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Barrett L, Coopman K. Cell microencapsulation techniques for cancer modelling and drug discovery. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 52:345-354. [PMID: 38829715 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2024.2359996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Cell encapsulation into spherical microparticles is a promising bioengineering tool in many fields, including 3D cancer modelling and pre-clinical drug discovery. Cancer microencapsulation models can more accurately reflect the complex solid tumour microenvironment than 2D cell culture and therefore would improve drug discovery efforts. However, these microcapsules, typically in the range of 1 - 5000 µm in diameter, must be carefully designed and amenable to high-throughput production. This review therefore aims to outline important considerations in the design of cancer cell microencapsulation models for drug discovery applications and examine current techniques to produce these. Extrusion (dripping) droplet generation and emulsion-based techniques are highlighted and their suitability to high-throughput drug screening in terms of tumour physiology and ease of scale up is evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Barrett
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Aeronautical, Automotive, Chemical and Materials Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Karen Coopman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Aeronautical, Automotive, Chemical and Materials Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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2
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Hasturk O, Sahoo JK, Kaplan DL. Synthesis and characterization of silk-poly(guluronate) hybrid polymers for the fabrication of dual crosslinked, mechanically dynamic hydrogels. POLYMER 2023; 281:126129. [PMID: 37483847 PMCID: PMC10357961 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.126129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The rapid ionic crosslinking of alginate has been actively studied for biomedical applications including hydrogel scaffolds for tissue engineering, injectable gels, and 3D bioprinting. However, the poor structural stability of ionic crosslinks under physiological conditions limits the widespread applications of these hydrogels. Moreover, the lack of cell adhesion to the material combined with the inability of proteases to degrade alginate further restrict utility as hydrogel scaffolds. Blends of alginate with silk fibroin have been proposed for improved structural and mechanical properties, but potential phase separation between the hydrophobic protein and the hydrophilic polysaccharide remains an issue. In this study, we demonstrated the synthesis of a hybrid biopolymer composed of a silk backbone with side chains of poly(guluronate) isolated from alginate to introduce rapid ionic crosslinking on enzymatically crosslinked silk-based hydrogels for on-demand and reversible stiffening and softening properties. Dual crosslinked macro- and microgels of silk fibroin-poly(guluronate) (SF-PG) hybrid polymers displayed dynamic morphology with reversible shrinking and swelling behavior. SF-PG hydrogel discs demonstrated dynamic mechanics with compressive moduli ranging from less than 5 kPa to over 80 kPa and underwent proteolytic degradation unlike covalently crosslinked alginate controls. SF-PG gels supplemented with gelatin substituted with tyramine or both tyramine and PG also supported the attachment and survival of murine fibroblasts, suggesting potential uses of these new hydrogels in mammalian cell culture to investigate cellular responses to dynamic mechanics or modeling of diseases defined by matrix mechanics, such as fibrosis and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Hasturk
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford MA, USA
| | | | - David L Kaplan
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford MA, USA
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Lopes-Pacheco M, Rocco PRM. Functional enhancement strategies to potentiate the therapeutic properties of mesenchymal stromal cells for respiratory diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1067422. [PMID: 37007034 PMCID: PMC10062457 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1067422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory diseases remain a major health concern worldwide because they subject patients to considerable financial and psychosocial burdens and result in a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Although significant progress has been made in understanding the underlying pathologic mechanisms of severe respiratory diseases, most therapies are supportive, aiming to mitigate symptoms and slow down their progressive course but cannot improve lung function or reverse tissue remodeling. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are at the forefront of the regenerative medicine field due to their unique biomedical potential in promoting immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and antimicrobial activities, and tissue repair in various experimental models. However, despite several years of preclinical research on MSCs, therapeutic outcomes have fallen far short in early-stage clinical trials for respiratory diseases. This limited efficacy has been associated with several factors, such as reduced MSC homing, survival, and infusion in the late course of lung disease. Accordingly, genetic engineering and preconditioning methods have emerged as functional enhancement strategies to potentiate the therapeutic actions of MSCs and thus achieve better clinical outcomes. This narrative review describes various strategies that have been investigated in the experimental setting to functionally potentiate the therapeutic properties of MSCs for respiratory diseases. These include changes in culture conditions, exposure of MSCs to inflammatory environments, pharmacological agents or other substances, and genetic manipulation for enhanced and sustained expression of genes of interest. Future directions and challenges in efficiently translating MSC research into clinical practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquéias Lopes-Pacheco
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Miquéias Lopes-Pacheco, ; Patricia R. M. Rocco,
| | - Patricia R. M. Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Miquéias Lopes-Pacheco, ; Patricia R. M. Rocco,
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Samadi A, Moammeri A, Pourmadadi M, Abbasi P, Hosseinpour Z, Farokh A, Shamsabadipour A, Heydari M, Mohammadi MR. Cell Encapsulation and 3D Bioprinting for Therapeutic Cell Transplantation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:1862-1890. [PMID: 36877212 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
The promise of cell therapy has been augmented by introducing biomaterials, where intricate scaffold shapes are fabricated to accommodate the cells within. In this review, we first discuss cell encapsulation and the promising potential of biomaterials to overcome challenges associated with cell therapy, particularly cellular function and longevity. More specifically, cell therapies in the context of autoimmune disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer are reviewed from the perspectives of preclinical findings as well as available clinical data. Next, techniques to fabricate cell-biomaterials constructs, focusing on emerging 3D bioprinting technologies, will be reviewed. 3D bioprinting is an advancing field that enables fabricating complex, interconnected, and consistent cell-based constructs capable of scaling up highly reproducible cell-biomaterials platforms with high precision. It is expected that 3D bioprinting devices will expand and become more precise, scalable, and appropriate for clinical manufacturing. Rather than one printer fits all, seeing more application-specific printer types, such as a bioprinter for bone tissue fabrication, which would be different from a bioprinter for skin tissue fabrication, is anticipated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirmasoud Samadi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 6000 Interdisciplinary Science & Engineering Building (ISEB), Irvine, California 92617, United States
| | - Ali Moammeri
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Enghelab Square, 16 Azar Street, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
| | - Mehrab Pourmadadi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Enghelab Square, 16 Azar Street, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
| | - Parisa Abbasi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, Tehran 1458889694, Iran
| | - Zeinab Hosseinpour
- Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol 4714871167, Mazandaran Province, Iran
| | - Arian Farokh
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Enghelab Square, 16 Azar Street, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
| | - Amin Shamsabadipour
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Enghelab Square, 16 Azar Street, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
| | - Maryam Heydari
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, University of Kharazmi, Tehran 199389373, Iran
| | - M Rezaa Mohammadi
- Dale E. and Sarah Ann Fowler School of Engineering, Chapman University, Orange, California 92866, United States
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Liu PL, Diao JY, Wang Q, Liu H, Zhang Y, Liang JQ, Zhang F, Liang XJ, Zhao HM. Cartilage Damage Pathological Characteristics of Diabetic Neuropathic Osteoarthropathy. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2023; 2023:7573165. [PMID: 37197158 PMCID: PMC10185426 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7573165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic neuropathic osteoarthropathy (DNOAP) is a rare and easily missed complication for diabetes that leads to increased morbidity and mortality. DNOAP is characterized by progressive destruction of bone and joint, but its pathogenesis remains elusive. We herein aimed to investigate the pathological features and pathogenesis of the cartilages damage in DNOAP patients. Methods The articular cartilages of eight patients with DNOAP and eight normal controls were included. Masson staining and safranine O/fixed green staining (S-O) were used to observe the histopathological characteristics of cartilage. The ultrastructure and morphology of chondrocytes were detected by electron microscopy and toluidine blue staining. Chondrocytes were isolated from DNOAP group and control group. The expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and Aggrecan protein was evaluated by western blot. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured using a 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) probe. The percentage of apoptotic cells was determined by flow cytometry (FCM). The chondrocytes were cultured with different glucose concentrations to observe the expression of RANKL and OPG. Results Compared with the control group, the DNOAP group showed fewer chondrocytes, subchondral bone hyperplasia, and structural disorder, and a large number of osteoclasts formed in the subchondral bone area. Moreover, mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum swellings were observed in the DNOAP chondrocytes. The chromatin was partially broken and concentrated at the edge of nuclear membrane. The ROS fluorescence intensity of chondrocyte in DNOAP group was higher than that in normal control group (28.1 ± 2.3 vs. 11.9 ± 0.7; P < 0.05). The expression of RANKL, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 protein in DNOAP group was higher than that in normal control group, whereas OPG and Aggrecan protein were lower than that in normal control group (both P < 0.05). FCM showed that the apoptotic rate of chondrocyte in DNOAP group was higher than that in normal control group (P < 0.05). The RANKL/OPG ratio showed significant upward trend when the concentration of glucose was over than 15 mM. Conclusions DNOAP patients tend to have severe destruction of articular cartilage and collapse of organelle structure including mitochondrion and endoplasm reticulum. Indicators of bone metabolism (RANKL and OPG) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) play an important role in promoting the pathogenesis of DNOAP. The glucose concentration higher than 15 mM made the RANKL/OPG ratio change rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Long Liu
- Foot and Ankle Surgery Department, Honghui Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Nanguo Road, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Jia-Yu Diao
- Cardiovascular Department, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Foot and Ankle Surgery Department, Honghui Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Nanguo Road, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Huan Liu
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710086, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Foot and Ankle Surgery Department, Honghui Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Nanguo Road, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Jing-Qi Liang
- Foot and Ankle Surgery Department, Honghui Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Nanguo Road, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710086, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Liang
- Foot and Ankle Surgery Department, Honghui Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Nanguo Road, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Hong-Mou Zhao
- Foot and Ankle Surgery Department, Honghui Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Nanguo Road, Xi'an 710054, China
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Santos Beato P, Poologasundarampillai G, Nommeots-Nomm A, Kalaskar DM. Materials for 3D printing in medicine: metals, polymers, ceramics, and hydrogels. 3D Print Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-89831-7.00002-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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Bono N, Saroglia G, Marcuzzo S, Giagnorio E, Lauria G, Rosini E, De Nardo L, Athanassiou A, Candiani G, Perotto G. Silk fibroin microgels as a platform for cell microencapsulation. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2022; 34:3. [PMID: 36586059 PMCID: PMC9805413 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-022-06706-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cell microencapsulation has been utilized for years as a means of cell shielding from the external environment while facilitating the transport of gases, general metabolites, and secretory bioactive molecules at once. In this light, hydrogels may support the structural integrity and functionality of encapsulated biologics whereas ensuring cell viability and function and releasing potential therapeutic factors once in situ. In this work, we describe a straightforward strategy to fabricate silk fibroin (SF) microgels (µgels) and encapsulate cells into them. SF µgels (size ≈ 200 µm) were obtained through ultrasonication-induced gelation of SF in a water-oil emulsion phase. A thorough physicochemical (SEM analysis, and FT-IR) and mechanical (microindentation tests) characterization of SF µgels were carried out to assess their nanostructure, porosity, and stiffness. SF µgels were used to encapsulate and culture L929 and primary myoblasts. Interestingly, SF µgels showed a selective release of relatively small proteins (e.g., VEGF, molecular weight, MW = 40 kDa) by the encapsulated primary myoblasts, while bigger (macro)molecules (MW = 160 kDa) were hampered to diffusing through the µgels. This article provided the groundwork to expand the use of SF hydrogels into a versatile platform for encapsulating relevant cells able to release paracrine factors potentially regulating tissue and/or organ functions, thus promoting their regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Bono
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy.
