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Lekjinda K, Sunintaboon P, Watthanaphanit A, Tangboriboonrat P, Ubol S. Ag/Au-incorporated trimethyl chitosan-shell hybrid particles as reinforcing and antioxidant fillers for trimethyl chitosan hydrogel. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 337:122132. [PMID: 38710548 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
N,N,N-Trimethyl chitosan (TMC) is a quaternized chitosan with versatile biological features. However, low mechanical strength limits its uses, for example, as hydrogels for tissue engineering applications. This study illustrates a viable synthesis of metal/polymer hybrid, core-shell colloidal particles and their use as reinforcing and antioxidant fillers for TMC hydrogels. The core-shell particles were initially synthesized by surfactant-free emulsion polymerization, induced by a photo-redox initiating system of riboflavin assisted by a 3° amine and 2° alcohol co-initiators. The synthesized core-shell particles were based on two polymeric shells: TMC and chitosan, and two polymeric cores: poly (hydroxypropyl methacrylate) (PHPMA) and poly(2-hydroxy ethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA). The presence of both 3° amine on TMC and 2° alcohol on HPMA monomer enhanced the photopolymerization performance. The TMC-based particles had sizes of 122-154 nm and zeta potentials of 10-35 mV, bringing the colloidal stability in the 4-10 pH range. Furthermore, due to the presence of TMC on the shell layer, the core-shell particles could be used as templates to grow the Ag/Au bimetallic nanoparticles with alloy and core-shell types through a thermal reduction. The prepared hybrid particles were incorporated in TMC hydrogels as a multifunctional filler, improving their mechanical and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritsadayut Lekjinda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Panya Sunintaboon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Anyarat Watthanaphanit
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Sukathida Ubol
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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2
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Zheng J, Wang M, Pang L, Wang S, Kong Y, Zhu X, Zhou X, Wang X, Chen C, Ning H, Zhao W, Zhai W, Qi Y, Wu Y, Gao Y. Identification of a novel DEC-205 binding peptide to develop dendritic cell-targeting nanovaccine for cancer immunotherapy. J Control Release 2024; 373:568-582. [PMID: 39067792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Cancer vaccine is regarded as an effective immunotherapy approach mediated by dendritic cells (DCs) which are crucial for antigen presentation and the initiation of adaptive immune responses. However, lack of DC-targeting properties significantly hampers the efficacy of cancer vaccines. Here, by using the phage display technique, peptides targeting the endocytic receptor DEC-205 primarily found on cDC1s were initially screened. An optimized hydrolysis-resistant peptide, hr-8, was identified and conjugated to PLGA-loaded antigen (Ag) and CpG adjuvant nanoparticles, resulting in a DC-targeting nanovaccine. The nanovaccine hr-8-PLGA@Ag/CpG facilitates dendritic cell maturation and improves antigen cross-presentation. The nanovaccine can enhance the antitumor immune response mediated by CD8+ T cells by encapsulating the nanovaccine with either exogenous OVA protein antigen or endogenous gp100/E7 antigenic peptide. As a result, strong antitumor effects are observed in both anti-PD-1 responsive B16-OVA and anti-PD-1 non-responsive B16 and TC1 immunocompetent tumor models. In summary, this study presents the initial documentation of a nanovaccine that targets dendritic cells via the novel DEC-205 binding peptide. This approach offers a new method for developing cancer vaccines that can potentially improve the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mingshuang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Liwei Pang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yanan Kong
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xueqin Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiuman Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xiaoxi Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chunxia Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Haoming Ning
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wenshan Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wenjie Zhai
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuanming Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yahong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
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3
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Zhong S(J, Liu X, Kaneko T, Feng Y, Hovey O, Yang K, Ezra S, Ha SD, Kim S, McCormick JK, Liu H, Li SSC. Peptide Blockers of PD-1-PD-L1 Interaction Reinvigorate PD-1-Suppressed T Cells and Curb Tumor Growth in Mice. Cells 2024; 13:1193. [PMID: 39056775 PMCID: PMC11274521 DOI: 10.3390/cells13141193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) plays a critical role in cancer immune evasion. Blocking the PD-1-PD-L1 interaction by monoclonal antibodies has shown remarkable clinical efficacy in treating certain types of cancer. However, antibodies are costly to produce, and antibody-based therapies can cause immune-related adverse events. To address the limitations associated with current PD-1/PD-L1 blockade immunotherapy, we aimed to develop peptide-based inhibitors of the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction as an alternative means to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade antibodies for anti-cancer immunotherapy. Through the functional screening of peptide arrays encompassing the ectodomains of PD-1 and PD-L1, followed by the optimization of the hit peptides for solubility and stability, we have identified a 16-mer peptide, named mL7N, with a remarkable efficacy in blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction both in vitro and in vivo. The mL7N peptide effectively rejuvenated PD-1-suppressed T cells in multiple cellular systems designed to recapitulate the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction in the context of T-cell receptor signaling. Furthermore, PA-mL7N, a chimera of the mL7N peptide coupled to albumin-binding palmitic acid (PA), significantly promoted breast cancer cell killing by peripheral blood mononuclear cells ex vivo and significantly curbed tumor growth in a syngeneic mouse model of breast cancer. Our work raises the prospect that mL7N may serve as a prototype for the development of a new line of peptide-based immunomodulators targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint with potential applications in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan (Jenny) Zhong
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (S.Z.); (X.L.); (T.K.); (Y.F.); (O.H.); (K.Y.); (S.E.)
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (S.Z.); (X.L.); (T.K.); (Y.F.); (O.H.); (K.Y.); (S.E.)
| | - Tomonori Kaneko
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (S.Z.); (X.L.); (T.K.); (Y.F.); (O.H.); (K.Y.); (S.E.)
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (S.Z.); (X.L.); (T.K.); (Y.F.); (O.H.); (K.Y.); (S.E.)
| | - Owen Hovey
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (S.Z.); (X.L.); (T.K.); (Y.F.); (O.H.); (K.Y.); (S.E.)
| | - Kyle Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (S.Z.); (X.L.); (T.K.); (Y.F.); (O.H.); (K.Y.); (S.E.)
| | - Sally Ezra
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (S.Z.); (X.L.); (T.K.); (Y.F.); (O.H.); (K.Y.); (S.E.)
| | - Soon-Duck Ha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (S.-D.H.); (S.K.); (J.K.M.)
| | - Sung Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (S.-D.H.); (S.K.); (J.K.M.)
| | - John K. McCormick
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (S.-D.H.); (S.K.); (J.K.M.)
| | - Huadong Liu
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Health and Rehabilitation University, 369 Dengyun Rd, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Shawn Shun-Cheng Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (S.Z.); (X.L.); (T.K.); (Y.F.); (O.H.); (K.Y.); (S.E.)
