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Espuche B, Moya SE, Calderón M. Nanogels: Smart tools to enlarge the therapeutic window of gene therapy. Int J Pharm 2024; 653:123864. [PMID: 38309484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Gene therapy can potentially treat a great number of diseases, from cancer to rare genetic disorders. Very recently, the development and emergency approval of nucleic acid-based COVID-19 vaccines confirmed its strength and versatility. However, gene therapy encounters limitations due to the lack of suitable carriers to vectorize therapeutic genetic material inside target cells. Nanogels are highly hydrated nano-size crosslinked polymeric networks that have been used in many biomedical applications, from drug delivery to tissue engineering and diagnostics. Due to their easy production, tunability, and swelling properties they have called the attention as promising vectors for gene delivery. In this review, nanogels are discussed as vectors for nucleic acid delivery aiming to enlarge gene therapy's therapeutic window. Recent works highlighting the optimization of inherent transfection efficiency and biocompatibility are reviewed here. The importance of the monomer choice, along with the internal structure, surface decoration, and responsive features are outlined for the different transfection modalities. The possible sources of toxicological endpoints in nanogels are analyzed, and the strategies to limit them are compared. Finally, perspectives are discussed to identify the remining challenges for the nanogels before their translation to the market as transfection agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Espuche
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; POLYMAT, Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Sergio E Moya
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Marcelo Calderón
- POLYMAT, Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain.
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2
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Komatsu Y, Yoshitomi T, Doan VTH, Kurokawa H, Fujiwara S, Kawazoe N, Chen G, Matsui H. Locally Administered Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer Using Nano-Adhesive Photosensitizer. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2076. [PMID: 37631290 PMCID: PMC10459333 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a great potential anti-tumor therapy owing to its non-invasiveness and high spatiotemporal selectivity. However, systemically administered photosensitizers diffuse in the skin and the eyes for a long duration, which cause phototoxicity to bright light and sunlight. Therefore, following PDT, patients must avoid exposure of to light and sunlight to avoid this phototoxicity. In this study, we have developed a locally administered PDT using nano-adhesive porphyrin with polycations consisting of quaternary ammonium salt groups (aHP) as a photosensitizer. The aHP, approximately 3.0 nm in diameter, adhered the negatively charged cell membrane via electrostatic interaction. The aHP localized to the endosome via cell adhesion and induced apoptosis upon 635 nm light irradiation. On being administered subcutaneously on the tumor, 30% of the injected aHP remained in the administered sites. However, low-molecular-weight hematoporphyrin dihydrochloride (HP) disappeared due to rapid diffusion. PDT with locally administered aHP showed a higher anti-tumor effect after light irradiation at 635 nm for three days compared to low-molecular-weight HP. Intraperitoneal administration of HP caused severe phototoxicity upon irradiation with ultraviolet A at 10 J cm-2, whereas aHP did not cause phototoxicity because its diffusion into the skin could be suppressed, probably due to the high-molecular weight of aHP. Therefore, locally administered PDT with aHP is a potential PDT having high therapeutic efficacy without phototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Komatsu
- Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki, Japan; (Y.K.); (V.T.H.D.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (G.C.)
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan;
| | - Toru Yoshitomi
- Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki, Japan; (Y.K.); (V.T.H.D.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (G.C.)
| | - Van Thi Hong Doan
- Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki, Japan; (Y.K.); (V.T.H.D.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (G.C.)
| | - Hiromi Kurokawa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan;
| | - Saori Fujiwara
- Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki, Japan; (Y.K.); (V.T.H.D.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (G.C.)
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Naoki Kawazoe
- Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki, Japan; (Y.K.); (V.T.H.D.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (G.C.)
| | - Guoping Chen
- Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki, Japan; (Y.K.); (V.T.H.D.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (G.C.)
| | - Hirofumi Matsui
- Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan;
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A Simple Synthesis of Reduction-Responsive Acrylamide-Type Nanogels for miRNA Delivery. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020761. [PMID: 36677819 PMCID: PMC9861385 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have great therapeutic potential; however, their delivery still faces huge challenges, especially given the short half-life of naked miRNAs due to rapid hydrolysis or inactivation by abundant nucleases in the systemic circulation. Therefore, the search for reliable miRNA delivery systems is crucial. Nanogels are one of the more effective nanocarriers because they are biocompatible and have a high drug-loading capacity. In this study, acrylamide-based nanogels containing cationic groups and redox-sensitive crosslinkers were developed for cellular delivery of anti-miR21 (a-miR21). To achieve this, post-polymerization loading of a-miR21 oligonucleotides into nanogels was performed by utilizing the electrostatic interaction between positively charged nanogels and negatively charged oligonucleotides. Different molar ratios of the amine groups (N) on the cationic nanogel and phosphate groups (P) on the miRNA were investigated. An N/P ratio of 2 allowed high miRNA loading capacity (MLC, 6.7% w/w) and miRNA loading efficiency (MLE, 99.7% w/w). Successful miRNA loading was confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and electrophoretic light scattering (ELS) measurements. miRNA-loaded nanogels (NG/miRNA) formed stable dispersions in biological media and showed an enhanced miRNA release profile in the presence of glutathione (GSH). Moreover, the addition of heparin to dissociate the miRNA from the cationic nanogels resulted in the complete release of miRNA. Lastly, a cell uptake study indicated that NG/miRNA could be easily taken up by cancer cells.
