1
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Escalona-Rodriguez FA, Cruz-Leal Y, La O-Bonet J, Pérez-Erviti JA, Valdés-Tresanco ME, Rivero-Hernández AL, Sifontes-Niebla M, Manso-Vargas A, Sánchez B, Alvarez C, Barbosa LRS, Itri R, Lanio ME. Unveiling Sticholysin II and plasmid DNA interaction: Implications for developing non-viral vectors. Toxicon 2024; 238:107571. [PMID: 38141971 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Non-viral gene delivery systems offer significant potential for gene therapy due to their versatility, safety, and cost advantages over viral vectors. However, their effectiveness can be hindered by the challenge of efficiently releasing the genetic cargo from endosomes to prevent degradation in lysosomes. To overcome this obstacle, functional components can be incorporated into these systems. Sticholysin II (StII) is one of the pore-forming proteins derived from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, known for its high ability to permeabilize cellular and model membranes. In this study, we aimed to investigate the interaction between StII, and a model plasmid (pDNA) as an initial step towards designing an improved vector with enhanced endosomal escape capability. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) confirmed the formation of complexes between StII and pDNA. Computational predictions identified specific residues involved in the StII-DNA interaction interface, highlighting the importance of electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonds in mediating the binding. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) of StII-pDNA complexes revealed the presence of nodular fiber and toroid shapes. These complexes were found to have a predominantly micrometer size, as confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements. Despite increase in the overall charge, the complexes formed at the evaluated nitrogen-to-phosphorus (N/P) ratios still maintained a negative charge. Moreover, StII retained its pore-forming capacity regardless of its binding to the complexes. These findings suggest that the potential ability of StII to permeabilize endosomal membranes could be largely maintained when combined with nucleic acid delivery systems. Additionally, the still remaining negative charge of the complexes would enable the association of another positively charged component to compact pDNA. However, to minimize non-specific cytotoxic effects, it is advisable to explore methods to regulate the protein's activity in response to the microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe A Escalona-Rodriguez
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana (UH), 25th Street, Corner to J Street, Square of Revolution, Havana, 10400, Cuba; NanoCancer, Molecular Immunology Center (CIM), 216 Street, Corner to 15 Street, Playa, Havana, 11600, Cuba.
| | - Yoelys Cruz-Leal
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana (UH), 25th Street, Corner to J Street, Square of Revolution, Havana, 10400, Cuba.
| | - Javier La O-Bonet
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana (UH), 25th Street, Corner to J Street, Square of Revolution, Havana, 10400, Cuba; NanoCancer, Molecular Immunology Center (CIM), 216 Street, Corner to 15 Street, Playa, Havana, 11600, Cuba.
| | - Julio A Pérez-Erviti
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana (UH), 25th Street, Corner to J Street, Square of Revolution, Havana, 10400, Cuba.
| | - Mario Ernesto Valdés-Tresanco
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana (UH), 25th Street, Corner to J Street, Square of Revolution, Havana, 10400, Cuba.
| | - Ada L Rivero-Hernández
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana (UH), 25th Street, Corner to J Street, Square of Revolution, Havana, 10400, Cuba; NanoCancer, Molecular Immunology Center (CIM), 216 Street, Corner to 15 Street, Playa, Havana, 11600, Cuba.
| | - Maricary Sifontes-Niebla
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana (UH), 25th Street, Corner to J Street, Square of Revolution, Havana, 10400, Cuba; NanoCancer, Molecular Immunology Center (CIM), 216 Street, Corner to 15 Street, Playa, Havana, 11600, Cuba.
| | - Alexis Manso-Vargas
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Direction, Molecular Immunology Center (CIM), 216 Street, Corner to 15 Street, Playa, Havana, 11600, Cuba.
| | - Belinda Sánchez
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Direction, Molecular Immunology Center (CIM), 216 Street, Corner to 15 Street, Playa, Havana, 11600, Cuba.
| | - Carlos Alvarez
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana (UH), 25th Street, Corner to J Street, Square of Revolution, Havana, 10400, Cuba; NanoCancer, Molecular Immunology Center (CIM), 216 Street, Corner to 15 Street, Playa, Havana, 11600, Cuba.
| | - Leandro R S Barbosa
- Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil; Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, 13083-100, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rosangela Itri
- Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil.
| | - María E Lanio
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana (UH), 25th Street, Corner to J Street, Square of Revolution, Havana, 10400, Cuba; NanoCancer, Molecular Immunology Center (CIM), 216 Street, Corner to 15 Street, Playa, Havana, 11600, Cuba.
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2
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Swart LE, Fens MHAM, van Oort A, Waranecki P, Mata Casimiro LD, Tuk D, Hendriksen M, van den Brink L, Schweighart E, Seinen C, Nelson R, Krippner-Heidenreich A, O'Toole T, Schiffelers RM, Kooijmans S, Heidenreich O. Increased Bone Marrow Uptake and Accumulation of Very-Late Antigen-4 Targeted Lipid Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1603. [PMID: 37376052 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have evolved rapidly as promising delivery systems for oligonucleotides, including siRNAs. However, current clinical LNP formulations show high liver accumulation after systemic administration, which is unfavorable for the treatment of extrahepatic diseases, such as hematological disorders. Here we describe the specific targeting of LNPs to hematopoietic progenitor cells in the bone marrow. Functionalization of the LNPs with a modified Leu-Asp-Val tripeptide, a specific ligand for the very-late antigen 4 resulted in an improved uptake and functional siRNA delivery in patient-derived leukemia cells when compared to their non-targeted counterparts. Moreover, surface-modified LNPs displayed significantly improved bone-marrow accumulation and retention. These were associated with increased LNP uptake by immature hematopoietic progenitor cells, also suggesting similarly improved uptake by leukemic stem cells. In summary, we describe an LNP formulation that successfully targets the bone marrow including leukemic stem cells. Our results thereby support the further development of LNPs for targeted therapeutic interventions for leukemia and other hematological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Swart
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel H A M Fens
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anita van Oort
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Piotr Waranecki
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - L Daniel Mata Casimiro
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - David Tuk
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Hendriksen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Luca van den Brink
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth Schweighart
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cor Seinen
- CDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ryan Nelson
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Tom O'Toole
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Raymond M Schiffelers
- CDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Kooijmans
- CDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf Heidenreich
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RY, UK
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3
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Issa H, Swart LE, Rasouli M, Ashtiani M, Nakjang S, Jyotsana N, Schuschel K, Heuser M, Blair H, Heidenreich O. Nanoparticle-mediated targeting of the fusion gene RUNX1/ETO in t(8;21)-positive acute myeloid leukaemia. Leukemia 2023; 37:820-834. [PMID: 36823395 PMCID: PMC10079536 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-01854-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
