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Liu Y, Zhang J, Wu C, Lai Y, Fan H, Wang Q, Lin Z, Chen J, Zhao X, Jiang X. Nanoplatform based on carbon nanoparticles loaded with doxorubicin enhances apoptosis by generating reactive oxygen species for effective cancer therapy. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:288. [PMID: 38736745 PMCID: PMC11083999 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
At present, due to its wide application and relatively low cost, chemotherapy remains a clinically important cancer treatment option; however, a number of chemotherapeutic drugs have important limitations, such as lack of specificity, high toxicity and side effects, and multi-drug resistance. The emergence of nanocarriers has removed numerous clinical application limitations of certain antitumor chemotherapy drugs and has been widely used in the treatment of tumors with nanodrugs. The present study used carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) as a nanocarrier for doxorubicin (DOX) to form the novel nanomedicine delivery system (CNPs@DOX)was demonstrated by UV-vis and fluorescence spectrophotometry, ζ potential and TEM characterization experiments. The results confirmed the successful preparation of CNPs@DOX nanoparticles with a particle size of 96±17 nm, a wide range of absorption and a negatively charged surface. Furthermore, CNPs@DOX produced more reactive oxygen species and induced apoptosis, and thus exhibited higher cytotoxicity than DOX, which is a small molecule anticancer drug without a nanocarrier delivery system.. The present study provides a strategy for the treatment of tumors with nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang, Guangdong 529500, P.R. China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang, Guangdong 529500, P.R. China
| | - Chunying Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang, Guangdong 529500, P.R. China
| | - Yigui Lai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang, Guangdong 529500, P.R. China
| | - Huijie Fan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang, Guangdong 529500, P.R. China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang, Guangdong 529500, P.R. China
| | - Zhaolin Lin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang, Guangdong 529500, P.R. China
| | - Jishang Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang, Guangdong 529500, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang, Guangdong 529500, P.R. China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Xuefeng Jiang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang, Guangdong 529500, P.R. China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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Mochizuki K, Mitova V, Makino K, Terada H, Takeuchi I, Troev K. pH-Sensitive Amphiphilic Diblock Polyphosphoesters with Lactate Units: Synthesis and Application as Drug Carriers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4518. [PMID: 38674103 PMCID: PMC11049995 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
pH-sensitive amphiphilic diblock polyphosphoesters containing lactic acid units were synthesized by multistep one-pot polycondensation reactions. They comprise acid-labile P(O)-O-C and C(O)-O-C bonds, the cleavage of which depends on the pH of the medium. The structure of these copolymers was characterized by 1H, 13C {H}, 31P NMR, and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The newly synthesized polymers self-assembled into the micellar structure in an aqueous solution. The effects of the molecular weight of the copolymer and the length of the hydrophobic chain on micelle formation and stabilityand micelle size were studied via dynamic light scattering (DLS). Drug loading and encapsulation efficiency tests using doxorubicin revealed that hydrophobic drugs can be delivered by copolymers. It was established that the molecular weight of the copolymer, length of the hydrophobic chain and content of lactate units affects the size of the micelles, drug loading, and efficiency of encapsulation. A copolymer with 10.7% lactate content has drug loading (3.2 ± 0.3) and efficiency of encapsulation (57.4 ± 3.2), compared to the same copolymer with 41.8% lactate content (1.63%) and (45.8%), respectively. It was demonstrated that the poly[alkylpoly(ethylene glycol) phosphate-b-alkylpoly(ethylene glycol)lactate phosphate] DOX system has a pH-sensitive response capability in the result in which DOX was selectively accumulated into the tumor, where pH is acidic. The results obtained indicate that amphiphilic diblock polyphosphoesters have potential as drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasumi Mochizuki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan; (K.M.); (K.M.); (H.T.); (I.T.)
| | - Violeta Mitova
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Kimiko Makino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan; (K.M.); (K.M.); (H.T.); (I.T.)
| | - Hiroshi Terada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan; (K.M.); (K.M.); (H.T.); (I.T.)
| | - Issei Takeuchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan; (K.M.); (K.M.); (H.T.); (I.T.)
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Josai International University, 1 Gumyo, Togane 283-8555, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kolio Troev
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan; (K.M.); (K.M.); (H.T.); (I.T.)