| | - Giulio Saroglia
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Stefania Marcuzzo
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Giagnorio
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lauria
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Rosini
- The Protein Factory 2.0, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Luigi De Nardo
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gabriele Candiani
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Perotto
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy.
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Gadelha DD, Filho WA, Brandão MAJ, Montenegro RM. Is parathyroid allotransplantation a viable option in the treatment of permanent hypoparathyroidism? A review of the literature. Endocrine 2022; 80:253-265. [PMID: 36583826 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03292-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The standard clinical treatment for hypoparathyroidism, replacement of calcium and vitamin metabolites (calcitriol), has been used for decades; however, evidence points to its inefficiency in acting on the pathophysiology of the disease, which may precipitate or aggravate conditions already related to hypoparathyroidism. Therapies based on recombinant human parathyroid hormone have emerged in recent years but still have low availability due to their high cost. Parathyroid allotransplantation (Pt-a) has been reported as a strategy for treating more severe cases. METHODS This narrative review highlights relevant aspects of conventional permanent hypoparathyroidism treatment and provides a comprehensive and critical review of the reports of applications of Pt-a, especially those carried out in recent years. Particular focus is placed on the following key points: parathyroid immunogenicity, immunosuppression regimens (short-term or chronic), techniques to reduce the expression of immunogenic molecules, follow-up time, and reductions in calcium and vitamin D supplementation. CONCLUSION Pt-a has been considered a safe and relatively low-cost therapy and is believed to have the potential to cure the disease, in addition to treating symptoms. However, there is considerable heterogeneity in treatment protocols; therefore, more studies are required to improve the standardization of the procedure and thus improve the consistency of outcomes.
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Bariki SG, Movahedirad S. A flow map for core/shell microdroplet formation in the co-flow Microchannel using ternary phase-field numerical model. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22010. [PMID: 36539594 PMCID: PMC9768139 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26648-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Core/shell microdroplets formation with uniform size is investigated numerically in the co-flow microchannel. The interface and volume fraction contour between three immiscible fluids are captured using a ternary phase-field model. Previous research has shown that the effective parameters of microdroplet size are the physical properties and velocity of the three phases. By adjusting these variables, five main flow patterns are observed in numerical simulations. A core/shell dripping/slug regime is observed when the inertia of the continuous phase breaks the flow of the core and shell phases and makes a droplet. In the slug regime, the continuous phase has less inertia, and the droplets that form are surrounded by the channel walls, while in the dripping regime, the shell phase fluid is surrounded by the continuous phase. An increase in continuous-fluid or shell-fluid flow rate leads to dripping to a jetting transition. When three immiscible liquids flow continuously and parallel to one another without dispersing, this is known as laminar flow. In the tubing regime, the core phase flows continuously in the channel's central region, the shell phase flows in the annulus formed by the core phase's central region, and the continuous phase flows between the shell phase fluid and channel walls. In order to discriminate between the aforementioned flow patterns using Weber and Capillary numbers and establish regime transition criteria based on these two dimensionless variables, a flow regime map is provided. Finally, a correlation for shell thickness using shell-to-core phase velocity ratio and conducting 51 CFD simulations was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ghasemzade Bariki
- grid.411748.f0000 0001 0387 0587School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 16846-13114 Iran
| | - Salman Movahedirad
- grid.411748.f0000 0001 0387 0587School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 16846-13114 Iran
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Akhter R, Masoodi F, Wani TA, Rather SA. Impact of microencapsulated natural antioxidants on the lipid profile and cholesterol oxidation of γ-irradiated meat emulsions. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zhang JLH, Appelman-Dijkstra NM, Schepers A. Parathyroid Allotransplantation: A Systematic Review. Med Sci (Basel) 2022; 10:medsci10010019. [PMID: 35323218 PMCID: PMC8953572 DOI: 10.3390/medsci10010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To date, there is no satisfactory treatment for patients with calcium and vitamin D supplementation refractive hypoparathyroidism. Parathyroid allotransplantation by design is a one-time cure through its restoration of the parathyroid function and, therefore, could be the solution. A systematic literature review is conducted in the present paper, with the aim of outlining the possibilities of parathyroid allotransplantation and to calculate its efficacy. Additionally, various transplantation characteristics are linked to success. Methods: This review is carried out according to the PRISMA statement and checklist. Relevant articles were searched for in medical databases with the most recent literature search performed on 9 December 2021. Results: In total, 24 articles involving 22 unique patient cohorts were identified with 203 transplantations performed on 148 patients. Numerous types of (exploratory) interventions were carried out with virtually no protocols that were alike: there was the use of (non-) cryopreserved parathyroid tissue combined with direct transplantation or pretreatment using in vitro techniques, such as culturing cells and macro-/microencapsulation. The variability increased further when considering immunosuppression, graft histology, and donor–recipient compatibility, but this was found to be reported in its entirety by exception. As a result of the large heterogeneity among studies, we constructed our own criterium for transplantation success. With only the studies eligible for our assessment, the pooled success rate for parathyroid allotransplantation emerged to be 46% (13/28 transplantations) with a median follow-up duration of 12 months (Q1–Q3: 8–24 months). Conclusions: Manifold possibilities have been explored around parathyroid allotransplantation but are presented as a double-edged sword due to high clinical diverseness, low expertise in carrying out the procedure, and unsatisfactory study quality. Transplantations carried out with permanent immunosuppression seem to be the most promising, but, in its current state, little could be said about the treatment efficacy with a high quality of evidence. Of foremost importance in pursuing the answer whether parathyroid allotransplantation is a suitable treatment for hypoparathyroidism, a standardized definition of transplantation success must be established with a high-quality trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaimie L. H. Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 Leiden, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-624628572
| | - Natasha M. Appelman-Dijkstra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Abbey Schepers
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 Leiden, The Netherlands;
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Kovacevic B, Jones M, Ionescu C, Walker D, Wagle S, Chester J, Foster T, Brown D, Mikov M, Mooranian A, Al-Salami H. The emerging role of bile acids as critical components in nanotechnology and bioengineering: Pharmacology, formulation optimizers and hydrogel-biomaterial applications. Biomaterials 2022; 283:121459. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Pharmaceutical formulation and polymer chemistry for cell encapsulation applied to the creation of a lab-on-a-chip bio-microsystem. Ther Deliv 2021; 13:51-65. [PMID: 34821516 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2021-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Microencapsulation of formulation designs further expands the field and offers the potential for use in developing bioartificial organs via cell encapsulation. Combining formulation design and encapsulation requires ideal excipients to be determined. In terms of cell encapsulation, an environment which allows growth and functionality is paramount to ensuring cell survival and incorporation into a bioartificial organ. Hence, excipients are examined for both individual properties and benefits, and compatibility with encapsulated active materials. Polymers are commonly used in microencapsulation, offering protection from the immune system. Bile acids are emerging as a tool to enhance delivery, both biologically and pharmaceutically. Therefore, this review will focus on bile acids and polymers in formulation design via microencapsulation, in the field of bioartificial organ development.
