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Tu T, Wettengel J, Xia Y, Testoni B, Littlejohn M, Le Bert N, Ebert G, Verrier ER, Tavis JE, Cohen C. Major open questions in the hepatitis B and D field - Proceedings of the inaugural International emerging hepatitis B and hepatitis D researchers workshop. Virology 2024; 595:110089. [PMID: 38640789 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The early and mid-career researchers (EMCRs) of scientific communities represent the forefront of research and the future direction in which a field takes. The opinions of this key demographic are not commonly aggregated to audit fields and precisely demonstrate where challenges lie for the future. To address this, we initiated the inaugural International Emerging Researchers Workshop for the global Hepatitis B and Hepatitis D scientific community (75 individuals). The cohort was split into small discussion groups and the significant problems, challenges, and future directions were assessed. Here, we summarise the outcome of these discussions and outline the future directions suggested by the EMCR community. We show an effective approach to gauging and accumulating the ideas of EMCRs and provide a succinct summary of the significant gaps remaining in the Hepatitis B and Hepatitis D field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Tu
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney at Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia; Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute, The University of Sydney at Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
| | - Jochen Wettengel
- Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA; Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich /Helmholtz Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Infection Research, Munich Partner Site, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Yuchen Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Institute of Medical Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, TaiKang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China; Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan, China
| | - Barbara Testoni
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR-5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France; University of Lyon, Université Claude-Bernard, Lyon, France; Hepatology Institute of Lyon, France
| | - Margaret Littlejohn
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital and Department of Infectious Disease, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nina Le Bert
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Gregor Ebert
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich /Helmholtz Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Eloi R Verrier
- University of Strasbourg, Inserm, Institute for Translational Medicine and Liver Disease, UMR_S1110, Strasbourg, France
| | - John E Tavis
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine and the Saint Louis University Institute for Drug and Biotherapeutic Innovation, Saint Louis, MO, USA
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Prescott NA, Mansisidor A, Bram Y, Biaco T, Rendleman J, Faulkner SC, Lemmon AA, Lim C, Hamard PJ, Koche RP, Risca VI, Schwartz RE, David Y. A nucleosome switch primes Hepatitis B Virus infection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.03.03.531011. [PMID: 38915612 PMCID: PMC11195122 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.03.531011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an incurable global health threat responsible for causing liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. During the genesis of infection, HBV establishes an independent minichromosome consisting of the viral covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) genome and host histones. The viral X gene must be expressed immediately upon infection to induce degradation of the host silencing factor, Smc5/6. However, the relationship between cccDNA chromatinization and X gene transcription remains poorly understood. Establishing a reconstituted viral minichromosome platform, we found that nucleosome occupancy in cccDNA drives X transcription. We corroborated these findings in cells and further showed that the chromatin destabilizing molecule CBL137 inhibits X transcription and HBV infection in hepatocytes. Our results shed light on a long-standing paradox and represent a potential new therapeutic avenue for the treatment of chronic HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A. Prescott
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Andrés Mansisidor
- Laboratory of Genome Architecture and Dynamics, The Rockefeller University; New York, NY 10065, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Yaron Bram
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine; New York, NY 10065, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Tracy Biaco
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine; New York, NY 10065, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Justin Rendleman
- Laboratory of Genome Architecture and Dynamics, The Rockefeller University; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sarah C. Faulkner
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Abigail A. Lemmon
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Christine Lim
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Pierre-Jacques Hamard
- Epigenetics Research Innovation Lab, Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Richard P. Koche
- Epigenetics Research Innovation Lab, Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Viviana I. Risca
- Laboratory of Genome Architecture and Dynamics, The Rockefeller University; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Robert E. Schwartz
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yael David
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Lead Contact