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
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Liu S, Xu M, Zhong L, Tong X, Qian S. Recent Advances in Nanobiotechnology for the Treatment of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:895-907. [PMID: 37724679 DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230915103121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Lymphoma is the eighth most common type of cancer worldwide. Currently, lymphoma is mainly classified into two main groups: Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), with NHL accounting for 80% to 90% of the cases. NHL is primarily divided into B, T, and natural killer (NK) cell lymphoma. Nanotechnology is developing rapidly and has made significant contributions to the field of medicine. This review summarizes the advancements of nanobiotechnology in recent years and its applications in the treatment of NHL, especially in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), and follicular lymphoma (FL). The technologies discussed include clinical imaging, targeted drug delivery, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and thermodynamic therapy (TDT) for lymphoma. This review aims to provide a better understanding of the use of nanotechnology in the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Minghao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Lei Zhong
- Tongxiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangmin Tong
- Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Suying Qian
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, China
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Mi X, Lou Y, Wang Y, Dong M, Xue H, Li S, Lu J, Chen X. Glycyrrhetinic Acid Receptor-Mediated Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 Loaded Doxorubicin as a Nanotherapeutic System for Liver Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2023; 28:8131. [PMID: 38138618 PMCID: PMC10745904 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we designed and developed a DOX nanodrug delivery system (PEG-GA@ZIF-8@DOX) using ZIF-8 as the carrier and glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) as the targeting ligand. We confirmed that DOX was loaded and PEG-GA was successfully modified on the surface of the nanoparticles. The in vitro release profile of the system was investigated at pH 5.0 and 7.4. The cellular uptake, in vitro cytotoxicity, and lysosomal escape characteristics were examined using HepG2 cells. We established an H22 tumor-bearing mouse model and evaluated the in vivo antitumor activity. The results showed that the system had a uniform nanomorphology. The drug loading capacity was 11.22 ± 0.87%. In acidic conditions (pH 5.0), the final release rate of DOX was 57.73%, while at pH 7.4, it was 25.12%. GA-mediated targeting facilitated the uptake of DOX by the HepG2 cells. PEG-GA@ZIF-8@DOX could escape from the lysosomes and release the drug in the cytoplasm, thus exerting its antitumor effect. When the in vivo efficacy was analyzed, we found that the tumor inhibition rate of PEG-GA@ZIF-8@DOX was 67.64%; it also alleviated the loss of the body weight of the treated mice. This drug delivery system significantly enhanced the antitumor effect of doxorubicin in vitro and in vivo, while mitigating its toxic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Juan Lu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (X.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (M.D.); (H.X.); (S.L.)
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (X.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (M.D.); (H.X.); (S.L.)
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Veryutin DA, Doroshenko IA, Martynova EA, Sapozhnikova KA, Svirshchevskaya EV, Shibaeva AV, Markova AA, Chistov AA, Borisova NE, Shuvalov MV, Korshun VA, Alferova VA, Podrugina TA. Probing tricarbocyanine dyes for targeted delivery of anthracyclines. Biochimie 2023; 206:12-23. [PMID: 36179940 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Along with bright fluorescence in the near-IR range, heptamethine carbocyanine dyes possess affinity to cancer cells. Thus, these dyes could be utilized as fluorescent labels and vectors for drug delivery as covalent conjugates with cytotoxic compounds. To test the properties, structure-activity relationship, and scope of such conjugates, we synthesized drug-dye dyads of tricarbocyanine dyes with anthracycline drug daunorubicin. We used hydrophilic zwitterionic and hydrophobic positively charged benzoindoline-benzothiazole-based heptamethine dyes as terminal alkyne derivatives and N-acylated or oxime-linked daunorubicin as azido-derivatives. These two alkynes and two azides were coupled to each other by Cu-catalyzed Huisgen-Meldal-Sharpless cycloaddition (click reaction) to afford four conjugates. Molecules based on hydrophobic dyes possess submicromolar cytotoxicity to HCT116 cells. Cytotoxicity, cell penetration, intracellular distribution, apoptosis induction and the effect of antioxidants on toxicity were evaluated. The results show that the structure of the cyanine-anthracycline conjugate (hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, charge, linker, attachment site) is important for its biological activity, thus, expansion of the chemical space of such conjugates could provide new molecular research tools for diagnostics and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A Veryutin
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, Moscow, Russia; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina A Doroshenko
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | - Alina A Markova
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Moscow, Russia; Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A Chistov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalya E Borisova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim V Shuvalov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Korshun
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, Moscow, Russia; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vera A Alferova
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, Moscow, Russia; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.