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Len’shina NA, Konev AN, Baten’kin AA, Bardina PS, Cherkasova EI, Kashina AV, Zagainova EV, Zagainov VE, Chesnokov SA. Alginate Functionalization for the Microencapsulation of Insulin Producing Cells. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090421060129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Derakhshankhah H, Sajadimajd S, Jahanshahi F, Samsonchi Z, Karimi H, Hajizadeh-Saffar E, Jafari S, Razmi M, Sadegh Malvajerd S, Bahrami G, Razavi M, Izadi Z. Immunoengineering Biomaterials in Cell-Based Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 28:1053-1066. [PMID: 34696626 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by low insulin production and chronic hyperglycemia due to the destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Cell transplantation is an attractive alternative approach compared to insulin injection. However, cell therapy has been limited by major challenges including life-long requirements for immunosuppressive drugs in order to prevent host immune responses. Encapsulation of the transplanted cells can solve the problem of immune rejection, by providing a physical barrier between the transplanted cells and the recipient's immune cells. Despite current disputes in cell encapsulation approaches, thanks to recent advances in the fields of biomaterials and transplantation immunology, extensive effort has been dedicated to immunoengineering strategies in combination with encapsulation technologies to overcome the problem of the host's immune responses. The current review summarizes the most commonly used encapsulation and immunoengineering strategies combined with cell therapy which has been applied as a novel approach to improve cell replacement therapies for the management of T1D. Recent advances in the fields of biomaterial design, nanotechnology, as well as deeper knowledge about immune modulation had significantly improved cell encapsulation strategies. However, further progress requires the combined application of novel immunoengineering approaches and islet/ß-cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Derakhshankhah
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, 48464, Kermanshah, Kermanshah, Iran (the Islamic Republic of);
| | | | - Fatemeh Jahanshahi
- Iran University of Medical Sciences, 440827, Tehran, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of);
| | - Zakieh Samsonchi
- Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, 534061, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of);
| | - Hassan Karimi
- Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, 534061, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of);
| | - Ensiyeh Hajizadeh-Saffar
- Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, 534061, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of);
| | - Samira Jafari
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, 48464, Kermanshah, Kermanshah, Iran (the Islamic Republic of);
| | - Mahdieh Razmi
- University of Tehran Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 441284, Tehran, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of);
| | - Soroor Sadegh Malvajerd
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 48439, Tehran, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of);
| | - Gholamreza Bahrami
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, 48464, Kermanshah, Kermanshah, Iran (the Islamic Republic of);
| | - Mehdi Razavi
- University of Central Florida, 6243, Orlando, Florida, United States;
| | - Zhila Izadi
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, 48464, Kermanshah,Iran, Kermanshah, Iran (the Islamic Republic of), 6715847141;
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16
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Hypoparathyroidism: State of the Art on Cell and Tissue Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910272. [PMID: 34638612 PMCID: PMC8508771 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoparathyroidism is an endocrine disorder characterized by low serum calcium levels, high serum phosphorus levels, and by inappropriate or absent secretion of the parathyroid hormone (PTH). The most common therapeutic strategy to treat this condition is hormone replacement therapy with calcium and vitamin D but, unfortunately, in the long term this treatment may not be sufficient to compensate for the loss of endocrine function. Glandular autotransplantation is considered the most effective technique in place of replacement therapy. Although it leads to excellent results in most cases, autotransplantation is not always possible. Allograft is a good way to treat patients who have not been able to undergo autograft, but this technique has limited success due to side effects related to tissue rejection. This therapy is supported by systemic immunosuppression, which leads to the onset of serious side effects in patients, with a risk of endocrine toxicity. Today, research on endocrine disorders is focused on discovering alternative graft therapies that can allow optimal results with the fewest possible side effects. In this review, we will make an update on the current state of the art about the cell and tissue therapy as treatment for hypoparathyroidism, to identify which type of therapeutic strategy could be valid for a future clinical use.
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Zhang Z, Hao G, Liu C, Fu J, Hu D, Rong J, Yang X. Recent progress in the preparation, chemical interactions and applications of biocompatible polysaccharide-protein nanogel carriers. Food Res Int 2021; 147:110564. [PMID: 34399540 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanogel carriers are rapidly emerged as a major delivery strategy in the fields of food, biology and medicine for small particle size, excellent solubility, high loading, and controlled release. Natural polysaccharides and proteins are selected for the preparation of biocompatible, biodegradable, low toxic, and less immunogenic nanogels. Different polysaccharides and proteins form complex nanogels through different interaction forces (e.g., electrostatic interaction and hydrophobic interaction). The present review pursues three aims: 1) to introduce several well-known dietary polysaccharides (chitosan, dextran and alginate) and proteins (whey protein and lysozyme); 2) to discuss the types, preparation methods, chemical interactions and properties of various biocompatible complex carriers; 3) to present the application and prospect of polysaccharide-protein complex in bioactive ingredient delivery, nutrient encapsulation and flavor protection. We expect that the integration with nano-intelligent technology will improve the functional ingredient loading, recognition specificity and controlled release capabilities of polysaccharide-protein nanocomposites to generate new intelligent nanogels in the field of food industry in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zhang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing Safety Control, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization of Western Fruit Resources and College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Guoying Hao
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing Safety Control, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization of Western Fruit Resources and College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing Safety Control, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization of Western Fruit Resources and College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Junqing Fu
- Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Ji'nan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Dan Hu
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing Safety Control, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization of Western Fruit Resources and College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Jianhui Rong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
| | - Xingbin Yang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing Safety Control, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization of Western Fruit Resources and College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China.
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18
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Jiang D, Liu J, Pan Y, Zhuang L, Wang P. Surface acoustic wave (SAW) techniques in tissue engineering. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 386:215-226. [PMID: 34390407 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03397-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the introduction of surface acoustic wave (SAW) technique for microfluidics has drawn a lot of attention. The pattern and mutual communication in cell layers, tissues, and organs play a critical role in tissue homeostasis and regeneration and may contribute to disease occurrence and progression. Tissue engineering aims to repair and regenerate damaged organs, depending on biomimetic scaffolds and advanced fabrication technology. However, traditional bioengineering synthesis approaches are time-consuming, heterogeneous, and unmanageable. It is hard to pattern cells in scaffolds effectively with no impact on cell viability and function. Here, we summarize a biocompatible, easily available, label-free, and non-invasive tool, surface acoustic wave (SAW) technique, which is getting a lot of attention in tissue engineering. SAW technique can realize accurate sorting, manipulation, and cells' pattern and rapid formation of spheroids. By integrating several SAW devices onto lab-on-a-chip platforms, tissue engineering lab-on-a-chip system was proposed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to summarize the application of this novel technique in the field of tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deming Jiang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yuxiang Pan
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Liujing Zhuang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China. .,State Key Laboratory for Sensor Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China.
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19
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Mooranian A, Jones M, Ionescu CM, Walker D, Wagle SR, Kovacevic B, Chester J, Foster T, Johnston E, Mikov M, Al-Salami H. Advancements in Assessments of Bio-Tissue Engineering and Viable Cell Delivery Matrices Using Bile Acid-Based Pharmacological Biotechnologies. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1861. [PMID: 34361247 PMCID: PMC8308343 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The utilisation of bioartificial organs is of significant interest to many due to their versatility in treating a wide range of disorders. Microencapsulation has a potentially significant role in such organs. In order to utilise microcapsules, accurate characterisation and analysis is required to assess their properties and suitability. Bioartificial organs or transplantable microdevices must also account for immunogenic considerations, which will be discussed in detail. One of the most characterized cases is the investigation into a bioartificial pancreas, including using microencapsulation of islets or other cells, and will be the focus subject of this review. Overall, this review will discuss the traditional and modern technologies which are necessary for the characterisation of properties for transplantable microdevices or organs, summarizing analysis of the microcapsule itself, cells and finally a working organ. Furthermore, immunogenic considerations of such organs are another important aspect which is addressed within this review. The various techniques, methodologies, advantages, and disadvantages will all be discussed. Hence, the purpose of this review is providing an updated examination of all processes for the analysis of a working, biocompatible artificial organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Mooranian
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Melissa Jones
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Corina Mihaela Ionescu
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Daniel Walker
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Susbin Raj Wagle
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Bozica Kovacevic
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Chester
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Thomas Foster
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Edan Johnston
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Momir Mikov
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21101 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Hani Al-Salami
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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20
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Lee H, Kim N, Rheem HB, Kim BJ, Park JH, Choi IS. A Decade of Advances in Single-Cell Nanocoating for Mammalian Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100347. [PMID: 33890422 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Strategic advances in the single-cell nanocoating of mammalian cells have noticeably been made during the last decade, and many potential applications have been demonstrated. Various cell-coating strategies have been proposed via adaptation of reported methods in the surface sciences and/or materials identification that ensure the sustainability of labile mammalian cells during chemical manipulation. Here an overview of the methodological development and potential applications to the healthcare sector in the nanocoating of mammalian cells made during the last decade is provided. The materials used for the nanocoating are categorized into polymers, hydrogels, polyphenolic compounds, nanoparticles, and minerals, and the corresponding strategies are described under the given set of materials. It also suggests, as a future direction, the creation of the cytospace system that is hierarchically composed of the physically separated but mutually interacting cellular hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojae Lee
- Center for Cell‐Encapsulation Research Department of Chemistry KAIST Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Center for Cell‐Encapsulation Research Department of Chemistry KAIST Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Hyeong Bin Rheem
- Center for Cell‐Encapsulation Research Department of Chemistry KAIST Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Beom Jin Kim
- Department of Chemistry University of Ulsan Ulsan 44610 Korea
| | - Ji Hun Park
- Department of Science Education Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Insung S. Choi
- Center for Cell‐Encapsulation Research Department of Chemistry KAIST Daejeon 34141 Korea
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21
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Ausems CRM, van Engelen BGM, van Bokhoven H, Wansink DG. Systemic cell therapy for muscular dystrophies : The ultimate transplantable muscle progenitor cell and current challenges for clinical efficacy. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:878-899. [PMID: 33349909 PMCID: PMC8166694 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10100-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle makes it an excellent target for cell therapy. However, the potential of muscle tissue to renew is typically exhausted and insufficient in muscular dystrophies (MDs), a large group of heterogeneous genetic disorders showing progressive loss of skeletal muscle fibers. Cell therapy for MDs has to rely on suppletion with donor cells with high myogenic regenerative capacity. Here, we provide an overview on stem cell lineages employed for strategies in MDs, with a focus on adult stem cells and progenitor cells resident in skeletal muscle. In the early days, the potential of myoblasts and satellite cells was explored, but after disappointing clinical results the field moved to other muscle progenitor cells, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Most recently, mesoangioblasts and pericytes have been pursued for muscle cell therapy, leading to a handful of preclinical studies and a clinical trial. The current status of (pre)clinical work for the most common forms of MD illustrates the existing challenges and bottlenecks. Besides the intrinsic properties of transplantable cells, we discuss issues relating to cell expansion and cell viability after transplantation, optimal dosage, and route and timing of administration. Since MDs are genetic conditions, autologous cell therapy and gene therapy will need to go hand-in-hand, bringing in additional complications. Finally, we discuss determinants for optimization of future clinical trials for muscle cell therapy. Joined research efforts bring hope that effective therapies for MDs are on the horizon to fulfil the unmet clinical need in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rosanne M Ausems
- Donders lnstitute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders lnstitute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Cell Biology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Baziel G M van Engelen
- Donders lnstitute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans van Bokhoven
- Donders lnstitute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Derick G Wansink
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Cell Biology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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22
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Joshi DJ, Chitre NM, Bansal A, Murnane KS, D’Souza MJ. Formulation and Characterization of Microcapsules Encapsulating PC12 Cells as a Prospective Treatment Approach for Parkinson's Disease. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:149. [PMID: 33961149 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02007-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurological disorder, associated with decreased dopamine levels in the brain. The goal of this study was to assess the potential of a regenerative medicine-based cell therapy approach to increase dopamine levels. In this study, we used rat adrenal pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells that can produce, store, and secrete dopamine. These cells were microencapsulated in the selectively permeable polymer membrane to protect them from immune responses. For fabrication of the microcapsules, we used a modified Buchi spray dryer B-190 that allows for fast manufacturing of microcapsules and is industrially scalable. Size optimization of the microcapsules was performed by systematically varying key parameters of the spraying device. The short- and long-term stabilities of the microcapsules were assessed. In the in vitro study, the cells were found viable for a period of 30 days. Selective permeability of the microcapsules was confirmed via dopamine release assay and micro BCA protein assay. We found that the microcapsules were permeable to the small molecules including dopamine and were impermeable to the large molecules like BSA. Thus, they can provide the protection to the encapsulated cells from the immune cells. Griess's assay confirmed the non-immunogenicity of the microcapsules. These results demonstrate the effective fabrication of microcapsules encapsulating cells using an industrially scalable device. The microcapsules were stable, and the cells were viable inside the microcapsules and were found to release dopamine. Thus, these microcapsules have the potential to serve as the alternative or complementary treatment approach for PD.
