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Kim HR, Park SJ, Cho YS, Moyo MK, Choi JU, Lee NK, Chung SW, Kweon S, Park J, Kim B, Ko YG, Yeo JH, Lee J, Kim SY, Byun Y. Stimulating macropinocytosis of peptide-drug conjugates through DNA-dependent protein kinase inhibition for treating KRAS-mutant cancer. J Control Release 2024; 372:176-193. [PMID: 38880331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
KRAS-mutant cancers, due to their protein targeting complexity, present significant therapeutic hurdles. The identification of the macropinocytic phenotype in these cancers has emerged as a promising alternative therapeutic target. Our study introduces MPD1, an macropinocytosis-targeting peptide-drug conjugates (PDC), which is developed to treat KRAS mutant cancers. This PDC is specifically designed to trigger a positive feedback loop through its caspase-3 cleavable characteristic. However, we observe that this loop is hindered by DNA-PK mediated DNA damage repair processes in cancer cells. To counter this impediment, we employ AZD7648, a DNA-PK inhibitor. Interestingly, the combined treatment of MPD1 and AZD7648 resulted in a 100% complete response rate in KRAS-mutant xenograft model. We focus on the synergic mechanism of it. We discover that AZD7648 specifically enhances macropinocytosis in KRAS-mutant cancer cells. Further analysis uncovers a significant correlation between the increase in macropinocytosis and PI3K signaling, driven by AMPK pathways. Also, AZD7648 reinforces the positive feedback loop, leading to escalated apoptosis and enhanced payload accumulation within tumors. AZD7648 possesses broad applications in augmenting nano-sized drug delivery and preventing DNA repair resistance. The promising efficacy and evident synergy underscore the potential of combining MPD1 with AZD7648 as a strategy for treating KRAS-mutant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Rin Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.; School of Medicine, Stanford University, CA 94305, United States
| | - Seong Jin Park
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seok Cho
- College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | | | - Jeong Uk Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Kyeong Lee
- Chemical & Biological Integrative Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Woo Chung
- Depertment of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, United States
| | - Seho Kweon
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooho Park
- Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoungmo Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Gun Ko
- Pharosgen Co.Ltd, Seoul, 05852, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hye Yeo
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinu Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yoon Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngro Byun
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea..
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Wu Y, Hu X, Wei Z, Lin Q. Cellular Regulation of Macropinocytosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6963. [PMID: 39000072 PMCID: PMC11241348 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Interest in macropinocytosis has risen in recent years owing to its function in tumorigenesis, immune reaction, and viral infection. Cancer cells utilize macropinocytosis to acquire nutrients to support their uncontrolled proliferation and energy consumption. Macropinocytosis, a highly dynamic endocytic and vesicular process, is regulated by a series of cellular signaling pathways. The activation of small GTPases in conjunction with phosphoinositide signaling pivotally regulates the process of macropinocytosis. In this review, we summarize important findings about the regulation of macropinocytosis and provide information to increase our understanding of the regulatory mechanism underlying it.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qiong Lin
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (Y.W.); (X.H.); (Z.W.)
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Zygmunt A, Gubernator J. Metabolism and structure of PDA as the target for new therapies: possibilities and limitations for nanotechnology. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2024; 21:845-865. [PMID: 38899424 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2024.2370492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Certainly, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma poses one of the greatest challenges in current oncology. The dense extracellular matrix and low vessel density in PDA tumor impede the effective delivery of drugs, primarily due to the short pharmacokinetics of most drugs and potential electrostatic interactions with stroma components. AREA COVERED Owing to the distinctive metabolism of PDA and challenges in accessing nutrients, there is a growing interest in cell metabolism inhibitors as a potential means to inhibit cancer development. However, even if suitable combinations of inhibitors are identified, the question about their administration remains, as the same hindrances that impede effective treatment with conventional drugs will also hinder the delivery of inhibitors. Methods including nanotechnology to increase drugs in PDA penetrations are reviewed and discussed. EXPERT OPINION Pancreatic cancer is one of the most difficult tumors to treat due to the small number of blood vessels, high content of extracellular matrix, and specialized resistance mechanisms of tumor cells. One possible method of treating this tumor is the use of metabolic inhibitors in combinations that show synergy. Despite promising results in in vitro tests, their effect is uncertain due to the tumor's structure. In the case of pancreatic cancer, priming of the tumor tissue is required through the sequential administration of drugs that generate blood vessels, increase blood flow, and enhance vascular permeability and extracellular matrix. The use of drug carriers with a size of 10-30 nm may be crucial in the therapy of this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna Zygmunt
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Gubernator
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
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Chen K, Cheng X, Xue S, Chen J, Zhang X, Qi Y, Chen R, Zhang Y, Wang H, Li W, Cheng G, Huang Y, Xiong Y, Chen L, Mu C, Gu M. Albumin conjugation promotes arsenic trioxide transport through alkaline phosphatase-associated transcytosis in MUC4 wildtype pancreatic cancer cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128756. [PMID: 38092098 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) has a poor prognosis due to chemotherapy resistance and unfavorable drug transportation. Albumin conjugates are commonly used as drug carriers to overcome these obstacles. However, membrane-bound glycoprotein mucin 4 (MUC4) has emerged as a promising biomarker among the genetic mutations affecting albumin conjugates therapeutic window. Human serum albumin-conjugated arsenic trioxide (HSA-ATO) has shown potential in treating solid tumors but is limited in PC therapy due to unclear targets and mechanisms. This study investigated the transport mechanisms and therapeutic efficacy of HSA-ATO in PC cells with different MUC4 mutation statuses. Results revealed improved penetration of ATO into PC tumors through conjugated with HSA. However, MUC4 mutation significantly affected treatment sensitivity and HSA-ATO uptake both in vitro and in vivo. Mutant MUC4 cells exhibited over ten times higher IC50 for HSA-ATO and approximately half the uptake compared to wildtype cells. Further research demonstrated that ALPL activation by HSA-ATO enhanced transcytosis in wildtype MUC4 PC cells but not in mutant MUC4 cells, leading to impaired uptake and weaker antitumor effects. Reprogramming the transport process holds potential for enhancing albumin conjugate efficacy in PC patients with different MUC4 mutation statuses, paving the way for stratified treatment using these delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaidi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiao Cheng
- Huzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Huzhou 313000, PR China
| | - Shuai Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Junyan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Zhejiang Heze Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yuwei Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Rong Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Hangjie Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Guilin Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ye Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Huzhou 313200, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yang Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Liping Chen
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, Zhejiang, PR China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Chaofeng Mu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Mancang Gu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, PR China; Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, PR China.
