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Salman A, Abdel Mageed SS, Fathi D, Elrebehy MA, Abulsoud AI, Elshaer SS, Khidr EG, Al-Noshokaty TM, Khaled R, Rizk NI, Elballal MS, Sayed GA, Abd-Elmawla MA, El Tabaa MM, Mohammed OA, Ashraf A, El-Husseiny AA, Midan HM, El-Dakroury WA, Abdel-Reheim MA, Doghish AS. Deciphering signaling pathway interplay via miRNAs in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 252:154947. [PMID: 37977032 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly invasive form of lung cancer that adversely affects the pleural and other linings of the lungs. MPM is a very aggressive tumor that often has an advanced stage at diagnosis and a bad prognosis (between 7 and 12 months). When people who have been exposed to asbestos experience pleural effusion and pain that is not explained, MPM should be suspected. After being diagnosed, most MPM patients have a one- to four-year life expectancy. The life expectancy is approximately six months without treatment. Despite the plethora of current molecular investigations, a definitive universal molecular signature has yet to be discovered as the causative factor for the pathogenesis of MPM. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to play a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. The association between the expression of these short, non-coding RNAs and several neoplasms, including MPM, has been observed. Although the incidence of MPM is very low, there has been a significant increase in research focused on miRNAs in the past few years. In addition, miRNAs have been found to have a role in various regulatory signaling pathways associated with MPM, such as the Notch signaling network, Wnt/β-catenin, mutation of KRAS, JAK/STAT signaling circuit, protein kinase B (AKT), and Hedgehog signaling pathway. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the existing understanding of the roles of miRNAs in the underlying mechanisms of pathogenic symptoms in MPM, highlighting their potential as viable targets for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Salman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, 11829 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Doaa Fathi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Shereen Saeid Elshaer
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11823, Egypt
| | - Emad Gamil Khidr
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tohada M Al-Noshokaty
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Reem Khaled
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Nehal I Rizk
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Elballal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ghadir A Sayed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, 11829 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai A Abd-Elmawla
- Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manar Mohammed El Tabaa
- Pharmacology & Environmental Toxicology, Environmental Studies & Research Institute (ESRI), University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897 Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Ashraf
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A El-Husseiny
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, 11829 Cairo, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba M Midan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Walaa A El-Dakroury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt.
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Guo X, Jiang C, Chen Z, Wang X, Hong F, Hao D. Regulation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in spinal cord injury: an updated review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1276445. [PMID: 38022526 PMCID: PMC10663250 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1276445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are involved in neural homeostasis and pathological processes associated with neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury (SCI). The biological effect of cytokines, including those associated with acute or chronic SCI pathologies, are the result of receptor-mediated signaling through the Janus kinases (JAKs) as well as the signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) DNA-binding protein families. Although therapies targeting at cytokines have led to significant changes in the treatment of SCI, they present difficulties in various aspects for the direct use by patients themselves. Several small-molecule inhibitors of JAKs, which may affect multiple pro-inflammatory cytokine-dependent pathways, as well as STATs, are in clinical development for the treatment of SCI. This review describes the current understanding of the JAK-STAT signaling in neuroendocrine homeostasis and diseases, together with the rationale for targeting at this pathway for the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Guo
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Fan Hong
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Dingjun Hao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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Nano-Enabled Strategies for the Treatment of Lung Cancer: Potential Bottlenecks and Future Perspectives. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020473. [PMID: 36831009 PMCID: PMC9952953 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
On a global scale, lung cancer is acknowledged to be the major driver of cancer death attributable to treatment challenges and poor prognosis. Classical cancer treatment regimens, such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy, can be used to treat lung cancer, but the appended adverse effects limit them. Because of the numerous side effects associated with these treatment modalities, it is crucial to strive to develop novel and better strategies for managing lung cancer. Attributes such as enhanced bioavailability, better in vivo stability, intestinal absorption pattern, solubility, prolonged and targeted distribution, and the superior therapeutic effectiveness of numerous anticancer drugs have all been boosted with the emergence of nano-based therapeutic systems. Lipid-based polymeric and inorganic nano-formulations are now being explored for the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics for lung cancer treatment. Nano-based approaches are pioneering the route for primary and metastatic lung cancer diagnosis and treatment. The implementation and development of innovative nanocarriers for drug administration, particularly for developing cancer therapies, is an intriguing and challenging task in the scientific domain. The current article provides an overview of the delivery methods, such as passive and active targeting for chemotherapeutics to treat lung cancer. Combinatorial drug therapy and techniques to overcome drug resistance in lung cancer cells, as potential ways to increase treatment effectiveness, are also discussed. In addition, the clinical studies of the potential therapies at different stages and the associated challenges are also presented. A summary of patent literature has also been included to keep readers aware of the new and innovative nanotechnology-based ways to treat lung cancer.
