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Sabandal MMI, Schäfer E, Petsching S, Jung S, Kleinheinz J, Sielker S. Pleiotropic effects on proliferation and mineralization of primary human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells induced by simvastatin. Open Biol 2022; 12:210337. [PMID: 35673853 PMCID: PMC9174717 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.210337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The circulating low-density lipoprotein concentration in blood can be reduced by the administration of statins. Frequently simvastatin (SV) is prescribed. Due to the reported pleiotropic effects of SV the aim of this study was to evaluate mineralization effects on human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells upon administration of SV. After informed consent human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells were obtained from tissue surplus of regular treatments of 14 individuals. According to established protocols after adding various SV concentrations (0.01 µM, 0.1 µM, 1.0 µM, 2.0 µM), alkaline phosphate (osteoblastic marker), mineralization capability and viability were determined at day 18, 21 and 28. The Kruskal-Wallis test was performed for statistical analysis. After adding SV a dose-dependent significant decreased viability and levels of alkaline phosphatase (p < 0.01) and a significantly increased mineralization (p < 0.01) of the primary cultures was recognized during the late mineralization stage. Mineralization of the human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells was induced by SV, possibly originated from alternative pathways than the alkaline phosphatase pathway. Further investigations should be performed regarding switching into the osteoblastic differentiation and as a possible source of cells that can be used as the basis for a potential bone graft substitute, which may allow an extension of the field of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Mariano Isabelo Sabandal
- Central Interdisciplinary Ambulance in the School of Dentistry, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude W30, Waldeyerstr. 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Edgar Schäfer
- Central Interdisciplinary Ambulance in the School of Dentistry, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude W30, Waldeyerstr. 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Simon Petsching
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Susanne Jung
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Kleinheinz
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sonja Sielker
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
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2
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Wang L, Wang X, Liang R, Wang S, Cao J. A Comparison of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Adipose Tissues by Resection and by Liposuction. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2022. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.31.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Le Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University
| | - Xingqiang Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University
| | - Rui Liang
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University
| | - Shusen Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University
| | - Jinglin Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University
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3
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Shadmani A, Razmkhah M, Jalalpoor MH, Lari SY, Eghtedari M. Autologous Activated Omental versus Allogeneic Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Corneal Alkaline Injury: An Experimental Study. J Curr Ophthalmol 2021; 33:136-142. [PMID: 34409223 PMCID: PMC8365576 DOI: 10.4103/joco.joco_246_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To compare the effects of two types of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), activated omental cells (AOCs), and adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in the healing process of animal model of ocular surface alkali injury. Methods: An alkaline burn was induced on the ocular surfaces of eighteen rats divided randomly into three groups. The first and second groups received subconjunctival AOCs and ADSCs, respectively. The control group received normal saline subconjunctival injection. On the 90th day after the injury, the eyes were examined using slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Corneal neovascularization and scarring were graded in a masked fashion. Histological evaluation of the corneal scar was performed, and the number of inflammatory cells was evaluated. Results: Corneal neovascularization scores revealed higher neovascularization in the control (0.49 ± 0.12) than the AOC (0.80 ± 0.20, P = 0.01) and ADSC groups (0.84 ± 0.24, P = 0.007). There were no statistically significant differences between the neovascularization score of the AOC and ADSC groups (P > 0.05). According to histologic evaluation, stromal infiltration was significantly more in the control group compared to AOC and ADSC groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our results suggest that MSCs, even with different sources, can be used to promote wound healing after corneal chemical burns. However, the ease of harvesting ADSC from more superficial fat sources makes this method more clinically applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athar Shadmani
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Razmkhah
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | - Masoomeh Eghtedari
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Ophthalmology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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4
