1
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Zhai X, Peng S, Zhai C, Wang S, Xie M, Guo S, Bai J. Design of Nanodrug Delivery Systems for Tumor Bone Metastasis. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:1136-1148. [PMID: 38551047 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128296883240320040636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is a complex process that is controlled at the molecular level by numerous cytokines. Primary breast and prostate tumors most commonly metastasize to bone, and the development of increasingly accurate targeted nanocarrier systems has become a research focus for more effective anti-bone metastasis therapy. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms of bone metastasis and the principles and methods for designing bone-targeted nanocarriers and then provides an in-depth review of bone-targeted nanocarriers for the treatment of bone metastasis in the context of chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, gene therapy, and combination therapy. Furthermore, this review also discusses the treatment of metastatic and primary bone tumors, providing directions for the design of nanodelivery systems and future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Zhai
- School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Shan Peng
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Chunyuan Zhai
- School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- People's Hospital of Gaoqing County, Zibo 256399, China
| | - Meina Xie
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Shoudong Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Jingkun Bai
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
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2
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Takematsu E, Murphy M, Hou S, Steininger H, Alam A, Ambrosi TH, Chan CKF. Optimizing Delivery of Therapeutic Growth Factors for Bone and Cartilage Regeneration. Gels 2023; 9:gels9050377. [PMID: 37232969 DOI: 10.3390/gels9050377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone- and cartilage-related diseases, such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, affect millions of people worldwide, impairing their quality of life and increasing mortality. Osteoporosis significantly increases the bone fracture risk of the spine, hip, and wrist. For successful fracture treatment and to facilitate proper healing in the most complicated cases, one of the most promising methods is to deliver a therapeutic protein to accelerate bone regeneration. Similarly, in the setting of osteoarthritis, where degraded cartilage does not regenerate, therapeutic proteins hold great promise to promote new cartilage formation. For both osteoporosis and osteoarthritis treatments, targeted delivery of therapeutic growth factors, with the aid of hydrogels, to bone and cartilage is a key to advance the field of regenerative medicine. In this review article, we propose five important aspects of therapeutic growth factor delivery for bone and cartilage regeneration: (1) protection of protein growth factors from physical and enzymatic degradation, (2) targeted growth factor delivery, (3) controlling GF release kinetics, (4) long-term stability of regenerated tissues, and (5) osteoimmunomodulatory effects of therapeutic growth factors and carriers/scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Takematsu
- Department of Surgery, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew Murphy
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PR, UK
| | - Sophia Hou
- Department of Surgery, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Holly Steininger
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Alina Alam
- Department of Surgery, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Thomas H Ambrosi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, CA 95817, USA
| | - Charles K F Chan
- Department of Surgery, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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3
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Hu B, Zhang Y, Zhang G, Li Z, Jing Y, Yao J, Sun S. Research progress of bone-targeted drug delivery system on metastatic bone tumors. J Control Release 2022; 350:377-388. [PMID: 36007681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Bone metastases are common in malignant tumors and the effect of conventional treatment is limited. How to effectively inhibit tumor bone metastasis and deliver the drug to the bone has become an urgent issue to be solved. While bone targeting drug delivery systems have obvious advantages in the treatment of bone tumors. The research on bone-targeted anti-tumor therapy has made significant progress in recent years. We introduced the related tumor pathways of bone metastases. The tumor microenvironment plays an important role in metastatic bone tumors. We introduce a drug-loading systems based on different environment-responsive nanocomposites for anti-tumor and anti-metastatic research. According to the process of bone metastases and the structure of bone tissue, we summarized the information on bone-targeting molecules. Bisphosphate has become the first choice of bone-targeted drug delivery carrier because of its affinity with hydroxyapatite in bone. Therefore, we sought to summarize the bone-targeting molecule of bisphosphate to identify the modification effect on bone-targeting. And this paper discusses the relationship between bisphosphate bone targeting molecular structure and drug delivery carriers, to provide some new ideas for the research and development of bone-targeting drug delivery carriers. Targeted therapy will make a more outstanding contribution to the treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Hu
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Road, Shijiazhuang 050018, PR China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, 26 Yuxiang Road, Shijiazhuang 050018, PR China
| | - Yongkang Zhang
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Road, Shijiazhuang 050018, PR China
| | - Guogang Zhang
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Road, Shijiazhuang 050018, PR China
| | - Zhongqiu Li
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Road, Shijiazhuang 050018, PR China
| | - Yongshuai Jing
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Road, Shijiazhuang 050018, PR China
| | - Jun Yao
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Road, Shijiazhuang 050018, PR China.
| | - Shiguo Sun
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Road, Shijiazhuang 050018, PR China.