A hallmark of acute myeloid leukaemias (AMLs) are chromosomal rearrangements that give rise to novel leukaemia-specific fusion genes. Most of these fusion genes are both initiating and driving events in AML and therefore constitute ideal therapeutic targets but are challenging to target by conventional drug development. siRNAs are frequently used for the specific suppression of fusion gene expression but require special formulations for efficient in vivo delivery. Here we describe the use of siRNA-loaded lipid nanoparticles for the specific therapeutic targeting of the leukaemic fusion gene RUNX1/ETO. Transient knockdown of RUNX1/ETO reduces its binding to its target genes and alters the binding of RUNX1 and its co-factor CBFβ. Transcriptomic changes in vivo were associated with substantially increased median survival of a t(8;21)-AML mouse model. Importantly, transient knockdown in vivo causes long-lasting inhibition of leukaemic proliferation and clonogenicity, induction of myeloid differentiation and a markedly impaired re-engraftment potential in vivo. These data strongly suggest that temporary inhibition of RUNX1/ETO results in long-term restriction of leukaemic self-renewal. Our results provide proof for the feasibility of targeting RUNX1/ETO in a pre-clinical setting and support the further development of siRNA-LNPs for the treatment of fusion gene-driven malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Issa
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Department of Pediatrics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Laura E Swart
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Milad Rasouli
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Minoo Ashtiani
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sirintra Nakjang
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Nidhi Jyotsana
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Michael Heuser
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helen Blair
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Olaf Heidenreich
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. .,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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4
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Hassan EM, Zou S. Novel nanocarriers for silencing anti-phagocytosis CD47 marker in acute myeloid leukemia cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 217:112609. [PMID: 35667200 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a malignant disorder of Hematopoietic stem cells, can escape immunosurveillance by over expression of the cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) marker, which functions as an inhibitory signal, suppressing phagocytosis by binding to signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) on macrophages. AML is treated mainly by chemotherapy, which has drastic side effects and poor outcomes for the patients. Most AML patients develop drug resistance, so other methods to treat AML are highly required. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is considered as an antitumor therapeutic due to its ability to silence genes associated with the overexpressed cancer markers and subsequently re-sensitize cancer cells. However, delivering siRNA into cells faces challenges, and the development of an effective delivery system is desired for successful silencing at the gene level. Herein, we report the usage of different formulations of graphene oxide (GO) as carriers for the delivery of CD47_siRNA (siRNA against CD47) into AML cells in vitro. The polyethylene glycol (PEG) and dendrimers (PAMAM) modified GO with small flake sizes achieved the highest silencing efficiency of the anti-phagocytosis marker CD47 gene, resulted CD47 protein down-regulation in AML cells. Moreover, the concentration at which the GO-based formulations was used has shown no cytotoxicity in AML cells or normal blood cells, which could be used to screen potential drugs for targeted gene therapy in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Hassan
- Metrology Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Shan Zou
- Metrology Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa K1A 0R6, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
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5
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Swart LE, Koekman CA, Seinen CW, Issa H, Rasouli M, Schiffelers RM, Heidenreich O. A robust post-insertion method for the preparation of targeted siRNA LNPs. Int J Pharm 2022; 620:121741. [PMID: 35421533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Targeted delivery of nucleic acids is gaining momentum due to improved efficacy, selectivity, increased circulation time and enhanced tissue retention in target cells. Using nucleic acid-based therapies previously undruggable targets have proven now to be amenable for treatment. Currently, several methods for preparing targeted or labelled delivery vehicles for nucleic acids are based on liposomal formulations. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are structurally different from liposomes and these methods should therefore be evaluated before being translated to siRNA LNPs preparation protocols. Here, we describe a robust and facile method for the preparation of targeted or fluorescently labelled siRNA LNPs. Using a copper free strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) we demonstrate that post-insertion of ligand-lipid conjugates into preformed LNPs is superior to direct-surface modification because it preserves the physicochemical parameters of the LNPs. We found that the time point of solvent removal by dialysis is critical and affects the hydrodynamic diameter of the LNPs; post-insertion after dialysis shows the smallest increase in hydrodynamic diameter and polydispersity index (PDI). The post-insertion of ligand-lipid conjugates also proceeded with rapid kinetics and high efficacy over a wide temperature range. Using this optimised protocol, we generated siRNA LNPs containing both targeting and fluorescent tracking ligands allowing us to monitor siRNA LNP uptake kinetics in dependence of the targeting ligand. In aggregate, we describe a robust approach for the generation of targeted and labelled siRNA LNPs that allows their controlled and facile decoration with ligand combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Swart
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - C A Koekman
- Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht 3584 CX, the Netherlands
| | - C W Seinen
- Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht 3584 CX, the Netherlands
| | - H Issa
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - M Rasouli
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - R M Schiffelers
- Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht 3584 CX, the Netherlands
| | - O Heidenreich
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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6
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Wu A, Ansari AS, Uludaǧ H, Jiang X. Multiple gene knockdown strategies for investigating the properties of human leukemia stem cells and exploring new therapies. Methods Cell Biol 2022; 171:1-22. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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7
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Zou Y, Xiao F, Song L, Sun B, Sun D, Chu D, Wang L, Han S, Yu Z, O'Driscoll CM, Guo J. A folate-targeted PEGylated cyclodextrin-based nanoformulation achieves co-delivery of docetaxel and siRNA for colorectal cancer. Int J Pharm 2021; 606:120888. [PMID: 34271152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Docetaxel (DTX) is a chemotherapeutic agent used for a range of cancers, but it has little activity against colorectal cancer (CRC). However, combination therapy with other therapeutic agents is a potential strategy to enhance the efficacy of DTX in CRC treatment. The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway is implicated in a variety of malignancies (e.g., CRC), and the blockade of NF-κB may increase the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy. The application of small interference RNA (siRNA) to inhibit the translation of complementary mRNA has demonstrated the potential for cancer gene therapy. In this study, an amphiphilic cationic cyclodextrin (CD) nanoparticle modified with PEGylated folate (FA; a ligand to target folate receptor on CRC) has been developed for co-delivery of DTX and siRNA (against the RelA, a subunit of NF-κB) in the treatment of CRC. The resultant co-formulation (CD.DTX.siRelA.PEG-FA) achieved cell-specific uptake indicating the function of the folate targeting ligand. The CD.DTX.siRelA.PEG-FA nanoparticle enhanced the apoptotic effect of DTX with the downregulation of RelA expression, which significantly retarded the growth of CRC in mice, without causing significant toxicity. These results suggest that the FA-targeted PEGylated CD-based co-formulation provides a promising strategy for combining DTX and siRNA in treating CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Fang Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Liu Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Bingxue Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Dandan Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Di Chu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Limei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the General Hospital of FAW, Changchun 130011, China
| | - Shulan Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhuo Yu
- Department of Hepatopathy, Shuguang Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Caitriona M O'Driscoll
- Pharmacodelivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland.
| | - Jianfeng Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Pharmacodelivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland.
