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Moreno E, Ciordia S, Fátima SM, Jiménez D, Martínez-Sanz J, Vizcarra P, Ron R, Sánchez-Conde M, Bargiela R, Sanchez-Carrillo S, Moreno S, Corrales F, Ferrer M, Serrano-Villar S. Proteomic snapshot of saliva samples predicts new pathways implicated in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. Clin Proteomics 2024; 21:37. [PMID: 38778280 PMCID: PMC11112864 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-024-09482-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information on the microbiome's human pathways and active members that can affect SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and pathogenesis in the salivary proteome is very scarce. Here, we studied a unique collection of samples harvested from April to June 2020 from unvaccinated patients. METHODS We compared 10 infected and hospitalized patients with severe (n = 5) and moderate (n = 5) coronavirus disease (COVID-19) with 10 uninfected individuals, including non-COVID-19 but susceptible individuals (n = 5) and non-COVID-19 and nonsusceptible healthcare workers with repeated high-risk exposures (n = 5). RESULTS By performing high-throughput proteomic profiling in saliva samples, we detected 226 unique differentially expressed (DE) human proteins between groups (q-value ≤ 0.05) out of 3376 unambiguously identified proteins (false discovery rate ≤ 1%). Major differences were observed between the non-COVID-19 and nonsusceptible groups. Bioinformatics analysis of DE proteins revealed human proteomic signatures related to inflammatory responses, central cellular processes, and antiviral activity associated with the saliva of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients (p-value ≤ 0.0004). Discriminatory biomarker signatures from human saliva include cystatins, protective molecules present in the oral cavity, calprotectins, involved in cell cycle progression, and histones, related to nucleosome functions. The expression levels of two human proteins related to protein transport in the cytoplasm, DYNC1 (p-value, 0.0021) and MAPRE1 (p-value, 0.047), correlated with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) plasma activity. Finally, the proteomes of microorganisms present in the saliva samples showed 4 main microbial functional features related to ribosome functioning that were overrepresented in the infected group. CONCLUSION Our study explores potential candidates involved in pathways implicated in SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility, although further studies in larger cohorts will be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Moreno
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Facultad de Medicina, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Carretera de Colmenar Viejo, Km 9.100, 28034, Madrid, Spain.
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sergio Ciordia
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santos Milhano Fátima
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Jiménez
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Facultad de Medicina, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Carretera de Colmenar Viejo, Km 9.100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Martínez-Sanz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Facultad de Medicina, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Carretera de Colmenar Viejo, Km 9.100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Vizcarra
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Facultad de Medicina, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Carretera de Colmenar Viejo, Km 9.100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Ron
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Facultad de Medicina, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Carretera de Colmenar Viejo, Km 9.100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Matilde Sánchez-Conde
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Facultad de Medicina, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Carretera de Colmenar Viejo, Km 9.100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Bargiela
- Centre for Environmental Biotechnology, School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, LL57 2UW, UK
| | - Sergio Sanchez-Carrillo
- Instituto de Catalisis y Petroleoquimica (ICP), CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBM), CSIC-UAM, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Moreno
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Facultad de Medicina, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Carretera de Colmenar Viejo, Km 9.100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Corrales
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Ferrer
- Instituto de Catalisis y Petroleoquimica (ICP), CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Serrano-Villar
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Facultad de Medicina, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Carretera de Colmenar Viejo, Km 9.100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
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Cai X, Dou R, Guo C, Tang J, Li X, Chen J, Zhang J. Cationic Polymers as Transfection Reagents for Nucleic Acid Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051502. [PMID: 37242744 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid therapy can achieve lasting and even curative effects through gene augmentation, gene suppression, and genome editing. However, it is difficult for naked nucleic acid molecules to enter cells. As a result, the key to nucleic acid therapy is the introduction of nucleic acid molecules into cells. Cationic polymers are non-viral nucleic acid delivery systems with positively charged groups on their molecules that concentrate nucleic acid molecules to form nanoparticles, which help nucleic acids cross barriers to express proteins in cells or inhibit target gene expression. Cationic polymers are easy to synthesize, modify, and structurally control, making them a promising class of nucleic acid delivery systems. In this manuscript, we describe several representative cationic polymers, especially biodegradable cationic polymers, and provide an outlook on cationic polymers as nucleic acid delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Multi-Disciplinary Research Division, Institute of High Energy Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rui Dou
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Multi-Disciplinary Research Division, Institute of High Energy Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chen Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Multi-Disciplinary Research Division, Institute of High Energy Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiaruo Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Multi-Disciplinary Research Division, Institute of High Energy Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiajuan Li
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jun Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Multi-Disciplinary Research Division, Institute of High Energy Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Multi-Disciplinary Research Division, Institute of High Energy Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
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3
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Wang H, Shan X, Ren M, Shang M, Zhou C. Nucleosomes enter cells by clathrin- and caveolin-dependent endocytosis. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:12306-12319. [PMID: 34865123 PMCID: PMC8643636 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab1121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA damage and apoptosis lead to the release of free nucleosomes-the basic structural repeating units of chromatin-into the blood circulation system. We recently reported that free nucleosomes that enter the cytoplasm of mammalian cells trigger immune responses by activating cGMP-AMP synthase (cGAS). In the present study, we designed experiments to reveal the mechanism of nucleosome uptake by human cells. We showed that nucleosomes are first absorbed on the cell membrane through nonspecific electrostatic interactions between positively charged histone N-terminal tails and ligands on the cell surface, followed by internalization via clathrin- or caveolae-dependent endocytosis. After cellular internalization, endosomal escape occurs rapidly, and nucleosomes are released into the cytosol, maintaining structural integrity for an extended period. The efficient endocytosis of extracellular nucleosomes suggests that circulating nucleosomes may lead to cellular disorders as well as immunostimulation, and thus, the biological effects exerted by endocytic nucleosomes should be addressed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiajing Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Mengtian Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Mengdi Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chuanzheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Dietrich J, Lovell S, Veatch OJ, Butler MG. PHIP gene variants with protein modeling, interactions, and clinical phenotypes. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 188:579-589. [PMID: 34773373 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Variants in the pleckstrin homology domain-interacting protein (PHIP) gene are implicated in the clinical phenotype of Chung-Jansen syndrome, which includes dysmorphic features, cognitive dysfunction, aberrant behavior, and childhood onset obesity. Following a systematic literature review, 35 patients are reported to have unique PHIP variants impacting the encoded protein product. We summarize the status and frequency of these variants and relationship to clinical presentation. We also describe an additional patient with a rare, pathogenic variant due to a five base pair deletion leading to an altered codon at I307 but with a stop codon at 22 codons downstream; notably, a variant was identified at the same location as seen previously at protein position I307 in one other subject and a frameshift change at that protein position. We compare the clinical characteristics between the two patients and analyze whether certain types of gene defects impact clinical presentation in previously reported individuals. In addition, we predict structural protein models, which yielded unique differences between the wild-type and I307P-related mutant truncated proteins. Protein-protein interactions indicate involvement of POMC and related proteins with potential contribution to obesity, congenital, neuromuscular, and lipid disorders with heart, gastrointestinal, and rheumatoid diseases. With its surrounding proline-rich region, the I307P point mutation increases susceptibility to conformational rigidity and thermodynamic stability, ultimately impacting function as well as a stop codon downstream. Furthermore, the frameshift mutation seen in our patient may result in a truncated protein with a short abnormal region prior to the stop codon due to a five base pair deletion at I307 or target the protein for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Dietrich
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Scott Lovell
- Protein Structure Laboratory, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Olivia J Veatch
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Merlin G Butler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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5
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Kumar R, Santa Chalarca CF, Bockman MR, Bruggen CV, Grimme CJ, Dalal RJ, Hanson MG, Hexum JK, Reineke TM. Polymeric Delivery of Therapeutic Nucleic Acids. Chem Rev 2021; 121:11527-11652. [PMID: 33939409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The advent of genome editing has transformed the therapeutic landscape for several debilitating diseases, and the clinical outlook for gene therapeutics has never been more promising. The therapeutic potential of nucleic acids has been limited by a reliance on engineered viral vectors for delivery. Chemically defined polymers can remediate technological, regulatory, and clinical challenges associated with viral modes of gene delivery. Because of their scalability, versatility, and exquisite tunability, polymers are ideal biomaterial platforms for delivering nucleic acid payloads efficiently while minimizing immune response and cellular toxicity. While polymeric gene delivery has progressed significantly in the past four decades, clinical translation of polymeric vehicles faces several formidable challenges. The aim of our Account is to illustrate diverse concepts in designing polymeric vectors towards meeting therapeutic goals of in vivo and ex vivo gene therapy. Here, we highlight several classes of polymers employed in gene delivery and summarize the recent work on understanding the contributions of chemical and architectural design parameters. We touch upon characterization methods used to visualize and understand events transpiring at the interfaces between polymer, nucleic acids, and the physiological environment. We conclude that interdisciplinary approaches and methodologies motivated by fundamental questions are key to designing high-performing polymeric vehicles for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | | | - Matthew R Bockman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Craig Van Bruggen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Christian J Grimme
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Rishad J Dalal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Mckenna G Hanson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Joseph K Hexum
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Theresa M Reineke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Pan Y, Barba‐Bon A, Tian H, Ding F, Hennig A, Nau WM, Guo D. An Amphiphilic Sulfonatocalix[5]arene as an Activator for Membrane Transport of Lysine‐rich Peptides and Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:1875-1882. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Chen Pan
- College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Andrea Barba‐Bon
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen Campus Ring 1 28759 Bremen Germany
| | - Han‐Wen Tian
- College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Fei Ding
- College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Andreas Hennig
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen Campus Ring 1 28759 Bremen Germany
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials and School of Biology/Chemistry Universität Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
- Center of Cellular Nanoanalytics (CellNanOs) Universität Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
| | - Werner M. Nau
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen Campus Ring 1 28759 Bremen Germany
| | - Dong‐Sheng Guo
- College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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7
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Pan Y, Barba‐Bon A, Tian H, Ding F, Hennig A, Nau WM, Guo D. An Amphiphilic Sulfonatocalix[5]arene as an Activator for Membrane Transport of Lysine‐rich Peptides and Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Chen Pan
- College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Andrea Barba‐Bon
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen Campus Ring 1 28759 Bremen Germany
| | - Han‐Wen Tian
- College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Fei Ding
- College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Andreas Hennig
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen Campus Ring 1 28759 Bremen Germany
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials and School of Biology/Chemistry Universität Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
- Center of Cellular Nanoanalytics (CellNanOs) Universität Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
| | - Werner M. Nau
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen Campus Ring 1 28759 Bremen Germany
| | - Dong‐Sheng Guo
- College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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Zhao X, Tang D, Wu Y, Chen S, Wang C. An artificial cell system for biocompatible gene delivery in cancer therapy. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:10189-10195. [PMID: 32355942 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr09131a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The gene therapy of cancer is generally recognized as a promising approach for the reversal of neoplastic progress of cancer cells. However, the lack of biocompatibility as well as highly available carriers is the bottleneck in gene therapy. In recent years, with the advances of understanding in cell signaling and cell based functions, the development of cell mimic carriers is showing great potential in evaluating the anticancer efficacy of drugs. Here in our study, an artificial cell (AC) system was fabricated to mimic the gene protection and transfection functions of cancer cells using cancer cell derived histone and membranes. As expected, the AC showed high biocompatibility as well as preferable gene transfection capability both in vitro and in vivo, and might be a promising tool for the flexible assembly of cell mimic systems in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang, Henan, P. R. China
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Arabzadeh S, Amiri Tehranizadeh Z, Moalemzadeh Haghighi H, Charbgoo F, Ramezani M, Soltani F. Design, Synthesis, and In Vitro Evaluation of Low Molecular Weight Protamine (LMWP)-Based Amphiphilic Conjugates as Gene Delivery Carriers. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:111. [PMID: 30756255 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1235-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of efficient non-viral carriers is one of the major challenges of gene delivery. In the current study, we designed, synthesized, and evaluated the in vitro gene delivery efficiency of novel amphiphilic constructs composed of cholesterol and low molecular weight protamine (LMWP: VSRRRRRRGGRRRR) peptide. Vectors having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties were evaluated in terms of particle size and charge, DNA condensation ability, cytotoxicity, and gene transfection efficiency. The prepared vectors spontaneity self-assembled into the liposome-like particles with a high local positive density. The nano-vehicle A (H5-LMWP-Cholestrol) and nano-vehicle B (LMWP-Cholesterol) could form micelles at concentrations above 50 μg/mL and 65 μg/mL, respectively. The gel retardation assay showed that nano-vehicles A and B could condense pDNA more efficiently than the corresponding unconjugated peptides. The mean of size and zeta potential of complexed nano-vehicle A at N/P ratios of 5, 15, and 30 were 151 nm and 23 mv, and those of nano-vehicle B were 224 nm and 19 mv, respectively. In terms of transfection efficiency, the designed nano-vehicles showed almost two-fold higher gene expression level compared to PEI 25 kDa at optimal N/P ratios, and also exhibited negligible cytotoxicity on a model cancer cell, Neuro 2a. The findings of the present study revealed that these cationic micelles can be promising candidates as non-viral gene delivery vehicles.
