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Yang C, Lin ZI, Zhang X, Xu Z, Xu G, Wang YM, Tsai TH, Cheng PW, Law WC, Yong KT, Chen CK. Recent Advances in Engineering Carriers for siRNA Delivery. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300362. [PMID: 38150293 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) technology has been a promising treatment strategy for combating intractable diseases. However, the applications of RNAi in clinical are hampered by extracellular and intracellular barriers. To overcome these barriers, various siRNA delivery systems have been developed in the past two decades. The first approved RNAi therapeutic, Patisiran (ONPATTRO) using lipids as the carrier, for the treatment of amyloidosis is one of the most important milestones. This has greatly encouraged researchers to work on creating new functional siRNA carriers. In this review, the recent advances in siRNA carriers consisting of lipids, polymers, and polymer-modified inorganic particles for cancer therapy are summarized. Representative examples are presented to show the structural design of the carriers in order to overcome the delivery hurdles associated with RNAi therapies. Finally, the existing challenges and future perspective for developing RNAi as a clinical modality will be discussed and proposed. It is believed that the addressed contributions in this review will promote the development of siRNA delivery systems for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengbin Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Ian Lin
- Polymeric Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Xinmeng Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Zhourui Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Gaixia Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Min Wang
- Polymeric Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsien Tsai
- Division of Cardiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, 60002, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Cheng
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 81362, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Wing-Cheung Law
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Ken-Tye Yong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Chih-Kuang Chen
- Polymeric Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
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Tabasi H, Mollazadeh S, Fazeli E, Abnus K, Taghdisi SM, Ramezani M, Alibolandi M. Transitional Insight into the RNA-Based Oligonucleotides in Cancer Treatment. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:1685-1711. [PMID: 37402038 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04597-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Conventional cancer therapies with chemodrugs suffer from various disadvantages, such as irreversible side effects on the skin, heart, liver, and nerves with even fatal consequences. RNA-based therapeutic is a novel technology which offers great potential as non-toxic, non-infectious, and well-tolerable platform. Herein, we introduce different RNA-based platforms with a special focus on siRNA, miRNA, and mRNA applications in cancer treatment in order to better understand the details of their therapeutic effects. Of note, the co-delivery of RNAs with other distinct RNA or drugs has provided safe, efficient, and novel treatment modalities for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Tabasi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Samaneh Mollazadeh
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Elham Fazeli
- Biomedicine Department, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Khalil Abnus
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Taghdisi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mona Alibolandi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Li T, Ashrafizadeh M, Shang Y, Nuri Ertas Y, Orive G. Chitosan-functionalized bioplatforms and hydrogels in breast cancer: immunotherapy, phototherapy and clinical perspectives. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103851. [PMID: 38092146 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common and malignant tumor among women. Chitosan (CS)-based nanoparticles have been introduced into breast cancer therapy as a way to increase the targeted delivery of drugs and genes to the tumor site. CS nanostructures suppress tumorigenesis by enhancing both the targeted delivery of cargo (drug and gene) and its accumulation in tumor cells. The tumor cells internalize CS-based nanoparticles through endocytosis. Moreover, chitosan nanocarriers can also induce phototherapy-mediated tumor ablation. Smart and multifunctional types of CS nanoparticles, including pH-, light- and redox-responsive nanoparticles, can be used to improve the potential for breast cancer removal. In addition, the acceleration of immunotherapy by CS nanoparticles has also been achieved, and there is potential to develop CS-nanoparticle hydrogels that can be used to suppress tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfeng Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China; Department of General Surgery, Institute of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China
| | - Yuru Shang
- Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- ERNAM-Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology (UIRMI) (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
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Zou J. Site-specific delivery of cisplatin and paclitaxel mediated by liposomes: A promising approach in cancer chemotherapy. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117111. [PMID: 37734579 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The site-specific delivery of drugs, especially anti-cancer drugs has been an interesting field for researchers and the reason is low accumulation of cytotoxic drugs in cancer cells. Although combination cancer therapy has been beneficial in providing cancer drug sensitivity, targeted delivery of drugs appears to be more efficient. One of the safe, biocompatible and efficient nano-scale delivery systems in anti-cancer drug delivery is liposomes. Their particle size is small and they have other properties such as adjustable physico-chemical properties, ease of functionalization and high entrapment efficiency. Cisplatin is a chemotherapy drug with clinical approval in patients, but its accumulation in cancer cells is low due to lack of targeted delivery and repeated administration results in resistance development. Gene and drug co-administration along with cisplatin/paclitaxel have resulted in increased sensitivity in tumor cells, but there is still space for more progress in cancer therapy. The delivery of cisplatin/paclitaxel by liposomes increases accumulation of drug in tumor cells and impairs activity of efflux pumps in promoting cytotoxicity. Moreover, phototherapy along with cisplatin/paclitaxel delivery can increase potential in tumor suppression. Smart nanoparticles including pH-sensitive nanoparticles provide site-specific delivery of cisplatin/paclitaxel. The functionalization of liposomes can be performed by ligands to increase targetability towards tumor cells in mediating site-specific delivery of cisplatin/paclitaxel. Finally, liposomes can mediate co-delivery of cisplatin/paclitaxel with drugs or genes in potentiating tumor suppression. Since drug resistance has caused therapy failure in cancer patients, and cisplatin/paclitaxel are among popular chemotherapy drugs, delivery of these drugs mediates targeted suppression of cancers and prevents development of drug resistance. Because of biocompatibility and safety of liposomes, they are currently used in clinical trials for treatment of cancer patients. In future, the optimal dose of using liposomes and optimal concentration of loading cisplatin/paclitaxel on liposomal nanocarriers in clinical trials should be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Zou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Song S, Shim MK, Yang S, Lee J, Yun WS, Cho H, Moon Y, Min JY, Han EH, Yoon HY, Kim K. All-in-one glycol chitosan nanoparticles for co-delivery of doxorubicin and anti-PD-L1 peptide in cancer immunotherapy. Bioact Mater 2023; 28:358-375. [PMID: 37334068 PMCID: PMC10276196 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Synergistic immunotherapy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and immunogenic cell death (ICD) has shown remarkable therapeutic efficacy in various cancers. However, patients show low response rates and undesirable outcomes to these combination therapies owing to the recycling mechanism of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and the systemic toxicity of ICD-inducing chemotherapeutic drugs. Herein, we propose all-in-one glycol chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) that can deliver anti-PD-L1 peptide (PP) and doxorubicin (DOX) to targeted tumor tissues for a safe and more effective synergistic immunotherapy. The PP-CNPs, which are prepared by conjugating ᴅ-form PP (NYSKPTDRQYHF) to CNPs, form stable nanoparticles that promote multivalent binding with PD-L1 proteins on the targeted tumor cell surface, resulting in effective lysosomal PD-L1 degradation in contrast with anti-PD-L1 antibody, which induces recycling of endocytosed PD-L1. Consequently, PP-CNPs prevent subcellular PD-L1 recycling and eventually destruct immune escape mechanism in CT26 colon tumor-bearing mice. Moreover, the ICD inducer, DOX is loaded into PP-CNPs (DOX-PP-CNPs) for synergistic ICD and ICB therapy, inducing a large number of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in targeted tumor tissues with minimal toxicity in normal tissues. When the DOX-PP-CNPs are intravenously injected into CT26 colon tumor-bearing mice, PP and DOX are efficiently delivered to the tumor tissues via nanoparticle-derived passive and active targeting, which eventually induce both lysosomal PD-L1 degradation and substantial ICD, resulting in a high rate of complete tumor regression (CR: 60%) by a strong antitumor immune response. Collectively, this study demonstrates the superior efficacy of synergistic immunotherapy using all-in-one nanoparticles to deliver PP and DOX to targeted tumor tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukyung Song
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Man Kyu Shim
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Suah Yang
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewan Lee
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Su Yun
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanhee Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujeong Moon
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioengineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Min
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Cheongju, 28119, Republic of Korea
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hee Han
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Cheongju, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Yeol Yoon
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmeyung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
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Zhao P, Zhong Y, Pan P, Zhang S, Tian Y, Zhang J, Yi G, Zhao Z, Wu T. DNA self-assembly nanoflower reverse P-glycoprotein mediated drug resistance in chronic myelogenous leukemia therapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1265199. [PMID: 37671185 PMCID: PMC10475561 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1265199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative disorder caused by the BCR-ABL chimeric tyrosine kinase. Vincristine (VCR) is widely used in leukemia therapy but is hindered by multidrug resistance (MDR). Methods: We prepared DNA nanoflower via self-assembly for the delivery of VCR and P-glycoprotein small interfering RNA (P-gp siRNA). Results and Discussion: The as-prepared nanoflower had a floriform shape with high loading efficiency of VCR (80%). Furthermore, the nanoflower could deliver VCR and P-gp siRNA into MDR CML cells and induce potent cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo, thus overcoming MDR of CML. Overall, this nanoflower is a promising tool for resistant CML therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yeteng Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Pengcheng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- Wuhan Wuchang Hospital, Wuchang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Public Research Center Hainan, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Analytical and Testing Center of Hainan University, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohui Yi
- Public Research Center Hainan, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhendong Zhao
- Analytical and Testing Center of Hainan University, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Tiantian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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Bushra R, Ahmad M, Seidi F, Qurtulen, Song J, Jin Y, Xiao H. Polysaccharide-based nanoassemblies: From synthesis methodologies and industrial applications to future prospects. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 318:102953. [PMID: 37399637 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides, due to their remarkable features, have gained significant prominence in the sustainable production of nanoparticles (NPs). High market demand and minimal production cost, compared to the chemically synthesised NPs, demonstrate a drive towards polysaccharide-based nanoparticles (PSNPs) benign to environment. Various approaches are used for the synthesis of PSNPs including cross-linking, polyelectrolyte complexation, and self-assembly. PSNPs have the potential to replace a wide diversity of chemical-based agents within the food, health, medical and pharmacy sectors. Nevertheless, the considerable challenges associated with optimising the characteristics of PSNPs to meet specific targeting applications are of utmost importance. This review provides a detailed compilation of recent accomplishments in the synthesis of PSNPs, the fundamental principles and critical factors that govern their rational fabrication, as well as various characterisation techniques. Noteworthy, the multiple use of PSNPs in different disciplines such as biomedical, cosmetics agrochemicals, energy storage, water detoxification, and food-related realms, is accounted in detail. Insights into the toxicological impacts of the PSNPs and their possible risks to human health are addressed, and efforts made in terms of PSNPs development and optimising strategies that allow for enhanced delivery are highlighted. Finally, limitations, potential drawbacks, market diffusion, economic viability and future possibilities for PSNPs to achieve widespread commercial use are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rani Bushra
