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Yuan L, Wang K, Zhao Q, Yang L, Wang G, Jiang M, Li L. An overview of in situ remediation for groundwater co-contaminated with heavy metals and petroleum hydrocarbons. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 349:119342. [PMID: 37890298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater is an important component of water resources. Mixed pollutants comprising heavy metals (HMs) and petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs) from industrial activities can contaminate groundwater through such processes as rainfall infiltration, runoff and discharge, which pose direct threats to human health through the food chain or drinking water. In situ remediation of contaminated groundwater is an important way to improve the quality of a water environment, develop water resources and ensure the safety of drinking water. Bioremediation and permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) were discussed in this paper as they were effective and affordable for in situ remediation of complex contaminated groundwater. In addition, media types, technology combinations and factors for the PRBs were highlighted. Finally, insights and outlooks were presented for in situ remediation technologies for complex groundwater contaminated with HMs and PHs. The selection of an in situ remediation technology should be site specific. The remediation of complex contaminated groundwater can be approached from various perspectives, including the development of economical materials, the production of slow-release and encapsulated materials, and a combination of multiple technologies. This review is expected to provide technical guidance and assistance for in situ remediation of complex contaminated groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luzi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Qingliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Guangzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Miao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Lili Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
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Budania R, Dangayach S. A comprehensive review on permeable reactive barrier for the remediation of groundwater contamination. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 332:117343. [PMID: 36758361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater quality is deteriorating due to contamination from both natural and anthropogenic sources. Traditional "Pump and Treat" techniques of treating the groundwater suffer from the disadvantages of a small-scale and energy-intensive approach. Permeable reactive barriers (PRBs), owing to their passive operation, offer a more sustainable strategy for remediation. This promising technique focuses on eliminating heavy metal pollutants and hazardous aromatic compounds by physisorption, chemisorption, precipitation, denitrification, and/or biodegradation. Researchers have utilized ZVI, activated carbon, natural and manufactured zeolites, and other by-products as reactive media barriers. Environmental parameters, i.e., pH, initial pollutant concentration, organic substance, dissolved oxygen, and reactive media by-products, all influence a PRB's performance. Although their long-term impact and performance are uncertain, PRBs are still evolving as viable alternatives to pump-and-treat techniques. The use of PRBs to remove anionic contaminants (e.g., Fluoride, Nitrate, etc.) has received less attention since precipitates can clog the reactive barrier and hinder groundwater flow. In this paper, we present an insight into this approach and the tremendous implications for future scientific study that integrates this strategy using sustainability and explores the viability of PRBs for anionic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Budania
- Department of Civil Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Sanyam Dangayach
- Department of Civil Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
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Zhang Y, Cao B, Yin H, Meng L, Jin W, Wang F, Xu J, Al-Tabbaa A. Application of zeolites in permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) for in-situ groundwater remediation: A critical review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136290. [PMID: 36058373 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Permeable reactive barrier (PRB) is one of the most promising in-situ groundwater remediation technologies due to its low costs and wide immobilization suitability for multiple contaminants. Reactive medium is a key component of PRBs and their selection needs to consider removal effectiveness as well as permeability. Zeolites have been extensively reported as reactive media owing to their high adsorption capacity, diverse pore structure and high stability. Moreover, the application of zeolites can reduce the PRBs fouling and clogging compared to reductants like zero-valence iron (ZVI) due to no formation of secondary precipitates, such as iron monosulfide, in spite of their reactivity to remove organics. This study gives a detailed review of lab-scale applications of zeolites in PRBs in terms of sorption characteristics, mechanisms, column performance and desorption features, as well as their field-scale applications to point out their application tendency in PRBs for contaminated groundwater remediation. On this basis, future prospects and suggestions for using zeolites in PRBs for groundwater remediation were put forward. This study provides a comprehensive and critical review of the lab-scale and field-scale applications of zeolites in PRBs and is expected to guide the future design and applications of adsorbents-based PRBs for groundwater remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhui Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom.
| | - Benyi Cao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom.
| | - Hailong Yin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Lite Meng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Wei Jin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Jian Xu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing, 210042, China.
| | - Abir Al-Tabbaa
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom.
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Obiri-Nyarko F, Kwiatkowska-Malina J, Kumahor SK, Malina G. Evaluating low-cost permeable adsorptive barriers for the removal of benzene from groundwater: Laboratory experiments and numerical modelling. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2022; 250:104054. [PMID: 35952492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2022.104054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Permeable adsorptive barriers (PABs) consisting of individual (compost, zeolite, and brown coal) and composite (brown coal-compost and zeolite-compost) adsorbents were evaluated for their hydraulic performance and effectiveness in removing aqueous benzene using batch and column experiments. Different adsorption isotherms and kinetic models and different formulations of the equilibrium advection-dispersion equation (ADE) were evaluated for their capabilities to describe the benzene sorption in the media. The batch experiments showed that the adsorption of benzene by the adsorbents was favourable and could be adequately described by the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Particle attrition and structural reorganization occurred in the columns, possibly introducing preferential flow paths and resulting in slight changes in the final hydraulic conductivity values (4.3 × 10-5 cm s-1-1.7 × 10-3 cm s-1) relative to the initial values (4.2 × 10-5 cm s-1-2.14 × 10-3 cm s-1). Despite the fact that preferential flow appeared to have an impact on the performance of the investigated adsorbents, the brown coal-compost mixture proved to be the most effective adsorbent. It significantly delayed benzene breakthrough (R = 29), indicating that it can be applied as a low-cost effective adsorbent in PABs for sustainable remediation of benzene-contaminated groundwater. The formulated transport models could fairly describe the behaviour of benzene in the investigated media under dynamic flow conditions; however, model refinement and additional experimental studies are needed before pilot/full-scale applications to improve the fits and verify the benzene removal processes. Our results generally demonstrate how such studies can be useful in evaluating potential reactive barrier materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jolanta Kwiatkowska-Malina
- Department of Spatial Planning and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography, Warsaw University of Technology, Pl Politechniki 1, 00-661 Warsaw, Poland.