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Long-Term Fluorescent Tissue Marking Using Tissue-Adhesive Porphyrin with Polycations Consisting of Quaternary Ammonium Salt Groups. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084218. [PMID: 35457034 PMCID: PMC9029083 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Localization of tumors during laparoscopic surgery is generally performed by locally injecting India ink into the submucosal layer of the gastrointestinal tract using endoscopy. However, the location of the tumor is obscured because of the black-stained surgical field and the blurring caused by India ink. To solve this problem, in this study, we developed a tissue-adhesive porphyrin with polycations consisting of quaternary ammonium salt groups. To evaluate the ability of tissue-adhesive porphyrin in vivo, low-molecular-weight hematoporphyrin and tissue-adhesive porphyrin were injected into the anterior wall of the exposed stomach in rats. Local injection of low-molecular-weight hematoporphyrin into the anterior wall of the stomach was not visible even after 1 day because of its rapid diffusion. In contrast, the red fluorescence of the tissue-adhesive porphyrin was visible even after 7 days due to the electrostatic interactions between the positively-charged moieties of the polycation in the tissue-adhesive porphyrin and the negatively-charged molecules in the tissue. In addition, intraperitoneal injection of tissue-adhesive porphyrin in rats did not cause adverse effects such as weight loss, hepatic or renal dysfunction, or organ adhesion in the abdominal cavity. These results indicate that tissue-adhesive porphyrin is a promising fluorescent tissue-marking agent.
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Yoshitomi T, Karita H, Mori-Moriyama N, Sato N, Yoshimoto K. Reduced cytotoxicity of polyethyleneimine by covalent modification of antioxidant and its application to microalgal transformation. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2021; 22:864-874. [PMID: 34658670 PMCID: PMC8519552 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2021.1978273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The conversion of carbon dioxide into valuable chemicals is an effective strategy for combating augmented concentrations of carbon dioxide in the environment. Microalgae photosynthetically produce valuable chemicals that are used as biofuels, sources for industrial materials, medicinal leads, and food additives. Thus, improvements in microalgal technology via genetic engineering may prove to be promising for the tailored production of novel metabolites. For the transformation of microalgae, nucleic acids such as plasmid DNA (pDNA) are delivered into the cells using physical and mechanical techniques, such as electroporation, bombardment with DNA-coated microprojectiles, and vortexing with glass beads. However, owing to the electrostatic repulsion between negatively charged cell walls and nucleic acids, the delivery of nucleic acids into the microalgal cells is challenging. To solve this issue, in this study, we investigated microalgal transformation via electroporation using polyplexes with linear polyethyleneimine (LPEI) and pDNA. However, the high toxicity of LPEI decreased the transformation efficiency in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells. We revealed that the toxicity of LPEI was due to oxidative stress resulting from the cellular uptake of LPEI. To suppress the toxicity of LPEI, an antioxidant, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO), was covalently conjugated with LPEI; the conjugate was named as TEMPO-LPEI. Interestingly, with a cellular uptake tendency similar to that of LPEI, TEMPO-LPEI dramatically decreased oxidative stress and cytotoxicity. Electroporation using polyplexes of TEMPO-LPEI and pDNA enhanced the transformation efficiency, compared to those treated with bare pDNA and polyplexes of LPEI/pDNA. This result indicates that polycations conjugated with antioxidants could be useful in facilitating microalgal transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Yoshitomi
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Haruka Karita
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsumi Mori-Moriyama
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Sato
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keitaro Yoshimoto
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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6
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Khudyaeva IS, Shevchenko OG, Belykh DV. New membranotropic cationic chlorins derived from pheophytin a: synthesis and evaluation of photodynamic activity. Russ Chem Bull 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-020-2827-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Mauri E, Veglianese P, Papa S, Rossetti A, De Paola M, Mariani A, Posel Z, Posocco P, Sacchetti A, Rossi F. Effects of primary amine-based coatings on microglia internalization of nanogels. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 185:110574. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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8
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Posel Z, Posocco P. Tuning the Properties of Nanogel Surfaces by Grafting Charged Alkylamine Brushes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1514. [PMID: 31652985 PMCID: PMC6915512 DOI: 10.3390/nano9111514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nanogels are chemically crosslinked polymeric nanoparticles endowed with high encapsulation ability, tunable size, ease of preparation, and responsiveness to external stimuli. The presence of specific functional groups on their surfaces provides an opportunity to tune their surface properties and direct their behavior. In this work, we used mesoscale modeling to describe conformational and mechanical properties of nanogel surfaces formed by crosslinked polyethylene glycol and polyethyleneimine, and grafted by charged alkylamine brushes of different lengths. Simulations show that both number of chains per area and chain length can be used to tune the properties of the coating. Properly selecting these two parameters allows switching from a hydrated, responsive coating to a dried, highly charged layer. The results also suggest that the scaling behavior of alkylamine brushes, e.g., the transition from a mushroom to semi-dilute brush, is only weakly coupled with the shielding ability of the coating and much more with its compressibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbyšek Posel
- Department of Informatics, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, 40096 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic.