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Bariana M, Zhang B, Sun J, Wang W, Wang J, Cassella E, Myint F, Anuncio SA, Ouk S, Liou HC, Tan M, Wang H, Zakrzewski JL. Targeted Lymphoma Therapy Using a Gold Nanoframework-Based Drug Delivery System. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:6312-6325. [PMID: 36701696 PMCID: PMC9911369 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Precision nanomedicine can be employed as an alternative to chemo- or radiotherapy to overcome challenges associated with the often narrow therapeutic window of traditional treatment approaches, while safely inducing effective, targeted antitumor responses. Herein, we report the formulation of a therapeutic nanocomposite comprising a hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated gold nanoframework (AuNF) delivery system and encapsulated IT848, a small molecule with potent antilymphoma and -myeloma properties that targets the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). The porous AuNFs fabricated via a liposome-templated approach were loaded with IT848 and surface-functionalized with HA to formulate the nanotherapeutics that were able to efficiently deliver the payload with high specificity to myeloma and lymphoma cell lines in vitro. In vivo studies characterized biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, and safety of HA-AuNFs, and we demonstrated superior efficacy of HA-AuNF-formulated IT848 vs free IT848 in lymphoma mouse models. Both in vitro and in vivo results affirm that the AuNF system can be adopted for targeted cancer therapy, improving the drug safety profile, and enhancing its efficacy with minimal dosing. HA-AuNF-formulated IT848 therefore has strong potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Bariana
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Beilu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
| | - Jingyu Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07303, USA
| | - Jinping Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07303, USA
| | - Elena Cassella
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Faith Myint
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Shaina A. Anuncio
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Samedy Ouk
- ImmuneTarget Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | | | - Ming Tan
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Biomathematics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07303, USA
- Center for Healthcare Innovation, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
| | - Johannes L. Zakrzewski
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ 07601, USA
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7
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Fang Z, Wei W, Jiang X. Monotropein attenuates doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and arrhythmia via the AKT signal pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 638:14-22. [PMID: 36436337 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As a glycoside iridoid, monotropein (MON) has a wide range of pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic effects. However, few studies have investigated MON's cardiovascular protective effects. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the role of MON in doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity. To establish the myocardial toxicity model, mice were intraperitoneally injected with DOX. After admimistration of DOX, myocardial injury markers were increased, cardiac function was reduced, and pathological changes were observed in the myocardium, indicating successful construction of the myocardial injury model. Our study showed that MON treatment mitigated DOX-induced myocardial damage and improved cardiac dysfunction. In addition, DOX-treated mice displayed higher levels of inflammation and oxidative stress, while MON treatment also reversed these pathological changes. Moreover, DOX-treated mice were more susceptible to ventricular fibrillation, whereas MON reduced ventricular fibrillation incidence. Further studies have shown that MON could reverse DOX-induced inhibition of the AKT signaling pathway. Besides, the application of AKT inhibitor could partially abolish MON's cardioprotective effects. To conclude, this study demonstrated the ability of MON to reduce DOX-induced myocardial damage, cardiac dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress, as well as ventricular fibrillation risk. These may attributable to the activation of the AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen Wei
- Cardiovascular Disease Center, Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Clinical College of Wuhan University, Enshi City, 445000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China.
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8
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Abdella S, Abid F, Youssef SH, Kim S, Afinjuomo F, Malinga C, Song Y, Garg S. pH and its applications in targeted drug delivery. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103414. [PMID: 36273779 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.103414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Physiologic pH is vital for the normal functioning of tissues and varies in different parts of the body. The varying pH of the body has been exploited to design pH-sensitive smart oral, transdermal and vaginal drug delivery systems (DDS). The DDS demonstrated promising results in hard-to-treat diseases such as cancer and Helicobacter pylori infection. In some cases, a change in pH of tissues or body fluids has also been employed as a useful diagnostic biomarker. This paper aims to comprehensively review the development and applications of pH-sensitive DDS as well as recent advances in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadikalmahdi Abdella
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation (CPI), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Zambia St, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Fatima Abid
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation (CPI), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Souha H Youssef
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation (CPI), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Sangseo Kim
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation (CPI), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Franklin Afinjuomo
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation (CPI), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Constance Malinga
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation (CPI), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Yunmei Song
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation (CPI), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Sanjay Garg
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation (CPI), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
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Xu Y, Nie Z, Ni N, Zhang X, Yuan J, Gao Y, Gong Y, Liu S, Wu M, Sun X. Shield-activated two-way imaging nanomaterials for enhanced cancer theranostics. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:6893-6910. [PMID: 36317535 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01317g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Smart nanomaterials with stimuli-responsive imaging enhancement have been widely developed to meet the requirements of accurate cancer diagnosis. However, these imaging nanoenhancers tend to be always on during circulation, which significantly increases the background signal when assessing the imaging performance. To improve unfavorable signal-to-noise ratios, an effective way is to shield the noise signal of these nanoprobes in non-targeted areas. Fortunately, there is a natural mutual shielding effect between some imaging nanomaterials, which provides the possibility of designing engineered nanomaterials with imaging quenching between two different components at the beginning. Once in the tumor microenvironment, the two components will present activated dual-mode imaging ability because of their separation, designated as two-way imaging tuning. This review highlights the design and mechanism of a series of engineered nanomaterials with two-way imaging tuning and their latest applications in the fields of cancer magnetic resonance imaging, fluorescence imaging, and their combination. The challenges and future directions for the improvement of these engineered nanomaterials towards clinical transformation are also discussed. This review aims to introduce the special constraint relationships of imaging components and provide scientists with simpler and more efficient nanoplatform construction ideas, promoting the development of engineered nanomaterials with two-way imaging tuning in cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Zhaokun Nie
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Nengyi Ni
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Jia Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Yufang Gong
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Shuangqing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Min Wu
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiao Sun
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China.