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Pastor F, Charles E, Belmudes L, Chabrolles H, Cescato M, Rivoire M, Burger T, Passot G, Durantel D, Lucifora J, Couté Y, Salvetti A. Deciphering the phospho-signature induced by hepatitis B virus in primary human hepatocytes. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1415449. [PMID: 38841065 PMCID: PMC11150682 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1415449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation is a major post-translation modification (PTM) of proteins which is finely tuned by the activity of several hundred kinases and phosphatases. It controls most if not all cellular pathways including anti-viral responses. Accordingly, viruses often induce important changes in the phosphorylation of host factors that can either promote or counteract viral replication. Among more than 500 kinases constituting the human kinome only few have been described as important for the hepatitis B virus (HBV) infectious cycle, and most of them intervene during early or late infectious steps by phosphorylating the viral Core (HBc) protein. In addition, little is known on the consequences of HBV infection on the activity of cellular kinases. The objective of this study was to investigate the global impact of HBV infection on the cellular phosphorylation landscape early after infection. For this, primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) were challenged or not with HBV, and a mass spectrometry (MS)-based quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis was conducted 2- and 7-days post-infection. The results indicated that while, as expected, HBV infection only minimally modified the cell proteome, significant changes were observed in the phosphorylation state of several host proteins at both time points. Gene enrichment and ontology analyses of up- and down-phosphorylated proteins revealed common and distinct signatures induced by infection. In particular, HBV infection resulted in up-phosphorylation of proteins involved in DNA damage signaling and repair, RNA metabolism, in particular splicing, and cytoplasmic cell-signaling. Down-phosphorylated proteins were mostly involved in cell signaling and communication. Validation studies carried out on selected up-phosphorylated proteins, revealed that HBV infection induced a DNA damage response characterized by the appearance of 53BP1 foci, the inactivation of which by siRNA increased cccDNA levels. In addition, among up-phosphorylated RNA binding proteins (RBPs), SRRM2, a major scaffold of nuclear speckles behaved as an antiviral factor. In accordance with these findings, kinase prediction analysis indicated that HBV infection upregulates the activity of major kinases involved in DNA repair. These results strongly suggest that HBV infection triggers an intrinsic anti-viral response involving DNA repair factors and RBPs that contribute to reduce HBV replication in cell culture models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florentin Pastor
- International Center for Research in Infectiology (CIRI), INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS, Lyon, France
| | - Emilie Charles
- International Center for Research in Infectiology (CIRI), INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS, Lyon, France
| | - Lucid Belmudes
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, UA13 BGE, CEA, CNRS, FR2048, Grenoble, France
| | - Hélène Chabrolles
- International Center for Research in Infectiology (CIRI), INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS, Lyon, France
| | - Marion Cescato
- International Center for Research in Infectiology (CIRI), INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS, Lyon, France
| | | | - Thomas Burger
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, UA13 BGE, CEA, CNRS, FR2048, Grenoble, France
| | - Guillaume Passot
- Service de Chirurgie Générale et Oncologique, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon Et CICLY, EA3738, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - David Durantel
- International Center for Research in Infectiology (CIRI), INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS, Lyon, France
| | - Julie Lucifora
- International Center for Research in Infectiology (CIRI), INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS, Lyon, France
| | - Yohann Couté
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, UA13 BGE, CEA, CNRS, FR2048, Grenoble, France
| | - Anna Salvetti
- International Center for Research in Infectiology (CIRI), INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS, Lyon, France
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Gómez-Moreno A, Ploss A. Mechanisms of Hepatitis B Virus cccDNA and Minichromosome Formation and HBV Gene Transcription. Viruses 2024; 16:609. [PMID: 38675950 PMCID: PMC11054251 DOI: 10.3390/v16040609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the etiologic agent of chronic hepatitis B, which puts at least 300 million patients at risk of developing fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV is a partially double-stranded DNA virus of the Hepadnaviridae family. While HBV was discovered more than 50 years ago, many aspects of its replicative cycle remain incompletely understood. Central to HBV persistence is the formation of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) from the incoming relaxed circular DNA (rcDNA) genome. cccDNA persists as a chromatinized minichromosome and is the major template for HBV gene transcription. Here, we review how cccDNA and the viral minichromosome are formed and how viral gene transcription is regulated and highlight open questions in this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander Ploss