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8
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Swart LE, Heidenreich O. The RUNX1/RUNX1T1 network: translating insights into therapeutic options. Exp Hematol 2021; 94:1-10. [PMID: 33217477 PMCID: PMC7854360 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
RUNX1/RUNX1T1 is the most common fusion gene found in acute myeloid leukemia. Seminal contributions by many different research groups have revealed a complex regulatory network promoting leukemic self-renewal and propagation. Perturbation of RUNX1/RUNX1T1 levels and its DNA binding affects chromatin accessibility and transcription factor occupation at multiple gene loci associated with changes in gene expression levels. Exploration of this transcriptional program by targeted RNAi screens uncovered a crucial role of RUNX1/RUNX1T1 in cell cycle progression by regulating CCND2. This dependency results in a high vulnerability toward inhibitors of CDK4 and CDK6 and suggests new avenues for therapeutic intervention against acute myeloid leukemia.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Cycle
- Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/genetics
- Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Gene Regulatory Networks
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/therapy
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
- Protein Interaction Maps
- RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein/genetics
- RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein/metabolism
- Transcriptional Activation
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Swart
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf Heidenreich
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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9
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Zabel MD, Mollnow L, Bender H. siRNA Therapeutics for Protein Misfolding Diseases of the Central Nervous System. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2282:377-394. [PMID: 33928585 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1298-9_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles have been used to deliver siRNA to tissues and cells to silence specific genes in diverse organisms. Research and clinical application of nanoparticles like liposomes for drug delivery requires targeting them to specific anatomic regions or cell types, while avoiding off-target effects or clearance by the liver, kidney, or the immune system. Delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) presents additional challenges to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to specific cell types like neurons, astrocytes, or glia. Here, we describe the generation of three different liposomal siRNA delivery vehicles to the CNS using the thin film hydration method. Utilizing cationic or anionic liposomes protects the siRNA from serum nucleases and proteases en route. To deliver the siRNA specifically to the CNS, the liposomes are complexed to a peptide that acts as a neuronal address by binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAchRs). When injected intravenously or instilled intranasally, these liposome-siRNA-peptide complexes (LSPCs) or peptide addressed liposome-encapsulated therapeutic siRNA (PALETS) resist serum degradation, effectively cross the BBB, and deliver siRNA to AchR-expressing cells to suppress protein expression in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Zabel
- Prion Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
| | - Luke Mollnow
- Prion Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Heather Bender
- Prion Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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10
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Abstract
RNA interference is a relatively new tool used to silence specific genes in diverse biological systems. The development of this promising new technique for research and therapeutic use in studying and treating neurological diseases has been hampered by the lack of an efficient way to deliver siRNA transvascularly across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to the central nervous system (CNS). Here we describe the generation of three different liposomal siRNA delivery vehicles to the CNS using the thin film hydration method. Utilizing cationic or anionic liposomes protects the siRNA from serum nucleases and proteases en route. To deliver the siRNA specifically to the CNS, the liposomes are complexed to a peptide that acts as a neuronal address by binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAchRs). When injected intravenously, these liposome-siRNA-peptide complexes (LSPCs) or peptide addressed liposome encapsulated therapeutic siRNA (PALETS) resist serum degradation, effectively cross the BBB and deliver siRNA to AchR-expressing cells to suppress protein expression in the CNS.
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11
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Guo J, Luan X, Cong Z, Sun Y, Wang L, McKenna SL, Cahill MR, O'Driscoll CM. The potential for clinical translation of antibody-targeted nanoparticles in the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia. J Control Release 2018; 286:154-166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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12
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Braciak TA, Roskopf CC, Wildenhain S, Fenn NC, Schiller CB, Schubert IA, Jacob U, Honegger A, Krupka C, Subklewe M, Spiekermann K, Hopfner KP, Fey GH, Aigner M, Krause S, Mackensen A, Oduncu FS. Dual-targeting triplebody 33-16-123 (SPM-2) mediates effective redirected lysis of primary blasts from patients with a broad range of AML subtypes in combination with natural killer cells. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1472195. [PMID: 30228941 PMCID: PMC6140553 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1472195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of agents designed for immunotherapy of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) are in preclinical and early clinical development. Most of them target a single antigen on the surface of AML cells. Here we describe the development and key biological properties of a tri-specific agent, the dual-targeting triplebody SPM-2, with binding sites for target antigens CD33 and CD123, and for CD16 to engage NK cells as cytolytic effectors. Primary blasts of nearly all AML patients carry at least one of these target antigens and the pair is particularly promising for the elimination of blasts and leukemia stem cells (LSCs) from a majority of AML patients by dual-targeting agents. The cytolytic activity of NK cells mediated by SPM-2 was analyzed in vitro for primary leukemic cells from 29 patients with a broad range of AML-subtypes. Blasts from all 29 patients, including patients with genomic alterations associated with an unfavorable genetic subtype, were lysed at nanomolar concentrations of SPM-2. Maximum susceptibility was observed for cells with a combined density of CD33 and CD123 above 10,000 copies/cell. Cell populations enriched for AML-LSCs (CD34pos and CD34pos CD38neg cells) from 2 AML patients carried an increased combined antigen density and were lysed at correspondingly lower concentrations of SPM-2 than unsorted blasts. These initial findings raise the expectation that SPM-2 may also be capable of eliminating AML-LSCs and thus of prolonging survival. In the future, patients with a broad range of AML subtypes may benefit from treatment with SPM-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd A. Braciak
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik III, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia C. Roskopf
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik III, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Wildenhain
- Department of Biochemistry and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Nadja C. Fenn
- Department of Biochemistry and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian B. Schiller
- Department of Biochemistry and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo A. Schubert
- Department of Biology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | - Christina Krupka
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik III, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Immunol ogy, Gene Center of the LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marion Subklewe
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik III, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Immunol ogy, Gene Center of the LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Karsten Spiekermann
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik III, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Karl-Peter Hopfner
- Department of Biochemistry and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Georg H. Fey
- Department of Biology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Aigner
- Department of Internal Medicine 5 - Hematology/Oncology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Krause
- Department of Internal Medicine 5 - Hematology/Oncology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Mackensen
- Department of Internal Medicine 5 - Hematology/Oncology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fuat S. Oduncu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik III, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
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13
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Guo J, Russell EG, Darcy R, Cotter TG, McKenna SL, Cahill MR, O’Driscoll CM. Antibody-Targeted Cyclodextrin-Based Nanoparticles for siRNA Delivery in the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Physicochemical Characteristics, in Vitro Mechanistic Studies, and ex Vivo Patient Derived Therapeutic Efficacy. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:940-952. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b01150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Guo
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Pharmacodelivery