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Andjelkov K, Conde-Green A, Mosahebi A. Smoking and Physical Activity Significantly Influence Stromal Vascular Fraction Cell Yield and Viability. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2021; 45:315-321. [PMID: 33083844 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-020-02008-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subcutaneous tissue is an abundant source of adipose-derived regenerative cells. It is readily available and easy to extract by means of liposuction, making it one of the most popular sources for tissue engineering and regenerative medical applications. METHODS The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cell yield and viability of the lipoaspirate obtained from 43 patients undergoing elective liposuction were examined in correlation with their age, gender, body mass index, smoking status, and physical activity. The lipoaspirate was processed with the Celution® 800/CRS system to isolate the SVF and a few drops of the obtained pellet were used for cell counting with NecleoCounter® NC-100TM. RESULTS Twenty-eight (65.1%) were men and 15 (34.9%) were women with an average age of 40.7 ± 10.4 years (women) and 38.9 ± 11.8 years (men). Viable SVF cells/g fat was significantly correlated with smoking level (negative correlation, ρ= - 0.312, P < 0.05) and with marginal significance with female gender. Cell viability showed a significant negative correlation with physical activity level (ρ = - 0.432, P < 0.01); borderline significance for correlation of this parameter with smoking level should not be neglected. Other parameters did not influence the cell yield nor the viability of the stromal vascular fraction. CONCLUSION Many factors may influence SVF cell yield and viability. Our findings indicate that age and smoking significantly influenced SVF cell yield, age positively while smoking negatively. Increased physical activity had a negative correlation with SVF cell viability. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Andjelkov
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, BelPrime Clinic, 16 Brane Crncevica, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
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5
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Shah S, Mudigonda S, Mitha AP, Salo P, Krawetz RJ. Epidural fat mesenchymal stem cells: Important microenvironmental regulators in health, disease, and regeneration: Do EF-MSCs play a role in dural homeostasis/maintenance? Bioessays 2020; 43:e2000215. [PMID: 33191529 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are present in fat tissues throughout the body, yet little is known regarding their biological role within epidural fat. We hypothesize that debridement of epidural fat and/or subsequent loss of MSCs within this tissue, disrupts homeostasis in the vertebral environment resulting in increased inflammation, fibrosis, and decreased neovascularization leading to poorer functional outcomes post-injury/operatively. Clinically, epidural fat is commonly considered a space-filling tissue with limited functionality and therefore typically discarded during surgery. However, the presence of MSCs within epidural fat suggests that itis more biologically active than historically believed and may contribute to the regulation of homeostasis and regeneration in the dural environment. While the current literature supports our hypothesis, it will require additional experimentation to determine if epidural fat is an endogenous driver of repair and regeneration and if so, this tissue should be minimally perturbed from its original location in the spinal canal. Also see the video abstract here https://youtu.be/MIol_IWK1os.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Shah
- McCaig institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sathvika Mudigonda
- McCaig institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alim P Mitha
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul Salo
- McCaig institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Roman J Krawetz
- McCaig institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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6
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Jung S, Bohner L, Hanisch M, Kleinheinz J, Sielker S. Influence of Implant Material and Surface on Mode and Strength of Cell/Matrix Attachment of Human Adipose Derived Stromal Cell. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114110. [PMID: 32526920 PMCID: PMC7312959 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A fundamental step for cell growth and differentiation is the cell adhesion. The purpose of this study was to determine the adhesion of different cell lineages, adipose derived stromal cells, osteoblasts, and gingival fibroblast to titanium and zirconia dental implants with different surface treatments. Primary cells were cultured on smooth/polished surfaces (titanium with a smooth surface texture (Ti-PT) and machined zirconia (ZrO2-M)) and on rough surfaces (titanium with a rough surface texture (Ti-SLA) and zirconia material (ZrO2-ZLA)). Alterations in cell morphology (f-actin staining and SEM) and in expression of the focal adhesion marker were analysed after 1, 7, and 14 days. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA with a statistical significance at p = 0.05. Cell morphology and cytoskeleton were strongly affected by surface texture. Actin beta and vimentin expressions were higher on rough surfaces (p < 0.01). Vinculin and FAK expressions were significant (p < 0.05) and increased over time. Fibronectin and laminin expressions were significant (p < 0.01) and did not alter over time. Strength of cell/material binding is influenced by surface structure and not by material. Meanwhile, the kind of cell/material binding is regulated by cell type and implant material.