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4
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Wang C, Tang H, Duan Y, Zhang Q, Shan W, Wang X, Ren L. Oral biomimetic virus vaccine hydrogel for robust abscopal antitumour efficacy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 674:92-107. [PMID: 38917715 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.06.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Remarkable progress has been made in tumour immunotherapy in recent decades. However, the clinical outcomes of therapeutic interventions remain unpredictable, largely because of inefficient immune responses. To address this challenge and optimise immune stimulation, we present a novel administration route for enhancing the bioavailability of immunotherapeutic drugs. Our approach involves the development of an oral tumour vaccine utilising virus-like particles derived from the Hepatitis B virus core (HBc) antigen. The external surfaces of these particles are engineered to display the model tumour antigen OVA, whereas the interiors are loaded with cytosine phosphoguanosine oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG ODN), resulting in a construct called CpG@OVAHBc with enhanced antigenicity and immune response. For oral delivery, CpG@OVAHBc is encapsulated in a crosslinked dextran hydrogel called CpG@OVAHBc@Dex. The external hydrogel shield safeguards the biomimetic virus particles from degradation by gastric acid and proteases. Upon exposure to intestinal flora, the hydrogel disintegrates, releasing CpG@OVAHBc at the intestinal mucosal site. Owing to its virus-like structure, CpG@OVAHBc exhibits enhanced adhesion to the mucosal surface, facilitating uptake by microfold cells (M cells) and subsequent transmission to antigen-presenting cells. The enzyme-triggered release of this oral hydrogel ensures the integrity of the tumour vaccine within the digestive tract, allowing targeted release and significantly improving bioavailability. Beyond its efficacy, this oral hydrogel vaccine streamlines drug administration, alleviates patient discomfort, and enhances treatment compliance without the need for specialised injection methods. Consequently, our approach expands the horizons of vaccine development in the field of oral drug administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chufan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province University/Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Haobo Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province University/Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Yufei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province University/Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province University/Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Wenjun Shan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, PR China.
| | - Xiumin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.
| | - Lei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province University/Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China; State Key Lab of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China.
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5
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Peng Y, Liang S, Meng QF, Liu D, Ma K, Zhou M, Yun K, Rao L, Wang Z. Engineered Bio-Based Hydrogels for Cancer Immunotherapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2313188. [PMID: 38362813 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy represents a revolutionary paradigm in cancer management, showcasing its potential to impede tumor metastasis and recurrence. Nonetheless, challenges including limited therapeutic efficacy and severe immune-related side effects are frequently encountered, especially in solid tumors. Hydrogels, a class of versatile materials featuring well-hydrated structures widely used in biomedicine, offer a promising platform for encapsulating and releasing small molecule drugs, biomacromolecules, and cells in a controlled manner. Immunomodulatory hydrogels present a unique capability for augmenting immune activation and mitigating systemic toxicity through encapsulation of multiple components and localized administration. Notably, hydrogels based on biopolymers have gained significant interest owing to their biocompatibility, environmental friendliness, and ease of production. This review delves into the recent advances in bio-based hydrogels in cancer immunotherapy and synergistic combinatorial approaches, highlighting their diverse applications. It is anticipated that this review will guide the rational design of hydrogels in the field of cancer immunotherapy, fostering clinical translation and ultimately benefiting patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qian-Fang Meng
- Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Kongshuo Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Mengli Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Kaiqing Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lang Rao
- Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
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Zhou X, Li Y, Zhang X, Li B, Jin S, Wu M, Zhou X, Dong Q, Du J, Zhai W, Wu Y, Qiu L, Li G, Qi Y, Zhao W, Gao Y. Hemin blocks TIGIT/PVR interaction and induces ferroptosis to elicit synergistic effects of cancer immunotherapy. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:996-1009. [PMID: 38324132 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2472-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The immune checkpoint TIGIT/PVR blockade exhibits significant antitumor effects through activation of NK and CD8+ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) could induce tumor ferroptosis through IFN-γ released by immune cells, indicating the synergetic effects of ICB with ferroptosis in inhibiting tumor growth. However, the development of TIGIT/PVR inhibitors with ferroptosis-inducing effects has not been explored yet. In this study, the small molecule Hemin that could bind with TIGIT to block TIGIT/PVR interaction was screened by virtual molecular docking and cell-based blocking assay. Hemin could effectively restore the IL-2 secretion from Jurkat-hTIGIT cells. Hemin reinvigorated the function of CD8+ T cells to secrete IFN-γ and the elevated IFN-γ could synergize with Hemin to induce ferroptosis in tumor cells. Hemin inhibited tumor growth by boosting CD8+ T cell immune response and inducing ferroptosis in CT26 tumor model. More importantly, Hemin in combination with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade exhibited more effective antitumor efficacy in anti-PD-1 resistant B16 tumor model. In summary, our finding indicated that Hemin blocked TIGIT/PVR interaction and induced tumor cell ferroptosis, which provided a new therapeutic strategy to combine immunotherapy and ferroptosis for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiangrui Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Beibei Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shengzhe Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Menghan Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiuman Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen Campus, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Qingyu Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jiangfeng Du
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wenjie Zhai
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yahong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Lu Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen Campus, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Guodong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yuanming Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wenshan Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen Campus, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
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7
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Song Y, Lei L, Cai X, Wei H, Yu CY. Immunomodulatory Peptides for Tumor Treatment. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400512. [PMID: 38657003 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Peptides exhibit various biological activities, including biorecognition, cell targeting, and tumor penetration, and can stimulate immune cells to elicit immune responses for tumor immunotherapy. Peptide self-assemblies and peptide-functionalized nanocarriers can reduce the effect of various biological barriers and the degradation by peptidases, enhancing the efficiency of peptide delivery and improving antitumor immune responses. To date, the design and development of peptides with various functionalities have been extensively reviewed for enhanced chemotherapy; however, peptide-mediated tumor immunotherapy using peptides acting on different immune cells, to the knowledge, has not yet been summarized. Thus, this work provides a review of this emerging subject of research, focusing on immunomodulatory anticancer peptides. This review introduces the role of peptides in the immunomodulation of innate and adaptive immune cells, followed by a link between peptides in the innate and adaptive immune systems. The peptides are discussed in detail, following a classification according to their effects on different innate and adaptive immune cells, as well as immune checkpoints. Subsequently, two delivery strategies for peptides as drugs are presented: peptide self-assemblies and peptide-functionalized nanocarriers. The concluding remarks regarding the challenges and potential solutions of peptides for tumor immunotherapy are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Longtianyang Lei
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Xingyu Cai
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Hua Wei
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Cui-Yun Yu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410013, China
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8
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Deng P, Dong X, Wu Z, Hou X, Mao L, Guo J, Zhao W, Peng C, Zhang Z, Peng L. Development of Glycosylation-Modified DPPA-1 Compounds as Innovative PD-1/PD-L1 Blockers: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation. Molecules 2024; 29:1898. [PMID: 38675717 PMCID: PMC11054459 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In the context of peptide drug development, glycosylation plays a pivotal role. Accordingly, L-type peptides were synthesized predicated upon the PD-1/PD-L1 blocker DPPA-1. Subsequent glycosylation resulted in the production of two distinct glycopeptides, D-glu-LPPA-1 and D-gal-LPPA-1, by using D-glucose (D-glu) and D-galactose (D-gal), respectively, during glycosylation. Both glycopeptides significantly inhibited the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1, and the measured half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) were 75.5 μM and 101.9 μM for D-glu-LPPA-1 and D-gal-LPPA-1, respectively. Furthermore, D-gal-LPPA-1 displayed a pronounced ability to restore T-cell functionality. In an MC38 tumor-bearing mouse model, D-gal-LPPA-1 demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect. Notably, D-gal-LPPA-1 substantially augmented the abundance and functionality of CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, in the lymph nodes and spleens, D-gal-LPPA-1 significantly increased the proportion of CD8+ T cells secreting interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). These strong findings position D-gal-LPPA-1 as a potent enhancer of the antitumor immune response in MC38 tumor-bearing mice, underscoring its potential as a formidable PD-1/PD-L1 blocking agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Deng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaodan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Ziyuan Wu