Group, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eileen G. Russell
- Tumour
Biology Laboratory, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Raphael Darcy
- Pharmacodelivery
Group, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Thomas G. Cotter
- Tumour
Biology Laboratory, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Mary R. Cahill
- Department
of Haematology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
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14
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Ewe A, Panchal O, Pinnapireddy SR, Bakowsky U, Przybylski S, Temme A, Aigner A. Liposome-polyethylenimine complexes (DPPC-PEI lipopolyplexes) for therapeutic siRNA delivery in vivo. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 13:209-218. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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15
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Tushir-Singh J. Antibody-siRNA conjugates: drugging the undruggable for anti-leukemic therapy. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2016; 17:325-338. [PMID: 27977315 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2017.1273344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Generating effective RNAi-based therapies with the potential to achieve leukemia remission remains critical unmet need. Despite a growing number of leukemia clinical trials, tissue specific delivery of therapeutic siRNA is a major roadblock in translating its clinical potential. The most recent reports in the antibody-siRNA-conjugates (ARCs) field add new dimensions to leukemic therapy, where a covalently ligated therapeutic antisense-RNA with the potential to repress the oncogenic transcript is selectively delivered into the cancer cells. Despite ARC localization to leukemic cells due to high affinity antigen-antibody interactions, multiple challenges exist to unlock the therapeutic potential of siRNA targeting. Areas covered: This review focuses on antibody and siRNA-based therapies for leukemia as well as potential antibody engineering-based strategies to generate an optimal ARC platform. Expert opinion: In vitro and clinical results have revealed that non-targeted delivery and inefficient cellular internalization of therapeutic siRNA are major contributing factors for the lack of efficacy in leukemia patients. Rational antibody design and selective protein engineering with the potential to neutralize siRNA charge, stabilize ARC complex, restrict off-targeted delivery, optimize endosomal escape, and extend serum half-life will generate clinically relevant leukemic therapies that are safe, selective, and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jogender Tushir-Singh
- a Laboratory of Novel Biologics, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics , University of Virginia Cancer Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville , VA , USA
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16
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Wang Y, Wu B, Yang C, Liu M, Sum TC, Yong KT. Synthesis and Characterization of Mn:ZnSe/ZnS/ZnMnS Sandwiched QDs for Multimodal Imaging and Theranostic Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:534-546. [PMID: 26663023 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201503352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a facile aqueous synthesis method is optimized to produce Mn:ZnSe/ZnS/ZnMnS sandwiched quantum dots (SQDs). In this core-shell co-doped system, paramagnetic Mn(2+) ions are introduced as core and shell dopants to generate Mn phosphorescence and enhance the magnetic resonance imaging signal, respectively. T1 relaxivity of the nanoparticles can be improved and manipulated by raising the shell doping level. Steady state and time-resolved optical measurements suggest that, after high level shell doping, Mn phosphorescence of the core can be sustained by the sandwiched ZnS shell. Because the SQDs are free of toxic heavy metal compositions, excellent biocompatibility of the prepared nanocrystals is verified by in vitro MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. To explore the theranostic applications of SQDs, liposome-SQD assemblies are prepared and used for ex vivo optical and magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, these engineered SQDs as nanocarrier for gene delivery in therapy of Panc-1 cancer cells are employed. The therapeutic effects of the nanocrystals formulation are confirmed by gene expression analysis and cell viability assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Bo Wu
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Chengbin Yang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Maixian Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Tze Chien Sum
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Ken-Tye Yong
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
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17
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Liao W, Li W, Zhang T, Kirberger M, Liu J, Wang P, Chen W, Wang Y. Powering up the molecular therapy of RNA interference by novel nanoparticles. Biomater Sci 2016; 4:1051-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00204h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
With more suitable for disease treatment due to reduced cellular toxicity, higher loading capacity, and better biocompatibility, nanoparticle-based siRNA delivery systems have proved to be more potent, higher specific and less toxic than the traditional drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhen Liao
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou
- China
- Department of Food Science and Technology
| | | | - Tiantian Zhang
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | | | - Jun Liu
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences
- University of Saskatchewan
- Saskatoon
- Canada
| | - Pei Wang
- Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University
- North Carolina 28081
- USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou
- China
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18
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Zhang W, Peng F, Zhou T, Huang Y, Zhang L, Ye P, Lu M, Yang G, Gai Y, Yang T, Ma X, Xiang G. Targeted delivery of chemically modified anti-miR-221 to hepatocellular carcinoma with negatively charged liposomes. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:4825-36. [PMID: 26251599 PMCID: PMC4524461 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s79598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. Gene therapy was established as a new strategy for treating HCC. To explore the potential delivery system to support the gene therapy of HCC, negatively charged liposomal delivery system was used to deliver miR-221 antisense oligonucleotide (anti-miR-221) to the transferrin (Tf) receptor over expressed HepG2 cells. The liposome exhibited a mean particle size of 122.5 nm, zeta potential of −15.74 mV, anti-miR-221 encapsulation efficiency of 70%, and excellent colloidal stability at 4°C. Anti-miR-221-encapsulated Tf-targeted liposome demonstrated a 15-fold higher delivery efficiency compared to nontargeted liposome in HepG2 cells in vitro. Anti-miR-221 Tf-targeted liposome effectively delivered anti-miR-221 to HepG2 cells, upregulated miR-221 target genes PTEN, P27kip1, and TIMP3, and exhibited greater silencing efficiency over nontargeted anti-miR-221 liposome. After intravenous injection into HepG2 tumor-bearing xenografted mice with Cy3-labeled anti-miR-221 Tf-targeted liposome, Cy3-anti-miR-221 was successfully delivered to the tumor site and increased the expressions of PTEN, P27kip1, and TIMP3. Our results demonstrate that the Tf-targeted negatively charged liposome could be a potential therapeutic modality in the gene therapy of human HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendian Zhang
- school of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangqi Peng
- school of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Taotao Zhou
- school of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Lu
- school of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Yang
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongkang Gai
- school of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tan Yang
- school of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Ma
- school of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangya Xiang
- school of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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19
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Li H, Xu S, Quan J, Yung BC, Pang J, Zhou C, Cho YA, Zhang M, Liu S, Muthusamy N, Chan KK, Byrd JC, Lee LJ, Marcucci G, Lee RJ. CD33-Targeted Lipid Nanoparticles (aCD33LNs) for Therapeutic Delivery of GTI-2040 to Acute Myelogenous Leukemia. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:2010-8. [PMID: 25871632 DOI: 10.1021/mp5008212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CD33-targeted lipid nanoparticles (aCD33LNs) were synthesized for delivery of GTI-2040, an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) against the R2 subunit of ribonucleotide reductase, to acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). These LNs incorporated a deoxycholate-polyethylenimine (DOC-PEI) conjugate, which has shown significant activity to facilitate oligonucleotide delivery. Anti-CD33 scFv (aCD33) was added as a targeting ligand. The delivery efficiency of this system was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. When cells were treated with aCD33LN/GTI-2040, significant uptake was observed in CD33 positive Kasumi-1 cells. aCD33LNs loaded with GTI-2040 induced significant down-regulation of R2 mRNA and protein levels in AML cells. Moreover, aCD33LN/GTI-2040 showed a 15-fold reduction in the IC50 of antileukemic drug Ara-C in Kasumi-1 cells. In Kasumi-1 xenograft model, aCD33LN/GTI-2040 showed significant R2 downregulation compared to LN/GTI-2040. Furthermore, aCD33LN/GTI-2040 coadministered with Ara-C was shown to be highly effective in tumor growth inhibition and to greatly increase survival time of mice bearing Kasumi-1 xenograft tumors. The conjugate DOC-PEI has shown an ability to include calcein release from lipid nanoparticles, suggesting a potential mechanism contributing to efficient endosome release by DOC-PEI2K. These results indicate that aCD33LNs are a highly effective vehicle for the therapeutic delivery of antisense agents to AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- †Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, ‡Division of Hematology-Oncology, §Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, and ∥Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Songlin Xu
