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Ren H, Xiang S, Liu A, Wang Q, Zhou N, Hu Z. A noval noninvasive targeted therapy for osteosarcoma: the combination of LIFU and ultrasound-magnetic-mediated SPIO/TP53/PLGA nanobubble. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1418903. [PMID: 39007051 PMCID: PMC11239426 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1418903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common type of primary malignant bone tumor. Transducing a functional TP53 gene can effectively inhibit OS cell activity. Poly lactic acid-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanobubbles (NBs) mediated by focused ultrasound (US) can introduce exogenous genes into target cells in animal models, but this technique relies on the passive free diffusion of agents across the body. The inclusion of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) in microbubbles allows for magnetic-based tissue localization. A low-intensity-focused ultrasound (LIFU) instrument was developed at our institute, and different intensities of LIFU can either disrupt the NBs (RLI-LIFU) or exert cytocidal effects on the target tissues (RHI-LIFU). Based on these data, we performed US-magnetic-mediated TP53-NB destruction and investigated its ability to inhibit OS growth when combined with LIFU both in vitro and in vivo. Methods Several SPIO/TP53/PLGA (STP) NB variants were prepared and characterized. For the in vitro experiments, HOS and MG63 cells were randomly assigned into five treatment groups. Cell proliferation and the expression of TP53 were detected by CCK8, qRT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. In vivo, tumor-bearing nude mice were randomly assigned into seven treatment groups. The iron distribution of Perls' Prussian blue-stained tissue sections was determined by optical microscopy. TUNEL-DAPI was performed to examine apoptosis. TP53 expression was detected by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Results SPIO/TP53/PLGA NBs with a particle size of approximately 200 nm were prepared successfully. For in vitro experiments, ultrasound-targeted transfection of TP53 overexpression in OS cells and efficient inhibition of OS proliferation have been demonstrated. Furthermore, in a tumor-bearing nude mouse model, RLI-LIFU-magnetic-mediated SPIO/TP53/PLGA NBs increased the transfection efficiency of the TP53 plasmid, resulting in apoptosis. Adding RHI-LIFU to the treatment regimen significantly increased the apoptosis of OS cells in vivo. Conclusion Combining LIFU and US-magnetic-mediated SPIO/TP53/PLGA NB destruction is potentially a novel noninvasive and targeted therapy for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Ren
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, ChongQing Red Cross Hospital (People's Hospital of JiangBei District), Chongqing, China
| | - Shanlin Xiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Aiguo Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Nian Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenming Hu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Shi S, Cao M, Li Y, Zhou L, Zhang S, Wang X, Xin J, Li W. Sequential targeting dual-responsive magnetic nanoparticle for improved therapy of lung metastatic breast cancer. J Drug Target 2023; 31:655-669. [PMID: 37235535 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2023.2217699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Lung metastatic breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death in women and difficult to treat due to non-specific drug delivery. Herein a sequential targeting dual-responsive magnetic nanoparticle was fabricated, where Fe3O4 nanoparticle was used as magnetic core, then sequentially coated with tetraethyl orthosilicate, bis[3-(triethoxy-silyl)propyl] tetrasulfide, and 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propylmethacrylate to afford -C = C- on the surface for further polymerisation with acrylic acid, acryloyl-6-ethylenediamine-6-deoxy-β-cyclodextrin using N, N-bisacryloylcy- stamine as cross-linker, obtaining pH/redox dual-responsive magnetic nanoparticle (MNPs-CD) to delivery doxorubicin (DOX) for suppressing lung metastatic breast cancer. Our results suggested DOX-loaded nanoparticle could target the lung metastases site by sequential targeting, in which they first be delivered to the lung and even the metastatic nodules through size-driven, electrical interaction, and magnetic field-guided mechanisms, then be effectively internalised into the cancer cells followed by intelligently triggering DOX release. MTT analysis demonstrated DOX-loaded nanoparticle exhibited high anti-tumour activity against 4T1 and A549 cells. 4T1 tumour-bearing mice were employed to confirm the higher specific accumulation in lung and improved anti-metastatic therapy efficiency of DOX by focussing an extracorporeal magnetic field on the biological target. Our findings suggested the as-proposed dual-responsive magnetic nanoparticle offered a prerequisite to inhibit lung metastasis of breast cancer tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Shi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
- Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Meiting Cao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Liping Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Shurong Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xiaoyue Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Juan Xin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
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Bartos LM, Kirchleitner SV, Blobner J, Wind K, Kunze LH, Holzgreve A, Gold L, Zatcepin A, Kolabas ZI, Ulukaya S, Weidner L, Quach S, Messerer D, Bartenstein P, Tonn JC, Riemenschneider MJ, Ziegler S, von Baumgarten L, Albert NL, Brendel M. 18 kDa translocator protein positron emission tomography facilitates early and robust tumor detection in the immunocompetent SB28 glioblastoma mouse model. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:992993. [PMID: 36325388 PMCID: PMC9621314 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.992993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) receives growing interest as a biomarker in glioblastoma. Mouse models can serve as an important tool for the investigation of biomarkers in glioblastoma, but several glioblastoma models indicated only low TSPO-PET signals in contrast to high TSPO-PET signals of human glioblastoma. Thus, we aimed to investigate TSPO-PET imaging in the syngeneic immunocompetent SB28 mouse model, which is thought to closely represent the tumor microenvironment (TME) of human glioblastoma. METHODS Dynamic TSPO-PET/CT imaging was performed for 60 min after injection of 13.6 ± 4.2 MBq [18F]GE-180. Contrast enhanced CT (ceCT) was acquired prior to PET and served for assessment of tumor volumes and attenuation correction. SB28 and sham mice were imaged at an early (week-1; n = 6 SB28, n = 6 sham) and a late time-point (week-3; n = 8 SB28, n = 9 sham) after inoculation. Standard of truth ex vivo tumor volumes were obtained for SB28 mice at the late time-point. Tracer kinetics were analyzed for the lesion site and the carotid arteries to establish an image derived input function (IDIF). TSPO-PET and ceCT lesion volumes were compared with ex vivo volumes by calculation of root-mean-square-errors (RMSE). Volumes of distribution (VTmax/mean) in the lesion were calculated using carotid IDIF and standardized uptake values (SUVmax/mean) were obtained for a 40-60 min time frame. RESULTS Higher uptake rate constants (K1) were observed for week-1 SB28 tumor lesions when compared to week-3 SB28 tumor lesions. Highest agreement between TSPO-PET lesion volumes and ex vivo tumor volumes was achieved with a 50% maximum threshold (RMSE-VT: 39.7%; RMSE-SUV: 34.4%), similar to the agreement of ceCT tumor volumes (RMSE: 30.1%). Lesions of SB28 mice had higher PET signal when compared to sham mice at week-1 (VTmax 6.6 ± 2.9 vs. 3.9 ± 0.8, p = 0.035; SUVmax 2.3 ± 0.5 vs. 1.2 ± 0.1, p < 0.001) and PET signals remained at a similar level at week-3 (VTmax 5.0 ± 1.6 vs. 2.7 ± 0.8, p = 0.029; SUVmax 1.9 ± 0.5 vs. 1.2 ± 0.2, p = 0.0012). VTmax correlated with SUVmax (R 2 = 0.532, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION TSPO-PET imaging of immunocompetent SB28 mice facilitates early detection of tumor signals over sham lesions. SB28 tumors mirror high TSPO-PET signals of human glioblastoma and could serve as a valuable translational model to study TSPO as an imaging biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Bartos
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Jens Blobner
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Karin Wind
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lea H. Kunze
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Adrien Holzgreve
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lukas Gold
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Artem Zatcepin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Zeynep Ilgin Kolabas
- Helmholtz Center, Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig- Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (GSN), Munich, Germany
| | - Selin Ulukaya
- Helmholtz Center, Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Munich, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Master of Science Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg, Germany
| | - Lorraine Weidner
- Department of Neuropathology, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Quach
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Denise Messerer
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Bartenstein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- SyNergy, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joerg C. Tonn
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Sibylle Ziegler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Louisa von Baumgarten
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nathalie L. Albert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Brendel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- SyNergy, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZNE – German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
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Surendra D, Chamaraja N, Godipurge S, Yallappa S. Synthesis and functionalization of silver ferrite (AgFe2O3) nanoparticles with l-methionine: In vivo toxicity studies against Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae). RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Tseng YY, Chen TY, Liu SJ. Role of Polymeric Local Drug Delivery in Multimodal Treatment of Malignant Glioma: A Review. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:4597-4614. [PMID: 34267515 PMCID: PMC8275179 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s309937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant gliomas (MGs) are the most common and devastating primary brain tumor. At present, surgical interventions, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are only marginally effective in prolonging the life expectancy of patients with MGs. Inherent heterogeneity, aggressive invasion and infiltration, intact physical barriers, and the numerous mechanisms underlying chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistance contribute to the poor prognosis for patients with MGs. Various studies have investigated methods to overcome these obstacles in MG treatment. In this review, we address difficulties in MG treatment and focus on promising polymeric local drug delivery systems. In contrast to most local delivery systems, which are directly implanted into the residual cavity after intratumoral injection or the surgical removal of a tumor, some rapidly developing and promising nanotechnological methods—including surface-decorated nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, and focused ultrasound assist transport—are administered through (systemic) intravascular injection. We also discuss further synergistic and multimodal strategies for heightening therapeutic efficacy. Finally, we outline the challenges and therapeutic potential of these polymeric drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yun Tseng
