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Canelles A, Rodríguez-Escales P, Modrzyński JJ, Albers C, Sanchez-Vila X. Impact of compost reactive layer on hydraulic transport and C & N cycles: Biogeochemical modeling of infiltration column experiments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 770:145490. [PMID: 33736357 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) is a key strategy to increase freshwater resources in many regions facing water scarcity. MAR issues are related to both quantity and quality of the infiltrating water. In most countries, very high quality of the infiltrating water is required, to limit the impact on the aquifer geochemistry. In this paper, the possibility of injecting water of lower quality in the aquifer and letting the biogeochemical reactions take place in order to enhance its quality is explored. Here, we present the fate of nutrients (C, N) in the biogeochemical system of a reactive barrier formed by mixture of different proportions of sand and compost, supplied with treated wastewater to mimic MAR. An integrated conceptual model involving the nutrient cycles and biomass dynamics (auto- and heterotrophic) was developed, and then tested with a number of solute transport experiments in columns with different compost fraction in the column filling. The model incorporated both saturation and inhibition processes (regarding the nutrients and their byproducts) to provide a comprehensive picture of the nutrient dynamics within the column. The model developed (three if considering the 3 column setups) allowed to discriminate the processes that govern the fate of nutrients in relation with the compost enhancing long-term nutrient degradation, yet hindering hydraulic parameters that affect infiltration rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnau Canelles
- Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Associated Unit: Hydrogeology Group (UPC-CSIC), Spain.
| | - Paula Rodríguez-Escales
- Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Associated Unit: Hydrogeology Group (UPC-CSIC), Spain
| | - Jakub Jan Modrzyński
- Department of Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark & Greenland (GEUS), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Albers
- Department of Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark & Greenland (GEUS), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xavier Sanchez-Vila
- Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Associated Unit: Hydrogeology Group (UPC-CSIC), Spain
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Wang J, Ma R, Guo Z, Qu L, Yin M, Zheng C. Experiment and multicomponent model based analysis on the effect of flow rate and nitrate concentration on denitrification in low-permeability media. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2020; 235:103727. [PMID: 33068999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2020.103727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To better understand the combined effects of flow rate and NO3- concentration on denitrification rate and NO3- removal efficiency in the low-permeability media, a set of column experiments with different flow rates and injected NO3- concentrations were conducted. Denitrification processes under these different conditions were simulated using the PHREEQC code that couples the biogeochemical reactions and hydrological transport processes. In these reactive transport models, Monod kinetics were applied to describe the denitrification process. It was found that, among the experiments conducted in this study, the low flow rate (0.023 m/d) resulted in the low denitrification rate but high NO3- removal efficiency. Meanwhile, NO3- removal efficiency was the highest (85%) under moderate NO3- concentration of 1.29 mmol/L, although denitrification rate increased in response to the increase of NO3- concentration. The model results also indicated that NO3- removal efficiency of 97% can be achieved with relatively low flow rate and high influent NO3- concentration. The results in this study provide insights into NO3- remediation, and the temporal and spatial flow rate, as well as NO3- concentration distribution, should be pre-evaluated for the effective removal strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Rui Ma
- School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Zhilin Guo
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Le Qu
- School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Maosheng Yin
- School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chunmiao Zheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Tian Z, Wang J. Lattice Boltzmann simulation of biofilm clogging and chemical oxygen demand removal in porous media. AIChE J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Tian
- Faculty of Science and TechnologyAthabasca University Athabasca Alberta Canada
| | - Junye Wang
- Faculty of Science and TechnologyAthabasca University Athabasca Alberta Canada