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Jiang S, Xu Y, Fan Y, Hu Y, Zhang Q, Su W. Busulfan impairs blood-testis barrier and spermatogenesis by increasing noncollagenous 1 domain peptide via matrix metalloproteinase 9. Andrology 2021; 10:377-391. [PMID: 34535976 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Sterility induced by anti-cancer treatments has caused significant concern, yet the mechanism and treatment exploration are little for male infertility after cancer therapy. Busulfan, the antineoplastic that was widely applied before bone marrow transplantation, was known to induce male reproductive disorder. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of busulfan on blood-testis barrier function in adult rats and determine whether noncollagenous 1 domain peptide, the biologically active fragment proteolyzed from the collagen α3 chain (IV) by matrix metalloproteinase 9, was involved during this process. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult male rats were treated with one-dose or double-dose of busulfan (10 mg/kg) before euthanized at day 35. Blood-testis barrier integrity assay, HE staining, immunofluorescence, and Western blot were used to validate the effect of busulfan on blood-testis barrier permeability and spermatogenesis. JNJ0966 was applied to specifically inhibit the matrix metalloproteinase 9 activity. The polymerization activity of F-actin/G-actin and microtubule/tubulin in the testis were assessed by using commercial kits. RESULTS A noteworthy blood-testis barrier injury and significant up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 activity and noncollagenous 1 level after a single-dose busulfan (10 mg/kg) treatment in adult rat testis were revealed. The application of JNJ0966 was found to decrease noncollagenous 1 level and rescue the busulfan-induced blood-testis barrier injury including the mis-localization of junction proteins across the seminiferous epithelium, by recovering the organization and polymerization of both F-actin and microtubule. The busulfan-induced spermatogenesis impairment was also improved by JNJ0966. CONCLUSION These findings thus demonstrate that the elevation in matrix metalloproteinase 9 and noncollagenous 1 might participate in busulfan-induced blood-testis barrier disruption in adult male rats. As such, busulfan-induced male infertility could possibly be managed through interventions on noncollagenous 1 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yunxia Fan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenhui Su
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Mao Y, Qamar M, Qamar SA, Khan MI, Bilal M, Iqbal HM. Insight of nanomedicine strategies for a targeted delivery of nanotherapeutic cues to cope with the resistant types of cancer stem cells. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Yang X, Tian M, Zhang W, Chai T, Shen Z, Kang M, Lin J. Identification of potential core genes in esophageal carcinoma using bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26428. [PMID: 34232175 PMCID: PMC8270608 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common human malignancy worldwide. The tumorigenesis mechanism in ESCC is unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS To explore potential therapeutic targets for ESCC, we analyzed 3 microarray datasets (GSE20347, GSE38129, and GSE67269) derived from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. Then, the GEO2R tool was used to screen out differently expressed genes (DEGs) between ESCC and normal tissue. Gene ontology function and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway enrichment analysis were performed using the database for annotation, visualization and integrated discovery to identify the pathways and functional annotation of DEGs. Protein-protein interaction of these DEGs was analyzed based on the search tool for the retrieval of interacting genes database and visualized by Cytoscape software. In addition, we used encyclopedia of RNA interactomes (ENCORI), gene expression profiling interactive analysis (GEPIA), and the human protein atlas to confirm the expression of hub genes in ESCC. Finally, GEPIA was used to evaluate the prognostic value of hub genes expression in ESCC patients and we estimated the associations between hub genes expression and immune cell populations (B Cell, CD8+ T Cell, CD4+ T Cell, Macrophage, Neutrophil, and Dendritic Cell) in esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) using tumor immune estimation resource (TIMER). RESULTS In this study, 707 DEGs (including 385 upregulated genes and 322 downregulated genes) and 6 hub genes (cyclin B1 [CCNB1], cyclin dependent kinase 1 [CDK1], aurora kinase A [AURKA], ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2C [UBE2C], cyclin A2 [CCNA2], and cell division cycle 20 [CDC20]) were identified. All of the 6 hub genes were highly expressed in ESCC tissues. Among of them, only CCNB1 and CDC20 were associated with stage of ESCC and all of them were not associated with survival time of patients. CONCLUSION DEGs and hub genes were confirmed in our study, providing a thorough, scientific and comprehensive research goals for the pathogenesis of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mengyue Tian
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | | | - Tianci Chai
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xinyi People's Hospital, Xuzhou
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Ma G, Yang Y, Chen Y, Wei X, Ding J, Zhou RP, Hu W. Blockade of TRPM7 Alleviates Chondrocyte Apoptosis and Articular Cartilage Damage in the Adjuvant Arthritis Rat Model Through Regulation of the Indian Hedgehog Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:655551. [PMID: 33927631 PMCID: PMC8076952 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.655551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage damage with subsequent impairment of joint function is a common feature of articular diseases, in particular, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. While articular cartilage injury mediated by chondrocyte apoptosis is a known major pathological feature of arthritis, the specific mechanisms remain unclear at present. Transient receptor potential melastatin-like seven channel (TRPM7) is reported to play an important regulatory role in apoptosis. This study focused on the effects of TRPM7 on arthritic chondrocyte injury and its underlying mechanisms of action. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced rat primary chondrocyte apoptosis and rat adjuvant arthritis (AA) were used as in vitro and in vivo models, respectively. Blockage of TRPM7 with 2-APB or specific siRNA resulted in increased chondrocyte viability and reduced toxicity of SNP. Moreover, treatment with 2-APB enhanced the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and reduced cleaved PARP and IL-6, MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 expression in SNP-treated chondrocytes. Activation of Indian Hedgehog with purmorphamine reversed the protective effects of 2-APB on SNP-induced chondrocyte apoptosis. Blockage of TRPM7 with 2-APB relieved the clinical signs of AA in the rat model and reduced the arthritis score and paw swelling. Similar to findings in SNP-treated chondrocytes, 2-APB treatment increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and suppressed cleaved PARP, IL-6, MMP-13, ADAMTS-5, TRPM7, and Indian hedgehog expression in articular cartilage of AA rats. Our collective findings suggest that blockade of TRPM7 could effectively reduce chondrocyte apoptosis and articular cartilage damage in rats with adjuvant arthritis through regulation of the Indian Hedgehog signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganggang Ma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ren-Peng Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
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Collier JB, Schnellmann RG. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 regulates NAD metabolism during acute kidney injury through microRNA-34a-mediated NAMPT expression. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:3643-3655. [PMID: 31873757 PMCID: PMC11104937 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03391-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Prior studies have established the important role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) as a mediator of acute kidney injury (AKI). We demonstrated rapid ERK1/2 activation induced renal dysfunction following ischemia/reperfusion (IR)-induced AKI and downregulated the mitochondrial biogenesis (MB) regulator, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) in mice. In this study, ERK1/2 regulation of cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and PGC-1α were explored. Inhibition of ERK1/2 activation during AKI in mice using the MEK1/2 inhibitor, trametinib, attenuated renal cortical oxidized NAD (NAD+) depletion. The rate-limiting NAD biosynthesis salvage enzyme, NAMPT, decreased following AKI, and this decrease was prevented by ERK1/2 inhibition. The microRNA miR34a decreased with the inhibition of ERK1/2, leading to increased NAMPT protein. Mice treated with a miR34a mimic prevented increases in NAMPT protein in the renal cortex in the presence of ERK1/2 inhibition. In addition, ERK1/2 activation increased acetylated PGC-1α, the less active form, whereas inhibition of ERK1/2 activation prevented an increase in acetylated PGC-1α after AKI through SIRT1 and NAD+ attenuation. These results implicate IR-induced ERK1/2 activation as an important contributor to the downregulation of both PGC-1α and NAD+ pathways that ultimately decrease cellular metabolism and renal function. Inhibition of ERK1/2 activation prior to the initiation of IR injury attenuated decreases in PGC-1α and NAD+ and prevented kidney dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin B Collier