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4
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Bone-Targeted Delivery of Novokinin as an Alternative Treatment Option for Rheumatoid Arthritis. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081681. [PMID: 36015308 PMCID: PMC9416659 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory bone destructive disorder that is orchestrated by multiple systems in the body, including Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) and arachidonic acid (ArA) pathway. Current therapeutic options are not highly effective and are associated with severe side effects, including cardiovascular complications. Therefore, new safe and effective disease modulators are seriously needed. In this study, we investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of a synthetic peptide, novokinin, through Angiotensin Type (II) receptor (AT2R). Peptide drugs like novokinin suffer from plasma instability and short half-life. Thus, we developed a novel bone targeting novokinin conjugate (Novo Conj). It uses the bone as a reservoir for sustained release and protection from systemic degradation, improving stability and enhancing pharmacological efficacy. We tested Novo Conj’s anti-inflammatory effects in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rat model to prove our hypothesis by measuring various RAS and ArA pathway components. We observed that inflammation causes a significant imbalance in cardioprotective RAS components like ACE2, AT2R, and Ang 1-7 and increases the ArA inflammatory metabolites like hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs). Treatment with novokinin or Novo Conj restores balance in the RAS and favors the production of different epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), which are anti-inflammatory mediators. This study demonstrated that the bone-targeted delivery improved the stability and enhanced the anti-inflammatory effects of the parent peptide novokinin in AIA. These observations offer an efficacious alternative therapy for managing RA.
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5
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Yu P, Liu Y, Xie J, Li J. Spatiotemporally controlled calcitonin delivery: Long-term and targeted therapy of skeletal diseases. J Control Release 2021; 338:486-504. [PMID: 34481022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bone is a connective tissue that support the entire body and protect the internal organs. However, there are great challenges on curing intractable skeletal diseases such as hypercalcemia, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. To address these issues, calcitonin (CT) therapy is an effective treatment alternative to regulate calcium metabolism and suppress inflammation response, which are closely related to skeletal diseases. Traditional calcitonin formulation requires frequent administration due to the low bioavailability resulting from the short half-life and abundant calcitonin receptors distributed through the whole body. Therefore, long-term and targeted calcitonin delivery systems (LCDS and TCDS) have been widely explored as the popular strategies to overcome the intrinsic limitations of calcitonin and improve the functions of calcium management and inflammation inhibition in recent years. In this review, we first explain the physiological effects of calcitonin on bone remodeling: (i) inhibitory effects on osteoclasts and (ii) facilitated effects on osteoblasts. Then we summarized four strategies for spatiotemporally controlled delivery of calcitonin: micro-/nanomedicine (e.g. inorganic micro-/nanomedicine, polymeric micro-/nanomedicine and supramolecular assemblies), hydrogels (especially thermosensitive hydrogels), prodrug (PEGylation and targeting design) and hybrid biomaterials. Subsequently, we discussed the application of LCDS and TCDS in treating hypercalcemia, osteoporosis, and arthritis. Understanding and analyzing these advanced calcitonin delivery applications are essential for future development of calcitonin therapies toward skeletal diseases with superior efficacy in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Yanpeng Liu
- Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311200, PR China
| | - Jing Xie
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China.
| | - Jianshu Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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6
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Gao X, Li L, Cai X, Huang Q, Xiao J, Cheng Y. Targeting nanoparticles for diagnosis and therapy of bone tumors: Opportunities and challenges. Biomaterials 2020; 265:120404. [PMID: 32987273 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A variety of targeted nanoparticles were developed for the diagnosis and therapy of orthotopic and metastatic bone tumors during the past decade. This critical review will focus on principles and methods in the design of these bone-targeted nanoparticles. Ligands including bisphosphonates, aspartic acid-rich peptides and synthetic polymers were grafted on nanoparticles such as PLGA nanoparticles, liposomes, dendrimers and inorganic nanoparticles for bone targeting. Besides, other ligands such as monoclonal antibodies, peptides and aptamers targeting biomarkers on tumor/bone cells were identified for targeted diagnosis and therapy. Examples of targeted nanoparticles for the early detection of bone metastatic tumors and the ablation of cancer via chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, gene therapy and combination therapy will be intensively reviewed. The development of multifunctional nanoparticles to break down the "vicious" cycle between tumor cell proliferation and bone resorption, and the challenges and perspectives in this area will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gao
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, 200241, Shanghai, China; Department of Orthopedics Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Lin Li
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, 200241, Shanghai, China; Department of Orthopedics Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Xiaopan Cai
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, 200241, Shanghai, China; Department of Orthopedics Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Quan Huang
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, 200241, Shanghai, China; Department of Orthopedics Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China.
| | - Jianru Xiao
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, 200241, Shanghai, China; Department of Orthopedics Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China.
