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Liu Y, Li Z, Gao Y, Wang C, Wang X, Wang X, Xue X, Wang K, Cui W, Gao F, He S, Wu Z, Qi F, Gan J, Wang Y, Zheng W, Yang Y, Chen J, Pan H. Recent Advances in Understanding of the Singlet Oxygen in Energy Storage and Conversion. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311500. [PMID: 38372501 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Singlet oxygen (term symbol 1Δg, hereafter 1O2), a reactive oxygen species, has recently attracted increasing interest in the field of rechargeable batteries and electrocatalysis and photocatalysis. These sustainable energy conversion and storage technologies are of vital significance to replace fossil fuels and promote carbon neutrality and finally tackle the energy crisis and climate change. Herein, the recent progresses of 1O2 for energy storage and conversion is summarized, including physical and chemical properties, formation mechanisms, detection technologies, side reactions in rechargeable batteries and corresponding inhibition strategies, and applications in electrocatalysis and photocatalysis. The formation mechanisms and inhibition strategies of 1O2 in particular aprotic lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) batteries are highlighted, and the applications of 1O2 in photocatalysis and electrocatalysis is also emphasized. Moreover, the confronting challenges and promising directions of 1O2 in energy conversion and storage systems are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Liu
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Zhenglong Li
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Yong Gao
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Chenxing Wang
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Xinqiang Wang
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Xu Xue
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Ke Wang
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Wengang Cui
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Fan Gao
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Shengnan He
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Wu
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Fulai Qi
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Jiantuo Gan
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Yujing Wang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (MOE), TKL of Metal and Molecule-based Material Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yaxiong Yang
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Hongge Pan
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
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Rong X, Han Y, Dai H, Jiang H, Xue Y. Enhancing the efficient degradation of BPS using the BPNS-CdS composite catalyst under visible light. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118690. [PMID: 38485073 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNS), a novel two-dimensional nanomaterial, find extensive applications in the field of photocatalysis. With the prohibition of bisphenol A (BPA), the utilization of bisphenol S (BPS), which is more resistant to degradation than BPA, has been steadily increasing. In this study, few-layer BPNS was prepared using an improved liquid-phase exfoliation method, showcasing its commendable specific surface area and notable adsorption capacity. Subsequently, a new type of nanocomposite material, BPNS-Cadmium sulfide (CdS), was hydrothermal synthesized involving BPNS and CdS. We conducted comparative assessments of BPNS, CdS, and their composite materials to identify the most efficient catalysts. Ultimately, we found that the composite material BPNS-CdS exhibited the highest capability for degrading BPS in an alkaline environment, achieving an impressive degradation rate of 86.9%. Notably, the degradation rate remained higher in an acidic environment compared to a neutral one. Through Electron Spin Resoance (ESR) experiments, it is revealed that BPNS-CdS, when exposed to visible light, generates •O2-, •OH, and h+ as confirmed. Additionally, we tested and validated the carrier separation and migration abilities of BPNS-CdS while also calculating the band gap for each material. Building upon these results, a possible photocatalysis mechanism experiment was proposed. Finally, the degradation products were analyzed using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and put forth a plausible pathway for the BPS degradation, and it was found that 4-Phenolsulfonic acid, Ethyl protocatechuate and Isophthalic acid are the main intermediates of BPS. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the synergy between non-metallic catalysts like BPNS and metal catalysts like CdS. It also offers new insights into the degradation mechanisms and pathways for BPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Rong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Ying Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Petrochemical Safety and Environmental Protection, Changzhou, 213164, China.
| | - Hao Dai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Haixia Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Yingang Xue
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China.
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Dai Y, Feng Z, Zhong K, Tian J, Wu G, Liu Q, Wang Z, Hua Y, Liu J, Xu H, Zhu X. Highly Efficient and Exceptionally Durable Photooxidation Properties on Co 3O 4/g-C 3N 4 Surfaces. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16103879. [PMID: 37241505 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Water pollution is a significant social issue that endangers human health. The technology for the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water can directly utilize solar energy and has a promising future. A novel Co3O4/g-C3N4 type-II heterojunction material was prepared by hydrothermal and calcination strategies and used for the economical photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) in water. Benefitting the development of type-II heterojunction structure, the separation and transfer of photogenerated electrons and holes in 5% Co3O4/g-C3N4 photocatalyst was accelerated, leading to a degradation rate 5.8 times higher than that of pure g-C3N4. The radical capturing experiments and ESR spectra indicated that the main active species are •O2- and h+. This work will provide possible routes for exploring catalysts with potential for photocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelin Dai
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ziyi Feng
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Kang Zhong
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jianfeng Tian
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Guanyu Wu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qing Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhaolong Wang
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yingjie Hua
- The Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage and Energy Conversion of Hainan Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Jinyuan Liu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hui Xu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xingwang Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Du F, Lai Z, Tang H, Wang H, Zhao C. Construction of dual Z-scheme Bi 2WO 6/g-C 3N 4/black phosphorus quantum dots composites for effective bisphenol A degradation. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 124:617-629. [PMID: 36182168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel dual Z-scheme Bi2WO6/g-C3N4/black phosphorus quantum dots (Bi2WO6/g-C3N4/BPQDs) composites were fabricated and utilized towards photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) under visible-light irradiation. Optimizing the content of g-C3N4 and BPQDs in Bi2WO6/g-C3N4/BPQDs composites to a suitable mass ratio can enhance the visible-light harvesting capacity and increase the charge separation efficiency and the transfer rate of excited-state electrons and holes, resulting in much higher photocatalytic activity for BPA degradation (95.6%, at 20 mg/L in 120 min) than that of Bi2WO6 (63.7%), g-C3N4 (25.0%), BPQDs (8.5%), and Bi2WO6/g-C3N4 (79.6%), respectively. Radical trapping experiments indicated that photogenerated holes (h+) and superoxide radicals (•O2-) played crucial roles in photocatalytic BPA degradation. Further, the possible degradation pathway and photocatalytic mechanism was proposed by analyzing the BPA intermediates. This work also demonstrated that the Bi2WO6/g-C3N4/BPQDs as effective photocatalysts was stable and have promising potential to remove environmental contaminants from real water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyou Du
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China.