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - Rick G Schnellmann
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Southern Arizona VA Health Care System, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Southwest Environmental Health Science Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Sharma A, Jha NK, Dahiya K, Singh VK, Chaurasiya K, Jha AN, Jha SK, Mishra PC, Dholpuria S, Astya R, Nand P, Kumar A, Ruokolainen J, Kesari KK. Nanoparticulate RNA delivery systems in cancer. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2020; 3:e1271. [PMID: 32729987 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug delivery system is a common practice in cancer treatment. RNA interference-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing holds promise as an approach to knockdown in the expression of target genes responsible for cancer cell growth and metastasis. RNA interference (RNAi) can be achieved by delivering small interfering RNA (siRNA) and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) to target cells. Since neither interfering RNAs can be delivered in naked form due to poor stability, an efficient delivery system is required that protects, guides, and delivers the siRNA and shRNA to target cells as part of cancer therapy (chemotherapy). RECENT FINDINGS In this review, a discussion is presented about the different types of drug delivery system used to deliver siRNA and shRNA, together with an overview of the potential benefits associated with this sophisticated biomolecular therapy. Improved understanding of the different approaches used in nanoparticle (NP) fabrication, along with an enhanced appreciation of the biochemical properties of siRNA/shRNA, will assist in developing improved drug delivery strategies in basic and clinical research. CONCLUSION These novel delivery techniques are able to solve the problems that form an inevitable part of delivering genes in more efficient manner and as part of more effective treatment protocols. The present review concludes that the nanoparticulate RNA delivery system has great possibility for cancer treatment along with several other proposed methods. Several NPs or nanocarriers are already in use, but the methods proposed here could fulfill the missing gap in cancer research. It is the future technology, which unravels the mystery of resolving genomic diseases that is, especially genomic instability and its signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Sharma
- Department of Life Science, School of Basic Science & Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Kajal Dahiya
- Department of Life Science, School of Basic Science & Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Kundan Chaurasiya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Aditya Narayan Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Prabhu Chandra Mishra
- Department of Regenerative Medicine & Cellular Therapy, StemMax Research & Therapeutics Pvt Ltd., New Delhi, India
| | - Sunny Dholpuria
- Department of Life Science, School of Basic Science & Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Rani Astya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Parma Nand
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Ram Krishna College, Lalit Narayan Mithila University, Darbhanga, India
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Liu S, Li H, Wu S, Li L, Ge R, Cheng CY. NC1-peptide regulates spermatogenesis through changes in cytoskeletal organization mediated by EB1. FASEB J 2020; 34:3105-3128. [PMID: 31909540 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901968rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
During the epithelial cycle of spermatogenesis, different sets of cellular events take place across the seminiferous epithelium in the testis. For instance, remodeling of the blood-testis barrier (BTB) that facilitates the transport of preleptotene spermatocytes across the immunological barrier and the release of sperms at spermiation take place at the opposite ends of the epithelium simultaneously at stage VIII of the epithelial cycle. These cellular events are tightly coordinated via locally produced regulatory biomolecules. Studies have shown that collagen α3 (IV) chains, a major constituent component of the basement membrane, release the non-collagenous (NC) 1 domain, a 28-kDa peptide, designated NC1-peptide, from the C-terminal region, via the action of MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase 9). NC1-peptide was found to be capable of inducing BTB remodeling and spermatid release across the epithelium. As such, the NC1-peptide is an endogenously produced biologically active peptide which coordinates these cellular events across the epithelium in stage VIII tubules. Herein, we used an animal model, wherein NC1-peptide cloned into the pCI-neo mammalian expression vector was overexpressed in the testis, to better understanding the molecular mechanism by which NC1-peptide regulated spermatogenic function. It was shown that NC1-peptide induced considerable downregulation on a number of cell polarity and planar cell polarity (PCP) proteins, and studies have shown these polarity and PCP proteins modulate spermatid polarity and adhesion via their effects on microtubule (MT) and F-actin cytoskeletal organization across the epithelium. More important, NC1-peptide exerted its effects by downregulating the expression of microtubule (MT) plus-end tracking protein (+TIP) called EB1 (end-binding protein 1). We cloned the full-length EB1 cDNA for its overexpression in the testis, which was found to block the NC1-peptide-mediated disruptive effects on cytoskeletal organization in Sertoli cell epithelium and pertinent Sertoli cell functions. These findings thus illustrate that NC1-peptide is working in concert with EB1 to support spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwen Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, USA
| | - Huitao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, USA
| | - Siwen Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, USA
| | - Linxi Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, USA
| | - Renshan Ge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - C Yan Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, USA
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Multi-functional self-assembled nanoparticles for pVEGF-shRNA loading and anti-tumor targeted therapy. Int J Pharm 2019; 575:118898. [PMID: 31846730 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Although RNA interference (RNAi) technology shows great potential in cancer treatment, the tumor target delivery and sufficient cytosolic transport of RNAi agents are still the main obstacles for its clinical applications. Herein, we report a functional supramolecular self-assembled nanoparticle vector for RNAi agent loading and tumor target therapy. Molecular block adamantane-grafted poly(ethylene glycol) (Ad-PEG) was modified with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-specific binding ligand GE11 or pH-sensitive fusogenic peptide GALA and then used for self-assembly with cyclodextrin-grafted branched polyethylenimine (CD-PEI), adamantane-grafted polyamidoamine dendrimer (Ad-PAMAM), and plasmid DNA containing a small hairpin RNA expression cassette against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) into functional DNA-loaded supramolecular nanoparticles (GE11&GALA-pshVEGF@SNPs) based on molecular recognition and charge interaction. These functional peptides facilitated the target cell binding, internalization, and endosomal escape of GE11&GALA-pshVEGF@SNPs, resulting in increased reporter gene expression and efficient targeted gene silencing. The systemic delivery of the GE11&GALA-pshVEGF@SNPs can efficiently downregulate the intratumoral VEGF protein levels, reduce blood vessel formation, and significantly inhibit A549 xenograft tumor growth. These results reveal the potential of these multifunctional self-assembled nanoparticles as a nucleic acid drug delivery system for the treatment of lung cancer.
