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Yang Y, Dai C, Chen X, Zhang B, Li X, Yang W, Wang J, Feng J. Role of uranium toxicity and uranium-induced oxidative stress in advancing kidney injury and endothelial inflammation in rats. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 25:14. [PMID: 38308341 PMCID: PMC10837886 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-024-00734-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Uranium exposure may cause serious pathological injury to the body, which is attributed to oxidative stress and inflammation. However, the pathogenesis of uranium toxicity has not been clarified. Here, we evaluated the level of oxidative stress to determine the relationship between uranium exposure, nephrotoxic oxidative stress, and endothelial inflammation. METHODS Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three experimental groups (U-24h, U-48h, and U-72h) and one control group. The three experimental groups were intraperitoneally injected with 2.0 mg/kg uranyl acetate, and tissue and serum samples were collected after 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively, whereas the control group was intraperitoneally injected with 1.0 ml/kg normal saline and samples were collected after 24 h. Then, we observed changes in the uranium levels and oxidative stress parameters, including the total oxidative state (TOS), total antioxidant state (TAS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) in kidney tissue and serum. We also detected the markers of kidney injury, namely urea (Ure), creatine (Cre), cystatin C (CysC), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL). The endothelial inflammatory markers, namely C-reactive protein (CRP), lipoprotein phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), and homocysteine (Hcy), were also quantified. Finally, we analyzed the relationship among these parameters. RESULTS TOS (z = 3.949; P < 0.001), OSI (z = 5.576; P < 0.001), Ure (z = 3.559; P < 0.001), Cre (z = 3.476; P < 0.001), CysC (z = 4.052; P < 0.001), NGAL (z = 3.661; P < 0.001), and CRP (z = 5.286; P < 0.001) gradually increased after uranium exposure, whereas TAS (z = -3.823; P < 0.001), tissue U (z = -2.736; P = 0.001), Hcy (z = -2.794; P = 0.005), and Lp-PLA2 (z = -4.515; P < 0.001) gradually decreased. The serum U level showed a V-shape change (z = -1.655; P = 0.094). The uranium levels in the kidney tissue and serum were positively correlated with TOS (r = 0.440 and 0.424; P = 0.005 and 0.007) and OSI (r = 0.389 and 0.449; P = 0.013 and 0.004); however, serum U levels were negatively correlated with TAS (r = -0.349; P = 0.027). Partial correlation analysis revealed that NGAL was closely correlated to tissue U (rpartial = 0.455; P = 0.003), CysC was closely correlated to serum U (rpartial = 0.501; P = 0.001), and Lp-PLA2 was closely correlated to TOS (rpartial = 0.391; P = 0.014), TAS (rpartial = 0.569; P < 0.001), and OSI (rpartial = -0.494; P = 0.001). Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the Hcy levels were negatively correlated with tissue U (r = -0.344; P = 0.030) and positively correlated with TAS (r = 0.396; P = 0.011). CONCLUSION The uranium-induced oxidative injury may be mainly reflected in enhanced endothelial inflammation, and the direct chemical toxicity of uranium plays an important role in the process of kidney injury, especially in renal tubular injury. In addition, CysC may be a sensitive marker reflecting the nephrotoxicity of uranium; however, Hcy is not suitable for evaluating short-term endothelial inflammation involving oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (Mianyang Central Hospital), Mianyang, 621000, P.R. China.
- Mianyang Central Hospital, Affiliated to School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 12 Changjia Lane, Jingzhong Street, Mianyang, 621000, P.R. China.
| | - Chunmei Dai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (Mianyang Central Hospital), Mianyang, 621000, P.R. China
- Mianyang Central Hospital, Affiliated to School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 12 Changjia Lane, Jingzhong Street, Mianyang, 621000, P.R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (Mianyang Central Hospital), Mianyang, 621000, P.R. China
- Mianyang Central Hospital, Affiliated to School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 12 Changjia Lane, Jingzhong Street, Mianyang, 621000, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (Mianyang Central Hospital), Mianyang, 621000, P.R. China
- Mianyang Central Hospital, Affiliated to School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 12 Changjia Lane, Jingzhong Street, Mianyang, 621000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohan Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, P.R. China
| | - Wenyu Yang
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, P.R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, P.R. China
| | - Jiafu Feng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (Mianyang Central Hospital), Mianyang, 621000, P.R. China.