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23
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Continuous-flow microfluidic device for synthesis of cationic porous polystyrene microspheres as sorbents of p-xylene from physiological saline. J Flow Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-021-00142-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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24
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Xu S, Luo X, Huang Q, Chen W. Calcium-crosslinked alginate-encapsulated bacteria for remediating of cadmium-polluted water and production of CdS nanoparticles. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:2171-2179. [PMID: 33559717 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11155-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Pollution with the heavy metal cadmium (Cd2+) is a global problem. Cadmium adversely affects living organisms, highlighting the need to develop new methods for removal of this pollutant from the environment. In this study, we used a novel biomaterial based on calcium-crosslinked alginate-encapsulated bacteria to precipitate Cd2+ in polluted water. Our results show that calcium-crosslinked alginate-encapsulated bacteria effectively removed Cd2+ ions from cadmium-polluted water. Approximately 100% of Cd2+ ions were removed by 10 g (wet weight) of this biomaterial when the loading concentration of Cd2+ reached 1 mM in a volume of 50 ml water. During this process, a CdS nanoparticle, showing good crystallinity in the quantum range, was simultaneously produced. To validate the activity and stability of this biomaterial, we measured cysteine desulfhydrase activity in the stored biomaterial and whether this biomaterial could be recycled. The encapsulated bacteria maintained catalytic activity for at least 2 weeks. The capsules were easily regenerated and possessed good recyclability. Our results indicated that calcium-crosslinked alginate-encapsulated bacteria are suitable for depletion of Cd2+ in polluted water and for production of CdS nanoparticles. These calcium-crosslinked alginate-encapsulated bacteria are safe for biological manipulation and can be widely used to produce CdS nanoparticles during bioremediation of Cd2+-polluted water. KEY POINTS: • Calcium-crosslinked alginate-encapsulated bacteria can effectively precipitate Cd2+ in water coupled with production of CdS quantum dots. • The encapsulated bacteria maintained catalytic activity for at least 2 weeks. • The capsules were easily regenerated and possessed good recyclability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaozu Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xuesong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agricultural Resources and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qiaoyun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. .,Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agricultural Resources and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Wenli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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25
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Montanucci P, Pescara T, Greco A, Leonardi G, Marini L, Basta G, Calafiore R. Co-microencapsulation of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem and pancreatic islet-derived insulin producing cells in experimental type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2021; 37:e3372. [PMID: 32562342 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Post-partum umbilical cord Wharton Jelly-derived adult mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMS) hold anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. Human pancreatic islet-derived progenitor cells (hIDC) may de-differentiate, and subsequently re-differentiate into insulin producing cells. The two cell types share common molecules that facilitate their synergistic interaction and possibly crosstalk, likely useful for the cell therapy of type 1 diabetes (T1D). MATERIALS AND METHODS Upon microencapsulation in sodium alginate (AG), hUCMS and hIDC were able to form cell co-aggregates that looked well integrated and viable. We then grafted microencapsulated hUCMS/hIDC co-aggregates into non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) mice, and observed an acquired ability of cells to produce and store hormones. Finally, we transplanted these biohybrid constructs into NOD mice with recent onset, spontaneous overt diabetes, observing a decline of blood glucose levels. RESULTS In vitro, we have shown that hUCMS inhibited proliferation of allogeneic polymorphonuclear blood cells from patients with T1D, while promoting expansion of FoxP3+ Tregs. Reversal of hyperglycemia in diabetic NODs seems to suggest that hUCMS and hIDC, upon co-microencapsulation, anatomically and functionally synergized to accomplish two goals: maintain tracer insulin output by hIDC, while exploting the immunoregulatory properties of hUCMS. CONCLUSION We have gathered preliminary evidence that the two adult stem cell types within AG microcapsules, may synergistically promote tracer insulin production, while "freezing" the autoimmune disease process, and help reversal of the recent onset hyperglycemia in a spontaneous, autoimmune rodent model of diabetes, the NOD mouse, with no need for pharmacologic immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Montanucci
- Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences (MISEM), Laboratory for Endocrine Cell Transplants and Biohybrid Organs, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Teresa Pescara
- Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences (MISEM), Laboratory for Endocrine Cell Transplants and Biohybrid Organs, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alessia Greco
- Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences (MISEM), Laboratory for Endocrine Cell Transplants and Biohybrid Organs, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giulia Leonardi
- Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences (MISEM), Laboratory for Endocrine Cell Transplants and Biohybrid Organs, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Luigi Marini
- Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences (MISEM), Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Basta
- Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences (MISEM), Laboratory for Endocrine Cell Transplants and Biohybrid Organs, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calafiore
- Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences (MISEM), Laboratory for Endocrine Cell Transplants and Biohybrid Organs, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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26
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Wu Z, Werner JG, Weitz DA. Microfluidic Fabrication of Phase-Inverted Microcapsules with Asymmetric Shell Membranes with Graded Porosity. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:116-121. [PMID: 35548985 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Microcapsules with liquid cores and solid shells are attractive as dispersible protective micron-sized containers. Applications that rely on molecular mass transport often require a combination of size selectivity, high permeability, and mechanical stability. Capsule architectures that combine all these features represent a material property, design, and fabrication challenge. In this work, the design of an asymmetric microcapsule shell architecture is reported to achieve a good combination of the desired features. Poly(methyl methacrylate) phase-inverted microcapsules featuring an asymmetric graded macroporous shell covered with a dense skin separation layer are obtained from water-in-oil-in-water double emulsion drops that are phase-inverted in a water-based coagulation bath. The phase-inverted microcapsules exhibit good mechanical stability and allow for high permeability of its shell membrane with molecular size dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Wu
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Jörg G. Werner
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - David A. Weitz
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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Awang-Junaidi AH, Singh J, Honaramooz A. Regeneration of testis tissue after ectopic implantation of porcine testis cell aggregates in mice: improved consistency of outcomes and in situ monitoring. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 32:594-609. [PMID: 32051087 DOI: 10.1071/rd19043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectopic implantation of donor testis cell aggregates in recipient mice results in de novo formation or regeneration of testis tissue and, as such, provides a unique invivo model for the study of testis development. However, currently the results are inconsistent and the efficiency of the model remains low. This study was designed to: (1) examine several factors that can potentially improve the consistency and efficiency of this model and (2) explore the use of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) for the non-invasive invivo evaluation of implants. Testis cell aggregates, containing ~40% gonocytes, from 1-week-old donor piglets were implanted under the back skin of immunodeficient mice through skin incisions using gel matrices or through subcutaneous injection without using gel matrices. The addition of gel matrices led to inconsistent tissue development; gelatin had the greatest development, followed by collagen, whereas agarose resulted in poor development. The results also depended on the implanted cell numbers since implants with 100×106 cells were larger than those with 50×106 cells. The injection approach for cell implantation was less invasive and resulted in more consistent and efficient testis tissue development. UBM provided promising results as a means of non-invasive monitoring of implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awang Hazmi Awang-Junaidi
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4 Canada; and Present address: Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Jaswant Singh
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4 Canada
| | - Ali Honaramooz
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4 Canada; and Corresponding author.