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12
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siRNA Conjugated Nanoparticles-A Next Generation Strategy to Treat Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236088. [PMID: 31816851 PMCID: PMC6929195 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite major progress in both therapeutic and diagnostic techniques, lung cancer is still considered the leading cause of cancer mortality in the world due to the ineffectiveness of the classical treatments used nowadays. Luckily, the discovery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) planted hope in the hearts of scientists and patients worldwide as a new breakthrough in the world of oncology and a robust tool for finally curing cancer. However, the valuable siRNA must be protected and preserved to ensure the effectiveness of this gene therapy, thus nanoparticles are gaining more attention than previous years as the optimal carriers for this fragile molecule. siRNA-loaded nanoparticles are being extensively investigated to find the appropriate formulation, combination, and delivery route with one objective in mind—successfully overcoming all possible limitations shown in clinical studies and making full use of this novel technique to become the next generation treatment to wipe out many chronic diseases, including cancer. In this review, the benefits of using siRNA and nanoparticles in lung cancer treatment will be globally reviewed before discussing why and how nanoparticles and siRNA can be combined to achieve an efficient treatment of lung cancer for prospective clinical applications.
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13
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Bioprofiling TS/A Murine Mammary Cancer for a Functional Precision Experimental Model. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121889. [PMID: 31783695 PMCID: PMC6966465 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The TS/A cell line was established in 1983 from a spontaneous mammary tumor arisen in an inbred BALB/c female mouse. Its features (heterogeneity, low immunogenicity and metastatic ability) rendered the TS/A cell line suitable as a preclinical model for studies on tumor-host interactions and for gene therapy approaches. The integrated biological profile of TS/A resulting from the review of the literature could be a path towards the description of a precision experimental model of mammary cancer.
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14
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Zhang YB, Jiang Y, Wang J, Ma J, Han S. Evaluation of core serous epithelial ovarian cancer genes as potential prognostic markers and indicators of the underlying molecular mechanisms using an integrated bioinformatics analysis. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:5508-5522. [PMID: 31612059 PMCID: PMC6781641 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a major cause of mortality in women. However, the molecular events underlying the pathogenesis of the disease are yet to be fully elucidated. In the present study, an integrated bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify core genes involved in serous epithelial ovarian cancer. A total of three expression datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and included 46 serous epithelial ovarian cancer and 30 ovarian surface epithelium samples. The three datasets were merged, and batch normalization was performed. The normalized merged data were subsequently analyzed for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In total, 2,212 DEGs were identified, including 1,300 upregulated and 912 downregulated genes. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that these DEGs were primarily involved in ‘regulation of cell cycle’, ‘mitosis’, ‘DNA packaging’ and ‘nucleosome assembly’. The main cellular components included ‘extracellular region part’, ‘chromosome’, ‘extracellular matrix’ and ‘condensed chromosome kinetochore’, whereas the molecular functions included ‘Calcium ion binding’, ‘polysaccharide binding’, ‘enzyme inhibitor activity’, ‘growth factor activity’, ‘cyclin-dependent protein kinase regulator activity’, ‘microtubule motor activity’ and ‘Wnt receptor activity’. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed that these DEGs were predominantly involved in ‘Wnt signaling pathway’, ‘pathways in cancer’, ‘PI3K-Akt signaling pathway’, ‘cell cycle’, ‘ECM-receptor interaction’, ‘p53 signaling pathway’ and ‘focal adhesion’. The 20 most significant DEGs were identified from the protein-protein interaction network, and Oncomine analysis of these core genes revealed that 13 were upregulated and two were downregulated in serous epithelial ovarian cancer. Survival analysis revealed that cyclin B1, polo like kinase 1, G protein subunit γ transducin 1 and G protein subunit γ 12 are key molecules that may be involved in the prognosis of serous epithelial ovarian cancer. These core genes may provide novel treatment targets, although their roles in the carcinogenesis and prognosis of serous epithelial ovarian cancer require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Bo Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yuhan Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Shiyu Han
- Department of Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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15
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Current Transport Systems and Clinical Applications for Small Interfering RNA (siRNA) Drugs. Mol Diagn Ther 2019; 22:551-569. [PMID: 29926308 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-018-0338-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are an attractive new agent with potential as a therapeutic tool because of its ability to inhibit specific genes for many conditions, including viral infections and cancers. However, despite this potential, many challenges remain, including off-target effects, difficulties with delivery, immune responses, and toxicity. Traditional genetic vectors do not guarantee that siRNAs will silence genes in vivo. Rational design strategies, such as chemical modification, viral vectors, and non-viral vectors, including cationic liposomes, polymers, nanocarriers, and bioconjugated siRNAs, provide important opportunities to overcome these challenges. We summarize the results of research into vector delivery of siRNAs as a therapeutic agent from their design to clinical trials in ophthalmic diseases, cancers, respiratory diseases, and liver virus infections. Finally, we discuss the current state of siRNA delivery methods and the need for greater understanding of the requirements.