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Han H, Yang J, Chen W, Li Q, Yang Y, Li Q. A comprehensive review on histone-mediated transfection for gene therapy. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 37:132-144. [PMID: 30472306 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Histone has been considered to be an effective carrier in non-viral gene delivery due to its unique properties such as efficient DNA binding ability, direct translocation to cytoplasm and favorable nuclear localization ability. Meanwhile, the rapid development of genetic engineering techniques could facilitate the construction of multifunctional fusion proteins based on histone molecules to further improve the transfection efficiency. Remarkably, histone has been demonstrated to achieve gene transfection in a synergistic manner with cationic polymers, affording to a significant improvement of transfection efficiency. In the review, we highlighted the recent developments and future trends in gene delivery mediated by histones or histone-based fusion proteins/peptides. This review also discussed the mechanism of histone-mediated gene transfection and provided an outlook for future therapeutic opportunities in the viewpoint of transfection efficacy and biosafety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haobo Han
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jiebing Yang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Wenqi Chen
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Qing Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Quanshun Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
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Li J, Han Y, Lu Y, Song B, Zhao M, Hu H, Chen D. A novel disulfide bond-mediated cleavable RGD-modified PAMAM nanocomplex containing nuclear localization signal HMGB1 for enhancing gene transfection efficiency. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:7135-7153. [PMID: 30464464 PMCID: PMC6228086 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s182445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers modified by polyethylene glycol (PEG) have frequently been investigated as a delivery carrier for gene therapy. However, modification of PAMAM with PEG using covalent linkage significantly reduces the cellular uptake rate and the transfection efficiency. How to conquer these barriers becomes a burning question in gene delivery. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study constructed an effective disulfide bond-mediated cleavable RGD modified gene delivery system to overcome the aforementioned limitations. The disulfide bond was introduced between PAMAM dendrimers and PEG chains to realize the cleavage of PEG from the carrier system, whereas the arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) peptide was expected to promote the cellular uptake rate. A high mobility group Box 1 (HMGB1) protein containing nuclear localization signal (NLS) was simultaneously introduced to further promote gene expression efficiency. A pDNA/HMGB1/PAMAM-SS-PEG-RGD (DHP) nanocomplex was prepared via electrostatic interaction and characterized. RESULTS The results showed that DHP generated small particles and was able to condense and protect pDNA against degradation. In addition, the RGD peptide could significantly promote the cellular uptake of a nanocomplex. Intracellular trafficking and in vitro expression study indicated that the DHP nanocomplex escaped from lysosomes and the disulfide bonds between PAMAM and PEG cleaved due to the high concentration of GSH in the cytoplasm, pDNA consequently became exclusively located in the nucleus under the guidance of HMGB1, thereby promoting the red fluorescence protein (RFP) expression. Importantly, an in vivo antitumor activity study demonstrated that the DHP nanocomplex had higher antitumor activity than any other reference preparation. CONCLUSION All these results confirm that DHP could be a new strategy for improving the transfection and expression efficiency in gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China, ;
| | - Yuting Han
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China, ;
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China, ;
| | - Baohui Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China, ;
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China, ;
| | - Haiyang Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China, ;
| | - Dawei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China, ;
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Chen B, Wu C. Cationic cell penetrating peptide modified SNARE protein VAMP8 as free chains for gene delivery. Biomater Sci 2018; 6:2647-2655. [PMID: 30137108 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm00672e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Previously, our group carried out a series of studies using branched polyethyleneimine with 25 000 g mol-1 molar mass (bPEI-25k) as a gene delivery vector and came up with the theory that free cationic chains un-complexed with plasmid DNA (pDNA) can greatly increase the gene transfection efficiency and influence the intracellular delivery process. These free chains can penetrate the membrane quickly, with some of them embedded inside the lipid bi-layers. The "stuck-out" cationic chain ends would shield the signal protein, prevent/delay the development of the later endolysosomes and enhance the efficiency of gene delivery. To mimic the effect of cationic polymers, we selected to use vesicle associated membrane protein-8 (VAMP8) and modified its N-terminus with different cationic cell penetrating peptides (CPPs). The modified fusion proteins are expressed in an Escherichia coli system and purified after extraction. These modified VAMP8 proteins are used as free chains for gene transfection, while using bPEI-25k to condense the pDNA. The results show that the gene transfection efficiency of bPEI-25k/pDNA polyplexes is obviously enhanced in the 293 T cell line. Furthermore, the gene sequences encoding these modified VAMP8 proteins are sub-cloned to pcDNA-3.1 vector and then transferred to 293 T before the treatment with bPEI-25k/pDNA polyplexes. From the result, the transfection efficiency of bPEI-25k/pDNA complexes is enhanced at a similar level to that using modified VAMP8 as free chains. Our current results prove that free cationic chains are probably embedded with the membrane and influence intracellular trafficking, pointing out a new idea to design an effective non-viral gene delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baizhu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.
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13
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Li W, Liu D, Wang Q, Hu H, Chen D. Self-assembled CaP-based hybrid nanoparticles to enhance gene transfection efficiency in vitro and in vivo: beneficial utilization of PEGylated bisphosphate and nucleus locating signal. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:3466-3474. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00525g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate (CaP) nanoparticles have been considered as a non-viral gene delivery vehicle, but the weakness of inconsistent and low transfection efficiencies is limited to its progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- P. R. China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- P. R. China
| | - Qiqi Wang
- Department of traditional Chinese medicine
- School of Wuya
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- P. R. China
| | - Haiyang Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- P. R. China
| | - Dawei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- P. R. China
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14
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Kong X, Wu X, Pei C, Zhang J, Zhao X, Li L, Nie G, Li X. H2A and Ca-L-hipposin gene: Characteristic analysis and expression responses to Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Carassius aurutus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 63:344-352. [PMID: 28223110 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptide is an important component of the host innate immune system and thus serves a crucial function in host defense against microbial invasion. In this study, H2A and derived antimicrobial peptide Ca-L-hipposin were cloned and characterized in Carassius aurutus. The gene H2A full-length cDNA is 908 bp and includes a 5'-terminal untranslated region (UTR) of 55 bp and a 3'-terminal UTR of 466 bp with a canonical polyadenylation signal sequence AATAA, as well as an open reading frame (ORF) of 387 bp encoding a polypeptide of 128 amino acids, with a molecular weight of 13.7 kDa, an isoelectric point of 10.7, and 94% homology with Danio rerio H2A. The secondary structure of H2A includes the α-spiral with 51 amino acids with a composition ratio of 39.8%, as well as a β-corner with 15 amino acids in a composition ratio of 11.7%. The online software ExPaSy predicted that a peptide sequence with 51 amino acids from the 2nd to 52nd amino acids in histone H2A can be produced through hydrolization by protease chymotrypsin, which indicates a difference of only three amino acids, compared with the antimicrobial peptide hipposin in Hippoglossus hippoglossus with a homology of 94%. Ca-L-hipposin includes 51 amino acids with a molecular weight of 5.4 kDa and an isoelectric point of 12.0, the secondary structure of which contains an α-helix of 17 amino acids accounting for 33.3% and a β-corner of 8 amino acids accounting for 15.7%. H2A was extensively expressed in the mRNA levels of various tissues, with higher expression levels in kidney and spleen. After C. aurutus was challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila, the mRNA expression levels of H2A were upregulated in the kidney, spleen, and liver. H2A serves an important function in the defense against the invasion of A. hydrophila. In addition, sequence characteristics reveal that Ca-L-hipposin could be a potential antimicrobial peptide for use in killing pathogenic bacteria in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Kong