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Hajifathaliha F, Mahboubi A, Bolourchian N, Mohit E, Nematollahi L. Multilayer Alginate Microcapsules For Live Cell Microencapsulation; Is There Any Preference For Selecting Cationic Polymers? IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2021; 20:173-182. [PMID: 34567154 PMCID: PMC8457712 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.114096.14660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Since 1980 after introducing the concept of live cell encapsulation by Lim et al., this technology has received enormous attention. Several studies have been conducted to improve this technique; different polymers, either natural or synthetic, have been used as microcapsules` making materials and different substances as coating layers. Literature review leads us to the conclusion that alginate (Alg) multilayer microcapsules and, in particular, alginate-poly l-lysine (PLL)-alginate (APA) are the most used structures for live cell encapsulation. Although, disadvantages of PLL (e.g., weak mechanical strength and low biocompatibility) made researchers work on other cationic polymers to find an alternative. This review aims to discuss more popularly suggested cationic polymers such as poly l-ornithine (PLO), chitosan, etc. As alternatives for PLL and, more importantly, we want to take a closer look to see which one of these systems are closer to clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Hajifathaliha
- Food Safety Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arash Mahboubi
- Food Safety Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Noushin Bolourchian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Elham Mohit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Leila Nematollahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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One-Step microfluidic synthesis of spherical and bullet-like alginate microcapsules with a core–shell structure. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Jalali E, Maghsoudi S, Noroozian E. Ultraviolet protection of Bacillus thuringiensis through microencapsulation with Pickering emulsion method. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20633. [PMID: 33244110 PMCID: PMC7691366 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77721-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An encapsulated formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) was produced by the Pickering emulsion technique to improve its activity and stability under UV-A radiation. In this technique latex particles, GO nanosheets, olive oil, ethanol, and water were used to encapsulate Bt in colloidosomes. The protective efficacy of this formulation in protecting Bt subsp. Kurstaki against deactivation by UV-A irradiation was measured, so that spore viability and mortality on Ephestia kuehniella (E. kuehniella) Zeller larvae under UV-A radiation are investigated. According to the results of both tests, encapsulated formulation at a concentration of 0.045% has the highest protection of viability. Hence, colloidosome microcapsule formulations successfully provide good protection against UV radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Jalali
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, P.O. Box 76169-133, Kerman, Iran.,Young Researchers Society, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, P.O. Box 76175-133, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahab Maghsoudi
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, P.O. Box 76169-133, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Ebrahim Noroozian
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, P.O. Box 76169-133, Kerman, Iran
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Pereira MS, Cardoso LMDF, da Silva TB, Teixeira AJ, Mizrahi SE, Ferreira GSM, Dantas FML, Cotta-de-Almeida V, Alves LA. A Low-Cost Open Source Device for Cell Microencapsulation. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13225090. [PMID: 33187294 PMCID: PMC7696579 DOI: 10.3390/ma13225090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Microencapsulation is a widely studied cell therapy and tissue bioengineering technique, since it is capable of creating an immune-privileged site, protecting encapsulated cells from the host immune system. Several polymers have been tested, but sodium alginate is in widespread use for cell encapsulation applications, due to its low toxicity and easy manipulation. Different cell encapsulation methods have been described in the literature using pressure differences or electrostatic changes with high cost commercial devices (about 30,000 US dollars). Herein, a low-cost device (about 100 US dollars) that can be created by commercial syringes or 3D printer devices has been developed. The capsules, whose diameter is around 500 µm and can decrease or increase according to the pressure applied to the system, is able to maintain cells viable and functional. The hydrogel porosity of the capsule indicates that the immune system is not capable of destroying host cells, demonstrating that new studies can be developed for cell therapy at low cost with microencapsulation production. This device may aid pre-clinical and clinical projects in low- and middle-income countries and is lined up with open source equipment devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Salles Pereira
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil; (M.S.P.); (L.M.d.F.C.); (T.B.d.S.); (A.J.T.)
- Volta Redonda University Center—UniFOA, Av. Paulo Erlei Alves Abrantes, 1325-Três Poços, Volta Redonda 27240-560, Brazil
| | - Liana Monteiro da Fonseca Cardoso
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil; (M.S.P.); (L.M.d.F.C.); (T.B.d.S.); (A.J.T.)
| | - Tatiane Barreto da Silva
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil; (M.S.P.); (L.M.d.F.C.); (T.B.d.S.); (A.J.T.)
| | - Ayla Josma Teixeira
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil; (M.S.P.); (L.M.d.F.C.); (T.B.d.S.); (A.J.T.)
| | - Saul Eliahú Mizrahi
- National Institute of Technology—INT, Rio de Janeiro Av. Venezuela, 82-Saúde, Rio de Janeiro 20081-312, Brazil; (S.E.M.); (G.S.M.F.); (F.M.L.D.)
| | - Gabriel Schonwandt Mendes Ferreira
- National Institute of Technology—INT, Rio de Janeiro Av. Venezuela, 82-Saúde, Rio de Janeiro 20081-312, Brazil; (S.E.M.); (G.S.M.F.); (F.M.L.D.)
| | - Fabio Moyses Lins Dantas
- National Institute of Technology—INT, Rio de Janeiro Av. Venezuela, 82-Saúde, Rio de Janeiro 20081-312, Brazil; (S.E.M.); (G.S.M.F.); (F.M.L.D.)
| | - Vinicius Cotta-de-Almeida
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil;
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Anastacio Alves
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil; (M.S.P.); (L.M.d.F.C.); (T.B.d.S.); (A.J.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-21-2562-1841; Fax: +55-21-2562-1816
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Liu L, Jiang H, Wang X. Alkaline phosphatase-responsive Zn 2+ double-triggered nucleotide capped gold nanoclusters/ alginate hydrogel with recyclable nanozyme capability. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 173:112786. [PMID: 33190050 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A novel hydrogel loaded with adenosine 5'-monophosphate capped Au nanoclusters (AuAMP NCs) is fabricated in a gentle route by double-triggering of Zn2+. This built-in fluorescent hydrogel material not only has good optical properties of Au NCs, but also possesses excellent mechanical structure of hydrogel materials. Free phosphate ions may trigger the devastation of the "egg-box" structure of the as-prepared ZnSA-AuAMP hydrogel, thus releasing the immobilized fluorescent AuAMP NCs, with a release efficiency up to 93.62% within 3 h. On this basis, a fast, sensitive fluorescent detection method for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is achieved, with a linear detection of ALP in the range of 0.47-10.03 U/L and a limit of detection of 0.09 U/L. This allows the accurate detection of ALP in diluted human serum samples. Last but not least, the ZnSA-AuAMP hydrogel also exhibits peroxidase-like activity with good recyclability, because it is facile to be separated and extracted from catalytic reaction buffer. This work suggests that hydrogels may act as an inexpensive container for controllable regulation of nanozyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, PR China
| | - Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, PR China.
| | - Xuemei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, PR China.
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33
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Kupikowska-Stobba B, Lewińska D. Polymer microcapsules and microbeads as cell carriers for in vivo biomedical applications. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:1536-1574. [PMID: 32110789 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01337g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Polymer microcarriers are being extensively explored as cell delivery vehicles in cell-based therapies and hybrid tissue and organ engineering. Spherical microcarriers are of particular interest due to easy fabrication and injectability. They include microbeads, composed of a porous matrix, and microcapsules, where matrix core is additionally covered with a semipermeable membrane. Microcarriers provide cell containment at implantation site and protect the cells from host immunoresponse, degradation and shear stress. Immobilized cells may be genetically altered to release a specific therapeutic product directly at the target site, eliminating side effects of systemic therapies. Cell microcarriers need to fulfil a number of extremely high standards regarding their biocompatibility, cytocompatibility, immunoisolating capacity, transport, mechanical and chemical properties. To obtain cell microcarriers of specified parameters, a wide variety of polymers, both natural and synthetic, and immobilization methods can be applied. Yet so far, only a few approaches based on cell-laden microcarriers have reached clinical trials. The main issue that still impedes progress of these systems towards clinical application is limited cell survival in vivo. Herein, we review polymer biomaterials and methods used for fabrication of cell microcarriers for in vivo biomedical applications. We describe their key limitations and modifications aiming at improvement of microcarrier in vivo performance. We also present the main applications of polymer cell microcarriers in regenerative medicine, pancreatic islet and hepatocyte transplantation and in the treatment of cancer. Lastly, we outline the main challenges in cell microimmobilization for biomedical purposes, the strategies to overcome these issues and potential future improvements in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Kupikowska-Stobba
- Laboratory of Electrostatic Methods of Bioencapsulation, Department of Biomaterials and Biotechnological Systems, Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dorota Lewińska
- Laboratory of Electrostatic Methods of Bioencapsulation, Department of Biomaterials and Biotechnological Systems, Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland.