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7
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Zhang J, Liu Y, Yin W, Hu X. Adipose-derived stromal cells in regulation of hematopoiesis. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2020; 25:16. [PMID: 32161623 PMCID: PMC7059705 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-020-00209-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) found in the bone marrow microenvironment have been considered to be important candidates in cellular therapy. However, the application of MSCs in clinical settings is limited by the difficulty and low efficiency associated with the separation of MSCs from the bone marrow. Therefore, distinct sources of MSCs have been extensively explored. Adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs), a cell line similar to MSCs, have been identified as a promising source. ASCs have become increasingly popular in many fields, as they can be conveniently extracted from fat tissue. This review focuses on the properties of ASCs in hematopoietic regulation and the underlying mechanisms, as well as the current applications and future perspectives in ASC-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- 1Department of Transfusion Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, 710032 China
| | - Yunsheng Liu
- 2Department of Rocket Force Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Wen Yin
- 1Department of Transfusion Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, 710032 China
| | - Xingbin Hu
- 1Department of Transfusion Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, 710032 China
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8
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Arnhold S, Elashry MI, Klymiuk MC, Geburek F. Investigation of stemness and multipotency of equine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) from different fat sources in comparison with lipoma. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:309. [PMID: 31640774 PMCID: PMC6805636 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1429-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) offer a promising cell source for therapeutic applications in musculoskeletal disorders. The appropriate selection of ASCs from various fat depots for cell-based therapy is challenging. The present study aims to compare stemness and multipotency of ASCs derived from retroperitoneal (RP), subcutaneous (SC), and lipoma (LP) fat to assess their usefulness for clinical application. METHODS Equine ASCs from the three fat tissue sources were isolated and characterized. The cell viability, proliferation, and self-renewal were evaluated using MTT, sulforhodamine B, and colony forming unit (CFU) assays. Stem cell relative marker CD44, CD90, and CD105 and tumor marker CA9 and osteopontin (OPN) expression were quantified using RT-qPCR. Multipotency of ASCs for adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation was examined by quantifying Oil Red O and Alizarin Red S staining, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), and expression of differentiation relative markers. All data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA. RESULTS RP fat-derived ASCs showed a higher cell proliferation rate compared to SC and LP derived cells. In contrast, ASCs from lipoma displayed a lower proliferation rate and impaired CFU capacities. The expression of CD44, CD90, and CD105 was upregulated in RP and SC derived cells but not in LP cells. RP fat-derived cells displayed a higher adipogenic potential compared to SC and LP cells. Although ASCs from all fat sources showed enhanced ALP activity following osteogenic differentiation, SC fat-derived cells revealed upregulated ALP and bone morphogenetic protein-2 expression together with a higher calcium deposition. We found an enhanced chondrogenic potency of RP and SC fat-derived cells as shown by Alcian blue staining and upregulation of aggrecan (Aggre), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein precursor (COMP), and collagen 2a1 (Col2a1) expression compared to LP. The expression of OPN and CA9 was exclusively upregulated in the ASCs of LP. CONCLUSIONS The results provide evidence of variation in ASC performance not only between normal fat depots but also compared to LP cells which suggest a different molecular regulation controlling the cell fate. These data provided are useful when considering a source for cell replacement therapy in equine veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Arnhold
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Mohamed I. Elashry
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, 35516 Egypt
| | - Michele C. Klymiuk
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Florian Geburek
- Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
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9
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Plasticity of patient-matched normal mammary epithelial cells is dependent on autologous adipose-derived stem cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10722. [PMID: 31341222 PMCID: PMC6656715 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing clinical application of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC), e.g. lipotransfer for breast reconstruction, this study aimed to gain novel insights regarding ADSC influence on breast tissue remodeling and determine patient-dependent factors affecting lipotransfer as well as begin to address its oncological risks. The ADSC secretome was analyzed from five normal breast reduction patients and contained elevated levels of growth factors, cytokines and proteins mediating invasion. ADSC/ADSC secretomes were tested for their influence on the function of primary mammary epithelial cells, and tumor epithelial cells using cell culture assays. ADSC/ADSC secretomes significantly stimulated proliferation, transmigration and 3D-invasion of primary normal and tumor epithelial cells. IL-6 significantly induced an EMT and invasion. The ADSC secretome significantly upregulated normal epithelial cell gene expression including MMPs and ECM receptors. Our study supports that ADSC and its secretome promote favorable conditions for normal breast tissue remodeling by changing the microenvironment. and may also be important regarding residual breast cancer cells following surgery.