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials and Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Sci & Tech, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mehraj Ahmad
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China; College of Light Industry and Food, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials and Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Sci & Tech, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Farzad Seidi
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials and Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Sci & Tech, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qurtulen
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Junlong Song
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials and Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Sci & Tech, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongcan Jin
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials and Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Sci & Tech, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huining Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
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Farhan M. Insights on the Role of Polyphenols in Combating Cancer Drug Resistance. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1709. [PMID: 37371804 PMCID: PMC10296548 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance is still a serious problem in the treatment of most cancers. Many cellular and molecular mechanisms contribute to both inherent and acquired drug resistance. They include the use of unaffected growth-signaling pathways, changes in the tumor microenvironment, and the active transport of medicines out of the cell. The antioxidant capacity of polyphenols and their potential to inhibit the activation of procarcinogens, cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis, as well as to promote the inhibition or downregulation of active drug efflux transporters, have been linked to a reduced risk of cancer in epidemiological studies. Polyphenols also have the ability to alter immunological responses and inflammatory cascades, as well as trigger apoptosis in cancer cells. The discovery of the relationship between abnormal growth signaling and metabolic dysfunction in cancer cells highlights the importance of further investigating the effects of dietary polyphenols, including their ability to boost the efficacy of chemotherapy and avoid multidrug resistance (MDR). Here, it is summarized what is known regarding the effectiveness of natural polyphenolic compounds in counteracting the resistance that might develop to cancer drugs as a result of a variety of different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Farhan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year Deanship, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Sachdeva B, Sachdeva P, Negi A, Ghosh S, Han S, Dewanjee S, Jha SK, Bhaskar R, Sinha JK, Paiva-Santos AC, Jha NK, Kesari KK. Chitosan Nanoparticles-Based Cancer Drug Delivery: Application and Challenges. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21040211. [PMID: 37103352 PMCID: PMC10142570 DOI: 10.3390/md21040211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitin is the second most abundant biopolymer consisting of N-acetylglucosamine units and is primarily derived from the shells of marine crustaceans and the cell walls of organisms (such as bacteria, fungi, and algae). Being a biopolymer, its materialistic properties, such as biodegradability, and biocompatibility, make it a suitable choice for biomedical applications. Similarly, its deacetylated derivative, chitosan, exhibits similar biocompatibility and biodegradability properties, making it a suitable support material for biomedical applications. Furthermore, it has intrinsic material properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and antitumor. Population studies have projected nearly 12 million cancer patients across the globe, where most will be suffering from solid tumors. One of the shortcomings of potent anticancer drugs is finding a suitable cellular delivery material or system. Therefore, identifying new drug carriers to achieve effective anticancer therapy is becoming essential. This paper focuses on the strategies implemented using chitin and chitosan biopolymers in drug delivery for cancer treatment.
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Pawar CS, Rajendra Prasad N, Yadav P, Muthu Vijayan Enoch IV, Manikantan V, Dey B, Baruah P. Enhanced delivery of quercetin and doxorubicin using β-cyclodextrin polymer to overcome P-glycoprotein mediated multidrug resistance. Int J Pharm 2023; 635:122763. [PMID: 36822336 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we prepared a β-cyclodextrin polymer (β-CDP) co-loaded quercetin (QCT) and doxorubicin (DOX) nanocarrier (β-CDP/QD NCs) by freeze-dried method to combat P-glycoprotein (P-gp) mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) in KB-ChR 8-5 cancer cells. Various microscopic and spectroscopic techniques were employed to characterize the prepared nanocarrier. The molecular docking studies confirm the effective binding interactions of QCT and DOX with the synthesized β-CD polymer. The in vitro drug release study illustrates the sustainable release of DOX and QCT from the β-CDP nanocarrier. Further, we noticed that the QCT released from the β-CDP nanocarrier improved the intracellular availability of DOX via modulating P-gp drug efflux function in KB-ChR 8-5 cells and MCF-7/DOX cancer cells. Cell uptake results confirmed the successful internalization of DOX in KB-ChR 8-5 cells compared with free DOX. Cell-based assays such as nuclear condensation, alteration in the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and apoptosis morphological changes confirmed the enhanced anticancer effect of β-CDP/QD NCs in the resistant cancer cells. Hence, QCT and DOX co-loaded β-CDP may be considered effective in achieving maximum cell death in the P-gp overexpressing MDR cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charan Singh Pawar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608002 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Rajendra Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608002 Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Priya Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608002 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - I V Muthu Vijayan Enoch
- Centre for Nanoscience and Genomics, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed University), 641114 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Varnitha Manikantan
- Centre for Nanoscience and Genomics, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed University), 641114 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bindiya Dey
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608002 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Paran Baruah
- Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk, Guwahati 781035, Assam, India
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Herdiana Y, Wathoni N, Gozali D, Shamsuddin S, Muchtaridi M. Chitosan-Based Nano-Smart Drug Delivery System in Breast Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030879. [PMID: 36986740 PMCID: PMC10051865 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances, cancer remains the primary killer on a global scale. Numerous forms of research have been conducted to discover novel and efficient anticancer medications. The complexity of breast cancer is a major challenge which is coupled with patient-to-patient variations and heterogeneity between cells within the tumor. Revolutionary drug delivery is expected to provide a solution to that challenge. Chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) have prospects as a revolutionary delivery system capable of enhancing anticancer drug activity and reducing negative impacts on normal cells. The use of smart drug delivery systems (SDDs) as delivering materials to improve the bioactivity of NPs and to understand the intricacies of breast cancer has garnered significant interest. There are many reviews about CSNPs that present various points of view, but they have not yet described a series in cancer therapy from cell uptake to cell death. With this description, we will provide a more complete picture for designing preparations for SDDs. This review describes CSNPs as SDDSs, enhancing cancer therapy targeting and stimulus response using their anticancer mechanism. Multimodal chitosan SDDs as targeting and stimulus response medication delivery will improve therapeutic results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yedi Herdiana
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (M.M.)
| | - Nasrul Wathoni
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Dolih Gozali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Shaharum Shamsuddin
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
- Nanobiotech Research Initiative, Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), USM, Penang 11800, Malaysia
- USM-RIKEN Interdisciplinary Collaboration on Advanced Sciences (URICAS), USM, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Muchtaridi Muchtaridi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (M.M.)
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12
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Chen LH, Liang NW, Huang WY, Liu YC, Ho CY, Kuan CH, Huang YF, Wang TW. Supramolecular hydrogel for programmable delivery of therapeutics to cancer multidrug resistance. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 146:213282. [PMID: 36634378 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) has been considered as a major adversary in oncologic chemotherapy. To simultaneously overcome drug resistance and inhibit tumor growth, it is essential to develop a drug delivery system that can carry and release multiple therapeutic agents with spatiotemporal control. In this study, we developed a hydrogel containing an enzyme-cleavable peptide motif, with a network structure formed by 4-armed polyethylene glycol (PEG) crosslinked by complementary nucleic acid sequences. Hydrogen bond formation between nucleobase pairing allows the hydrogel to be injectable, and the peptide motif grants deliberate control over hydrogel degradation and the responsive drug release. Moreover, MDR-targeted siRNAs are complexed with stearyl-octaarginine (STR-R8), while doxorubicin (Dox) is intercalated with DNA and nanoclay structures in this hydrogel to enhance therapeutic efficacy and overcome MDR. The results show a successful configuration of a hydrogel network with in situ gelation property, injectability, and degradability in the presence of tumor-associated enzyme, MMP-2. The synergistic effect by combining MDR-targeted siRNAs and Dox manifests with the enhanced anti-cancer effect on drug resistant breast cancer cells in both in vitro and in vivo tumor models. We suggest that with the tailor-designed hydrogel system, multidrug resistance in tumor cells can be significantly inhibited by the co-delivery of multiple therapeutics with spatial-temporal control release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Hsin Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 30013, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Wen Liang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 30013, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yuan Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chung Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Ho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsiang Kuan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fen Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, and Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Wei Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 30013, Taiwan.
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13
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Recent advances in targeted gene silencing and cancer therapy by nanoparticle-based delivery systems. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:114065. [PMID: 36481408 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicine has emerged as a promising platform for disease treatment and much progress has been achieved in the clinical translation for cancer treatment. Several types of nanomedicines have been approved for therapeutic application. However, many nanoparticles still suffer from challenges in the translation from bench to bedside. Currently, nanoparticle-based delivery systems have been developed to explore their functions in targeted gene silencing and cancer therapy. This review describes the research progress of different nano-carriers in targeted gene editing, and the recent progress in co-delivery of anticancer drugs and small ribonucleic acid. We also summarize the strategies for improving the specificity of carrier systems. Finally, we discuss the functions of targeted nano-carriers in overcoming chemotherapeutic drug resistance in cancer therapy. As research continues to advance, a better understanding of the safety including long-term toxicity, immunogenicity, and body metabolism may impel nanoparticle translation.