- Department of Neurosurgery, New Taipei Municipal Tu-Cheng Hospital (Built and Operated by Chang Gung Medical Foundation), New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Yuan Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jung Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkuo, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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Vinod C, Jena S. Nano-Neurotheranostics: Impact of Nanoparticles on Neural Dysfunctions and Strategies to Reduce Toxicity for Improved Efficacy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:612692. [PMID: 33841144 PMCID: PMC8033012 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.612692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotheranostics is one of the emerging research areas in the field of nanobiotechnology offering exciting promises for diagnosis, bio-separation, imaging mechanisms, hyperthermia, phototherapy, chemotherapy, drug delivery, gene delivery, among other uses. The major criteria for any nanotheranostic-materials is 1) to interact with proteins and cells without meddling with their basic activities, 2) to maintain their physical properties after surface modifications and 3) must be nontoxic. One of the challenging targets for nanotheranostics is the nervous system with major hindrances from the neurovascular units, the functional units of blood-brain barrier. As blood-brain barrier is crucial for protecting the CNS from toxins and metabolic fluctuations, most of the synthetic nanomaterials cannot pass through this barrier making it difficult for diagnosing or targeting the cells. Biodegradable nanoparticles show a promising role in this aspect. Certain neural pathologies have compromised barrier creating a path for most of the nanoparticles to enter into the cells. However, such carriers may pose a risk of side effects to non-neural tissues and their toxicity needs to be elucidated at preclinical levels. This article reviews about the different types of nanotheranostic strategies applied in nervous dysfunctions. Further, the side effects of these carriers are reviewed and appropriate methods to test the toxicity of such nano-carriers are suggested to improve the effectiveness of nano-carrier based diagnosis and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiluka Vinod
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Srikanta Jena
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India
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SPION and doxorubicin-loaded polymeric nanocarriers for glioblastoma theranostics. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:515-523. [PMID: 33405212 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00880-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is a type of cancer with a very poor prognosis with a survival of around 15 months in the case of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). In order to advance in personalized medicine, we developed polymeric nanoparticles (PNP) loaded with both SPION (superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles) and doxorubicin (DOX). The former being used for its potential to accumulate the PNP in the tumor under a strong magnetic field and the later for its therapeutic potential. The emulsion solvent and evaporation method was selected to develop monodisperse PNP with high loading efficiency in both SPION and DOX. Once injected in mice, a significant accumulation of the PNP was observed within the tumoral tissue under static magnetic field as observed by MRI leading to a reduction of tumor growth rate.
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Sanz-Ortega L, Rojas JM, Barber DF. Improving Tumor Retention of Effector Cells in Adoptive Cell Transfer Therapies by Magnetic Targeting. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E812. [PMID: 32867162 PMCID: PMC7557387 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cell transfer therapy is a promising anti-tumor immunotherapy in which effector immune cells are transferred to patients to treat tumors. However, one of its main limitations is the inefficient trafficking of inoculated effector cells to the tumor site and the small percentage of effector cells that remain activated when reaching the tumor. Multiple strategies have been attempted to improve the entry of effector cells into the tumor environment, often based on tumor types. It would be, however, interesting to develop a more general approach, to improve and facilitate the migration of specific activated effector lymphoid cells to any tumor type. We and others have recently demonstrated the potential for adoptive cell transfer therapy of the combined use of magnetic nanoparticle-loaded lymphoid effector cells together with the application of an external magnetic field to promote the accumulation and retention of lymphoid cells in specific body locations. The aim of this review is to summarize and highlight the recent findings in the field of magnetic accumulation and retention of effector cells in tumors after adoptive transfer, and to discuss the possibility of using this approach for tumor targeting with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sanz-Ortega
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine (HERM), Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 14183 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - José Manuel Rojas
- Animal Health Research Centre (CISA)-INIA, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, 28130 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Domingo F. Barber
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, and NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Zanganeh S, Georgala P, Corbo C, Arabi L, Ho JQ, Javdani N, Sepand MR, Cruickshank K, Campesato LF, Weng C, Hemayat S, Andreou C, Alvim R, Hutter G, Rafat M, Mahmoudi M. Immunoengineering in glioblastoma imaging and therapy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 11:e1575. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven Zanganeh
- Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research New York New York
| | | | - Claudia Corbo
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB University of Milano‐Bicocca Milan Italy
| | - Leila Arabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Jim Q. Ho
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx New York
| | - Najme Javdani
- Institute De Recherche Clinique De Montreal Montreal Quebec Canada
| | | | | | | | - Chien‐Huan Weng
- Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research New York New York
| | | | - Chrysafis Andreou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus
| | - Ricardo Alvim
- Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research New York New York
| | - Gregor Hutter
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB University of Milano‐Bicocca Milan Italy
| | - Marjan Rafat
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee
- Department of Radiation Oncology Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Precision Health Program Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan
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Thorat ND, Townely H, Brennan G, Parchur AK, Silien C, Bauer J, Tofail SA. Progress in Remotely Triggered Hybrid Nanostructures for Next-Generation Brain Cancer Theranostics. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:2669-2687. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nanasaheb D. Thorat
- Modelling Simulation and Innovative Characterisation (MOSAIC), Department of Physics and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, wybrzeże Stanisława Wyspiańskiego 27, Wrocław 50-370, Poland
| | - Helen Townely
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical Science Division, John Radcliffe Hospital University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU United Kingdom
| | - Grace Brennan
- Modelling Simulation and Innovative Characterisation (MOSAIC), Department of Physics and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Abdul K. Parchur
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, United States
| | - Christophe Silien
- Modelling Simulation and Innovative Characterisation (MOSAIC), Department of Physics and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Joanna Bauer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, wybrzeże Stanisława Wyspiańskiego 27, Wrocław 50-370, Poland
| | - Syed A.M. Tofail
- Modelling Simulation and Innovative Characterisation (MOSAIC), Department of Physics and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
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Alphandéry E. Biodistribution and targeting properties of iron oxide nanoparticles for treatments of cancer and iron anemia disease. Nanotoxicology 2019; 13:573-596. [PMID: 30938215 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2019.1572809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
IONP (iron oxide nanoparticles) commercialized for treatments of iron anemia or cancer diseases can be administered at doses exceeding 1 g per patient, indicating their bio-compatibility when they are prepared in the right conditions. Various parameters influence IONP biodistribution such as nanoparticle size, hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity, surface charge, core composition, coating properties, route of administration, quantity administered, and opsonization. IONP biodistribution trends include their capture by the reticuloendothelial system (RES), accumulation in liver and spleen, leading to nanoparticle degradation by macrophages and liver Kupffer cells, possibly followed by excretion in feces. To result in efficient tumor treatment, IONP need to reach the tumor in a sufficiently large quantity, using: (i) passive targeting, i.e. the extravasation of IONP through the blood vessel irrigating the tumor, (ii) molecular targeting achieved by a ligand bound to IONP specifically recognizing a cell receptor, and (iii) magnetic targeting in which a magnetic field gradient guides IONP towards the tumor. As a whole, targeting efficacy is relatively similar for different targeting, yielding a percentage of injected IONP in the tumor of 5.10-4% to 3%, 0.1% to 7%, and 5.10-3% to 2.6% for passive, molecular, and magnetic targeting, respectively. For the treatment of iron anemia disease, IONP are captured by the RES, and dissolved into free iron, which is then made available for the organism. For the treatment of cancer, IONP either deliver chemotherapeutic drugs to tumors, produce localized heat under the application of an alternating magnetic field or a laser, or activate in a controlled manner a sono-sensitizer following ultrasound treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Alphandéry
- a Paris Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR CNRS, IRD, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, IMPMC , Paris , France.,b Nanobacterie SARL , Paris , France.,c Institute of Anatomy, UZH University of Zurich, Institute of Anatomy , Zurich , Switzerland