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16
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Gao X, Guo L, Li J, Thu HE, Hussain Z. Nanomedicines guided nanoimaging probes and nanotherapeutics for early detection of lung cancer and abolishing pulmonary metastasis: Critical appraisal of newer developments and challenges to clinical transition. J Control Release 2018; 292:29-57. [PMID: 30359665 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is the second most prevalent type of cancer and primary cause of mortality among both men and women, worldwide. The most commonly employed diagnostic modalities for LC include chest X-ray (CXR), magnetic-resonance-imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT-scan), and fused-positron-emitting-tomography-CT (PET-CT). Owing to several limitations associated with the use of conventional diagnostic tools such as radiation burden to the patient, misleading diagnosis ("missed lung cancer"), false staging and low sensitivity and resolution, contemporary diagnostic regimen needed to be employed for screening of LC. In recent decades, nanotechnology-guided interventions have been transpired as emerging nanoimaging probes for detection of LC at advanced stages, while producing signal amplification, better resolution for surface and deep tissue imaging, and enhanced translocation and biodistribution of imaging probes within the cancerous tissues. Besides enormous potential of nanoimaging probes, nanotechnology-based advancements have also been evidenced for superior efficacy for treatment of LC and abolishing pulmonary metastasis (PM). The success of nanotherapeutics is due to their ability to maximise translocation and biodistribution of anti-neoplastic agents into the tumor tissues, improve pharmacokinetic profiles of anti-metastatic agents, optimise target-specific drug delivery, and control release kinetics of encapsulated moieties in target tissues. This review aims to overview and critically discuss the superiority of nanoimaging probes and nanotherapeutics over conventional regimen for early detection of LC and abolishing PM. Current challenges to clinical transition of nanoimaging probes and therapeutic viability of nanotherapeutics for treatment for LC and PM have also been pondered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Lihua Guo
- Department of Nephrology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Jianqiang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Hnin Ei Thu
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, Faculty of Dentistry, Lincoln University College, Jalan Stadium, SS 7/15, Kelana Jaya, 47301 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zahid Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
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17
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Magalhães M, Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Concheiro A, Figueiras A, Santos AC, Veiga F. RNAi-based therapeutics for lung cancer: biomarkers, microRNAs, and nanocarriers. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2018; 15:965-982. [PMID: 30232915 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2018.1517744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the current advances in the discovery of the lung cancer biomarkers and, consequently, in the diagnosis, this pathology continues to be the primary cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In most cases, the illness is diagnosed in an advanced stage, which limits the current treatment options available and reduces the survival rate. Therefore, RNAi-based therapy arises as a promising option to treat lung cancer. AREAS COVERED This review provides an overview on the exploitation of lung cancer biology to develop RNAi-based therapeutics to be applied in the treatment of lung cancer. Furthermore, the review analyzes the main nanocarriers designed to deliver RNAi molecules and induce antitumoral effects in lung cancer, and provides updated information about current RNAi-based therapeutics for lung cancer in clinical trials. EXPERT OPINION RNAi-based therapy uses nanocarriers to perform a targeted and efficient delivery of therapeutic genes into lung cancer cells, by taking advantage of the known biomarkers in lung cancer. These therapeutic genes are key regulatory molecules of crucial cellular pathways involved in cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. Thereby, the characteristics and functionalization of the nanocarrier and the knowledge of lung cancer biology have direct influence in improving the therapeutic effect of this therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Magalhães
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal.,b REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- c Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, R+D Pharma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS) , Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Angel Concheiro
- c Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, R+D Pharma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS) , Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Ana Figueiras
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal.,b REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal
| | - Ana Cláudia Santos
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal.,b REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal
| | - Francisco Veiga
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal.,b REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal
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18
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Ye C, Wang J, Wu P, Li X, Chai Y. Prognostic role of cyclin B1 in solid tumors: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:2224-2232. [PMID: 27903976 PMCID: PMC5356794 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin B1 is a key mitotic cyclin in the G2-M phase transition of the cell cycle and is overexpressed in various malignant tumors. Numerous studies have reported contradictory evidences of the correlation between cyclin B1 expression and prognosis in human solid tumors. To address this discrepancy, we conducted a meta-analysis with 17 published studies searched from PubMed and Medline. Cyclin B1 overexpression was significantly associated with poor 3-year overall survival (OS) (OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.20 to 3.50, P = 0.009) and 5-year OS (OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.33 to 3.36, P = 0.002) of solid tumors. Subgroup analysis revealed that elevated cyclin B1 expression was associated with worse prognosis of lung cancer and esophageal cancer but better prognosis of colorectal cancer. In summary, overexpression of cyclin B1 is correlated with poor survival in most solid tumors, which suggests that the expression status of cyclin B1 is a significant prognostic parameter in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Ye
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Pin Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xiaofen Li
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ying Chai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
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19
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Li SYT, Yan M, Chen H, Jesus T, Lee WM, Xiao X, Cheng CY. mTORC1/rpS6 regulates blood-testis barrier dynamics and spermatogenetic function in the testis in vivo. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 314:E174-E190. [PMID: 29089336 PMCID: PMC5866417 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00263.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The blood-testis barrier (BTB), conferred by Sertoli cells in the mammalian testis, is an important ultrastructure that supports spermatogenesis. Studies using animal models have shown that a disruption of the BTB leads to meiotic arrest, causing defects in spermatogenesis and male infertility. To better understand the regulation of BTB dynamics, we report findings herein to understand the role of ribosomal protein S6 (rpS6), a downstream signaling protein of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), in promoting BTB disruption in the testis in vivo, making the barrier "leaky." Overexpression of wild-type rpS6 (rpS6-WT, the full-length cDNA cloned into the mammalian expression vector pCI-neo) and a constitutively active quadruple phosphomimetic mutant cloned into pCI-neo (p-rpS6-MT) vs. control (empty pCI-neo vector) was achieved by transfecting adult rat testes with the corresponding plasmid DNA using a Polyplus in vivo-jetPEI transfection reagent. On the basis of an in vivo functional BTB integrity assay, p-rpS6-MT was found to induce BTB disruption better than rpS6-WT did (and no effects in empty vector control), leading to defects in spermatogenesis, including loss of spermatid polarity and failure in the transport of cells (e.g., spermatids) and organelles (e.g., phagosomes), to be followed by germ exfoliation. More important, rpS6-WT and p-rpS6-MT exert their disruptive effects through changes in the organization of actin- and microtubule (MT)-based cytoskeletons, which are mediated by changes in the spatiotemporal expression of actin- and MT-based binding and regulatory proteins. In short, mTORC1/rpS6 signaling complex is a regulator of spermatogenesis and BTB by modulating the organization of the actin- and MT-based cytoskeletons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Y T Li
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council , New York, New York
| | - Ming Yan
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council , New York, New York
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Haiqi Chen
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council , New York, New York
| | - Tito Jesus
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council , New York, New York
| | - Will M Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiang Xiao
- Department of Reproductive Physiology, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences , Hangzhou , China