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14
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PEGylated Reduced Graphene Oxide as Nanoplatform for Targeted Gene and Drug Delivery. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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15
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Combination of polythyleneimine regulating autophagy prodrug and Mdr1 siRNA for tumor multidrug resistance. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:476. [DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01689-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractMultidrug resistance (MDR) has been restricting the efficacy of chemotherapy, which mainly include pump resistance and non-pump resistance. In order to fight overall MDR, a novel targeted gene/drug co-deliver nano system is developed, which can suppress the drug efflux pumps and modulate autophagy to overcoming both pump and non-pump resistance. Here, small interfere RNA (siRNA) is incorporated into polymer-drug conjugates (PEI-PTX, PP) which are composed of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and paclitaxel (PTX) via covalent bonds, and hyaluronic acid (HA) is coated on the surface of PP/siRNA to achieve long blood cycle and CD44-targeted delivery. The RNA interference to mdr1 gene is combined with autophagy inhibition by PP, which efficiently facilitate apoptosis of Taxol-resistant lung cancer cells (A549/T). Further study indicates that PEI in PP may play a significant role to block the autophagosome–lysosome fusion process by means of alkalizing lysosomes. Both in vitro and in vivo studies confirm that the nanoassemblies can successfully deliver PTX and siRNA into tumor cells and significantly inhibited A549/T tumor growth. In summary, the polymeric nanoassemblies provide a potential strategy for combating both pump and non-pump resistance via the synergism of RNAi and autophagy modulation.
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16
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Lee JW, Choi J, Choi Y, Kim K, Yang Y, Kim SH, Yoon HY, Kwon IC. Molecularly engineered siRNA conjugates for tumor-targeted RNAi therapy. J Control Release 2022; 351:713-726. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Kandasamy G, Maity D. Current Advancements in Self-assembling Nanocarriers-Based siRNA Delivery for Cancer Therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 221:113002. [PMID: 36370645 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.113002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Different therapeutic practices for treating cancers have significantly evolved to compensate and/or overcome the failures in conventional methodologies. The demonstrated potentiality in completely inhibiting the tumors and in preventing cancer relapse has made nucleic acids therapy (NAT)/gene therapy as an attractive practice. This has been made possible because NAT-based cancer treatments are highly focused on the fundamental mechanisms - i.e., silencing the expression of oncogenic genes responsible for producing abnormal proteins (via messenger RNAs (mRNAs)). However, the future clinical translation of NAT is majorly dependent upon the effective delivery of the exogenous nucleic acids (especially RNAs - e.g., short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) - herein called biological drugs). Moreover, nano-based vehicles (i.e., nanocarriers) are involved in delivering them to prevent degradation and undesired bioaccumulation while enhancing the stability of siRNAs. Herein, we have initially discussed about three major types of self-assembling nanocarriers (liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles and exosomes). Later, we have majorly reviewed recent developments in non-targeted/targeted nanocarriers for delivery of biological drugs (individual/dual) to silence the most important genes/mRNAs accountable for inducing protein abnormality. These proteins include polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), survivin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), B-cell lymphoma/leukaemia-2 (Bcl-2) and multi-drug resistance (MDR). Besides, the consequent therapeutic effects on cancer growth, invasion and/or metastasis have also been discussed. Finally, we have comprehensively reviewed the improvements achieved in the cutting-edge cancer therapeutics while delivering siRNAs in combination with clinically approved chemotherapeutic drugs.
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18
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Sharma VK, Liu X, Oyarzún DA, Abdel-Azeem AM, Atanasov AG, Hesham AEL, Barik SK, Gupta VK, Singh BN. Microbial polysaccharides: An emerging family of natural biomaterials for cancer therapy and diagnostics. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:706-731. [PMID: 34062265 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microbial polysaccharides (MPs) offer immense diversity in structural and functional properties. They are extensively used in advance biomedical science owing to their superior biodegradability, hemocompatibility, and capability to imitate the natural extracellular matrix microenvironment. Ease in tailoring, inherent bio-activity, distinct mucoadhesiveness, ability to absorb hydrophobic drugs, and plentiful availability of MPs make them prolific green biomaterials to overcome the significant constraints of cancer chemotherapeutics. Many studies have demonstrated their application to obstruct tumor development and extend survival through immune activation, apoptosis induction, and cell cycle arrest by MPs. Synoptic investigations of MPs are compulsory to decode applied basics in recent inclinations towards cancer regimens. The current review focuses on the anticancer properties of commercially available and newly explored MPs, and outlines their direct and indirect mode of action. The review also highlights cutting-edge MPs-based drug delivery systems to augment the specificity and efficiency of available chemotherapeutics, as well as their emerging role in theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K Sharma
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Road, Xuhui, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Diego A Oyarzún
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed M Abdel-Azeem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Institute for Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 23 Acad. G. Bonchev Str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Abd El-Latif Hesham
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Saroj K Barik
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, United Kingdom; Center for Safe and Improved Food, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, United Kingdom.
| | - Brahma N Singh
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India.
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Yadav P, Ambudkar SV, Rajendra Prasad N. Emerging nanotechnology-based therapeutics to combat multidrug-resistant cancer. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:423. [PMID: 36153528 PMCID: PMC9509578 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01626-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer often develops multidrug resistance (MDR) when cancer cells become resistant to numerous structurally and functionally different chemotherapeutic agents. MDR is considered one of the principal reasons for the failure of many forms of clinical chemotherapy. Several factors are involved in the development of MDR including increased expression of efflux transporters, the tumor microenvironment, changes in molecular targets and the activity of cancer stem cells. Recently, researchers have designed and developed a number of small molecule inhibitors and derivatives of natural compounds to overcome various mechanisms of clinical MDR. Unfortunately, most of the chemosensitizing approaches have failed in clinical trials due to non-specific interactions and adverse side effects at pharmacologically effective concentrations. Nanomedicine approaches provide an efficient drug delivery platform to overcome the limitations of conventional chemotherapy and improve therapeutic effectiveness. Multifunctional nanomaterials have been found to facilitate drug delivery by improving bioavailability and pharmacokinetics, enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs to overcome MDR. In this review article, we discuss the major factors contributing to MDR and the limitations of existing chemotherapy- and nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems to overcome clinical MDR mechanisms. We critically review recent nanotechnology-based approaches to combat tumor heterogeneity, drug efflux mechanisms, DNA repair and apoptotic machineries to overcome clinical MDR. Recent successful therapies of this nature include liposomal nanoformulations, cRGDY-PEG-Cy5.5-Carbon dots and Cds/ZnS core–shell quantum dots that have been employed for the effective treatment of various cancer sub-types including small cell lung, head and neck and breast cancers.