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Yu C, Huang F, Wang K, Liu M, Chow WA, Ling X, Li F, Causey JL, Huang X, Cook-Wiens G, Cui X. Single protein encapsulated SN38 for tumor-targeting treatment. J Transl Med 2023; 21:897. [PMID: 38072965 PMCID: PMC10712105 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04778-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The alkaloid camptothecin analog SN38 is a potent antineoplastic agent, but cannot be used directly for clinical application due to its poor water solubility. Currently, the prodrug approach on SN38 has resulted in 3 FDA-approved cancer therapeutics, irinotecan, ONIVYDE, and Trodelvy. However, only 2-8% of irinotecan can be transformed enzymatically in vivo into the active metabolite SN38, which severely limits the drug's efficacy. While numerous drug delivery systems have been attempted to achieve effective SN38 delivery, none have produced drug products with antitumor efficacy better than irinotecan in clinical trials. Therefore, novel approaches are urgently needed for effectively delivering SN38 to cancer cells with better efficacy and lower toxicity. METHODS Based on the unique properties of human serum albumin (HSA), we have developed a novel single protein encapsulation (SPE) technology to formulate cancer therapeutics for improving their pharmacokinetics (PK) and antitumor efficacy and reducing their side effects. Previous application of SPE technology to doxorubicin (DOX) formulation has led to a promising drug candidate SPEDOX-6 (FDA IND #, 152154), which will undergo a human phase I clinical trial. Using the same SPE platform on SN38, we have now produced two SPESN38 complexes, SPESN38-5 and SPESN38-8. We conducted their pharmacological evaluations with respect to maximum tolerated dose, PK, and in vivo efficacy against colorectal cancer (CRC) and soft tissue sarcoma (STS) in mouse models. RESULTS The lyophilized SPESN38 complexes can dissolve in aqueous media to form clear and stable solutions. Maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of SPESN38-5 is 250 mg/kg by oral route (PO) and 55 mg/kg by intravenous route (IV) in CD-1 mice. SPESN38-8 has the MTD of 45 mg/kg by IV in the same mouse model. PK of SPESN38-5 by PO at 250 mg/kg gave mouse plasma AUC0-∞ of 0.05 and 4.5 nmol × h/mL for SN38 and SN38 glucuronidate (SN38G), respectively, with a surprisingly high molar ratio of SN38G:SN38 = 90:1. However, PK of SPESN38-5 by IV at 55 mg/kg yielded much higher mouse plasma AUC0-∞ of 19 and 28 nmol × h/mL for SN38 and SN38G, producing a much lower molar ratio of SN38G:SN38 = 1.5:1. Antitumor efficacy of SPESN38-5 and irinotecan (control) was evaluated against HCT-116 CRC xenograft tumors. The data indicates that SPESN38-5 by IV at 55 mg/kg is more effective in suppressing HCT-116 tumor growth with lower systemic toxicity compared to irinotecan at 50 mg/kg. Additionally, SPESN38-8 and DOX (control) by IV were evaluated in the SK-LMS-1 STS mouse model. The results show that SPESN38-8 at 33 mg/kg is highly effective for inhibiting SK-LMS-1 tumor growth with low toxicity, in contrast to DOX's insensitivity to SK-LMS-1 with high toxicity. CONCLUSION SPESN38 complexes provide a water soluble SN38 formulation. SPESN38-5 and SPESN38-8 demonstrate better PK values, lower toxicity, and superior antitumor efficacy in mouse models, compared with irinotecan and DOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjun Yu
- Department of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
- Sunstate Biosciences, LLC, 870 S. Myrtle Ave, Monrovia, CA, 91016, USA.
| | - Faqing Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA.
| | - Kinsley Wang
- Sunstate Biosciences, LLC, 870 S. Myrtle Ave, Monrovia, CA, 91016, USA
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Sunstate Biosciences, LLC, 870 S. Myrtle Ave, Monrovia, CA, 91016, USA
| | - Warren A Chow
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, UCI Health, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Xiang Ling
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Canget BioTekpharma, LLC, 701 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Fengzhi Li
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Jason L Causey
- Department of Computer Sciences, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR, 72467, USA
| | - Xiuzhen Huang
- Department of Computational Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Galen Cook-Wiens
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Xiaojiang Cui
- Department of Surgery, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
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Hu H, Ng TS, Kang M, Scott E, Li R, Quintana JM, Matvey D, Vantaku VR, Weissleder R, Parangi S, Miller MA. Thyroid Cancers Exhibit Oncogene-Enhanced Macropinocytosis that Is Restrained by IGF1R and Promote Albumin-Drug Conjugate Response. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:3457-3470. [PMID: 37289199 PMCID: PMC10527034 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-2976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oncogene-driven macropinocytosis fuels nutrient scavenging in some cancer types, yet whether this occurs in thyroid cancers with prominent MAPK-ERK and PI3K pathway mutations remains unclear. We hypothesized that understanding links between thyroid cancer signaling and macropinocytosis might uncover new therapeutic strategies. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Macropinocytosis was assessed across cells derived from papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), follicular thyroid cancer (FTC), non-malignant follicular thyroid, and aggressive anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), by imaging fluorescent dextran and serum albumin. The impacts of ectopic BRAFV600E and mutant RAS, genetic PTEN silencing, and inhibitors targeting RET, BRAF, and MEK kinases were quantified. BrafV600E p53-/- ATC tumors in immunocompetent mice were used to measure efficacy of an albumin-drug conjugate comprising microtubule-destabilizing monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) linked to serum albumin via a cathepsin-cleavable peptide (Alb-vc-MMAE). RESULTS FTC and ATC cells showed greater macropinocytosis than non-malignant and PTC cells. ATC tumors accumulated albumin at 8.8% injected dose per gram tissue. Alb-vc-MMAE, but not MMAE alone, reduced tumor size by >90% (P < 0.01). ATC macropinocytosis depended on MAPK/ERK activity and nutrient signaling, and increased by up to 230% with metformin, phenformin, or inhibition of IGF1Ri in monoculture but not in vivo. Macrophages also accumulated albumin and express the cognate IGF1R ligand, IGF1, which reduced ATC responsiveness to IGF1Ri. CONCLUSIONS These findings identify regulated oncogene-driven macropinocytosis in thyroid cancers and demonstrate the potential of designing albumin-bound drugs to efficiently treat them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Hu
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, United States
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, United States
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China
| | - Thomas S.C. Ng
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, United States
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Mikyung Kang
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, United States
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Ella Scott
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, United States
| | - Ran Li
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, United States
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Jeremy M. Quintana
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, United States
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Dylan Matvey
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, United States
| | - Venkata R. Vantaku
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, United States
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, United States
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Sareh Parangi
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Miles A. Miller
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, United States
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, United States
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Yu CJ, Huang F, Wang K, Liu M, Chow WA, Ling X, Li F, Causey JL, Huang X, Cook-Wiens G, Cui X. Single Protein Encapsulated SN38 for Tumor-Targeting Treatment. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3154635. [PMID: 37546894 PMCID: PMC10402254 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3154635/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Background The alkaloid camptothecin analog SN38 is a potent antineoplastic agent, but cannot be used directly for clinical application due to its poor water solubility. Currently, the prodrug approach on SN38 has resulted in 3 FDA-approved cancer therapeutics, irinotecan, ONIVYDE, and Trodelvy. However, only 2-8% of irinotecan can be transformed enzymatically in vivo into the active metabolite SN38, which severely limits the drug's efficacy. While numerous drug delivery systems have been attempted to achieve effective SN38 delivery, none have produced drug products with antitumor efficacy better than irinotecan in clinical trials. Therefore, novel approaches are urgently needed for effectively delivering SN38 to cancer cells with better efficacy and lower toxicity. Methods Based on the unique properties of human serum albumin (HSA), we have developed a novel single protein encapsulation (SPE) technology to formulate cancer therapeutics for improving their pharmacokinetics (PK) and antitumor efficacy and reducing their side effects. Previous application of SPE technology to doxorubicin (DOX) formulation has led to a promising drug candidate SPEDOX-6 (FDA IND #, 152154), which will undergo a human phase I clinical trial. Using the same SPE platform on SN38, we have now produced two SPESN38 complexes, SPESN38-5 and SPESN38-8. We conducted their pharmacological evaluations with respect to maximum tolerated dose, PK, and in vivo efficacy against colorectal cancer (CRC) and soft tissue sarcoma (STS) in mouse models. Results The lyophilized SPESN38 complexes can dissolve in aqueous media to form clear and stable solutions. Maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of SPESN38-5 is 250 mg/kg by oral route (PO) and 55 mg/kg by intravenous route (IV) in CD-1 mice. SPESN38-8 has the MTD of 45 mg/kg by IV in the same mouse model. PK of SPESN38-5 by PO at 250 mg/kg gave mouse plasma AUC0-∞ of 0.0548 and 4.5007 (nmol × h/mL) for SN38 and SN38 glucuronidate (SN38G), respectively, with a surprisingly high molar ratio of SN38G:SN38 = 82:1. However, PK of SPESN38-5 by IV at 55 mg/kg yielded much higher mouse plasma AUC0-∞ of 18.80 and 27.78 nmol × h/mL for SN38 and SN38G, producing a much lower molar ratio of SN38G:SN38 = 1.48:1. Antitumor efficacy of SPESN38-5 and irinotecan (control) was evaluated against HCT-116 CRC xenograft tumors. The data indicates that SPESN38-5 by IV at 55 mg/kg is more effective in suppressing HCT-116 tumor growth with lower systemic toxicity compared to irinotecan at 50 mg/kg. Additionally, SPESN38-8 and DOX (control) by IV were evaluated in the SK-LMS-1 STS mouse model. The results show that SPESN38-8 at 33 mg/kg is highly effective for inhibiting SK-LMS-1 tumor growth with low toxicity, in contrast to DOX's insensitivity to SK-LMS-1 with high toxicity. Conclusion SPESN38 complexes provide a water soluble SN38 formulation. SPESN38-5 and SPESN38-8 demonstrate better PK values, lower toxicity, and superior antitumor efficacy in mouse models, compared with irinotecan and DOX.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Faqing Huang