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Mahajan S, Aalhate M, Guru SK, Singh PK. Nanomedicine as a magic bullet for combating lymphoma. J Control Release 2022; 347:211-236. [PMID: 35533946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Hematological malignancy like lymphoma originates in lymph tissues and has a propensity to spread across other organs. Managing such tumors is challenging as conventional strategies like surgery and local treatment are not plausible options and there are high chances of relapse. The advent of novel targeted therapies and antibody-mediated treatments has proven revolutionary in the management of these tumors. Although these therapies have an added advantage of specificity in comparison to the traditional chemotherapy approach, such treatment alternatives suffer from the occurrence of drug resistance and dose-related toxicities. In past decades, nanomedicine has emerged as an excellent surrogate to increase the bioavailability of therapeutic moieties along with a reduction in toxicities of highly cytotoxic drugs. Nanotherapeutics achieve targeted delivery of the therapeutic agents into the malignant cells and also have the ability to carry genes and therapeutic proteins to the desired sites. Furthermore, nanomedicine has an edge in rendering personalized medicine as one type of lymphoma is pathologically different from others. In this review, we have highlighted various applications of nanotechnology-based delivery systems based on lipidic, polymeric and inorganic nanomaterials that address different targets for effectively tackling lymphomas. Moreover, we have discussed recent advances and therapies available exclusively for managing this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srushti Mahajan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Mayur Aalhate
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Guru
- Department of Biological Science, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India.
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Controllability of Graphene Oxide Doxorubicin Loading Capacity Based on Density Functional Theory. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12030479. [PMID: 35159828 PMCID: PMC8838576 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Graphene can be used as a drug carrier of doxorubicin (DOX) to reduce the side effects of doxorubicin. However, there is limited research on the surface chemical modifications and biological effects of graphene oxide (GO). Therefore, it is necessary to explore the DOX affinity of different oxygen-containing functional groups in the graphene system. We constructed graphene system models and studied the structure and distribution of epoxy and hydroxyl groups on the carbon surface. Based on molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory (DFT), we investigated the interaction between DOX and either pristine graphene or GO with different ratios of oxygen-containing groups. The hydroxyl groups exhibited a stronger affinity for DOX than the epoxy groups. Therefore, the DOX loading capacity of graphene systems can be adjusted by increasing the ratio of hydroxyl to epoxy groups on the carbon surface.