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Paola Posocco
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
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Plasma-initiated polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide and functionalized with dopamine for the adhesion to Hela cells. Polym Bull (Berl) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-019-02784-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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10
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Cupic KI, Rennick JJ, Johnston APR, Such GK. Controlling endosomal escape using nanoparticle composition: current progress and future perspectives. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:215-223. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer nanoparticles offer significant benefits for improving delivery of biological therapeutics such as DNA and proteins, as they allow the cargo to be protected until it is delivered to a target cell. However, there are still challenges with achieving efficient delivery to the optimal cellular region. One significant roadblock is escape of nanoparticles from within the endosomal/lysosomal compartments into the cytosol. Here, we review the recent advances in understanding endosomal escape of polymer nanoparticles. We also discuss the current progress on investigating how nanoparticle structure can control endosomal escape. It is important to understand the fundamental biological processes that govern endosomal escape in order to design more effective therapeutic delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristofer I Cupic
- The School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Drug Delivery, Disposition & Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Joshua J Rennick
- Drug Delivery, Disposition & Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Angus PR Johnston
- Drug Delivery, Disposition & Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Georgina K Such
- The School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Smith SA, Selby LI, Johnston APR, Such GK. The Endosomal Escape of Nanoparticles: Toward More Efficient Cellular Delivery. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 30:263-272. [PMID: 30452233 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 362] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Many emerging therapies rely on the delivery of biological cargo into the cytosol. Nanoparticle delivery systems hold great potential to deliver these therapeutics but are hindered by entrapment and subsequent degradation in acidic compartments of the endo/lysosomal pathway. Engineering polymeric delivery systems that are able to escape the endosome has significant potential to address this issue. However, the development of safe and effective delivery systems that can reliably deliver cargo to the cytosol is still a challenge. Greater understanding of the properties that govern endosomal escape and how it can be quantified is important for the development of more efficient nanoparticle delivery systems. This Topical Review highlights the current understanding of the mechanisms by which nanoparticles escape the endosome, and the emerging techniques to improve the quantification of endosomal escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel A Smith
- The School of Chemistry , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria , Australia , 3010
| | - Laura I Selby
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Monash University , Parkville , Victoria , Australia , 3052
| | - Angus P R Johnston
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Monash University , Parkville , Victoria , Australia , 3052
| | - Georgina K Such
- The School of Chemistry , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria , Australia , 3010
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12
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13
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de Souza RHFV, Picola IPD, Shi Q, Petrônio MS, Benderdour M, Fernandes JC, Lima AMF, Martins GO, Martinez Junior AM, de Oliveira Tiera VA, Tiera MJ. Diethylaminoethyl- chitosan as an efficient carrier for siRNA delivery: Improving the condensation process and the nanoparticles properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 119:186-197. [PMID: 30031084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan has been indicated as a promising carrier for the preparation of small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery systems due to its remarkable properties. However, its weak interactions with siRNA molecules makes the condensation of siRNA molecules into nanoparticles difficult. In this work, a non-viral gene delivery system based on diethylaminoethyl chitosan (DEAE-CH) derivatives of varied Mw (25-230 kDa) having a low degree of substitution of 15% was investigated. The presence of secondary and tertiary amino groups strengthened the interaction of siRNA and DEAE-CH derivatives of higher Mw (130 kDa to 230 kDa) and provided the preparation of spherical nanoparticles at low charge ratios (N/P 2 to 3) with low polydispersities (0.15 to 0.2) in physiological ionic strength. Nanoparticles prepared with all derivatives exhibited remarkable silencing efficiencies (80% to 90%) on different cell lines (HeLa, MG-63, OV-3) by adjusting the charge ratios. A selected PEG-folic acid labeled derivative (FA-PEG-DEAE15-CH230) was synthesized and its nanoparticles completely inhibited the mRNA expression level of TNF-α in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The study demonstrates that the insertion of DEAE groups provides improved physical properties to chitosan-siRNA nanoparticles and holds potential for in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricchard Hallan Felix Viegas de Souza
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, IBILCE, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physics, IBILCE, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Orthopedic Research Laboratory, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Canada
| | - Isadora Pfeifer Dalla Picola
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, IBILCE, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physics, IBILCE, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Orthopedic Research Laboratory, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Canada
| | - Qin Shi
- Orthopedic Research Laboratory, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Canada
| | - Maicon Segalla Petrônio
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, IBILCE, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Orthopedic Research Laboratory, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Canada
| | - Mohamed Benderdour
- Orthopedic Research Laboratory, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Canada
| | - Júlio Cesar Fernandes
- Orthopedic Research Laboratory, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Canada.
| | - Aline Margarete Furuyama Lima
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, IBILCE, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Grazieli Olinda Martins
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, IBILCE, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Miguel Martinez Junior
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, IBILCE, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Aparecida de Oliveira Tiera
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, IBILCE, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcio José Tiera
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, IBILCE, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Ekkelenkamp AE, Elzes MR, Engbersen JFJ, Paulusse JMJ. Responsive crosslinked polymer nanogels for imaging and therapeutics delivery. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:210-235. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb02239e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nanogels are water-soluble crosslinked polymer networks with tremendous potential in targeted imaging and controlled drug and gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonie E. Ekkelenkamp
- Department of Biomolecular Nanotechnology
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- University of Twente
- Enschede
| | - M. Rachèl Elzes
- Department of Biomolecular Nanotechnology
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- University of Twente
- Enschede
| | - Johan F. J. Engbersen
- Department of Controlled Drug Delivery
- MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- University of Twente
- Enschede
| | - Jos M. J. Paulusse
- Department of Biomolecular Nanotechnology
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- University of Twente
- Enschede
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15
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Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for intracellular delivery. Biophys Rev 2017; 9:931-940. [PMID: 29178081 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-017-0341-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of different nanoparticles (NPs) has made a significant revolution in the field of medicine. Different NPs in the form of metallic NPs, dendrimers, polymeric NPs, carbon quantum dots and liposomes have been functionalized and used as platforms for intracellular delivery of biomolecules, drugs, imaging agents and nucleic acids. These NPs are designed to improve the pharmacokinetic properties of the drug, improve their bioavailability and successfully surpass physiological or pathological obstacles in the biological system so that therapeutic efficacy is achieved. In this review I present some of the current approaches used in intracellular delivery systems, with a focus on various stimuli-responsive nanocarriers, including cell-penetrating peptides, to highlight their various biomedical applications.