| | - Yiyun Cheng
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, 200241, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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7
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Katsumi H, Yamashita S, Morishita M, Yamamoto A. Bone-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems and Strategies for Treatment of Bone Metastasis. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2020; 68:560-566. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c20-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shugo Yamashita
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | | | - Akira Yamamoto
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
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8
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Kotak DJ, Devarajan PV. Bone targeted delivery of salmon calcitonin hydroxyapatite nanoparticles for sublingual osteoporosis therapy (SLOT). NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 24:102153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Wang Z, Fu M, Wang Y, Meng Q, Guan Y, Zhang Y. Injectable Carrier for Zero-Order Release of Salmon Calcitonin. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 6:485-493. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zuwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Mian Fu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yuanpeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qingbin Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ying Guan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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10
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Hexapeptide-conjugated calcitonin for targeted therapy of osteoporosis. J Control Release 2019; 304:39-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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11
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Xie Y, Liu C, Huang H, Huang J, Deng A, Zou P, Tan X. Bone-targeted delivery of simvastatin-loaded PEG-PLGA micelles conjugated with tetracycline for osteoporosis treatment. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2018; 8:1090-1102. [PMID: 30027372 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-018-0561-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the improved therapeutic efficacy and pharmacokinetic profiles of simvastatin (SIM) with imparted bone targeting potential using tetracycline-mediated PEG-PLGA (TC-PEG-PLGA) micelles in osteoporotic rats. The SIM-loaded TC-PEG-PLGA (TC-PEG-PLGA/SIM) micelles were evaluated for particle size, morphology, stability, loading efficiency, cell viability, bone mineral binding ability in vitro, mineralization, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. TC-PEG-PLGA conjugates were successfully and could self-assembly form micelles in aqueous medium with a 19.4 μg/mL critical micelle concentration. Then, TC-PEG-PLGA/SIM micelles were prepared with solvent diffusion method, and the obtained micelles (56.21 ± 7.39 nm average size; 81.8 ± 3.1% encapsulation efficiency; and 7.56 ± 0.27% drug loading) led to the prolonged release of SIM from micelles. Cellular uptake test indicated that TC had no effects on micellar internalization and micellar internalization was mainly involved with clathrin-mediated endocytic pathway. In vivo pharmacokinetic results indicated that TC-PEG-PLGA/SIM micelles exhibited a significantly prolonged time in systemic circulation and were preferentially accumulated in bone tissue. TC-PEG-PLGA/SIM micelles showed better therapeutic effects, as reflected by the improved bone mineral density, bone mineral content, and bone mechanical strength. Overall, these results suggested that TC-PEG-PLGA/SIM micelles provide several advantages, including prolonged systemic circulation, enhanced bone tissue distribution, and improved therapeutic outcomes in osteoporotic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang, 529500, China
| | - Chenchen Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 16 Gusaoshu Road, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Hongwei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang, 529500, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang, 529500, China
| | - Aiping Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 16 Gusaoshu Road, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Ping Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 16 Gusaoshu Road, Wuhan, 430000, China.
| | - Xueying Tan
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315000, China.
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12
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Farrell KB, Karpeisky A, Thamm DH, Zinnen S. Bisphosphonate conjugation for bone specific drug targeting. Bone Rep 2018; 9:47-60. [PMID: 29992180 PMCID: PMC6037665 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bones provide essential functions and are sites of unique biochemistry and specialized cells, but can also be sites of disease. The treatment of bone disorders and neoplasia has presented difficulties in the past, and improved delivery of drugs to bone remains an important goal for achieving effective treatments. Drug targeting strategies have improved drug localization to bone by taking advantage of the high mineral concentration unique to the bone hydroxyapatite matrix, as well as tissue-specific cell types. The bisphosphonate molecule class binds specifically to hydroxyapatite and inhibits osteoclast resorption of bone, providing direct treatment for degenerative bone disorders, and as emerging evidence suggests, cancer. These bone-binding molecules also provide the opportunity to deliver other drugs specifically to bone by bisphosphonate conjugation. Bisphosphonate bone-targeted therapies have been successful in treatment of osteoporosis, primary and metastatic neoplasms of the bone, and other bone disorders, as well as refining bone imaging. In this review, we focus upon the use of bisphosphonate conjugates with antineoplastic agents, and overview bisphosphonate based imaging agents, nanoparticles, and other drugs. We also discuss linker design potential and the current state of bisphosphonate conjugate research progress. Ongoing investigations continue to expand the possibilities for bone-targeted therapeutics and for extending their reach into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen B Farrell