- University of Southern Mississippi Center For Tobacco Prevention and Health Promotion: University of Southern Mississippi
| | | | | | - Warren A Chow
- University of California Irvine Department of Medicine
| | - Xiang Ling
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Fengzhi Li
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center
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Pyzik M, Kozicky LK, Gandhi AK, Blumberg RS. The therapeutic age of the neonatal Fc receptor. Nat Rev Immunol 2023; 23:415-432. [PMID: 36726033 PMCID: PMC9891766 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-022-00821-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
IgGs are essential soluble components of the adaptive immune response that evolved to protect the body from infection. Compared with other immunoglobulins, the role of IgGs is distinguished and enhanced by their high circulating levels, long half-life and ability to transfer from mother to offspring, properties that are conferred by interactions with neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn). FcRn binds to the Fc portion of IgGs in a pH-dependent manner and protects them from intracellular degradation. It also allows their transport across polarized cells that separate tissue compartments, such as the endothelium and epithelium. Further, it is becoming apparent that FcRn functions to potentiate cellular immune responses when IgGs, bound to their antigens, form IgG immune complexes. Besides the protective role of IgG, IgG autoantibodies are associated with numerous pathological conditions. As such, FcRn blockade is a novel and effective strategy to reduce circulating levels of pathogenic IgG autoantibodies and curtail IgG-mediated diseases, with several FcRn-blocking strategies on the path to therapeutic use. Here, we describe the current state of knowledge of FcRn-IgG immunobiology, with an emphasis on the functional and pathological aspects, and an overview of FcRn-targeted therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Pyzik
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Lisa K Kozicky
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amit K Gandhi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard S Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Digestive Diseases Center, Boston, MA, USA.
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Hao J, Zhou C, Wang Z, Ma Z, Wu Z, Lv Y, Wu R. An amino acid metabolism-based seventeen-gene signature correlates with the clinical outcome and immune features in pancreatic cancer. Front Genet 2023; 14:1084275. [PMID: 37333498 PMCID: PMC10272610 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1084275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive tumor with a low 5-year survival rate and primary resistance to most therapy. Amino acid (AA) metabolism is highly correlated with tumor growth, crucial to the aggressive biological behavior of pancreatic cancer; nevertheless, the comprehensive predictive significance of genes that regulate AA metabolism in pancreatic cancer remains unknown. Methods: The mRNA expression data downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were derived as the training cohort, and the GSE57495 cohort from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was applied as the validation cohort. Random survival forest (RSF) and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis were employed to screen genes and construct an AA metabolism-related risk signature (AMRS). Kaplan-Meier analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were performed to assess the prognostic value of AMRS. We performed genomic alteration analysis and explored the difference in tumor microenvironment (TME) landscape associated with KRAS and TP53 mutation in both high- and low-AMRS groups. Subsequently, the relationships between AMRS and immunotherapy and chemotherapy sensitivity were evaluated. Results: A 17-gene AA metabolism-related risk model in the TCGA cohort was constructed according to RSF and LASSO. After stratifying patients into high- and low-AMRS groups based on the optimal cut-off value, we found that high-AMRS patients had worse overall survival (OS) in the training cohort (a median OS: 13.1 months vs. 50.1 months, p < 0.0001) and validation cohort (a median OS: 16.2 vs. 30.5 months, p = 1e-04). Genetic mutation analysis revealed that KRAS and TP53 were significantly more mutated in high-AMRS group, and patients with KRAS and TP53 alterations had significantly higher risk scores than those without. Based on the analysis of TME, low-AMRS group displayed significantly higher immune score and more enrichment of T Cell CD8+ cells. In addition, high-AMRS-group exhibited higher TMB and significantly lower tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) score and T Cells dysfunction score, which suggested a higher sensitive to immunotherapy. Moreover, high-AMRS group was also more sensitive to paclitaxel, cisplatin, and docetaxel. Conclusion: Overall, we constructed an AA-metabolism prognostic model, which provided a powerful prognostic predictor for the clinical treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Cancan Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhenhua Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yi Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rongqian Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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10
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Draguet F, Dubois N, Bouland C, Pieters K, Bron D, Meuleman N, Stamatopoulos B, Lagneaux L. Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as an Efficient Nanocarrier to Deliver siRNA or Drug to Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112901. [PMID: 37296864 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. Treatment of PDAC remains a major challenge. This study aims to evaluate, in vitro, the use of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cell (UC-MSC)-derived EVs to specifically target pancreatic cancer cells. EVs were isolated from the FBS-free supernatants of the cultured UC-MSCs by ultracentrifugation and characterized by several methods. EVs were loaded with scramble or KRASG12D-targeting siRNA by electroporation. The effects of control and loaded EVs on different cell types were evaluated by assessing cell proliferation, viability, apoptosis and migration. Later, the ability of EVs to function as a drug delivery system for doxorubicin (DOXO), a chemotherapeutic drug, was also evaluated. Loaded EVs exhibited different kinetic rates of uptake by three cell lines, namely, BxPC-3 cells (pancreatic cancer cell line expressing KRASwt), LS180 cells (colorectal cell line expressing KRASG12D) and PANC-1 cells (pancreatic cell line expressing KRASG12D). A significant decrease in the relative expression of the KRASG12D gene after incubation with KRAS siRNA EVs was observed by real-time PCR. KRASG12D siRNA EVs significantly reduced the proliferation, viability and migration of the KRASG12D cell lines compared to scramble siRNA EVs. An endogenous EV production method was applied to obtain DOXO-loaded EVs. Briefly, UC-MSCs were treated with DOXO. After 24 h, UC-MSCs released DOXO-loaded EVs. DOXO-loaded EVs were rapidly taken up by PANC-1 cells and induced apoptotic cell death more efficiently than free DOXO. In conclusion, the use of UC-MSC-derived EVs as a drug delivery system for siRNAs or drugs could be a promising approach for the targeted treatment of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Draguet
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy (LCCT), Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 90 Rue Meylemeersch, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathan Dubois
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy (LCCT), Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 90 Rue Meylemeersch, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cyril Bouland
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy (LCCT), Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 90 Rue Meylemeersch, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karlien Pieters
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy (LCCT), Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 90 Rue Meylemeersch, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Bron
- Department of Haematology, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 90 Rue Meylemeersch, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Meuleman
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy (LCCT), Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 90 Rue Meylemeersch, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Haematology, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 90 Rue Meylemeersch, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Medicine Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Basile Stamatopoulos
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy (LCCT), Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 90 Rue Meylemeersch, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Medicine Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Lagneaux
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy (LCCT), Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 90 Rue Meylemeersch, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
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11
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Banushi B, Joseph SR, Lum B, Lee JJ, Simpson F. Endocytosis in cancer and cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 2023:10.1038/s41568-023-00574-6. [PMID: 37217781 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00574-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Endocytosis is a complex process whereby cell surface proteins, lipids and fluid from the extracellular environment are packaged, sorted and internalized into cells. Endocytosis is also a mechanism of drug internalization into cells. There are multiple routes of endocytosis that determine the fate of molecules, from degradation in the lysosomes to recycling back to the plasma membrane. The overall rates of endocytosis and temporal regulation of molecules transiting through endocytic pathways are also intricately linked with signalling outcomes. This process relies on an array of factors, such as intrinsic amino acid motifs and post-translational modifications. Endocytosis is frequently disrupted in cancer. These disruptions lead to inappropriate retention of receptor tyrosine kinases on the tumour cell membrane, changes in the recycling of oncogenic molecules, defective signalling feedback loops and loss of cell polarity. In the past decade, endocytosis has emerged as a pivotal regulator of nutrient scavenging, response to and regulation of immune surveillance and tumour immune evasion, tumour metastasis and therapeutic drug delivery. This Review summarizes and integrates these advances into the understanding of endocytosis in cancer. The potential to regulate these pathways in the clinic to improve cancer therapy is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blerida Banushi
- Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shannon R Joseph
- Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Benedict Lum
- Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jason J Lee
- Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Fiona Simpson
- Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.