- †Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, ‡Division of Hematology-Oncology, §Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, and ∥Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jishan Quan
- †Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, ‡Division of Hematology-Oncology, §Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, and ∥Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.,⊥Pharmacy College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Bryant C Yung
- †Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, ‡Division of Hematology-Oncology, §Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, and ∥Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | | | - Chenguang Zhou
- †Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, ‡Division of Hematology-Oncology, §Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, and ∥Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Young-Ah Cho
- †Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, ‡Division of Hematology-Oncology, §Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, and ∥Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | | | | | | | - Kenneth K Chan
- †Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, ‡Division of Hematology-Oncology, §Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, and ∥Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | | | | | | | - Robert J Lee
- †Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, ‡Division of Hematology-Oncology, §Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, and ∥Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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20
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Navarro G, Sawant RR, Essex S, Tros de Ilarduya C, Torchilin VP. Phospholipid-polyethylenimine conjugate-based micelle-like nanoparticles for siRNA delivery. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2015; 1:25-33. [PMID: 22916337 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-010-0004-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Gene silencing using small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of various diseases, in particular, cancer. Recently, our group reported on a novel gene carrier, the micelle-like nanoparticle (MNP), based on the combination of a covalent conjugate of phospholipid and polyethylenimine (PLPEI) with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and lipids. These long-circulating MNPs loaded with plasmid DNA-mediated gene expression in distal tumors after systemic administration in vivo. In the current study, we investigated the potential of MNPs for siRNA delivery. MNPs were prepared by condensing siRNA with PLPEI at a nitrogen/phosphate ratio of 10, where the binding of siRNA is complete. The addition of a PEG/lipid coating to the PLPEI complexes generated particles with sizes of ca. 200 nm and a neutral surface charge compared with positively charged PLPEI polyplexes without the additional coating. MNPs protected the loaded siRNA against enzymatic digestion and enhanced the cellular uptake of the siRNA payload. MNPs carrying green fluorescent protein (GFP)-targeted siRNA effectively downregulated the gene in cells that stably express GFP. Finally, MNPs were non-toxic at a wide range of concentrations and for different cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Navarro
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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21
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Progress in RNAi-mediated Molecular Therapy of Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2015; 4:e240. [DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2015.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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22
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The enhancement of gene silencing efficiency with chitosan-coated liposome formulations of siRNAs targeting HIF-1α and VEGF. Int J Pharm 2015; 478:147-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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23
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Guo J, Cahill MR, McKenna SL, O'Driscoll CM. Biomimetic nanoparticles for siRNA delivery in the treatment of leukaemia. Biotechnol Adv 2014; 32:1396-409. [PMID: 25218571 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Leukaemia is a bone marrow cancer occurring in acute and chronic subtypes. Acute leukaemia is a rapidly fatal cancer potentially causing death within a few weeks, if untreated. Leukaemia arises as a result of disruption to haematopoietic precursors, caused either by acquired gene fusions, gene mutations or inappropriate expression of the relevant oncogenes. Current treatment options have made significant progress, but the 5 year survival for acute leukaemia remains under 10% in elderly patients, and less than 50% for some types of acute leukaemia in younger adults. For chronic leukaemias longer survival is generally expected and for chronic myeloid leukaemia patients on tyrosine kinase inhibitors the median survival is not yet reached and is expected to exceed 10 years. Chemotherapy and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for acute leukaemia provide the mainstay of therapy for patients under 65 and both carry significant morbidity and mortality. Alternative and superior therapeutic strategies for acute leukaemias are urgently required. Recent molecular-based knowledge of recurring chromosome rearrangements, in particular translocations and inversions, has resulted in significant advances in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of leukaemia. Identification of a number of unique fusion genes has facilitated the development of highly specific small interfering RNAs (siRNA). Although delivery of siRNA using multifunctional nanoparticles has been investigated to treat solid cancers, the application of this approach to blood cancers is at an early stage. This review describes current treatments for leukaemia and highlights the potential of leukaemic fusion genes as therapeutic targets for RNA interference (RNAi). In addition, the design of biomimetic nanoparticles which are capable of responding to the physiological environment of leukaemia and their potential to advance RNAi therapeutics to the clinic will be critically evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Guo
- Pharmacodelivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Mary R Cahill
- Department of Haematology, Cork University Hospital, Ireland
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24
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Westphal S, Brinkmann H, Kalupa M, Wilke A, Seitz-Merwald I, Penack O. Anti-tumor effects of anti-T-cell globulin. Exp Hematol 2014; 42:875-82. [PMID: 25017629 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2014.07.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In vivo T-cell depletion using anti-T-cell antibodies is a standard procedure during allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Clinical data demonstrate that in vivo T-cell depletion with the anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody Alemtuzumab is associated with increased relapse rates of hematologic malignancies after allo-HSCT, underlining the importance of donor T cells for graft versus tumor activity. In contrast, recent results suggest that in vivo T-cell depletion with rabbit anti-T-cell globulin (ATG) Fresenius is not associated with tumor relapse after allo-HSCT, raising the possibility that ATG mediates antitumor effects. However, data on ATG's ability to bind to tumor cells and on its effect on the induction of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) are lacking. We used ATG Fresenius, which contains polyclonal rabbit IgG directed against the human T-lymphoma cell line Jurkat, to study relevant mechanisms of ATG-mediated antitumor effects, including ADCC, complement-dependent cytotoxicity, and induction of apoptosis. Based on the knowledge that Jurkat cells aberrantly express myeloid markers and B-cell markers, we hypothesized that rabbit ATG Fresenius binds to a variety of hematologic malignancies. We found that ATG specifically binds to a variety of hematologic malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia and B-cell lymphoma in a concentration-dependent manner. We demonstrate that ATG mediates antitumor activity, including induction of ADCC, complement-dependent cytotoxicity, and apoptosis, toward different hematologic malignancies. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the effects of ATG on posttransplant immunology in patients undergoing allo-HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Westphal
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumorimmunology, Charité Campus Virchow, Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hanna Brinkmann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumorimmunology, Charité Campus Virchow, Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Kalupa
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumorimmunology, Charité Campus Virchow, Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Wilke
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumorimmunology, Charité Campus Virchow, Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Olaf Penack
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumorimmunology, Charité Campus Virchow, Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.