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| | - Xiangmin Wu
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Chao Pei
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xianliang Zhao
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Guoxing Nie
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xuejun Li
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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15
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Nishihara M, Kanda GN, Suzuki T, Yamakado S, Harashima H, Kamiya H. Enhanced transgene expression by plasmid-specific recruitment of histone acetyltransferase. J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 123:277-280. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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16
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Ahmed M. Peptides, polypeptides and peptide–polymer hybrids as nucleic acid carriers. Biomater Sci 2017; 5:2188-2211. [DOI: 10.1039/c7bm00584a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Peptide, polypeptide and polymer–peptide hybrid based nucleic acid therapeutics (NAT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marya Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry & School of Sustainable Design and Engineering
- University of Prince Edward Island
- Charlottetown
- Canada
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17
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Munsell EV, Ross NL, Sullivan MO. Journey to the Center of the Cell: Current Nanocarrier Design Strategies Targeting Biopharmaceuticals to the Cytoplasm and Nucleus. Curr Pharm Des 2016; 22:1227-44. [PMID: 26675220 DOI: 10.2174/1381612822666151216151420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
New biopharmaceutical molecules, potentially able to provide more personalized and effective treatments, are being identified through the advent of advanced synthetic biology strategies, sophisticated chemical synthesis approaches, and new analytical methods to assess biological potency. However, translation of many of these structures has been significantly limited due to the need for more efficient strategies to deliver macromolecular therapeutics to desirable intracellular sites of action. Engineered nanocarriers that encapsulate peptides, proteins, or nucleic acids are generally internalized into target cells via one of several endocytic pathways. These nanostructures, entrapped within endosomes, must navigate the intracellular milieu to orchestrate delivery to the intended destination, typically the cytoplasm or nucleus. For therapeutics active in the cytoplasm, endosomal escape continues to represent a limiting step to effective treatment, since a majority of nanocarriers trapped within endosomes are ultimately marked for enzymatic degradation in lysosomes. Therapeutics active in the nucleus have the added challenges of reaching and penetrating the nuclear envelope, and nuclear delivery remains a preeminent challenge preventing clinical translation of gene therapy applications. Herein, we review cutting-edge peptide- and polymer-based design strategies with the potential to enable significant improvements in biopharmaceutical efficacy through improved intracellular targeting. These strategies often mimic the activities of pathogens, which have developed innate and highly effective mechanisms to penetrate plasma membranes and enter the nucleus of host cells. Understanding these mechanisms has enabled advances in synthetic peptide and polymer design that may ultimately improve intracellular trafficking and bioavailability, leading to increased access to new classes of biotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Millicent O Sullivan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, DE 19716, Delaware.
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18
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Cui PF, Zhuang WR, Qiao JB, Zhang JL, He YJ, Luo CQ, Jin QR, Xing L, Jiang HL. Histone-inspired biomimetic polymeric gene vehicles with excellent biocompatibility and enhanced transfection efficacy. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01703g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Histone-inspired biomimetic polymeric gene vectors show great biocompatibility and enhanced transfection efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Wan-Ru Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Jian-Bin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Jia-Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Yu-Jing He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Cheng-Qiong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Qing-Ri Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology
- Zhejiang A&F University
- Lin'an
- China
| | - Lei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Hu-Lin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
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19
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Hayashi G, Sueoka T, Okamoto A. In vitro and in cell analysis of chemically synthesized histone H2A with multiple modifications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:4999-5002. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc10555b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The chemical synthetic route to histone H2A is described. An H2A–H2B dimer, histone octamer, and nucleosome were reconstituted with the synthetic H2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gosuke Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology
- The University of Tokyo
- Bunkyo-ku
- Japan
| | - Takuma Sueoka
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology
- The University of Tokyo
- Bunkyo-ku
- Japan
| | - Akimitsu Okamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology
- The University of Tokyo
- Bunkyo-ku
- Japan
- Address Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology
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20
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Elmer JJ, Christensen MD, Barua S, Lehrman J, Haynes KA, Rege K. The histone deacetylase inhibitor Entinostat enhances polymer-mediated transgene expression in cancer cell lines. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 113:1345-1356. [PMID: 26614912 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells maintain an immense amount of genetic information by tightly wrapping their DNA around positively charged histones. While this strategy allows human cells to maintain more than 25,000 genes, histone binding can also block gene expression. Consequently, cells express histone acetyl transferases (HATs) to acetylate histone lysines and release DNA for transcription. Conversely, histone deacetylases (HDACs) are employed for restoring the positive charge on the histones, thereby silencing gene expression by increasing histone-DNA binding. It has previously been shown that histones bind and silence viral DNA, while hyperacetylation of histones via HDAC inhibition restores viral gene expression. In this study, we demonstrate that treatment with Entinostat, an HDAC inhibitor, enhances transgene (luciferase) expression by up to 25-fold in human prostate and murine bladder cancer cell lines when used with cationic polymers for plasmid DNA delivery. Entinostat treatment altered cell cycle progression, resulting in a significant increase in the fraction of cells present in the G0/G1 phase at low micromolar concentrations. While this moderate G0/G1 arrest disappeared at higher concentrations, a modest increase in the fraction of apoptotic cells and a decrease in cell proliferation were observed, consistent with the known anticancer effects of the drug. DNase accessibility studies revealed no significant change in plasmid transcriptional availability with Entinostat treatment. However, quantitative PCR studies indicated that Entinostat treatment, at the optimal dose for enhancing transgene expression, led to an increase in the amount of plasmid present in the nucleus in two cancer cell lines. Taken together, our results show that Entinostat enhances polymer- mediated transgene expression and can be useful in applications related to transient protein expression in mammalian cells. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 1345-1356. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob J Elmer
- Chemical Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287
| | | | - Sutapa Barua
- Chemical Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287
| | - Jennifer Lehrman
- Harrington Biomedical Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
| | - Karmella A Haynes
- Harrington Biomedical Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
| | - Kaushal Rege
- Chemical Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287
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21
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Zannikou M, Bellou S, Eliades P, Hatzioannou A, Mantzaris MD, Carayanniotis G, Avrameas S, Lymberi P. DNA-histone complexes as ligands amplify cell penetration and nuclear targeting of anti-DNA antibodies via energy-independent mechanisms. Immunology 2015; 147:73-81. [PMID: 26447818 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We have generated three monoclonal cell-penetrating antibodies (CPAbs) from a non-immunized lupus-prone (NZB × NZW)F1 mouse that exhibited high anti-DNA serum titres. These CPAbs are polyreactive because they bind to DNA and other cellular components, and localize mainly in the nucleus of HeLa cells, albeit with a distinct nuclear labelling profile. Herein, we have examined whether DNA-histone complexes (DHC) binding to CPAbs, before cell entry, could modify the cell penetration of CPAbs or their nuclear staining properties. By applying confocal microscopy and image analysis, we found that extracellular binding of purified CPAbs to DHC significantly enhanced their subsequent cell-entry, both in terms of percentages of positively labelled cells and fluorescence intensity (internalized CPAb amount), whereas there was a variable effect on their nuclear staining profile. Internalization of CPAbs, either alone or bound to DHC, remained unaltered after the addition of endocytosis-specific inhibitors at 37° or assay performance at 4°, suggesting the involvement of energy-independent mechanisms in the internalization process. These findings assign to CPAbs a more complex pathogenetic role in systemic lupus erythematosus where both CPAbs and nuclear components are abundant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markella Zannikou