- MBC Pharma Inc., 12635 East Montview Blvd., Aurora, CO 80045-0100, United States of America
| | - Alexander Karpeisky
- MBC Pharma Inc., 12635 East Montview Blvd., Aurora, CO 80045-0100, United States of America
| | - Douglas H Thamm
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, 300 West Drake Road, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1620, United States of America
| | - Shawn Zinnen
- MBC Pharma Inc., 12635 East Montview Blvd., Aurora, CO 80045-0100, United States of America
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13
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Cawthray J, Wasan E, Wasan K. Bone-seeking agents for the treatment of bone disorders. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2018; 7:466-481. [PMID: 28589453 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-017-0394-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The targeting and delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic agents to bone tissue presents both a challenge and opportunity. Osteoporosis, Paget's disease, cancer, and bone metastases are all skeletal diseases whose treatment would benefit from new targeted therapeutic strategies. Osteoporosis, in particular, is a very prevalent disease, affecting over one in three women and one in five men in Canada alone with the cost to the healthcare system estimated at over $2.3 billion in 2010. Bone tissue is often considered a rigid structure when in reality there is a process of continuous remodeling that takes place via complex endocrine-regulated cell signaling pathways in addition to the signaling pathways unique to bone tissue. It is these specific boneremodeling processes that provide unique targeting opportunities but also present a number of challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Cawthray
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
| | - Ellen Wasan
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Kishor Wasan
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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14
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Yang Y, Aghazadeh-Habashi A, Panahifar A, Wu Y, Bhandari KH, Doschak MR. Bone-targeting parathyroid hormone conjugates outperform unmodified PTH in the anabolic treatment of osteoporosis in rats. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2018; 7:482-496. [PMID: 28721611 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-017-0407-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic parathyroid hormone (PTH) is clinically indicated for the treatment of osteoporosis, through its anabolic effects on parathyroid hormone receptors (PTHRs), located on osteoblast cells. However, the bioavailability of PTH for bone cells is restricted by the short half-life of PTH and the widespread distribution of PTHRs in non-skeletal tissues. To impart affinity for mineralized bone surfaces, bisphosphonate (BP)-mediated PTH analogues were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The successful synthesis of PTH-PEG-BP was identified on MALDI-ToF mass spectra; bone-targeting potential was evaluated by hydroxyapatite binding test; and receptor bioactivity was assessed in UMR-106 (rat osteosarcoma) cells that constitutively express PTHRs. Therapeutic efficacy was evaluated using ovariectomized rats that remained untreated for 8 weeks to allow development of osteopenia. Those rats then received daily subcutaneous injections of PTH-PEG-BP, thiol-BP vehicle, or unmodified PTH, and compared to sham-operated healthy rats at 0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks. In vivo micro-CT was conducted on the proximal tibial metaphysis to measure microstructural bone parameters, and new bone formation was detected using dynamic labeling. Bone strength was assessed using three-point bending mechanical testing. Our study determined that PTH-PEG-BP conjugates significantly enhanced PTH targeting to the bone matrix while retaining full PTH bioactivity. Moreover, PTH-PEG-BP conjugates significantly increased trabecular bone quality, anabolic bone formation, and improved bone strength over systemically administered PTH alone. We highlight the promise of a novel class of bone-targeting anabolic compound for the treatment of osteoporosis and related bone disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Pharmaceutical Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2N8, Canada
| | - Ali Aghazadeh-Habashi
- Pharmaceutical Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2N8, Canada
| | - Arash Panahifar
- Pharmaceutical Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2N8, Canada
| | - Yuchin Wu
- Pharmaceutical Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2N8, Canada
| | - Krishna H Bhandari
- Pharmaceutical Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2N8, Canada
| | - Michael R Doschak
- Pharmaceutical Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2N8, Canada.
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15
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Nguyen VT, Ko SC, Heo SJ, Kang DH, Oh C, Kim KN, Jeon YJ, Kim YM, Park WS, Choi IW, Park NG, Jung WK. Ciona intestinalis calcitonin-like peptide promotes osteoblast differentiation and mineralization through MAPK pathway in MC3T3-E1 cells. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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16