- Mianyang Central Hospital, Affiliated to School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 12 Changjia Lane, Jingzhong Street, Mianyang, 621000, P.R. China.
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Zebracki M, Marlin C, Gaillard T, Gorny J, Diez O, Durand V, Lafont C, Jardin C, Monange V. Elevated uranium concentration and low activity ratio ( 234U/ 238U) in the Œuf river as the result of groundwater-surface water interaction (Essonne river valley, South of Paris Basin, France). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 876:162537. [PMID: 36921867 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Uranium (U) is a naturally occurring radioactive heavy metal widely distributed on Earth. Noticeable elevated U concentration and low activity ratio (AR) were occasionally detected in headwater stream of the Essonne river (Seine Basin, France), the namely Œuf river. This paper aims at providing new insight on geogenic U features in headwater streams and examines the role of river-groundwater interaction. The Œuf river was sampled four times in 2020 to investigate the influence of heterogeneous geology and hydrological seasonality. The dissolved fraction of water samples was analyzed for a variety of chemical parameters (anion, major, minor and trace element concentrations, isotopes 234U and 238U). The Œuf river was shown to exhibit elevated U concentration up to 19.3 μg L-1 (exceeding by 100-fold the value of 0.19 μg L-1 known for riverine average) and low AR down to 0.41 (almost the third of the value expected in surface water, i.e., 1.17). The Œuf river got enriched in U when receiving groundwater from Beauce Limestone Aquifer System. High U concentration (above 15 μg L-1) was found in association with low AR (below 0.5) in the stream water when flowing in the outcrop zone of one BLAS unit. Taking advantage of changes in the stream flow conditions and the geochemical contrast between surface and ground waters, mixing volumes were calculated. This study first examined the potential of using U isotopes in combination with selenium as hydrogeochemical tracers of the river-groundwater continuum. In HWS, the aquifer discharge was shown to supply 12 to 59 % of the river water. This study demonstrates the key role played by the river-groundwater interaction on river water chemistry in small streams draining catchment with various geology setting. It also supports the use of combining redox sensitive trace elements to track the river-groundwater continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Zebracki
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SEDRE/LELI, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
| | | | - Thierry Gaillard
- Compagnie de Prospection Géophysique Française (CPGF)-HORIZON, 77210 Avon, France
| | - Josselin Gorny
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SEDRE/LELI, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Olivier Diez
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SEDRE/LELI, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | - Charlotte Lafont
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SEDRE/LELI, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Cyrielle Jardin
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SEDRE/LELI, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Valérie Monange
- Compagnie de Prospection Géophysique Française (CPGF)-HORIZON, 77210 Avon, France
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Zhao B, Sun Z, Guo Y, Zhou Z, Wang X, Ke P. Occurrence characteristics of uranium mineral-related substances in various environmental media in China: A critical review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 441:129856. [PMID: 36115096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The high demand and extensive exploitation of uranium resources resulted in the ubiquity and high detection levels of uranium mineral-related substances in various environment media in China. The potential adverse effects of uranium mineral-related substances on environment and human health have received extensive attention. Therefore, we reviewed the occurrence and spatial distribution of uranium mineral-related substances in various basins and environmental media in China to obtain an overall understanding. We collected information from over 70 papers reporting the occurrence and distribution of uranium mineral-related substances in multiple environments and 183 articles on the genesis of uranium deposits in China from 2001 to 2021. Then the occurrence of uranium mineral-related substances and corresponding correlation in different basins, environmental media and depth ranges were compared in detail. And this review assessed the uranium mineral-related pollution in China based on various environmental quality standards of China, EPA and WHO, and proposed the priority uranium mineral-related heavy metals and radioactive substances based on cluster analysis. This review showed that there were obvious differences in the occurrence characteristics of various uranium mineral-related substances in different environmental media, especially in the surrounding environment of sandstone type and hard rock type uranium deposits. These results will guide us to tackle the challenge of uranium mineral-related pollution in China. The correlation analysis of uranium mineral-related pollutants in different environmental media and the identification of priority pollutants will also provide instructions for us to control uranium mineral-related pollution. Finally, we put forward a series of urgent and practical suggestions on risk management and control of uranium mining according to the current situation of uranium mining environment in China, which is of guiding significance for the realization of "green uranium mining".