- Immunology Laboratory, Immunology Department, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Sofia Bellou
- Division of Biomedical Research, Foundation of Research and Technology-Hellas, Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, University Campus, Ioannina, Greece.,Department of Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, Kozani, Greece
| | - Petros Eliades
- Immunology Laboratory, Immunology Department, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Hatzioannou
- Immunology Laboratory, Immunology Department, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Michael D Mantzaris
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - George Carayanniotis
- Division of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL, Canada
| | - Stratis Avrameas
- Immunology Laboratory, Immunology Department, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Peggy Lymberi
- Immunology Laboratory, Immunology Department, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
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22
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Howard CJ, Yu RR, Gardner ML, Shimko JC, Ottesen JJ. Chemical and biological tools for the preparation of modified histone proteins. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2015; 363:193-226. [PMID: 25863817 DOI: 10.1007/128_2015_629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic chromatin is a complex and dynamic system in which the DNA double helix is organized and protected by interactions with histone proteins. This system is regulated through a large network of dynamic post-translational modifications (PTMs) which ensure proper gene transcription, DNA repair, and other processes involving DNA. Homogenous protein samples with precisely characterized modification sites are necessary to understand better the functions of modified histone proteins. Here, we discuss sets of chemical and biological tools developed for the preparation of modified histones, with a focus on the appropriate choice of tool for a given target. We start with genetic approaches for the creation of modified histones, including the incorporation of genetic mimics of histone modifications, chemical installation of modification analogs, and the use of the expanded genetic code to incorporate modified amino acids. We also cover the chemical ligation techniques which have been invaluable in the generation of complex modified histones indistinguishable from their natural counterparts. We end with a prospectus on future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecil J Howard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and The Ohio State Biochemistry Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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23
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Arutyunov D, Szymanski CM. A novel DNA-binding protein from Campylobacter jejuni bacteriophage NCTC12673. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2015; 362:fnv160. [PMID: 26363017 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnv160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously suggested that the double-stranded genomic DNA of Campylobacter jejuni bacteriophage NCTC12673 was complexed with proteins. Mass spectrometry of peptides obtained from tryptic digests of purified phage DNA indicated that phage protein Gp001 co-purified with the DNA. Gp001 is an acidic protein that lacks any obvious homology or conserved domains found in known DNA-binding proteins. The DNA-binding ability of recombinant Gp001 was examined using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Slow DNA-Gp001 complex formation was observed at pH 5.5, but not at neutral or basic pH. This nucleoprotein complex had difficulty entering agarose gels used in the assay while proteinase K pretreatment released the DNA from the complex. No mobility shift was observed when the DNA was immediately subjected to electrophoresis after mixing with Gp001, even if both components were separately pre-incubated at pH 5.5. The complexed DNA was unable to transform chemically competent Escherichia coli cells and was less susceptible to degradation by nucleases. The formation of Gp001-DNA complexes at low pH may provide a mechanism for maintaining DNA integrity while the phage pursues its host through the gastrointestinal tract. Also, this feature can potentially be used to improve DNA delivery protocols applied in gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Arutyunov
- Department of Biological Sciences and Alberta Glycomics Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christine M Szymanski
- Department of Biological Sciences and Alberta Glycomics Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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24
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Vvedenskii AV, Sizova SV, Kuzmich AI. The physicochemical properties of histone H2A and modified histone H2A-TAT complexes with plasmid DNA. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350915050231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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25
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Han H, Shi H, Wu D, Li C, Zhang Y, Xing Z, Shi W, Li Q. Genipin-Cross-Linked Thermophilic Histone-Polyethylenimine as a Hybrid Gene Carrier. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:575-578. [PMID: 35596288 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A hybrid gene carrier, HGP, has been successfully constructed through the genipin-mediated cross-linking of thermophilic histone and PEI25K. The thermophilic histone gene GK2215 was cloned from Geobacillus kastophilus HTA426 and overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21. The thermophilic histone was systematically characterized and then cross-linked with PEI25K by genipin to obtain HGP. Notably, HGP exhibited superior transfection efficiency due to the synergistic effects between these two components: PEI25K mainly contributed to the condensation and transfer of pDNA, while thermophilic histone could enhance the endosomal escape and further nuclear location to achieve high gene expression. Meanwhile, HGP showed much lower cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity than PEI25K due to the introduction of nontoxic thermophilic histone. In addition, a strong intrinsic red fluorescence could be obviously observed in HGP. In conclusion, the protein-polymer hybrid carrier could potentially be used as a theranostic delivery system for achieving both efficient gene therapy and in vivo imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haobo Han
- Key Laboratory for Molecular
Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life
Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hui Shi
- Key Laboratory for Molecular
Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life
Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular
Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life
Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chunjie Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular
Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life
Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular
Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life
Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhen Xing
- Key Laboratory for Molecular
Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life
Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Key Laboratory for Molecular
Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life
Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Quanshun Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular
Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life
Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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26
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Nastasie MS, Thissen H, Jans DA, Wagstaff KM. Enhanced tumour cell nuclear targeting in a tumour progression model. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:76. [PMID: 25885577 PMCID: PMC4342815 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1045-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an urgent need for new approaches to deliver bioactive molecules to cancer cells efficiently and specifically. METHODS Here we fuse the cancer cell nuclear targeting module of the Chicken Anaemia Virus Apoptin protein to the core histones H2B and H3 and utilise them in transfection, protein transduction and DNA binding assays. RESULTS We found subsequent nuclear accumulation of these proteins to be 2-3 fold higher in tumour compared to normal cells in transfected isogenic human osteosarcoma and breast tumour progression models. This represents the first demonstration of enhanced nuclear targeting by Apoptin in a tumour progression model, and its functionality in a heterologous protein context. Excitingly, we found that the innate transduction ability of histones could be exploited in combination with the Apoptin nuclear targeting module to effect an overall 13-fold higher delivery of protein to osteosarcoma cancer cell nuclei compared to their isogenic normal counterparts. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of cancer-cell specificity by a cell penetrating protein, with important implications for the use of protein transduction as a vehicle for gene/drug delivery in the future, and in particular in the development of highly specific and effective anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Nastasie
- Nuclear Signalling Laboratory, Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
| | - Helmut Thissen
- CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia.