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25
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Srivastava A, O’Connor IB, Pandit A, Gerard Wall J. Polymer-antibody fragment conjugates for biomedical applications. Prog Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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26
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Videira M, Arranja A, Rafael D, Gaspar R. Preclinical development of siRNA therapeutics: towards the match between fundamental science and engineered systems. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2013; 10:689-702. [PMID: 24333589 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2013.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The evolution of synthetic RNAi faces the paradox of interfering with the human biological environment. Due to the fact that all cell physiological processes can be target candidates, silencing a precise biological pathway could be challenging if target selectivity is not properly addressed. Molecular biology has provided scientific tools to suppress some of the most critical issues in gene therapy, while setting the standards for siRNA clinical application. However, the protein down-regulation through the mRNA silencing is intimately related to the sequence-specific siRNA ability to interact accurately with the potential target. Moreover, its in vivo biological fate is highly dependent on the successful design of a vehicle able to overcome both extracellular and intracellular barriers. Anticipating a great deal of innovation, crucial to meet the challenges involved in the RNAi therapeutics, the present review intends to build up a synopsis on the delivery strategies currently developed. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR This review discusses recent progress and pertinent limiting factors related to the use of siRNA-s as efficient protein-specific "silencing" agents, focusing on targeted delivery not only to cells of interest, but to the proper intracellular destination.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Videira
- iMed.UL - Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - A Arranja
- iMed.UL - Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - D Rafael
- iMed.UL - Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - R Gaspar
- iMed.UL - Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
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27
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Gasiorowski RE, Clark GJ, Bradstock K, Hart DNJ. Antibody therapy for acute myeloid leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2013; 164:481-95. [PMID: 24321020 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Novel therapies with increased efficacy and decreased toxicity are desperately needed for the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). The anti CD33 immunoconjugate, gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO), was withdrawn with concerns over induction mortality and lack of efficacy. However a number of recent trials suggest that, particularly in AML with favourable cytogenetics, GO may improve overall survival. This data and the development of alternative novel monoclonal antibodies (mAb) have renewed interest in the area. Leukaemic stem cells (LSC) are identified as the subset of AML blasts that reproduces the leukaemic phenotype upon transplantation into immunosuppressed mice. AML relapse may be caused by chemoresistant LSC and this has refocused interest on identifying and targeting antigens specific for LSC. Several mAb have been developed that target LSC effectively in xenogeneic models but only a few have begun clinical evaluation. Antibody engineering may improve the activity of potential new therapeutics for AML. The encouraging results seen with bispecific T cell-engaging mAb-based molecules against CD19 in the treatment of B-cell acute lymphobalstic leukaemia, highlight the potential efficacy of engineered antibodies in the treatment of acute leukaemia. Potent engineered mAb, possibly targeting novel LSC antigens, offer hope for improving the current poor prognosis for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin E Gasiorowski
- ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Concord, NSW, Australia; Department of Haematology, Concord Cancer Centre, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia
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Determination of key structure-activity relationships in siRNA delivery with a mixed micelle system. J Control Release 2013; 172:939-45. [PMID: 24140749 PMCID: PMC3898608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Short interfering ribonucleic acids (siRNAs) offer a highly specific and selective form of therapy for diseases with a genetic component; however the poor pharmacokinetic properties of the molecule have impeded its development into a therapeutic for use in vivo. Several different approaches have been taken to develop a successful siRNA delivery system but these systems lack the flexibility for easy optimisation. Here, we propose a polymeric nanoparticle (PNP) system consisting of two amphiphilic diblock copolymers which allow for the rapid determination of structure-activity relationships involving gene knockdown and toxicity. The diblock copolymers self-assemble into monodisperse micelles of defined hydrodynamic diameters ranging from 30 to 100 nm dependent on the copolymer ratio. A luciferase-based high throughput assay varying PNP composition, concentration and siRNA concentration allowed the rapid identification of efficient PNP formulations for adherent and suspension cell lines. Optimised PNPs efficiently knocked down a fusion oncogene in hard to transfect human leukaemic cells raising the possibility of targeting malignant cells in a cancer-specific fashion. This approach allows the optimum PNP formulation to be identified for different cell types and conditions.