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Zhao
- China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhanxue Sun
- China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China.
| | - Yadan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Zhongkui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Xuegang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Pingchao Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
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Raja V, Neelakantan MA. Toxic uranium contamination in groundwater of Thoothukudi district, India: Evaluation of health risks using the geochemical and statistical approach. TOXIN REV 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2022.2150648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Velayutham Raja
- Chemistry Research Centre, National Engineering College, Kovilpatti, India
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Kazakis N, Busico G, Ntona MM, Philippou K, Kaprara E, Mitrakas M, Bannenberg M, Ioannidou A, Pashalidis I, Colombani N, Mastrocicco M, Voudouris K. The origin of Uranium in groundwater of the eastern Halkidiki region, northern Greece. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 812:152445. [PMID: 34942244 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Uranium (U) pollution in groundwater has become a serious problem worldwide. Even in low concentrations, U has both radiological and toxicological impacts on human health. In this study an integrated hydrogeological approach was applied to conceptualize an aquifer system, and determine the origin of U detected in the aquifer of the eastern Halkidiki region in northern Greece. Data from measurements of groundwater level and hydrochemical and stable isotope analyses of groundwater samples were applied to perform geochemical modeling and multivariate statistical analysis. The modeling and statistical analysis identified three hydrogeochemical groups within the studied hydro-system, and U(VI) as the dominant U species. The first group is linked to the deeper aquifer which is characterized by water-rock interactions with weathering products of granodiorite. In this group the dominant U species is uranyl phosphate and U concentration is 3.7 μg/L. The upper aquifer corresponds to the second hydrogeochemical group where U concentrations are mainly influenced by high concentrations of nitrogen species (NO3- and NO2-). Factor analysis further discriminated the upper aquifer into a saline coastal zone and an inland zone impacted by agricultural activities. The third hydrogeochemical group presents the highest concentration of U (up to 15 μg/L) in groundwater and corresponds to the internal aquifer system. The U within this system is triggered by the presence of Mn2+, while the long residence time of the groundwater contributes synergistically to the hydrogeochemical process. Manganese triggers U oxidation in parallel with Fe2+ precipitation that acts as a regulator of U concentration. Groundwater depletion of the upper aquifers promotes the up-coning of geothermal fluids from fault zones leading to increased concentrations of U in the mid-depth aquifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerantzis Kazakis
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Geology, Laboratory of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Gianluigi Busico
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Geology, Laboratory of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Maria-Margarita Ntona
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Geology, Laboratory of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Katerina Philippou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, 75, Kallipoleos Avenue, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Efthimia Kaprara
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Chemical Engineering, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Manassis Mitrakas
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Chemical Engineering, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Matthias Bannenberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, 75, Kallipoleos Avenue, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Alexandra Ioannidou
- Physics Department, Nuclear Physics Laboratory, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Pashalidis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, 75, Kallipoleos Avenue, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Nicolo Colombani
- Polytechnic University of Marche, Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Micol Mastrocicco
- University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Konstantinos Voudouris