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Acharya R, Saha S, Ray S, Hazra S, Mitra MK, Chakraborty J. siRNA-nanoparticle conjugate in gene silencing: A future cure to deadly diseases? MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 76:1378-1400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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17
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Small nanosized poly(vinyl benzyl trimethylammonium chloride) based polyplexes for siRNA delivery. Int J Pharm 2017; 525:388-396. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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18
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Conzatti G, Cavalie S, Combes C, Torrisani J, Carrere N, Tourrette A. PNIPAM grafted surfaces through ATRP and RAFT polymerization: Chemistry and bioadhesion. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 151:143-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Shih Y, Venault A, Tayo LL, Chen SH, Higuchi A, Deratani A, Chinnathambi A, Alharbi SA, Quemener D, Chang Y. A Zwitterionic-Shielded Carrier with pH-Modulated Reversible Self-Assembly for Gene Transfection. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:1914-1926. [PMID: 28147481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cationic vectors are ideal candidates for gene delivery thanks to their capability to carry large gene inserts and their scalable production. However, their cationic density gives rise to high cytotoxicity. We present the proper designed core-shell polyplexes made of either poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) or poly(2-dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) as the core and zwitterionic poly(acrylic acid)-block-poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PAA-b-PSBMA) diblock copolymer as the shell. Gel retardation and ethidium bromide displacement assays were used to determine the PEI/DNA or PDMAEMA/DNA complexation. At neutral pH, the copolymer serves as a protective shell of the complex. As PSBMA is a nonfouling block, the shell reduced the cytotoxicity and enhanced the hemocompatibility (lower hemolysis activity, longer plasma clotting time) of the gene carriers. PAA segments in the copolymer impart pH sensitivity by allowing deshielding of the core in acidic solution. Therefore, the transfection efficiency of polyplexes at pH 6.5 was better than at pH 7.0, from β-galactosidase assay, and for all PAA-b-PSBMA tested. These results were supported by more favorable physicochemical properties in acidic solution (zeta potential, particle size, and interactions between the polymer and DNA). Thus, the results of this study offer a potential route to the development of efficient and nontoxic pH-sensitive gene carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuju Shih
- R&D Center for Membrane Technology and Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University , Chung-Li, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
| | - Antoine Venault
- R&D Center for Membrane Technology and Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University , Chung-Li, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
| | - Lemmuel L Tayo
- R&D Center for Membrane Technology and Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University , Chung-Li, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Mapúa Institute of Technology , Intramuros, Manila 1002, Philippines
| | - Sheng-Han Chen
- R&D Center for Membrane Technology and Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University , Chung-Li, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
| | - Akon Higuchi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University , Jhong-Li, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University , P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andre Deratani
- IEM (Institut Europeen des Membranes), UMR 5635 (CNRS-ENSCM-UM2), Universite Montpellier 2, Place E. Bataillon, F-34095, Montpellier, France
| | - Arunachalam Chinnathambi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University , P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University , P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Damien Quemener
- IEM (Institut Europeen des Membranes), UMR 5635 (CNRS-ENSCM-UM2), Universite Montpellier 2, Place E. Bataillon, F-34095, Montpellier, France
| | - Yung Chang
- R&D Center for Membrane Technology and Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University , Chung-Li, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University , P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Iwasaki Y, Kondo JI, Kuzuya A, Moriyama R. Crosslinked duplex DNA nanogels that target specified proteins. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2016; 17:285-292. [PMID: 27877881 PMCID: PMC5101909 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2016.1189798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Specific detection of protein biomarkers plays an important role in diagnostics and therapeutics. We have fabricated polymeric nanogels, which can specifically interact with the cancer biomarker thrombin to serve as a model. Two types of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) copolymers bearing a thrombin-binding oligonucleotide aptamer and its complementary chain were independently synthesized by redox-initiated radical polymerization. These MPC polymers associate in a complimentary fashion due to double strand formation of the oligonucleotides in aqueous media, leading to the spontaneous formation of spherical nanogels. Nanogel formation was confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmittance microscopy. The average size of nanogel particles was 124 ± 2 nm and the nanogels were mono-dispersed (polydispersity index 0.21). Functional intercalators could be stably incorporated into nanogels through the physical interaction between the intercalators and the oligonucleotides. The ethidium bromide (EtBr)-incorporating nanogels were used as detectors for thrombin. The fluorescence intensity of solutions containing the EtBr-incorporating nanogels was decreased with an increase in the concentration of thrombin. The transformation of quadruplex-thrombin structure from complementary double-stranded structures resulted in the decrease in fluorescence intensity. In contrast, the intensity did not change when the nanogels were incubated with albumin. Thrombin is only one such model used to demonstrate this technique; oligonucleotide aptamers can be freely designed to interact with versatile bio-substances. Therefore, aptamer-crosslinked nanogels can be appropriate nanomaterials for disease diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Iwasaki
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering; Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Kondo
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering; Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akinori Kuzuya
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering; Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Rui Moriyama
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering; Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan
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21
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Aguirre G, Ramos J, Forcada J. Advanced design of t and pH dual-responsive PDEAEMA-PVCL core-shell nanogels for siRNA delivery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Garbiñe Aguirre
- POLYMAT, Bionanoparticles Group, Department of Applied Chemistry, UFI 11/56, Faculty of Chemistry; University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU; Apdo. 1072 Donostia-San Sebastián 20080 Spain
| | - Jose Ramos
- POLYMAT, Bionanoparticles Group, Department of Applied Chemistry, UFI 11/56, Faculty of Chemistry; University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU; Apdo. 1072 Donostia-San Sebastián 20080 Spain
| | - Jacqueline Forcada
- POLYMAT, Bionanoparticles Group, Department of Applied Chemistry, UFI 11/56, Faculty of Chemistry; University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU; Apdo. 1072 Donostia-San Sebastián 20080 Spain
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22