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Xixi Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Longfei Mao
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Jingjing Guo
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence Driven Drug Discovery, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao 999078, China;
| | - Wenshan Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Chune Peng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- School of Sciences, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lizeng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
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9
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Xu Y, Du H, Guo W, Liu B, Yan W, Zhang C, Qin L, Huang J, Wang H, Wu S, Ren W, Zou Y, Wang J, Zhu Q, Xu Y, Gu H. Discovery of Highly Potent Small-Molecule PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with a Novel Scaffold for Cancer Immunotherapy. J Med Chem 2024; 67:4083-4099. [PMID: 38348878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
Inhibition of the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction through small-molecule inhibitors is a promising therapeutic approach in cancer immunotherapy. Herein, we utilized BMS-202 as the lead compound to develop a series of novel PD-1/PD-L1 small-molecule inhibitors with a naphthyridin scaffold. Among these compounds, X14 displayed the most potent inhibitory activity for the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction (IC50 = 15.73 nM). Furthermore, X14 exhibited good binding affinity to both human PD-L1 (KD = 14.62 nM) and mouse PD-L1 (KD = 392 nM). In particular, X14 showed favorable pharmacokinetic properties (oral bioavailability, F = 58.0%). In the 4T1 (mouse breast cancer cells) syngeneic mouse model, intragastric administration of X14 at 10 mg/kg displayed significant antitumor efficacy (TGI = 66%). Mechanistic investigations revealed that X14 effectively enhanced T-cell infiltration within the tumor microenvironment. Our study demonstrates that compound X14 exhibits potential as a candidate compound for the development of orally effective small-molecule inhibitors targeting PD-1/PD-L1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongling Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Huijie Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Weibo Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
- Xi'an Xintong Pharmaceutical Research Co., Ltd, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Wenxin Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Xi'an Xintong Pharmaceutical Research Co., Ltd, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Long Qin
- Xi'an Xintong Pharmaceutical Research Co., Ltd, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jingling Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Shiqi Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Weijie Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yi Zou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jie Wang
- China Pharmaceutical University Center for Analysis and Testing, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Qihua Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yungen Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Hongfeng Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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10
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Jin S, Wang H, Li Y, Yang J, Li B, Shi P, Zhang X, Zhou X, Zhou X, Niu X, Wu M, Wu Y, Zhai W, Qi Y, Gao Y, Zhao W. Discovery of a novel small molecule as CD47/SIRPα and PD-1/PD-L1 dual inhibitor for cancer immunotherapy. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:173. [PMID: 38462636 PMCID: PMC10926604 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01555-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeting the tumor microenvironment (TME) has emerged as a promising strategy in cancer treatment, particularly through the utilization of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) agents such as PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Despite partial success, the presence of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) contributes to an immunosuppressive TME that fosters tumor progression, and diminishes the therapeutic efficacy of ICB. Blockade of the CD47/SIRPα pathway has proven to be an effective intervention, that restores macrophage phagocytosis and yields substantial antitumor effects, especially when combined with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. Therefore, the identification of small molecules capable of simultaneously blocking CD47/SIRPα and PD-1/PD-L1 interactions has remained imperative. METHODS SMC18, a small molecule with the capacity of targeting both SIRPα and PD-L1 was obtained using MST. The efficiency of SMC18 in interrupting CD47/SIRPα and PD-1/PD-L1 interactions was tested by the blocking assay. The function of SMC18 in enhancing the activity of macrophages and T cells was tested using phagocytosis assay and co-culture assay. The antitumor effects and mechanisms of SMC18 were investigated in the MC38-bearing mouse model. RESULTS SMC18, a small molecule that dual-targets both SIRPα and PD-L1 protein, was identified. SMC18 effectively blocked CD47/SIRPα interaction, thereby restoring macrophage phagocytosis, and disrupted PD-1/PD-L1 interactions, thus activating Jurkat cells, as evidenced by increased secretion of IL-2. SMC18 demonstrated substantial inhibition of MC38 tumor growths through promoting the infiltration of CD8+ T and M1-type macrophages into tumor sites, while also priming the function of CD8+ T cells and macrophages. Moreover, SMC18 in combination with radiotherapy (RT) further improved the therapeutic efficacy. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that the small molecule compound SMC18, which dual-targets the CD47/SIRPα and PD-1/PD-L1 pathways, could be a candidate for promoting macrophage- and T-cell-mediated phagocytosis and immune responses in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhe Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Hongfei Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Beibei Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Peishang Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiangrui Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiuman Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Niu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Menghan Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yahong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wenjie Zhai
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yuanming Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
| | - Wenshan Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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Qian Y, Sun Y, Shi P, Zhou X, Zhang Q, Dong Q, Jin S, Qiu L, Niu X, Zhou X, Zhao W, Wu Y, Zhai W, Gao Y. Development of LAG-3/FGL1 blocking peptide and combination with radiotherapy for cancer immunotherapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:1150-1165. [PMID: 38486998 PMCID: PMC10935467 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Aside from antibodies, peptides show great potential as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) due to several advantages, such as better tumor penetration and lower cost. Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) is an immune checkpoint which can induce T cell dysfunction through interaction with its soluble ligand fibrinogen like protein-1 (FGL1). Here, we found that LAG-3 expression was higher than programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) in multiple human cancers by TCGA databases, and successfully identified a LAG-3 binding peptide LFP-6 by phage display bio-panning, which specifically blocks the interaction of LAG-3/FGL1 but not LAG-3/MHC-II. Subsequently, d-amino acids were introduced to substitute the N- and C-terminus of LFP-6 to obtain the proteolysis-resistant peptide LFP-D1, which restores T cell function in vitro and inhibits tumor growth in vivo. Further, a bispecific peptide LFOP targeting both PD-1/PD-L1 and LAG-3/FGL1 was designed by conjugating LFP-D1 with PD-1/PD-L1 blocking peptide OPBP-1(8-12), which activates T cell with enhanced proliferation and IFN-γ production. More importantly, LFOP combined with radiotherapy significantly improve the T cell infiltration in tumor and elevate systemic antitumor immune response. In conclusion, we developed a novel peptide blocking LAG-3/FGL1 which can restore T cell function, and the bispecific peptide synergizes with radiotherapy to further enhance the antitumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Qian
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yixuan Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Peishang Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiuman Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Qiongqiong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qingyu Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Shengzhe Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lu Qiu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Niu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wenshan Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yahong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wenjie Zhai
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
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12
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He W, Zhang Y, Qu Y, Liu M, Li G, Pan L, Xu X, Shi G, Hao Q, Liu F, Gao Y. Research progress on hydrogel-based drug therapy in melanoma immunotherapy. BMB Rep 2024; 57:71-78. [PMID: 38053295 PMCID: PMC10910090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most aggressive skin tumors, and conventional treatment modalities are not effective in treating advanced melanoma. Although immunotherapy is an effective treatment for melanoma, it has disadvantages, such as a poor response rate and serious systemic immune-related toxic side effects. The main solution to this problem is the use of biological materials such as hydrogels to reduce these side effects and amplify the immune killing effect against tumor cells. Hydrogels have great advantages as local slow-release drug carriers, including the ability to deliver antitumor drugs directly to the tumor site, enhance the local drug concentration in tumor tissue, reduce systemic drug distribution and exhibit good degradability. Despite these advantages, there has been limited research on the application of hydrogels in melanoma treatment. Therefore, this article provides a comprehensive review of the potential application of hydrogels in melanoma immunotherapy. Hydrogels can serve as carriers for sustained drug delivery, enabling the targeted and localized delivery of drugs with minimal systemic side effects. This approach has the potential to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy for melanoma. Thus, the use of hydrogels as drug delivery vehicles for melanoma immunotherapy has great potential and warrants further exploration. [BMB Reports 2024; 57(2): 71-78].