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Targeted Drug Delivery and Theranostic Strategies in Malignant Lymphomas. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030626. [PMID: 35158894 PMCID: PMC8833783 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The concept of targeted drug delivery (TDD) represents an innovative and effective treatment approach, which was developed with an attempt to minimize damage toward healthy tissues. Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) with radioimmunoconjugates and TDD with antibody–drug conjugates (ADC) both represent drug delivery systems (DDS) based on monoclonal antibody-mediated delivery of toxic payloads toward the lymphoma tissue. Other modalities of TDD are based on new formulations of “old” cytostatic agents and their passive trapping in the tumor bulk by means of enhanced permeability and retention (EPH) effect. These comprise several clinically approved liposomal formulations of anthracyclines and many investigational nanomedicines including pegylated and non-pegylated liposomes, or polymer-based nanoparticles. Currently, the diagnostic and restaging procedures in aggressive lymphomas are based on nuclear imaging, predominantly on 2-[F18] fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). On a preclinical level, it has been repeatedly demonstrated that the assessment of response and therapy delivery can be fused. Such a theranostic approach that would combine the diagnostic or restaging imaging procedure with a targeted therapy represents an appealing innovative strategy in personalized medicine in hemato-oncology. Abstract Malignant lymphomas represent the most common type of hematologic malignancies. The first clinically approved TDD modalities in lymphoma patients were anti-CD20 radioimmunoconjugates (RIT) 131I-tositumomab and 90Y-ibritumomab-tiuxetan. The later clinical success of the first approved antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) for the treatment of lymphomas, anti-CD30 brentuximab vedotin, paved the path for the preclinical development and clinical testing of several other ADCs, including polatuzumab vedotin and loncastuximab tesirine. Other modalities of TDD are based on new formulations of “old” cytostatic agents and their passive trapping in the lymphoma tissue by means of the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Currently, the diagnostic and restaging procedures in aggressive lymphomas are based on nuclear imaging, namely PET. A theranostic approach that combines diagnostic or restaging lymphoma imaging with targeted treatment represents an appealing innovative strategy in personalized medicine. The future of theranostics will require not only the capability to provide suitable disease-specific molecular probes but also expertise on big data processing and evaluation. Here, we review the concept of targeted drug delivery in malignant lymphomas from RIT and ADC to a wide array of passively and actively targeted nano-sized investigational agents. We also discuss the future of molecular imaging with special focus on monoclonal antibody-based and monoclonal antibody-derived theranostic strategies.
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Zhang Y, Cui H, Zhang R, Zhang H, Huang W. Nanoparticulation of Prodrug into Medicines for Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2101454. [PMID: 34323373 PMCID: PMC8456229 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202101454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This article provides a broad spectrum about the nanoprodrug fabrication advances co-driven by prodrug and nanotechnology development to potentiate cancer treatment. The nanoprodrug inherits the features of both prodrug concept and nanomedicine know-how, attempts to solve underexploited challenge in cancer treatment cooperatively. Prodrugs can release bioactive drugs on-demand at specific sites to reduce systemic toxicity, this is done by using the special properties of the tumor microenvironment, such as pH value, glutathione concentration, and specific overexpressed enzymes; or by using exogenous stimulation, such as light, heat, and ultrasound. The nanotechnology, manipulating the matter within nanoscale, has high relevance to certain biological conditions, and has been widely utilized in cancer therapy. Together, the marriage of prodrug strategy which shield the side effects of parent drug and nanotechnology with pinpoint delivery capability has conceived highly camouflaged Trojan horse to maneuver cancerous threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuezhou Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 218 Qingyi Road, Ningbo, 315103, China
| | - Huaguang Cui
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 218 Qingyi Road, Ningbo, 315103, China
| | - Ruiqi Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 218 Qingyi Road, Ningbo, 315103, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, FI-00520, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, FI-00520, Finland
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 218 Qingyi Road, Ningbo, 315103, China
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14
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Yong HW, Kakkar A. Nanoengineering Branched Star Polymer-Based Formulations: Scope, Strategies, and Advances. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100105. [PMID: 34117840 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Soft nanoparticles continue to offer a promising platform for the encapsulation and controlled delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs and help enhance their bioavailability at targeted sites. Linear amphiphilic block copolymers are the most extensively investigated in formulating delivery vehicles. However, more recently, there has been increasing interest in utilizing branched macromolecules for nanomedicine, as these have been shown to lower critical micelle concentrations, form particles of smaller dimensions, facilitate the inclusion of varied compositions and function-based entities, as well as provide prolonged and sustained release of cargo. In this review, it is aimed to discuss some of the key variables that are studied in tailoring branched architecture-based assemblies, and their influence on drug loading and delivery. By understanding structure-property relationships in these formulations, one can better design branched star polymers with suitable characteristics for efficient therapeutic interventions. The role played by polymer composition, chain architecture, crosslinking, stereocomplexation, compatibility between polymers and drugs, drug/polymer concentrations, and self-assembly methods in their performance as nanocarriers is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wen Yong
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Ashok Kakkar
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada
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15
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Pola R, Pokorná E, Vočková P, Böhmová E, Pechar M, Karolová J, Pankrác J, Šefc L, Helman K, Trněný M, Etrych T, Klener P. Cytarabine nanotherapeutics with increased stability and enhanced lymphoma uptake for tailored highly effective therapy of mantle cell lymphoma. Acta Biomater 2021; 119:349-359. [PMID: 33186784 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare subtype of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) with chronically relapsing clinical course. Implementation of cytarabine (araC) into induction and salvage regimen became standard of care for majority of MCL patients. In this study, tailored N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA)-based polymer nanotherapeutics containing covalently bound araC (araC co-polymers) were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their anti-lymphoma efficacy in vivo using a panel of six patient-derived lymphoma xenografts (PDX) derived from newly diagnosed and relapsed / refractory (R/R) MCL. While free araC led to temporary inhibition of growth of MCL tumors, araC co-polymers induced long-term disappearance of the engrafted lymphomas with no observed toxicity even in the case of PDX models derived from patients, who relapsed after high-dose araC-based treatments. The results provide sound preclinical rationale for the use of HPMA-based araC co-polymers in induction, salvage or palliative therapy of MCL patients.