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Liu X, Wang Y, Yun P, Shen X, Su F, Chen Y, Li S, Song D. Self-assembled filomicelles prepared from polylactide-poly(ethylene glycol) diblock copolymers for sustained delivery of cycloprotoberberine derivatives. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 26:342-348. [PMID: 29556125 PMCID: PMC5856949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polylactide-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLA-PEG) block copolymers were synthesized by ring opening polymerization of l-lactide using a monomethoxy PEG (mPEG) as macroinitiator and zinc lactate as catalyst. The resulting diblock copolymers were characterized by 1H NMR and GPC. Polymeric micelles were prepared by self-assembly of copolymers in distilled water using co-solvent evaporation or membrane hydration methods. The resulting micelles are worm-like in shape as shown by TEM measurements. A hydrophobic anticancer drug, cycloprotoberberine derivative A35, was successfully loaded in PLA-PEG filomicelles with high encapsulation efficiency (above 88%). Berberine (BBR) was studied for comparison. In both methods, PLA-PEG filomicelles were prepared with a theoretical loading of 5%, 10% and 20%. Physical stability studies indicated that BBR/A35-loaded filomicelles were more stable when stored at 4 °C than at 25 °C. Compared with BBR-loaded filomicelles, A35-loaded filomicelles exhibited higher antitumor activity. Importantly, the in vitro cytotoxicity and stability of A35-loaded filomicelles evidenced the potential of drug-loaded filomicelles in the development of drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yanxiang Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Peng Yun
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xin Shen
- Institute of High Performance Polymers, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Feng Su
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.,Institute of High Performance Polymers, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yangsheng Chen
- Qingdao Chiatai Haier Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Qingdao 266103, China
| | - Suming Li
- Institut Europeen des Membranes, UMR CNRS 5635, Universite de Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Danqing Song
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Shi L, Zhang Y, Ossipov D. Enzymatic degradation of hyaluronan hydrogels with different capacity for in situ bio-mineralization. Biopolymers 2017; 109. [PMID: 29178472 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In situ cross-linked hyaluronan (HA) hydrogels with different capacities for biomineralization were prepared and their enzymatic degradation was monitored. Covalent incorporation of bisphosphonates (BPs) into HA hydrogel results in the increased stiffness of the hydrogel in comparison with the unmodified HA hydrogel of the same cross-linking density. The rate of enzymatic degradation of HABP hydrogel was significantly lower than the rate of degradation of control HA hydrogel in vitro. This effect is observed only in the presence of calcium ions that strongly bind to the matrix-anchored BP groups and promote further mineralization of the matrix. The degradation of the hydrogels was followed by noninvasive fluorescence measurements enabled after mild and chemoselective labeling of cross-linkable HA derivatives with a fluorescent tag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Shi
- Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Polymer Chemistry, Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, People's Republic of China
| | - Dmitri Ossipov
- Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Polymer Chemistry, Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Mitić Ž, Stolić A, Stojanović S, Najman S, Ignjatović N, Nikolić G, Trajanović M. Instrumental methods and techniques for structural and physicochemical characterization of biomaterials and bone tissue: A review. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.05.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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19
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Zhao YN, Xu X, Wen N, Song R, Meng Q, Guan Y, Cheng S, Cao D, Dong Y, Qie J, Liu K, Zhang Y. A Drug Carrier for Sustained Zero-Order Release of Peptide Therapeutics. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5524. [PMID: 28717204 PMCID: PMC5514143 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05898-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides have great potential as therapeutic agents, however, their clinic applications are severely hampered by their instability and short circulation half-life. Zero-order release carriers could not only extend the circulation lifetime of peptides, but also maintain the plasma drug level constant, and thus maximize their therapeutic efficacy and minimize their toxic effect. Here using PEGylated salmon calcitonin (PEG-sCT)/tannic acid (TA) film as an example, we demonstrated that hydrogen-bonded layer-by-layer films of a PEGylated peptide and a polyphenol could be a platform for zero-order peptide release. The films were fabricated under mild conditions. The second component, TA, is a natural product and presents potential therapeutic activities itself. Unlike common carriers, the new carrier releases the peptide via gradual disintegration of the film because of its dynamic nature. The release of PEG-sCT follows a perfect zero-order kinetics without initial burst release. In addition the release rate could be tuned via external stimuli, such as pH and temperature. When implanted in rats, the films could remain the plasma level of PEG-sCT constant over an extended period. Accordingly, the serum calcium level was reduced and maintained constant over the same period, suggesting an improved therapeutic efficacy of the released drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Na Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Rui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Qingbin Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Ying Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Siqi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Danni Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yansheng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jiankun Qie
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Keliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300071, China.