| | | | - Grzegorz Malina
- Department of Hydrogeology and Engineering, Geology AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
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Vaezihir A, Pirkhezranian A, Sehati N, Hosseinzadeh MR, Salehi-Lisar SY, Sanderson H. Investigation of long-term hazards of chemical weapon agents in the environment of Sardasht area, Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:498-508. [PMID: 34333743 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15593-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the persistence and existence of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) and related dissipation products in the environment of Sardasht area, Iran. Three types of environmental samples including water, soil, and native local plant materials were collected and analyzed. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the electron impact ionization mode has been developed for the separation, screening, identification, and qualification of chemicals after the sample preparation methods. The initial results revealed that no trace of related compounds or CWAs was detected in the soil and water samples. However, trace amounts of some degradation products of blistering agents like mustard gas (HD) and lewisite were found in a tree wood from a house subjected to chemical attack as well as in barley samples (a mixture of leaves and root) collected from an agricultural field in the area indicating chronic low exposure to the environment and people. In order to validate the applied extraction procedures, ethylene glycol was spiked to some of the samples including groundwater, surface soil, grape, and alfalfa plants. All the recoveries were in the range of 83.6-107.4% with the relative standard deviations varying from 4.9% to 12.4% (n = 3) successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdorreza Vaezihir
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Tabriz, 29 Bahman Blvd, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran.
| | - Asra Pirkhezranian
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Tabriz, 29 Bahman Blvd, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Negar Sehati
- Central Laboratory of University of Zanjan, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | | | | | - Hans Sanderson
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
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Potential of Variovorax paradoxus isolate BFB1_13 for bioremediation of BTEX contaminated sites. AMB Express 2021; 11:126. [PMID: 34487274 PMCID: PMC8421498 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-021-01289-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report and discuss the applicability of Variovorax paradoxus strain BFB1_13 in the bioremediation of BTEX contaminated sites. Strain BFB1_13 was capable of degrading all the six BTEX-compounds under both aerobic (O2 conc. 8 mg l−1) and micro-aerobic/oxygen-limited (O2 conc. 0.5 mg l−1) conditions using either individual (8 mg‧l−1) or a mixture of compounds (~ 1.3 mg‧l−1 of each BTEX compound). The BTEX biodegradation capability of SBP-encapsulated cultures (SBP—Small Bioreactor Platform) was also assessed. The fastest degradation rate was observed in the case of aerobic benzene biodegradation (8 mg l−1 per 90 h). Complete biodegradation of other BTEX occurred after at least 168 h of incubation, irrespective of the oxygenation and encapsulation. No statistically significant difference was observed between aerobic and microaerobic BTEX biodegradation. Genes involved in BTEX biodegradation were annotated and degradation pathways were predicted based on whole-genome shotgun sequencing and metabolic analysis. We conclude that V. paradoxus strain BFB1_13 could be used for the development of reactive biobarriers for the containment and in situ decontamination of BTEX contaminated groundwater plumes. Our results suggest that V. paradoxus strain BFB1_13—alone or in co-culture with other BTEX degrading bacterial isolates—can be a new and efficient commercial bioremediation agent for BTEX contaminated sites.
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Evaluation for the Removal Efficiency of VOCs and Heavy Metals by Zeolites-Based Materials in the Wastewater: A Case Study in the Tito Scalo Industrial Area. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8111519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study was designed to demonstrate the efficiency of selected zeolites in the immobilization of heavy metals and volatile organic compounds from water in the industrial area of Tito Scalo (Basilicata Region in Southern Italy). The efficiency of zeolite materials has been evaluated by analyzing real water samples, by a multi-technique approach. Gas chromatography (GC) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) were selected for the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and heavy metals respectively, and then by thermal analysis (TG, DTA) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) to verify the presence of contaminants in the structural channels of the adsorbents. ZSM-5 zeolite (MFI topology) was suitable for volatile organic compounds, showing removal efficiencies 87%. 13X (FAU topology) was more selective for in situ abatements of heavy metals, with efficiencies up to 100%. After VOCs and heavy metals removal, structure refinements of loaded zeolites highlighted variations of both lattice parameters and extraframework content confirming the pollutants immobilization in the framework microporosities. The occurrence of these species was also confirmed by DTA curves showing different phenomena explained on the basis of the nature and number of extraframework species hosted in the zeolite micropores.
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