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Liu Y, Ye Y, Li Y. Experimental and numerical study on Zn and Pb migration in the farmland soil under wastewater irrigation conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:6371-6386. [PMID: 37310650 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01642-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Long-term wastewater irrigation may lead to the accumulation, transformation, and migration of heavy metals in the farmland soil, increasing the risk of groundwater pollution. However, it is currently uncertain whether using wastewater for irrigation would lead to the migration of heavy metals zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb) into deeper layers of soil, in the local undeveloped wastewater irrigation farmland. In this study, the migration characteristics of Zn and Pb from irrigation wastewater in local farmland soil were investigated through a series of experiments including adsorption experiments, tracer, and heavy metals breakthrough experiments, as well as numerical simulations using HYDRUS-2D software. The results revealed that the Langmuir adsorption model, CDE model, and TSM model were effective in fitting the required adsorption and solute transport parameters for the simulations. Furthermore, both the soil experiments and simulation results showed that in the test soil, Pb had a stronger affinity for adsorption sites than Zn, while Zn exhibited greater mobility than Pb. After 10 years of wastewater irrigation, it was found that Zn had migrated to a maximum depth of 32.69 cm underground and Pb had only migrated to 19.59 cm. Despite their migration, the two heavy metals have not yet reached the groundwater zone. Instead, they had accumulated to higher concentrations in the local farmland soil. Moreover, the proportion of active forms of Zn and Pb decreased after flooded incubation. The present results can improve understanding of the environmental behavior of Zn and Pb in the farmland soil and can be used as a basis for risk assessment of Zn and Pb polluting groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Road #126, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanyong Ye
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Road #126, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanpeng Li
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Road #126, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
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2
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He T, Li Y, Huang Y, He E, Li Y, Qu L, Ding F, Jin R, Han M, Yuan L, Xue W, Qu R, Zheng W, Xie Y, Liu X, Zhao L, Liu M. Simulation and risk assessment of arsenic by Hydrus-3D and CalTOX in a typical brownfield site. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 448:130892. [PMID: 36758430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Accurate quantification of arsenic migration and accumulation in brownfield site is critical for environmental management and soil remediation. However, the researches simulating arsenic in brownfield site in China are limited due to sparse data and complex migration behaviors. In this study, we simulated historic arsenic contamination using Hydrus-3D in an abandoned brownfield site in Hebei, China, from 1972 to 2019. Atmospheric discharge, wastewater leakage, solid waste discharge and tank leakage were calculated according to the factory processes for model simulation. Based on the results of Hydrus-3D, we assessed health risk of arsenic in this site. The results showed that total arsenic input to the soil surface from 4 pathways was 24.6 tons, the solid waste discharge was the highest contributor. The accumulation process mainly occurred in the unsaturated zone due to clay and silty clay absorbed arsenic and thus slow down the migration process. While in the saturation zone, abundant groundwater promoted migration of arsenic, resulting in widespread distribution of contaminated area. The model results represented good performance between simulated and measured values. Sensitivity analysis indicated that adsorption constant and water conductivity were the most influential parameters. Heath risk assessment showed that arsenic contamination continues to threaten resident health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao He
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ye Li
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Ye Huang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Erkai He
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Liangyu Qu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Fangfang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ruihe Jin
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mingzhe Han
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Lina Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Weizhen Xue
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ruijuan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wang Zheng
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yunfeng Xie
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xingmei Liu
- College of Environmental Natural Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200241, China.