| | - David A Jans
- Nuclear Signalling Laboratory, Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
| | - Kylie M Wagstaff
- Nuclear Signalling Laboratory, Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
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27
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Shi H, Han H, Xing Z, Chen J, Wang Y, Zhang A, Shi W, Li Q. A protein–polymer hybrid gene carrier based on thermophilic histone and polyethylenimine. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj01272d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Protein–polymer hybrid gene carrier with high transfection efficiency and low cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shi
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education
- School of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Haobo Han
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education
- School of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Zhen Xing
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education
- School of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Jiawen Chen
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education
- School of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Yudi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education
- School of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Aijun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education
- School of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Wei Shi
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education
- School of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Quanshun Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education
- School of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
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Åberg M, Eriksson O, Mokhtari D, Siegbahn A. Tissue factor/factor VIIa induces cell survival and gene transcription by transactivation of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor. Thromb Haemost 2013; 111:748-60. [PMID: 24336871 DOI: 10.1160/th13-07-0593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) is known to promote survival and has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of several disease states, including cardiovascular disorders and cancer. Recently, we showed that binding of coagulation factor VIIa (FVIIa) to its receptor tissue factor (TF) protects cancer cells from TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis. Here we present evidence that this biological function of TF/FVIIa is dependent on the IGF-1R. IGF-1R inhibitors AG1024 and PPP as well as siRNA-mediated downregulation of IGF-1R, abolished the TF/FVIIa-mediated protection against TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Moreover, FVIIa rapidly induced a time- and concentration-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of the IGF-1R in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and in primary human monocytes, an event that was accompanied by IGF-1R chromatin binding and gene transcription. We hereby present novel evidence of a cross-talk between the coagulation and IGF-1R signalling systems, and propose that the IGF-1R is a key player in mediating TF/FVIIa-induced cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Agneta Siegbahn
- Prof. Agneta Siegbahn, MD, PhD, FESC, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry and Science for Life Laboratory, University Hospital, Entr. 61 3rd floor, S-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden, E-mail: , Tel.: +46 186114251, Fax: +46 18552562
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Wang M, Hu H, Sun Y, Qiu L, Zhang J, Guan G, Zhao X, Qiao M, Cheng L, Cheng L, Chen D. A pH-sensitive gene delivery system based on folic acid-PEG-chitosan – PAMAM-plasmid DNA complexes for cancer cell targeting. Biomaterials 2013; 34:10120-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Parhiz H, Shier WT, Ramezani M. From rationally designed polymeric and peptidic systems to sophisticated gene delivery nano-vectors. Int J Pharm 2013; 457:237-59. [PMID: 24060371 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lack of safe, efficient and controllable methods for delivering therapeutic genes appears to be the most important factor preventing human gene therapy. Safety issues encountered with viral vectors have prompted substantial attention to in vivo investigations with non-viral vectors throughout the past decade. However, developing non-viral vectors with effectiveness comparable to viral ones has been a challenge. The strategy of designing multifunctional synthetic carriers targeting several extracellular and intracellular barriers in the gene transfer pathway has emerged as a promising approach to improving the efficacy of gene delivery systems. This review will explain how sophisticated synthetic vectors can be created by combining conventional polycationic vectors such as polyethylenimine and basic amino acid peptides with additional polymers and peptides that are designed to overcome potential barriers to the gene delivery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Parhiz
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 91775-1365, Mashhad, Iran
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Wang Y, Zhang L, Guo S, Hatefi A, Huang L. Incorporation of histone derived recombinant protein for enhanced disassembly of core-membrane structured liposomal nanoparticles for efficient siRNA delivery. J Control Release 2013; 172:179-189. [PMID: 23978682 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A novel recombinant protein tetra-H2A (TH) derived from histone H2A has been developed to replace protamine as a conditionally reversible, nucleic acid condensing agent. The novel protein will address the insufficient release of nucleic acid therapeutics, which is captured by protamine for siRNA delivery. TH is composed of 4 tandem repeats of the histone H2A N-terminal sequence, intervened by the cathepsin D cleavage site. The repeating H2A sequence enhances the binding affinity to anionic nucleic acids, forming more stable condensates, as demonstrated by the binding affinity assay. The TH/siRNA condensates are formulated into a core-membrane structured liposomal nanoparticle (NP). The endosomes of cancer cells are rich in cathepsin D, allowing on-site degradation of TH and facilitating the intracellular release of siRNA. The NPs assembled with TH produced a higher silencing efficiency of target genes in vitro and in vivo than the NPs assembled with protamine as the nucleic acid condensing agent. The exploitation of TH in the NP formulation exhibited a biocompatibility profile similar to that of protamine, with minimal immunostimulating and systemic toxicity observed after repeated administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Wang
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA.
| | - Lu Zhang
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Shutao Guo
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Arash Hatefi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, University of Rutgers, Piscataway, USA
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
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32
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Abstract
To improve the nuclear-targeted delivery of non-viral vectors, extensive effort has been carried out on the development of smart vectors which could overcome multiple barriers. The nuclear envelope presents a major barrier to transgene delivery. Viruses are capable of crossing the nuclear envelope to efficiently deliver their genome into the nucleus through the specialized protein components. However, non-viral vectors are preferred over viral ones because of the safety concerns associated with the latter. Non-viral delivery systems have been designed to include various types of components to enable nuclear translocation at the periphery of the nucleus. This review summarizes the progress of research regarding nuclear transport mechanisms. "Smart" non-viral vectors that have been modified by peptides and other small molecules are able to facilitate the nuclear translocation and enhance the efficacy of gene expression. The resulting technology may also enhance delivery of other macromolecules to the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yao
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC , USA and
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Sheng R, Xia K, Chen J, Xu Y, Cao A. Terminal modification on mPEG-dendritic poly-(l)-lysine cationic diblock copolymer for efficient gene delivery. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2013; 24:1935-51. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2013.811008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruilong Sheng
- Laboratory for Polymer Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Kejia Xia
- Laboratory for Polymer Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jian Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yuhong Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Amin Cao
- Laboratory for Polymer Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
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34
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Ding Y, Zhang H, Li Y, Wu D, He S, Wang Y, Li Y, Wang F, Niu J. Inhibition of HCV 5'-NTR and core expression by a small hairpin RNA delivered by a histone gene carrier, HPhA. Int J Med Sci 2013; 10:957-64. [PMID: 23801881 PMCID: PMC3691793 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.5632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
siRNA (small interfering RNA) interference represents an exciting new technology that could have therapeutic applications for the treatment of viral infections. However, a major challenge in the use of siRNA as a therapeutic agent is the development of a suitable delivery system. We demonstrated that a new non-viral transgene carrier, recombinant archaeal histone from the hyperthermophile Pyrococcus horikoshii OT3 (HPhA), can transfect short hairpin RNA (shRNA) expressing plasmids into HL-7702 cells to inhibit the expression of HCV 5'NTR and Core protein and mRNA. Plasmids Psilencirle transfected by HPhA inhibited the expression of HCV 5'-NTR and Core protein and mRNA in HL-7702 cells. The transfection efficiency of HPhA in HL-7702 cells was not affected by 10% fetal calf serum (FCS). HPhA exhibited effects of transfection without apparent toxicity, and with high affinity for DNA. This suggests that HPhA may be useful for RNAi-based gene therapy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Ding
- Phase I Clinical Trial Unit, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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35
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Kamiya H, Miyamoto S, Goto H, Kanda GN, Kobayashi M, Matsuoka I, Harashima H. Enhanced transgene expression from chromatinized plasmid DNA in mouse liver. Int J Pharm 2012; 441:146-50. [PMID: 23247018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Revised: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Plasmid DNA was chromatinized with core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) in vitro and was delivered into mouse liver by hydrodynamics-based administration. Transgene expression from the chromatinized plasmid DNA was more efficient than that from plasmid DNA delivered in the naked form. The use of acetylation-enriched histones isolated from cells treated with a histone deacetylase inhibitor (trichostatin A) seemed to be more effective. These results indicated that chromatinized plasmid DNA is useful for efficient transgene expression in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kamiya
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan.