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Carrey R, Rodríguez-Escales P, Soler A, Otero N. Tracing the role of endogenous carbon in denitrification using wine industry by-product as an external electron donor: Coupling isotopic tools with mathematical modeling. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 207:105-115. [PMID: 29154003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate removal through enhanced biological denitrification (EBD), consisting of the inoculation of an external electron donor, is a feasible solution for the recovery of groundwater quality. In this context, liquid waste from wine industries (wine industry by-products, WIB) may be feasible for use as a reactant to enhance heterotrophic denitrification. To address the feasibility of WIB as electron donor to promote denitrification, as well as to evaluate the role of biomass as a secondary organic C source, a flow-through experiment was carried out. Chemical and isotopic characterization was performed and coupled with mathematical modeling. Complete nitrate attenuation with no nitrite accumulation was successfully achieved after 10 days. Four different C/N molar ratios (7.0, 2.0, 1.0 and 0) were tested. Progressive decrease of the C/N ratio reduced the remaining C in the outflow and favored biomass migration, producing significant changes in dispersivity in the reactor, which favored efficient nitrate degradation. The applied mathematical model described the general trends for nitrate, ethanol, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentrations. This model shows how the biomass present in the system is degraded to dissolved organic C (DOCen) and becomes the main source of DOC for a C/N ratio between 1.0 and 0. The isotopic model developed for organic and inorganic carbon also describes the general trends of δ13C of ethanol, DOC and DIC in the outflow water. The study of the evolution of the isotopic fractionation of organic C using a Rayleigh distillation model shows the shift in the organic carbon source from the WIB to the biomass and is in agreement with the isotopic fractionation values used to calibrate the model. Isotopic fractionations (ε) of C-ethanol and C-DOCen were -1‰ and -5‰ (model) and -3.3‰ and -4.8‰ (Rayleigh), respectively. In addition, an inverse isotopic fractionation of +10‰ was observed for biomass degradation to DOCen. Overall, WIB can efficiently promote nitrate reduction in EBD treatments. The conceptual model of the organic C cycle and the developed mathematical model accurately described the chemical and isotopic transformations that occur during this induced denitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Carrey
- Grup d'Mineralogia Aplicada i Medi Ambient, Dep. Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), C/ Martí i Franquès s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - P Rodríguez-Escales
- Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Associated Unit: Hydrogeology Group (UPC-CSIC), Spain
| | - A Soler
- Grup d'Mineralogia Aplicada i Medi Ambient, Dep. Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), C/ Martí i Franquès s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Otero
- Grup d'Mineralogia Aplicada i Medi Ambient, Dep. Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), C/ Martí i Franquès s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Serra Hunter Fellowship, Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain
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Younes A, Delay F, Fajraoui N, Fahs M, Mara TA. Global sensitivity analysis and Bayesian parameter inference for solute transport in porous media colonized by biofilms. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2016; 191:1-18. [PMID: 27182791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The concept of dual flowing continuum is a promising approach for modeling solute transport in porous media that includes biofilm phases. The highly dispersed transit time distributions often generated by these media are taken into consideration by simply stipulating that advection-dispersion transport occurs through both the porous and the biofilm phases. Both phases are coupled but assigned with contrasting hydrodynamic properties. However, the dual flowing continuum suffers from intrinsic equifinality in the sense that the outlet solute concentration can be the result of several parameter sets of the two flowing phases. To assess the applicability of the dual flowing continuum, we investigate how the model behaves with respect to its parameters. For the purpose of this study, a Global Sensitivity Analysis (GSA) and a Statistical Calibration (SC) of model parameters are performed for two transport scenarios that differ by the strength of interaction between the flowing phases. The GSA is shown to be a valuable tool to understand how the complex system behaves. The results indicate that the rate of mass transfer between the two phases is a key parameter of the model behavior and influences the identifiability of the other parameters. For weak mass exchanges, the output concentration is mainly controlled by the velocity in the porous medium and by the porosity of both flowing phases. In the case of large mass exchanges, the kinetics of this exchange also controls the output concentration. The SC results show that transport with large mass exchange between the flowing phases is more likely affected by equifinality than transport with weak exchange. The SC also indicates that weakly sensitive parameters, such as the dispersion in each phase, can be accurately identified. Removing them from calibration procedures is not recommended because it might result in biased estimations of the highly sensitive parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Younes
- LHyGES, Université de Strasbourg/EOST, CNRS, 1 rue Blessig, 67084 Strasbourg, France; IRD UMR LISAH, F-92761 Montpellier, France.
| | - F Delay
- LHyGES, Université de Strasbourg/EOST, CNRS, 1 rue Blessig, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - N Fajraoui
- LHyGES, Université de Strasbourg/EOST, CNRS, 1 rue Blessig, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - M Fahs
- LHyGES, Université de Strasbourg/EOST, CNRS, 1 rue Blessig, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - T A Mara
- Université de La Réunion, PIMENT, 15 Avenue René Cassin, BP 7151, 97715 Moufia, La Réunion, France
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