Miljkovic N, Won Y. A Deep Learning Perspective on Dropwise Condensation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2101794. [PMID: 34561960 PMCID: PMC8596129 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202101794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Condensation is ubiquitous in nature and industry. Heterogeneous condensation on surfaces is typified by the continuous cycle of droplet nucleation, growth, and departure. Central to the mechanistic understanding of the thermofluidic processes governing condensation is the rapid and high-fidelity extraction of interpretable physical descriptors from the highly transient droplet population. However, extracting quantifiable measures out of dynamic objects with conventional imaging technologies poses a challenge to researchers. Here, an intelligent vision-based framework is demonstrated that unites classical thermofluidic imaging techniques with deep learning to fundamentally address this challenge. The deep learning framework can autonomously harness physical descriptors and quantify thermal performance at extreme spatio-temporal resolutions of 300 nm and 200 ms, respectively. The data-centric analysis conclusively shows that contrary to classical understanding, the overall condensation performance is governed by a key tradeoff between heat transfer rate per individual droplet and droplet population density. The vision-based approach presents a powerful tool for the study of not only phase-change processes but also any nucleation-based process within and beyond the thermal science community through the harnessing of big data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youngjoon Suh
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringUniversity of California, Irvine5200 Engineering HallIrvineCA92617–2700USA
| | - Jonggyu Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringUniversity of California, Irvine5200 Engineering HallIrvineCA92617–2700USA
| | - Peter Simadiris
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringUniversity of California, Irvine5200 Engineering HallIrvineCA92617–2700USA
| | - Xiao Yan
- Department of Mechanical Science and EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL61801USA
| | - Soumyadip Sett
- Department of Mechanical Science and EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL61801USA
| | - Longnan Li
- Department of Mechanical Science and EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL61801USA
| | - Kazi Fazle Rabbi
- Department of Mechanical Science and EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL61801USA
| | - Nenad Miljkovic
- Department of Mechanical Science and EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL61801USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL61801USA
- Materials Research LaboratoryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL61801USA
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI‐12CNER)Kyushu University744 Moto‐oka, Nishi‐kuFukuoka819‐0395Japan
| | - Yoonjin Won
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringUniversity of California, Irvine5200 Engineering HallIrvineCA92617–2700USA
| |
Collapse
|