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Shevtsov M, Stangl S, Nikolaev B, Yakovleva L, Marchenko Y, Tagaeva R, Sievert W, Pitkin E, Mazur A, Tolstoy P, Galibin O, Ryzhov V, Steiger K, Smirnov O, Khachatryan W, Chester K, Multhoff G. Granzyme B Functionalized Nanoparticles Targeting Membrane Hsp70-Positive Tumors for Multimodal Cancer Theranostics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1900205. [PMID: 30828968 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Functionalized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have emerged as potential clinical tools for cancer theranostics. Membrane-bound 70 kDa heat shock protein (mHsp70) is ubiquitously expressed on the cell membrane of various tumor types but not normal cells and therefore provides a tumor-specific target. The serine protease granzyme B (GrB) that is produced as an effector molecule by activated T and NK cells has been shown to specifically target mHsp70 on tumor cells. Following binding to Hsp70, GrB is rapidly internalized into tumor cells. Herein, it is demonstrated that GrB functionalized SPIONs act as a contrast enhancement agent for magnetic resonance imaging and induce specific tumor cell apoptosis. Combinatorial regimens employing stereotactic radiotherapy and/or magnetic targeting are found to further enhance the therapeutic efficacy of GrB-SPIONs in different tumor mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Shevtsov
- Center for Translational Cancer Research Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Radiation Immuno-Oncology group, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Einsteinstr. 25, 81675, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Tikhoretsky ave., 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russia
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, L'va Tolstogo str. 6/8, St. Petersburg, 197022, Russia
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Russian Polenov Neurosurgical Institute, Mayakovskogo str. 12, St. Petersburg, 191104, Russia
| | - Stefan Stangl
- Center for Translational Cancer Research Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Radiation Immuno-Oncology group, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Einsteinstr. 25, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Boris Nikolaev
- Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, Pudozhskaya str. 12, St. Petersburg, 191014, Russia
| | - Ludmila Yakovleva
- Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, Pudozhskaya str. 12, St. Petersburg, 191014, Russia
| | - Yaroslav Marchenko
- Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, Pudozhskaya str. 12, St. Petersburg, 191014, Russia
| | - Ruslana Tagaeva
- Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, Pudozhskaya str. 12, St. Petersburg, 191014, Russia
| | - Wolfgang Sievert
- Center for Translational Cancer Research Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Radiation Immuno-Oncology group, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Einsteinstr. 25, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Emil Pitkin
- Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Walnut Street 3730, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Anton Mazur
- Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7-9, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Peter Tolstoy
- Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7-9, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Oleg Galibin
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, L'va Tolstogo str. 6/8, St. Petersburg, 197022, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav Ryzhov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, 188300, Russia
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institute of Pathology, Technische Universität München, Trogerstr. 18, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Oleg Smirnov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, 188300, Russia
| | - William Khachatryan
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Russian Polenov Neurosurgical Institute, Mayakovskogo str. 12, St. Petersburg, 191104, Russia
| | - Kerry Chester
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, WC1E 6DD, London, UK
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Center for Translational Cancer Research Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Radiation Immuno-Oncology group, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Einsteinstr. 25, 81675, Munich, Germany
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Sanz-Ortega L, Rojas JM, Marcos A, Portilla Y, Stein JV, Barber DF. T cells loaded with magnetic nanoparticles are retained in peripheral lymph nodes by the application of a magnetic field. J Nanobiotechnology 2019; 17:14. [PMID: 30670029 PMCID: PMC6341614 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-019-0440-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background T lymphocytes are highly dynamic elements of the immune system with a tightly regulated migration. T cell-based transfer therapies are promising therapeutic approaches which in vivo efficacy is often limited by the small proportion of administered cells that reaches the region of interest. Manipulating T cell localisation to improve specific targeting will increase the effectiveness of these therapies. Nanotechnology has been successfully used for localized release of drugs and biomolecules. In particular, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) loaded with biomolecules can be specifically targeted to a location by an external magnetic field (EMF). The present work studies whether MNP-loaded T cells could be targeted and retained in vitro and in vivo at a site of interest with an EMF. Results T cells were unable to internalize the different MNPs used in this study, which remained in close association with the cell membrane. T cells loaded with an appropriate MNP concentration were attracted to an EMF and retained in an in vitro capillary flow-system. MNP-loaded T cells were also magnetically retained in the lymph nodes after adoptive transfer in in vivo models. This enhanced in vivo retention was in part due to the EMF application and to a reduced circulating cell speed within the organ. This combined use of MNPs and EMFs did not alter T cell viability or function. Conclusions These studies reveal a promising approach to favour cell retention that could be implemented to improve cell-based therapy.![]() Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12951-019-0440-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sanz-Ortega
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, and NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)-CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Rojas
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, and NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)-CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Animal Health Research Centre (CISA)-INIA, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Valdeolmos, 28130, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Marcos
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.,Section of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Yadileiny Portilla
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, and NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)-CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jens V Stein
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.,Section of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Domingo F Barber
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, and NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)-CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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14
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Ray S, Li Z, Hsu CH, Hwang LP, Lin YC, Chou PT, Lin YY. Dendrimer- and copolymer-based nanoparticles for magnetic resonance cancer theranostics. Theranostics 2018; 8:6322-6349. [PMID: 30613300 PMCID: PMC6299700 DOI: 10.7150/thno.27828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer theranostics is one of the most important approaches for detecting and treating patients at an early stage. To develop such a technique, accurate detection, specific targeting, and controlled delivery are the key components. Various kinds of nanoparticles have been proposed and demonstrated as potential nanovehicles for cancer theranostics. Among them, polymer-like dendrimers and copolymer-based core-shell nanoparticles could potentially be the best possible choices. At present, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used for clinical purposes and is generally considered the most convenient and noninvasive imaging modality. Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) and gadolinium (Gd)-based dendrimers are the major nanostructures that are currently being investigated as nanovehicles for cancer theranostics using MRI. These structures are capable of specific targeting of tumors as well as controlled drug or gene delivery to tumor sites using pH, temperature, or alternating magnetic field (AMF)-controlled mechanisms. Recently, Gd-based pseudo-porous polymer-dendrimer supramolecular nanoparticles have shown 4-fold higher T1 relaxivity along with highly efficient AMF-guided drug release properties. Core-shell copolymer-based nanovehicles are an equally attractive alternative for designing contrast agents and for delivering anti-cancer drugs. Various copolymer materials could be used as core and shell components to provide biostability, modifiable surface properties, and even adjustable imaging contrast enhancement. Recent advances and challenges in MRI cancer theranostics using dendrimer- and copolymer-based nanovehicles have been summarized in this review article, along with new unpublished research results from our laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayoni Ray
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Chao-Hsiung Hsu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Lian-Pin Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chih Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ya Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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15
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Chertok B, Langer R. Circulating Magnetic Microbubbles for Localized Real-Time Control of Drug Delivery by Ultrasonography-Guided Magnetic Targeting and Ultrasound. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:341-357. [PMID: 29290812 PMCID: PMC5743552 DOI: 10.7150/thno.20781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Image-guided and target-selective modulation of drug delivery by external physical triggers at the site of pathology has the potential to enable tailored control of drug targeting. Magnetic microbubbles that are responsive to magnetic and acoustic modulation and visible to ultrasonography have been proposed as a means to realize this drug targeting strategy. To comply with this strategy in vivo, magnetic microbubbles must circulate systemically and evade deposition in pulmonary capillaries, while also preserving magnetic and acoustic activities in circulation over time. Unfortunately, challenges in fabricating magnetic microbubbles with such characteristics have limited progress in this field. In this report, we develop magnetic microbubbles (MagMB) that display strong magnetic and acoustic activities, while also preserving the ability to circulate systemically and evade pulmonary entrapment. Methods: We systematically evaluated the characteristics of MagMB including their pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, visibility to ultrasonography and amenability to magneto-acoustic modulation in tumor-bearing mice. We further assessed the applicability of MagMB for ultrasonography-guided control of drug targeting. Results: Following intravenous injection, MagMB exhibited a 17- to 90-fold lower pulmonary entrapment compared to previously reported magnetic microbubbles and mimicked circulation persistence of the clinically utilized Definity microbubbles (>10 min). In addition, MagMB could be accumulated in tumor vasculature by magnetic targeting, monitored by ultrasonography and collapsed by focused ultrasound on demand to activate drug deposition at the target. Furthermore, drug delivery to target tumors could be enhanced by adjusting the magneto-acoustic modulation based on ultrasonographic monitoring of MagMB in real-time. Conclusions: Circulating MagMB in conjunction with ultrasonography-guided magneto-acoustic modulation may provide a strategy for tailored minimally-invasive control over drug delivery to target tissues.