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Aguirre G, Villar-Alvarez E, González A, Ramos J, Taboada P, Forcada J. Biocompatible stimuli-responsive nanogels for controlled antitumor drug delivery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Garbiñe Aguirre
- POLYMAT, Bionanoparticles Group, Department of Applied Chemistry, UFI 11/56, Faculty of Chemistry; University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU; Apdo. 1072 Donostia-San Sebastián 20080 Spain
| | - Eva Villar-Alvarez
- Condensed Matter Physics Department, Faculty of Physics, 15782 Campus Sur; Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Adrián González
- Condensed Matter Physics Department, Faculty of Physics, 15782 Campus Sur; Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Jose Ramos
- POLYMAT, Bionanoparticles Group, Department of Applied Chemistry, UFI 11/56, Faculty of Chemistry; University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU; Apdo. 1072 Donostia-San Sebastián 20080 Spain
| | - Pablo Taboada
- Condensed Matter Physics Department, Faculty of Physics, 15782 Campus Sur; Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Jacqueline Forcada
- POLYMAT, Bionanoparticles Group, Department of Applied Chemistry, UFI 11/56, Faculty of Chemistry; University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU; Apdo. 1072 Donostia-San Sebastián 20080 Spain
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23
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Zhang H, Li Q, Zhang Y, Xia Y, Yun L, Zhang Q, Zhang T, Chen X, Chen H, Li W. A nanogel with passive targeting function and adjustable polyplex surface properties for efficient anti-tumor gene therapy. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13707e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A dual responsive nanogel with tuneable polyplex properties was finely prepared. Its highin vivo/vitrogene transfection ability and passive cellular targeting function strongly promoted intratumor accumulation and tumor inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhou Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University
- Jinan 250021
- China
| | - Qingbao Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University
- Jinan 250021
- China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- International Joint Cancer Institute
- The Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai 200433
- PR China
| | - Yu Xia
- International Joint Cancer Institute
- The Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai 200433
- PR China
| | - Liang Yun
- Dalian Institute for Drug Control
- City of Dalian
- China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University
- Jinan 250021
- China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University
- Jinan 250021
- China
| | - Xia Chen
- International Joint Cancer Institute
- The Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai 200433
- PR China
| | - Huaiwen Chen
- International Joint Cancer Institute
- The Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai 200433
- PR China
| | - Wei Li
- International Joint Cancer Institute
- The Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai 200433
- PR China
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24
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New progress and prospects: The application of nanogel in drug delivery. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 60:560-568. [PMID: 26706564 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanogel has attracted considerable attention as one of the most versatile drug delivery systems especially for site-specific and/or time-controlled delivery of bioactive agents owing to their combining features of hydrogel and nanoparticle. Physically synthesized nanogels can offer a platform to encapsulate various types of bioactive compounds, particularly hydrophobic drugs and biomacromolecules, but they have poor mechanical stability, whereas nanogels prepared by chemical cross-link have a wider application and larger flexibility. As an ideal drug-delivery carrier, nanogel has excellent drug loading capacity, high stability, biologic consistence and response to a wide variety of environmental stimuli. Nowadays, targeting and response especially multi-response of the nanogel system for drug delivery have become an issue in research. And the application study of nanogels mainly focuses on antitumor agents and proteins. This review focuses on the formation of nanogels (physical and chemical cross-linking) and their release behavior. Recent application of nanogels is also discussed.
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25
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Miryala B, Feng Y, Omer A, Potta T, Rege K. Quaternization enhances the transgene expression efficacy of aminoglycoside-derived polymers. Int J Pharm 2015; 489:18-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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26
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Cavalieri F, Beretta GL, Cui J, Braunger JA, Yan Y, Richardson JJ, Tinelli S, Folini M, Zaffaroni N, Caruso F. Redox-Sensitive PEG–Polypeptide Nanoporous Particles for Survivin Silencing in Prostate Cancer Cells. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:2168-78. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cavalieri
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della ricerca scientifica 1, 00173 Roma, Italy
| | - Giovanni L. Beretta
- Department
of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via G. Amadeo, 42-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Jiwei Cui
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Julia A. Braunger
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yan Yan
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Joseph J. Richardson
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Stella Tinelli
- Department
of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via G. Amadeo, 42-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Folini
- Department
of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via G. Amadeo, 42-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Department
of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via G. Amadeo, 42-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Frank Caruso
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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27
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Cationic Polyrotaxanes as a Feasible Framework for the Intracellular Delivery and Sustainable Activity of Anionic Enzymes: A Comparison Study with Methacrylate-Based Polycations. Macromol Biosci 2015; 15:1134-45. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201500083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Sharma A, Garg T, Aman A, Panchal K, Sharma R, Kumar S, Markandeywar T. Nanogel--an advanced drug delivery tool: Current and future. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 44:165-77. [PMID: 25053442 DOI: 10.3109/21691401.2014.930745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanogels are robust nanoparticles that could be used to deliver active drug compounds in controlled drug delivery applications. Nanogels drug delivery system is more effective and safer for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs due to their chemical composition and formulations that are inappropriate for other formulations. Nanogels have enabled enlargement of functionalized nanoparticles, which act as a drug carriers that can be loaded with drugs and other active material to be released in a controlled manner at specific site. This review aims at providing general introduction on nanogels, recent synthesis methodology and their novel application in different fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Sharma
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , ISF College of Pharmacy, Punjab Technical University , Moga , Punjab , India
| | - Tarun Garg
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , ISF College of Pharmacy, Punjab Technical University , Moga , Punjab , India
| | - Amrinder Aman
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , ISF College of Pharmacy, Punjab Technical University , Moga , Punjab , India
| | - Kushan Panchal
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , ISF College of Pharmacy, Punjab Technical University , Moga , Punjab , India
| | - Rajiv Sharma