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34
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Stephens CH, Morrison RA, McLaughlin M, Orr K, Tersey SA, Scott-Moncrieff JC, Mirmira RG, Considine RV, Voytik-Harbin S. Oligomeric collagen as an encapsulation material for islet/β-cell replacement: effect of islet source, dose, implant site, and administration format. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 319:E388-E400. [PMID: 32543944 PMCID: PMC7473915 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00066.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Replacement of islets/β-cells that provide long-lasting glucose-sensing and insulin-releasing functions has the potential to restore extended glycemic control in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Unfortunately, persistent challenges preclude such therapies from widespread clinical use, including cumbersome administration via portal vein infusion, significant loss of functional islet mass upon administration, limited functional longevity, and requirement for systemic immunosuppression. Previously, fibril-forming type I collagen (oligomer) was shown to support subcutaneous injection and in situ encapsulation of syngeneic islets within diabetic mice, with rapid (<24 h) reversal of hyperglycemia and maintenance of euglycemia for beyond 90 days. Here, we further evaluated this macroencapsulation strategy, defining effects of islet source (allogeneic and xenogeneic) and dose (500 and 800 islets), injection microenvironment (subcutaneous and intraperitoneal), and macrocapsule format (injectable and preformed implantable) on islet functional longevity and recipient immune response. We found that xenogeneic rat islets functioned similarly to or better than allogeneic mouse islets, with only modest improvements in longevity noted with dosage. Additionally, subcutaneous injection led to more consistent encapsulation outcomes along with improved islet health and longevity, compared with intraperitoneal administration, whereas no significant differences were observed between subcutaneous injectable and preformed implantable formats. Collectively, these results document the benefits of incorporating natural collagen for islet/β-cell replacement therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachel A Morrison
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Madeline McLaughlin
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Kara Orr
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sarah A Tersey
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - Raghavendra G Mirmira
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Robert V Considine
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sherry Voytik-Harbin
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
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Pisani S, Dorati R, Genta I, Chiesa E, Modena T, Conti B. High Efficiency Vibrational Technology (HEVT) for Cell Encapsulation in Polymeric Microcapsules. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12050469. [PMID: 32455714 PMCID: PMC7284989 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12050469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(methyl-methacrylate) (PMMA) is a biocompatible and non-biodegradable polymer widely used as biomedical material. PMMA microcapsules with suitable dimension and porosity range are proposed to encapsulate live cells useful for tissue regeneration purposes. The aim of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of producing cell-loaded PMMA microcapsules through "high efficiency vibrational technology" (HEVT). Preliminary studies were conducted to set up the process parameters for PMMA microcapsules production and human dermal fibroblast, used as cell model, were encapsulated in shell/core microcapsules. Microcapsules morphometric analysis through optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy highlighted that uniform microcapsules of 1.2 mm with circular surface pores were obtained by HEVT. Best process conditions used were as follows: frequency of 200 Hz, voltage of 750 V, flow rate of core solution of 10 mL/min, and flow rate of shell solution of 0.5 bar. Microcapsule membrane allowed permeation of molecules with low and medium molecular weight up to 5900 Da and prevented diffusion of high molecular weight molecules (11,000 Da). The yield of the process was about 50% and cell encapsulation efficiency was 27% on total amount. The cell survived and growth up to 72 h incubation in simulated physiologic medium was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pisani
- Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory, Pediatric Hematology Oncology Unit, Department of Maternal and Children’s Health, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Rossella Dorati
- Department of Drug Science, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (I.G.); (E.C.); (T.M.); (B.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ida Genta
- Department of Drug Science, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (I.G.); (E.C.); (T.M.); (B.C.)
| | - Enrica Chiesa
- Department of Drug Science, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (I.G.); (E.C.); (T.M.); (B.C.)
| | - Tiziana Modena
- Department of Drug Science, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (I.G.); (E.C.); (T.M.); (B.C.)
| | - Bice Conti
- Department of Drug Science, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (I.G.); (E.C.); (T.M.); (B.C.)
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36
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Smit T, Calitz C, Willers C, Svitina H, Hamman J, Fey SJ, Gouws C, Wrzesinski K. Characterization of an Alginate Encapsulated LS180 Spheroid Model for Anti-colorectal Cancer Compound Screening. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:1014-1021. [PMID: 32435419 PMCID: PMC7236536 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. A main problem for its treatment is resistance to chemotherapy, requiring the development of new drugs. The success rate of new candidate cancer drugs in clinical trials remains dismal. Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models have been proposed to bridge the current gap between in vitro chemotherapeutic studies and the human in vivo, due to shortcomings in the physiological relevance of the commonly used two-dimensional cell culture models. In this study, LS180 colorectal cancer cells were cultured as 3D sodium alginate encapsulated spheroids in clinostat bioreactors. Growth and viability were evaluated for 20 days to determine the ideal experimental window. The 3- (4,5- dimethylthiazol- 2- yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was then used to establish half maximal inhibitory concentrations for the standard chemotherapeutic drug, paclitaxel. This concentration was used to further evaluate the established 3D model. During model characterization and evaluation soluble protein content, intracellular adenosine triphosphate levels, extracellular adenylate kinase, glucose consumption, and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) gene expression were measured. Use of the model for chemotherapeutic treatment screening was evaluated using two concentrations of paclitaxel, and treatment continued for 96 h. Paclitaxel caused a decrease in cell growth, viability, and glucose consumption in the model. Furthermore, relative expression of P-gp increased compared to the untreated control group. This is a typical resistance-producing change, seen in vivo and known to be a result of paclitaxel treatment. It was concluded that the LS180 sodium alginate encapsulated spheroid model could be used for testing new chemotherapeutic compounds for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Smit
- Pharmacen,
Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag
X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Carlemi Calitz
- Pharmacen,
Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag
X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Clarissa Willers
- Pharmacen,
Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag
X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Hanna Svitina
- Pharmacen,
Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag
X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Josias Hamman
- Pharmacen,
Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag
X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | | | - Chrisna Gouws
- Pharmacen,
Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag
X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Krzysztof Wrzesinski
- Pharmacen,
Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag
X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
- CelVivo
ApS, Blommenslyst 5491, Denmark
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Shende P, Gandhewar N. Current Trend and Pro-survival Approaches for Augmenting Stem Cell Viability. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:1154-1164. [PMID: 32297579 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200416130253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cells are of two types: embryonic and adult stem cells and they act as a repair system by replenishing body tissue. Stem cells differentiate into different types of cells, such as neural, hematopoietic, adipose, etc. and are used for the treatment of various conditions like myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, Parkinson's disease and diabetes. METHODS This article focuses on recent research development that addresses the viability issues of stem cells. The efficiency of transplanted stem cells reduces due to conditions like hypoxia, inflammation, nutrient deprivation, immunogenicity, extracellular matrix loss on delivery and mechanical stress. RESULTS To increase the viability of stem cells, techniques like scaffolds of stem cells with hydrogel or alginate, pre-conditioning, different routes of administration and encapsulation, are implemented. CONCLUSION For the protection of stem cells against apoptosis, different pathways, namely Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K/AKT), Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF1), Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK) and Hippo, are discussed. DISCUSSION Activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway decreases the concentration of apoptotic factors, while the HIF pathway protects stem cells against the micro-environment of tissue (hypoxia).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Shende
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School Pharmacy and Technology Management SVKM'S NMIMS, V.L Mehta Road, Vile Parle(W), Mumbai, India
| | - Nivedita Gandhewar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School Pharmacy and Technology Management SVKM'S NMIMS, V.L Mehta Road, Vile Parle(W), Mumbai, India
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Kuncorojakti S, Srisuwatanasagul S, Kradangnga K, Sawangmake C. Insulin-Producing Cell Transplantation Platform for Veterinary Practice. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:4. [PMID: 32118053 PMCID: PMC7028771 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) remains a global concern in both human and veterinary medicine. Type I DM requires prolonged and consistent exogenous insulin administration to address hyperglycemia, which can increase the risk of diabetes complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and heart disorders. Cell-based therapies have been successful in human medicine using the Edmonton protocol. These therapies help maintain the production of endogenous insulin and stabilize blood glucose levels and may possibly be adapted to veterinary clinical practice. The limited number of cadaveric pancreas donors and the long-term use of immunosuppressive agents are the main obstacles for this protocol. Over the past decade, the development of potential therapies for DM has mainly focused on the generation of effective insulin-producing cells (IPCs) from various sources of stem cells that can be transplanted into the body. Another successful application of stem cells in type I DM therapies is transplanting generated IPCs. Encapsulation can be an alternative strategy to protect IPCs from rejection by the body due to their immunoisolation properties. This review summarizes current concepts of IPCs and encapsulation technology for veterinary clinical application and proposes a potential stem-cell-based platform for veterinary diabetic regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryo Kuncorojakti
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Veterinary Pharmacology and Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Sayamon Srisuwatanasagul
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Krishaporn Kradangnga
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chenphop Sawangmake
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Veterinary Pharmacology and Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Veterinary Clinical Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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State-of-the-art in reproductive bench science: Hurdles and new technological solutions. Theriogenology 2020; 150:34-40. [PMID: 32088039 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Infertility is a growing issue in modern society, being the fifth highest serious global disability according to the World Health Organization. To study infertility and other reproductive system complications, bench science still relies on 2D and animal studies, which regularly have been criticized due to their inability to mimic the human body. Particular challenges in 2D studies include the inability to mimic fluid dynamics, gametes modulation and their crosstalk, hormonal patterns as well as the low quality and viability of gametes and embryos. Animal models also present other drawbacks, namely the absence of menstruation, making it difficult to establish a reliable predictive model for the human system. Additionally, reproductive studies should not be limited to the fallopian tube as the sole responsible for most infertility cases, but instead the research spectrum should be widened to the whole reproductive system given the tight interconnectivity between each and every organ. In the last few decades, new in vitro technologies have been developed and applied to the study of reproductive system complications. These systems allow to create complex three-dimensional structures, which are therefore able to more closely resemble specific microenvironments and provide more realistic physical and biochemical cues. 3D (bio)printing, organoids and organs-on-chips are some of the dynamic technologies which are replacing conventionally employed static 2D culture. Herein, we provide an overview of the challenges found in conventional 2D and animal models of the reproductive system and present potential technological solutions for those same challenges.