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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Giraud G, Rodà M, Huchon P, Michelet M, Maadadi S, Jutzi D, Montserret R, Ruepp MD, Parent R, Combet C, Zoulim F, Testoni B. G-quadruplexes control hepatitis B virus replication by promoting cccDNA transcription and phase separation in hepatocytes. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:2290-2305. [PMID: 38113270 PMCID: PMC10954475 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad1200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Phase separation regulates fundamental processes in gene expression and is mediated by the local concentration of proteins and nucleic acids, as well as nucleic acid secondary structures such as G-quadruplexes (G4s). These structures play fundamental roles in both host gene expression and in viral replication due to their peculiar localisation in regulatory sequences. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) is an episomal minichromosome whose persistence is at the basis of chronic infection. Identifying the mechanisms controlling its transcriptional activity is indispensable to develop new therapeutic strategies against chronic hepatitis B. The aim of this study was to determine whether G4s are formed in cccDNA and regulate viral replication. Combining biochemistry and functional studies, we demonstrate that cccDNA indeed contains ten G4s structures. Furthermore, mutations disrupting two G4s located in the enhancer I HBV regulatory region altered cccDNA transcription and viral replication. Finally, we showed for the first time that cccDNA undergoes phase separation in a G4-dependent manner to promote its transcription in infected hepatocytes. Altogether, our data give new insight in the transcriptional regulation of the HBV minichromosome that might pave the way for the identification of novel targets to destabilize or silence cccDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Giraud
- INSERM U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, 69003 Lyon, France; Université Claude-Bernard Lyon I, 69003 Lyon, France
- Hepatology Institute of Lyon, 69004 Lyon, France
| | - Mélanie Rodà
- INSERM U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, 69003 Lyon, France; Université Claude-Bernard Lyon I, 69003 Lyon, France
- Hepatology Institute of Lyon, 69004 Lyon, France
| | - Pélagie Huchon
- INSERM U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, 69003 Lyon, France; Université Claude-Bernard Lyon I, 69003 Lyon, France
- Hepatology Institute of Lyon, 69004 Lyon, France
- Université Claude-Bernard Lyon I, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Maud Michelet
- INSERM U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, 69003 Lyon, France; Université Claude-Bernard Lyon I, 69003 Lyon, France
- Hepatology Institute of Lyon, 69004 Lyon, France
| | - Sarah Maadadi
- INSERM U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, 69003 lyon, france; université claude-bernard lyon i, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Daniel Jutzi
- United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, WC2R 2LS London, UK
| | - Roland Montserret
- Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry (MMSB) UMR 5086 CNRS/Université de Lyon, Labex Ecofect, 7 Passage du Vercors 69367Lyon, France
| | - Marc-David Ruepp
- United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, WC2R 2LS London, UK
| | - Romain Parent
- INSERM U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, 69003 Lyon, France; Université Claude-Bernard Lyon I, 69003 Lyon, France
- Hepatology Institute of Lyon, 69004 Lyon, France
| | - Christophe Combet
- INSERM U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, 69003 Lyon, France; Université Claude-Bernard Lyon I, 69003 Lyon, France
- Hepatology Institute of Lyon, 69004 Lyon, France
| | - Fabien Zoulim
- INSERM U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, 69003 Lyon, France; Université Claude-Bernard Lyon I, 69003 Lyon, France
- Hepatology Institute of Lyon, 69004 Lyon, France
- Université Claude-Bernard Lyon I, 69003 Lyon, France
- Hepatology Service, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69004 Lyon, France
| | - Barbara Testoni
- INSERM U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, 69003 Lyon, France; Université Claude-Bernard Lyon I, 69003 Lyon, France
- Hepatology Institute of Lyon, 69004 Lyon, France
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Testoni B, Ploss A. Cracking the host functional network involved in hepatitis B virus cccDNA biology. Gut 2023; 72:1637-1639. [PMID: 36707232 PMCID: PMC10372188 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-329185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Testoni
- INSERM U1052, Centre de recherche en Cancerologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Alexander Ploss
- Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
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7
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Villeret F, Lebossé F, Radenne S, Samuel D, Roche B, Mabrut JY, Leroy V, Pageaux GP, Anty R, Thevenon S, Ahmed SS, Hamilton A, Heil M, Scholtès C, Levrero M, Testoni B, Zoulim F. Early intrahepatic recurrence of HBV infection in liver transplant recipients despite antiviral prophylaxis. JHEP Rep 2023; 5:100728. [PMID: 37122357 PMCID: PMC10131114 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Prophylaxis with nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs) and hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) has decreased the rate of HBV recurrence after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT), but the duration of this prophylaxis remains debated. Our aim was to investigate the recurrence of both intrahepatic and serum HBV markers after OLT in patients receiving long-term NUC and HBIG prophylaxis. Methods A total of 31 HBV-positive patients benefiting from OLT were prospectively enrolled in five French centres between 2012 and 2015. Tissue samples from the native liver, liver reperfusion biopsy, and 12-month post-OLT (M12) biopsy were collected. Intrahepatic HBV markers were quantified using Droplet Digital PCR. Serum hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) and HBsAg were quantified using the Lumipulse platform. Results Among the 31 patients, 26 were HBeAg negative and 28 had undetectable serum HBV DNA at OLT. All patients received HBIG and NUC after OLT, and serum HBV DNA was undetectable at M12. Of the 27 available native livers, 26 had detectable total HBV DNA (median, 0.045 copies/cell), 21 were positive for cccDNA (0.001 copies/cell), and 19 were positive for 3.5-kb HBV RNA (0.0004 copies/cell). Among the 14 sequential reperfusion and M12 biopsies, seven were positive for HBV markers on the reperfusion sampling, and six of them were also positive at M12. Of the 27 patients with available serum samples at M12, eight were positive for HBcrAg and five were positive for HBsAg