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16
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Magnetic Nanoparticles in the Central Nervous System: Targeting Principles, Applications and Safety Issues. Molecules 2017; 23:molecules23010009. [PMID: 29267188 PMCID: PMC5943969 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most challenging goals in pharmacological research is overcoming the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) to deliver drugs to the Central Nervous System (CNS). The use of physical means, such as steady and alternating magnetic fields to drive nanocarriers with proper magnetic characteristics may prove to be a useful strategy. The present review aims at providing an up-to-date picture of the applications of magnetic-driven nanotheranostics agents to the CNS. Although well consolidated on physical ground, some of the techniques described herein are still under investigation on in vitro or in silico models, while others have already entered in—or are close to—clinical validation. The review provides a concise overview of the physical principles underlying the behavior of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) interacting with an external magnetic field. Thereafter we describe the physiological pathways by which a substance can reach the brain from the bloodstream and then we focus on those MNP applications that aim at a nondestructive crossing of the BBB such as static magnetic fields to facilitate the passage of drugs and alternating magnetic fields to increment BBB permeability by magnetic heating. In conclusion, we briefly cite the most notable biomedical applications of MNPs and some relevant remarks about their safety and potential toxicity.
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17
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Mosayebi J, Kiyasatfar M, Laurent S. Synthesis, Functionalization, and Design of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Theranostic Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28990364 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In order to translate nanotechnology into medical practice, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been presented as a class of non-invasive nanomaterials for numerous biomedical applications. In particular, MNPs have opened a door for simultaneous diagnosis and brisk treatment of diseases in the form of theranostic agents. This review highlights the recent advances in preparation and utilization of MNPs from the synthesis and functionalization steps to the final design consideration in evading the body immune system for therapeutic and diagnostic applications with addressing the most recent examples of the literature in each section. This study provides a conceptual framework of a wide range of synthetic routes classified mainly as wet chemistry, state-of-the-art microfluidic reactors, and biogenic routes, along with the most popular coating materials to stabilize resultant MNPs. Additionally, key aspects of prolonging the half-life of MNPs via overcoming the sequential biological barriers are covered through unraveling the biophysical interactions at the bio-nano interface and giving a set of criteria to efficiently modulate MNPs' physicochemical properties. Furthermore, concepts of passive and active targeting for successful cell internalization, by respectively exploiting the unique properties of cancers and novel targeting ligands are described in detail. Finally, this study extensively covers the recent developments in magnetic drug targeting and hyperthermia as therapeutic applications of MNPs. In addition, multi-modal imaging via fusion of magnetic resonance imaging, and also innovative magnetic particle imaging with other imaging techniques for early diagnosis of diseases are extensively provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Mosayebi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Urmia University; Urmia 5756151818 Iran
| | - Mehdi Kiyasatfar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Urmia University; Urmia 5756151818 Iran
| | - Sophie Laurent
- Laboratory of NMR and Molecular Imaging; University of Mons; Mons Belgium
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18
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Guo X, Li W, Luo L, Wang Z, Li Q, Kong F, Zhang H, Yang J, Zhu C, Du Y, You J. External Magnetic Field-Enhanced Chemo-Photothermal Combination Tumor Therapy via Iron Oxide Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:16581-16593. [PMID: 28453245 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b16513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The development of multifunctional nanoplatforms based on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) has attracted increasing attention. MNPs especially exhibit excellent responsiveness under the guidance of an external magnetic field (MF), resulting in tumor-specific, targeted delivery. The behavior and magnetic-targeting efficiency of MNPs largely depend on their physiochemical properties, especially the particle size; however, the optimal size range may vary across the multiple bioapplications associated with multifunctional nanoparticles. The optimal size range of nanoparticles for external MF-mediated targeted delivery has rarely been reported. In this work, we synthesized a series of monodisperse Fe3O4 nanoparticles with identical surface properties ranging in size from 10 to 310 nm, and we systematically investigated their behavior and MF-assisted antitumor efficacy. Our data indicated that smaller Fe3O4 nanoparticles exhibited greater cellular internalization, while larger Fe3O4 nanoparticles showed greater tumor accumulation. Larger Fe3O4 nanoparticles exhibited stronger magnetic responsiveness both in vitro and in vivo, which could be used to further induce increased accumulation of nanoparticles and their payload (e.g., doxorubicin) into the tumor site under the guidance of an external MF. Our work demonstrated that larger Fe3O4 nanoparticles, with a diameter of up to 310 nm, exhibited the best magnetic-targeting efficiency mediated by an external MF and the strongest antitumor efficacy from combination photothermal-chemotherapy. Our results could serve as a valuable reference for the future design of MNPs and their targeted delivery via the modulation of an external MF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Lihua Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Zuhua Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Qingpo Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Fenfen Kong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Hanbo Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Chunqi Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhong Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Jian You
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
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Bai J, Wang JTW, Mei KC, Al-Jamal WT, Al-Jamal KT. Real-time monitoring of magnetic drug targeting using fibered confocal fluorescence microscopy. J Control Release 2016; 244:240-246. [PMID: 27449744 PMCID: PMC5176088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic drug targeting has been proposed as means of concentrating therapeutic agents at a target site and the success of this approach has been demonstrated in a number of studies. However, the behavior of magnetic carriers in blood vessels and tumor microcirculation still remains unclear. In this work, we utilized polymeric magnetic nanocapsules (m-NCs) for magnetic targeting in tumors and dynamically visualized them within blood vessels and tumor tissues before, during and after magnetic field exposure using fibered confocal fluorescence microscopy (FCFM). Our results suggested that the distribution of m-NCs within tumor vasculature changed dramatically, but in a reversible way, upon application and removal of a magnetic field. The m-NCs were concentrated and stayed as clusters near a blood vessel wall when tumors were exposed to a magnetic field but without rupturing the blood vessel. The obtained FCFM images provided in vivo in situ microvascular observations of m-NCs upon magnetic targeting with high spatial resolution but minimally invasive surgical procedures. This proof-of-concept descriptive study in mice is envisaged to track and quantify nanoparticles in vivo in a non-invasive manner at microscopic resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Bai
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Julie Tzu-Wen Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Kuo-Ching Mei
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Wafa T Al-Jamal
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Khuloud T Al-Jamal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, SE1 9NH, UK.
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20
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Al-Jamal KT, Bai J, Wang JTW, Protti A, Southern P, Bogart L, Heidari H, Li X, Cakebread A, Asker D, Al-Jamal WT, Shah A, Bals S, Sosabowski J, Pankhurst QA. Magnetic Drug Targeting: Preclinical in Vivo Studies, Mathematical Modeling, and Extrapolation to Humans. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:5652-60. [PMID: 27541372 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A sound theoretical rationale for the design of a magnetic nanocarrier capable of magnetic capture in vivo after intravenous administration could help elucidate the parameters necessary for in vivo magnetic tumor targeting. In this work, we utilized our long-circulating polymeric magnetic nanocarriers, encapsulating increasing amounts of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) in a biocompatible oil carrier, to study the effects of SPION loading and of applied magnetic field strength on magnetic tumor targeting in CT26 tumor-bearing mice. Under controlled conditions, the in vivo magnetic targeting was quantified and found to be directly proportional to SPION loading and magnetic field strength. Highest SPION loading, however, resulted in a reduced blood circulation time and a plateauing of the magnetic targeting. Mathematical modeling was undertaken to compute the in vivo magnetic, viscoelastic, convective, and diffusive forces acting on the nanocapsules (NCs) in accordance with the Nacev-Shapiro construct, and this was then used to extrapolate to the expected behavior in humans. The model predicted that in the latter case, the NCs and magnetic forces applied here would have been sufficient to achieve successful targeting in humans. Lastly, an in vivo murine tumor growth delay study was performed using docetaxel (DTX)-encapsulated NCs. Magnetic targeting was found to offer enhanced therapeutic efficacy and improve mice survival compared to passive targeting at drug doses of ca. 5-8 mg of DTX/kg. This is, to our knowledge, the first study that truly bridges the gap between preclinical experiments and clinical translation in the field of magnetic drug targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andrea Protti
- Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence , London, SE5 9NU, U.K
| | - Paul Southern
- Healthcare Biomagnetics Laboratory, University College London , 21 Albemarle Street, London W1S 4BS, U.K
| | - Lara Bogart
- Healthcare Biomagnetics Laboratory, University College London , 21 Albemarle Street, London W1S 4BS, U.K
| | - Hamed Heidari
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Research (EMAT), University of Antwerp , Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Wafa T Al-Jamal
- Dr. W.T. Al-Jamal, School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - Ajay Shah
- Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence , London, SE5 9NU, U.K
| | - Sara Bals
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Research (EMAT), University of Antwerp , Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Quentin A Pankhurst
- Healthcare Biomagnetics Laboratory, University College London , 21 Albemarle Street, London W1S 4BS, U.K