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36
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Development of a novel histone H1-based recombinant fusion peptide for targeted non-viral gene delivery. Int J Pharm 2012. [PMID: 23200954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study a new multifunctional recombinant gene delivery system (vector) was developed for targeted gene delivery to ZR-75-1 breast cancer cells. The vector backbone contained multiple domains including: (1) two tandem repeating units of truncated histone H1 to condense pDNA, (2) a model cell targeting peptide to target ZR-75-1 cells, (3) a pH-responsive synthetic fusogenic peptide, KALA, to destabilize endosomal membrane, and (4) a nuclear localization signal from human immunodeficiency virus to enhance translocation of pDNA toward the cell nucleus. The vectors were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) followed by purification with Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. They were then characterized using physicochemical and in vitro biological methods to evaluate the gene transfer efficiency and vector multifunctionality. The results demonstrated that the recombinant vector bearing all four functional domains had the highest rate of gene transfection efficiency as compared to the vectors which lacked one or more functional motifs. Beside the ability to target, the developed multifunctional vector was able to disrupt endosomal membranes, reach cell nucleus by utilizing microtubules and transfect efficiently while showing no detectable toxicity.
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37
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Parhiz H, Hashemi M, Hatefi A, Shier WT, Farzad SA, Ramezani M. Molecular weight-dependent genetic information transfer with disulfide-linked polyethylenimine-based nonviral vectors. J Biomater Appl 2012; 28:112-24. [PMID: 22899765 DOI: 10.1177/0885328212440344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
One strategy for improving gene vector properties of polyethylenimine is to facilitate individual transfection mechanism steps. This study investigates (i) improving transfection efficiency by attaching peptide nuclear localization signals (nuclear localization signals: SV40 large T antigen nuclear localization signal or C-terminus of histone H1) to polyethylenimine (10 kDa) and (ii) using disulfide linkages, which are expected to be stable during polyplex formation, but cleaved inside cells giving improved gene release. Nuclear localization signal-containing polyplexes exhibited low cytotoxicity, whereas transfection efficiency with high molecular weight plasmid DNA increased up to 3.6 times that of underivatized polyethylenimine in Neuro2A cells at higher molar ratio of polyethylenimine-nitrogen to DNA-phosphate (N/P) ratios. However, with luciferase-specific low molecular weight small interfering RNA in Neuro2A/EGFPLuc cells, nuclear localization signal-containing polyplexes with disulfide linkages caused substantial cytotoxicity at N/P ratios >15 and no consistent significant reduction in luciferase expression. Possible explanations for molecular weight-dependent differences in genetic information transfer by polyplexes containing disulfide-linked nuclear localization signals are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Parhiz
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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38
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Reilly MJ, Larsen JD, Sullivan MO. Polyplexes traffic through caveolae to the Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum en route to the nucleus. Mol Pharm 2012; 9:1280-90. [PMID: 22420286 DOI: 10.1021/mp200583d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The cellular machinery involved in the internalization of nonviral gene carriers and their subsequent trafficking to the nucleus directly impacts their therapeutic efficiency. Hence, identifying key endocytic pathways and organelles that contribute to the successful transfer of polyplexes to the nucleus generates new opportunities for improving carrier design. Previously, we showed that histone H3 tail peptides encoding a sequence known to participate in chromatin activation exhibit synergistic gene delivery activity with poly(ethylenimine) (PEI). Polyplexes containing H3 and PEI exhibited a reduced dependence on endocytic pathways that trafficked to lysosomes, and had enhanced sensitivity to an inhibitor associated with retrograde trafficking through the Golgi apparatus. Thus, we sought to determine whether caveolar uptake and transport through the Golgi and/or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) preceded nuclear delivery. By the use of a panel of chemical endocytic inhibitors, we determined that H3 polyplexes utilized caveolar pathways to a greater degree than PEI polyplexes. Caveolae-mediated endocytosis was found to be a productive route for gene expression by the H3/PEI-pDNA polyplexes, consistent with previous studies of polymer-mediated gene delivery. Additionally, the polyplexes substantially colocalized within the ER after only 5 min of incubation, and utilized retrograde Golgi-to-ER pathways at levels similar to pathogens known to traffic by these routes during infection. The results of this study have expanded our understanding of how caveolar polyplexes are trafficked to cell nuclei, and provide new evidence for the role of Golgi-ER pathways in transfection. These findings suggest new design criteria and opportunities to stragetically target nonviral gene delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan J Reilly
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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39
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Dexamethasone-loaded peptide micelles for delivery of the heme oxygenase-1 gene to ischemic brain. J Control Release 2012; 158:131-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Revised: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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40
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Pavia KE, Spinella SA, Elmore DE. Novel histone-derived antimicrobial peptides use different antimicrobial mechanisms. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2011; 1818:869-76. [PMID: 22230351 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2011.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Revised: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The increase in multidrug resistant bacteria has sparked an interest in the development of novel antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides that operate by crossing the cell membrane may also have the potential to deliver drugs to intracellular targets. Buforin 2 (BF2) is an antimicrobial peptide that shares sequence identity with a fragment of histone subunit H2A and whose bactericidal mechanism depends on membrane translocation and DNA binding. Previously, novel histone-derived antimicrobial peptides (HDAPs) were designed based on properties of BF2, and DesHDAP1 and DesHDAP3 showed significant antibacterial activity. In this study, their DNA binding, permeabilization, and translocation abilities were assessed independently and compared to antibacterial activity to determine whether they share a mechanism with BF2. To investigate the importance of proline in determining the peptides' mechanisms of action, proline to alanine mutants of the novel peptides were generated. DesHDAP1, which shows significant similarities to BF2 in terms of secondary structure, translocates effectively across lipid vesicle and bacterial membranes, while the DesHDAP1 proline mutant shows reduced translocation abilities and antimicrobial potency. In contrast, both DesHDAP3 and its proline mutant translocate poorly, though the DesHDAP3 proline mutant is more potent. Our findings suggest that a proline hinge can promote membrane translocation in some peptides, but that the extent of its effect on permeabilization depends on the peptide's amphipathic properties. Our results also highlight the different antimicrobial mechanisms exhibited by histone-derived peptides and suggest that histones may serve as a source of novel antimicrobial peptides with varied properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E Pavia
- Department of Chemistry, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, USA
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41
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Lee S, Song H, Kim HA, Oh B, Lee DY, Lee M. The box a domain of high mobility group box-1 protein as an efficient siRNA carrier with anti-inflammatory effects. J Cell Biochem 2011; 113:122-31. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.23334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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42
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A class of human proteins that deliver functional proteins into mammalian cells in vitro and in vivo. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 18:833-8. [PMID: 21802004 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Revised: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
We discovered a class of naturally occurring human proteins with unusually high net positive charge that can potently deliver proteins in functional form into mammalian cells both in vitro and also in murine retina, pancreas, and white adipose tissues in vivo. These findings represent diverse macromolecule delivery agents for in vivo applications, and also raise the possibility that some of these human proteins may penetrate cells as part of their native biological functions.