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12
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Inhibition of Macropinocytosis Enhances the Sensitivity of Osteosarcoma Cells to Benzethonium Chloride. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030961. [PMID: 36765917 PMCID: PMC9913482 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant tumor of bone. Chemotherapy is one of the crucial approaches to prevent its metastasis and improve prognosis. Despite continuous improvements in the clinical treatment of OS, tumor resistance and metastasis remain dominant clinical challenges. Macropinocytosis, a form of non-selective nutrient endocytosis, has received increasing attention as a novel target for cancer therapy, yet its role in OS cells remains obscure. Benzethonium chloride (BZN) is an FDA-approved antiseptic and bactericide with broad-spectrum anticancer effects. Here, we described that BZN suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OS cells in vitro and in vivo, but simultaneously promoted the massive accumulation of cytoplasmic vacuoles as well. Mechanistically, BZN repressed the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, and the ERK1/2 activator partially neutralized the inhibitory effect of BZN on OS cells. Subsequently, we demonstrated that vacuoles originated from macropinocytosis and indicated that OS cells might employ macropinocytosis as a compensatory survival mechanism in response to BZN. Remarkably, macropinocytosis inhibitors enhanced the anti-OS effect of BZN in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, our results suggest that BZN may inhibit OS cells by repressing the ERK1/2 signaling pathway and propose a potential strategy to enhance the BZN-induced inhibitory effect by suppressing macropinocytosis.
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13
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Recent developments of nanomedicine delivery systems for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Moss DY, McCann C, Kerr EM. Rerouting the drug response: Overcoming metabolic adaptation in KRAS-mutant cancers. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eabj3490. [PMID: 36256706 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abj3490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in guanosine triphosphatase KRAS are common in lung, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers. The constitutive activity of mutant KRAS and its downstream signaling pathways induces metabolic rewiring in tumor cells that can promote resistance to existing therapeutics. In this review, we discuss the metabolic pathways that are altered in response to treatment and those that can, in turn, alter treatment efficacy, as well as the role of metabolism in the tumor microenvironment (TME) in dictating the therapeutic response in KRAS-driven cancers. We highlight metabolic targets that may provide clinical opportunities to overcome therapeutic resistance and improve survival in patients with these aggressive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Y Moss
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7AE Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Christopher McCann
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7AE Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Emma M Kerr
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7AE Northern Ireland, UK
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15
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Cong VT, Houng JL, Kavallaris M, Chen X, Tilley RD, Gooding JJ. How can we use the endocytosis pathways to design nanoparticle drug-delivery vehicles to target cancer cells over healthy cells? Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:7531-7559. [PMID: 35938511 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00707f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Targeted drug delivery in cancer typically focuses on maximising the endocytosis of drugs into the diseased cells. However, there has been less focus on exploiting the differences in the endocytosis pathways of cancer cells versus non-cancer cells. An understanding of the endocytosis pathways in both cancer and non-cancer cells allows for the design of nanoparticles to deliver drugs to cancer cells whilst restricting healthy cells from taking up anticancer drugs, thus efficiently killing the cancer cells. Herein we compare the differences in the endocytosis pathways of cancer and healthy cells. Second, we highlight the importance of the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles (size, shape, stiffness, and surface chemistry) on cellular uptake and how they can be adjusted to selectively target the dominated endocytosis pathway of cancer cells over healthy cells and to deliver anticancer drug to the target cells. The review generates new thought in the design of cancer-selective nanoparticles based on the endocytosis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Thanh Cong
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. .,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jacinta L Houng
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. .,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Maria Kavallaris
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.,Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, Institute of Polymer Science in Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Richard D Tilley
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. .,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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16
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Qiu Z, Liu W, Zhu Q, Ke K, Zhu Q, Jin W, Yu S, Yang Z, Li L, Sun X, Ren S, Liu Y, Zhu Z, Zeng J, Huang X, Huang Y, Wei L, Ma M, Lu J, Chen X, Mou Y, Xie T, Sui X. The Role and Therapeutic Potential of Macropinocytosis in Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:919819. [PMID: 36046825 PMCID: PMC9421435 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.919819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Macropinocytosis, a unique endocytosis pathway characterized by nonspecific internalization, has a vital role in the uptake of extracellular substances and antigen presentation. It is known to have dual effects on cancer cells, depending on cancer type and certain microenvironmental conditions. It helps cancer cells survive in nutrient-deficient environments, enhances resistance to anticancer drugs, and promotes invasion and metastasis. Conversely, overexpression of the RAS gene alongside drug treatment can lead to methuosis, a novel mode of cell death. The survival and proliferation of cancer cells is closely related to macropinocytosis in the tumor microenvironment (TME), but identifying how these cells interface with the TME is crucial for creating drugs that can limit cancer progression and metastasis. Substantial progress has been made in recent years on designing anticancer therapies that utilize the effects of macropinocytosis. Both the induction and inhibition of macropinocytosis are useful strategies for combating cancer cells. This article systematically reviews the general mechanisms of macropinocytosis, its specific functions in tumor cells, its occurrence in nontumor cells in the TME, and its application in tumor therapies. The aim is to elucidate the role and therapeutic potential of macropinocytosis in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejing Qiu
- Department of Medical Oncology and School of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wencheng Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology and School of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianru Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology and School of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kun Ke
- Department of Gastrointestinal-Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qicong Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal-Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal-Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuxian Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology and School of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zuyi Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology and School of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Medical Oncology and School of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaochen Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology and School of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuyi Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology and School of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanfen Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology and School of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyu Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology and School of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiangping Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology and School of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology and School of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology and School of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Wei
- Department of Medical Oncology and School of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology and School of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology and School of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyang Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology and School of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiping Mou
- Department of Gastrointestinal-Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yiping Mou, ; Tian Xie, ; Xinbing Sui,
| | - Tian Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology and School of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yiping Mou, ; Tian Xie, ; Xinbing Sui,
| | - Xinbing Sui
- Department of Medical Oncology and School of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yiping Mou, ; Tian Xie, ; Xinbing Sui,