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Sutton JT, Haworth KJ, Pyne-Geithman G, Holland CK. Ultrasound-mediated drug delivery for cardiovascular disease. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013; 10:573-92. [PMID: 23448121 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2013.772578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ultrasound (US) has been developed as both a valuable diagnostic tool and a potent promoter of beneficial tissue bioeffects for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. These effects can be mediated by mechanical oscillations of circulating microbubbles, or US contrast agents, which may also encapsulate and shield a therapeutic agent in the bloodstream. Oscillating microbubbles can create stresses directly on nearby tissue or induce fluid effects that effect drug penetration into vascular tissue, lyse thrombi or direct drugs to optimal locations for delivery. AREAS COVERED The present review summarizes investigations that have provided evidence for US-mediated drug delivery as a potent method to deliver therapeutics to diseased tissue for cardiovascular treatment. In particular, the focus will be on investigations of specific aspects relating to US-mediated drug delivery, such as delivery vehicles, drug transport routes, biochemical mechanisms and molecular targeting strategies. EXPERT OPINION These investigations have spurred continued research into alternative therapeutic applications, such as bioactive gas delivery and new US technologies. Successful implementation of US-mediated drug delivery has the potential to change the way many drugs are administered systemically, resulting in more effective and economical therapeutics, and less-invasive treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan T Sutton
- University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, and Biomedical Engineering Program, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Nolte A, Aufderklamm S, Scheu K, Walker T, König O, Böttcher M, Niederlaender J, Schwentner C, Schlensak C, Stenzl A, Wendel HP. Small Interfering RNA Transfection Against Serum Response Factor Mediates Growth Inhibition of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Fibroblasts. Nucleic Acid Ther 2013; 23:62-70. [DOI: 10.1089/nat.2012.0392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Nolte
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, Tuebingen University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Aufderklamm
- University Department of Urology, Tuebingen University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Katrin Scheu
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, Tuebingen University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Walker
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, Tuebingen University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Olivia König
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, Tuebingen University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Miriam Böttcher
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, Tuebingen University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jan Niederlaender
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, Tuebingen University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christian Schwentner
- University Department of Urology, Tuebingen University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christian Schlensak
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, Tuebingen University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Arnulf Stenzl
- University Department of Urology, Tuebingen University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Hans Peter Wendel
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, Tuebingen University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
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Abstract
RNA interference is a relatively new tool used to silence specific genes in diverse biological systems. The development of this promising new technique for research and therapeutic use in studying and treating neurological diseases has been hampered by the lack of an efficient way to deliver siRNA transvascularly across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to the central nervous system (CNS). Here we describe a method for delivering siRNA to the CNS by complexing it to a peptide that acts as a neuronal address by binding to acetylcholine receptors (AchRs). Adding cationic liposomes to the complex protects it from serum nucleases and proteases en route. When injected intravenously, these liposome-siRNA-peptide complexes resist serum degradation, effectively cross the BBB, and deliver siRNA to AchR-expressing cells to suppress protein expression in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Zabel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
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Kesharwani P, Gajbhiye V, Jain NK. A review of nanocarriers for the delivery of small interfering RNA. Biomaterials 2012; 33:7138-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Jiang N, Zhang X, Zheng X, Chen D, Siu K, Wang H, Ichim TE, Quan D, McAlister V, Chen G, Min WP. A novel in vivo siRNA delivery system specifically targeting liver cells for protection of ConA-induced fulminant hepatitis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44138. [PMID: 22970170 PMCID: PMC3435394 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fulminant hepatitis progresses to acute liver failure (ALF) when the extent of hepatocyte death exceeds the liver's regenerative capacity. Although small interfering RNA (siRNA) appears promising in animal models of hepatitis, the approach is limited by drawbacks associated with systemic administration of siRNA. The aim of this study is to develop a hepatocyte-specific delivery system of siRNA for treatment of fulminant hepatitis. Methodology/Principal Findings Galactose-conjugated liposome nano-particles (Gal-LipoNP) bearing siRNA was prepared, and the particle size and zeta potential of Gal-LipoNP/siRNA complexes were measured. The distribution, cytotoxicity and gene silence efficiency were studied in vivo in a concanavalin A (ConA)-induced hepatitis model. C57BL/6 mice were treated with Gal-LipoNP Fas siRNA by i.v. injection 72 h before ConA challenge, and hepatocyte injury was evaluated using serum alanine transferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels, as well as liver histopathology and TUNEL-positive hepatocytes. The galactose-ligated liposomes were capable of encapsulating >96% siRNA and exhibited a higher stability than naked siRNA in plasma. Hepatocyte-specific targeting was confirmed by in vivo delivery experiment, in which the majority of Gal-LipoNP-siRNA evaded nuclease digestion and accumulated in the liver as soon as 6 h after administration. In vivo gene silencing was significant in the liver after treatment of Gal-Lipo-siRNA. In the ConA-induced hepatitis model, serum levels of ALT and AST were significantly reduced in mice treated with Gal-lipoNP-siRNA as compared with control mice. Additionally, tissue histopathology and apoptosis showed an overall reduction of injury in the Gal-LipoNP siRNA-treated mice. Conclusions/Significance This study is the first to our knowledge to demonstrate reduction of hepatic injury by liver-specific induction of RNA interference using Gal-LipoNP Fas siRNA, highlighting a novel RNAi-based therapeutic potential in many liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
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Wang R, Xiao R, Zeng Z, Xu L, Wang J. Application of poly(ethylene glycol)-distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine (PEG-DSPE) block copolymers and their derivatives as nanomaterials in drug delivery. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:4185-98. [PMID: 22904628 PMCID: PMC3418104 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s34489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol)–distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine (PEG-DSPE) block copolymers are biocompatible and amphiphilic polymers that can be widely utilized in the preparation of liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, polymer hybrid nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles, and microemulsions. Particularly, the terminal groups of PEG can be activated and linked to various targeting ligands, which can prolong the circulation time, improve the drug bioavailability, reduce undesirable side effects, and especially target specific cells, tissues, and even the intracellular localization in organelles. This review herein aims to describe recent developments in drug carriers exploiting PEG-DSPE block copolymers and their derivatives, and the incorporation of different ligands to the end groups of PEG-DSPE to target delivery, focusing on their modification approaches, advantages, applications, and the probable associated drawbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Wang
- Campus Hospital of Zhejiang University, and Research Center for Biomedicine and Health, Hangzhou Normal University, 1378 Wen Yi Xi Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. /
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Navarro G, Sawant RR, Biswas S, Essex S, Tros de Ilarduya C, Torchilin VP. P-glycoprotein silencing with siRNA delivered by DOPE-modified PEI overcomes doxorubicin resistance in breast cancer cells. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2012; 7:65-78. [PMID: 22191778 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.11.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Multidrug resistance (MDR) mediated by overexpression of drug efflux transporters such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp), is a major problem, limiting successful chemotherapy of breast cancer. The use of siRNA to inhibit P-gp expression in MDR tumors is an attractive strategy to improve the effectiveness of anticancer drugs. METHOD We have synthesized a novel conjugate between a phospholipid (dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine) and polyethylenimine (PEI) for siRNA delivery, for the purpose of silencing P-gp to overcome doxorubicin resistance in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. RESULTS The dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine-PEI conjugate enhanced the transfection efficacy of low-molecular-weight PEI, which was otherwise totally ineffective. In addition, the polyethylene glycol/lipid coating of the new complexes gave rise to small micelle-like nanoparticles with improved biocompatibility properties. Both coated and noncoated formulations delivered P-gp-specific siRNA to MDR cells. DISCUSSION The combination of doxorubicin and P-gp silencing formulations led to a twofold increase of doxorubicin uptake and a significant improvement of the therapeutic effect of doxorubicin in resistant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Navarro
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology & Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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36
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Gong YK, Winnik FM. Strategies in biomimetic surface engineering of nanoparticles for biomedical applications. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:360-8. [PMID: 22134705 DOI: 10.1039/c1nr11297j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) play an increasingly important role in biomedical sciences and in nanomedicine. Yet, in spite of significant advances, it remains difficult to construct drug-loaded NPs with precisely defined therapeutic effects, in terms of release time and spatial targeting. The body is a highly complex system that imposes multiple physiological and cellular barriers to foreign objects. Upon injection in the blood stream or following oral administation, NPs have to bypass numerous barriers prior to reaching their intended target. A particularly successful design strategy consists in masking the NP to the biological environment by covering it with an outer surface mimicking the composition and functionality of the cell's external membrane. This review describes this biomimetic approach. First, we outline key features of the composition and function of the cell membrane. Then, we present recent developments in the fabrication of molecules that mimic biomolecules present on the cell membrane, such as proteins, peptides, and carbohydrates. We present effective strategies to link such bioactive molecules to the NPs surface and we highlight the power of this approach by presenting some exciting examples of biomimetically engineered NPs useful for multimodal diagnostics and for target-specific drug/gene delivery applications. Finally, critical directions for future research and applications of biomimetic NPs are suggested to the readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-kuan Gong
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, PR China.