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10
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Jung S, Bohner L, Hanisch M, Kleinheinz J, Sielker S. Influence of Implant Material and Surface on Differentiation and Proliferation of Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124033. [PMID: 30551618 PMCID: PMC6321152 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
For the guided regeneration of periimplant hard and soft tissues, human adipose-derived stromal cells (hADSC) seem to be a promising source for mesenchymal stromal cells. For this, the proliferation and differentiation of hADSC were evaluated on titanium and zirconia dental implants with different surface treatments. Results were compared to edaphic cells as human osteoblasts (hOB) and human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). Primary cells were cultured on (1) titanium implants with a polished surface (Ti-PT), (2) sandblasted and acid-etched titanium (Ti-SLA), (3) sandblasted and alkaline etched zirconia (ZrO2-ZLA) and (4) machined zirconia (ZrO2-M). The cell proliferation and differentiation on osteogenic lineage were assessed after 1, 7 and 14 days. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA and a modified Levene test with a statistical significance at p = 0.05. PostHoc tests were performed by Bonferroni-Holm. Zirconia dental implants with rough surface (ZrO2-ZLA) showed the highest proliferation rates (p = 0.048). The osteogenic differentiation occurred early for zirconia and later for titanium implants, and it was enhanced for rough surfaces in comparison to polished/machined surfaces. Zirconia was more effective to promote the proliferation and differentiation of hADSCs in comparison to titanium. Rough surfaces were able to improve the biological response for both zirconia and titanium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Jung
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Research Unit Vascular Biology of Oral Structures (VABOS), University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
| | - Lauren Bohner
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Research Unit Vascular Biology of Oral Structures (VABOS), University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
| | - Marcel Hanisch
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Research Unit Vascular Biology of Oral Structures (VABOS), University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
| | - Johannes Kleinheinz
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Research Unit Vascular Biology of Oral Structures (VABOS), University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
| | - Sonja Sielker
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Research Unit Vascular Biology of Oral Structures (VABOS), University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
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Stojanović S, Najman S, Korać A. Stem Cells Derived from Lipoma and Adipose Tissue-Similar Mesenchymal Phenotype but Different Differentiation Capacity Governed by Distinct Molecular Signature. Cells 2018; 7:E260. [PMID: 30544806 PMCID: PMC6316974 DOI: 10.3390/cells7120260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipomas are benign adipose tissue tumors of unknown etiology, which can vary in size, number, body localization and cell populations within the tissue. Lipoma-derived stem cells (LDSCs) are proposed as a potential tool in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering due to their similar characteristics with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) reported so far. Our study is among the first giving detailed insights into the molecular signature and differences in the differentiation capacity of LDSCs in vitro compared to ADSCs. Mesenchymal stem cell phenotype was analyzed by gene expression and flow cytometric analysis of stem cell markers. Adipogenesis and osteogenesis were analyzed by microscopic analysis, cytochemical and immunocytochemical staining, gene and protein expression analyses. We showed that both LDSCs and ADSCs were mesenchymal stem cells with similar phenotype and stemness state but different molecular basis for potential differentiation. Adipogenesis-related genes expression pattern and presence of more mature adipocytes in ADSCs than in LDSCs after 21 days of adipogenic differentiation, indicated that differentiation capacity of LDSCs was significantly lower compared to ADSCs. Analysis of osteogenesis-related markers after 16 days of osteogenic differentiation revealed that both types of cells had characteristic osteoblast-like phenotype, but were at different stages of osteogenesis. Differences observed between LDSCs and ADSCs are probably due to the distinct molecular signature and their commitment in the tissue that governs their different capacity and fate during adipogenic and osteogenic induction in vitro despite their similar mesenchymal phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Stojanović
- Department of Biology and Human Genetics and Department for Cell and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia.