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Liu H, Zhang J, Chen X, Du XS, Zhang JL, Liu G, Zhang WG. Application of iron oxide nanoparticles in glioma imaging and therapy: from bench to bedside. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:7808-7826. [PMID: 27029509 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr00147e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors and have a very dismal prognosis. However, recent advancements in nanomedicine and nanotechnology provide opportunities for personalized treatment regimens to improve the poor prognosis of patients suffering from glioma. This comprehensive review starts with an outline of the current status facing glioma. It then provides an overview of the state-of-the-art applications of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) to glioma diagnostics and therapeutics, including MR contrast enhancement, drug delivery, cell labeling and tracking, magnetic hyperthermia treatment and magnetic particle imaging. It also addresses current challenges associated with the biological barriers and IONP design with an emphasis on recent advances and innovative approaches for glioma targeting strategies. Opportunities for future development are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China. and Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637007, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xue-Song Du
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jin-Long Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Wei-Guo Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China and The State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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Garg T, Bhandari S, Rath G, Goyal AK. Current strategies for targeted delivery of bio-active drug molecules in the treatment of brain tumor. J Drug Target 2015; 23:865-87. [PMID: 25835469 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2015.1029930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Brain tumor is one of the most challenging diseases to treat. The major obstacle in the specific drug delivery to brain is blood-brain barrier (BBB). Mostly available anti-cancer drugs are large hydrophobic molecules which have limited permeability via BBB. Therefore, it is clear that the protective barriers confining the passage of the foreign particles into the brain are the main impediment for the brain drug delivery. Hence, the major challenge in drug development and delivery for the neurological diseases is to design non-invasive nanocarrier systems that can assist controlled and targeted drug delivery to the specific regions of the brain. In this review article, our major focus to treat brain tumor by study numerous strategies includes intracerebral implants, BBB disruption, intraventricular infusion, convection-enhanced delivery, intra-arterial drug delivery, intrathecal drug delivery, injection, catheters, pumps, microdialysis, RNA interference, antisense therapy, gene therapy, monoclonal/cationic antibodies conjugate, endogenous transporters, lipophilic analogues, prodrugs, efflux transporters, direct conjugation of antitumor drugs, direct targeting of liposomes, nanoparticles, solid-lipid nanoparticles, polymeric micelles, dendrimers and albumin-based drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saurav Bhandari
- b Department of Quality Assurance , ISF College of Pharmacy , Moga , Punjab , India
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Nandwana V, De M, Chu S, Jaiswal M, Rotz M, Meade TJ, Dravid VP. Theranostic Magnetic Nanostructures (MNS) for Cancer. Cancer Treat Res 2015; 166:51-83. [PMID: 25895864 PMCID: PMC4494108 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16555-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite the complexities of cancer, remarkable diagnostic and therapeutic advances have been made during the past decade, which include improved genetic, molecular, and nanoscale understanding of the disease. Physical science and engineering, and nanotechnology in particular, have contributed to these developments through out-of-the-box ideas and initiatives from perspectives that are far removed from classical biological and medicinal aspects of cancer. Nanostructures, in particular, are being effectively utilized in sensing/diagnostics of cancer while nanoscale carriers are able to deliver therapeutic cargo for timed and controlled release at localized tumor sites. Magnetic nanostructures (MNS) have especially attracted considerable attention of researchers to address cancer diagnostics and therapy. A significant part of the promise of MNS lies in their potential for "theranostic" applications, wherein diagnostics makes use of the enhanced localized contrast in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) while therapy leverages the ability of MNS to heat under external radio frequency (RF) field for thermal therapy or use of thermal activation for release of therapy cargo. In this chapter, we report some of the key developments in recent years in regard to MNS as potential theranostic carriers. We describe that the r₂relaxivity of MNS can be maximized by allowing water (proton) diffusion in the vicinity of MNS by polyethylene glycol (PEG) anchoring, which also facilitates excellent fluidic stability in various media and extended in vivo circulation while maintaining high r₂values needed for T₂-weighted MRI contrast. Further, the specific absorption rate (SAR) required for thermal activation of MNS can be tailored by controlling composition and size of MNS. Together, emerging MNS show considerable promise to realize theranostic potential. We discuss that properly functionalized MNS can be designed to provide remarkable in vivo stability and accompanying pharmacokinetics exhibit organ localization that can be tailored for specific applications. In this context, even iron-based MNS show extended circulation as well as diverse organ accumulation beyond liver, which otherwise renders MNS potentially toxic to liver function. We believe that MNS, including those based on iron oxides, have entered a renaissance era where intelligent synthesis, functionalization, stabilization, and targeting provide ample evidence for applications in localized cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Nandwana
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA
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Nguyen DT, Kim KS. Functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical applications. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-014-0156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Shevtsov MA, Nikolaev BP, Yakovleva LY, Marchenko YY, Dobrodumov AV, Mikhrina AL, Martynova MG, Bystrova OA, Yakovenko IV, Ischenko AM. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated with epidermal growth factor (SPION-EGF) for targeting brain tumors. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:273-87. [PMID: 24421639 PMCID: PMC3888267 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s55118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) conjugated with recombinant human epidermal growth factor (SPION–EGF) were studied as a potential agent for magnetic resonance imaging contrast enhancement of malignant brain tumors. Synthesized conjugates were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry. The interaction of SPION–EGF conjugates with cells was analyzed in a C6 glioma cell culture. The distribution of the nanoparticles and their accumulation in tumors were assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in an orthotopic model of C6 gliomas. SPION–EGF nanosuspensions had the properties of a negative contrast agent with high coefficients of relaxation efficiency. In vitro studies of SPION–EGF nanoparticles showed high intracellular incorporation and the absence of a toxic influence on C6 cell viability and proliferation. Intravenous administration of SPION–EGF conjugates in animals provided receptor-mediated targeted delivery across the blood–brain barrier and tumor retention of the nanoparticles; this was more efficient than with unconjugated SPIONs. The accumulation of conjugates in the glioma was revealed as hypotensive zones on T2-weighted images with a twofold reduction in T2 relaxation time in comparison to unconjugated SPIONs (P<0.001). SPION–EGF conjugates provide targeted delivery and efficient magnetic resonance contrast enhancement of EGFR-overexpressing C6 gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim A Shevtsov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), St Petersburg, Russia ; AL Polenov Russian Scientific Research Institute of Neurosurgery, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Boris P Nikolaev
- Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, St Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | - Anatolii V Dobrodumov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasiya L Mikhrina
- IM Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Marina G Martynova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga A Bystrova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Igor V Yakovenko
- AL Polenov Russian Scientific Research Institute of Neurosurgery, St Petersburg, Russia
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Ji T, Zhao Y, Ding Y, Nie G. Using functional nanomaterials to target and regulate the tumor microenvironment: diagnostic and therapeutic applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:3508-25. [PMID: 23703805 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201300299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Malignant tumors remain a major health burden throughout the world and effective therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Cancer nanotechnology, as an integrated platform, has the potential to dramatically improve cancer diagnosis, imaging, and therapy, while reducing the toxicity associated with the current approaches. Tumor microenvironment is an ensemble performance of various stromal cells and extracellular matrix. The recent progress in understanding the critical roles and the underlying mechanisms of the tumor microenvironment on tumor progression has resulted in emerging diagnostic and therapeutic nanomaterials designed and engineered specifically targeting the microenvironment components. Meanwhile, the bio-physicochemical differences between tumor and normal tissues have recently been exploited to achieve specific tumor-targeting for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Here, the major players in the tumor microenvironment and their biochemical properties, which can be utilized for the design of multifunctional nanomaterials with the potential to target and regulate this niche, are summarized. The recent progress in engineering intelligent and versatile nanomaterials for targeting and regulating the tumor microenvironment is emphasized. Although further investigations are required to develop robust methods for more specific tumor-targeting and well-controlled nanomaterials, the applications of tumor microenvironment regulation-based nanotechnology for safer and more effective anticancer nanomedicines have been proven successful and will eventually revolutionize the current landscape of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
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Zhao M, Li A, Chang J, Fu X, Zhang Z, Yan R, Wang H, Liang S. Develop a novel superparamagnetic nano-carrier for drug delivery to brain glioma. Drug Deliv 2013; 20:95-101. [DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2013.779328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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SPIO-conjugated, doxorubicin-loaded microbubbles for concurrent MRI and focused-ultrasound enhanced brain-tumor drug delivery. Biomaterials 2013; 34:3706-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.01.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sensenig R, Sapir Y, MacDonald C, Cohen S, Polyak B. Magnetic nanoparticle-based approaches to locally target therapy and enhance tissue regeneration in vivo. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2013; 7:1425-42. [PMID: 22994959 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.12.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic-based systems utilizing superparamagnetic nanoparticles and a magnetic field gradient to exert a force on these particles have been used in a wide range of biomedical applications. This review is focused on drug targeting applications that require penetration of a cellular barrier as well as strategies to improve the efficacy of targeting in these biomedical applications. Another focus of this review is regenerative applications utilizing tissue engineered scaffolds prepared with the aid of magnetic particles, the use of remote actuation for release of bioactive molecules and magneto-mechanical cell stimulation, cell seeding and cell patterning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Sensenig
- Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, PA 19102, USA
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Yang HW, Hua MY, Liu HL, Huang CY, Wei KC. Potential of magnetic nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 2012; 5:73-86. [PMID: 24198498 DOI: 10.2147/nsa.s35506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) play an important role in the molecular diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of therapeutic outcomes in various diseases. Their nanoscale size, large surface area, unique capabilities, and negligible side effects make NPs highly effective for biomedical applications such as cancer therapy, thrombolysis, and molecular imaging. In particular, nontoxic superparamagnetic magnetic NPs (MNPs) with functionalized surface coatings can conjugate chemotherapeutic drugs or be used to target ligands/proteins, making them useful for drug delivery, targeted therapy, magnetic resonance imaging, transfection, and cell/protein/DNA separation. To optimize the therapeutic efficacy of MNPs for a specific application, three issues must be addressed. First, the efficacy of magnetic targeting/guidance is dependent on particle magnetization, which can be controlled by adjusting the reaction conditions during synthesis. Second, the tendency of MNPs to aggregate limits their therapeutic use in vivo; surface modifications to produce high positive or negative charges can reduce this tendency. Finally, the surface of MNPs can be coated with drugs which can be rapidly released after injection, resulting in targeting of low doses of the drug. Drugs therefore need to be conjugated to MNPs such that their release is delayed and their thermal stability enhanced. This chapter describes the creation of nanocarriers with a high drug-loading capacity comprised of a high-magnetization MNP core and a shell of aqueous, stable, conducting polyaniline derivatives and their applications in cancer therapy. It further summarizes some newly developed methods to synthesize and modify the surfaces of MNPs and their biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Wei Yang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan ; Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung University and Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Nduom EK, Bouras A, Kaluzova M, Hadjipanayis CG. Nanotechnology applications for glioblastoma. Neurosurg Clin N Am 2012; 23:439-49. [PMID: 22748656 DOI: 10.1016/j.nec.2012.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma remains one of the most difficult cancers to treat and represents the most common primary malignancy of the brain. Although conventional treatments have found modest success in reducing the initial tumor burden, infiltrating cancer cells beyond the main mass are responsible for tumor recurrence and ultimate patient demise. Targeting residual infiltrating cancer cells requires the development of new treatment strategies. The emerging field of cancer nanotechnology holds promise in the use of multifunctional nanoparticles for imaging and targeted therapy of glioblastoma. This article examines the current state of nanotechnology in the treatment of glioblastoma and directions of further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edjah K Nduom
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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32
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Liu HL, Yang HW, Hua MY, Wei KC. Enhanced therapeutic agent delivery through magnetic resonance imaging-monitored focused ultrasound blood-brain barrier disruption for brain tumor treatment: an overview of the current preclinical status. Neurosurg Focus 2012; 32:E4. [PMID: 22208897 DOI: 10.3171/2011.10.focus11238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Malignant glioma is a severe primary CNS cancer with a high recurrence and mortality rate. The current strategy of surgical debulking combined with radiation therapy or chemotherapy does not provide good prognosis, tumor progression control, or improved patient survival. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) acts as a major obstacle to chemotherapeutic treatment of brain tumors by severely restricting drug delivery into the brain. Because of their high toxicity, chemotherapeutic drugs cannot be administered at sufficient concentrations by conventional delivery methods to significantly improve long-term survival of patients with brain tumors. Temporal disruption of the BBB by microbubble-enhanced focused ultrasound (FUS) exposure can increase CNS-blood permeability, providing a promising new direction to increase the concentration of therapeutic agents in the brain tumor and improve disease control. Under the guidance and monitoring of MR imaging, a brain drug-delivery platform can be developed to control and monitor therapeutic agent distribution and kinetics. The success of FUS BBB disruption in delivering a variety of therapeutic molecules into brain tumors has recently been demonstrated in an animal model. In this paper the authors review a number of critical studies that have demonstrated successful outcomes, including enhancement of the delivery of traditional clinically used chemotherapeutic agents or application of novel nanocarrier designs for actively transporting drugs or extending drug half-lives to significantly improve treatment efficacy in preclinical animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Li Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
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Wankhede M, Bouras A, Kaluzova M, Hadjipanayis CG. Magnetic nanoparticles: an emerging technology for malignant brain tumor imaging and therapy. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2012; 5:173-86. [PMID: 22390560 PMCID: PMC3461264 DOI: 10.1586/ecp.12.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) represent a promising nanomaterial for the targeted therapy and imaging of malignant brain tumors. Conjugation of peptides or antibodies to the surface of MNPs allows direct targeting of the tumor cell surface and potential disruption of active signaling pathways present in tumor cells. Delivery of nanoparticles to malignant brain tumors represents a formidable challenge due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier and infiltrating cancer cells in the normal brain. Newer strategies permit better delivery of MNPs systemically and by direct convection-enhanced delivery to the brain. Completion of a human clinical trial involving direct injection of MNPs into recurrent malignant brain tumors for thermotherapy has established their feasibility, safety and efficacy in patients. Future translational studies are in progress to understand the promising impact of MNPs in the treatment of malignant brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Wankhede
- Brain Tumor Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, 1365B Clifton Road NE, Suite 6200, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Alexandros Bouras
- Brain Tumor Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, 1365B Clifton Road NE, Suite 6200, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Milota Kaluzova
- Brain Tumor Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, 1365B Clifton Road NE, Suite 6200, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Costas G Hadjipanayis
- Brain Tumor Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, 1365B Clifton Road NE, Suite 6200, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Schroeder A, Heller DA, Winslow MM, Dahlman JE, Pratt GW, Langer R, Jacks T, Anderson DG. Treating metastatic cancer with nanotechnology. Nat Rev Cancer 2011; 12:39-50. [PMID: 22193407 DOI: 10.1038/nrc3180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 787] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis accounts for the vast majority of cancer deaths. The unique challenges for treating metastases include their small size, high multiplicity and dispersion to diverse organ environments. Nanoparticles have many potential benefits for diagnosing and treating metastatic cancer, including the ability to transport complex molecular cargoes to the major sites of metastasis, such as the lungs, liver and lymph nodes, as well as targeting to specific cell populations within these organs. This Review highlights the research, opportunities and challenges for integrating engineering sciences with cancer biology and medicine to develop nanotechnology-based tools for treating metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avi Schroeder
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Cole AJ, David AE, Wang J, Galbán CJ, Yang VC. Magnetic brain tumor targeting and biodistribution of long-circulating PEG-modified, cross-linked starch-coated iron oxide nanoparticles. Biomaterials 2011; 32:6291-301. [PMID: 21684593 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) have been studied to circumvent the limitations of status-quo brain tumor therapy and can be targeted by applying an external magnetic field to lesions. To address the pharmacokinetic shortcomings of MNPs that can limit targeting efficiency, we recently reported a long-circulating polyethylene glycol modified, cross-linked starch MNP (PEG-MNP) suitable for magnetic targeting. Using a rat model, this work explores the biodistribution patterns of PEG-MNPs in organs of elimination (liver, spleen, lung, and kidney) and shows proof-of-concept that enhanced magnetic brain tumor targeting can be achieved due to the relatively long circulation lifetime of the nanoparticles. Reductions in liver (∼12-fold) and spleen (∼2.5-fold) PEG-MNP concentrations at 1h compared to parent starch-coated MNPs (D) confirm plasma pharmacokinetics observed previously. While liver concentrations of PEG-MNPs remained considerably lower than those observed for D at 1h through 60 h, spleen values continue to increase and are markedly higher at later time points--a trend also observed with histology. Limited to no distribution of PEG-MNPs was visualized in lung or kidney throughout the 60 h course evaluated. Enhanced, selective magnetic brain tumor targeting (t = 1 h) of PEG-MNPs (12 mg Fe/kg) was confirmed in 9L-glioma tumors, with up to 1.0% injected dose/g tissue nanoparticle delivery achieved--a 15-fold improvement over targeted D (0.07% injected dose/g tissue). MRI and histological analyses visually confirmed enhanced targeting and also suggest a limited contribution of passive mechanisms to tissue retention of nanoparticles. Our results are exciting and justify both further development of PEG-MNP as a drug delivery platform and concurrent optimization of the magnetic brain tumor targeting strategy utilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Cole
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1065, USA
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36