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16
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Siafaka PI, Okur NÜ, Karantas ID, Okur ME, Gündoğdu EA. Current update on nanoplatforms as therapeutic and diagnostic tools: A review for the materials used as nanotheranostics and imaging modalities. Asian J Pharm Sci 2021; 16:24-46. [PMID: 33613728 PMCID: PMC7878458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, the use of nanotheranostics as emerging diagnostic and therapeutic tools for various diseases, especially cancer, is held great attention. Up to date, several approaches have been employed in order to develop smart nanotheranostics, which combine bioactive targeting on specific tissues as well as diagnostic properties. The nanotheranostics can deliver therapeutic agents by concomitantly monitor the therapy response in real-time. Consequently, the possibility of over- or under-dosing is decreased. Various non-invasive imaging techniques have been used to quantitatively monitor the drug delivery processes. Radiolabeling of nanomaterials is widely used as powerful diagnostic approach on nuclear medicine imaging. In fact, various radiolabeled nanomaterials have been designed and developed for imaging tumors and other lesions due to their efficient characteristics. Inorganic nanoparticles as gold, silver, silica based nanomaterials or organic nanoparticles as polymers, carbon based nanomaterials, liposomes have been reported as multifunctional nanotheranostics. In this review, the imaging modalities according to their use in various diseases are summarized, providing special details for radiolabeling. In further, the most current nanotheranostics categorized via the used nanomaterials are also summed up. To conclude, this review can be beneficial for medical and pharmaceutical society as well as material scientists who work in the field of nanotheranostics since they can use this research as guide for producing newer and more efficient nanotheranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panoraia I. Siafaka
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Neslihan Üstündağ Okur
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ioannis D. Karantas
- 2nd Clinic of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mehmet Evren Okur
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
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Noack AK, Lucas H, Chytil P, Etrych T, Mäder K, Mueller T. Intratumoral Distribution and pH-Dependent Drug Release of High Molecular Weight HPMA Copolymer Drug Conjugates Strongly Depend on Specific Tumor Substructure and Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176029. [PMID: 32825790 PMCID: PMC7504030 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimulus-sensitive polymer drug conjugates based on high molecular weight N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymers carrying doxorubicin via a pH-dependent cleavable bond (pHPMA-Dox) were previously shown to be able to overcome multi-drug resistance. Nevertheless, a tumor type dependent differential response was observed. Although an improved and more selective tumor accumulation of pHPMA-Dox is generally achieved due to the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, little is known about the fate of these conjugates upon entering the tumor tissue, which could explain the different responses. In this study, we compared in vitro and in vivo accumulation and Dox-activation of pHPMA-Dox in three cancer cell line models (1411HP, A2780cis, HT29) and derived xenograft tumors using a near-infrared fluorescence-labeled pHPMA-Dox conjugate. Firstly, cytotoxicity assays using different pH conditions proved a stepwise, pH-dependent increase in cytotoxic activity and revealed comparable sensitivity among the cell lines. Using multispectral fluorescence microscopy, we were able to track the distribution of drug and polymeric carrier simultaneously on cellular and histological levels. Microscopic analyses of cell monolayers confirmed the assumed mechanism of cell internalization of the whole conjugate followed by intracellular cleavage and nuclear accumulation of Dox in all three cell lines. In contrast, intratumoral distribution and drug release in xenograft tumors were completely different and were associated with different tissue substructures and microenvironments analyzed by Azan- and Hypoxisense®-staining. In 1411HP tumors, large vessels and less hypoxic/acidic microenvironments were associated with a pattern resulting from consistent tissue distribution and cellular uptake as whole conjugate followed by intracellular drug release. In A2780cis tumors, an inconsistent pattern of distribution partly resulting from premature drug release was associated with a more hypoxic/acidic microenvironment, compacted tumor tissue with compressed vessels and specific pre-damaged tissue structures. A completely different distribution pattern was observed in HT29 tumors, resulting from high accumulation of polymer in abundant fibrotic structures, with small embedded vessels featuring this tumor type together with pronounced premature drug release due to the strongly hypoxic/acidic microenvironment. In conclusion, the pattern of intratumoral distribution and drug release strongly depends on the tumor substructure and microenvironment and may result in different degrees of therapeutic efficacy. This reflects the pronounced heterogeneity observed in the clinical application of nanomedicines and can be exploited for the future design of such conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Kathrin Noack
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (A.-K.N.); (H.L.); (K.M.)