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43
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Sun C, Tang T, Uludağ H. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of PEI Mediated DNA Aggregation. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:3698-707. [DOI: 10.1021/bm2009476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chongbo Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G8
| | - Tian Tang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G8
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Department of Chemical and Materials
Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton,
AB, Canada T6G 2G6
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2V2
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2N8
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Reynolds F, Panneer N, Tutino CM, Wu M, Skrabal WR, Moskaluk C, Kelly KA. A functional proteomic method for biomarker discovery. PLoS One 2011; 6:e22471. [PMID: 21811618 PMCID: PMC3139652 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The sequencing of the human genome holds out the hope for personalized medicine, but it is clear that analysis of DNA or RNA content alone is not sufficient to understand most disease processes. Proteomic strategies that allow unbiased identification of proteins and their post-transcriptional and -translation modifications are an essential complement to genomic strategies. However, the enormity of the proteome and limitations in proteomic methods make it difficult to determine the targets that are particularly relevant to human disease. Methods are therefore needed that allow rational identification of targets based on function and relevance to disease. Screening methodologies such as phage display, SELEX, and small-molecule combinatorial chemistry have been widely used to discover specific ligands for cells or tissues of interest, such as tumors. Those ligands can be used in turn as affinity probes to identify their cognate molecular targets when they are not known in advance. Here we report an easy, robust and generally applicable approach in which phage particles bearing cell- or tissue-specific peptides serve directly as the affinity probes for their molecular targets. For proof of principle, the method successfully identified molecular binding partners, three of them novel, for 15 peptides specific for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred Reynolds
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Nivedha Panneer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Christopher M. Tutino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Michael Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - William R. Skrabal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Christopher Moskaluk
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Kimberly A. Kelly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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45
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Won YW, Lim KS, Kim YH. Intracellular organelle-targeted non-viral gene delivery systems. J Control Release 2011; 152:99-109. [PMID: 21255626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Revised: 12/30/2010] [Accepted: 01/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy is a rapidly growing approach for the treatment of various diseases. To achieve successful gene therapy, a gene delivery system is necessary to overcome several barriers in the extracellular and intracellular spaces. Polymers, peptides, liposomes and nanoparticles developed as gene carriers have achieved efficient cellular uptake of genes. Among these carriers, cationic polymers and peptides have been further developed as intracellular organelle-targeted delivery systems. The cytoplasm, nucleus and mitochondria have been considered primary targets for gene delivery using targeting moieties or environment-responsive materials. In this review, we explore recently developed non-viral gene carriers based on reducible systems specialized to target the cytoplasm, nucleus and mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Wook Won
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, and Institute of Aging Society, Hanyang University, 17 Haengdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
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46
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47
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Zhang LH, Luo T, Zhang C, Luo P, Jin X, Song CX, Gao RL. Anti-DNA antibody modified coronary stent for plasmid gene delivery: results obtained from a porcine coronary stent model. J Gene Med 2010; 13:37-45. [PMID: 21259407 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.1529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Revised: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 11/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous work in our laboratory has demonstrated that the anti-DNA antibody-immobilized stent results in highly site-specific gene delivery in a rabbit carotid model. As a result of the similarity in the anatomy and physiology of the pig and human cardiovascular systems, the porcine coronary stent model was used in the present study to evaluate the site-specificity, efficiency and long-term therapeutic effect of this gene delivery system in pig coronary arteries. METHODS A reporter plasmid pEGFP (pEGFP-C1) was tethered on the antibody-immobilized stents and assessed for site-specificity and efficiency in a pig coronary stent model. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS) cDNA (pcDNA3.1-iNOS) was tethered on the stent as a therapeutic gene to evaluate the site-specificity and long-term therapeutic effect of this novel gene delivery system for the inhibition of restenosis after coronary stenting for 28 days. RESULTS Both the pEGFP-C1 and pcDNA3.1-iNOS tethered stents achieved site-specific gene transfection without distal spreading in the porcine coronary model. The overall GFP transfection efficiency was 2.6 ± 0.9% of the total cells, whereas the neointimal transfection was more than 6%. Histology and morphology studies showed no significant artery stenosis and intimal proliferation for 28 days after coronary stenting using pcDNA3.1-iNOS tethered stents. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, we report the successful use of anti-DNA antibody-immobilized stent as plasmid gene delivery system that possess high efficiency and site-specificity in a porcine coronary stent model. The novel system showed long-term therapeutic effects on the inhibition of restenosis when pcDNA3.1-iNOS was tethered on the stent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Hua Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
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48
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Synergistic effects between natural histone mixtures and polyethylenimine in non-viral gene delivery in vitro. Int J Pharm 2010; 400:86-95. [PMID: 20816738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Revised: 08/18/2010] [Accepted: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles made of plasmid DNA (pDNA) and cationic polymers are promising strategies for non-viral gene delivery. However, many cationic polymers are toxic to cells when used in higher concentrations. Positively charged proteins, such as histones, are biodegradable and a good alternative, especially for potential in vivo applications. It has previously been shown that histones are able to complex DNA and mediate transfection of cells. To investigate possible synergistic effects between the different histone types and to avoid the use of recombinant proteins, we analysed whether natural histone mixtures would be functional as gene carriers. Core and linker histones from calf thymus and from chicken erythrocytes were used to transfect different cell lines. The protein mixtures efficiently complexed the pDNA, and the resulting particles entered the cells. However, only marginal expression of the gene encoded by the pDNA was observed. Transfection rates increased drastically when minimal amounts of the basic polymer polyethylenimine (PEI) were added to the particles. Neither PEI nor histones alone mediated any transfection under the conditions where a combination of both worked efficiently, and the combined particles were well tolerated by the cells. These results demonstrate that histone mixtures from natural sources in combination with minimal amounts of PEI can be used as gene carriers. This might have consequences for the development of novel gene delivery strategies, such as DNA vaccines, with minimal side-effects.
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McCarthy HO, Wang Y, Mangipudi SS, Hatefi A. Advances with the use of bio-inspired vectors towards creation of artificial viruses. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2010; 7:497-512. [PMID: 20151849 DOI: 10.1517/17425240903579989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD In recent years, there has been a great deal of interest in the development of recombinant vectors based on biological motifs with potential applications in gene therapy. Several such vectors have been genetically engineered, resulting in biomacromolecules with new properties that are not present in nature. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW This review briefly discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the current state-of-the-art gene delivery systems (viral and non-viral) and then provides an overview on the application of various biological motifs in vector development for gene delivery. Finally, it highlights some of the most advanced bio-inspired vectors that are designed to perform several self-guided functions. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN This review helps the readers get a better understanding about the history and evolution of bio-inspired fusion vectors with the potential to merge the strengths of both viral and non-viral vectors in order to create efficient, safe and cost-effective gene delivery systems. TAKE HOME MESSAGE With the emergence of new technologies such as recombinant bio-inspired vectors, it may not take long before non-viral vectors are observed that are not just safe and tissue-specific, but even more efficient than viral vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen O McCarthy
- Queens University Belfast, School of Pharmacy, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
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Kamiya H, Goto H, Kanda G, Yamada Y, Harashima H. Transgene expression efficiency from plasmid DNA delivered as a complex with histone H3. Int J Pharm 2010; 392:249-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2009] [Revised: 03/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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