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Yanqin Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Yi Qu
- Department of Xi’an Shunmei Medical Cosmetology Outpatient, Xi’an 710075, China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Guodong Li
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Luxiang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Xinyao Xu
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Gege Shi
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Qiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Fen Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Shenzhen Stomatological Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 510515, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
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Wang K, Xu Y, Huang H, Peng D, Chen J, Li P, Du B. Porcupine quills keratin peptides induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via p53/p21 pathway and caspase cascade reaction in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:1741-1755. [PMID: 37862230 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Porcupine quills, a by-product of porcupine pork, are rich in keratin, which is an excellent source of bioactive peptides. The objective of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanism of anti-proliferation effect of porcupine quills keratin peptides (PQKPs) on MCF-7 cells. RESULTS Results showed that PQKPs induced MCF-7 cells apoptosis by significantly decreasing the secretion level of anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2 and increasing the secretion levels of pro-apoptosis proteins Bax, cytochrome c, caspase 9, caspase 3 and PARP. PQKPs also arrested the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase via remarkably reducing the protein levels of CDK4 and enhancing the protein levels of p53 and p21. High-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) analysis identified nine peptides with molecular weights less than 1000 Da in PQKPs. Molecular docking results showed that TPGPPT and KGPAC identified from PQKPs could bind with p53 mutant and Bcl-2 protein by conventional hydrogen bonds, carbon hydrogen bonds and van der Waals force. Furthermore, the anti-proliferation impact of synthesized peptides (TPGPPT and KGPAC) was shown in MCF-7 cells. CONCLUSION These findings indicated that PQKPs suppressed the proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells by triggering apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Moreover, the outcome of this study will bring fresh insights into the production and application of animal byproducts. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanan Xu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haozhang Huang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Peng
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pan Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Du
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Zhou Z, Wang H, Li J, Jiang X, Li Z, Shen J. Recent progress, perspectives, and issues of engineered PD-L1 regulation nano-system to better cure tumor: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127911. [PMID: 37939766 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Currently, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies that target the programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) have been used as revolutionary cancer treatments in the clinic. Apart from restoring the antitumor response of cytotoxic T cells by blocking the interaction between PD-L1 on tumor cells and programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) on T cells, PD-L1 proteins were also newly revealed to possess the capacity to accelerate DNA damage repair (DDR) and enhance tumor growth through multiple mechanisms, leading to the impaired efficacy of tumor therapies. Nevertheless, current free anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy still suffered from poor therapeutic outcomes in most solid tumors due to the non-selective tumor accumulation, ineludible severe cytotoxic effects, as well as the common occurrence of immune resistance. Recently, nanoparticles with efficient tumor-targeting capacity, tumor-responsive prosperity, and versatility for combination therapy were identified as new avenues for PD-L1 targeting cancer immunotherapies. In this review, we first summarized the multiple functions of PD-L1 protein in promoting tumor growth, accelerating DDR, as well as depressing immunotherapy efficacy. Following this, the effects and mechanisms of current clinically widespread tumor therapies on tumor PD-L1 expression were discussed. Then, we reviewed the recent advances in nanoparticles for anti-PD-L1 therapy via using PD-L1 antibodies, small interfering RNA (siRNA), microRNA (miRNA), clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), peptide, and small molecular drugs. At last, we discussed the challenges and perspectives to promote the clinical application of nanoparticles-based PD-L1-targeting therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaigang Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Haoxiang Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Zhangping Li
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, China.
| | - Jianliang Shen
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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15
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Yang X, Li W, Li S, Chen S, Hu Z, He Z, Zhu X, Niu X, Zhou X, Li H, Xiao Y, Liu J, Sui X, Chen G, Gao Y. Fish oil-based microemulsion can efficiently deliver oral peptide blocking PD-1/PD-L1 and simultaneously induce ferroptosis for cancer immunotherapy. J Control Release 2024; 365:654-667. [PMID: 38030081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Peptide immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer immunotherapy have attracted great attention recently, but oral delivery of these peptides remains a huge challenge due to the harsh gastrointestinal environment, large molecular size, high hydrophilic, and poor transmembrane permeability. Here, for the first time, a fish oil-based microemulsion was developed for oral delivery of programmed death-1/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) blocking model peptide, OPBP-1. The delivery system was characterized, in vitro and in vivo studies were conducted to evaluate its overall implication. As a result, this nutraceutical microemulsion was easily formed without the need of co-surfactants, and it appeared light yellow, transparent, good flowability with a particle size of 152 ± 0.73 nm, with a sustained drug release manner of 56.45 ± 0.36% over 24 h and a great stability within the harsh intestinal environment. It enhanced intestinal drug uptake and transportation over human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells, and drastically elevated the oral peptide bioavailability of 4.1-fold higher than that of OPBP-1 solution. Meanwhile, the mechanism of these dietary droplets permeated over the intestinal enterocytic membrane was found via clathrin and caveolae-mediated endocytic pathways. From the in vivo studies, the microemulsion facilitated the infiltration of CD8+ T lymphocytes in tumors, with increased interferon-γ (IFN-γ) secretion. Thus, it manifested a promising immune anti-tumor effect and significantly inhibited the growth of murine colonic carcinoma (CT26). Furthermore, it was found that the fish oil could induce ferroptosis in tumor cells and exhibited synergistic effect with OPBP-1 for cancer immunotherapy. In conclusion, this fish oil-based formulation demonstrated great potential for oral delivery of peptides with its natural property in reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related ferroptosis of tumor cells, which provides a great platform for functional green oral delivery system in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Wanqiong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Shuzhen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Shaomeng Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zheng Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zhuoying He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xueqin Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Niu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xiuman Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Huihao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Youmei Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Juan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xinghua Sui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Guanyu Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
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16
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Zheng H, Li M, Wu L, Liu W, Liu Y, Gao J, Lu Z. Progress in the application of hydrogels in immunotherapy of gastrointestinal tumors. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2161670. [PMID: 36587630 PMCID: PMC9809389 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2161670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal tumors are the most common cancers with the highest morbidity and mortality worldwide. Surgery accompanied by chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapy remains the first option for gastrointestinal tumors. However, poor specificity for tumor cells of these postoperative treatments often leads to severe side effects and poor prognosis. Tumor immunotherapy, including checkpoint blockade and tumor vaccines, has developed rapidly in recent years, showing good curative effects and minimal side effects in the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors. National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines recommend tumor immunotherapy as part of the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors. However, the heterogeneity of tumor cells, complicacy of the tumor microenvironment and poor tumor immunogenicity hamper the effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy. Hydrogels, defined as three-dimensional, hydrophilic, and water-insoluble polymeric networks, could significantly improve the overall response rate of immunotherapy due to their superior drug loading efficacy, controlled release and drug codelivery ability. In this article, we briefly describe the research progress made in recent years on hydrogel delivery systems in immunotherapy for gastrointestinal tumors and discuss the potential future application prospects and challenges to provide a reference for the clinical application of hydrogels in tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenshang Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China,Jie Gao Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Zhengmao Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China,CONTACT Zhengmao Lu Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai200433, China
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17
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Wang Y, Chen L, Wang Y, Wang X, Qian D, Yan J, Sun Z, Cui P, Yu L, Wu J, He Z. Marine biomaterials in biomedical nano/micro-systems. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:408. [PMID: 37926815 PMCID: PMC10626837 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02112-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine resources in unique marine environments provide abundant, cost-effective natural biomaterials with distinct structures, compositions, and biological activities compared to terrestrial species. These marine-derived raw materials, including polysaccharides, natural protein components, fatty acids, and marine minerals, etc., have shown great potential in preparing, stabilizing, or modifying multifunctional nano-/micro-systems and are widely applied in drug delivery, theragnostic, tissue engineering, etc. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the most current marine biomaterial-based nano-/micro-systems developed over the past three years, primarily focusing on therapeutic delivery studies and highlighting their potential to cure a variety of diseases. Specifically, we first provided a detailed introduction to the physicochemical characteristics and biological activities of natural marine biocomponents in their raw state. Furthermore, the assembly processes, potential functionalities of each building block, and a thorough evaluation of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of advanced marine biomaterial-based systems and their effects on molecular pathophysiological processes were fully elucidated. Finally, a list of unresolved issues and pivotal challenges of marine-derived biomaterials applications, such as standardized distinction of raw materials, long-term biosafety in vivo, the feasibility of scale-up, etc., was presented. This review is expected to serve as a roadmap for fundamental research and facilitate the rational design of marine biomaterials for diverse emerging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth Systems, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth Systems, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, 572024, China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 55000, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuanzheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 55000, Guizhou, China.
| | - Xinyuan Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth Systems, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth Systems, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, 572024, China
| | - Deyao Qian
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth Systems, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth Systems, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, 572024, China
| | - Jiahui Yan
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth Systems, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth Systems, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, 572024, China
| | - Zeyu Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 55000, Guizhou, China
| | - Pengfei Cui
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Liangmin Yu
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth Systems, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth Systems, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, 572024, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China.
| | - Zhiyu He
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth Systems, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth Systems, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, 572024, China.