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3
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Li Y, Wang Y, Liu J, Gustave W, Zeng L, Xu J, Liu X. A lifelong journey of lead in soil profiles at an abandoned e-waste recycling site: Past, present, and future. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 320:121097. [PMID: 36657515 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollutants resulting from human activities consistently move from the topsoil to the subsoil profiles under the influence of rainfall leaching. This study intends to predict the long-term transport of heavy metals at an abandoned e-waste recycling site with respect to historical pollution activities, land use, and metal pollutant dynamics. Our results showed that the site was seriously contaminated with heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) in the soil profiles. More specifically, Cu and Zn accumulated primarily in the upper layers of the soil profile owing to their weak mobility, while significant migration of Cd and Pb was observed in the deeper soil layers. Furthermore, to clarify the fate of Pb in soil profiles, Pb isotopes and the Hydrus model were used to trace the sources of Pb contamination and predict its long-term distribution. The Pb isotope results suggest that past e-waste recycling activities significantly contributed to the heavy metal concentration in the soil profiles; however, other anthropogenic sources such as vehicle exhaust had smaller impacts. Moreover, our model findings predicted that within the next 30 years, 60% of Pb contaminants will be concentrated in the surface soil. Together these results provide a theoretical foundation and scientific basis for evaluating, controlling, and remediating abandoned e-waste recycling sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiren Li
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yanni Wang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jian Liu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Williamson Gustave
- The School of Chemistry, Environmental & Life Sciences, University of the Bahamas, New Providence, Nassau, Bahamas
| | - Lingzao Zeng
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xingmei Liu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Ye Y, Li Y, Cao Z, Liu S, Zhao Y. Experimental and numerical study on Cu and Cd migration in different functional-area soils under simulated rainfall conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 208:112239. [PMID: 34717943 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Natural rainfall exerts a significant influence on the migration of heavy metals in soil. However, the knowledge of migration characteristics and release kinetics of heavy metals in contaminated soils under different rainfall intensities still remains unclear. In this study, the simulated rainfall of different intensities was designed to experimentally and numerically investigate Cu and Cd movements in different functional-area (agriculture, industrial, urban) soils. A HYDRUS-2D model was optimized to simulate the migration process of Cu and Cd in soil under different rainfall conditions. The hydraulic properties and solute transport parameters used in the model were estimated based on isothermal adsorption and chloride ion penetration experimental measurements and related model fitting. Furthermore, Cu and Cd BTCs (Breakthrough Curves) were fitted using the HYDRUS-2D inverse solution function with two-site model. The results showed that the order of the migration capacity of Cu and Cd in different functional-area soils was agriculture soil > industrial soil > urban soil, and Cd had a greater risk of groundwater pollution than Cu. With the increase of rainfall intensity, the high proportion of the exchangeable state of Cu and Cd in contaminated soil is easy to be released. Furthermore, the model was proved to describe the distribution of Cu and Cd in the soil profile very well. The present results can improve understanding of the environmental behavior of Cu and Cd in different functional-areas soils and can be used as a basis for risk assessment of Cu and Cd polluting groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyong Ye
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
| | - Yanpeng Li
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecology Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710054, PR China.
| | - Zhaolin Cao
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
| | - Siyu Liu
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
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5
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Van Thang N, Thu HNP, Hao LC. Uranium isotopes in groundwater in Ho Chi Minh City and related issues: Health risks, environmental effects, and mitigation methods. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2022; 245:103941. [PMID: 34995933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater is regularly used for many purposes, such as drinking and agricultural irrigation systems. Still, it contains high levels of radionuclides (e.g., 238U, 232Th, and 226Ra) that are potentially hazardous to humans and the environment. In this study, activity concentrations of uranium isotopes were analyzed in 15 groundwater samples taken from 15 bored wells in Thu Duc district, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Environmental effects of the irrigation system with groundwater on agricultural soil in the study area were assessed by models. It was found that the activity concentrations of 238U and 234U in groundwater samples were in the ranges of (13.5-268.7) mBq l-1 and (20.2-438.3) mBq l-1, respectively. The ratio 234U/238U values were ranged from 1.12 to 2, with an average value of 1.44. Based on the model prediction, 25 years irrigation with the groundwater can inject 94.8 Bq both uranium isotopes in 1 kg topsoil. For investigated groundwater samples, the proposed removal method using K2FeO4 removed 74.28% and 81.04% for 234U and 238U, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Van Thang
- Nuclear Technique Laboratory, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Department of Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Faculty of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Huynh Nguyen Phong Thu
- Nuclear Technique Laboratory, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Department of Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Faculty of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Le Cong Hao
- Nuclear Technique Laboratory, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Department of Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Faculty of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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6