| | - C Yan Cheng
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council , New York, New York
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20
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Schlosser K, Taha M, Deng Y, Stewart DJ. Systemic delivery of MicroRNA mimics with polyethylenimine elevates pulmonary microRNA levels, but lacks pulmonary selectivity. Pulm Circ 2017; 8:2045893217750613. [PMID: 29251557 PMCID: PMC5753929 DOI: 10.1177/2045893217750613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversing pathologic alterations in vascular microRNA (miRNA) expression represents a potential therapeutic strategy for pulmonary hypertension. While polyethylenimine (PEI) has previously been shown to be an effective vehicle for vascular lung-directed delivery of plasmid DNA, it remains unclear whether this utility is generalizable to miRNAs. Here we show that despite elevated lung levels, the intravenous infusion of PEI-miRNA mimic complexes fails to provide lung-selective delivery in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Schlosser
- 1 10055 Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mohamad Taha
- 1 10055 Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,2 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Yupu Deng
- 1 10055 Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Duncan J Stewart
- 1 10055 Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,2 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,3 Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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21
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Wen Y, Cao L, Lian WP, Li GX. The prognostic significance of high/positive expression of cyclin B1 in patients with three common digestive cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:96373-96383. [PMID: 29221213 PMCID: PMC5707107 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, several studies have reported that the expression of cyclin B1 may be associated with the prognosis of cancer. Nevertheless, their conclusions were still controversial. The present was designed to analyze and evaluate the prognostic role of cyclin B1 expression in patients with digestive cancer. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched to January, 2017. Pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. For the pooled OR estimates of OS, we performed subgroup analysis. Besides, sensitivity analysis was performed to examine the stability of the combined results. All statistical analyses were performed using standard statistical procedures provided in RevMan 5.2. A total of 12 studies (N = 2080 participants) were included for this meta-analysis. The positive/high expression of cyclin B1 had an obvious association with both 3-year overall survival (OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.12-0.37; P < 0.00001) and 5-year overall survival (OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.12-0.34; P < 0.00001) in esophageal cancer, and 5-year overall survival of colorectal cancer (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.32-3.08; P = 0.001). This meta-analysis indicated that positive/high expression of cyclin B1 may have a close association with worse survival in patients with esophageal cancer, but better prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wen
- Chinese Medicine Department, Southwest Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wen-Ping Lian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of He'nan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Guo-Xia Li
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Minhang District Central Hospital, Shanghai 201199, China
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22
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Jiang Z, Han B, Liu W, Peng Y. Evaluation on biological compatibility of carboxymethyl chitosan as biomaterials for antitumor drug delivery. J Biomater Appl 2017; 31:985-994. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328216688337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Carboxymethyl-chitosan, a water-soluble derivative of chitosan, has emerged as a promising candidate for biomedical applications due to its excellent water solubility, biodegradation, biocompatibility, hydrating, antimicrobial, and nontoxicity. In this paper, the antitumor proliferation and metastasis was studied in vitro and in vivo to evaluate biocompatibility of carboxymethyl-chitosan as biomaterials for antitumor drug delivery. The results showed that carboxymethyl-chitosan could significantly reduce the clone formation and tumor migration of human cancer cells including kidney cancer cell line OS-RC-2, gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901, colon cancer cell line HT-29, and nonsmall cell lung cancer cell line NCI-H1650 in vitro. Through Lewis tumor-bearing C57BL/6 mouse model, carboxymethyl-chitosan was proved to be able to inhibit solid tumor growth and tumor metastasis to the liver and lung, meanwhile increase the level of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 and E-cadherin, and decrease the level of mice blood serum matrix metalloproteinase 9. This study suggested that carboxymethyl-chitosan had certain antimetastasis effect and good biocompatibility and may have a potential application as a synergic antitumor reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Baoqin Han
- Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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23
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Landesman-Milo D, Ramishetti S, Peer D. Nanomedicine as an emerging platform for metastatic lung cancer therapy. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2016; 34:291-301. [PMID: 25948376 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-015-9554-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic lung cancer is one of the most common cancers leading to mortality worldwide. Current treatment includes chemo- and pathway-dependent therapy aiming at blocking the spread and proliferation of these metastatic lesions. Nanomedicine is an emerging multidisciplinary field that offers unprecedented access to living cells and promises the state of the art in cancer detection and treatment. Development of nanomedicines as drug carriers (nanocarriers) that target cancer for therapy draws upon principles in the fields of chemistry, medicine, physics, biology, and engineering. Given the zealous activity in the field as demonstrated by more than 30 nanocarriers already approved for clinical use and given the promise of recent clinical results in various studies, nanocarrier-based strategies are anticipated to soon have a profound impact on cancer medicine and human health. Herein, we will detail the latest innovations in therapeutic nanomedicine with examples from lipid-based nanoparticles and polymer-based approaches, which are engineered to deliver anticancer drugs to metastatic lung cells. Emphasis will be placed on the latest and most attractive delivery platforms, which are developed specifically to target lung metastatic tumors. These novel nanomedicines may open new avenues for therapeutic intervention carrying new class of drugs such as RNAi and mRNA and the ability to edit the genome using the CRISPER/Cas9 system. Ultimately, these strategies might become a new therapeutic modality for advanced-stage lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalit Landesman-Milo
- Laboratory of NanoMedicine, Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
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24
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Lee SJ, Kim MJ, Kwon IC, Roberts TM. Delivery strategies and potential targets for siRNA in major cancer types. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 104:2-15. [PMID: 27259398 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) has gained attention as a potential therapeutic reagent due to its ability to inhibit specific genes in many genetic diseases. For many years, studies of siRNA have progressively advanced toward novel treatment strategies against cancer. Cancer is caused by various mutations in hundreds of genes including both proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. In order to develop siRNAs as therapeutic agents for cancer treatment, delivery strategies for siRNA must be carefully designed and potential gene targets carefully selected for optimal anti-cancer effects. In this review, various modifications and delivery strategies for siRNA delivery are discussed. In addition, we present current thinking on target gene selection in major tumor types.
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25
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Park J, Park J, Pei Y, Xu J, Yeo Y. Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of recently-developed siRNA nanomedicines. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 104:93-109. [PMID: 26686832 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a promising drug candidate, expected to have broad therapeutic potentials toward various diseases including viral infections and cancer. With recent advances in bioconjugate chemistry and carrier technology, several siRNA-based drugs have advanced to clinical trials. However, most cases address local applications or diseases in the filtering organs, reflecting remaining challenges in systemic delivery of siRNA. The difficulty in siRNA delivery is in large part due to poor circulation stability and unfavorable pharmacokinetics and biodistribution profiles of siRNA. This review describes the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of siRNA nanomedicines, focusing on those reported in the past 5years, and their pharmacological effects in selected disease models such as hepatocellular carcinoma, liver infections, and respiratory diseases. The examples discussed here will provide an insight into the current status of the art and unmet needs in siRNA delivery.