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Geology, Laboratory of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Khalidy R, Santos RM. Assessment of geochemical modeling applications and research hot spots-a year in review. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:3351-3374. [PMID: 33651264 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-00862-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Geochemical modeling has been employed in several fields of science and engineering in recent years. This review seeks to provide an overview of case studies that applied geochemical modeling in the 2019 year, which includes over 250 articles. This review is intended to inform new users on the possibilities that geochemical modeling brings, while also informing existing and past users on its latest developments. The survey of studies was conducted with an emphasis on the modeling techniques, the objective of studies, the prevalent simulated variables and the use of specific software packages. The analysis showed that geochemical modeling is still predominantly employed in experimental projects and in the form of equilibrium modeling. PHREEQC and Visual MINTEQ were recognized as the most popular software packages for simulating a wide range of processes, using equilibrium or other geochemical modeling forms. The study of fluid-rock interactions and pollution and remediation processes can be regarded as the principal geochemical modeling objectives, constituting 37% and 36% of the reviewed studies, respectively. Focusing on fluid-rock interactions, hydrogeochemical processes, carbon capture and storage and enhanced oil recovery have been the main topics examined with geochemical modeling. Assessments of the toxicity of metals in terms of leachate and mobilization, as well as their removal from soil and water systems, have been major topics investigated with the aid of geochemical modeling in terms of pollution and remediation research. It was found that the scholars benefit from geochemical modeling in their research both as a main technique and as an accessory tool. Saturation index, elemental concentration and speciation, mineral mass and composition and pH were among the most common variables modeled in reviewed studies. Geochemical modeling has gained a wider user base in recent years, and many research groups have used it in consecutive studies to deepen knowledge. However, much potential for further dissemination still remains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Khalidy
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Rafael M Santos
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, Canada.
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Milena-Pérez A, Piñero-García F, Benavente J, Expósito-Suárez VM, Vacas-Arquero P, Ferro-García MA. Uranium content and uranium isotopic disequilibria as a tool to identify hydrogeochemical processes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2021; 227:106503. [PMID: 33296862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2020.106503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This paper studies the uranium content and uranium isotopic disequilibria as a tool to identify hydrogeochemical processes from 52 groundwater samples in the province of Granada (Betic Cordillera, southeastern Spain). According to the geological complexity of the zone, three groups of samples have been considered. In Group 1 (thermal waters; longest residence time), the average uranium content was 2.63 ± 0.16 μg/L, and 234U/238U activity ratios (AR) were the highest of all samples, averaging 1.92 ± 0.30. In Group 2 (mainly springs from carbonate aquifers; intermediate residence time), dissolved uranium presented an average value of 1.34 ± 0.13 μg/L, while AR average value was 1.38 ± 0.25. Group 3 comes from pumping wells in a highly anthropized alluvial aquifer. In this group, where the residence time of the groundwater is the shortest of the three, average uranium content was 5.28 ± 0.26 μg/L, and average AR is the lowest (1.17 ± 0.12). In addition, the high dissolved uranium value and the low AR brought to light the contribution of fertilizers (Group 3). In the three groups, 235U/238U activity ratios were similar to the natural value of 0.046. Therefore, 235U detected in the samples comes from natural sources. This study is completed with the determination of major ions and physicochemical parameters in the groundwater samples and the statistical analysis of the data by using the Principal Component Analysis. This calculation indicates the correlation between uranium isotopes and bicarbonate and nitrate anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Milena-Pérez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, CIEMAT, Avenida Complutense 40, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Radiochemistry and Environmental Radiology Laboratory, Inorganic Chemical Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18077, Granada, Spain.
| | - F Piñero-García
- Radiochemistry and Environmental Radiology Laboratory, Inorganic Chemical Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18077, Granada, Spain; Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gula Stråket 2B, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Benavente
- Water Research Institute, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - V M Expósito-Suárez
- Radiochemistry and Environmental Radiology Laboratory, Inorganic Chemical Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18077, Granada, Spain
| | - P Vacas-Arquero
- Radiochemistry and Environmental Radiology Laboratory, Inorganic Chemical Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18077, Granada, Spain
| | - M A Ferro-García
- Radiochemistry and Environmental Radiology Laboratory, Inorganic Chemical Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18077, Granada, Spain
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Eremin OV. Method for Calculating Changes in the Standard Gibbs Energies of Formation of Minerals that Belong to the Class of Uranophosphates. RADIOCHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1066362220040050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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