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20
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Wang C, Li F, Zhang T, Yu M, Sun Y. Recent advances in anti-multidrug resistance for nano-drug delivery system. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:1684-1697. [PMID: 35616278 PMCID: PMC9154776 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2079771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy for tumors occasionally results in drug resistance, which is the major reason for the treatment failure. Higher drug doses could improve the therapeutic effect, but higher toxicity limits the further treatment. For overcoming drug resistance, functional nano-drug delivery system (NDDS) has been explored to sensitize the anticancer drugs and decrease its side effects, which are applied in combating multidrug resistance (MDR) via a variety of mechanisms including bypassing drug efflux, controlling drug release, and disturbing metabolism. This review starts with a brief report on the major MDR causes. Furthermore, we searched the papers from NDDS and introduced the recent advances in sensitizing the chemotherapeutic drugs against MDR tumors. Finally, we concluded that the NDDS was based on several mechanisms, and we looked forward to the future in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changduo Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fashun Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tianao Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Min Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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21
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Ju Y, Liao H, Richardson JJ, Guo J, Caruso F. Nanostructured particles assembled from natural building blocks for advanced therapies. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:4287-4336. [PMID: 35471996 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00343g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Advanced treatments based on immune system manipulation, gene transcription and regulation, specific organ and cell targeting, and/or photon energy conversion have emerged as promising therapeutic strategies against a range of challenging diseases. Naturally derived macromolecules (e.g., proteins, lipids, polysaccharides, and polyphenols) have increasingly found use as fundamental building blocks for nanostructured particles as their advantageous properties, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, inherent bioactivity, and diverse chemical properties make them suitable for advanced therapeutic applications. This review provides a timely and comprehensive summary of the use of a broad range of natural building blocks in the rapidly developing field of advanced therapeutics with insights specific to nanostructured particles. We focus on an up-to-date overview of the assembly of nanostructured particles using natural building blocks and summarize their key scientific and preclinical milestones for advanced therapies, including adoptive cell therapy, immunotherapy, gene therapy, active targeted drug delivery, photoacoustic therapy and imaging, photothermal therapy, and combinational therapy. A cross-comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of different natural building blocks are highlighted to elucidate the key design principles for such bio-derived nanoparticles toward improving their performance and adoption. Current challenges and future research directions are also discussed, which will accelerate our understanding of designing, engineering, and applying nanostructured particles for advanced therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ju
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia. .,School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Haotian Liao
- BMI Center for Biomass Materials and Nanointerfaces, College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China. .,Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Joseph J Richardson
- Department of Materials Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Junling Guo
- BMI Center for Biomass Materials and Nanointerfaces, College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China. .,Bioproducts Institute, Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Frank Caruso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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22
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Lu M, Wu M, Huang Y, Yao J, Shao Z, Chen X. Animal protein-plant protein composite nanospheres for dual-drug loading and synergistic cancer therapy. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:3798-3807. [PMID: 35416829 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00368f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The co-delivery of multiple drugs using one drug carrier is a viable strategy to optimize drug dosage and reduce the side effects in chemotherapy. Herein, a hydrophilic animal protein (silk fibroin) and a hydrophobic plant protein (zein) were selected for preparing a composite drug carrier. Adapting our previously developed method for the preparation of regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) nanospheres, we prepared RSF/zein nanospheres that displayed an interesting structure including a single central hole. The particle size of the RSF/zein nanospheres was regulated from 150 to 460 nm by varying the preparation conditions, implying that such a drug carrier is suitable for both intravenous administration and lymphatic chemotherapy. Two anti-cancer drugs with different target sites, paclitaxel (PTX) and curcumin (CUR), were selected for the preparation of dual-drug-loaded CUR/PTX@RSF/zein nanospheres. Both drugs achieved a high loading capacity in the RSF/zein nanospheres, i.e., 8.2% for PTX and 12.1% for CUR. Subsequently, the encapsulated PTX and CUR were released from the RSF/zein nanospheres in a sustained manner for at least 7 days. Importantly, these dual-drug-loaded RSF/zein nanospheres exhibited a considerable synergistic therapeutic effect, showing more efficient suppression of in vitro cancer cell growth than free PTX or CUR, a combination of free PTX and CUR, or single-drug-loaded nanospheres. Therefore, the CUR/PTX@RSF/zein nanospheres developed in this study hold great potential for combination chemotherapy in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minqi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yufang Huang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinrong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhengzhong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Madamsetty VS, Tavakol S, Moghassemi S, Dadashzadeh A, Schneible JD, Fatemi I, Shirvani A, Zarrabi A, Azedi F, Dehshahri A, Aghaei Afshar A, Aghaabbasi K, Pardakhty A, Mohammadinejad R, Kesharwani P. Chitosan: A versatile bio-platform for breast cancer theranostics. J Control Release 2021; 341:733-752. [PMID: 34906606 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is considered one of the utmost neoplastic diseases globally, with a high death rate of patients. Over the last decades, many approaches have been studied to early diagnose and treat it, such as chemotherapy, hormone therapy, immunotherapy, and MRI and biomarker tests; do not show the optimal efficacy. These existing approaches are accompanied by severe side effects, thus recognizing these challenges, a great effort has been done to find out the new remedies for breast cancer. Main finding: Nanotechnology opened a new horizon to the treatment of breast cancer. Many nanoparticulate platforms for the diagnosis of involved biomarkers and delivering antineoplastic drugs are under either clinical trials or just approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). It is well known that natural phytochemicals are successfully useful to treat breast cancer because these natural compounds are safer, available, cheaper, and have less toxic effects. Chitosan is a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer. Further, it has outstanding features, like chemical functional groups that can easily modify our interest with an exceptional choice of promising applications. Abundant studies were directed to assess the chitosan derivative-based nanoformulation's abilities in delivering varieties of drugs. However, the role of chitosan in diagnostics and theranostics not be obligated. The present servey will discuss the application of chitosan as an anticancer drug carrier such as tamoxifen, doxorubicin, paclitaxel, docetaxel, etc. and also, its role as a theranostics (i.e. photo-responsive and thermo-responsive) moieties. The therapeutic and theranostic potential of chitosan in cancer is promising and it seems that to have a good potential to get to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Sagar Madamsetty
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Shima Tavakol
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614525, Iran
| | - Saeid Moghassemi
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Arezoo Dadashzadeh
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - John D Schneible
- NC State University, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh 27695, USA
| | - Iman Fatemi
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Abdolsamad Shirvani
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, 34485 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fereshteh Azedi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614525, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | - Ali Dehshahri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abbas Aghaei Afshar
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Kian Aghaabbasi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Guilan, University Campus 2, Khalij Fars Highway 5th km of Ghazvin Road, Rasht, Iran
| | - Abbas Pardakhty
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616911319, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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24
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Nanomedicine in Pancreatic Cancer: Current Status and Future Opportunities for Overcoming Therapy Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246175. [PMID: 34944794 PMCID: PMC8699181 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite access to a vast arsenal of anticancer agents, many fail to realise their full therapeutic potential in clinical practice. One key determinant of this is the evolution of multifaceted resistance mechanisms within the tumour that may either pre-exist or develop during the course of therapy. This is particularly evident in pancreatic cancer, where limited responses to treatment underlie dismal survival rates, highlighting the urgent need for new therapeutic approaches. Here, we discuss the major features of pancreatic tumours that contribute to therapy resistance, and how they may be alleviated through exploitation of the mounting and exciting promise of nanomedicines; a unique collection of nanoscale platforms with tunable and multifunctional capabilities that have already elicited a widespread impact on cancer management. Abstract The development of drug resistance remains one of the greatest clinical oncology challenges that can radically dampen the prospect of achieving complete and durable tumour control. Efforts to mitigate drug resistance are therefore of utmost importance, and nanotechnology is rapidly emerging for its potential to overcome such issues. Studies have showcased the ability of nanomedicines to bypass drug efflux pumps, counteract immune suppression, serve as radioenhancers, correct metabolic disturbances and elicit numerous other effects that collectively alleviate various mechanisms of tumour resistance. Much of this progress can be attributed to the remarkable benefits that nanoparticles offer as drug delivery vehicles, such as improvements in pharmacokinetics, protection against degradation and spatiotemporally controlled release kinetics. These attributes provide scope for precision targeting of drugs to tumours that can enhance sensitivity to treatment and have formed the basis for the successful clinical translation of multiple nanoformulations to date. In this review, we focus on the longstanding reputation of pancreatic cancer as one of the most difficult-to-treat malignancies where resistance plays a dominant role in therapy failure. We outline the mechanisms that contribute to the treatment-refractory nature of these tumours, and how they may be effectively addressed by harnessing the unique capabilities of nanomedicines. Moreover, we include a brief perspective on the likely future direction of nanotechnology in pancreatic cancer, discussing how efforts to develop multidrug formulations will guide the field further towards a therapeutic solution for these highly intractable tumours.
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Al-Mansoori L, Elsinga P, Goda SK. Bio-vehicles of cytotoxic drugs for delivery to tumor specific targets for cancer precision therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112260. [PMID: 34607105 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal structural and molecular changes in malignant tissues were thoroughly investigated and utilized to target tumor cells, hence rescuing normal healthy tissues and lowering the unwanted side effects as non-specific cytotoxicity. Various ligands for cancer cell specific markers have been uncovered and inspected for directional delivery of the anti-cancer drug to the tumor site, in addition to diagnostic applications. Over the past few decades research related to the ligand targeted therapy (LTT) increased tremendously aiming to treat various pathologies, mainly cancers with well exclusive markers. Malignant tumors are known to induce elevated levels of a variety of proteins and peptides known as cancer "markers" as certain antigens (e.g., Prostate specific membrane antigen "PSMA", carcinoembryonic antigen "CEA"), receptors (folate receptor, somatostatin receptor), integrins (Integrin αvβ3) and cluster of differentiation molecules (CD13). The choice of an appropriate marker to be targeted and the design of effective ligand-drug conjugate all has to be carefully selected to generate the required therapeutic effect. Moreover, since some tumors express aberrantly high levels of more than one marker, some approaches investigated targeting cancer cells with more than one ligand (dual or multi targeting). We aim in this review to report an update on the cancer-specific receptors and the vehicles to deliver cytotoxic drugs, including recent advancements on nano delivery systems and their implementation in targeted cancer therapy. We will discuss the advantages and limitations facing this approach and possible solutions to mitigate these obstacles. To achieve the said aim a literature search in electronic data bases (PubMed and others) using keywords "Cancer specific receptors, cancer specific antibody, tumor specific peptide carriers, cancer overexpressed proteins, gold nanotechnology and gold nanoparticles in cancer treatment" was carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Al-Mansoori
- Qatar University, Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
| | - Philip Elsinga
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Sayed K Goda
- Cairo University, Faculty of Science, Giza, Egypt; University of Derby, College of Science and Engineering, Derby, UK.