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18
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Niu X, Wu M, Li G, Zhou X, Cao W, Zhai W, Wu A, Zhou X, Jin S, Chen G, Li Y, Du J, Wu Y, Qiu L, Zhao W, Gao Y. Identification and optimization of peptide inhibitors to block VISTA/PSGL-1 interaction for cancer immunotherapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:4511-4522. [PMID: 37969728 PMCID: PMC10638518 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing new therapeutic agents for cancer immunotherapy is highly demanding due to the low response ratio of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in cancer patients. Here, we discovered that the novel immune checkpoint VISTA is highly expressed on a variety of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, especially myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and CD8+ T cells. Then, peptide C1 with binding affinity to VISTA was developed by phage displayed bio-panning technique, and its mutant peptide VS3 was obtained by molecular docking based mutation. Peptide VS3 could bind VISTA with high affinity and block its interaction with ligand PSGL-1 under acidic condition, and elicit anti-tumor activity in vivo. The peptide DVS3-Pal was further designed by d-amino acid substitution and fatty acid modification, which exhibited strong proteolytic stability and significant anti-tumor activity through enhancing CD8+ T cell function and decreasing MDSCs infiltration. This is the first study to develop peptides to block VISTA/PSGL-1 interaction, which could act as promising candidates for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuang Niu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Menghan Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Guodong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiuman Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Wenpeng Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wenjie Zhai
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Aijun Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shengzhe Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Guanyu Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yanying Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jiangfeng Du
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yahong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lu Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Wenshan Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
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Hu Z, Li W, Chen S, Chen D, Xu R, Zheng D, Yang X, Li S, Zhou X, Niu X, Xiao Y, He Z, Li H, Liu J, Sui X, Gao Y. Design of a novel chimeric peptide via dual blockade of CD47/SIRPα and PD-1/PD-L1 for cancer immunotherapy. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:2310-2328. [PMID: 37115491 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2285-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Although immune checkpoint inhibition has been shown to effectively activate antitumor immunity in various tumor types, only a small subset of patients can benefit from PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. CD47 expressed on tumor cells protects them from phagocytosis through interaction with SIRPα on macrophages, while PD-L1 dampens T cell-mediated tumor killing. Therefore, dual targeting PD-L1 and CD47 may improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. A chimeric peptide Pal-DMPOP was designed by conjugating the double mutation of CD47/SIRPα blocking peptide (DMP) with the truncation of PD-1/PD-L1 blocking peptide OPBP-1(8-12) and was modified by a palmitic acid tail. Pal-DMPOP can significantly enhance macrophage-mediated phagocytosis of tumor cells and activate primary T cells to secret IFN-γ in vitro. Due to its superior hydrolysis-resistant activity as well as tumor tissue and lymph node targeting properties, Pal-DMPOP elicited stronger anti-tumor potency than Pal-DMP or OPBP-1(8-12) in immune-competent MC38 tumor-bearing mice. The in vivo anti-tumor activity was further validated in the colorectal CT26 tumor model. Furthermore, Pal-DMPOP mobilized macrophage and T-cell anti-tumor responses with minimal toxicity. Overall, the first bispecific CD47/SIRPα and PD-1/PD-L1 dual-blockade chimeric peptide was designed and exhibited synergistic anti-tumor efficacy via CD8+ T cell activation and macrophage-mediated immune response. The strategy could pave the way for designing effective therapeutic agents for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Wanqiong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Shaomeng Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Danhong Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Ran Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Danlu Zheng
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Shuzhen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xiuman Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Niu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Youmei Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Zhuoying He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Huihao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Juan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xinghua Sui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
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Virmani T, Kumar G, Sharma A, Pathak K, Akhtar MS, Afzal O, Altamimi ASA. Amelioration of Cancer Employing Chitosan, Its Derivatives, and Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles: Recent Updates. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2928. [PMID: 37447573 DOI: 10.3390/polym15132928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The limitations associated with the conventional treatment of cancer have necessitated the design and development of novel drug delivery systems based mainly on nanotechnology. These novel drug delivery systems include various kinds of nanoparticles, such as polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, hydrogels, and polymeric micelles. Among the various kinds of novel drug delivery systems, chitosan-based nanoparticles have attracted the attention of researchers to treat cancer. Chitosan is a polycationic polymer generated from chitin with various characteristics such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and mucoadhesiveness, making it an ideal polymer to fabricate drug delivery systems. However, chitosan is poorly soluble in water and soluble in acidic aqueous solutions. Furthermore, owing to the presence of reactive amino groups, chitosan can be chemically modified to improve its physiochemical properties. Chitosan and its modified derivatives can be employed to fabricate nanoparticles, which are used most frequently in the pharmaceutical sector due to their possession of various characteristics such as nanosize, appropriate pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, non-immunogenicity, improved stability, and improved drug loading capacity. Furthermore, it is capable of delivering nucleic acids, chemotherapeutic medicines, and bioactives using modified chitosan. Chitosan and its modified derivative-based nanoparticles can be targeted to specific cancer sites via active and passive mechanisms. Based on chitosan drug delivery systems, many anticancer drugs now have better effectiveness, potency, cytotoxicity, or biocompatibility. The characteristics of chitosan and its chemically tailored derivatives, as well as their use in cancer therapy, will be examined in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Virmani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MVN University, Haryana 121105, India
| | - Girish Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MVN University, Haryana 121105, India
| | - Ashwani Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MVN University, Haryana 121105, India
| | - Kamla Pathak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Etawah 206001, India
| | - Md Sayeed Akhtar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, AlFara, Abha 62223, Saudi Arabia
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmalik S A Altamimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Shen W, Shi P, Dong Q, Zhou X, Chen C, Sui X, Tian W, Zhu X, Wang X, Jin S, Wu Y, Chen G, Qiu L, Zhai W, Gao Y. Discovery of a novel dual-targeting D-peptide to block CD24/Siglec-10 and PD-1/PD-L1 interaction and synergize with radiotherapy for cancer immunotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e007068. [PMID: 37344099 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aside from immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), intervention of CD47/Sirpα mediated 'don't eat me' signal between macrophage and tumor cell is considered as a promising therapeutic approach for cancer immunotherapy. Compared with CD47, the novel immune checkpoint CD24/Siglec-10 can also deliver 'don't eat me' signal and CD24 shows much lower expression level in normal tissue which might avoid unwanted side effects. METHODS Cell-based phage display biopanning and D-amino acid modification strategy were used to identify the CD24/Siglec-10 blocking peptide. Cell-based blocking assay and microscale thermophoresis assay were used to validate the blocking and binding activities of the peptide. Phagocytosis and co-culture assays were used to explore the in vitro function of the peptide. Flow cytometry was performed to assess the immune microenvironment after the peptide treatment in vivo. RESULTS A CD24/Siglec-10 blocking peptide (CSBP) with hydrolysis-resistant property was identified. Surprisingly, we found that CSBP could not only block the interaction of CD24/Siglec-10 but also PD-1/PD-L1. CSBP could induce the phagocytosis of tumor cell by both the macrophages and monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs), which can further activate CD8+ T cells. Besides, combination of radiotherapy and CSBP synergistically reduced tumor growth and altered the tumor microenvironment in both anti-PD-1-responsive MC38 and anti-PD-1-resistant 4T1 tumor models. CONCLUSIONS In summary, this is the first CD24/Siglec-10 blocking peptide which blocked PD-1/PD-L1 interaction as well, functioned via enhancing the phagocytosis of tumor cells by macrophages and M-MDSCs, and elevating the activity of CD8+ T cells for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peishang Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingyu Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiuman Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunxia Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinghua Sui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wentong Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxi Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shengzhe Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yahong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guanyu Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lu Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenjie Zhai