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20
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Xing JZ, Lu L, Unsworth LD, Major PW, Doschak MR, Kaipatur NR. RANKL release from self-assembling nanofiber hydrogels for inducing osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Acta Biomater 2017; 49:306-315. [PMID: 27940164 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a nanofiber hydrogel (NF-hydrogel) for sustained and controlled release of the recombinant receptor activator of NF-kB ligand; (RANKL) and to characterize the release kinetics and bioactivity of the released RANKL. METHODS Various concentrations of fluorescently-labelled RANKL protein were added to NF-hydrogels, composed of Acetyl-(Arg-Ala-Asp-Ala)4-CONH2 [(RADA)4] of different concentrations, to investigate the resulting in vitro release rates. The nano-structures of NF-hydrogel, with and without RANKL, were determined using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Released RANKL was further analyzed for changes in secondary and tertiary structure using CD spectroscopy and fluorescent emission spectroscopy, respectively. Bioactivity of released RANKL protein was determined using NFATc1 gene expression and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity of osteoclast cells as biomarkers. RESULTS NF-hydrogel concentration dependent sustained release of RANKL protein was measured at concentrations between 0.5 and 2%(w/v). NF-hydrogel at 2%(w/v) concentration exhibited a sustained and slow-release of RANKL protein up to 48h. Secondary and tertiary structure analyses confirmed no changes to the RANKL protein released from NF-hydrogel in comparison to native RANKL. The results of NFATc1 gene mRNA expression and TRAP activities of osteoclast, showed that the release process did not affect the bioactivity of released RANKL. CONCLUSIONS This novel study is the first of its kind to attempt in vitro characterization of NF-hydrogel based delivery of RANKL protein to induce osteoclastogenesis. We have shown the self-assembling NF-hydrogel peptide system is amenable to the sustained and controlled release of RANKL locally; that could in turn increase local concentration of RANKL to induce osteoclastogenesis, for application to the controlled mobilization of tooth movement in orthodontic procedures. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) occurs through controlled application of light forces to teeth, facilitating the required changes in the surrounding alveolar bone through the process of bone remodelling. The RANKL system regulates alveolar bone remodelling and controls root resorption during OTM. The use of exogenous RANKL to accelerate OTM has not been attempted to date because large quantities of RANKL for systemic therapy may subsequently cause serious systemic loss of skeletal bone. The controlled and sustained local release of RANKL from a carrier matrix could maximize its therapeutic benefit whilst minimizing systemic side effects. In this study a NF-hydrogel was used for sustained and controlled release of RANKL and the release kinetics and biofunctionality of the released RANKL was characterized. Our results provide fundamental insight for further investigating the role of RANKL NF-hydrogel release systems for inducing osteoclastogenesis in vivo.
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Lin TH, Pajarinen J, Lu L, Nabeshima A, Cordova LA, Yao Z, Goodman SB. NF-κB as a Therapeutic Target in Inflammatory-Associated Bone Diseases. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2016; 107:117-154. [PMID: 28215222 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a defensive mechanism for pathogen clearance and maintaining tissue homeostasis. In the skeletal system, inflammation is closely associated with many bone disorders including fractures, nonunions, periprosthetic osteolysis (bone loss around orthopedic implants), and osteoporosis. Acute inflammation is a critical step for proper bone-healing and bone-remodeling processes. On the other hand, chronic inflammation with excessive proinflammatory cytokines disrupts the balance of skeletal homeostasis involving osteoblastic (bone formation) and osteoclastic (bone resorption) activities. NF-κB is a transcriptional factor that regulates the inflammatory response and bone-remodeling processes in both bone-forming and bone-resorption cells. In vitro and in vivo evidences suggest that NF-κB is an important potential therapeutic target for inflammation-associated bone disorders by modulating inflammation and bone-remodeling process simultaneously. The challenges of NF-κB-targeting therapy in bone disorders include: (1) the complexity of canonical and noncanonical NF-κB pathways; (2) the fundamental roles of NF-κB-mediated signaling for bone regeneration at earlier phases of tissue damage and acute inflammation; and (3) the potential toxic effects on nontargeted cells such as lymphocytes. Recent developments of novel inhibitors with differential approaches to modulate NF-κB activity, and the controlled release (local) or bone-targeting drug delivery (systemic) strategies, have largely increased the translational application of NF-κB therapy in bone disorders. Taken together, temporal modulation of NF-κB pathways with the combination of recent advanced bone-targeting drug delivery techniques is a highly translational strategy to reestablish homeostasis in the skeletal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- T-H Lin
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - J Pajarinen
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - L Lu
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - A Nabeshima
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - L A Cordova
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Z Yao
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - S B Goodman
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.
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22
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Ge P, Sheng F, Jin Y, Tong L, Du L, Zhang L, Tian N, Li G. Magnetic resonance imaging of osteosarcoma using a bis(alendronate)-based bone-targeted contrast agent. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:423-429. [PMID: 27682736 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance (MR) is currently used for diagnosis of osteosarcoma but not well even though contrast agents are administered. Here, we report a novel bone-targeted MR imaging contrast agent, Gd2-diethylenetriaminepentaacetate-bis(alendronate) (Gd2-DTPA-BA) for the diagnosis of osteosarcoma. It is the conjugate of a bone cell-seeking molecule (i.e., alendronate) and an MR imaging contrast agent (i.e., Gd-DTPA). Its physicochemical parameters were measured, including pKa, complex constant, and T1 relaxivity. Its bone cell-seeking ability was evaluated by measuring its adsorption on hydroxyapatite. Hemolysis was investigated. MR imaging and biodistribution of Gd2-DTPA-BA and Gd-DTPA were studied on healthy and osteosarcoma-bearing nude mice. Gd2-DTPA-BA showed high adsorption on hydroxyapatite, the high MR relaxivity (r1) of 7.613mM-1s-1 (2.6 folds of Gd-DTPA), and no hemolysis. The MR contrast effect of Gd2-DTPA-BA was much higher than that of Gd-DTPA after intravenous injection to the mice. More importantly, the MR imaging of osteosarcoma was significantly improved by Gd2-DTPA-BA. The signal intensity of Gd2-DTPA-BA reached 120.3% at 50min, equal to three folds of Gd-DTPA. The bone targeting index (bone/blood) of Gd2-DTPA-BA in the osteosarcoma-bearing mice was very high to 130 at 180min. Furthermore, the contrast enhancement could also be found in the lung due to metastasis of osteosarcoma. Gd2-DTPA-BA plays a promising role in the diagnoses of osteosacomas, including the primary bone tumors and metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingju Ge
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Fugeng Sheng
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yiguang Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Li Tong
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Lina Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Ning Tian
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Gongjie Li
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China.