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Zou L, Wang H, He B, Zeng L, Tan T, Cao H, He X, Zhang Z, Guo S, Li Y. Current Approaches of Photothermal Therapy in Treating Cancer Metastasis with Nanotherapeutics. Theranostics 2016; 6:762-72. [PMID: 27162548 PMCID: PMC4860886 DOI: 10.7150/thno.14988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 565] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis accounts for the high mortality of many types of cancer. Owing to the unique advantages of high specificity and minimal invasiveness, photothermal therapy (PTT) has been evidenced with great potential in treating cancer metastasis. In this review, we outline the current approaches of PTT with respect to its application in treating metastatic cancer. PTT can be used alone, guided with multimodal imaging, or combined with the current available therapies for effective treatment of cancer metastasis. Numerous types of photothermal nanotherapeutics (PTN) have been developed with encouraging therapeutic efficacy on metastatic cancer in many preclinical animal experiments. We summarize the design and performance of various PTN in PTT alone and their combinational therapy. We also point out the lacking area and the most promising approaches in this challenging field. In conclusion, PTT or their combinational therapy can provide an essential promising therapeutic modality against cancer metastasis.
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Wang L. Synthetic methods of CuS nanoparticles and their applications for imaging and cancer therapy. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra18355g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive survey of basic concepts and up-to-date literature results concerning the potential use of CuS nanoparticles for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
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Effective Small Interfering RNA Therapy to Treat CLCN7-dependent Autosomal Dominant Osteopetrosis Type 2. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2015; 4:e248. [PMID: 26325626 PMCID: PMC4877447 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2015.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In about 70% of patients affected by autosomal dominant osteopetrosis type 2 (ADO2), osteoclast activity is reduced by heterozygous mutations of the CLCN7 gene, encoding the ClC-7 chloride/hydrogen antiporter. CLCN7(G215R)-, CLCN7(R767W)-, and CLCN7(R286W)-specific siRNAs silenced transfected mutant mRNA/EGFP in HEK293 cells, in RAW264.7 cells and in human osteoclasts, with no change of CLCN7(WT) mRNA and no effect of scrambled siRNA on the mutant transcripts. Osteoclasts from Clcn7(G213R) ADO2 mice showed reduced bone resorption, a condition rescued by Clcn7(G213R)-specific siRNA. Treatment of ADO2 mice with Clcn7(G213R)-specific siRNA induced increase of bone resorption variables and decrease of trabecular bone mass, leading to an overall improvement of the osteopetrotic bone phenotype. Treatment did not induce overt adverse effects and was effective also with siRNAs specific for other mutants. These results demonstrate that a siRNA-based experimental treatment of ADO2 is feasible, and underscore a translational impact for future strategy to cure this therapeutically neglected form of osteopetrosis.
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Fang Y, Liang X, Jiang W, Li J, Xu J, Cai X. Cyclin b1 suppresses colorectal cancer invasion and metastasis by regulating e-cadherin. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126875. [PMID: 25962181 PMCID: PMC4427130 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin B1, a mitotic cyclin, has been implicated in malignances. However, its contribution to colorectal cancer invasion and metastasis are still not well understood. Here, we demonstrated that the invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer is regulated by Cyclin B1. Overexpression of Cyclin B1 was observed in colorectal cancer tissues, but this elevated expression was negatively associated with lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis stage, and TNM stage. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis proved that low Cyclin B1 expression was associated with poor overall survival of patients with colorectal cancer. Inhibition of Cyclin B1 in colorectal cancer cells enhanced the cell migration and invasion of three different colorectal cancer cell lines. In studying the possible mechanism by which Cyclin B1 suppresses colorectal cancer invasion and metastasis, we observed that suppression of Cyclin B1 decreased the expression of E-cadherin protein level. Our findings suggest that Cyclin B1 could suppress the invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells through regulating E-cadherin expression, which enables the development of potential intervention strategies for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Fang
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Wenbin Jiang
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Jianbo Li
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Junfen Xu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Xiujun Cai
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- * E-mail:
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Kim YD, Park TE, Singh B, Maharjan S, Choi YJ, Choung PH, Arote RB, Cho CS. Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of siRNA for effective lung cancer therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:1165-88. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.14.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most lethal diseases worldwide, and the survival rate is less than 15% even after the treatment. Unfortunately, chemotherapeutic treatments for lung cancer are accompanied by severe side effects, lack of selectivity and multidrug resistance. In order to overcome the limitations of conventional chemotherapy, nanoparticle-mediated RNA interference drugs represent a potential new approach due to selective silencing effect of oncogenes and multidrug resistance related genes. In this review, we provide recent advancements on nanoparticle-mediated siRNA delivery strategies including lipid system, polymeric system and rigid nanoparticles for lung cancer therapies. Importantly, codelivery of siRNA with conventional anticancer drugs and recent theranostic agents that offer great potential for lung cancer therapy is covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Dong Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Eun Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology & Research Institute for Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Bijay Singh
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology & Research Institute for Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Sushila Maharjan
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology & Research Institute for Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Jaie Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology & Research Institute for Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Pill-Hoon Choung
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Rohidas B. Arote
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong-Su Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology & Research Institute for Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
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Fujita Y, Kuwano K, Ochiya T. Development of small RNA delivery systems for lung cancer therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:5254-70. [PMID: 25756380 PMCID: PMC4394474 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16035254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as a powerful tool for studying target identification and holds promise for the development of therapeutic gene silencing. Recent advances in RNAi delivery and target selection provide remarkable opportunities for translational medical research. The induction of RNAi relies on small silencing RNAs, which affect specific messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation. Two types of small RNA molecules, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), have a central function in RNAi technology. The success of RNAi-based therapeutic delivery may be dependent upon uncovering a delivery route, sophisticated delivery carriers, and nucleic acid modifications. Lung cancer is still the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, for which novel therapeutic strategies are critically needed. Recently, we have reported a novel platform (PnkRNA™ and nkRNA®) to promote naked RNAi approaches through inhalation without delivery vehicles in lung cancer xenograft models. We suggest that a new class of RNAi therapeutic agent and local drug delivery system could also offer a promising RNAi-based strategy for clinical applications in cancer therapy. In this article, we show recent strategies for an RNAi delivery system and suggest the possible clinical usefulness of RNAi-based therapeutics for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fujita
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan.