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Grosso R, de-Paz MV. Thiolated-Polymer-Based Nanoparticles as an Avant-Garde Approach for Anticancer Therapies-Reviewing Thiomers from Chitosan and Hyaluronic Acid. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:854. [PMID: 34201403 PMCID: PMC8227107 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiomers (or thiolated polymers) have broken through as avant-garde approaches in anticancer therapy. Their distinguished reactivity and properties, closely linked to their final applications, justify the extensive research conducted on their preparation and use as smart drug-delivery systems (DDSs). Multiple studies have demonstrated that thiomer-rich nanoformulations can overcome major drawbacks found when administering diverse active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), especially in cancer therapy. This work focuses on providing a complete and concise review of the synthetic tools available to thiolate cationic and anionic polymers, in particular chitosan (CTS) and hyaluronic acid (HA), respectively, drawing attention to the most successful procedures. Their chemical reactivity and most relevant properties regarding their use in anticancer formulations are also discussed. In addition, a variety of NP formation procedures are outlined, as well as their use in cancer therapy, particularly for taxanes and siRNA. It is expected that the current work could clarify the main synthetic strategies available, with their scope and drawbacks, as well as provide some insight into thiomer chemistry. Therefore, this review can inspire new research strategies in the development of efficient formulations for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M.-Violante de-Paz
- Departamento Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;
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Wu Y, Zhong D, Li Y, Wu H, Zhang H, Mao H, Yang J, Luo K, Gong Q, Gu Z. A tumor-activatable peptide supramolecular nanoplatform for the delivery of dual-gene targeted siRNAs for drug-resistant cancer treatment. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:4887-4898. [PMID: 33625408 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08487e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Combinatorial short interference RNA (siRNA) technology for the silencing of multiple genes is expected to provide an effective therapeutic approach for cancer with complex genetic mutation and dysregulation. Herein we present a tumor-activatable supramolecular nanoplatform for the delivery of siRNAs to target telomerase and telomeres for paclitaxel-resistant non-small-cell lung cancer (A549/PTX) treatment. Two different sequences of siRNA are incorporated in a single nanoparticle, which is obtained by self-assembly from a peptide dendrimer. The siRNA stability is improved by the nanoparticle in the presence of serum compared to free siRNA, and these siRNAs are protected from RNA enzyme degradation. In the tumor extracellular acid environment, the PEG corona of the nanoparticle is removed to promote the internalization of siRNAs into tumor cells. The disulfide linkages between the nanoparticle and siRNAs are cleared in the reductive environment of the tumor cells, and the siRNAs are released in the cytoplasm. In vitro experiments show that the gene expression of hTERT and TRF2 at the mRNA and protein levels of A549/PTX tumor cells is down-regulated, which results in cooperative restraining proliferation and invasion of A549/PTX tumor cells. For the tumor cell-targeting function of the MUC1 aptamer and the EPR effect, sufficient tumor accumulation of nanoparticles was observed. Meanwhile, a shift of negative surface charge of nanoparticles to positive charge in the tumor extracellular microenvironment enhances deep penetration of siRNA-incorporating nanoparticles into tumor tissues. In vivo animal studies support that successful down-regulation of hTERT and TRF2 gene expression achieves effective inhibition of the growth and neovascularization of drug-resistant tumor cells. This work has provided a new avenue for drug-resistant cancer treatment by designing and synthesizing a tumor-activatable nanoplatform to achieve the delivery of dual-gene targeted combinatorial siRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Wu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Dan Zhong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Yunkun Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Huayu Wu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Hu Zhang
- Amgen Bioprocessing Centre, Keck Graduate Institute, CA 91711, USA
| | - Hongli Mao
- Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, NJTech-BARTY Joint Research Center for Innovative Medical Technology, Suqian Advanced Materials Industry Technology Innovation Center, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Kui Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Zhongwei Gu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China. and Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, NJTech-BARTY Joint Research Center for Innovative Medical Technology, Suqian Advanced Materials Industry Technology Innovation Center, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
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Liu S, Khan AR, Yang X, Dong B, Ji J, Zhai G. The reversal of chemotherapy-induced multidrug resistance by nanomedicine for cancer therapy. J Control Release 2021; 335:1-20. [PMID: 33991600 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) of cancer is a persistent problem in chemotherapy. Scientists have considered the overexpressed efflux transporters responsible for MDR and chemotherapy failure. MDR extremely limits the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy in cancer treatment. Many strategies have been applied to solve this problem. Multifunctional nanoparticles may be one of the most promising approaches to reverse MDR of tumor. These nanoparticles can keep stability in the blood circulation and selectively accumulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME) either by passive or active targeting. The stimuli-sensitive or organelle-targeting nanoparticles can release the drug at the targeted-site without exposure to normal tissues. In order to better understand reversal of MDR, three main strategies are concluded in this review. First strategy is the synergistic effect of chemotherapeutic drugs and ABC transporter inhibitors. Through directly inhibiting overexpressed ABC transporters, chemotherapeutic drugs can enter into resistant cells without being efflux. Second strategy is based on nanoparticles circumventing over-expressed efflux transporters and directly targeting resistance-related organelles. Third approach is the combination of multiple therapy modes overcoming cancer resistance. At last, numerous researches demonstrated cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) had a deep relation with drug resistance. Here, we discuss two different drug delivery approaches of nanomedicine based on CSC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangui Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Abdur Rauf Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Xiaoye Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Bo Dong
- Department of cardiovascular medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan 250021, PR China
| | - Jianbo Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Guangxi Zhai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China.
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Dong X, Sun Y, Li Y, Ma X, Zhang S, Yuan Y, Kohn J, Liu C, Qian J. Synergistic Combination of Bioactive Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles and the Chemotherapeutic Doxorubicin to Overcome Tumor Multidrug Resistance. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007672. [PMID: 33759364 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the biggest obstacles in cancer chemotherapy. Here, a remarkable reversal of MDR in breast cancer through the synergistic effects of bioactive hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAPNs) and doxorubicin (DOX) is shown. DOX loaded HAPNs (DHAPNs) exhibit a 150-fold reduction in IC50 compared with free DOX for human MDR breast cancer MCF-7/ADR cells, and lead to almost complete inhibition of tumor growth in vivo without obvious side effects of free DOX. This high efficacy and specificity could be attributed to multiple action mechanisms of HAPNs. In addition to acting as the conventional nanocarriers to facilitate the cellular uptake and retention of DOX in MCF-7/ADR cells, more importantly, drug-free HAPNs themselves are able to prevent drug being pumped out of MDR cells through targeting mitochondria to induce mitochondrial damage and inhibit ATP production and to trigger sustained mitochondrial calcium overload and apoptosis in MDR cancer cells while not affecting normal cells. The results demonstrate that this simple but versatile bioactive nanoparticle provides a practical approach to effectively overcome MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Shuiquan Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Joachim Kohn
- New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08855, USA
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Jiangchao Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
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30
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Zhu YX, Jia HR, Duan QY, Wu FG. Nanomedicines for combating multidrug resistance of cancer. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 13:e1715. [PMID: 33860622 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy typically involves the use of specific chemodrugs to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells, but the frequent emergence of a variety of multidrug-resistant cancer cells poses a tremendous threat to our combat against cancer. The fundamental causes of multidrug resistance (MDR) have been studied for decades, and can be generally classified into two types: one is associated with the activation of diverse drug efflux pumps, which are responsible for translocating intracellular drug molecules out of the cells; the other is linked with some non-efflux pump-related mechanisms, such as antiapoptotic defense, enhanced DNA repair ability, and powerful antioxidant systems. To overcome MDR, intense efforts have been made to develop synergistic therapeutic strategies by introducing MDR inhibitors or combining chemotherapy with other therapeutic modalities, such as phototherapy, gene therapy, and gas therapy, in the hope that the drug-resistant cells can be sensitized toward chemotherapeutics. In particular, nanotechnology-based drug delivery platforms have shown the potential to integrate multiple therapeutic agents into one system. In this review, the focus was on the recent development of nanostrategies aiming to enhance the efficiency of chemotherapy and overcome the MDR of cancer in a synergistic manner. Different combinatorial strategies are introduced in detail and the advantages as well as underlying mechanisms of why these strategies can counteract MDR are discussed. This review is expected to shed new light on the design of advanced nanomedicines from the angle of materials and to deepen our understanding of MDR for the development of more effective anticancer strategies. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Xuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao-Ran Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiu-Yi Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fu-Gen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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31
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Ashrafizadeh M, Delfi M, Hashemi F, Zabolian A, Saleki H, Bagherian M, Azami N, Farahani MV, Sharifzadeh SO, Hamzehlou S, Hushmandi K, Makvandi P, Zarrabi A, Hamblin MR, Varma RS. Biomedical application of chitosan-based nanoscale delivery systems: Potential usefulness in siRNA delivery for cancer therapy. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 260:117809. [PMID: 33712155 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy is an emerging and promising strategy in cancer therapy where small interfering RNA (siRNA) system has been deployed for down-regulation of targeted gene and subsequent inhibition in cancer progression; some issues with siRNA, however, linger namely, its off-targeting property and degradation by enzymes. Nanoparticles can be applied for the encapsulation of siRNA thus enhancing its efficacy in gene silencing where chitosan (CS), a linear alkaline polysaccharide derived from chitin, with superb properties such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, stability and solubility, can play a vital role. Herein, the potential of CS nanoparticles has been discussed for the delivery of siRNA in cancer therapy; proliferation, metastasis and chemoresistance are suppressed by siRNA-loaded CS nanoparticles, especially the usage of pH-sensitive CS nanoparticles. CS nanoparticles can provide a platform for the co-delivery of siRNA and anti-tumor agents with their enhanced stability via chemical modifications. As pre-clinical experiments are in agreement with potential of CS-based nanoparticles for siRNA delivery, and these carriers possess biocompatibiliy and are safe, further studies can focus on evaluating their utilization in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey; Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Masoud Delfi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Farid Hashemi
- PhD Student of Pharmacology, Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Saleki
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Bagherian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Azami
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Omid Sharifzadeh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soodeh Hamzehlou
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Centre for Materials Interface, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pontedera 56025, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa.