| | - Zhan Lai
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China
| | - Huiyang Tang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China
| | - Chenxi Zhao
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China.
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Prabhakar Vattikuti SV, Zeng J, Ramaraghavulu R, Shim J, Mauger A, Julien CM. High-Throughput Strategies for the Design, Discovery, and Analysis of Bismuth-Based Photocatalysts. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010663. [PMID: 36614112 PMCID: PMC9820977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bismuth-based nanostructures (BBNs) have attracted extensive research attention due to their tremendous development in the fields of photocatalysis and electro-catalysis. BBNs are considered potential photocatalysts because of their easily tuned electronic properties by changing their chemical composition, surface morphology, crystal structure, and band energies. However, their photocatalytic performance is not satisfactory yet, which limits their use in practical applications. To date, the charge carrier behavior of surface-engineered bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts has been under study to harness abundant solar energy for pollutant degradation and water splitting. Therefore, in this review, photocatalytic concepts and surface engineering for improving charge transport and the separation of available photocatalysts are first introduced. Afterward, the different strategies mainly implemented for the improvement of the photocatalytic activity are considered, including different synthetic approaches, the engineering of nanostructures, the influence of phase structure, and the active species produced from heterojunctions. Photocatalytic enhancement via the surface plasmon resonance effect is also examined and the photocatalytic performance of the bismuth-based photocatalytic mechanism is elucidated and discussed in detail, considering the different semiconductor junctions. Based on recent reports, current challenges and future directions for designing and developing bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts for enhanced photoactivity and stability are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jie Zeng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jaesool Shim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Alain Mauger
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Université, CNRS-UMR 7590, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Christian M. Julien
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Université, CNRS-UMR 7590, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
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Wang Q, Yang G. Unraveling the photocatalytic mechanisms for U(VI) reduction by TiO2. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Construction of novel CdS@CuS/g-C3N4 heterojunctions for efficient visible light-driven photo-Fenton degradation performance. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Bilge S, Sınağ A. TiO2/core-shell structured carbon support materials derived from hydrothermal carbonization of waste masks biomass: A green photocatalyst. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Tong C, Jing L, Xie M, He M, Liu Y, Yuan J, Song Y, Xu Y. C-O band structure modified broad spectral response carbon nitride with enhanced electron density in photocatalytic peroxymonosulfate activation for bisphenol pollutants removal. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 432:128663. [PMID: 35306414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Here, a simple one-step calcination method uses glycolic acid (GA) and urea to synthesize C-O band structure modified carbon nitride with broad spectral response, which is used to construct a peroxymonosulfate/visible light (PMS/vis) system. The solid-state 13C NMR proved that C-O band structure was successfully introduced into the carbon nitride. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation show that the introduction of C-O band structure shortens the band gap of 0.05 g GA modified CN (0.05 GA-CN). Besides, Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) further illustrate that the 0.05 GA-CN has a higher charge density and promotes the degradation of pollutants. In PMS/vis system, 0.05 GA-CN can completely degrade bisphenol A (BPA) within 36 min. In addition, 0.05 GA-CN can also degrade bisphenol E (BPE) and bisphenol F (BPF). The cyclic voltammetry (CV) curve show that the introduction of C-O band structure enhances the activation ability of PMS. At the same time, 0.05 GA-CN/PMS has enhanced the activity of degrading BPA under blue light (450-462 nm), green light (510-520 nm) and red light (610-625 nm). This research provides a new method to synthesize carbon nitride with enhanced electron density for degradation of bisphenol pollutants in PMS/vis system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Tong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Liquan Jing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Meng Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Minqiang He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Junjie Yuan
- School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Yanhua Song
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, PR China.