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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Xiao M, Tang Q, Zeng S, Yang Q, Yang X, Tong X, Zhu G, Lei L, Li S. Emerging biomaterials for tumor immunotherapy. Biomater Res 2023; 27:47. [PMID: 37194085 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00369-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immune system interacts with cancer cells in various intricate ways that can protect the individual from overproliferation of cancer cells; however, these interactions can also lead to malignancy. There has been a dramatic increase in the application of cancer immunotherapy in the last decade. However, low immunogenicity, poor specificity, weak presentation efficiency, and off-target side effects still limit its widespread application. Fortunately, advanced biomaterials effectively contribute immunotherapy and play an important role in cancer treatment, making it a research hotspot in the biomedical field. MAIN BODY This review discusses immunotherapies and the development of related biomaterials for application in the field. The review first summarizes the various types of tumor immunotherapy applicable in clinical practice as well as their underlying mechanisms. Further, it focuses on the types of biomaterials applied in immunotherapy and related research on metal nanomaterials, silicon nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, polymer nanoparticles, and cell membrane nanocarriers. Moreover, we introduce the preparation and processing technologies of these biomaterials (liposomes, microspheres, microneedles, and hydrogels) and summarize their mechanisms when applied to tumor immunotherapy. Finally, we discuss future advancements and shortcomings related to the application of biomaterials in tumor immunotherapy. CONCLUSION Research on biomaterial-based tumor immunotherapy is booming; however, several challenges remain to be overcome to transition from experimental research to clinical application. Biomaterials have been optimized continuously and nanotechnology has achieved continuous progression, ensuring the development of more efficient biomaterials, thereby providing a platform and opportunity for breakthroughs in tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna Xiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Qinglai Tang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Shiying Zeng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xinming Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xinying Tong
- Department of Hemodialysis, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Gangcai Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Lanjie Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Shisheng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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Awad RM, Breckpot K. Novel technologies for applying immune checkpoint blockers. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 382:1-101. [PMID: 38225100 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells develop several ways to subdue the immune system among others via upregulation of inhibitory immune checkpoint (ICP) proteins. These ICPs paralyze immune effector cells and thereby enable unfettered tumor growth. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that block ICPs can prevent immune exhaustion. Due to their outstanding effects, mAbs revolutionized the field of cancer immunotherapy. However, current ICP therapy regimens suffer from issues related to systemic administration of mAbs, including the onset of immune related adverse events, poor pharmacokinetics, limited tumor accessibility and immunogenicity. These drawbacks and new insights on spatiality prompted the exploration of novel administration routes for mAbs for instance peritumoral delivery. Moreover, novel ICP drug classes that are adept to novel delivery technologies were developed to circumvent the drawbacks of mAbs. We therefore review the state-of-the-art and novel delivery strategies of ICP drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Maximilian Awad
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karine Breckpot
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
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Zhang Y, Liu C, Wu C, Song L. Natural peptides for immunological regulation in cancer therapy: Mechanism, facts and perspectives. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114257. [PMID: 36689836 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer incidence and mortality rates are increasing annually. Treatment with surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy (RT) is unsatisfactory because many patients have advanced disease at the initial diagnosis. However, the emergence of immunotherapy promises to be an effective strategy to improve the outcome of advanced tumors. Immune checkpoint antibodies, which are at the forefront of immunotherapy, have had significant success but still leave some cancer patients without benefit. For more cancer patients to benefit from immunotherapy, it is necessary to find new drugs and combination therapeutic strategies to improve the outcome of advanced cancer patients and achieve long-term tumor control or even eradication. Peptides are promising choices for tumor immunotherapy drugs because they have the advantages of low production cost, high sequence selectivity, high tissue permeability, low toxicity and low immunogenicity etc., and the adjuvant matching and technologies like nanotechnology can further optimize the effects of peptides. In this review, we present the current status and mechanisms of research on peptides targeting multiple immune cells (T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells (DCs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), regulatory T cells (Tregs)) and immune checkpoints in tumor immunotherapy; and we summarize the current status of research on peptide-based tumor immunotherapy in combination with other therapies including RT, chemotherapy, surgery, targeted therapy, cytokine therapy, adoptive cell therapy (ACT) and cancer vaccines. Finally, we discuss the current status of peptide applications in mRNA vaccine delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Zhang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Chenxin Liu
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Chunjie Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Linjiang Song
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China.
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Dietary-Polysaccharide-Modified Fish-Oil-Based Double Emulsion as a Functional Colloidal Formulation for Oral Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122844. [PMID: 36559337 PMCID: PMC9781863 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral delivery is the most convenient drug administration route. However, oral delivery of peptides is extremely challenging due to the physical and chemical barriers within the gastrointestinal tract. Polysaccharides are often utilized as polymeric biomaterials in drug delivery. Among these, dietary polysaccharides extracted from okra, yam, and spirulina have been reported to stimulate innate immunity with well-known nutritional benefits. In this study, we developed a dietary-polysaccharide-modified fish-oil-based emulsion for oral co-delivery of a hydrophilic PD-L1 blocking peptide and the hydrophobic small molecule simvastatin. The optimal emulsion was nano-sized and exhibited a negative surface charge, high drug encapsulation efficiency of over 97%, low viscosity, and sustained drug release manner. The formulation could significantly increase the uptake of peptides by intestinal Caco-2 cells, which demonstrated the great potential of the formulation for promoting the oral absorption of peptides. Additionally, these dietary polysaccharides could promote dendritic cell maturation and cytokine expression in macrophages, demonstrating that these nutraceutical polysaccharides had dual roles of functioning as promising colloidal delivery systems and as potential immune modulators or adjuvants. Thus, this food-based colloidal delivery system shows promise for the oral delivery of peptide drugs and lays a great platform for future applications in immunotherapy.
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Chen Z, Yue Z, Yang K, Li S. Nanomaterials: small particles show huge possibilities for cancer immunotherapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:484. [DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01692-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractWith the economy's globalization and the population's aging, cancer has become the leading cause of death in most countries. While imposing a considerable burden on society, the high morbidity and mortality rates have continuously prompted researchers to develop new oncology treatment options. Anti-tumor regimens have evolved from early single surgical treatment to combined (or not) chemoradiotherapy and then to the current stage of tumor immunotherapy. Tumor immunotherapy has undoubtedly pulled some patients back from the death. However, this strategy of activating or boosting the body's immune system hardly benefits most patients. It is limited by low bioavailability, low response rate and severe side effects. Thankfully, the rapid development of nanotechnology has broken through the bottleneck problem of anti-tumor immunotherapy. Multifunctional nanomaterials can not only kill tumors by combining anti-tumor drugs but also can be designed to enhance the body's immunity and thus achieve a multi-treatment effect. It is worth noting that the variety of nanomaterials, their modifiability, and the diversity of combinations allow them to shine in antitumor immunotherapy. In this paper, several nanobiotics commonly used in tumor immunotherapy at this stage are discussed, and they activate or enhance the body's immunity with their unique advantages. In conclusion, we reviewed recent advances in tumor immunotherapy based on nanomaterials, such as biological cell membrane modification, self-assembly, mesoporous, metal and hydrogels, to explore new directions and strategies for tumor immunotherapy.