| | - Henrike Lucas
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (A.-K.N.); (H.L.); (K.M.)
| | - Petr Chytil
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (P.C.); (T.E.)
| | - Tomáš Etrych
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (P.C.); (T.E.)
| | - Karsten Mäder
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (A.-K.N.); (H.L.); (K.M.)
| | - Thomas Mueller
- University Clinic for Internal Medicine IV, Hematology/Oncology, Medical Faculty of Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-345-557-7211
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18
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England RM, Moss JI, Gunnarsson A, Parker JS, Ashford MB. Synthesis and Characterization of Dendrimer-Based Polysarcosine Star Polymers: Well-Defined, Versatile Platforms Designed for Drug-Delivery Applications. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:3332-3341. [PMID: 32672451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the synthesis of star polymers designed for future drug-delivery applications. A generation-5 lysine dendrimer was used as a macroinitiator for the ring-opening polymerization of the sarcosine N-carboxyanhydride monomer to produce 32-arm star polymers with narrow molar mass distributions and desirable hydrodynamic size control. Fluorescent dye-labeled polymers were dosed in mice to measure plasma pharmacokinetics. Long circulation times were observed, representing ideal properties for biophysical targeting of tumors. In vivo efficacy of one of these star polymers conjugated to the therapeutic molecule SN-38 was evaluated in mice bearing SW620 xenografted tumors to demonstrate high antitumor activity and low body weight loss compared to the SN-38 prodrug irinotecan and this shows the potential of these delivery systems. As a further build, we demonstrated that these star polymers can be easily chain-end-functionalized with useful chemical moieties, giving opportunities for future receptor-targeting strategies. Finally, we describe the synthetic advantages of these star polymers that make them attractive from a pharmaceutical manufacturing perspective and report characterization of the polymers with a variety of techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard M England
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K.,Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 4TF, U.K
| | - Jennifer I Moss
- Early TDE, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, U.K
| | - Anders Gunnarsson
- Discovery Sciences, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg 431 50, Sweden
| | - Jeremy S Parker
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 4TF, U.K
| | - Marianne B Ashford
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
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19
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Rani S, Gupta U. HPMA-based polymeric conjugates in anticancer therapeutics. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:997-1012. [PMID: 32334073 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Polymer therapeutics has gained prominence due to an attractive structural polymer chemistry and its applications in diseases therapy. In this review, we discussed the development and capabilities of N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA) and HPMA-drug conjugates in cancer therapy. The design, architecture, and structural properties of HPMA make it a versatile system for the synthesis of polymeric conjugations for biomedical applications. Research suggests that HPMA could be a possible alternative for polymers such polyethylene glycol (PEG) in biomedical applications. Although numerous clinical trials of HPMA-drug conjugates are ongoing, yet no product has been successfully brought to the market. Thus, further research is required to develop HPMA-drug conjugates as successful cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Rani
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Umesh Gupta
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India.
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20
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Drug Resistance in Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062081. [PMID: 32197371 PMCID: PMC7139754 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) are lymphoid tumors that arise by a complex process of malignant transformation of mature lymphocytes during various stages of differentiation. The WHO classification of NHL recognizes more than 90 nosological units with peculiar pathophysiology and prognosis. Since the end of the 20th century, our increasing knowledge of the molecular biology of lymphoma subtypes led to the identification of novel druggable targets and subsequent testing and clinical approval of novel anti-lymphoma agents, which translated into significant improvement of patients’ outcome. Despite immense progress, our effort to control or even eradicate malignant lymphoma clones has been frequently hampered by the development of drug resistance with ensuing unmet medical need to cope with relapsed or treatment-refractory disease. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie inherent or acquired drug resistance might lead to the design of more effective front-line treatment algorithms based on reliable predictive markers or personalized salvage therapy, tailored to overcome resistant clones, by targeting weak spots of lymphoma cells resistant to previous line(s) of therapy. This review focuses on the history and recent advances in our understanding of molecular mechanisms of resistance to genotoxic and targeted agents used in clinical practice for the therapy of NHL.