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Zhang W, Wang R, Sun Z, Zhu X, Zhao Q, Zhang T, Cholewinski A, Yang FK, Zhao B, Pinnaratip R, Forooshani PK, Lee BP. Catechol-functionalized hydrogels: biomimetic design, adhesion mechanism, and biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:433-464. [PMID: 31939475 PMCID: PMC7208057 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00285e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 360] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are a unique class of polymeric materials that possess an interconnected porous network across various length scales from nano- to macroscopic dimensions and exhibit remarkable structure-derived properties, including high surface area, an accommodating matrix, inherent flexibility, controllable mechanical strength, and excellent biocompatibility. Strong and robust adhesion between hydrogels and substrates is highly desirable for their integration into and subsequent performance in biomedical devices and systems. However, the adhesive behavior of hydrogels is severely weakened by the large amount of water that interacts with the adhesive groups reducing the interfacial interactions. The challenges of developing tough hydrogel-solid interfaces and robust bonding in wet conditions are analogous to the adhesion problems solved by marine organisms. Inspired by mussel adhesion, a variety of catechol-functionalized adhesive hydrogels have been developed, opening a door for the design of multi-functional platforms. This review is structured to give a comprehensive overview of adhesive hydrogels starting with the fundamental challenges of underwater adhesion, followed by synthetic approaches and fabrication techniques, as well as characterization methods, and finally their practical applications in tissue repair and regeneration, antifouling and antimicrobial applications, drug delivery, and cell encapsulation and delivery. Insights on these topics will provide rational guidelines for using nature's blueprints to develop hydrogel materials with advanced functionalities and uncompromised adhesive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
| | - Ruixing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
| | - ZhengMing Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
| | - Xiangwei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Tengfei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy-Storage Technologies, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Aleksander Cholewinski
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Fut Kuo Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Boxin Zhao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Rattapol Pinnaratip
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, USA.
| | - Pegah Kord Forooshani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, USA.
| | - Bruce P Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, USA.
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Khanmohammadi M, Zolfagharzadeh V, Bagher Z, Soltani H, Ai J. Cell encapsulation in core-shell microcapsules through coaxial electrospinning system and horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed crosslinking. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2020; 6:015022. [PMID: 33438610 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ab6035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cellular growth of enclosed cells in core-shell microcapsules is a key element for the practical use of the device in tissue engineering and biopharmaceutical fields. We developed alginate derivative microcapsules with a liquid core template by horseradish peroxidase crosslinking using an integrated coaxial microfluidic device by electrospray system. The cells and gelatin solution were extruded from the inner channel of coaxial microfluidic device and alginate possessing phenolic moieties (Alg-Ph) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) flowed from the outer channel. In open electric filed, concentric drops of the two coaxial fluids broken up into microdrops and sprayed into the gelling bath containing hydrogen peroxide to instantly gel alginate in the shell fluid before the two fluids got mixed or gelatin dispersed in a gelling bath. The core-shell structure of about 350 μm in diameter and gel membrane of 42 μm was developed by optimization of operational parameters including electrical voltage, flow rate and concentration of polymers. The physical properties of microcapsules including swelling and mechanical resistance proved the applicability of fabricated vehicles for cell culture systems in vitro and in vivo. The viability of enclosed fibroblast cells in generated core-shell microcapsule was more than 90% which is sufficiently high compared with it before encapsulation. The growth profile and behavior of cells in microcapsules showed appropriate cell growth and the possibility of fabrication of spherical tissue was confirmed through degradation of hydrogel membrane. These results validate the significant potential of coaxial electrospray system and HRP-mediated hydrogelation in the fabrication of cell-laden core-shell microcapsule for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Khanmohammadi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Belleghem SMV, Mahadik B, Snodderly KL, Fisher JP. Overview of Tissue Engineering Concepts and Applications. Biomater Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816137-1.00081-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Ashimova A, Yegorov S, Negmetzhanov B, Hortelano G. Cell Encapsulation Within Alginate Microcapsules: Immunological Challenges and Outlook. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:380. [PMID: 31850335 PMCID: PMC6901392 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell encapsulation is a bioengineering technology that provides live allogeneic or xenogeneic cells packaged in a semipermeable immune-isolating membrane for therapeutic applications. The concept of cell encapsulation was first proposed almost nine decades ago, however, and despite its potential, the technology has yet to deliver its promise. The few clinical trials based on cell encapsulation have not led to any licensed therapies. Progress in the field has been slow, in part due to the complexity of the technology, but also because of the difficulties encountered when trying to prevent the immune responses generated by the various microcapsule components, namely the polymer, the encapsulated cells, the therapeutic transgenes and the DNA vectors used to genetically engineer encapsulated cells. While the immune responses induced by polymers such as alginate can be minimized using highly purified materials, the need to cope with the immunogenicity of encapsulated cells is increasingly seen as key in preventing the immune rejection of microcapsules. The encapsulated cells are recognized by the host immune cells through a bidirectional exchange of immune mediators, which induce both the adaptive and innate immune responses against the engrafted capsules. The potential strategies to cope with the immunogenicity of encapsulated cells include the selective diffusion restriction of immune mediators through capsule pores and more recently inclusion in microcapsules of immune modulators such as CXCL12. Combining these strategies with the use of well-characterized cell lines harboring the immunomodulatory properties of stem cells should encourage the incorporation of cell encapsulation technology in state-of-the-art drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assem Ashimova
- Department of Biology, School of Science and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Sergey Yegorov
- Department of Biology, School of Science and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
- Department of Pedagogical Mathematics and Natural Science, Faculty of Education and Humanities, Suleyman Demirel University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Baurzhan Negmetzhanov
- Department of Biology, School of Science and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
- National Laboratory Astana, Center for Life Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Gonzalo Hortelano
- Department of Biology, School of Science and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
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Bozkurt M, Aşık MD, Gürsoy S, Türk M, Karahan S, Gümüşkaya B, Akkaya M, Şimşek ME, Cay N, Doğan M. Autologous stem cell-derived chondrocyte implantation with bio-targeted microspheres for the treatment of osteochondral defects. J Orthop Surg Res 2019; 14:394. [PMID: 31779662 PMCID: PMC6883666 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-019-1434-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chondral injury is a common problem around the world. Currently, there are several treatment strategies for these types of injuries. The possible complications and problems associated with conventional techniques lead us to investigate a minimally invasive and biotechnological alternative treatment. Combining tissue-engineering and microencapsulation technologies provide new direction for the development of biotechnological solutions. The aim of this study is to develop a minimal invasive tissue-engineering approach, using bio-targeted microspheres including autologous cells, for the treatment of the cartilage lesions. METHOD In this study, a total of 28 sheeps of Akkaraman breed were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: control (group 1), microfracture (group 2), scaffold (group 3), and microsphere (group 4). Microspheres and scaffold group animals underwent adipose tissue collection prior to the treatment surgery. Mesenchymal cells collected from adipose tissue were differentiated into chondrocytes and encapsulated with scaffolds and microspheres. Osteochondral damage was conducted in the right knee joint of the sheep to create an animal model and all animals treated according to study groups. RESULTS Both macroscopic and radiologic examination showed that groups 3 and 4 have resulted better compared to the control and microfracture groups. Moreover, histologic assessments indicate hyaline-like cartilage formations in groups 3 and 4. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we believe that the bio-targeted microspheres can be a more effective, easier, and safer approach for cartilage tissue engineering compared to previous alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Bozkurt
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Doğan Aşık
- Department of Medical Biology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Safa Gürsoy
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Türk
- Deparment Of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kırıkkale University, 72450, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Siyami Karahan
- Deparment of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Vetarinary Medicine, Kırıkkale University, 72450, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Berrak Gümüşkaya
- Department of Pathology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Akkaya
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Şimşek
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Ankara Yenimahalle Research and Training Hospital, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurdan Cay
- Deparment of Radiology, School of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Metin Doğan
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
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Nam J, Jee H, Jang WS, Yoon J, Park BG, Lee SJ, Lim CS. Sheathless Shape-Based Separation of Candida Albicans Using a Viscoelastic Non-Newtonian Fluid. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10120817. [PMID: 31779188 PMCID: PMC6952941 DOI: 10.3390/mi10120817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and accurate identification of Candida albicans from among other candida species is critical for cost-effective treatment and antifungal drug assays. Shape is a critical biomarker indicating cell type, cell cycle, and environmental conditions; however, most microfluidic techniques have been focused only on size-based particle/cell manipulation. This study demonstrates a sheathless shape-based separation of particles/cells using a viscoelastic non-Newtonian fluid. The size of C. albicans was measured at 37 °C depending on the incubation time (0 h, 1 h, and 2 h). The effects of flow rates on the flow patterns of candida cells with different shapes were examined. Finally, 2-h-incubated candida cells with germ tube formations (≥26 μm) were separated from spherical candida cells and shorter candida cells with a separation efficiency of 80.9% and a purity of 91.2% at 50 μL/min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghun Nam
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University, Seoul 08308, Korea; (W.S.J.); (J.Y.); (B.G.P.)
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University, Seoul 08308, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.N.); (C.S.L.); Tel.: +82-2-2626-2422 (J.N.); +82-2-2626-3245 (C.S.L.)
| | - Hyunseul Jee
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Woong Sik Jang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University, Seoul 08308, Korea; (W.S.J.); (J.Y.); (B.G.P.)
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University, Seoul 08308, Korea
| | - Jung Yoon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University, Seoul 08308, Korea; (W.S.J.); (J.Y.); (B.G.P.)
| | - Borae G. Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University, Seoul 08308, Korea; (W.S.J.); (J.Y.); (B.G.P.)
| | - Seong Jae Lee
- Department of Polymer Engineering, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi 18323, Korea;
| | - Chae Seung Lim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University, Seoul 08308, Korea; (W.S.J.); (J.Y.); (B.G.P.)