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17
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Dou L, Liu H, Wang K, Liu J, Liu L, Ye J, Wang R, Deng H, Qian F. Albumin binding revitalizes NQO1 bioactivatable drugs as novel therapeutics for pancreatic cancer. J Control Release 2022; 349:876-889. [PMID: 35907592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is an enzyme significantly overexpressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumors compared to the associated normal tissues. NQO1 bioactivatable drugs, such as β-lapachone (β-lap), can be catalyzed to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) for direct tumor killing. However, the extremely narrow therapeutic window caused by methemoglobinemia and hemolytic anemia severely restricts its further clinical translation despite considerable efforts in the past 20 years. Previously, we demonstrated that albumin could be utilized to deliver cytotoxic drugs selectively into KRAS-mutant PDAC with a much expanded therapeutic window due to KRAS-enhanced macropinocytosis and reduced neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) expression in PDAC. Herein, we analyzed the expression patterns of albumin and FcRn across major organs in LSL-KrasG12D/+;LSL-Trp53R172H/+;Pdx-1-Cre (KPC) mice. The tumors were the predominant tissues with both elevated albumin and reduced FcRn expression, thus making them an ideal target for albumin-based drug delivery. Quantitative proteomics analysis of tissue samples from 5 human PDAC patients further confirmed the elevated albumin/FcRn ratio. Given such a compelling biological rationale, we designed a nanoparticle albumin-bound prodrug of β-lap, nab-(pro-β-lap), to achieve PDAC targeted delivery and expand the therapeutic window of β-lap. We found that nab-(pro-β-lap) uptake was profoundly enhanced by KRAS mutation. Compared to the solution formulation of the parent drug β-lap, nab-(pro-β-lap) showed enhanced safety due to much lower rates of methemoglobinemia and hemolytic anemia, which was confirmed both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, nab-(pro-β-lap) significantly inhibited tumor growth in subcutaneously implanted KPC xenografts and enhanced the pharmacodynamic endpoints (e.g., PARP1 hyperactivation, γ-H2AX). Thus, nab-(pro-β-lap), with improved safety and antitumor efficacy, offers a drug delivery strategy with translational viability for β-lap in pancreatic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Dou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Huiqin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Kaixin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Jing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Lei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Junxiao Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Haiteng Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Feng Qian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
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18
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Du YB, Wang XF, Liu XJ, Li Y, Miao QF, Jiang M, Sheng WJ, Zhen YS. The recombinant defensin/HSA fusion protein that inhibits NF-κb associated with intensive macropinocytosis shows potent efficacy against pancreatic cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 201:115057. [PMID: 35489393 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
KRAS mutation and NF-κB both play crucial role in pancreatic cancer; in addition, defensin, the peptide mediator in innate immunity, can inhibit NF-κB. Assuming a strategy that targets both NF-κB and concomitantly the mutated KRAS indirectly via intensive macropinocytosis, we designed and generated a recombinant protein DF2-HSA which consists of two molecules of human beta-defensin 2 (HBD2) and a moiety of human serum albumin (HSA). As shown, the recombinant protein DF2-HSA markedly down-regulated NF-κB in both KRAS mutant MIA PaCa-2 cells and wild type BxPC-3 cells. Determined by confocal microscopy, the uptake of DF2-HSA in MIA PaCa-2 cells was more intense than that in BxPC-3 cells. The uptake was blocked by the specific inhibitor EIPA, indicating that DF2-HSA internalized via macropinocytosis. DF2-HSA displayed more potent cytotoxicity to cancer cells than HBD2. DF2-HSA induced apoptosis in cancer cells. Notably, DF2-HSA inhibited tumor cell spheroid formation, an effect comparable to that of salinomycin. DF2-HSA inhibited tumor cell migration and invasion. As detected with scanning electron microscopy, DF2-HSA strongly depleted filopodia on cell surface; and salinomycin induced similar changes. By in vivo imaging, DF2-HSA displayed intense tumor-site accumulation and lasting retention for over 14 days; however, HBD2 showed much less tumor-site accumulation and a shorter retention time for only 24 h. DF2-HSA suppressed the growth of pancreatic cancer MIA PaCa-2 xenograft in athymic mice; and its combination with gemcitabine achieved higher antitumor efficacy. In summary, the recombinant defensin/HSA fusion protein that inhibits NF-κb associated with intensive macropinocytosis is highly effective against pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Bo Du
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | | | - Xiu-Jun Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yi Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qing-Fang Miao
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wei-Jin Sheng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Yong-Su Zhen
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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19
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Thomas J, Torok MA, Agrawal K, Pfau T, Vu TT, Lyberger J, Chang H, Castillo AMM, Chen M, Remaily B, Kim K, Xie Z, Dillhoff ME, Kulp SK, Behbehani GK, Cruz-Monserrate Z, Ganesan LP, Owen DH, Phelps MA, Coss CC, Mace TA. The Neonatal Fc Receptor Is Elevated in Monocyte-Derived Immune Cells in Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7066. [PMID: 35806069 PMCID: PMC9266939 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) is responsible for recycling of IgG antibodies and albumin throughout the body. This mechanism has been exploited for pharmaceutic delivery across an array of diseases to either enhance or diminish this function. Monoclonal antibodies and albumin-bound nanoparticles are examples of FcRn-dependent anti-cancer therapeutics. Despite its importance in drug delivery, little is known about FcRn expression in circulating immune cells. Through time-of-flight mass cytometry (CyTOF) we were able to characterize FcRn expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) populations of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients and non-cancer donors. Furthermore, we were able to replicate these findings in an orthotopic murine model of PDAC. Altogether, we found that in both patients and mice with PDAC, FcRn was elevated in migratory and resident classical dendritic cell type 2 (cDC2) as well as monocytic and granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) populations compared to tumor-free controls. Furthermore, PBMCs from PDAC patients had elevated monocyte, dendritic cells and MDSCs relative to non-cancer donor PBMCs. Future investigations into FcRn activity may further elucidate possible mechanisms of poor efficacy of antibody immunotherapies in patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Thomas
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.T.); (T.T.V.); (A.M.M.C.); (M.C.); (B.R.); (K.K.); (Z.X.); (S.K.K.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Molly A. Torok
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.A.T.); (K.A.); (T.P.); (Z.C.-M.); (D.H.O.)
| | - Kriti Agrawal
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.A.T.); (K.A.); (T.P.); (Z.C.-M.); (D.H.O.)
| | - Timothy Pfau
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.A.T.); (K.A.); (T.P.); (Z.C.-M.); (D.H.O.)
| | - Trang T. Vu
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.T.); (T.T.V.); (A.M.M.C.); (M.C.); (B.R.); (K.K.); (Z.X.); (S.K.K.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Justin Lyberger
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 420 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.L.); (H.C.); (G.K.B.)
| | - Hsiaochi Chang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 420 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.L.); (H.C.); (G.K.B.)
| | - Alyssa Marie M. Castillo
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.T.); (T.T.V.); (A.M.M.C.); (M.C.); (B.R.); (K.K.); (Z.X.); (S.K.K.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Min Chen
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.T.); (T.T.V.); (A.M.M.C.); (M.C.); (B.R.); (K.K.); (Z.X.); (S.K.K.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Bryan Remaily
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.T.); (T.T.V.); (A.M.M.C.); (M.C.); (B.R.); (K.K.); (Z.X.); (S.K.K.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Kyeongmin Kim
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.T.); (T.T.V.); (A.M.M.C.); (M.C.); (B.R.); (K.K.); (Z.X.); (S.K.K.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Zhiliang Xie
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.T.); (T.T.V.); (A.M.M.C.); (M.C.); (B.R.); (K.K.); (Z.X.); (S.K.K.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Mary E. Dillhoff
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 420 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Samuel K. Kulp
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.T.); (T.T.V.); (A.M.M.C.); (M.C.); (B.R.); (K.K.); (Z.X.); (S.K.K.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Gregory K. Behbehani
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 420 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.L.); (H.C.); (G.K.B.)
| | - Zobeida Cruz-Monserrate
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.A.T.); (K.A.); (T.P.); (Z.C.-M.); (D.H.O.)
