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Brumbaugh J, Aguado BA, Lysaght T, Goldstein LSB. Human fetal tissue is critical for biomedical research. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:2300-2312. [PMID: 37977142 PMCID: PMC10724055 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Human fetal tissue and cells derived from fetal tissue are crucial for biomedical research. Fetal tissues and cells are used to study both normal development and developmental disorders. They are broadly applied in vaccine development and production. Further, research using cells from fetal tissue is instrumental for studying many infectious diseases, including a broad range of viruses. These widespread applications underscore the value of fetal tissue research and reflect an important point: cells derived from fetal tissues have capabilities that cells from other sources do not. In many cases, increased functionality of cells derived from fetal tissues arises from increased proliferative capacity, ability to survive in culture, and developmental potential that is attenuated in adult tissues. This review highlights important, representative applications of fetal tissue for science and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Brumbaugh
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Brian A Aguado
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tamra Lysaght
- Centre for Biomedical Ethics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lawrence S B Goldstein
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Markmann JF, Rickels MR, Eggerman TL, Bridges ND, Lafontant DE, Qidwai J, Foster E, Clarke WR, Kamoun M, Alejandro R, Bellin MD, Chaloner K, Czarniecki CW, Goldstein JS, Hering BJ, Hunsicker LG, Kaufman DB, Korsgren O, Larsen CP, Luo X, Naji A, Oberholzer J, Posselt AM, Ricordi C, Senior PA, Shapiro AMJ, Stock PG, Turgeon NA. Phase 3 trial of human islet-after-kidney transplantation in type 1 diabetes. Am J Transplant 2021; 21:1477-1492. [PMID: 32627352 PMCID: PMC9074710 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Allogeneic islet transplant offers a minimally invasive option for β cell replacement in the treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D). The CIT consortium trial of purified human pancreatic islets (PHPI) in patients with T1D after kidney transplant (CIT06), a National Institutes of Health-sponsored phase 3, prospective, open-label, single-arm pivotal trial of PHPI, was conducted in 24 patients with impaired awareness of hypoglycemia while receiving intensive insulin therapy. PHPI were manufactured using standardized processes. PHPI transplantation was effective with 62.5% of patients achieving the primary endpoint of freedom from severe hypoglycemic events and HbA1c ≤ 6.5% or reduced by ≥ 1 percentage point at 1 year posttransplant. Median HbA1c declined from 8.1% before to 6.0% at 1 year and 6.3% at 2 and 3 years following transplant (P < .001 for all vs baseline), with related improvements in hypoglycemia awareness and glucose variability. The improved metabolic control was associated with better health-related and diabetes-related quality of life. The procedure was safe and kidney allograft function remained stable after 3 years. These results add to evidence establishing allogeneic islet transplant as a safe and effective treatment for patients with T1D and unstable glucose control despite intensive insulin treatment, supporting the indication for PHPI in the post-renal transplant setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- James F. Markmann
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael R. Rickels
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Thomas L. Eggerman
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nancy D. Bridges
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - David E. Lafontant
- Clinical Trials Statistical and Data Management Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Julie Qidwai
- Clinical Trials Statistical and Data Management Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Eric Foster
- Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Parsippany, New Jersey
| | - William R. Clarke
- Clinical Trials Statistical and Data Management Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Malek Kamoun
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rodolfo Alejandro
- Diabetes Research Institute and Clinical Cell Transplant Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Melena D. Bellin
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Kathryn Chaloner
- Clinical Trials Statistical and Data Management Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Christine W. Czarniecki
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Julia S. Goldstein
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bernhard J. Hering
- Schulze Diabetes Institute and Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Lawrence G. Hunsicker
- Clinical Trials Statistical and Data Management Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Dixon B. Kaufman
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Olle Korsgren
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Xunrong Luo
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ali Naji
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - José Oberholzer
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Andrew M. Posselt
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Camillo Ricordi
- Diabetes Research Institute and Clinical Cell Transplant Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Peter A. Senior
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program and Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A. M. James Shapiro
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program and Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Peter G. Stock
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Nicole A. Turgeon
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas
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