| | - Stevo Najman
- Department of Biology and Human Genetics and Department for Cell and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia.
| | - Aleksandra Korać
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
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12
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Doornaert M, Colle J, De Maere E, Declercq H, Blondeel P. Autologous fat grafting: Latest insights. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2018; 37:47-53. [PMID: 30622707 PMCID: PMC6318549 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2018.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A recent rise in the use of autologous fat transfer for soft tissue augmentation has paralleled the increasing popularity of liposuction body contouring. This creates a readily available and inexpensive product for lipografting, which is the application of lipoaspirated material. Consistent scientific proof about the long-term viability of the transferred fat is not available. Clinically, there is a reabsorption rate which has been reported to range from 20 to 90%. Results can be unpredictable with overcorrection and regular need for additional interventions. In this review, adipogenesis physiology and the adipogenic cascade from adipose-derived stem cells to adult adipocytes is extensively described to determine various procedures involved in the fat grafting technique. Variables in structure and physiology, adipose tissue harvesting- and processing techniques, and the preservation of fat grafts are taken into account to collect reproducible scientific data to establish standard in vitro and in vivo models for experimental fat grafting. Adequate histological staining for fat tissue, immunohistochemistry and viability assays should be universally used in experiments to be able to produce comparative results. By analysis of the applied methods and comparison to similar experiments, a conclusion concerning the ideal technique to improve clinical outcome is proposed. Adipogenic physiology is described to determine various procedures involved in the fat grafting technique. Clinical studies on fat grafting have confirmed an unpredictable result. After analysis of the literature and despite attempts to eliminate confounding factors, on every step of the fat transfer technique a number of studies with conflicting results exist. Adequate histological staining for fat tissue, immunohistochemistry and viability assays should be universally used in experiments to be able to produce comparative results.
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13
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The micromass formation potential of human adipose-derived stromal cells isolated from different various origins. Head Face Med 2018; 14:19. [PMID: 30257689 PMCID: PMC6158821 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-018-0178-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult stem cells appear to be a promising subject for tissue engineering, representing an individual material for regeneration of aged and damaged cells. Especially adipose derived stromal cells (ADSC), which are easily to achieve, allow an encouraging perspective due to their capability of differentiating into miscellaneous cell types. Here we describe the in vitro formation of human subcutaneous, visceral and omental ADSC micromasses and compare their histological attributes while being cultivated on collagen membranes. METHODS Subcutaneous, visceral and omental fat tissue derived cells were isolated and processed according to standard protocols. Positively stained cells for CD13, CD44 and CD90 were cultivated on agarose in order to study micromass formation using a special method of cell tracking. Stained paraffin-embedded micromasses were analysed morphologically before and after being plated on collagen membranes. RESULTS The micromass formation process was similar in all three tissue types. Subcutaneous fat tissue derived micromasses turned out to develop a more homogeneous and compact shape than visceral and omental tissue. Nevertheless all micromasses adhered to collagen membranes with visible spreading of cells. The immune histochemical (IHC) staining of subcutaneous, visceral and omental ADSC micromasses shows a constant expression of CD13 and a decrease of CD44 and CD 90 expression within 28 days. After that period, omental fat cells don't show any expression of CD44. CONCLUSION In conclusion micromass formation and cultivation of all analysed fat tissues can be achieved, subcutaneous cells appearing to be the best material for regenerative concepts.