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Chen C, Sui X, Ning H, Sun Y, Du J, Chen X, Zhou X, Chen G, Shen W, Pang L, Zhou X, Shi R, Li W, Wang H, Zhao W, Zhai W, Qi Y, Wu Y, Gao Y. Identification of natural product 3, 5-diiodotyrosine as APOBEC3B inhibitor to prevent somatic mutation accumulation and cancer progression. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-005503. [PMID: 36323433 PMCID: PMC9639148 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of cancer is largely dependent on the accumulation of somatic mutations, indicating the potential to develop cancer chemoprevention agents targeting mutation drivers. However, ideal cancer chemoprevention agents that can effectively inhibit the mutation drivers have not been identified yet. METHODS The somatic mutation signatures and expression analyses of APOBEC3B were performed in patient with pan-cancer. The computer-aided screening and skeleton-based searching were performed to identify natural products that can inhibit the activity of APOBEC3B. 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO)-induced spontaneous esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS)-induced spontaneous colon cancer mouse models were conducted to investigate the influences of APOBEC3B inhibitor on the prevention of somatic mutation accumulation and cancer progression. RESULTS Here, we discovered that the cytidine deaminase APOBEC3B correlated somatic mutations were widely observed in a variety of cancers, and its overexpression indicated poor survival. SMC247 (3, 5-diiodotyrosine), as a source of kelp iodine without side effects, could strongly bind APOBEC3B (KD=65 nM) and effectively inhibit its deaminase activity (IC50=1.69 µM). Interestingly, 3, 5-diiodotyrosine could significantly reduce the clusters of mutations, prevent the precancerous lesion progression, and prolong the survival in 4-NQO-induced spontaneous ESCC and AOM/DSS-induced spontaneous colon cancer mouse models. Furthermore, 3, 5-diiodotyrosine could reduce colitis, increase the proportion and function of T lymphocytes via IL-15 in tumor microenvironment. The synergistic cancer prevention effects were observed when 3, 5-diiodotyrosine combined with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. CONCLUSIONS This is the first prove-of-concept study to elucidate that the natural product 3, 5-diiodotyrosine could prevent somatic mutation accumulation and cancer progression through inhibiting the enzymatic activity of APOBEC3B. In addition, 3, 5-diiodotyrosine could reduce the colitis and increase the infiltration and function of T lymphocytes via IL-15 in tumor microenvironment. 3, 5-diiodotyrosine combined with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade could elicit synergistic cancer prevention effects, indicating a novel strategy for both prevent the somatic mutation accumulation and the immune-suppressive microenvironment exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinghua Sui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University - Shenzhen Campus, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Haoming Ning
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yixuan Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiangfeng Du
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China,Henan Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaotong Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiuman Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University - Shenzhen Campus, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Guanyu Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University - Shenzhen Campus, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhui Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University - Shenzhen Campus, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Liwei Pang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ranran Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wanqiong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University - Shenzhen Campus, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongfei Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Wenshan Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China,International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenjie Zhai
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China,International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuanming Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China,International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yahong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China,Henan Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University - Shenzhen Campus, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Chen Z, Yue Z, Wang R, Yang K, Li S. Nanomaterials: A powerful tool for tumor immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:979469. [PMID: 36072591 PMCID: PMC9441741 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.979469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer represents the leading global driver of death and is recognized as a critical obstacle to increasing life expectancy. In recent years, with the development of precision medicine, significant progress has been made in cancer treatment. Among them, various therapies developed with the help of the immune system have succeeded in clinical treatment, recognizing and killing cancer cells by stimulating or enhancing the body’s intrinsic immune system. However, low response rates and serious adverse effects, among others, have limited the use of immunotherapy. It also poses problems such as drug resistance and hyper-progression. Fortunately, thanks to the rapid development of nanotechnology, engineered multifunctional nanomaterials and biomaterials have brought breakthroughs in cancer immunotherapy. Unlike conventional cancer immunotherapy, nanomaterials can be rationally designed to trigger specific tumor-killing effects. Simultaneously, improved infiltration of immune cells into metastatic lesions enhances the efficiency of antigen submission and induces a sustained immune reaction. Such a strategy directly reverses the immunological condition of the primary tumor, arrests metastasis and inhibits tumor recurrence through postoperative immunotherapy. This paper discusses several types of nanoscale biomaterials for cancer immunotherapy, and they activate the immune system through material-specific advantages to provide novel therapeutic strategies. In summary, this article will review the latest advances in tumor immunotherapy based on self-assembled, mesoporous, cell membrane modified, metallic, and hydrogel nanomaterials to explore diverse tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyin Chen
- Clinical Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ziqi Yue
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ronghua Wang
- Department of Outpatient, Dongying People’s Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Kaiqi Yang
- Clinical Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shenglong Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Shenglong Li, ;
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Functionalized chitosan as a promising platform for cancer immunotherapy: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 290:119452. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Yu X, Fang C, Zhang K, Su C. Recent Advances in Nanoparticles-Based Platforms Targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway for Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081581. [PMID: 36015206 PMCID: PMC9414242 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis showed remarkable improvements in overall response and patient survival, which changed the treatment landscape for multiple cancer types. However, the majority of patients receiving ICIs are either non-responders or eventually develop secondary resistance. Meanwhile, immunological homeostasis would be destroyed as T cell functions are activated excessively, leading to immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Clinically, a large number of irAEs caused by ICIs occurred and affected almost every organ system, resulting in the discontinuation or even the termination of the ongoing therapy. Therefore, researchers are exploring methods to overcome the situations of insufficient accumulation of these drugs in tumor sites and severe side effects. PD-1/PD-L1-targeted agents encapsulated in nanoparticles have emerged as novel drug delivery systems for improving the delivery efficacy, enhancing immune response and minimizing side effects in cancer treatment. Nanocarriers targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis showed enhanced functionalities and improved the technical weaknesses based on their reduced off-target effects, biocompatible properties, multifunctional potential and biomimetic modifications. Here, we summarize nanoparticles which are designed to directly target the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. We also discuss the combination of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents and other therapies using nanomedicine-based treatments and their anticancer effects, safety issues, and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China;
| | - Chao Fang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China;
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China;
- Correspondence: (K.Z.); (C.S.)
| | - Chunxia Su
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China;
- Correspondence: (K.Z.); (C.S.)