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Regional Center of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacky University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Wang J, Wu C, Qin X, Huang Y, Zhang J, Chen T, Wang Y, Ding Y, Yao Y. NIR-II light triggered nitric oxide release nanoplatform combined chemo-photothermal therapy for overcoming multidrug resistant cancer. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:1698-1706. [PMID: 33495772 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02626c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in multidrug resistance (MDR) cancer cells increases the efflux of anticancer drugs thereby causing the failure of clinical chemotherapy. To address this obstacle, in this study, we rationally designed a near-infrared (NIR) light-responsive nitric oxide (NO) delivery nanoplatform for targeting the MDR tumors based on core-shell structured nanocomposites. The mesoporous silica shell provided abundant sites for modification of the NO donor, N-diazeniumdiolate, and tumor-targeting molecule, folic acid (FA), and enabled high encapsulation capacity for doxorubicin (DOX) loading. Under NIR light irradiation, the generation of NO gas can efficiently augment chemotherapeutic effects via the inhibition of P-gp expression. Simultaneously, the photothermal conversion agents of the Cu2-xSe core produce a large amount of heat for photothermal therapy (PTT). Finally, this combinational gas/chemo/PTT not only displays a superior and synergistic effect for overcoming MDR cancer, but also provides an efficient strategy to construct a multifunctional nano-drug delivery system with diversified therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China.
| | - Canchen Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China.
| | - Xiru Qin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China.
| | - Youyou Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China.
| | - Jianan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China.
| | - Tingting Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China.
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China.
| | - Yue Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China.
| | - Yong Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China.
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Anbazhagan R, Muthusamy G, Krishnamoorthi R, Kumaresan S, Rajendra Prasad N, Lai JY, Yang JM, Tsai HC. PAMAM G4.5 dendrimers for targeted delivery of ferulic acid and paclitaxel to overcome P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 118:1213-1223. [PMID: 33289076 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we prepared ferulic acid (FA) and paclitaxel (PTX) co-loaded polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers conjugated with arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid (RGD) to overcome P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR). FA was released in greater extent (80%) from the outer layer of the dendrimers compared with PTX (70%) from the interior of the dendrimers. FA improved intracellular availability of PTX via P-gp modulation in drug-resistant cells. In vitro drug uptake data show higher PTX delivery with RGD-PAMAM-FP than with PAMAM-FP in drug resistant KB CH-R 8-5 cell lines. This indicates that RGD facilitates intracellular PTX accumulation through active targeting in multidrug-resistant KB CH-R 8-5 cells. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase 2'-deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate nick-end labeling assay data and membrane potential analysis in mitochondria confirm the enhanced anticancer potential of RGD-PAMAM-FP nanoaggregates in drug-resistant cells. We also confirmed by the increased protein levels of proapoptotic factors such as caspase 3, caspase 9, p53, and Bax after treatment with RGD-PAMAM-FP nanoaggregates and also downregulates antiapoptotic factors. Hence, FA-PTX co-loaded, RGD-functionalized PAMAM G4.5 dendrimers may be considered as an effective therapeutic strategy to induce apoptosis in P-gp-overexpressing, multidrug-resistant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshkumar Anbazhagan
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Advanced Membrane Materials Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ganesan Muthusamy
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajakumari Krishnamoorthi
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Advanced Membrane Materials Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Swedha Kumaresan
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Chemistry, Women's Christian College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nagarajan Rajendra Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Juin-Yih Lai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Advanced Membrane Materials Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jen-Ming Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of General Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsieh-Chih Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Advanced Membrane Materials Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC
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Ryu JH, Yoon HY, Sun IC, Kwon IC, Kim K. Tumor-Targeting Glycol Chitosan Nanoparticles for Cancer Heterogeneity. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2002197. [PMID: 33051905 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicine is extensively employed for cancer treatment owing to its unique advantages over conventional drugs and imaging agents. This increased attention to nanomedicine, however, has not fully translated into clinical utilization and patient benefits due to issues associated with reticuloendothelial system clearance, tumor heterogeneity, and complexity of the tumor microenvironment. To address these challenges, efforts are being made to modify the design of nanomedicines, including optimization of their physiochemical properties, active targeting, and response to stimuli, but these studies are often performed independently. Combining favorable nanomedicine designs from individual studies may improve therapeutic outcomes, but, this is difficult to achieve as the effects of different designs are interconnected and often conflicting. Glycol chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) are shown to accumulate in tumors, suggesting that this type of nanoparticle may constitute a good basis for the additional modification of nanoparticles. Here, multifunctional glycol CNPs designed to overcome multiple obstacles to their use are described and key factors influencing in vivo targeted delivery, targeting strategies, and interesting stimulus-responsive designs for improving cancer nanomedicine are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hee Ryu
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Yeol Yoon
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Cheol Sun
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Ick Chan Kwon
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Kwangmeyung Kim
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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Caprifico AE, Polycarpou E, Foot PJS, Calabrese G. Biomedical and Pharmacological Uses of Fluorescein Isothiocyanate Chitosan-Based Nanocarriers. Macromol Biosci 2020; 21:e2000312. [PMID: 33016007 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan-based nanocarriers (ChNCs) are considered suitable drug carriers due to their ability to encapsulate a variety of drugs and cross biological barriers to deliver the cargo to their target site. Fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled chitosan-based NCs (FITC@ChNCs) are used extensively in biomedical and pharmacological applications. The main advantage of using FITC@ChNCs consists of the ability to track their fate both intra and extracellularly. This journey is strictly dependent on the physico-chemical properties of the carrier and the cell types under investigation. Other applications make use of fluorescent ChNCs in cell labeling for the detection of disorders in vivo and controlling of living cells in situ. This review describes the use of FITC@ChNCs in the various applications with a focus on understanding their usefulness in labeled drug-delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Caprifico
- A. E. Caprifico, Dr. E. Polycarpou, Prof. P. J. S. Foot, Dr. G. Calabrese, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Penrhyn Road, Kingston upon Thames, KT1 2EE, UK
| | - Elena Polycarpou
- A. E. Caprifico, Dr. E. Polycarpou, Prof. P. J. S. Foot, Dr. G. Calabrese, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Penrhyn Road, Kingston upon Thames, KT1 2EE, UK
| | - Peter J S Foot
- A. E. Caprifico, Dr. E. Polycarpou, Prof. P. J. S. Foot, Dr. G. Calabrese, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Penrhyn Road, Kingston upon Thames, KT1 2EE, UK
| | - Gianpiero Calabrese
- A. E. Caprifico, Dr. E. Polycarpou, Prof. P. J. S. Foot, Dr. G. Calabrese, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Penrhyn Road, Kingston upon Thames, KT1 2EE, UK
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Kolonko AK, Efing J, González-Espinosa Y, Bangel-Ruland N, van Driessche W, Goycoolea FM, Weber WM. Capsaicin-Loaded Chitosan Nanocapsules for wtCFTR-mRNA Delivery to a Cystic Fibrosis Cell Line. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8090364. [PMID: 32962254 PMCID: PMC7554911 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8090364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF), a lethal hereditary disease caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene coding for an epithelial chloride channel, is characterized by an imbalanced homeostasis of ion and water transports in secretory epithelia. As the disease is single-gene based, transcript therapy using therapeutic mRNA is a promising concept of treatment in order to correct many aspects of the fatal pathology on a cellular level. Hence, we developed chitosan nanocapsules surface-loaded with wtCFTR-mRNA to restore CFTR function. Furthermore, we loaded the nanocapsules with capsaicin, aiming to enhance the overall efficiency of transcript therapy by reducing sodium hyperabsorption by the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). Dynamic light scattering with non-invasive back scattering (DLS-NIBS) revealed nanocapsules with an average hydrodynamic diameter of ~200 nm and a Zeta potential of ~+60 mV. The results of DLS-NIBS measurements were confirmed by asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) with multidetection, while transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images confirmed the spherical morphology and size range. After stability measurements showed that the nanocapsules were highly stable in cell culture transfection medium, and cytotoxicity was ruled out, transfection experiments were performed with the CF cell line CFBE41o-. Finally, transepithelial measurements with a new state-of-the-art Ussing chamber confirmed successfully restored CFTR function in transfected cells. This study demonstrates that CS nanocapsules as a natural and non-toxic delivery system for mRNA to target cells could effectively replace risky vectors for gene delivery. The nanocapsules are not only suitable as a transcript therapy for treatment of CF, but open aspiring possibilities for safe gene delivery in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Katharina Kolonko
- Institute of Animal Physiology, University of Muenster, Schlossplatz 8, 48143 Muenster, Germany; (J.E.); (N.B.-R.); (W.-M.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-251-8321784
| | - Janes Efing
- Institute of Animal Physiology, University of Muenster, Schlossplatz 8, 48143 Muenster, Germany; (J.E.); (N.B.-R.); (W.-M.W.)
| | - Yadira González-Espinosa
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (Y.G.-E.); (F.M.G.)
| | - Nadine Bangel-Ruland
- Institute of Animal Physiology, University of Muenster, Schlossplatz 8, 48143 Muenster, Germany; (J.E.); (N.B.-R.); (W.-M.W.)
| | | | - Francisco M. Goycoolea
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (Y.G.-E.); (F.M.G.)
| | - Wolf-Michael Weber
- Institute of Animal Physiology, University of Muenster, Schlossplatz 8, 48143 Muenster, Germany; (J.E.); (N.B.-R.); (W.-M.W.)