- Correspondence: (J.N.); (C.S.L.); Tel.: +82-2-2626-2422 (J.N.); +82-2-2626-3245 (C.S.L.)
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Wagner SG, Mähler C, Polte I, von Poschinger J, Löwe H, Kremling A, Pflüger-Grau K. An automated and parallelised DIY-dosing unit for individual and complex feeding profiles: Construction, validation and applications. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217268. [PMID: 31216302 PMCID: PMC6583958 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Since biotechnological research becomes more and more important for industrial applications, there is an increasing need for scalable and controllable laboratory procedures. A widely used approach in biotechnological research to improve the performance of a process is to vary the growth rates in order to find the right balance between growth and the production. This can be achieved by the application of a suitable feeding strategy. During this initial bioprocess development, it is beneficial to have at hand cheap and easy setups that work in parallel (e.g. in shaking flasks). Unfortunately, there is a gap between these easy setups and defined and controllable processes, which are necessary for up-scaling to an industrial relevant volume. One prerequisite to test and evaluate different process strategies apart from batch-mode is the availability of pump systems that allow for defined feeding profiles in shaking flasks. To our knowledge, there is no suitable dosing device on the market which fulfils the requirements of being cheap, precise, programmable, and parallelizable. Commercially available dosing units are either already integrated in bioreactors and therefore inflexible, or not programmable, or expensive, or a combination of those. Here, we present a LEGO-MINDSTORMS-based syringe pump, which has the potential of being widely used in daily laboratory routine due to its low price, programmability, and parallelisability. The acquisition costs do not exceed 350 € for up to four dosing units, that are independently controllable with one EV3 block. The system covers flow rates ranging from 0.7 μL min-1 up to 210 mL min-1 with a reliable flux. One dosing unit can convey at maximum a volume of 20 mL (using all 4 units even up to 80 mL in total) over the whole process time. The design of the dosing unit enables the user to perform experiments with up to four different growth rates in parallel (each measured in triplicates) per EV3-block used. We estimate, that the LEGO-MINDSTORMS-based dosing unit with 12 syringes in parallel is reducing the costs up to 50-fold compared to a trivial version of a commercial pump system (~1500 €) which fits the same requirements. Using the pump, we set the growth rates of a E. coli HMS174/DE3 culture to values between 0.1 and 0.4 h-1 with a standard deviation of at best 0.35% and an average discrepancy of 13.2%. Additionally, we determined the energy demand of a culture for the maintenance of the pTRA-51hd plasmid by quantifying the changes in biomass yield with different growth rates set. Around 25% of total substrate taken up is used for plasmid maintenance. To present possible applications and show the flexibility of the system, we applied a constant feed to perform microencapsulation of Pseudomonas putida and an individual dosing profile for the purification of a his-tagged eGFP via IMAC. This smart and versatile dosing unit, which is ready-to-use without any prior knowledge in electronics and control, is affordable for everyone and due to its flexibility and broad application range a valuable addition to the laboratory routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine G. Wagner
- TU Munich, Systems Biotechnology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Garching, Germany
| | - Christoph Mähler
- TU Munich, Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Garching, Germany
| | - Ingmar Polte
- TU Munich, Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Garching, Germany
| | - Jeremy von Poschinger
- TU Munich, Systems Biotechnology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Garching, Germany
| | - Hannes Löwe
- TU Munich, Systems Biotechnology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Garching, Germany
| | - Andreas Kremling
- TU Munich, Systems Biotechnology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Garching, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Yucesan E, Basoglu H, Goncu B, Akbas F, Ersoy YE, Aysan E. Microencapsulated parathyroid allotransplantation in the omental tissue. Artif Organs 2019; 43:1022-1027. [DOI: 10.1111/aor.13475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Yucesan
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Bezmialem Vakif University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Harun Basoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysic Bezmialem Vakif University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Beyza Goncu
- Experimental Research Center Bezmialem Vakif University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Fahri Akbas
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology Bezmialem Vakif University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Yeliz Emine Ersoy
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery Bezmialem Vakif University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Erhan Aysan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery Bezmialem Vakif University Istanbul Turkey
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery Yeditepe University Istanbul Turkey
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Dunn A, Talovic M, Patel K, Patel A, Marcinczyk M, Garg K. Biomaterial and stem cell-based strategies for skeletal muscle regeneration. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:1246-1262. [PMID: 30604468 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Adult skeletal muscle can regenerate effectively after mild physical or chemical insult. Muscle trauma or disease can overwhelm this innate capacity for regeneration and result in heightened inflammation and fibrotic tissue deposition resulting in loss of structure and function. Recent studies have focused on biomaterial and stem cell-based therapies to promote skeletal muscle regeneration following injury and disease. Many stem cell populations besides satellite cells are implicated in muscle regeneration. These stem cells include but are not limited to mesenchymal stem cells, adipose-derived stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, pericytes, fibroadipogenic progenitors, side population cells, and CD133+ stem cells. However, several challenges associated with their isolation, availability, delivery, survival, engraftment, and differentiation have been reported in recent studies. While acellular scaffolds offer a relatively safe and potentially off-the-shelf solution to cell-based therapies, they are often unable to stimulate host cell migration and activity to a level that would result in clinically meaningful regeneration of traumatized muscle. Combining stem cells and biomaterials may offer a viable therapeutic strategy that may overcome the limitations associated with these therapies when they are used in isolation. In this article, we review the stem cell populations that can stimulate muscle regeneration in vitro and in vivo. We also discuss the regenerative potential of combination therapies that utilize both stem cell and biomaterials for the treatment of skeletal muscle injury and disease. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:1246-1262, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Dunn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation, and Technology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Muhamed Talovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation, and Technology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Krishna Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation, and Technology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Anjali Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation, and Technology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Madison Marcinczyk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation, and Technology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Koyal Garg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation, and Technology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
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Khatami N, Khoshfetrat AB, Khaksar M, Zamani ARN, Rahbarghazi R. Collagen‐alginate‐nano‐silica microspheres improved the osteogenic potential of human osteoblast‐like MG‐63 cells. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:15069-15082. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Neda Khatami
- Chemical Engineering Faculty Sahand University of Technology Tabriz Iran
| | | | - Majid Khaksar
- Stem Cell Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | | | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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Ludwinski FE, Patel AS, Damodaran G, Cho J, Furmston J, Xu Q, Jayasinghe SN, Smith A, Modarai B. Encapsulation of macrophages enhances their retention and angiogenic potential. NPJ Regen Med 2019; 4:6. [PMID: 30911410 PMCID: PMC6426993 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-019-0068-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell therapies to treat critical limb ischaemia have demonstrated only modest results in clinical trials, and this has been partly attributed to poor cell retention following their delivery directly into the ischaemic limb. The aim of this study was to determine whether alginate encapsulation of therapeutic pro-angio/arteriogenic macrophages enhances their retention and ultimately improves limb perfusion. A reproducible GMP-compliant method for generating 300 µm alginate capsules was developed to encapsulate pro-angio/arteriogenic macrophages. Longitudinal analysis revealed no detrimental effect of encapsulation on cell number or viability in vitro, and macrophages retained their pro-angio/arteriogenic phenotype. Intramuscular delivery of encapsulated macrophages into the murine ischaemic hindlimb demonstrated increased cell retention compared with injection of naked cells (P = 0.0001), and that this was associated both enhanced angiogenesis (P = 0.02) and arteriogenesis (P = 0.03), and an overall improvement in limb perfusion (P = 0.0001). Alginate encapsulation of pro-angio/arteriogenic macrophages enhances cell retention and subsequent limb reperfusion in vivo. Encapsulation may therefore represent a means of improving the efficacy of cell-based therapies currently under investigation for the treatment of limb ischaemia. Blood vessel-promoting immune cells stay longer in the body and help promote blood flow to the feet and toes of mice with critical limb ischemia when the therapeutic cells are packaged inside tiny bubbles of a biocompatible seaweed derivative called alginate. A team led by Bijan Modarai from King’s College London, UK, developed a reliable method for placing artery-stimulating macrophage cells inside alginate capsules measuring 300 micrometres in diameter, about the thickness of a postcard. In culture, the alginate coating had no effect on the macrophage viability; and when injected into the muscles of mice with artery blockages to their hindlimbs, the encapsulated cells were retained longer and offered greater therapeutic benefit than uncoated cells. This encapsulation strategy may improve the efficacy of comparable cell-based therapies for humans with limb ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca E Ludwinski
- 1King's College London, Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, BHF Centre for Regenerative Medicine and BHF Centre of Excellence and the Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ashish S Patel
- 1King's College London, Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, BHF Centre for Regenerative Medicine and BHF Centre of Excellence and the Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gopinath Damodaran
- 1King's College London, Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, BHF Centre for Regenerative Medicine and BHF Centre of Excellence and the Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jun Cho
- 1King's College London, Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, BHF Centre for Regenerative Medicine and BHF Centre of Excellence and the Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joanna Furmston
- 1King's College London, Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, BHF Centre for Regenerative Medicine and BHF Centre of Excellence and the Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Qingbo Xu
- 2King's College London, Vascular Biology Section, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, BHF Centre of Excellence, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Suwan N Jayasinghe
- 3BioPhysics Group, UCL Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, UCL Department of Mechanical Engineering and UCL Institute of Healthcare Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE UK
| | - Alberto Smith
- 1King's College London, Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, BHF Centre for Regenerative Medicine and BHF Centre of Excellence and the Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Bijan Modarai
- 1King's College London, Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, BHF Centre for Regenerative Medicine and BHF Centre of Excellence and the Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
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