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Cole LE, Vargo-Gogola T, Roeder RK. Targeted delivery to bone and mineral deposits using bisphosphonate ligands. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 99:12-27. [PMID: 26482186 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The high concentration of mineral present in bone and pathological calcifications is unique compared with all other tissues and thus provides opportunity for targeted delivery of pharmaceutical drugs, including radiosensitizers and imaging probes. Targeted delivery enables accumulation of a high local dose of a therapeutic or imaging contrast agent to diseased bone or pathological calcifications. Bisphosphonates (BPs) are the most widely utilized bone-targeting ligand due to exhibiting high binding affinity to hydroxyapatite mineral. BPs can be conjugated to an agent that would otherwise have little or no affinity for the sites of interest. This article summarizes the current state of knowledge and practice for the use of BPs as ligands for targeted delivery to bone and mineral deposits. The clinical history of BPs is briefly summarized to emphasize the success of these molecules as therapeutics for metabolic bone diseases. Mechanisms of binding and the relative binding affinity of various BPs to bone mineral are introduced, including common methods for measuring binding affinity in vitro and in vivo. Current research is highlighted for the use of BP ligands for targeted delivery of BP conjugates in various applications, including (1) therapeutic drug delivery for metabolic bone diseases, bone cancer, other bone diseases, and engineered drug delivery platforms; (2) imaging probes for scintigraphy, fluorescence, positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography; and (3) radiotherapy. Last, and perhaps most importantly, key structure-function relationships are considered for the design of drugs with BP ligands, including the tether length between the BP and drug, the size of the drug, the number of BP ligands per drug, cleavable tethers between the BP and drug, and conjugation schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa E Cole
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States; Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States
| | - Tracy Vargo-Gogola
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend, South Bend, IN 46617, United States; Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States
| | - Ryan K Roeder
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States; Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States.
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Ossipov DA. Bisphosphonate-modified biomaterials for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 12:1443-58. [PMID: 25739860 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.1021679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bisphosphonates (BPs) were introduced 45 years ago as anti-osteoporotic drugs and during the last decade have been utilized as bone-targeting groups in systemic treatment of bone diseases. Very recently, strategies of chemical immobilization of BPs in hydrogels and nanocomposites for bone tissue engineering emerged. These strategies opened new applications of BPs in bone tissue engineering. AREAS COVERED Conjugates of BPs to different drug molecules, imaging agents, proteins and polymers are discussed in terms of specific targeting to bone and therapeutic affect induced by the resulting prodrugs in comparison with the parent drugs. Conversion of these conjugates into hydrogel scaffolds is also presented along with the application of the resulting materials for bone tissue engineering. EXPERT OPINION Calcium-binding properties of BPs can be successfully extended via different conjugation strategies not only for purposes of bone targeting, but also in supramolecular assembly affording either new nanocarriers or bulk nanocomposite scaffolds. Interaction between carrier-linked BPs and drug molecules should also be considered for the control of release of these molecules and their optimized delivery. Bone-targeting properties of BP-functionalized nanomaterials should correspond to bone adhesive properties of their bulk analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri A Ossipov
- Uppsala University, Division of Polymer Chemistry, Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Science for Life Laboratory , Uppsala, SE 751 21 , Sweden +46 18 417 7335 ;
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Paramjot, Khan NM, Kapahi H, Kumar S, Bhardwaj TR, Arora S, Mishra N. Role of polymer–drug conjugates in organ-specific delivery systems. J Drug Target 2015; 23:387-416. [DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2015.1016436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Cheung CSF, Zhu Z, Lui JCK, Dimitrov D, Baron J. Human monoclonal antibody fragments targeting matrilin-3 in growth plate cartilage. Pharm Res 2015; 32:2439-49. [PMID: 25690340 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-015-1636-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Many genetic disorders, including chondrodysplasias, and acquired disorders impair growth plate function, resulting in short and sometimes malformed bones. There are multiple endocrine and paracrine factors that promote chondrogenesis at the growth plate, which could potentially be used to treat these disorders. Targeting these growth factors specifically to the growth plate might augment the therapeutic skeletal effect while diminishing undesirable effects on non-target tissues. METHODS Using yeast display technology, we selected single-chain variable antibody fragments that bound to human and mouse matrilin-3, an extracellular matrix protein specifically expressed in cartilage tissue. The ability of the selected antibody fragments to bind matrilin-3 and to bind cartilage tissue in vitro and in vivo was assessed by ELISA and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We identified antibody fragments that bound matrilin-3 with high affinity and also bound with high tissue specificity to cartilage homogenates and to cartilage structures in mouse embryo sections. When injected intravenously in mice, the antibody fragments specifically homed to cartilage. CONCLUSIONS Yeast display successfully selected antibody fragments that are able to target cartilage tissue in vivo. Coupling these antibodies to chondrogenic endocrine and paracrine signaling molecules has the potential to open up new pharmacological approaches to treat childhood skeletal growth disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal Sao-Fong Cheung