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 420 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Latha P. Ganesan
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 420 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Dwight H. Owen
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.A.T.); (K.A.); (T.P.); (Z.C.-M.); (D.H.O.)
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 420 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mitch A. Phelps
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.T.); (T.T.V.); (A.M.M.C.); (M.C.); (B.R.); (K.K.); (Z.X.); (S.K.K.); (M.A.P.)
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.A.T.); (K.A.); (T.P.); (Z.C.-M.); (D.H.O.)
| | - Christopher C. Coss
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.T.); (T.T.V.); (A.M.M.C.); (M.C.); (B.R.); (K.K.); (Z.X.); (S.K.K.); (M.A.P.)
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.A.T.); (K.A.); (T.P.); (Z.C.-M.); (D.H.O.)
| | - Thomas A. Mace
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.A.T.); (K.A.); (T.P.); (Z.C.-M.); (D.H.O.)
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 420 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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20
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Hu H, Quintana J, Weissleder R, Parangi S, Miller M. Deciphering albumin-directed drug delivery by imaging. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 185:114237. [PMID: 35364124 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein, exhibits extended circulating half-life, and its properties have long been exploited for diagnostics and therapies. Many drugs intrinsically bind albumin or have been designed to do so, yet questions remain about true rate limiting factors that govern albumin-based transport and their pharmacological impacts, particularly in advanced solid cancers. Imaging techniques have been central to quantifying - at a molecular and single-cell level - the impact of mechanisms such as phagocytic immune cell signaling, FcRn-mediated recycling, oncogene-driven macropinocytosis, and albumin-drug interactions on spatial albumin deposition and related pharmacology. Macroscopic imaging of albumin-binding probes quantifies vessel structure, permeability, and supports efficiently targeted molecular imaging. Albumin-based imaging in patients and animal disease models thus offers a strategy to understand mechanisms, guide drug development and personalize treatments.
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21
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Functionalized Liposome and Albumin-Based Systems as Carriers for Poorly Water-Soluble Anticancer Drugs: An Updated Review. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020486. [PMID: 35203695 PMCID: PMC8962385 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In the available treatments, chemotherapy is one of the most used, but has several associated problems, namely the high toxicity to normal cells and the resistance acquired by cancer cells to the therapeutic agents. The scientific community has been battling against this disease, developing new strategies and new potential chemotherapeutic agents. However, new drugs often exhibit poor solubility in water, which led researchers to develop functionalized nanosystems to carry and, specifically deliver, the drugs to cancer cells, targeting overexpressed receptors, proteins, and organelles. Thus, this review is focused on the recent developments of functionalized nanosystems used to carry poorly water-soluble drugs, with special emphasis on liposomes and albumin-based nanosystems, two major classes of organic nanocarriers with formulations already approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for cancer therapeutics.
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22
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Yu L, Hua Z, Luo X, Zhao T, Liu Y. Systematic interaction of plasma albumin with the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1877:188655. [PMID: 34780933 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Albumin, as the most abundant plasma protein, plays an integral role in the transport of a variety of exogenous and endogenous ligands in the bloodstream and extravascular spaces. For exogenous drugs, especially chemotherapeutic drugs, binding to and being delivered by albumin can significantly affect their efficacy. Meanwhile, albumin can also bind to many endogenous ligands, such as fatty acids, with important physiological significance that can affect tumor proliferation and metabolism. In this review, we summarize how albumin with unique properties affects chemotherapeutic drugs efficacy from the aspects of drug outcome in blood, toxicity, tumor accumulation and direct or indirect interactions with fatty acids, plus application of albumin-based carriers for anti-tumor drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuchunyang Yu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhenglai Hua
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xinyi Luo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuanyan Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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23
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Huang Y, Wang L, Cheng Z, Yang B, Yu J, Chen Y, Lu W. SN38-based albumin-binding prodrug for efficient targeted cancer chemotherapy. J Control Release 2021; 339:297-306. [PMID: 34619226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Developing new therapeutic strategies that damage tumour cells without harming normal tissues is among the primary obstacles in chemotherapy. In this study, a novel β-glucuronidase-sensitive albumin-binding prodrug was designed and synthesized to selectively deliver the drug SN38 to tumour sites and maximize its efficacy. After intravenous administration, the prodrug Mal-glu-SN38 covalently bound to plasma albumin through the Michael addition, enabling it to accumulate in the tumour and release SN38 when triggered by extracellular β-glucuronidase. Compared to irinotecan, Mal-glu-SN38 displayed a slower plasma clearance and increased drug exposure over time. Moreover, Mal-glu-SN38 caused an increase in tumour-site accumulation of both the albumin-prodrug conjugate and free SN38 released from albumin conjugate when compared with irinotecan. After administration of multiple doses, Mal-glu-SN38 also significantly delayed the tumour growth, resulting in an impressive reduction or even disappearance of tumours (67% of mice cured) without causing any observable side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, PR China.
| | - Zhiyang Cheng
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, PR China
| | - Biyu Yang
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Jiahui Yu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, PR China
| | - Yi Chen
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Wei Lu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, PR China.
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24
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Rudnik-Jansen I, Howard KA. FcRn expression in cancer: Mechanistic basis and therapeutic opportunities. J Control Release 2021; 337:248-257. [PMID: 34245786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to identify new cellular targets to expand the repertoire, potency and safety of cancer therapeutics. Neonatal Fc Receptor (FcRn)-driven cellular recycling plays a predominant role in the prolonged serum half-life of human serum albumin (HSA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) exploited in long-acting cancer drug designs. FcRn-mediated HSA and IgG uptake in epithelial cells and dendritic cell antigen presentation offers new therapeutic opportunities beyond half-life extension. Altered FcRn expression in solid tumours accounting for HSA catabolism or recycling supports a role for FcRn in tumour metabolism and growth. This review addresses the mechanistic basis for different FcRn expression profiles observed in cancer and exploitation for targeted drug delivery. Furthermore, the review highlights FcRn-mediated immunosurveillance and immune therapy. FcRn offers a potential attractive cancer target but in-depth understanding of role and expression profiles during cancer pathogenesis is required for tailoring targeted drug designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imke Rudnik-Jansen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Kenneth A Howard
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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25
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Wang YY, Li L, Liu XJ, Miao QF, Li Y, Zhang MR, Zhen YS. Development of a novel multi-functional integrated bioconjugate that effectively targets K-Ras mutant pancreatic cancer. J Pharm Anal 2021; 12:232-242. [PMID: 35582405 PMCID: PMC9091918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Folate receptor (FR) overexpression occurs in a variety of cancers, including pancreatic cancer. In addition, enhanced macropinocytosis exists in K-Ras mutant pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, the occurrence of intensive desmoplasia causes a hypoxic microenvironment in pancreatic cancer. In this study, a novel FR-directed, macropinocytosis-enhanced, and highly cytotoxic bioconjugate folate (F)-human serum albumin (HSA)-apoprotein of lidamycin (LDP)-active enediyne (AE) derived from lidamycin was designed and prepared. F-HSA-LDP-AE consisted of four moieties: F, HSA, LDP, and AE. F-HSA-LDP presented high binding efficiency with the FR and pancreatic cancer cells. Its uptake in wild-type cells was more extensive than in K-Ras mutant-type cells. By in vivo optical imaging, F-HSA-LDP displayed prominent tumor-specific biodistribution in pancreatic cancer xenograft-bearing mice, showing clear and lasting tumor localization for 360 h. In the MTT assay, F-HSA-LDP-AE demonstrated potent cytotoxicity in three types of pancreatic cancer cell lines. It also induced apoptosis and caused G2/M cell cycle arrest. F-HSA-LDP-AE markedly suppressed the tumor growth of AsPc-1 pancreatic cancer xenografts in athymic mice. At well-tolerated doses of 0.5 and 1 mg/kg, (i.v., twice), the inhibition rates were 91.2% and 94.8%, respectively (P<0.01). The results of this study indicate that the F-HSA-LDP multi-functional bioconjugate might be effective for treating K-Ras mutant pancreatic cancer. We designed and generated a folate receptor-targeted and macropinocytosis-enhanced recombinant protein conjugate. F-HSA-LDP displayed highly specific biodistribution and long-lasting tumor accumulation in pancreatic cancer cells. F-HSA-LDP-AE induced apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest and markedly suppressed the growth of pancreatic cancer cells.
