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Li X, Qian L, Zhang D, Zhang H, Yang L, Song G, Han J, Li J, Chen Z, Fang P, He C. Highly sulfonated poly ether ether ketone chelated with Cu 2+ as a proton exchange membrane at sub-zero temperatures. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 672:21-31. [PMID: 38824685 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Improving the proton conductivity (σ) of proton exchange membranes at low temperatures is very important for expanding their application areas. Here, sulfonated poly ether ether ketone (SPEEK) membranes were prepared with different sulfonation degrees, and its maximum ion exchange capacity is 3.15 mmol/g for 10 h at 60 °C. Highly sulfonated SPEEK membrane exhibits ultra-high water uptake and excellent proton conductivity of 0.074 S/cm at -25 °C due to its abundant -SO3H. Nevertheless, its high swelling ratio and low mechanical strength are not conducive to the practical application of the membrane. Luckily, by employing the chelation of Cu2+ with -SO3- on the SPEEK chain, Cu2+-coordinated SPEEK membranes were prepared, and they not only retain high -SO3H content but also possess robust mechanical properties and good dimensional stability compared to pristine SPEEK membrane. Meanwhile, the σ of the SPEEK-Cu membrane reaches 0.054 S/cm at -25 °C, and its fuel cell maximum power (Wmax) reaches 0.42 W/cm2 at -10 °C, demonstrating superior low-temperature performance in comparison to other reported materials. Particularly, water states in the prepared membranes are quantified by low-temperature differential scanning calorimetry. Because much more water bound to the plentiful -SO3H and Cu2+ inside the membrane endows it with anti-freezing performance, the decay of the σ and the Wmax for the SPEEK-Cu membrane is retarded at sub-zero temperatures. It is envisioned that composite membranes comprising metal ions such as Cu2+-SPEEK have a high potential for sub-zero fuel cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Solid-State Physics Hubei Province, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Libing Qian
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Solid-State Physics Hubei Province, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Haoliang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Solid-State Physics Hubei Province, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Solid-State Physics Hubei Province, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Guoqing Song
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Solid-State Physics Hubei Province, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jinzhao Han
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Solid-State Physics Hubei Province, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Hydrogen Energy Technologies, School of Materials Science and Hydrogen Energy, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Zhiyuan Chen
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Pengfei Fang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Solid-State Physics Hubei Province, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Chunqing He
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Solid-State Physics Hubei Province, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Liu J, Yan W, Ma Y, Li X, Zhong J, Zheng X, Liu Z. Improving Proton-Conducting Stability by Regulating Pore Size of MOF Materials through Mixed Grinding. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:34240-34253. [PMID: 38914052 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
An effective strategy to improve the proton conductivity of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is to regulate the pore size of composite materials. In this work, composite materials of MOF-808@MOG-808-X (X is the mass ratios of MOF-808 to MOG-808) was successfully prepared by grinding and blending. MOF-808@MOG-808-1:2 was optimal for its suitable pore structure, which facilitates the practical construction of hydrogen bonding networks, promotes rapid and stable proton conduction, and enables the proton conductivity, achieving a 1 + 1 > 2 effect. At 353 K and 93% relative humidity (RH), the maximum proton conductivity of MOF-808@MOG-808-1:2 reaches 1.08 × 10-1 S·cm-1. Next, MOF-808@MOG-808-1:2 was blended with chitosan (CS) to obtain composite proton exchange membranes (PEMs), namely, CS@MOF-808@MOG-808-1:2-Y (Y = 5%, 10%, or 15%) with the maximum proton conductivity reaching 1.19 × 10-2 S·cm-1 at 353 K and 93% RH for CS@MOF-808@MOG-808-1:2-10% with additional stability. The conductive mechanisms of the composite materials were revealed by activation energy calculation. This investigation not only proposes a simple grinding-blending method for the development of MOF-doped composite materials for proton conductivity but also provides a producting material basis for future applications of MOFs in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165 PR China
| | - Wenxuan Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165 PR China
| | - Yingying Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165 PR China
| | - Xinran Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165 PR China
| | - Jiajun Zhong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165 PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165 PR China
| | - Zhe Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165 PR China
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Daliran S, Oveisi AR, Kung CW, Sen U, Dhakshinamoorthy A, Chuang CH, Khajeh M, Erkartal M, Hupp JT. Defect-enabling zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks for energy and environmental remediation applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6244-6294. [PMID: 38743011 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs01057k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
This comprehensive review explores the diverse applications of defective zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks (Zr-MOFs) in energy and environmental remediation. Zr-MOFs have gained significant attention due to their unique properties, and deliberate introduction of defects further enhances their functionality. The review encompasses several areas where defective Zr-MOFs exhibit promise, including environmental remediation, detoxification of chemical warfare agents, photocatalytic energy conversions, and electrochemical applications. Defects play a pivotal role by creating open sites within the framework, facilitating effective adsorption and remediation of pollutants. They also contribute to the catalytic activity of Zr-MOFs, enabling efficient energy conversion processes such as hydrogen production and CO2 reduction. The review underscores the importance of defect manipulation, including control over their distribution and type, to optimize the performance of Zr-MOFs. Through tailored defect engineering and precise selection of functional groups, researchers can enhance the selectivity and efficiency of Zr-MOFs for specific applications. Additionally, pore size manipulation influences the adsorption capacity and transport properties of Zr-MOFs, further expanding their potential in environmental remediation and energy conversion. Defective Zr-MOFs exhibit remarkable stability and synthetic versatility, making them suitable for diverse environmental conditions and allowing for the introduction of missing linkers, cluster defects, or post-synthetic modifications to precisely tailor their properties. Overall, this review highlights the promising prospects of defective Zr-MOFs in addressing energy and environmental challenges, positioning them as versatile tools for sustainable solutions and paving the way for advancements in various sectors toward a cleaner and more sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Daliran
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad 68151-44316, Iran.