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Jiang Y, Wang Z, Duan W, Liu L, Si M, Chen X, Fang CJ. The critical size of gold nanoparticles for overcoming P-gp mediated multidrug resistance. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:16451-16461. [PMID: 32790812 PMCID: PMC7430045 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03226c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) remains a huge obstacle during cancer treatment. One of the most studied MDR mechanisms is P-glycoprotein (P-gp) mediated drug efflux. Based on the three-dimensional structural characteristics of P-gp, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with average sizes of 4.1 nm and 5.4 nm were designed for the construction of nanodrug delivery systems (NanoDDSs), with the anticancer molecules 2-(9-anthracenylmethylene)-hydrazinecarbothioamide (ANS) and 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) modified on the AuNP surfaces through the thiol group. In vitro cytotoxicity results suggested that the larger sized AuNPs can effectively decrease the drug resistance index of MCF-7/ADR cells to ∼2. Verapamil and P-gp antibody competitive experiments, combined with the cellular uptake of AuNPs, indicated that larger NanoDDSs were more conducive to intracellular drug accumulation and thus had improved anticancer activities, due to a size mismatch between the nanoparticles and the active site of P-gp, and, therefore, reduced drug efflux was seen. Measurements of ATPase activity and intracellular ATP levels indicated that the larger nanoparticles do not bind well to P-gp, thus avoiding effective recognition by P-gp. This was further evidenced by the observation that 4.1 nm and 5.4 nm NanoDDS-treated MCF-7/ADR cells showed remarkable differences in energy-related metabolic pathways. Therefore, the critical size of AuNPs for overcoming MDR was identified to be between 4.1 nm and 5.4 nm. This provides a more accurate description of the composite dimension requirements for NanoDDSs that are designed to overcome MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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Zhu YX, Jia HR, Duan QY, Liu X, Yang J, Liu Y, Wu FG. Photosensitizer-Doped and Plasma Membrane-Responsive Liposomes for Nuclear Drug Delivery and Multidrug Resistance Reversal. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:36882-36894. [PMID: 32666795 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Clinically approved doxorubicin (Dox)-loaded liposomes (e.g., Doxil) guarantee good biosafety, but their insufficient nuclear delivery of Dox (<0.4%) after cellular uptake significantly hampers their final anticancer efficacy. Here, we report that simply doping protoporphyrin IX (PpIX, a commonly used hydrophobic photosensitizer) into the lipid bilayers of Dox-loaded liposomes (the resultant product is termed PpIX/Dox liposomes) is a feasible way to promote the nuclear delivery of Dox. This facile strategy relies on a unique property of PpIX-it presents considerably higher affinity for the real plasma membrane over its liposomal carrier, which drives the doped PpIX molecules to detach from the liposomes when encountering cancer cells. We demonstrate that this process can trigger the efficient release of the loaded Dox molecules and allow them to enter the nuclei of MCF-7 breast cancer cells without being trapped by lysosomes. Regarding the drug-resistant MCF-7/ADR cells, the aberrant activation of the efflux pumps in the plasma membranes expels the internalized Dox. However, we strikingly find that the robust drug resistance can be reversed upon mild laser irradiation because the photodynamic effect of PpIX disrupts the drug efflux system (e.g., P-glycoprotein) and facilitates the nuclear entry of Dox. As a proof-of-concept, this PpIX doping strategy is also applicable for enhancing the effectiveness of cisplatin-loaded liposomes against both A549 and A549/DDP lung cancer cells. In vivo experimental results prove that a single injection of PpIX/Dox liposomes completely impedes the growth of MCF-7 tumors in nude mice within 2 weeks and, in combination with laser irradiation, can synergistically ablate MCF-7/ADR tumors. Biosafety assessments reveal no significant systemic toxicity caused by PpIX/Dox liposomes. This work exemplifies a facile method to modulate the subcellular fate of liposomal drugs and may inspire the optimization of nanopharmaceuticals in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Xuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Ran Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China
| | - Qiu-Yi Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Gen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China
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Transport Oligonucleotides-A Novel System for Intracellular Delivery of Antisense Therapeutics. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163663. [PMID: 32796768 PMCID: PMC7464317 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological activity of antisense oligonucleotides (asON), especially those with a neutral backbone, is often attenuated by poor cellular accumulation. In the present proof-of-concept study, we propose a novel delivery system for asONs which implies the delivery of modified antisense oligonucleotides by so-called transport oligonucleotides (tON), which are oligodeoxyribonucleotides complementary to asON conjugated with hydrophobic dodecyl moieties. Two types of tONs, bearing at the 5′-end up to three dodecyl residues attached through non-nucleotide inserts (TD series) or anchored directly to internucleotidic phosphate (TP series), were synthesized. tONs with three dodecyl residues efficiently delivered asON to cells without any signs of cytotoxicity and provided a transfection efficacy comparable to that achieved using Lipofectamine 2000. We found that, in the case of tON with three dodecyl residues, some tON/asON duplexes were excreted from the cells within extracellular vesicles at late stages of transfection. We confirmed the high efficacy of the novel and demonstrated that MDR1 mRNA targeted asON delivered by tON with three dodecyl residues significantly reduced the level of P-glycoprotein and increased the sensitivity of KB-8-5 human carcinoma cells to vinblastine. The obtained results demonstrate the efficacy of lipophilic oligonucleotide carriers and shows they are potentially capable of intracellular delivery of any kind of antisense oligonucleotides.
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Federer C, Kurpiers M, Bernkop-Schnürch A. Thiolated Chitosans: A Multi-talented Class of Polymers for Various Applications. Biomacromolecules 2020; 22:24-56. [PMID: 32567846 PMCID: PMC7805012 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Various properties of chitosan can be customized by thiolation for very specific needs in a wide range of application areas. Since the discovery of thiolated chitosans, many studies have proven their advantageous characteristics, such as adhesion to biological surfaces, adjustable cross-linking and swelling behavior, controllable drug release, permeation as well as cellular uptake enhancement, inhibition of efflux pumps and enzymes, complexation of metal ions, antioxidative properties, and radical scavenging activity. Simultaneously, these polymers remain biodegradable without increased toxicity. Within this Review, an overview about the different possibilities to covalently attach sulfhydryl ligands to the polymeric backbone of chitosan is given, and the resulting versatile physiochemical properties are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the broad spectrum of applications for thiolated chitosans in science and industry, ranging from their most advanced use in pharmaceutical and medical science over wastewater treatment to the impregnation of textiles, is addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Federer
- Thiomatrix Forschungs-und Beratungs GmbH, Trientlgasse 65, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus Kurpiers
- Thiomatrix Forschungs-und Beratungs GmbH, Trientlgasse 65, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Li Y, Xu X. Nanomedicine solutions to intricate physiological-pathological barriers and molecular mechanisms of tumor multidrug resistance. J Control Release 2020; 323:483-501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Sengupta P, Mondal P, Mukherjee S, Chanda S, Bose A. Rutin- serum albumin interaction in different media and its effective dose selection in radiation-induced cytotoxicity on human blood cells. J Herb Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2019.100322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Zhang Q, Zhang H, Ning T, Liu D, Deng T, Liu R, Bai M, Zhu K, Li J, Fan Q, Ying G, Ba Y. Exosome-Delivered c-Met siRNA Could Reverse Chemoresistance to Cisplatin in Gastric Cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:2323-2335. [PMID: 32308384 PMCID: PMC7133545 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s231214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Drug resistance often occurs in the treatment of gastric cancer, which is the main cause of poor prognosis of chemotherapy. c-Met is overexpressed in a variety of tumors including gastric cancer, often leads to poor prognosis of gastric cancer, therefore regarded as a key target for the treatment of gastric cancer. This study aims to determine whether exosomes with si-c-Met could inhibit the resistance to cisplatin in gastric cancer (GC). Methods The protein expression levels of c-Met in tumor tissues and normal tissues of patients were evaluated by Western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC), HEK293T cells were transfected with si-c-Met, exosomes were isolated, then co-cultured with gastric cancer cell lines and confirmed that it was incorporated into the cells by transmitted electron microscopy. Functional experiments were performed to examine the inhibitory effect of exo-si-c-Met on gastric cancer cell resistance in vitro, and xenograft models were used to reveal that exo-si-c-Met can enhance the sensitivity of tumors to cisplatin in vivo. Results High expression of c-Met is associated with poor prognosis of GC patients. si-c-Met significantly inhibited migration, invasion and promoted apoptosis in vitro, which indicated that si-c-Met sensitizes the response of gastric cancer cells to cisplatin. Exo-si-c-Met sharply reduced c-Met expression in gastric cancer cells and reverse the resistance to cisplatin in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion Our results indicate that exo-si-c-Met can inhibit the invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells and promote apoptosis in vitro and inhibit tumor growth in vivo, reversing the resistance to cisplatin in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumo Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Ning
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongying Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Deng
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Bai
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Kegan Zhu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialu Li
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease; Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine Renji Hospital, Shanghai 200001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Fan
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoguang Ying
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Ba
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
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Yin T, Liu Y, Yang M, Wang L, Zhou J, Huo M. Novel Chitosan Derivatives with Reversible Cationization and Hydrophobicization for Tumor Cytoplasm-Specific Burst Co-delivery of siRNA and Chemotherapeutics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:14770-14783. [PMID: 32149497 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite the great potential of combination therapy based on siRNA and chemotherapeutics, an efficient vehicle with abilities of well drug co-loading, synchronizing in vivo trafficking, and target-specific co-burst release remains elusive, which results in a suboptimal synergistic potency. Herein, a novel chitosan amphiphile (PEI-ss-HECS-ss-OA, HSPO) with glutathione (GSH)-reversible cationization and hydrophobicization by polyethylenimine (PEI) and octylamine (OA), respectively, was developed for this purpose. HSPO spontaneously assembled in aqueous solution to be a micellar system and effectively co-encapsulated the two drugs with an adjustable dosage ratio. With a surface charge inversion strategy by hyaluronic acid (HA) coating, the HA(HSPO) co-delivery micelles with a negative surface charge (-21.45 ± 1.44 mV) and suitable size (192.52 ± 7.41 nm) selectively accumulated into CD44 overexpressed A549 tumors through a combination of passive and active targeting mechanism. Then, tumor cytoplasm-selective co-burst release was obtained through GSH triggered collapse of the amphiphilic assembly alongside a decrease of positive charge condensation, finally leading to an enhanced synergistic antitumor effect with a superior inhibition ratio of 86.63%. Overall, this study validated the great promise of HSPO as an efficient site-specific rapid co-trafficking vehicle of siRNA and chemotherapeutics for a remarkable synergistic tumor inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingjie Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yanqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mengnan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Huaxi university town, Guian new district 550025 Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Meirong Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