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26
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Clinicopathological Significance of Syndecan-1 in Cholangiocarcinoma: A Study Based on Immunohistochemistry and Public Sequencing Data. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10132745. [PMID: 34206469 PMCID: PMC8269152 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10132745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Syndecan-1 (CD138; SDC1) is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan that has been attributed a key role in cancer progression in ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. We therefore aimed to investigate the role of syndecan-1 in cholangiocarcinoma. Methods: We analyzed syndecan-1 expression in a large, clinicopathologically well-characterized collective of 154 intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, 221 extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas, and 95 gallbladder carcinomas as well as respective normal tissues and precursor lesions by immunohistochemistry with digital image analysis and correlated with recurrence-free survival and prognostic markers. Furthermore, we conducted an analysis of cancer genes in the cholangiocarcinoma cohort of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Results: During cholangiocarcinogenesis, syndecan-1-expression decreased when compared to normal bile ducts and biliary intraepithelial neoplasia; however, syndecan-1 levels were found to be elevated in lymph node metastases. In the TCGA cohort, high mRNA SDC1 levels were associated with poor prognosis in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. However, in our large cohort, the immunohistochemical syndecan-1 expression did not significantly correlate with recurrence-free survival. Conclusions: Syndecan-1 was found to be downregulated during cholangiocarcinogenesis, yet we could not show significant effects on prognosis on protein level. Further analyses are needed to further depict its specific role.
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27
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Burton KM, Johnson KM, Krueger EW, Razidlo GL, McNiven MA. Distinct forms of the actin cross-linking protein α-actinin support macropinosome internalization and trafficking. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:1393-1407. [PMID: 34010028 PMCID: PMC8694038 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-12-0755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The α-actinin family of actin cross-linking proteins have been implicated in driving tumor cell metastasis through regulation of the actin cytoskeleton; however, there has been little investigation into whether these proteins can influence tumor cell growth. We demonstrate that α-actinin 1 and 4 are essential for nutrient uptake through the process of macropinocytosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells, and inhibition of these proteins decreases tumor cell survival in the presence of extracellular protein. The α-actinin proteins play essential roles throughout the macropinocytic process, where α-actinin 4 stabilizes the actin cytoskeleton on the plasma membrane to drive membrane ruffling and macropinosome internalization and α-actinin 1 localizes to actin tails on macropinosomes to facilitate trafficking to the lysosome for degradation. In addition to tumor cell growth, we also observe that the α-actinin proteins can influence uptake of chemotherapeutics and extracellular matrix proteins through macropinocytosis, suggesting that the α-actinin proteins can regulate multiple tumor cell properties through this endocytic process. In summary, these data demonstrate a critical role for the α-actinin isoforms in tumor cell macropinocytosis, thereby affecting the growth and invasive potential of PDAC tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Burton
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
| | | | - Eugene W Krueger
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Gina L Razidlo
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Mark A McNiven
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
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28
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Andreasson C, Ansari D, Ekbom F, Andersson R. Macropinocytosis: the Achilles' heel of pancreatic cancer? Scand J Gastroenterol 2021; 56:177-179. [PMID: 33280476 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2020.1855471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carl Andreasson
- Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund SE -221 85, Sweden
| | - Daniel Ansari
- Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund SE -221 85, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Ekbom
- Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund SE -221 85, Sweden
| | - Roland Andersson
- Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund SE -221 85, Sweden
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29
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Nabeshima Y, Kataoka TR, Ueshima C, Saito N, Hirata M, Takeuchi Y, Takei Y, Moriyoshi K, Ono K, Haga H. Neonatal Fc receptor induces intravenous immunoglobulin growth suppression in Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Pathol Int 2021; 71:191-198. [PMID: 33497038 PMCID: PMC7986110 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) plays a role in trafficking IgG and albumin and is thought to mediate intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy for certain diseases. IVIG can be used for the treatment of human Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH); however, the mechanism remains unclear. The expression and function of FcRn protein have not been studied in LCH, though the expression of FcRn messenger RNA (mRNA) have been reported. In this report, we confirmed the expression of FcRn in 26 of 30 pathological cases (86.7%) diagnosed immunohistochemically as LCH. The expression was independent of age, gender, location, multi‐ or single‐system, and the status of BRAFV600E immunostaining. We also confirmed the expression of FcRn mRNA and protein in the human LCH‐like cell line, ELD‐1. FcRn suppressed albumin consumption and growth of IVIG preparation‐treated ELD‐1 cells, but not of IVIG preparation‐untreated or FcRn‐knockdown ELD‐1 cells. In addition, FITC‐conjugated albumin was taken into Rab11‐positive recycle vesicles in mock ELD‐1 cells but not in FcRn‐knockdown ELD‐1 cells. IVIG preparation prolonged this status in mock ELD‐1 cells. Therefore, ELD‐1 recycled albumin via FcRn and albumin was not used for metabolism. Our results increase our understanding of the molecular mechanism of IVIG treatment of LCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Nabeshima
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuki R Kataoka
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Chiyuki Ueshima
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Narumi Saito
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hirata
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Takeuchi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.,Clinical Bio Resource Center, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takei
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Saiseikai Noe Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koki Moriyoshi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuo Ono
- Department of Pathology, Japan Red Cross Society Wakayama Medical Center, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hironori Haga
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
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Liu X, Mohanty RP, Maier EY, Peng X, Wulfe S, Looney AP, Aung KL, Ghosh D. Controlled loading of albumin-drug conjugates ex vivo for enhanced drug delivery and antitumor efficacy. J Control Release 2020; 328:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Albumin-conjugated drug is irresistible by single gene mutation of endocytic system: Verification by genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 loss-of-function screens. J Control Release 2020; 323:311-320. [PMID: 32335155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Albumin-conjugated drugs attain KRAS mutant cancer targeting through KRAS-enhanced macropinocytosis and intensified lysosomal degradation due to reduced neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) expression. The cytosolic delivery of active payloads relies on endocytosis and subsequent intracellular processing of albumin delivery vehicles, wherein complex regulatory mechanisms and molecular machineries are closely involved. Despite the obvious merit of KRAS targeting, could such an endocytic process involving extra molecular regulators also bring about extra vulnerabilities to albumin-conjugated drugs, particularly, unexpected drug resistance? To assess such risks, here we performed an unbiased drug resistance mechanism comparison in pancreatic cancer, between free triptolide (TP, a potent cytotoxin) and albumin-conjugated TP, using genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 loss-of-function screens. GTF2H5, a subunit of GTF2H transcription factor complex, was the only hit identified regardless of forms of TP treatment. With drug efficacy tests on GTF2H5 knockout clones, we further concluded that GTF2H5 deficiency conferred drug resistance primarily due to the pharmacological mechanism of action (MoA) of TP. In addition, molecules previously considered to be able to affect endocytosis and intracellular processing were not enriched during the screening with albumin-conjugated TP. With the aid of genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 loss-of-function screens, we conclude that the pharmacological resistance of the active payload, rather than any potential loss-of-function mutations in endocytic molecular machineries, is the solely crucial drug resistance mechanism of albumin-conjugated drugs.