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van de Ven AL, Kim P, Haley O, Fakhoury JR, Adriani G, Schmulen J, Moloney P, Hussain F, Ferrari M, Liu X, Yun SH, Decuzzi P. Rapid tumoritropic accumulation of systemically injected plateloid particles and their biodistribution. J Control Release 2011; 158:148-55. [PMID: 22062689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2011] [Revised: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles for cancer therapy and imaging are designed to accumulate in the diseased tissue by exploiting the Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) effect. This limits their size to about 100nm. Here, using intravital microscopy and elemental analysis, we compare the in vivo localization of particles with different geometries and demonstrate that plateloid particles preferentially accumulate within the tumor vasculature at unprecedented levels, independent of the EPR effect. In melanoma-bearing mice, 1000×400nm plateloid particles adhered to the tumor vasculature at about 5% and 10% of the injected dose per gram organ (ID/g) for untargeted and RGD-targeted particles respectively, and exhibited the highest tumor-to-liver accumulation ratios (0.22 and 0.35). Smaller and larger plateloid particles, as well as cylindroid particles, were more extensively sequestered by the liver, spleen, and lungs. Plateloid particles appeared well-suited for taking advantage of hydrodynamic forces and interfacial interactions required for efficient tumoritropic accumulation, even without using specific targeting ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne L van de Ven
- Department of Translational Imaging and Department of Nanomedicine, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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David AE, Cole AJ, Yang VC. Magnetically targeted nanoparticles for brain tumor therapy: what does the future hold? Nanomedicine (Lond) 2011; 6:1133-5. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.11.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Allan E David
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, USA
| | - Adam J Cole
- College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, USA and Stanford University, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5427, USA
| | - Victor C Yang
- College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, USA and School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University & Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, Tianjin 300070, China
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Self-protecting core-shell magnetic nanoparticles for targeted, traceable, long half-life delivery of BCNU to gliomas. Biomaterials 2011; 32:6523-32. [PMID: 21645920 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The successful delivery of anti-cancer drugs relies on the simultaneous capability to actively target a specific location, a sufficient lifetime in the active form in the circulation, and traceability and quantification of drug distribution via in vivo medical imaging. Herein, a highly magnetic nanocarrier (HMNC) composed of an Fe(3)O(4) core and an aqueous-stable, self-doped poly[N-(1-one-butyric acid)]aniline (SPAnH) shell was chemically synthesized. This nanocarrier exhibited a high capacity for 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) drug loading. BCNU and o-(2-aminoethyl)polyethylene glycol (EPEG) were covalently immobilized on the surface of the HMNC to form a self-protecting magnetic nanomedicine (i.e., SPMNM) that could simultaneously provide low reticuloendothelial system uptake, high active-targeting, and in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) traceability. Meanwhile, the SPMNM was found to reduce the phagocytosis by macrophages and reduce the hydrolysis rate of BCNU. The high magnetization (approximately 1.2-fold higher than Resovist) of the HMNC allowed efficient magnetic targeting to the tumor. The synergetic drug delivery approach provided approximately a 3.4-fold improvement of the drug's half-life (from 18 h to 62 h) and significantly prolonged the median survival rate in animals that received a low dose of BCNU, compared with those that received a high dose of free BCNU (63 days for those that received 4.5 mg BCNU/kg carried by the nanocarrier versus 50 days for those that received 13.5 mg of free-BCNU). This improvement could enhance the potential of magnetic targeting therapy in clinical applications of cancer treatments.
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Magnetically-enabled and MR-monitored selective brain tumor protein delivery in rats via magnetic nanocarriers. Biomaterials 2011; 32:6245-53. [PMID: 21632104 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2011] [Accepted: 05/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The delivery of bioactive proteins to tumors is associated with many difficulties that have impeded clinical translation of these promising therapeutics. Herein we present an approach, including (1) use of magnetically-responsive and MRI-visible nanoparticles as drug carriers, (2) topography-optimized intra-arterial magnetic targeting, (3) MRI-guided subject alignment within the magnetic field, and (4) surface modification of the protein drug with membrane-permeable polyethyleneimine (PEI), to prevail over the obstacles in protein delivery. Applying these methodologies, we demonstrated the delivery of a significant quantity of β-galactosidase selectively into brain tumors of glioma-bearing rats, while limiting the exposure of normal brain regions. Clinical viability of the technologies utilized, and the ability to deliver proteins at high nanomolar-range tumor concentrations, sufficient to completely eradicate a tumor lesion with existing picomolar-potency protein toxins, renders the prospect of enabling protein-based cancer therapy extremely promising.
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Cole AJ, Yang VC, David AE. Cancer theranostics: the rise of targeted magnetic nanoparticles. Trends Biotechnol 2011; 29:323-32. [PMID: 21489647 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2011.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Revised: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Interest in utilizing magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) for biomedical applications has increased considerably over the past two decades. This excitement has been driven in large part by the success of MNPs as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging. The recent investigative trend with respect to cancer has continued down a diagnostic path, but has also turned toward concurrent therapy, giving rise to the distinction of MNPs as potential "theranostics". Here we review both the key technical principles of MNPs and ongoing advancement toward a cancer theranostic MNP. Recent progress in diagnostics, hyperthermia treatments, and drug delivery are all considered. We conclude by identifying current barriers to clinical translation of MNPs and offer considerations for their future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Cole
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, USA
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Caruso G, Caffo M, Alafaci C, Raudino G, Cafarella D, Lucerna S, Salpietro FM, Tomasello F. Could nanoparticle systems have a role in the treatment of cerebral gliomas? NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2011; 7:744-52. [PMID: 21419873 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2011.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2010] [Revised: 12/01/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Malignant brain tumors are difficult to manage clinically and are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Late diagnosis and the limitations of conventional therapies that may result from inefficient delivery of the therapeutic or contrast agent to brain tumors due to the blood-brain barrier and nonspecificity of the agents, are major reasons for this unsolved clinical problem. Nanotechnology involves the design, synthesis, and characterization of materials and devices that have a functional organization in at least one dimension on the nanometer scale. The nanoparticle has emerged as a potential vector for brain delivery, able to overcome the difficulties of modern strategies. Moreover, multifunctionality can be engineered into a single nanoplatform so that it can provide tumor-specific detection, treatment, and follow-up monitoring. This review reports the latest research in nanoparticle-based glioma treatment. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR In recent years, nanoparticles have emerged as potential delivery vectors targeting brain tumors, including multifunctional NP-s allowing tumor-specific detection, treatment, and follow-up monitoring. This review summarizes the latest research in nanoparticle-based glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Caruso
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychiatry and Anaesthesiology, Neurosurgical Clinic, University of Messina School of Medicine, Messina, Italy.
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David AE, Cole AJ, Chertok B, Park YS, Yang VC. A combined theoretical and in vitro modeling approach for predicting the magnetic capture and retention of magnetic nanoparticles in vivo. J Control Release 2011; 152:67-75. [PMID: 21295085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Accepted: 01/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) continue to draw considerable attention as potential diagnostic and therapeutic tools in the fight against cancer. Although many interacting forces present themselves during magnetic targeting of MNP to tumors, most theoretical considerations of this process ignore all except for the magnetic and drag forces. Our validation of a simple in vitro model against in vivo data, and subsequent reproduction of the in vitro results with a theoretical model indicated that these two forces do indeed dominate the magnetic capture of MNP. However, because nanoparticles can be subject to aggregation, and large MNP experience an increased magnetic force, the effects of surface forces on MNP stability cannot be ignored. We accounted for the aggregating surface forces simply by measuring the size of MNP retained from flow by magnetic fields, and utilized this size in the mathematical model. This presumably accounted for all particle-particle interactions, including those between magnetic dipoles. Thus, our "corrected" mathematical model provided a reasonable estimate of not only fractional MNP retention, but also predicted the regions of accumulation in a simulated capillary. Furthermore, the model was also utilized to calculate the effects of MNP size and spatial location, relative to the magnet, on targeting of MNPs to tumors. This combination of an in vitro model with a theoretical model could potentially assist with parametric evaluations of magnetic targeting, and enable rapid enhancement and optimization of magnetic targeting methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan E David
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Magnetic nanoparticles as targeted delivery systems in oncology. Radiol Oncol 2011; 45:1-16. [PMID: 22933928 PMCID: PMC3423716 DOI: 10.2478/v10019-011-0001-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many different types of nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles being just a category among them, offer exciting opportunities for technologies at the interfaces between chemistry, physics and biology. Some magnetic nanoparticles have already been utilized in clinical practice as contrast enhancing agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, their physicochemical properties are constantly being improved upon also for other biological applications, such as magnetically-guided delivery systems for different therapeutics. By exposure of magnetic nanoparticles with attached therapeutics to an external magnetic field with appropriate characteristics, they are concentrated and retained at the preferred site which enables the targeted delivery of therapeutics to the desired spot. CONCLUSIONS The idea of binding chemotherapeutics to magnetic nanoparticles has been around for 30 years, however, no magnetic nanoparticles as delivery systems have yet been approved for clinical practice. Recently, binding of nucleic acids to magnetic nanoparticles has been demonstrated as a successful non-viral transfection method of different cell lines in vitro. With the optimization of this method called magnetofection, it will hopefully become another form of gene delivery for the treatment of cancer.