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , ISF College of Pharmacy, Punjab Technical University , Moga , Punjab , India
| | - Sahil Kumar
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , ISF College of Pharmacy, Punjab Technical University , Moga , Punjab , India
| | - Tanmay Markandeywar
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , ISF College of Pharmacy, Punjab Technical University , Moga , Punjab , India
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29
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Chen K, Xu J, Luft JC, Tian S, Raval JS, DeSimone JM. Design of asymmetric particles containing a charged interior and a neutral surface charge: comparative study on in vivo circulation of polyelectrolyte microgels. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:9947-52. [PMID: 24941029 PMCID: PMC4227716 DOI: 10.1021/ja503939n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Lowering
the modulus of hydrogel particles could enable them to
bypass in vivo physical barriers that would otherwise
filter particles with similar size but higher modulus. Incorporation
of electrolyte moieties into the polymer network of hydrogel particles
to increase the swelling ratio is a straightforward and quite efficient
way to decrease the modulus. In addition, charged groups in hydrogel
particles can also help secure cargoes. However, the distribution
of charged groups on the surface of a particle can accelerate the
clearance of particles. Herein, we developed a method to synthesize
highly swollen microgels of precise size with near-neutral surface
charge while retaining interior charged groups. A strategy was employed
to enable a particle to be highly cross-linked with very small mesh
size, and subsequently PEGylated to quench the exterior amines only
without affecting the internal amines. Acidic degradation of the cross-linker
allows for swelling of the particles to microgels with a desired size
and deformability. The microgels fabricated demonstrated extended
circulation in vivo compared to their counterparts
with a charged surface, and could potentially be utilized in in vivo applications including as oxygen carriers or nucleic
acid scavengers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, §Institute for Nanomedicine, ∥School of Pharmacy, ⊥Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, #Institute for Advanced Materials, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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30
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Radiosensitization of tumor cells through endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by PEGylated nanogel containing gold nanoparticles. Cancer Lett 2014; 347:151-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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Tomita S, Soejima T, Shiraki K, Yoshimoto K. Enzymatic fingerprinting of structurally similar homologous proteins using polyion complex library constructed by tuning PEGylated polyamine functionalities. Analyst 2014; 139:6100-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an01398k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Structurally similar homologous albumins were fingerprinted and discriminated by a sensor array consisting of a polyion complex library with artificial differentiation constructed by facile tuning of PEGylated polyamine functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Tomita
- Department of Life Sciences
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Meguro, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Soejima
- College of Arts and Sciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Meguro, Japan
| | - Kentaro Shiraki
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences
- University of Tsukuba
- Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Keitaro Yoshimoto
- Department of Life Sciences
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Meguro, Japan
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32
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Ikeda Y, Nagasaki Y. Impacts of PEGylation on the gene and oligonucleotide delivery system. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Ikeda
- Department of Materials Sciences; Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba; Ibaraki 305-8573 Japan
| | - Yukio Nagasaki
- Department of Materials Sciences; Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba; Ibaraki 305-8573 Japan
- Master's School of Medical Sciences; Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba; Ibaraki 305-8573 Japan
- Satellite Laboratory; International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute of Materials Science (NIMS); Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8573 Japan
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33
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Sankar RM, Seeni Meera KM, Samanta D, Jithendra P, Mandal AB, Jaisankar SN. The pH-sensitive polyampholyte nanogels: Inclusion of carbon nanotubes for improved drug loading. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 112:120-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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34
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Song CC, Su CC, Cheng J, Du FS, Liang DH, Li ZC. Toward Tertiary Amine-Modulated Acid-Triggered Hydrolysis of Copolymers Containing Pendent Ortho Ester Groups. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma301964n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Cheng Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,
Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Cui-Cui Su
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,
Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,
Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Fu-Sheng Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,
Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic
of China
| | - De-Hai Liang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,
Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Zi-Chen Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,
Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic
of China
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35
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Tamura A, Yui N. Cellular internalization and gene silencing of siRNA polyplexes by cytocleavable cationic polyrotaxanes with tailored rigid backbones. Biomaterials 2013; 34:2480-91. [PMID: 23332177 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
To achieve successful delivery of siRNA therapeutics, cytocleavable cationic polyrotaxanes (PRXs) composed of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (DMAE) group-modified α-cyclodextrins (CDs) that were threaded onto a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) axis and capped with a bulky stopper using cytocleavable disulfide linkages (DMAE-PRX) were utilized as an siRNA carrier. DMAE-PRXs with various numbers of threading CDs and modified DMAE groups were synthesized, and the physicochemical properties, cellular internalization, and gene silencing activity of DMAE-PRX/siRNA were investigated to elucidate the relationship between its supramolecular structure and its function. When the numbers of modified DMAE groups were increased, the DMAE-PRXs formed closely associated polyplexes with siRNA and increased their polyanion exchange resistance. Additionally, the DMAE-PRXs with 52 threading CDs (52CD-PRXs) showed greater binding capabilities with siRNA and greater resistance to polyanion competition than 31CD-PRXs, indicating that the highly CD-threaded PRX structure in the 52CD-PRXs is superior in forming stable polyplexes with siRNA. Indeed, 52CD-PRX/siRNA showed greater intracellular uptake of siRNA than 31CD-PRX/siRNA with comparable numbers of DMAE groups. 52CD-PRX/siRNA successfully induced gene silencing of a targeted luciferase expressed in human cervical carcinoma without marked cytotoxicity and non-specific gene silencing. Although the gene silencing activities of DMAE-PRX/siRNA were comparable to those of linear poly(ethylenimine) (L-PEI), L-PEI showed cytotoxicity and non-specific gene silencing. Additionally, DMAE-PRXs with cytocleavable capabilities were found to enhance gene silencing, in comparison with non-cleavable DMAE-PRX. Thus, the cytocleavable cationic PRXs are suggested to be attractive supermolecules for the delivery of therapeutic siRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tamura