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He B, Li B, Chen X, Zhang Q, Lu C, Yang S, Long J, Ning L, Chen H, Huang J. PDL1Binder: Identifying programmed cell death ligand 1 binding peptides by incorporating next-generation phage display data and different peptide descriptors. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:928774. [PMID: 35910615 PMCID: PMC9335124 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.928774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibody drugs targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have showed efficacy in the treatment of cancer patients, however, they have many intrinsic limitations and inevitable drawbacks. Peptide inhibitors as alternatives might compensate for the drawbacks of current PD-1/PD-L1 interaction blockers. Identifying PD-L1 binding peptides by random peptide library screening is a time-consuming and labor-intensive process. Machine learning-based computational models enable rapid discovery of peptide candidates targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. In this study, we first employed next-generation phage display (NGPD) biopanning to isolate PD-L1 binding peptides. Different peptide descriptors and feature selection methods as well as diverse machine learning methods were then incorporated to implement predictive models of PD-L1 binding. Finally, we proposed PDL1Binder, an ensemble computational model for efficiently obtaining PD-L1 binding peptides. Our results suggest that predictive models of PD-L1 binding can be learned from deep sequencing data and provide a new path to discover PD-L1 binding peptides. A web server was implemented for PDL1Binder, which is freely available at http://i.uestc.edu.cn/pdl1binder/cgi-bin/PDL1Binder.pl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bifang He
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | | | - Chunying Lu
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | | | - Jinjin Long
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lin Ning
- School of Healthcare Technology, Chengdu Neusoft University, Chengdu, China
| | - Heng Chen
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Heng Chen,
| | - Jian Huang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Jian Huang,
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Jiao L, Dong Q, Zhai W, Zhao W, Shi P, Wu Y, Zhou X, Gao Y. A PD-L1 and VEGFR2 dual targeted peptide and its combination with irradiation for cancer immunotherapy. Pharmacol Res 2022; 182:106343. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Quadir SS, Saharan V, Choudhary D, Harish, Jain CP, Joshi G. Nano-strategies as Oral Drug Delivery Platforms for Treatment of Cancer: Challenges and Future Perspectives. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:152. [PMID: 35606661 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02301-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral drug administration is the oldest and widely used method for drug administration. The objectives behind developing an oral drug delivery for the treatment of cancer are to achieve low cost treatment by utilizing novel techniques to target cancer through gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) and to enhance patient comfort and compliance through a hospital-free treatment leading to "Chemotherapy at Home." Unfortunately, due to the physiological environment of the GIT and physicochemical properties of drug candidate, the efficacy of oral drug delivery methods is limited in the treatment of cancer. Due to their low hydrophilicity, high P-gp efflux and restricted intestinal permeability most of the anti-cancer drugs fail to achieve oral bioavailability. The review focuses on the efforts, challenges, opportunities and studies conducted by scientists worldwide on the oral administration of anticancer medications via nanocarriers such as liposomes, SLNs and dendrimers, because of their potential to overcome the epithelial barrier associated with GALT, as well as the applications of different polymers in targeting the cancer. The oral delivery can set newer horizons in cancer therapy to make it more patient friendly.
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Wang X, Zhu X, Li B, Wei X, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhang W, Liu S, Liu Z, Zhai W, Zhu P, Gao Y, Chen Z. Intelligent Biomimetic Nanoplatform for Systemic Treatment of Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer via Enhanced EGFR-Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:23152-23163. [PMID: 35549005 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most malignant subtype of breast cancer, and it is associated with a high recurrence rate, metastatic potential, and poor prognosis. Thus, effective therapeutic strategies for TNBC are urgently required. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is considered to be a potential therapeutic target for TNBC. However, there are limitations to the use of targeted therapies, such as afatinib (AFT), particularly drug resistance. Here, we investigated a poly(d,l-lactide-glycolide) (PLGA)-based intelligent bionic nanoplatform, termed AFT/2-BP@PLGA@MD, which combined targeted therapy with immunotherapy. In this platform, PLGA was used to encapsulate 2-bromo-palmitate (2-BP), a palmitoylation inhibitor, to enhance the efficacy of AFT against TNBC cells. PLGA was coated with a cancer cell membrane anchored with a cleavable peptide by matrix metalloproteinase-2 to block programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). 2-BP significantly enhanced the capacity of AFT to inhibit the proliferation and migration of tumor cells in vitro. Moreover, the tumor cell membrane-coated AFT/2-BP@PLGA@MD nanoparticles exhibited enhanced tumor targeting ability in vivo. The AFT/2-BP@PLGA@MD nanoparticles significantly inhibited the growth and metastasis of 4T1 tumor and prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice. The nanoparticles also triggered antitumor immune response. Collectively, we report an effective therapeutic strategy for clinically refractory TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xueqin Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bingyu Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiuyu Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yalan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wenyan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Sijia Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zimai Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wenjie Zhai
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Pingping Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zhenzhen Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Ershov PV, Mezentsev YV, Ivanov AS. Interfacial Peptides as Affinity Modulating Agents of Protein-Protein Interactions. Biomolecules 2022; 12:106. [PMID: 35053254 PMCID: PMC8773757 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of disease-related protein-protein interactions (PPIs) creates objective conditions for their pharmacological modulation. The contact area (interfaces) of the vast majority of PPIs has some features, such as geometrical and biochemical complementarities, "hot spots", as well as an extremely low mutation rate that give us key knowledge to influence these PPIs. Exogenous regulation of PPIs is aimed at both inhibiting the assembly and/or destabilization of protein complexes. Often, the design of such modulators is associated with some specific problems in targeted delivery, cell penetration and proteolytic stability, as well as selective binding to cellular targets. Recent progress in interfacial peptide design has been achieved in solving all these difficulties and has provided a good efficiency in preclinical models (in vitro and in vivo). The most promising peptide-containing therapeutic formulations are under investigation in clinical trials. In this review, we update the current state-of-the-art in the field of interfacial peptides as potent modulators of a number of disease-related PPIs. Over the past years, the scientific interest has been focused on following clinically significant heterodimeric PPIs MDM2/p53, PD-1/PD-L1, HIF/HIF, NRF2/KEAP1, RbAp48/MTA1, HSP90/CDC37, BIRC5/CRM1, BIRC5/XIAP, YAP/TAZ-TEAD, TWEAK/FN14, Bcl-2/Bax, YY1/AKT, CD40/CD40L and MINT2/APP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel V. Ershov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (Y.V.M.); (A.S.I.)
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Liu D, Gao S, Zhai Y, Yang X, Zhai G. Research progress of tumor targeted drug delivery based on PD-1/PD-L1. Int J Pharm 2022; 616:121527. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Abstract
Cancer is one of the major causes of death worldwide. Chemotherapeutic drugs have become a popular choice as anticancer agents. Despite the therapeutic benefits of chemotherapeutic drugs, patients often experience side effects and drug resistance. Biopolymers could be used to overcome some of the limitations of chemotherapeutic drugs, as well as be used either as anticancer agents or drug delivery vehicles. Chitosan is a biocompatible polymer derived from chitin. Chitosan, chitosan derivatives, or chitosan nanoparticles have shown their promise as an anticancer agent. Additionally, functionally modified chitosan can be used to deliver nucleic acids, chemotherapeutic drugs, and anticancer agents. More importantly, chitosan-based drug delivery systems improved the efficacy, potency, cytotoxicity, or biocompatibility of these anticancer agents. In this review, we will investigate the properties of chitosan and chemically tuned chitosan derivatives, and their application in cancer therapy.
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Potential Applications of Chitosan-Based Nanomaterials to Surpass the Gastrointestinal Physiological Obstacles and Enhance the Intestinal Drug Absorption. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060887. [PMID: 34203816 PMCID: PMC8232820 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The small intestine provides the major site for the absorption of numerous orally administered drugs. However, before reaching to the systemic circulation to exert beneficial pharmacological activities, the oral drug delivery is hindered by poor absorption/metabolic instability of the drugs in gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the presence of the mucus layer overlying intestinal epithelium. Therefore, a polymeric drug delivery system has emerged as a robust approach to enhance oral drug bioavailability and intestinal drug absorption. Chitosan, a cationic polymer derived from chitin, and its derivatives have received remarkable attention to serve as a promising drug carrier, chiefly owing to their versatile, biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-toxic properties. Several types of chitosan-based drug delivery systems have been developed, including chemical modification, conjugates, capsules, and hybrids. They have been shown to be effective in improving intestinal assimilation of several types of drugs, e.g., antidiabetic, anticancer, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory drugs. In this review, the physiological challenges affecting intestinal drug absorption and the effects of chitosan on those parameters impacting on oral bioavailability are summarized. More appreciably, types of chitosan-based nanomaterials enhancing intestinal drug absorption and their mechanisms, as well as potential applications in diabetes, cancers, infections, and inflammation, are highlighted. The future perspective of chitosan applications is also discussed.
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