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Large-scale production of magnetosomes by chemostat culture of Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense at high cell density. Microb Cell Fact 2010; 9:99. [PMID: 21144001 PMCID: PMC3019156 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-9-99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 12/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetotactic bacteria have long intrigued researchers because they synthesize intracellular nano-scale (40-100 nm) magnetic particles composed of Fe3O4, termed magnetosomes. Current research focuses on the molecular mechanisms of bacterial magnetosome formation and its practical applications in biotechnology and medicine. Practical applications of magnetosomes are based on their ferrimagnetism, nanoscale size, narrow size distribution, dispersal ability, and membrane-bound structure. However, the applications of magnetosomes have not yet been developed commercially, mainly because magnetotactic bacteria are difficult to cultivate and consistent, high yields of magnetosomes have not yet been achieved. RESULTS We report a chemostat culture technique based on pH-stat feeding that yields a high cell density of Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense strain MSR-1 in an auto-fermentor. In a large-scale fermentor, the magnetosome yield was significantly increased by adjusting the stirring rate and airflow which regulates the level of dissolved oxygen (DO). Low concentration of sodium lactate (2.3 mmol l-1) in the culture medium resulted in more rapid cell growth and higher magnetosome yield than high concentration of lactate (20 mmol l-1). The optical density of M. gryphiswaldense cells reached 12 OD565 nm after 36 hr culture in a 42 L fermentor. Magnetosome yield and productivity were 83.23 ± 5.36 mg l-1 (dry weight) and 55.49 mg l-1 day-1, respectively, which were 1.99 and 3.32 times higher than the corresponding values in our previous study. CONCLUSIONS Compared to previously reported methods, our culture technique with the MSR-1 strain significantly increased cell density, cell yield, and magnetosome yield in a shorter time window and thus reduced the cost of production. The cell density and magnetosome yield reported here are the highest so far achieved with a magnetotactic bacteria. Refinement of this technique will enable further increase of cell density and magnetosome yield.
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Just N. Histogram analysis of the microvasculature of intracerebral human and murine glioma xenografts. Magn Reson Med 2010; 65:778-89. [PMID: 21337410 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2010] [Revised: 08/26/2010] [Accepted: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the usefulness of histogram analysis combined with vessel size index (VSI) magnetic resonance imaging for the specific characterization of brain tumor microvasculature in a panel of six volume-matched glioma xenografts. Using a simple descriptive histogram analysis, significant differences of the mean tumoral VSI (P=0.0035 for 9L, P=0.008 for glioma mix, P=0.05 for C6), the 75th VSI percentile (P=0.003-0.075) as well as the 25th and median blood volume (BV) percentiles were found in murine gliomas compared to their contralateral healthy brain. Using a segmented histogram analysis, dilatation of already existing vessels in murine gliomas and development of new small caliber vessels in human glioblastomas were suggested. Most gliomas showed a higher proportion of pixels with BV below 1% (glioma mix [21% vs 1%], Glioblastoma 2 (GBM2) [9% vs 3.7%]) and a smaller proportion of pixels with BV in the range 1.7-6.3% (65 vs 90% for glioma mix, 80 vs 85% in GBM2) relative to their contralateral part. In glioblastomas, VSI and BV distributions were similar to normal brain distributions and in agreement with immunohistochemical findings. The histogram analysis of VSI and BV heterogeneity in experimental brain tumors allowed detection of microregional differences in gliomas from different origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Just
- Laboratory for functional and metabolic imaging (LIFMET), EPFL, UNIL, Centre d'Imagerie Biomédicale, Department of Radiology, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Magnetic resonance monitoring of focused ultrasound/magnetic nanoparticle targeting delivery of therapeutic agents to the brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:15205-10. [PMID: 20696897 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1003388107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The superparamagnetic properties of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) allow them to be guided by an externally positioned magnet and also provide contrast for MRI. However, their therapeutic use in treating CNS pathologies in vivo is limited by insufficient local accumulation and retention resulting from their inability to traverse biological barriers. The combined use of focused ultrasound and magnetic targeting synergistically delivers therapeutic MNPs across the blood-brain barrier to enter the brain both passively and actively. Therapeutic MNPs were characterized and evaluated both in vitro and in vivo, and MRI was used to monitor and quantify their distribution in vivo. The technique could be used in normal brains or in those with tumors, and significantly increased the deposition of therapeutic MNPs in brains with intact or compromised blood-brain barriers. Synergistic targeting and image monitoring are powerful techniques for the delivery of macromolecular chemotherapeutic agents into the CNS under the guidance of MRI.
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Chen PY, Liu HL, Hua MY, Yang HW, Huang CY, Chu PC, Lyu LA, Tseng IC, Feng LY, Tsai HC, Chen SM, Lu YJ, Wang JJ, Yen TC, Ma YH, Wu T, Chen JP, Chuang JI, Shin JW, Hsueh C, Wei KC. Novel magnetic/ultrasound focusing system enhances nanoparticle drug delivery for glioma treatment. Neuro Oncol 2010; 12:1050-60. [PMID: 20663792 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noq054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant glioma is a common and severe primary brain tumor with a high recurrence rate and an extremely high mortality rate within 2 years of diagnosis, even when surgical, radiological, and chemotherapeutic interventions are applied. Intravenously administered drugs have limited use because of their adverse systemic effects and poor blood-brain barrier penetration. Here, we combine 2 methods to increase drug delivery to brain tumors. Focused ultrasound transiently permeabilizes the blood-brain barrier, increasing passive diffusion. Subsequent application of an external magnetic field then actively enhances localization of a chemotherapeutic agent immobilized on a novel magnetic nanoparticle. Combining these techniques significantly improved the delivery of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea to rodent gliomas. Furthermore, the physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles allowed their delivery to be monitored by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The resulting suppression of tumor progression without damaging the normal regions of the brain was verified by MRI and histological examination. This noninvasive, reversible technique promises to provide a more effective and tolerable means of tumor treatment, with lower therapeutic doses and concurrent clinical monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Yuan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang-Gung University and Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333
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Hadjipanayis CG, Machaidze R, Kaluzova M, Wang L, Schuette AJ, Chen H, Wu X, Mao H. EGFRvIII antibody-conjugated iron oxide nanoparticles for magnetic resonance imaging-guided convection-enhanced delivery and targeted therapy of glioblastoma. Cancer Res 2010; 70:6303-12. [PMID: 20647323 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-1022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic nanoparticle has emerged as a potential multifunctional clinical tool that can provide cancer cell detection by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast enhancement as well as targeted cancer cell therapy. A major barrier in the use of nanotechnology for brain tumor applications is the difficulty in delivering nanoparticles to intracranial tumors. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP; 10 nm in core size) conjugated to a purified antibody that selectively binds to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) deletion mutant (EGFRvIII) present on human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells were used for therapeutic targeting and MRI contrast enhancement of experimental glioblastoma, both in vitro and in vivo, after convection-enhanced delivery (CED). A significant decrease in glioblastoma cell survival was observed after nanoparticle treatment and no toxicity was observed with treatment of human astrocytes (P < 0.001). Lower EGFR phosphorylation was found in glioblastoma cells after EGFRvIIIAb-IONP treatment. Apoptosis was determined to be the mode of cell death after treatment of GBM cells and glioblastoma stem cell-containing neurospheres with EGFRvIIIAb-IONPs. MRI-guided CED of EGFRvIIIAb-IONPs allowed for the initial distribution of magnetic nanoparticles within or adjacent to intracranial human xenograft tumors and continued dispersion days later. A significant increase in animal survival was found after CED of magnetic nanoparticles (P < 0.01) in mice implanted with highly tumorigenic glioblastoma xenografts (U87DeltaEGFRvIII). IONPs conjugated to an antibody specific to the EGFRvIII deletion mutant constitutively expressed by human glioblastoma tumors can provide selective MRI contrast enhancement of tumor cells and targeted therapy of infiltrative glioblastoma cells after CED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costas G Hadjipanayis
- Brain Tumor Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
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Asadishad B, Vosoughi M, Alamzadeh I, Tavakoli A. Synthesis of Folate-Modified, Polyethylene Glycol-Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles for Targeted Drug Delivery. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/01932690903213113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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50
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Asadishad B, Vossoughi M, Alemzadeh I. Folate-Receptor-Targeted Delivery of Doxorubicin Using Polyethylene Glycol-Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles. Ind Eng Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ie9011479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Asadishad
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Institute of Nanoscience, and Biochemical and Bioenvironmental Research Center, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Manouchehr Vossoughi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Institute of Nanoscience, and Biochemical and Bioenvironmental Research Center, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iran Alemzadeh
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Institute of Nanoscience, and Biochemical and Bioenvironmental Research Center, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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