by ultrasensitive quantification, although they were negative by conventional techniques. Overall, among the 17 patients having a matched biopsy and serum sample at M12, only one had undetectable HBV markers in both the liver and serum. Conclusions Our results demonstrate a very early detection of viral genome in the graft and intrahepatic viral recurrence despite NUC and HBIG prophylaxis. Clinical Trials Registration This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02602847). Impact and Implications In this work, we show that, despite the recommended prophylaxis based on NUC and HBIG, HBV can infect the new liver very rapidly after transplantation. Twelve months after transplantation, the majority of patients had at least one HBV marker detected in either serum or the liver. Therefore, our results demonstrate early intrahepatic viral recurrence despite NUC and HBIG therapy and underline the importance of an optimal patient compliance to the antiviral prophylaxis to prevent viral rebound.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Villeret
- Service d’Hépatologie, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Fanny Lebossé
- Service d’Hépatologie, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Sylvie Radenne
- Service d’Hépatologie, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Didier Samuel
- Centre Hépato-Biliaire, Université Paris-Saclay, Unité Inserm 1193, Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Villejuif, France
| | - Bruno Roche
- Centre Hépato-Biliaire, Université Paris-Saclay, Unité Inserm 1193, Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Villejuif, France
| | - Jean-Yves Mabrut
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Service de Chirurgie Générale et Transplantation Hépatique, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Vincent Leroy
- Service d’Hépato-gastro-entérologie, Hôpital Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Rodolphe Anty
- Université Côte d’Azur, pôle digestif CHU de Nice, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | - Sylvie Thevenon
- Centre de Recherche Clinique, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Sinafa Si Ahmed
- Service d’Hépatologie, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Caroline Scholtès
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Service de Virologie, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Massimo Levrero
- Service d’Hépatologie, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Barbara Testoni
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Corresponding authors. Address: INSERM U1052, 151, Cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France. Tel.: +33-4-72-68-19-70; Fax: +33-4-72-68-19-71.
| | - Fabien Zoulim
- Service d’Hépatologie, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Corresponding authors. Address: INSERM U1052, 151, Cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France. Tel.: +33-4-72-68-19-70; Fax: +33-4-72-68-19-71.
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8
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Zoulim F, Testoni B. Eliminating cccDNA to cure hepatitis B virus infection. J Hepatol 2023; 78:677-680. [PMID: 36717025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Zoulim
- INSERM Unit 1052, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, France; Hepatology Institute of Lyon, France.
| | - Barbara Testoni
- INSERM Unit 1052, France; Hepatology Institute of Lyon, France
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9
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Martinez MG, Smekalova E, Combe E, Gregoire F, Zoulim F, Testoni B. Gene Editing Technologies to Target HBV cccDNA. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122654. [PMID: 36560658 PMCID: PMC9787400 DOI: 10.3390/v14122654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a significant cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, since chronic HBV infection is associated with elevated risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Current licensed therapies against HBV efficiently suppress viral replication; however, they do not have significant effects on the intrahepatic covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) of the viral minichromosome responsible for viral persistence. Thus, life-long treatment is required to avoid viral rebound. There is a significant need for novel therapies that can reduce, silence or eradicate cccDNA, thus preventing HBV reemergence after treatment withdrawal. In this review, we discuss the latest developments and applications of gene editing and related approaches for directly targeting HBV DNA and, more specifically, cccDNA in infected hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emmanuel Combe
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR-5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL), 69008 Lyon, France
| | | | - Fabien Zoulim
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR-5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL), 69008 Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), 69002 Lyon, France
- Université Claude-Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL1), 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Barbara Testoni
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR-5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL), 69008 Lyon, France
- Université Claude-Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL1), 69008 Lyon, France
- Correspondence:
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10
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Cheng X, Xia Y. HIRA in Hepatitis B Virus Minichromosome Regulation: Another Piece of the Puzzle. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 14:718-719. [PMID: 35691338 PMCID: PMC9421579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Institute of Medical Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Wuhan University Center for Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases Wuhan, China
| | - Yuchen Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Institute of Medical Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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