| | - Yuanguo Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
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Efficient charge separation and improved photocatalytic activity in Type-II & Type-III heterojunction based multiple interfaces in BiOCl 0.5Br 0.5-Q: DFT and Experimental Insight. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 297:134122. [PMID: 35257701 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The nanostructured, inner-coupled Bismuth oxyhalides (BiOX0.5X'0.5; X, X' = Cl, Br, I; X≠X') heterostructures were prepared using Quercetin (Q) as a sensitizer. The present study revealed the tuning of the band properties of as-prepared catalysts. The catalysts were characterized using various characterization techniques for evaluating the superior photocatalytic efficiency and a better understanding of elemental interactions at interfaces formed in the heterojunction. The material (BiOCl0.5Br0.5-Q) reflected higher degradation of MO (about 99.85%) and BPA (98.34%) under visible light irradiation than BiOCl0.5I0.5-Q and BiOBr0.5I0.5-Q. A total of 90.45 percent of total organic carbon in BPA was removed after visible light irradiation on BiOCl0.5Br0.5-Q. The many-fold increase in activity is attributed to the formation of multiple interfaces between halides, conjugated π-electrons and multiple -OH groups of quercetin (Q). The boost in degradation efficiency can be attributed to the higher surface area, 2-D nanostructure, inhibited electron-hole recombination, and appropriate band-gap of the heterostructure. Photo-response of BiOCl0.5Br0.5-Q is higher compared to BiOCl0.5I0.5-Q and BiOBr0.5I0.5-Q, indicating better light absorption properties and charge separation efficiency in BiOCl0.5Br0.5-Q due to band edge position. First-principles Density Functional Theory (DFT) based calculations have also provided an insightful understanding of the interface formation, physical mechanism, and superior photocatalytic performance of BiOCl0.5Br0.5-Q heterostructure over other samples.
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Motamedi M, Yerushalmi L, Haghighat F, Chen Z. Recent developments in photocatalysis of industrial effluents ։ A review and example of phenolic compounds degradation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 296:133688. [PMID: 35074327 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Industrial expansion and increased water consumption have created water scarcity concerns. Meanwhile, conventional wastewater purification methods have failed to degrade recalcitrant pollutants efficiently. The present review paper discusses the recent advances and challenges in photocatalytic processes applied for industrial effluents treatment, with respect to phenolic compounds degradation. Key operational parameters including the catalyst loading, light intensity, initial pollutants concentration, pH, and type and concentrations of oxidants are evaluated and discussed. Compared to the other examined controlling parameters, pH has the highest effect on the photo-oxidation of contaminants by means of the photocatalyst ionization degree and surface charge. Furthermore, major phenolic compounds derived from industrial sources are comprehensively presented and the applicability of photocatalytic processes and the barriers in practical applications, including high energy demand, technical challenges, photocatalyst stability, and recyclability have been explored. The importance of energy consumption and operational costs for realistic large-scale processes are also discussed. Finally, research gaps in this area and the suggested direction for improving degradation efficiencies in industrial applications are presented. In the light of these premises, selective degradation processes in real water matrices such as untreated sewage are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Motamedi
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Laleh Yerushalmi
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Fariborz Haghighat
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, H3G 1M8, Canada.
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Xie F, Guo JF, Wang HT, Chang N. Enhancing visible light photocatalytic activity by transformation of Co3+/Co2+ and formation of oxygen vacancies over rationally Co doped ZnO microspheres. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.128157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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13
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Meng F, Wang J, Tian W, Zhang H, Liu S, Tan X, Wang S. Graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets via acid pretreatments for promoted photocatalysis toward degradation of organic pollutants. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 608:1334-1347. [PMID: 34739993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Acid treatment serves as an effective engineering strategy to modify the structure of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) for enhanced metal-free photocatalysis, while their lacks a comprehensive understanding about the impacts of different acid species and acid treatment approaches on the intrinsic structure and properties of g-C3N4 and structure-activity relationships are ambiguous. Employing inorganic/organic acids including hydrochloric acid (HCl), nitric acid (HNO3), acetic acid (HAc), sulphuric acid (H2SO4), or oxalic acid (H2C2O4) as treatment acids, herein, we compare the impacts of different acid pretreatment approaches on the structure and properties of g-C3N4. Due to different acid-melamine interaction modes and the activation roles of various acids, the obtained g-C3N4 samples exhibit varied structures, physiochemical properties and photocatalytic activities. Compared with bulk graphitic carbon nitride (BCN), g-C3N4 prepared by acid pretreatment show enhanced photocatalytic performance on bisphenol A (BPA) degradation. The photocatalytic degradation rates of BPA by g-C3N4 prepared by HNO3, HAc, H2SO4, H2C2O4, or HCl pretreatment are about 2.2, 2.7, 2.8, 3.2 and 3.8 folds faster than that by BCN. HCl pretreatment proves to be the optimal approach, with the derived g-C3N4 (HTCN) showing more intact heptazine structural units, and increased specific surface area, which promote the exposure of more active sites, accelerate charge transfer, and give rise to a notable improvement in photocatalysis, eventually. Mechanistic investigations through quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) characterization unveil that superoxide ion radical (O2-) and photo-induced holes (h+) worked principally in the photodegradation reaction. This work provides new insights for the rational selection of acid types and treatment methods to synthesize metal-free carbon nitrides with improved activity for photocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanpeng Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Wenjie Tian
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Huayang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Shaomin Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaoyao Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Shaobin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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