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Agrawal M, Yeo CR, Shabbir A, Chhay V, Silver DL, Magkos F, Vidal-Puig A, Toh SA. Fat storage-inducing transmembrane protein 2 (FIT2) is less abundant in type 2 diabetes, and regulates triglyceride accumulation and insulin sensitivity in adipocytes. FASEB J 2018; 33:430-440. [PMID: 30020828 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701321rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Fat storage-inducing transmembrane protein 2 (FIT2) aids in partitioning of cellular triacylglycerol into lipid droplets. A genome-wide association study reported FITM2-R3H domain containing like-HNF4A locus to be associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in East Asian populations. Mice with adipose tissue (AT)-specific FIT2 knockout exhibited lipodystrophic features, with reduced AT mass, insulin resistance, and greater inflammation in AT when fed a high-fat diet. The role of FIT2 in regulating human adipocyte function is not known. Here, we found FIT2 protein abundance is lower in subcutaneous and omental AT obtained from patients with T2DM compared with nondiabetic control subjects. Partial loss of FIT2 protein in primary human adipocytes attenuated their lipid storage capacity and induced insulin resistance. After palmitate treatment, triacylglycerol accumulation, insulin-induced Akt (Ser-473) phosphorylation, and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake were significantly reduced in FIT2 knockdown adipocytes compared with control cells. Gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-18 and IL-6 and phosphorylation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress marker inositol-requiring enzyme 1α were greater in FIT2 knockdown adipocytes than in control cells. Our results show for the first time that FIT2 is associated with T2DM in humans and plays an integral role in maintaining metabolically healthy AT function.-Agrawal, M., Yeo, C. R., Shabbir, A., Chhay, V., Silver, D. L., Magkos, F., Vidal-Puig, A., Toh, S.-A. Fat storage-inducing transmembrane protein 2 (FIT2) is less abundant in type 2 diabetes, and regulates triglyceride accumulation and insulin sensitivity in adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhur Agrawal
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Chia Rou Yeo
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Asim Shabbir
- Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Vanna Chhay
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - David L Silver
- Signature Research Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
| | - Faidon Magkos
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute of Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sue-Anne Toh
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
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15
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Bahamondes F, Flores E, Cattaneo G, Bruna F, Conget P. Omental adipose tissue is a more suitable source of canine Mesenchymal stem cells. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:166. [PMID: 28595579 PMCID: PMC5465460 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1053-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are a promising therapeutic tool in veterinary medicine. Currently the subcutaneous adipose tissue is the leading source of MSCs in dogs. MSCs derived from distinct fat depots have shown dissimilarities in their accessibility and therapeutic potential. The aims of our work were to determine the suitability of omental adipose tissue as a source of MSCs, according to sampling success, cell yield and paracrine properties of isolated cells, and compared to subcutaneous adipose tissue. Results While sampling success of omental adipose tissue was 100% (14 collections from14 donors) for subcutaneous adipose tissue it was 71% (10 collections from 14 donors). MSCs could be isolated from both sources. Cell yield was significantly higher for omental than for subcutaneous adipose tissue (38 ± 1 vs. 30 ± 1 CFU-F/g tissue, p < 0.0001). No differences were observed between sources regarding cell proliferation potential (73 ± 1 vs. 74 ± 1 CDPL) and cell senescence (at passage 10, both cultures presented enlarged cells with cytoplasmic vacuoles and cellular debris). Omental- and subcutaneous-derived MSCs expressed at the same level bFGF, PDGF, HGF, VEGF, ANG1 and IL-10. Irrespective of the source, isolated MSCs induced proliferation, migration and vascularization of target cells, and inhibited the activation of T lymphocytes. Conclusion Compared to subcutaneous adipose tissue, omental adipose tissue is a more suitable source of MSCs in dogs. Since it can be procured from donors with any body condition, its collection procedure is always feasible, its cell yield is high and the MSCs isolated from it have desirable differentiation and paracrine potentials. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-017-1053-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Bahamondes
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana - Universidad del Desarrollo, Av. Las Condes 12,438, Lo Barnechea, Santiago, 7710162, Chile. .,Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Av. Santa Rosa 11,735, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Estefania Flores
- Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Av. Santa Rosa 11,735, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gino Cattaneo
- Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Av. Santa Rosa 11,735, Santiago, Chile
| | - Flavia Bruna
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana - Universidad del Desarrollo, Av. Las Condes 12,438, Lo Barnechea, Santiago, 7710162, Chile
| | - Paulette Conget