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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36
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Ahmed M, Wattanaarsakit P, Narain R. Cationic glyco-nanogels for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) specific siRNA delivery in ovarian cancer cells. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00425b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Liang Z, Wu X, Yang YW, Li C, Wu G, Gao H. Quaternized amino poly(glycerol-methacrylate)s for enhanced pDNA delivery. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00210a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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38
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Tamura A, Yui N. A supramolecular endosomal escape approach for enhancing gene silencing of siRNA using acid-degradable cationic polyrotaxanes. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:3535-3544. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20514b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Chen CK, Law WC, Aalinkeel R, Nair B, Kopwitthaya A, Mahajan SD, Reynolds JL, Zou J, Schwartz SA, Prasad PN, Cheng C. Well-defined degradable cationic polylactide as nanocarrier for the delivery of siRNA to silence angiogenesis in prostate cancer. Adv Healthc Mater 2012; 1:751-61. [PMID: 23184827 PMCID: PMC3634581 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201200094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Well-defined tertiary amine-functionalized cationic polylactides (CPLAs) are synthesized by thiol-ene click functionalization of an allyl-functionalized polylactide, and utilized for the delivery of interleukin-8 (IL-8) siRNA via CPLA-IL-8 siRNA nanoplexes. The CPLAs possess remarkable hydrolytic degradability, and their cytotoxicity is relatively low. The CPLA-IL-8 siRNA nanoplexes can be readily taken up by prostate cancer cells, resulting in significant IL-8 gene silencing. It is found that the degradability and cytotoxicity of CPLAs, as well as the transfection efficiency of the CPLA-IL-8 siRNA nanoplexes, positively correlate with the amine mol% of CPLAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Kuang Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Wing-Cheung Law
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Ravikumar Aalinkeel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo General Hospital, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Bindukumar Nair
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo General Hospital, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Atcha Kopwitthaya
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Supriya D. Mahajan
- Department of Medicine Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo General Hospital, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Jessica L. Reynolds
- Department of Medicine Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo General Hospital, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Jiong Zou
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Stanley A. Schwartz
- Department of Medicine Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo General Hospital Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Paras N. Prasad
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Chong Cheng
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
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Cui L, Cohen JL, Chu CK, Wich PR, Kierstead PH, Fréchet JMJ. Conjugation Chemistry through Acetals toward a Dextran-Based Delivery System for Controlled Release of siRNA. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:15840-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ja305552u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Cui
- College of
Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley,
California 94720-1460, United States
| | - Jessica L. Cohen
- College of
Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley,
California 94720-1460, United States
| | - Crystal K. Chu
- College of
Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley,
California 94720-1460, United States
| | - Peter R. Wich
- College of
Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley,
California 94720-1460, United States
| | - Paul H. Kierstead
- College of
Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley,
California 94720-1460, United States
| | - Jean M. J. Fréchet
- College of
Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley,
California 94720-1460, United States
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Bldg 16, Suite 4428, Thuwal, 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
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Wu ZW, Chien CT, Liu CY, Yan JY, Lin SY. Recent progress in copolymer-mediated siRNA delivery. J Drug Target 2012; 20:551-60. [DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2012.699057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Tamura A, Nishi M, Kobayashi J, Nagase K, Yajima H, Yamato M, Okano T. Simultaneous Enhancement of Cell Proliferation and Thermally Induced Harvest Efficiency Based on Temperature-Responsive Cationic Copolymer-Grafted Microcarriers. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:1765-73. [DOI: 10.1021/bm300256e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tamura
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical
Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women’s Medical University (TWIns), and Global Center of Excellence
(COE), 8-1 Kawadacho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Masanori Nishi
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical
Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women’s Medical University (TWIns), and Global Center of Excellence
(COE), 8-1 Kawadacho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 12-1 Funagawara-cho, Ichigaya,
Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0826, Japan
| | - Jun Kobayashi
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical
Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women’s Medical University (TWIns), and Global Center of Excellence
(COE), 8-1 Kawadacho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Kenichi Nagase
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical
Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women’s Medical University (TWIns), and Global Center of Excellence
(COE), 8-1 Kawadacho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yajima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 12-1 Funagawara-cho, Ichigaya,
Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0826, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamato
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical
Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women’s Medical University (TWIns), and Global Center of Excellence
(COE), 8-1 Kawadacho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Teruo Okano
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical
Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women’s Medical University (TWIns), and Global Center of Excellence
(COE), 8-1 Kawadacho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