| | - Kazuyoshi Kuwano
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
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Parmar MB, Aliabadi HM, Mahdipoor P, Kucharski C, Maranchuk R, Hugh JC, Uludağ H. Targeting Cell Cycle Proteins in Breast Cancer Cells with siRNA by Using Lipid-Substituted Polyethylenimines. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2015; 3:14. [PMID: 25763370 PMCID: PMC4329877 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2015.00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell cycle proteins are key regulators of cell cycle progression whose deregulation is one of the causes of breast cancer. RNA interference (RNAi) is an endogenous mechanism to regulate gene expression and it could serve as the basis of regulating aberrant proteins including cell cycle proteins. Since the delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a main barrier for implementation of RNAi therapy, we explored the potential of a non-viral delivery system, 2.0 kDa polyethylenimines substituted with linoleic acid and caprylic acid, for this purpose. Using a library of siRNAs against cell cycle proteins, we identified cell division cycle protein 20 (CDC20), a recombinase RAD51, and serine–threonine protein kinase CHEK1 as effective targets for breast cancer therapy, and demonstrated their therapeutic potential in breast cancer MDA-MB-435, MDA-MB-231, and MCF7 cells with respect to another well-studied cell cycle protein, kinesin spindle protein. We also explored the efficacy of dicer-substrate siRNA (DsiRNA) against CDC20, RAD51, and CHEK1, where a particular DsiRNA against CDC20 showed an exceptionally high inhibition of cell growth in vitro. There was no apparent effect of silencing selected cell cycle proteins on the potency of the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin. The efficacy of DsiRNA against CDC20 was subsequently assessed in a xenograft model, which indicated a reduced tumor growth as a result of CDC20 DsiRNA therapy. The presented study highlighted specific cell cycle protein targets critical for breast cancer therapy, and provided a polymeric delivery system for their effective down-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj B Parmar
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB , Canada
| | - Hamidreza Montazeri Aliabadi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB , Canada ; School of Pharmacy, Chapman University , Irvine, CA , USA
| | - Parvin Mahdipoor
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB , Canada
| | - Cezary Kucharski
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB , Canada
| | - Robert Maranchuk
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB , Canada
| | - Judith C Hugh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB , Canada
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB , Canada ; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB , Canada ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB , Canada
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Zeng Q, Jiang H, Wang T, Zhang Z, Gong T, Sun X. Cationic micelle delivery of Trp2 peptide for efficient lymphatic draining and enhanced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses. J Control Release 2015; 200:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Zhou L, Li J, Zhao YP, Cui QC, Zhou WX, Guo JC, You L, Wu WM, Zhang TP. The prognostic value of Cyclin B1 in pancreatic cancer. Med Oncol 2014; 31:107. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0107-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Merkel OM, Rubinstein I, Kissel T. siRNA delivery to the lung: what's new? Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 75:112-28. [PMID: 24907426 PMCID: PMC4160355 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) has been thought of as the general answer to many unmet medical needs. After the first success stories, it soon became obvious that short interfering RNA (siRNA) is not suitable for systemic administration due to its poor pharmacokinetics. Therefore local administration routes have been adopted for more successful in vivo RNAi. This paper reviews nucleic acid modifications, nanocarrier chemistry, animal models used in successful pulmonary siRNA delivery, as well as clinical translation approaches. We summarize what has been published recently and conclude with the potential problems that may still hamper the efficient clinical application of RNAi in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia M Merkel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Israel Rubinstein
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Thomas Kissel
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmacy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Ketzerbach 63, 35037 Marburg, Germany
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Abstract
Polyethylenimines (PEIs) have proven to be highly efficient and versatile agents for nucleic acid delivery in vitro and in vivo. Despite the low biodegradability of these polymers, they have been used in several clinical trials and the results suggest that the nucleic acid/PEI complexes have a good safety profile. The high transfection efficiency of PEIs probably relies on the fact that these polymers possess a stock of amines that can undergo protonation during the acidification of endosomes. This buffering capacity likely enhances endosomal escape of the polyplexes through the "proton sponge" effect. PEIs have also attracted great interest because the presence of many amino groups allow for easy chemical modifications or conjugation of targeting moieties and hydrophilic polymers. In the present chapter, we summarize and discuss the mechanism of PEI-mediated transfection, as well as the recent developments in PEI-mediated DNA, antisense oligonucleotide, and siRNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Neuberg
- Laboratoire "Vecteurs: Synthèse et Applications Thérapeutiques", UMR7199 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
| | - Antoine Kichler
- Laboratoire "Vecteurs: Synthèse et Applications Thérapeutiques", UMR7199 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
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Wu Y, Yang L, Mei X, Yu Y. Selective inhibition of STAT1 reduces spinal cord injury in mice. Neurosci Lett 2013; 580:7-11. [PMID: 24321405 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) is associated with neuronal cell death after cerebral ischemia. However, the role of STAT1 in the spinal cord injury (SCI) remains unclear. Here, we examined whether STAT1 blockade reduces neural tissue damage and locomotor impairment after SCI in mice. The small interfering RNA against STAT1 (STAT1 siRNA) or control non-targeting siRNA was injected intraperitoneally into SCI mice. Histological damage and locomotor function were evaluated. Inflammatory markers and apoptosis were determined. STAT1 siRNA treatment significantly decreased the histological damage following SCI. STAT1 siRNA-treated mice showed significantly improved locomotor function compared with the controls. Furthermore, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels at the injured site from the STAT1 siRNA-treated group were significantly reduced and IL-10 increased, in comparison with controls. The NF-κB activation and apoptosis in SCI were also inhibited. These results reveal that selective STAT1 inhibition reduced neural tissue damage and locomotor impairment by regulating inflammatory response and possibly apoptosis. STAT1 represents a novel therapeutic target after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexin Wu
- Department of Hand Surgery, First Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, Liaoning, China
| | - Limin Yang
- Department of Hand Surgery, First Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xifan Mei
- Department of Spine, First Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, Liaoning, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Spine, First Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, Liaoning, China
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