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Levels of 226Ra in some paddy soils in the Mekong Delta region (Vietnam): current status and long-term assessment. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07870-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Nguyen VT, Thu Huynh NP, Le CH. Accumulation rates of natural radionuclides ( 40K, 210Pb, 226Ra, 238U, and 232Th) in topsoils due to long-term cultivations of water spinach (Ipomoea Aquatica Forssk.) and rice (Oryza Sativa L.) based on model assessments: A case study in Dong Nai province, Vietnam. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 271:111001. [PMID: 32778287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In topsoils, the activity concentrations of natural radionuclides (hereafter NRs) increase due to the addition of NRs from fertilizers, irrigation water, and air dust pollution. On the other hand, various physical-chemical and environmental processes such as radioactive decay, volatilization, leaching, erosion, and plant uptake were responsible for the decrease of the activity concentrations of NRs in the topsoils. In this study, behaviours of 40K, 210Pb, 226Ra, 238U, and 232Th in topsoils were modelled by the CEMC soil model and the HYDRUS-1D model. An exponential equation was proposed for estimating the accumulation rates of these radionuclides in the topsoils. Long-term accumulation of radionuclides was assessed for water spinach (Ipomoea Aquatica Forssk.) soil (hereafter VES) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) soil (hereafter RIS). We found that the current agricultural practices caused the increase of 40K activity concentration in the water spinach soil, and 40K, 210Pb, 226Ra, and 232Th activity concentrations in the rice soil. The accumulation rates of radionuclides were in the order 238U < 232Th < 226Ra < 210Pb < 40K. 25 years of cultivation with water spinach can increase/decrease + (165 ± 6) Bq of 40K, - (8.2 ± 0.7) Bq of 210Pb, - (4.3 ± 0.2) Bq of 226Ra, - (7 0.3 ± 0.3) Bq of 238U, and - (1.8 ± 0.1) Bq of 232Th in 1 kg soil. For rice cultivation, these values are + (1004 ± 39), + (3.3 ± 0.2), + (3.0 ± 0.2), - (5.1 ± 0.3), (2.2 ± 0.1) Bq kg-1 for 40K, 210Pb, 226Ra, 238U, and 232Th, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Thang Nguyen
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Faculty of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Nuclear Technique Laboratory, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Nguyen Phong Thu Huynh
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Faculty of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Nuclear Technique Laboratory, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Cong Hao Le
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Faculty of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Nuclear Technique Laboratory, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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8
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Nguyen VT, Huynh NPT, Le CH. Levels of 226Ra in groundwater samples collected in Phu Yen province, Vietnam associated with health risks to local population and impacts on the maize (Zea mays L.) soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:31812-31826. [PMID: 32504433 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09538-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater is a major source of drinking water and agricultural water in some regions of the world. However, it contains a high level of 226Ra that is potentially hazardous to human health and the environment. Normally, the activity concentration of 226Ra in groundwater is determined to assess the quality of groundwater that can be used as drinking water. There are few studies on the accumulation of 226Ra in the agricultural soil due to irrigation with groundwater. In this study, levels of 226Ra were determined on over 60 groundwater samples collected from the public water supply wells in Phu Yen province, Vietnam. Besides assessment of the health risks to population due to drinking groundwater samples, the impact of groundwater irrigation to the maize field in the study area was studied. For this purpose, two chemical fate models were applied and the comparison of their results was performed. Based on the model assessments, we predicted that the present agricultural practices increased the 226Ra activity concentration in the maize soil, and the level of 226Ra activity concentration in the topsoil can exceed the recommended level at 11.4 years of the present agricultural practices on the maize soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Thang Nguyen
- Nuclear Technique Laboratory, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Faculty of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Nguyen Phong Thu Huynh
- Nuclear Technique Laboratory, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Faculty of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Cong Hao Le
- Nuclear Technique Laboratory, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Faculty of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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9
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Li B, Pu S, Mandal S, Li M. Viscosity modification enhanced the migration and distribution of colloidal Mg(OH) 2 in aquifers contaminated by heavy metals. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 138:105658. [PMID: 32203808 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mg(OH)2 is extensively considered as an potential material for groundwater remediation because its injection could provide a long-term pH buffering system. In this study, colloidal Mg(OH)2 was regarded as an alternative reagent for the in-situ remediation of heavy metal polluted groundwater. However, experiments demonstrated that the transport performance of colloidal Mg(OH)2 in groundwater was depressed by the contamination of heavy metals and its stabilization performance for heavy metals was deteriorated. To solve these difficulties, the transport properties of colloidal Mg(OH)2 was enhanced by viscosity modification by adding xanthan gum (XG). Column tests were conducted to investigate the transport performance of colloidal Mg(OH)2 with and without viscosity modification, and to evaluate its stabilization effect for Pb and Cd polluted aquifer. Experimental results indicate that although the injection pressure increased during the migration of colloidal Mg(OH)2, the increased viscosity effectively could decrease the intensity of Brownian motion of Mg(OH)2 particles and reduce the collision efficiency between colloidal particles and aquifer media. Thus, deposition of Mg(OH)2 particles on aquifer media significantly reduced after viscosity modification, and its migration performance in groundwater was effectively enhanced. In contrast, the distribution of colloidal Mg(OH)2 was more uniform after viscosity modification, and immobilization of heavy metals in contaminated aquifer was noticeably improved, furthermore the exchangeable fraction of Pb and Cd is significantly reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology), 1#, Dongsanlu, Erxianqiao, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, PR China; Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Shengyan Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology), 1#, Dongsanlu, Erxianqiao, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Sandip Mandal