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Nuhn L, Hirsch M, Krieg B, Koynov K, Fischer K, Schmidt M, Helm M, Zentel R. Cationic nanohydrogel particles as potential siRNA carriers for cellular delivery. ACS NANO 2012; 6:2198-214. [PMID: 22381078 DOI: 10.1021/nn204116u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Oligonucleotides such as short, double-stranded RNA (siRNA) or plasmid DNA (pDNA) promise high potential in gene therapy. For pharmaceutical application, however, adequate drug carriers are required. Among various concepts progressing in the market or final development, nanosized hydrogel particles may serve as novel transport media especially for siRNA. In this work, a new concept of synthesizing polymeric cationic nanohydrogels was developed, which offers a promising strategy to complex and transport siRNA into cells. For this purpose, amphiphilic reactive ester block copolymers were synthesized by RAFT polymerization of pentafluorophenyl methacrylate as reactive ester monomer together with tri(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate. In polar aprotic solvents, a self-assembly of these polymers could be observed leading to the formation of nanometer-sized polymer aggregates. The resulting superstructures were used to convert the reactive precursor block copolymers with amine-containing cross-linker molecules into covalently stabilized hydrogel particles. Detailed dynamic light scattering studies showed that the structure of the self-assembled aggregates can permanently be locked-in by this process. This method offers a new possibility to synthesize precise nanohydrogels of different size starting from various block copolymers. Moreover, via reactive ester approach, further functionalities could be attached to the nanoparticle, such as fluorescent dyes, which allowed distinct tracing of the hydrogels during complexation with siRNA or cell uptake experiments. In this respect, cellular uptake of the particles themselves as well as with its payload could be detected successfully. Looking ahead, these novel cationic nanohydrogel particles may serve as a new platform for proper siRNA delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Nuhn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Staudingerweg 5, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
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Kurinomaru T, Tomita S, Kudo S, Ganguli S, Nagasaki Y, Shiraki K. Improved complementary polymer pair system: switching for enzyme activity by PEGylated polymers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:4334-4338. [PMID: 22320263 DOI: 10.1021/la2043312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The development of technology for on/off switching of enzyme activity is expected to expand the applications of enzyme in a wide range of research fields. We have previously developed a complementary polymer pair system (CPPS) that enables the activity of several enzymes to be controlled by a pair of oppositely charged polymers. However, it failed to control the activity of large and unstable α-amylase because the aggregation of the complex between anionic α-amylase and cationic poly(allylamine) (PAA) induced irreversible denaturation of the enzyme. To address this issue, we herein designed and synthesized a cationic copolymer with a poly(ethylene glycol) backbone, poly(N,N-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEAMA-b-PEG). In contrast to PAA, α-amylase and β-galactosidase were inactivated by PEAMA-b-PEG with the formation of soluble complexes. The enzyme/PEAMA-b-PEG complexes were then successfully recovered from the complex by the addition of anionic poly(acrylic acid) (PAAc). Thus, dispersion of the complex by PEG segment in PEAMA-b-PEG clearly plays a crucial role for regulating the activities of these enzymes, suggesting that PEGylated charged polymer is a new candidate for CPPS for large and unstable enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Kurinomaru
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Tamura G, Shinohara Y, Tamura A, Sanada Y, Oishi M, Akiba I, Nagasaki Y, Sakurai K, Amemiya Y. Dependence of the swelling behavior of a pH-responsive PEG-modified nanogel on the cross-link density. Polym J 2011. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2011.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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47
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Abstract
This review will cover the current strategies that are being adopted to efficiently deliver small interfering RNA using nonviral vectors, including the use of polymers such as polyethylenimine, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), polypeptides, chitosan, cyclodextrin, dendrimers, and polymers-containing different nanoparticles. The article will provide a brief and concise account of underlying principle of these polymeric vectors and their structural and functional modifications which were intended to serve different purposes to affect efficient therapeutic outcome of small-interfering RNA delivery. The modifications of these polymeric vectors will be discussed with reference to stimuli-responsiveness, target specific delivery, and incorporation of nanoconstructs such as carbon nanotubes, gold nanoparticles, and silica nanoparticles. The emergence of small-interfering RNA as the potential therapeutic agent and its mode of action will also be mentioned in a nutshell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Singha
- Department of Chemistry, BK School of Molecular Science, Polymer Research Institute, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
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48
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In vitro and in vivo characteristics of core-shell type nanogel particles: optimization of core cross-linking density and surface poly(ethylene glycol) density in PEGylated nanogels. Acta Biomater 2011; 7:3354-61. [PMID: 21664304 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2011] [Revised: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The biocompatibility and body distribution of PEGylated polyamine nanogels composed of chemically cross-linked poly(2-N,N-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PEAMA) gel cores surrounded by poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains were investigated to evaluate their feasibility as drug nanocarriers for systemic administration. PEGylated nanogels with different cross-linking densities (1, 2, and 5mol.%) were prepared to evaluate their biocompatibilities by in vitro cytotoxicity assay, hemolysis assay, and in vivo acute toxicity assay. The toxic effect of the PEGylated nanogels derived from polyamine gel cores was significantly reduced when the cross-linking density was increased, and those with a cross-linking density of 5mol.% showed a remarkably high median lethal dose (LD(50)) value >200mgkg(-1),despite the abundance of amino groups in the core. One hour after intravenous injection the PEGylated nanogels were found to have been eliminated from the systemic circulation, and less than 1% of the injected dose (ID) remained in the bloodstream. To improve the blood circulation time by increasing the surface PEG density of the PEGylated nanogels post-PEGylation of the PEGylated nanogels (via the Menschutkin reaction between tertiary amines of the PEAMA gel core and bromobenzyl-terminated short PEG) was carried out. A biodistribution study of these post-PEGylated nanogels revealed that the blood circulation time of the nanogels was definitely prolonged as the PEG content was increased. Therefore, the precise design of PEGylated nanogels with increased cross-linking densities in their polyamine gel cores and increased surface PEG densities seems promising for systemic applications.
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50
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Jeong JH, Park TG, Kim SH. Self-assembled and nanostructured siRNA delivery systems. Pharm Res 2011; 28:2072-85. [PMID: 21424157 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-011-0412-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2011] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A wide range of organic and inorganic materials have been used in the development of nano-scale self-assembling gene delivery systems to improve the therapeutic efficacy of nucleic acid drugs. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) has recently been recognized as a promising and potent nucleic acid medicine for the treatment of incurable genetic disorders including cancer; however, siRNA-based therapeutics suffer from the same delivery problems as conventional nucleic acid drugs such as plasmid DNA and antisense oligonucleotides. Many of the delivery strategies developed for nucleic acid drugs have been applied to siRNA therapeutics, but they have not produced satisfactory in vivo gene silencing efficiencies to warrant clinical trials. This review discusses recent progress in the development of self-assembled and nanostructured delivery systems for efficient siRNA-induced gene silencing and their potential application in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Jeong
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea
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