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana - Universidad del Desarrollo, Av. Las Condes 12,438, Lo Barnechea, Santiago, 7710162, Chile
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16
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Schneider S, Unger M, van Griensven M, Balmayor ER. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells from liposuction and resected fat are feasible sources for regenerative medicine. Eur J Med Res 2017; 22:17. [PMID: 28526089 PMCID: PMC5438493 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-017-0258-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in research and in regenerative medicine has progressed. Bone marrow as a source has drawbacks because of subsequent morbidities. An easily accessible and valuable source is adipose tissue. This type of tissue contains a high number of MSCs, and obtaining higher quantities of tissue is more feasible. Fat tissue can be harvested using different methods such as liposuction and resection. First, a detailed isolation protocol with complete characterization is described. This also includes highlighting problems and pitfalls. Furthermore, some comparisons of these different harvesting methods exist. However, the later characterization of the cells is conducted poorly in most cases. METHODS We performed an in-depth characterization over five passages including an investigation of the effect of freezing and thawing. Characterization was performed using flow cytometry with CD markers, metabolic activity with Alamar Blue, growth potential in between passages, and cytoskeleton staining. RESULTS Our results show that the cells isolated with distinct isolation methods (solid versus liposuction "liquid") have the same MSC potential. However, the percentage of cells positive for the markers CD73, CD90, and CD105 is initially quite low. The cells isolated from the liquid fat tissue grow faster at higher passages, and significantly more cells display MSC markers. CONCLUSION In summary, we show a simple and efficient method to isolate adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells from different preparations. Liposuctions and resection can be used, whereas liposuction has more growth potential at higher passages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Schneider
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
| | - Marina Unger
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Martijn van Griensven
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Elizabeth R Balmayor
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
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Berbéri A, Al-Nemer F, Hamade E, Noujeim Z, Badran B, Zibara K. Mesenchymal stem cells with osteogenic potential in human maxillary sinus membrane: an in vitro study. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:1599-1609. [PMID: 27585588 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1945-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of our study is to prove and validate the existence of an osteogenic progenitor cell population within the human maxillary Schneiderian sinus membrane (hMSSM) and to demonstrate their potential for bone formation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten hMSSM samples of approximately 2 × 2 cm were obtained during a surgical nasal approach for treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis and were retained for this study. The derived cells were isolated, cultured, and assayed at passage 3 for their osteogenic potential using the expression of Alkaline phosphatase, alizarin red and Von Kossa staining, flow cytometry, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS hMSSM-derived cells were isolated, showed homogenous spindle-shaped fibroblast-like morphology, characteristic of mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs), and demonstrated very high expression of MPC markers such as STRO-1, CD44, CD90, CD105, and CD73 in all tested passages. In addition, von Kossa and Alizarin red staining showed significant mineralization, a typical feature of osteoblasts. Moreover, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was significantly increased at days 7, 14, 21, and 28 of culture in hMSSM-derived cells grown in osteogenic medium, in comparison to controls. Furthermore, osteogenic differentiation significantly upregulated the transcriptional expression of osteogenic markers such as ALP, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx-2), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, osteocalcin (OCN), osteonectin (ON), and osteopontin (OPN), confirming that hMSSM-derived cells are of osteoprogenitor origin. Finally, hMSSM-derived cells were also capable of producing OPN proteins upon culturing in an osteogenic medium. CONCLUSION Our data showed that hMSSM holds mesenchymal osteoprogenitor cells capable of differentiating to the osteogenic lineage. CLINICAL RELEVANCE hMSSM contains potentially multipotent postnatal stem cells providing a promising clinical application in preimplant and implant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Berbéri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Rafic Hariri Campus, P.O. box 5208-116, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Fatima Al-Nemer
- ER045, Laboratory of Stem Cells, DSST, PRASE, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Eva Hamade
- ER045, Laboratory of Stem Cells, DSST, PRASE, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Noujeim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Rafic Hariri Campus, P.O. box 5208-116, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Bassam Badran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Kazem Zibara
- ER045, Laboratory of Stem Cells, DSST, PRASE, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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