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology), 1#, Dongsanlu, Erxianqiao, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Miao Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
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10
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Dai Y, Liang Y, Xu X, Zhao L, Cao X. An integrated approach for simultaneous immobilization of lead in both contaminated soil and groundwater: Laboratory test and numerical modeling. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 342:107-113. [PMID: 28826052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrated the feasibility of an integrated remediation approach for simultaneous immobilization of Pb in both soil and groundwater. The laboratory test was conducted via column experiment by pumping Pb-contaminated groundwater into the pre-amended contaminated surface soils to identify their retention and immobilization ability of Pb. HYDRUS modeling was undertaken to simulate Pb distribution and permissible treatment capacity in the remediation. The experiment results showed that phosphate- and biochar-amended soils were highly effective in removing Pb from contaminated groundwater, with the removal reaching up to 94.2% and 84.5%, respectively. However, phosphate amendment was more effective in immobilizing Pb with TCLP extracted Pb reduced by 18.3%-51.5%, compared to the control, while the reduction for biochar amendment was less than 13.5%. The modeling indicated that phosphate-amended soil could immobilize 509gPbm-2 soil under the environmentally-relevant conditions, given both groundwater and soil quality criteria being met. Our study demonstrated that the integrated system with phosphate amendment is fairly feasible for simultaneous remediation of both Pb-contaminated soil and groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Dai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuan Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xinde Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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11
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Dong J, Li B, Bao Q. In situ reactive zone with modified Mg(OH) 2 for remediation of heavy metal polluted groundwater: Immobilization and interaction of Cr(III), Pb(II) and Cd(II). JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2017; 199:50-57. [PMID: 28342548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Mg(OH)2 dissolves slowly and can provide a long-term source of alkalinity, thus a promising alternative reagent for the in situ remediation of heavy metal polluted groundwater. However, the application of Mg(OH)2 on in situ reactive zone (IRZ) for heavy metal polluted groundwater has never been investigated. In this study, the behaviors of heavy metals in a Mg(OH)2 IRZ were monitored for 45d. The heavy metals show a sequential precipitation by modified Mg(OH)2 due to the difference of Ksp. Column tests were conducted to investigate the temporal and spatial distribution of heavy metals in Mg(OH)2 IRZ and evaluate the stabilization effect for multi-heavy metal polluted groundwater. Experimental results indicate that there exist interactions between different heavy metals, and their zoning distribution is attributed either to the competitive adsorption onto porous media (control column) or to the sequential precipitation of heavy metal ions (IRZ column). In contrast with the control column, heavy metal contaminated area in Mg(OH)2 IRZ significantly shrinks. According to the chemical speciation analysis, when water containing Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cr(III) flows through Mg(OH)2 IRZ, exchangeable fraction of total concentration significantly reduce and the proportion of carbonate and Fe/Mn oxides fraction increase, indicating the decrease of their mobility and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Dong
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
| | - Qiburi Bao
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China.
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12
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Nakamura K, Kuwatani T, Kawabe Y, Komai T. Extraction of heavy metals characteristics of the 2011 Tohoku tsunami deposits using multiple classification analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 144:1241-1248. [PMID: 26469936 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.09.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Tsunami deposits accumulated on the Tohoku coastal area in Japan due to the impact of the Tohoku-oki earthquake. In the study reported in this paper, we applied principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) to determine the concentrations of heavy metals in tsunami deposits that had been diluted with water or digested using 1 M HCl. The results suggest that the environmental risk is relatively low, evidenced by the following geometric mean concentrations: Pb, 16 mg kg(-1) and 0.003 ml L(-1); As, 1.8 mg kg(-1) and 0.004 ml L(-1); and Cd, 0.17 mg kg(-1) and 0.0001 ml L(-1). CA was performed after outliers were excluded using PCA. The analysis grouped the concentrations of heavy metals for leaching in water and acid. For the acid case, the first cluster contained Ni, Fe, Cd, Cu, Al, Cr, Zn, and Mn; while the second contained Pb, Sb, As, and Mo. For water, the first cluster contained Ni, Fe, Al, and Cr; and the second cluster contained Mo, Sb, As, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Mn. Statistical analysis revealed that the typical toxic elements, As, Pb, and Cd have steady correlations for acid leaching but are relatively sparse for water leaching. Pb and As from the tsunami deposits seemed to reveal a kind of redox elution mechanism using 1 M HCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Nakamura
- Graduate School of Environmental Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-6-20 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Tatsu Kuwatani
- Department of Solid Earth Geochemistry, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
| | - Yoshishige Kawabe
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Higashi1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8567, Japan
| | - Takeshi Komai
- Graduate School of Environmental Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-6-20 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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