| | - Ali Reza Oveisi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zabol, P.O. Box: 98615-538, Zabol, Iran.
| | - Chung-Wei Kung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan City 70101, Taiwan.
| | - Unal Sen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir 26555, Turkey
| | - Amarajothi Dhakshinamoorthy
- Departamento de Quimica, Universitat Politècnica de València, Av. De los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, India
| | - Cheng-Hsun Chuang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan City 70101, Taiwan.
| | - Mostafa Khajeh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zabol, P.O. Box: 98615-538, Zabol, Iran.
| | - Mustafa Erkartal
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Design, Bartin University, Bartin 74110, Turkey
| | - Joseph T Hupp
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
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Gao D, Tang J, Zhang F, Wen C, Feng L, Wan C, Qu F, Liang X. Modulation of defects in metal organic gels to enhance anhydrous proton conduction from subzero to moderate temperature. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 650:19-27. [PMID: 37392496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.06.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Exploitation of solid-state proton-conducting materials with high anhydrous proton conductivity from subzero temperature (<273 K) to moderate temperature (>353 K) is a great challenge. Here, Brönsted acid-dopped zirconium-organic xerogels (Zr/BTC-xerogels) are prepared for anhydrous proton conduction from subzero to moderate temperature. Abundant acid sites and strong H-bonding interactions make the CF3SO3H (TMSA)-introduced xerogel gain high proton conductivity from 9.0 × 10-4 S cm-1 (253 K) to 1.40 × 10-2 S cm-1 (363 K) under anhydrous conditions, which are in the leading level. This provides a new possibility to develop wide-operating-temperature conductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province and Key Laboratory of Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, PR China
| | - Jiyu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province and Key Laboratory of Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, PR China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province and Key Laboratory of Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, PR China.
| | - Chen Wen
- Beijing Spacecrafts, Beijing 100094, PR China
| | - Lei Feng
- Beijing Spacecrafts, Beijing 100094, PR China
| | - Chengan Wan
- Beijing Spacecrafts, Beijing 100094, PR China
| | - Fengyu Qu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province and Key Laboratory of Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, PR China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Liang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, PR China.
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Insights into the Role of Biopolymer-Based Xerogels in Biomedical Applications. Gels 2022; 8:gels8060334. [PMID: 35735678 PMCID: PMC9222565 DOI: 10.3390/gels8060334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Xerogels are advanced, functional, porous materials consisting of ambient, dried, cross-linked polymeric networks. They possess characteristics such as high porosity, great surface area, and an affordable preparation route; they can be prepared from several organic and inorganic precursors for numerous applications. Owing to their desired properties, these materials were found to be suitable for several medical and biomedical applications; the high drug-loading capacity of xerogels and their ability to maintain sustained drug release make them highly desirable for drug delivery applications. As biopolymers and chemical-free materials, they have been also utilized in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to their high biocompatibility, non-immunogenicity, and non-cytotoxicity. Biopolymers have the ability to interact, cross-link, and/or trap several active agents, such as antibiotic or natural antimicrobial substances, which is useful in wound dressing and healing applications, and they can also be used to trap antibodies, enzymes, and cells for biosensing and monitoring applications. This review presents, for the first time, an introduction to biopolymeric xerogels, their fabrication approach, and their properties. We present the biological properties that make these materials suitable for many biomedical applications and discuss the most recent works regarding their applications, including drug delivery, wound healing and dressing, tissue scaffolding, and biosensing.
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