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21
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Piorecka K, Smith D, Kurjata J, Stanczyk M, Stanczyk WA. Synthetic routes to nanoconjugates of anthracyclines. Bioorg Chem 2020; 96:103617. [PMID: 32014639 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Anthracyclines (Anth) are widely used in the treatment of various types of cancer. Unfortunately, they exhibit serious adverse effects, such as hematopoietic depression and cardiotoxicity, leading to heart failure. In this review, we focus on recently developed conjugates of anthracyclines with a range of nanocarriers, such as polymers, peptides, DNA or inorganic systems. Manipulation of the composition, size and shape of chemical entities at the nanometer scale makes possible the design and development of a range of prodrugs. In this review we concentrate on synthetic chemistry in the long process leading to the introduction of novel therapeutic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Piorecka
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - David Smith
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, UK
| | - Jan Kurjata
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Wlodzimierz A Stanczyk
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
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22
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Bláhová M, Randárová E, Konefał R, Nottelet B, Etrych T. Graft copolymers with tunable amphiphilicity tailored for efficient dual drug delivery via encapsulation and pH-sensitive drug conjugation. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00609b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic poly(ε-caprolactone)-graft-(poly-N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide) copolymers with tunable solution properties form stable micelles with high drug payload via simultaneous encapsulation and pH-sensitive covalent conjugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Bláhová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- 162 06 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
| | - Eva Randárová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- 162 06 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
| | - Rafal Konefał
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- 162 06 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
| | - Benjamin Nottelet
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron
- Université Montpellier
- ENSCM
- Faculté de Pharmacie
- Montpellier Cedex 5
| | - Tomáš Etrych
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- 162 06 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
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23
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Etrych T, Janoušková O, Chytil P. Fluorescence Imaging as a Tool in Preclinical Evaluation of Polymer-Based Nano-DDS Systems Intended for Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E471. [PMID: 31547308 PMCID: PMC6781319 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11090471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted drug delivery using nano-sized carrier systems with targeting functions to malignant and inflammatory tissue and tailored controlled drug release inside targeted tissues or cells has been and is still intensively studied. A detailed understanding of the correlation between the pharmacokinetic properties and structure of the nano-sized carrier is crucial for the successful transition of targeted drug delivery nanomedicines into clinical practice. In preclinical research in particular, fluorescence imaging has become one of the most commonly used powerful imaging tools. Increasing numbers of suitable fluorescent dyes that are excitable in the visible to near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths of the spectrum and the non-invasive nature of the method have significantly expanded the applicability of fluorescence imaging. This chapter summarizes non-invasive fluorescence-based imaging methods and discusses their potential advantages and limitations in the field of drug delivery, especially in anticancer therapy. This chapter focuses on fluorescent imaging from the cellular level up to the highly sophisticated three-dimensional imaging modality at a systemic level. Moreover, we describe the possibility for simultaneous treatment and imaging using fluorescence theranostics and the combination of different imaging techniques, e.g., fluorescence imaging with computed tomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Etrych
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Olga Janoušková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Chytil
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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24
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Cao Z, Li W, Liu R, Li X, Li H, Liu L, Chen Y, Lv C, Liu Y. pH- and enzyme-triggered drug release as an important process in the design of anti-tumor drug delivery systems. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109340. [PMID: 31545284 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is necessary to design a reasonable drug delivery system(DDS) for targeted release to overcome the potential toxicity and poor selectivity of anti-tumor drug. How a drug is released from a DDS is a critical issue that determines whether the DDS is designed successfully. We all know that the microenvironment of tumors is quite different from normal tissues, such as its acidic environment, different expression levels of some enzymes, etc. These features are widely used in the design of DDSs and play an important role in the drug release process in vivo. Numerous DDSs have been designed and synthesized. This article attention to how drugs are released from DDSs. We summarizes and classify the characteristic enzymes and chemical bonds used in the drug release process by browsing a large number of papers, and describes how they are applied in DDSs with specific examples. By understanding these acid-sensitive chemical bonds and over-expressed enzymes in tumors, different DDSs can be designed for different drug structures to solve specific problems of anti-tumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Cao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wen Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Linlin Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Youwen Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Yuanyan Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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Pola R, Parnica J, Zuska K, Böhmová E, Filipová M, Pechar M, Pankrác J, Mucksová J, Kalina J, Trefil P, Šefc L, Větvička D, Poučková P, Bouček J, Janoušková O, Etrych T. Oligopeptide-targeted polymer nanoprobes for fluorescence-guided endoscopic surgery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/2399-7532/ab159e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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