- Section on Growth and Development, National Institute of Child Health and Development, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10 CRC, Rm. 1-3330, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
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Singh T, Kaur V, Kumar M, Kaur P, Murthy RSR, Rawal RK. The critical role of bisphosphonates to target bone cancer metastasis: an overview. J Drug Target 2014; 23:1-15. [DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2014.950668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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28
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Yang Y, Bhandari KH, Panahifar A, Doschak MR. Synthesis, characterization and biodistribution studies of (125)I-radioiodinated di-PEGylated bone targeting salmon calcitonin analogue in healthy rats. Pharm Res 2013; 31:1146-57. [PMID: 24357414 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-013-1237-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to prepare a bisphosphonate (BP) mediated bone targeting di-PEGylated salmon calcitonin analogue sCT-2(PEG-BP) as a novel bone targeting pharmaceutical. METHODS HPLC was used for isolation of sCT-2(PEG-BP) from the reaction mixture, followed by determination of possible PEGylation sites by trypsin digestion. Stability of the compound over time, bone mineral affinity using hydroxyapatite, and biodistribution in normal rats after radiolabeling of sCT-2(PEG-BP) or control sCT with (125)I was evaluated. RESULTS PEGylated sCT analogues were synthesized, and sCT-2(PEG-BP) was isolated by HPLC and confirmed by MALDI-TOF and ICP-MS. MALDI-TOF analysis of trypsinized fragments suggested Cys(1) (or Lys(11)) and Lys(18) to be the two PEGylation sites. Bone mineral affinity test showed sCT-2(PEG-BP) or (125)I-sCT-2(PEG-BP) exhibited significantly increased bone mineral affinity over sCT or (125)I-sCT, respectively. sCT-2(PEG-BP) remained stable for at least 1 month. In vivo biodistribution study showed significantly increased bone retention and prolonged plasma circulation time for sCT-2(PEG-BP) compared to the control sCT. CONCLUSION Those results support sCT-2(PEG-BP) as a promising new drug candidate for the treatment of resorptive and/or maladaptive bone conditions, such as Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Paget's disease and bone cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Pharmaceutical Orthopaedic Research Laboratory Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
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Newa M, Lam M, Bhandari KH, Xu B, Doschak MR. Expression, Characterization, and Evaluation of a RANK-Binding Single Chain Fraction Variable: An Osteoclast Targeting Drug Delivery Strategy. Mol Pharm 2013; 11:81-9. [DOI: 10.1021/mp400188r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Newa
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2N8, Canada
| | - Michael Lam
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2N8, Canada
| | - Krishna Hari Bhandari
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2N8, Canada
| | - Biwen Xu
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2N8, Canada
| | - Michael R. Doschak
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2N8, Canada
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30
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Kim SH, Moon SH. Osteoclast differentiation inhibitors: a patent review (2008 – 2012). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2013; 23:1591-610. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2013.842556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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31
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Biomedical applications of bisphosphonates. J Control Release 2013; 167:175-88. [PMID: 23395668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Revised: 12/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Since their discovery over 100 years ago, bisphosphonates have been used industrially as corrosion inhibitors and complexing agents. With the discovery of their pharmacological activity in the late 1960s, implicating their high affinity for hydroxyapatite, bisphosphonates have been employed in the treatment of bone diseases and as targeting agents for colloids and drugs. They have notably been investigated for the treatment of Paget's disease, osteoporosis, bone metastases, malignancy-associated hypercalcemia, and pediatric bone diseases. Currently, they are first-line medications for several of these diseases and are taken by millions of patients worldwide, mostly postmenopausal women. A major problem associated with their use is their low oral bioavailability. Several delivery systems have been proposed to improve their absorption and to direct them to sites other than bone tissues. Beyond their important pharmacological role, the medical applications of bisphosphonates are numerous. In addition, their metal-chelating properties have been exploited to coat and stabilize implants, nanoparticulates, and contrast agents. In this contribution, we review the pharmacological and clinical uses of bisphosphonates and highlight their novel applications in the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields.
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