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Wu D, Zhu L, Li Y, Zhang X, Xu S, Yang G, Delair T. Chitosan-based Colloidal Polyelectrolyte Complexes for Drug Delivery: A Review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 238:116126. [PMID: 32299572 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) as safe drug delivery carriers, are spontaneously formed by mixing the oppositely charged polyelectrolyte solutions in water without using organic solvents nor chemical cross-linker or surfactant. Intensifying attentions on the PECs study are aroused in academia and industry since the fabrication process of PECs is mild and they are ideal vectors for the delivery of susceptible drugs and macromolecules. Chitosan as the unique natural cationic polysaccharide, is a good bioadhesive material. Besides, due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, abundant availability and hydrophilic nature, chitosan-based PECs have been extensively applied for drug delivery, particularly after administration through mucosal and parenteral routes. The purpose of this review is to compile the recent advances on the biomedical applications of chitosan-based PECs, with specific focuses on the mucosal delivery, cancer therapy, gene delivery and anti-HIV therapy. The challenges and the perspectives of the chitosan-based PECs are briefly commented as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danjun Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Lixi Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yi Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xueling Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Shumin Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Gensheng Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Thierry Delair
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, UMR CNRS 5223, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 15 Bd. André Latarjet, 69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
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Pan Q, Nie C, Hu Y, Yi J, Liu C, Zhang J, He M, He M, Chen T, Chu X. Aptamer-Functionalized DNA Origami for Targeted Codelivery of Antisense Oligonucleotides and Doxorubicin to Enhance Therapy in Drug-Resistant Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:400-409. [PMID: 31815420 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance is a major obstacle to the efficient therapy of drug-resistant cancer. To overcome this problem, we constructed a multifunctional DNA origami-based nanocarrier for codelivery of a chemotherapeutic drug (doxorubicin, Dox) and two different antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs; B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp)) into drug-resistant cancer cells for enhanced therapy. To increase the targeting ability of origami, staple strands with 5'-end extended MUC1 sequences were used in the preparation of aptamer-functionalized origami carrying ASOs (Apt-origami-ASO). Dox-loaded Apt-origami-ASO (Apt-Dox-origami-ASO) was prepared by electrostatic adsorption of Dox in origami. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) images demonstrated the successful preparation of Apt-origami-ASO. In vitro studies showed that the Apt-Dox-origami-ASO (Apt-DOA) could controllably release Dox in pH 5.0 phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer and release ASOs in response to glutathione. Further experiments revealed that the origami could protect ASOs against nuclease degradation in 10% FBS. Confocal imaging showed that the Apt-DOA nanocarrier could efficiently enter the Hela/adriamycin (ADR) cells and escape from lysosomes for codelivery of Dox and ASOs into the cytoplasm. The quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot assays testified the efficient silencing of Bcl2 and P-gp mRNA and downregulation of the corresponding protein expressions by Apt-DOA in Hela/ADR cells. Moreover, with the synergetic effect by codelivery of multi-ASOs and Dox, the anticancer assay showed that Apt-DOA could circumvent multidrug resistance and significantly enhance cancer therapy in Hela/ADR and MCF-7/ADR cells. Hence, this multifunctional origami-based codelivery nanocarrier presents a new strategy for efficient therapy of drug-resistant cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
- College of Science , Honghe University , Mengzi 661199 , P. R. China
| | - Cunpeng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Yanlei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Jintao Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Juan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Manman He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Mengyun He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Tingting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Xia Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
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Sharma A, Kumar P, Ambasta RK. Cancer Fighting SiRNA-RRM2 Loaded Nanorobots. Pharm Nanotechnol 2020; 8:79-90. [PMID: 32003677 DOI: 10.2174/2211738508666200128120142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silencing of several genes is critical for cancer therapy. These genes may be apoptotic gene, cell proliferation gene, DNA synthesis gene, etc. The two subunits of Ribonucleotide Reductase (RR), RRM1 and RRM2, are critical for DNA synthesis. Hence, targeting the blockage of DNA synthesis at tumor site can be a smart mode of cancer therapy. Specific targeting of blockage of RRM2 is done effectively by SiRNA. The drawbacks of siRNA delivery in the body include the poor uptake by all kinds of cells, questionable stability under physiological condition, non-target effect and ability to trigger the immune response. These obstacles may be overcome by target delivery of siRNA at the tumor site. This review presents a holistic overview regarding the role of RRM2 in controlling cancer progression. The nanoparticles are more effective due to specific characteristics like cell membrane penetration capacity, less toxicity, etc. RRM2 have been found to be elevated in different types of cancer and identified as the prognostic and predictive marker of the disease. Reductase RRM1 and RRM2 regulate the protein and gene expression of E2F, which is critical for protein expression and progression of cell cycle and cancer. The knockdown of RRM2 leads to apoptosis via Bcl2 in cancer. Both Bcl2 and E2F are critical in the progression of cancer, hence a gene that can affect both in regulating DNA replication is essential for cancer therapy. AIM The aim of the review is to identify the related gene whose silencing may inhibit cancer progression. CONCLUSION In this review, we illuminate the critical link between RRM-E2F, RRM-Bcl2, RRM-HDAC for the therapy of cancer. Altogether, this review presents an overview of all types of SiRNA targeted for cancer therapy with special emphasis on RRM2 for controlling the tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Sharma
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, TN, India
- Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, United States
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Functional Genomics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, DTU, Delhi, India
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Functional Genomics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, DTU, Delhi, India
- CSIR Scientific Pool Officer, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
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Bartoszewski R, Sikorski AF. Editorial focus: understanding off-target effects as the key to successful RNAi therapy. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2019; 24:69. [PMID: 31867046 PMCID: PMC6902517 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-019-0196-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With the first RNA interference (RNAi) drug (ONPATTRO (patisiran)) on the market, we witness the RNAi therapy field reaching a critical turning point, when further improvements in drug candidate design and delivery pipelines should enable fast delivery of novel life changing treatments to patients. Nevertheless, ignoring parallel development of RNAi dedicated in vitro pharmacological profiling aiming to identify undesirable off-target activity may slow down or halt progress in the RNAi field. Since academic research is currently fueling the RNAi development pipeline with new therapeutic options, the objective of this article is to briefly summarize the basics of RNAi therapy, as well as to discuss how to translate basic research into better understanding of related drug candidate safety profiles early in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Bartoszewski
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aleksander F. Sikorski
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
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Lin F, Jia HR, Wu FG. Glycol Chitosan: A Water-Soluble Polymer for Cell Imaging and Drug Delivery. Molecules 2019; 24:E4371. [PMID: 31795385 PMCID: PMC6930495 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycol chitosan (GC), a water-soluble chitosan derivative with hydrophilic ethylene glycol branches, has both hydrophobic segments for the encapsulation of various drugs and reactive functional groups for facile chemical modifications. Over the past two decades, a variety of molecules have been physically encapsulated within or chemically conjugated with GC and its derivatives to construct a wide range of functional biomaterials. This review summarizes the recent advances of GC-based materials in cell surface labeling, multimodal tumor imaging, and encapsulation and delivery of drugs (including chemotherapeutics, photosensitizers, nucleic acids, and antimicrobial agents) for combating cancers and microbial infections. Besides, different strategies for GC modifications are also highlighted with the aim to shed light on how to endow GC and its derivatives with desirable properties for therapeutic purposes. In addition, we discuss both the promises and challenges of the GC-derived biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fu-Gen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; (F.L.); (H.-R.J.)
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Yang L, Li D, Tang P, Zuo Y. Curcumin increases the sensitivity of K562/DOX cells to doxorubicin by targeting S100 calcium-binding protein A8 and P-glycoprotein. Oncol Lett 2019; 19:83-92. [PMID: 31897118 PMCID: PMC6924120 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of multidrug resistance (MDR) has seriously impeded the efficacy of drug treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Recent studies have indicated that S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (S100A8) is associated with the occurrence and development of MDR. Traditional Chinese medicine may provide drugs with the potential to be used as multidrug resistance reversal agents with low toxicity and multi-target characteristics. The present study selected K562/DOX cells, a CML drug-resistant cell line, as a research model, and aimed to examine whether curcumin was able to reverse the resistance to doxorubicin (DOX), and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. An MTT cytotoxicity assay indicated that curcumin at 0.5–2 µM reversed DOX resistance with a reversal index of 1.3–9.3. Western blot analysis revealed that curcumin treatment caused a downregulation of the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and S100A8 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. To study the internal association between S100A8 and P-gp, and the S100A8 role in drug resistance reversal, an RNA knockdown assay was conducted; however, S100A8 did not regulate the expression of P-gp or vice versa. After inhibiting the expression of S100A8 with specific small interfering RNA (si-S100A8), the sensitivity of K562/DOX cells to DOX was enhanced. In addition, si-S100A8 did not increase the intracellular accumulation of DOX, but increased the intracellular free calcium ion content, and the expression and activity of apoptosis-associated proteins, thereby inducing apoptosis. In conclusion, the present study suggested that inhibition of S100A8 expression increased DOX-induced apoptosis, and curcumin acted independently on S100A8 and P-gp to exert its drug resistance reversal effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Center for Post-doctoral Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Duo Li
- College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Peiyan Tang
- College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Yunfei Zuo
- Center for Post-doctoral Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
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