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37
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Non-viral gene therapy for neurological diseases, with an emphasis on targeted gene delivery. J Control Release 2012; 157:183-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 08/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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38
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Subcellular fate and off-target effects of siRNA, shRNA, and miRNA. Pharm Res 2011; 28:2996-3015. [PMID: 22033880 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-011-0608-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) strategies include double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), short hairpin RNA (shRNA), and microRNA (miRNA). As this is a highly specific technique, efforts have been made to utilize RNAi towards potential knock down of disease-causing genes in a targeted fashion. RNAi has the potential to selectively inhibit gene expression by degrading or blocking the translation of the target mRNA. However, delivering these RNAs to specific cells presents a significant challenge. Some of these challenges result from the necessity of traversing the circulatory system while avoiding kidney filtration, degradation by endonucleases, aggregation with serum proteins, and uptake by phagocytes. Further, non-specific delivery may result in side-effects, including the activation of immune response. We discuss the challenges in the systemic delivery to target cells, cellular uptake, endosomal release and intracellular transport of RNAi drugs and recent progress in overcoming these barriers. We also discuss approaches that increase the specificity and metabolic stability and reduce the off-target effects of RNAi strategy.
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A biodegradable amphiphilic and cationic triblock copolymer for the delivery of siRNA targeting the acid ceramidase gene for cancer therapy. Biomaterials 2011; 32:3124-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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40
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Gessner A, Thomas M, Garrido Castro P, Büchler L, Scholz A, Brümmendorf TH, Martinez Soria N, Vormoor J, Greil J, Heidenreich O. Leukemic fusion genes MLL/AF4 and AML1/MTG8 support leukemic self-renewal by controlling expression of the telomerase subunit TERT. Leukemia 2010; 24:1751-9. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2010.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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41
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Kügler M, Stein C, Kellner C, Mentz K, Saul D, Schwenkert M, Schubert I, Singer H, Oduncu F, Stockmeyer B, Mackensen A, Fey GH. A recombinant trispecific single-chain Fv derivative directed against CD123 and CD33 mediates effective elimination of acute myeloid leukaemia cells by dual targeting. Br J Haematol 2010; 150:574-86. [PMID: 20636437 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08300.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Two trivalent constructs consisting of single-chain Fv antibody fragments (scFvs) specific for the interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain (CD123), CD33 and the Fcgamma-receptor III (CD16) were designed and characterized for the elimination of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cells. The dual targeting single-chain Fv triplebody (sctb) [123 x ds16 x 33] and the mono targeting sctb [123 x ds16 x 123] both specifically bound their respective target antigens and were stable in human serum at 37 degrees C for at least 5 d. Both constructs induced potent antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of two different AML-derived CD33- and CD123 double-positive cell lines in the low picomolar range using isolated mononuclear cells (MNCs) as effector cells. In these experiments the dual targeting molecule produced significantly stronger lysis than the mono targeting agent. In addition, the sctbs showed a high potency in mediating ADCC of primary leukaemia cells isolated from peripheral blood or bone marrow of seven AML patients. Hence, these novel molecules displayed potent anti-leukaemic effects against AML cells in vitro and represent attractive candidates for further preclinical development.
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Pulford B, Reim N, Bell A, Veatch J, Forster G, Bender H, Meyerett C, Hafeman S, Michel B, Johnson T, Wyckoff AC, Miele G, Julius C, Kranich J, Schenkel A, Dow S, Zabel MD. Liposome-siRNA-peptide complexes cross the blood-brain barrier and significantly decrease PrP on neuronal cells and PrP in infected cell cultures. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11085. [PMID: 20559428 PMCID: PMC2885418 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2010] [Accepted: 05/20/2010] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent advances toward an effective therapy for prion diseases employ RNA interference to suppress PrPC expression and subsequent prion neuropathology, exploiting the phenomenon that disease severity and progression correlate with host PrPC expression levels. However, delivery of lentivirus encoding PrP shRNA has demonstrated only modest efficacy in vivo. Methodology/Principal Findings Here we describe a new siRNA delivery system incorporating a small peptide that binds siRNA and acetylcholine receptors (AchRs), acting as a molecular messenger for delivery to neurons, and cationic liposomes that protect siRNA-peptide complexes from serum degradation. Conclusions/Significance Liposome-siRNA-peptide complexes (LSPCs) delivered PrP siRNA specifically to AchR-expressing cells, suppressed PrPC expression and eliminated PrPRES formation in vitro. LSPCs injected intravenously into mice resisted serum degradation and delivered PrP siRNA throughout the brain to AchR and PrPC-expressing neurons. These data promote LSPCs as effective vehicles for delivery of PrP and other siRNAs specifically to neurons to treat prion and other neuropathological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce Pulford
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Natalia Reim
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Aimee Bell
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Jessica Veatch
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Genevieve Forster
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Heather Bender
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Crystal Meyerett
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Scott Hafeman
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Brady Michel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Theodore Johnson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - A. Christy Wyckoff
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Gino Miele
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Translational Medicine Research Collaboration, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Christian Julius
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Jan Kranich
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alan Schenkel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Steven Dow
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Mark D. Zabel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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