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Cadena Castaneda D, Brachet G, Goupille C, Ouldamer L, Gouilleux-Gruart V. The neonatal Fc receptor in cancer FcRn in cancer. Cancer Med 2020; 9:4736-4742. [PMID: 32368865 PMCID: PMC7333860 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the neonatal IgG Fc receptor (FcRn) was discovered, it was found to be involved in immunoglobulin recycling and biodistribution, immune complexes routing, antigen presentation, humoral immune response, and cancer immunosurveillance. The latest data show that FcRn plays a part in cancer pathophysiology. In various types of cancers, such as lung and colorectal cancer, FcRn has been described as an early marker for prognosis. Dysregulation of FcRn expression by cancer cells allows them to increase their metabolism, and this process could be exploited for passive targeting of cytotoxic drugs. However, the roles of this receptor depend on whether the studied cell population is the tumor tissue or the infiltrating cells, bringing forward the need for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Caroline Goupille
- CHRU de Tours, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, INSERM, Tours, France
| | - Lobna Ouldamer
- CHRU de Tours, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, INSERM, Tours, France
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FcRn overexpression in human cancer drives albumin recycling and cell growth; a mechanistic basis for exploitation in targeted albumin-drug designs. J Control Release 2020; 322:53-63. [PMID: 32145268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Albumin accumulation in tumours could reflect a role of albumin in transport of endogenous nutrient cargos required for cellular growth and not just a suggested source of amino acids; a role driven by albumin engagement with its cognate cellular recycling neonatal Fc receptor. We investigate the hypothesis that albumin cellular recruitment is increased by higher human FcRn (hFcRn) expression in human cancer tissue that provides the mechanistic basis for exploitation in albumin-based drug designs engineered to optimise this process. Eight out of ten different human cancer tissue types screened for hFcRn expression by immunohistochemistry (310 samples) exhibited significantly higher hFcRn expression compared to healthy tissues. Accelerated tumour growth over 28 days in mice inoculated with hFcRn-expressing HT-29 human colorectal cancer cell xenografts, compared to CRISPR/Cas9 hFcRn-knockout HT-29, suggests a hFcRn-mediated tumour growth effect. Direct correlation between hFcRn expression and albumin recycling supports hFcRn-mediated diversion of albumin from lysosomal degradation. Two-fold increase in accumulation of fluorescent labelled high-binding hFcRn albumin, compared to wild type albumin, in luciferase MDA-MB-231-Luc-D3H2LN breast cancer xenografts was shown. This work identifies overexpression of hFcRn in several human cancer types with mechanistic data suggesting hFcRn-driven albumin recruitment for increased cellular growth that has the potential to be exploited with high hFcRn-binding albumin variants for targeted therapies.
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Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment: An Unexplored Strategy for Mutant KRAS Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11122010. [PMID: 31847096 PMCID: PMC6966533 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11122010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Current evidence strongly suggests that cancer cells depend on the microenvironment in order to thrive. In fact, signals from the surrounding tumor microenvironment are crucial for cancer cells´ aggressiveness, altering their expression profile and favoring their metastatic potential. As such, targeting the tumor microenvironment to impair cancer progression became an attractive therapeutic option. Interestingly, it has been shown that oncogenic KRAS signaling promotes a pro-tumorigenic microenvironment, and the associated crosstalk alters the expression profile of cancer cells. These findings award KRAS a key role in controlling the interactions between cancer cells and the microenvironment, granting cancer a poor prognosis. Given the lack of effective approaches to target KRAS itself or its downstream effectors in the clinic, exploring such interactions may open new perspectives on possible therapeutic strategies to hinder mutant KRAS tumors. This review highlights those communications and their implications for the development of effective therapies or to provide insights regarding response to existing regimens.
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Liu X, Ghosh D. Intracellular nanoparticle delivery by oncogenic KRAS-mediated macropinocytosis. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:6589-6600. [PMID: 31496700 PMCID: PMC6701665 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s212861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The RAS family of oncogenes (KRAS, HRAS, NRAS) are the most frequent mutations in cancers and regulate key signaling pathways that drive tumor progression. As a result, drug delivery targeting RAS-driven tumors has been a long-standing challenge in cancer therapy. Mutant RAS activates cancer cells to actively take up nutrients, including glucose, lipids, and albumin, via macropinocytosis to fulfill their energetic requirements to survive and proliferate. Purpose We exploit macropinocytosis pathway to deliver nanoparticles (NPs) in cancer cells harboring activating KRAS mutations. Methods NPs were synthesized by the desolvation method. The physicochemical properties and stability of NPs were characterized by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. Uptake of fluorescently labelled NPs in wild-type and mutant KRAS cells were quantitively determined by flow cytometry and qualitatively by fluorescent microscopy. NP uptake by KRAS-driven macropinocytosis was confirmed by pharmacological inhibition and genetic knockdown. Results We have synthesized stable albumin NPs that demonstrate significantly greater uptake in cancer cells with activating mutations of KRA S than monomeric albumin (ie, dissociated form of clinically used nab-paclitaxel). From pharmacological inhibition and semi-quantitative fluorescent microscopy studies, these NPs exhibit significantly increased uptake in mutant KRAS cancer cells than wild-type KRAS cells by macropinocytosis. Conclusions The uptake of albumin nanoparticles is driven by KRAS. This NP-based strategy targeting RAS-driven macropinocytosis is a facile approach toward improved delivery into KRAS-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinquan Liu
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Debadyuti Ghosh
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Pyzik M, Sand KMK, Hubbard JJ, Andersen JT, Sandlie I, Blumberg RS. The Neonatal Fc Receptor (FcRn): A Misnomer? Front Immunol 2019; 10:1540. [PMID: 31354709 PMCID: PMC6636548 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies are essential components of an adaptive immune response. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the most common type of antibody found in circulation and extracellular fluids. Although IgG alone can directly protect the body from infection through the activities of its antigen binding region, the majority of IgG immune functions are mediated via proteins and receptors expressed by specialized cell subsets that bind to the fragment crystallizable (Fc) region of IgG. Fc gamma (γ) receptors (FcγR) belong to a broad family of proteins that presently include classical membrane-bound surface receptors as well as atypical intracellular receptors and cytoplasmic glycoproteins. Among the atypical FcγRs, the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) has increasingly gained notoriety given its intimate influence on IgG biology and its ability to also bind to albumin. FcRn functions as a recycling or transcytosis receptor that is responsible for maintaining IgG and albumin in the circulation, and bidirectionally transporting these two ligands across polarized cellular barriers. More recently, it has been appreciated that FcRn acts as an immune receptor by interacting with and facilitating antigen presentation of peptides derived from IgG immune complexes (IC). Here we review FcRn biology and focus on newer advances including how emerging FcRn-targeted therapies may affect the immune responses to IgG and IgG IC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Pyzik
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kine M K Sand
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jonathan J Hubbard
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jan Terje Andersen
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Inger Sandlie
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Richard S Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Digestive Diseases Center, Boston, MA, United States
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